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Singh D, Siddique HR. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer progression: unraveling the immunosuppressive module driving therapy resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:155-173. [PMID: 37775641 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo phenotypic switching (cancer cell plasticity) in response to microenvironmental cues, including exposure to therapy/treatment. Phenotypic plasticity enables the cancer cells to acquire more mesenchymal traits promoting cancer cells' growth, survival, therapy resistance, and disease recurrence. A significant program in cancer cell plasticity is epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), wherein a comprehensive reprogramming of gene expression occurs to facilitate the translational shift from epithelial-to-mesenchymal phenotypes resulting in increased invasiveness and metastasis. In addition, EMT plays a pivotal role in facilitating cancer cells' escape from the body's immune system using several mechanisms, such as the downregulation of major histocompatibility complex-mediated antigen presentation, upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules, and recruitment of immune-suppressive cells. Cancer cells' ability to undergo phenotypic switching and EMT-driven immune escape presents a formidable obstacle in cancer management, highlighting the need to unravel the intricate mechanisms underlying these processes and develop novel therapeutic strategies. This article discusses the role of EMT in promoting immune evasion and therapy resistance. We also discuss the ongoing research on developing therapeutic approaches targeting intrinsic and induced cell plasticity within the immune suppressive microenvironment. We believe this review article will update the current research status and equip researchers, clinicians, and other healthcare professionals with valuable insights enhancing their existing knowledge and shedding light on promising directions for future cancer research. This will facilitate the development of innovative strategies for managing therapy-resistant cancers and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Singh
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Hifzur R Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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2
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Abstract
Thrombospondin-1 is a secreted matricellular glycoprotein that modulates cell behavior by interacting with components of the extracellular matrix and with several cell surface receptors. Its presence in the extracellular matrix is induced by injuries that cause thrombospondin-1 release from platelets and conditions including hyperglycemia, ischemia, and aging that stimulate its expression by many cell types. Conversely, rapid receptor-mediated clearance of thrombospondin-1 from the extracellular space limits its sustained presence in the extracellular space and maintains sub-nanomolar physiological concentrations in blood plasma. Roles for thrombospondin-1 signaling, mediated by specific cellular receptors or by activation of latent TGFβ, have been defined in T and B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. In addition to regulating physiological nitric oxide signaling and responses of cells to stress, studies in mice lacking thrombospondin-1 or its receptors have revealed important roles for thrombospondin-1 in regulating immune responses in infectious and autoimmune diseases and antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Mondal P, Meeran SM. The emerging role of the gut microbiome in cancer cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:135-154. [PMID: 37707749 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to therapeutic agents is one of the major challenges in cancer therapy. Generally, the focus is given to the genetic driver, especially the genetic mutation behind the therapeutic resistance. However, non-mutational mechanisms, such as epigenetic modifications, and TME alteration, which is mainly driven by cancer cell plasticity, are also involved in therapeutic resistance. The concept of plasticity mainly relies on the conversion of non-cancer stem cells (CSCs) to CSCs or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via different mechanisms and various signaling pathways. Cancer plasticity plays a crucial role in therapeutic resistance as cancer cells are able to escape from therapeutics by shifting the phenotype and thereby enhancing tumor progression. New evidence suggests that gut microbiota can change cancer cell characteristics by impacting the mechanisms involved in cancer plasticity. Interestingly, gut microbiota can also influence the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs by modulating the mechanisms involved in cancer cell plasticity. The gut microbiota has been shown to reduce the toxicity of certain clinical drugs. Here, we have documented the critical role of the gut microbiota on the therapeutic efficacy of existing anticancer drugs by altering the cancer plasticity. Hence, the extended knowledge of the emerging role of gut microbiota in cancer cell plasticity can help to develop gut microbiota-based novel therapeutics to overcome the resistance or reduce the toxicity of existing drugs. Furthermore, to improve the effectiveness of therapy, it is necessary to conduct more clinical and preclinical research to fully comprehend the mechanisms of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mondal
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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4
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Aebisher D, Woźnicki P, Bartusik-Aebisher D. Photodynamic Therapy and Adaptive Immunity Induced by Reactive Oxygen Species: Recent Reports. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:967. [PMID: 38473328 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most significant causes of death worldwide. Despite the rapid development of modern forms of therapy, results are still unsatisfactory. The prognosis is further worsened by the ability of cancer cells to metastasize. Thus, more effective forms of therapy, such as photodynamic therapy, are constantly being developed. The photodynamic therapeutic regimen involves administering a photosensitizer that selectively accumulates in tumor cells or is present in tumor vasculature prior to irradiation with light at a wavelength corresponding to the photosensitizer absorbance, leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species are responsible for the direct and indirect destruction of cancer cells. Photodynamically induced local inflammation has been shown to have the ability to activate an adaptive immune system response resulting in the destruction of tumor lesions and the creation of an immune memory. This paper focuses on presenting the latest scientific reports on the specific immune response activated by photodynamic therapy. We present newly discovered mechanisms for the induction of the adaptive response by analyzing its various stages, and the possible difficulties in generating it. We also present the results of research over the past 10 years that have focused on improving the immunological efficacy of photodynamic therapy for improved cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paweł Woźnicki
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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5
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Singvogel K, Schittek B. Dormancy of cutaneous melanoma. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:88. [PMID: 38419052 PMCID: PMC10903048 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Many cancer-related deaths including melanoma result from metastases that develop months or years after the initial cancer therapy. Even the most effective drugs and immune therapies rarely eradicate all tumor cells. Instead, they strongly reduce cancer burden, permitting dormant cancer cells to persist in niches, where they establish a cellular homeostasis with their host without causing clinical symptoms. Dormant cancers respond poorly to most drugs and therapies since they do not proliferate and hide in niches. It therefore remains a major challenge to develop novel therapies for dormant cancers. In this review we focus on the mechanisms regulating the initiation of cutaneous melanoma dormancy as well as those which are involved in reawakening of dormant cutaneous melanoma cells. In recent years the role of neutrophils and niche components in reawakening of melanoma cells came into focus and indicate possible future therapeutic applications. Sophisticated in vitro and in vivo melanoma dormancy models are needed to make progress in this field and are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Singvogel
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D -72076 , Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D -72076 , Tübingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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6
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Gracia-Hernandez M, Yende AS, Gajendran N, Alahmadi Z, Li X, Munoz Z, Tan K, Noonepalle S, Shibata M, Villagra A. Targeting HDAC6 improves anti-CD47 immunotherapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:60. [PMID: 38414061 PMCID: PMC10898070 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells can overexpress CD47, an innate immune checkpoint that prevents phagocytosis upon interaction with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) expressed in macrophages and other myeloid cells. Several clinical trials have reported that CD47 blockade reduces tumor growth in hematological malignancies. However, CD47 blockade has shown modest results in solid tumors, including melanoma. Our group has demonstrated that histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors (HDAC6is) have immunomodulatory properties, such as controlling macrophage phenotype and inflammatory properties. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling these processes are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the role of HDAC6 in regulating the CD47/SIRPα axis and phagocytosis in macrophages. METHODS We tested the role of HDAC6is, especially Nexturastat A, in regulating macrophage phenotype and phagocytic function using bone marrow-derived macrophages and macrophage cell lines. The modulation of the CD47/SIRPα axis and phagocytosis by HDAC6is was investigated using murine and human melanoma cell lines and macrophages. Phagocytosis was evaluated via coculture assays of macrophages and melanoma cells by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Lastly, to evaluate the antitumor activity of Nexturastat A in combination with anti-CD47 or anti-SIRPα antibodies, we performed in vivo studies using the SM1 and/or B16F10 melanoma mouse models. RESULTS We observed that HDAC6is enhanced the phenotype of antitumoral M1 macrophages while decreasing the protumoral M2 phenotype. In addition, HDAC6 inhibition diminished the expression of SIRPα, increased the expression of other pro-phagocytic signals in macrophages, and downregulated CD47 expression in mouse and human melanoma cells. This regulatory role on the CD47/SIRPα axis translated into enhanced antitumoral phagocytic capacity of macrophages treated with Nexturastat A and anti-CD47. We also observed that the systemic administration of HDAC6i enhanced the in vivo antitumor activity of anti-CD47 blockade in melanoma by modulating macrophage and natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, Nexturastat A did not enhance the antitumor activity of anti-SIRPα despite its modulation of macrophage populations in the SM1 tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the critical regulatory role of HDAC6 in phagocytosis and innate immunity for the first time, further underscoring the use of these inhibitors to potentiate CD47 immune checkpoint blockade therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gracia-Hernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ashutosh S Yende
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nithya Gajendran
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zubaydah Alahmadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xintang Li
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zuleima Munoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Karen Tan
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Satish Noonepalle
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maho Shibata
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Oncology Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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Jin S, Guo Y, Wang X. Development of Platinum Complexes for Tumor Chemoimmunotherapy. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302948. [PMID: 38171804 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Platinum complexes are potential antitumor drugs in chemotherapy. Their impact on tumor treatment could be greatly strengthened by combining with immunotherapy. Increasing evidences indicate that the antitumor activity of platinum complexes is not limited to chemical killing effects, but also extends to immunomodulatory actions. This review introduced the general concept of chemoimmunotherapy and summarized the progress of platinum complexes as chemoimmunotherapeutic agents in recent years. Platinum complexes could be developed into inducers of immunogenic cell death, blockers of immune checkpoint, regulators of immune signaling pathway, and modulators of tumor immune microenvironment, etc. The synergy between chemotherapeutic and immunomodulatory effects reinforces the antitumor activity of platinum complexes, and helps them circumvent the drug resistance and systemic toxicity. The exploration of platinum complexes for chemoimmunotherapy may create new opportunities to revive the discovery of metal anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxing Jin
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yan Guo
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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8
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Liu C, Xia C, Xia C. Biology and function of exosomes in tumor immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115853. [PMID: 37951023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-scale extracellular vesicles that are found widely in various biological fluids. As messengers, exosomes deliver characteristic biological information from donor cells, facilitating their accumulation and subsequent transfer of information to tumor immune cells. Immunotherapy is a cutting-edge strategy for cancer therapy, but it has not yet reached its full potential owing to severe side effects and limited efficacy. Exosomes possess antigens and immunostimulatory molecules and can serve as cell-free vaccines to induce antitumor immunity. In addition, given their stability, low immunogenicity, and targeting ability, exosomes represent ideal drug delivery systems in tumor immunotherapy by delivering cargoes, including non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs), membrane proteins, chemotherapeutic agents, and immune cell death inducers. Exosomes can also be engineered to precisely target tumor cells. However, as a rising star in tumor immunotherapy, exosomes are also impeded by some challenges, including the lack of uniform technical standards for their isolation and purification, the need to improve exosomal cargo loading for efficient exosome delivery, and the expansion of clinical trials, which are currently in their infancy. Long-term, multi-center, and large-scale clinical trials are needed to evaluate the performance of exosomes in the future. Nonetheless, exosomes have demonstrated encouraging performance in tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the potential and challenges of exosomes in tumor immunotherapy, with the aim to shed light on exosomes as new-era tumor immunotherapy tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Foshan 528000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 515150, China
| | - Cong Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Foshan 528000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 515150, China.
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9
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Lang B, Wang M, Zhang Z, Fu Y, Han X, Hu Q, Ding H, Shang H, Jiang Y. Inhibitory receptor CD47 binding to plasma TSP1 suppresses NK-cell IFN-γ production via activating the JAK/STAT3 pathway during HIV infection. J Transl Med 2023; 21:869. [PMID: 38037074 PMCID: PMC10688093 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells play an important first-line role against tumour and viral infections and are regulated by inhibitory receptor expression. Among these inhibitory receptors, the expression, function, and mechanism of cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) on NK cells during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remain unclear. METHODS Fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from people living with HIV (PLWH) and HIV negative controls (NC) subjects. Soluble ligand expression levels of CD47 were measured using ELISA. HIV viral proteins or Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonist was used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the upregulation of CD47 expression. The effect of CD47 on NK cell activation, proliferation, and function were evaluated by flow cytometry. RNA-seq was used to identify downstream pathways for CD47 and its ligand interactions. A small molecule inhibitor was used to restore the inhibition of NK cell function by CD47 signalling. RESULTS CD47 expression was highly upregulated on the NK cells from PLWH, which could be due to activation of the Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) pathway. Compared with NC subjects, PLWH subjects exhibited elevated levels of CD47 ligands, thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), and counter ligand signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα). The TSP1-CD47 axis drives the suppression of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production and the activation of the Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway in NK cells. After treatment with a STAT3 inhibitor, the NK cells from PLWH showed significantly improved IFN-γ production. CONCLUSIONS The current data indicate that the binding of the inhibitory receptor CD47 to plasma TSP1 suppresses NK cell IFN-γ production by activating the JAK/STAT3 pathway during HIV infection. Our results suggest that CD47 and its related signalling pathways could be targets for improving NK cell function in people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Meiting Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zining Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yajing Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaoxu Han
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Qinghai Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Haibo Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hong Shang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Street, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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10
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Bi W, Kraft A, Engelskircher S, Mischke J, Witte M, Klawonn F, van Ham M, Cornberg M, Wedemeyer H, Hengst J, Jänsch L. Proteomics reveals a global phenotypic shift of NK cells in HCV patients treated with direct-acting antivirals. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250291. [PMID: 37515498 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections compromise natural killer (NK)-cell immunity. Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) effectively eliminate HCV, but the long-term effects on NK cells in cured patients are debated. We conducted a proteomic study on CD56+ NK cells of chronic HCV-infected patients before and 1 year after DAA therapy. Donor-variation was observed in NK-cell proteomes of HCV-infected patients, with 46 dysregulated proteins restored after DAA therapy. However, 30% of the CD56+ NK-cell proteome remained altered 1 year post-therapy, indicating a phenotypic shift with low donor-variation. NK cells from virus-negative cured patients exhibited global regulation of RNA-processing and pathways related to "stimuli response", "chemokine signaling", and "cytotoxicity regulation". Proteomics identified downregulation of vesicle transport components (CD107a, COPI/II complexes) and altered receptor expression profiles, indicating an inhibited NK-cell phenotype. Yet, activated NK cells from HCV patients before and after therapy effectively upregulated IFN-γ and recruited CD107a. Conversely, reduced surface expression levels of Tim-3 and 2B4 were observed before and after therapy. In conclusion, this study reveals long-term effects on the CD56+ NK-cell compartment in convalescent HCV patients 1 year after therapy, with limited abundance of vesicle transport complexes and surface receptors, associated with a responsive NK-cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Bi
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
- Cellular Proteome Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anke Kraft
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophie Engelskircher
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jasmin Mischke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Moana Witte
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Cellular Proteome Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University, Wolfenbüttel, Germany
| | - Marco van Ham
- Cellular Proteome Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Cornberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Resolving Infection Susceptibility (RESIST; EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Hengst
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Cellular Proteome Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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Li W, Zhao C, Li W, Gong Y, Ma K, Lu Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Guo F. BRAF D594A mutation defines a unique biological and immuno-modulatory subgroup associated with functional CD8 + T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:737. [PMID: 37853469 PMCID: PMC10585750 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAF non-V600 mutation occupies a relatively small but critical subset in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, little is known about the biological functions and impacts of BRAF class III mutation in CRC. Here, we aim to explore how D594A mutation impacts on biological behaviors and immune related signatures in murine CRC cells. METHODS BRAF V600E (class I), G469V (class II) and D594A (class III) mutant cell lines were established based on MC38 cells. The biological behaviors of cells were evaluated in respect of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell migration and invasion by the methods of colony-forming assay, CCK-8 assay, Annexin V/PI staining and transwell assay. The concentrations of soluble cytokines were detected by ELISA. The membrane expression of immuno-modulatory molecules and the pattern of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte were evaluated by flow cytometry. The molecular mechanism was explored by RNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was used for the detection of CD8α in tumor tissues. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to assess the mRNA and protein expression. Anti-PD-L1 treatment and cytokines neutralization experiments were conducted in in vivo models. RESULTS D594A mutant cells displayed lower grade malignancy characteristics than V600E (class I) and G469V (class II) mutant cells. Meanwhile, D594A mutation led to evident immuno-modulatory features including upregulation of MHC Class I and PD-L1. In vivo experiments displayed that the frequency of infiltrated CD8+ T cells was significantly high within D594A mutant tumors, which may provide potential response to anti-PD-L1 therapy. RNA sequencing analysis showed that D594A mutation led to enhanced expression of ATF3 and THBS1, which thus facilitated CXCL9 and CXCL10 production upon IFN-γ treatment. In addition, CXCL9 or CXCL10 neutralization reduced the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into THBS1-overexpressing tumors. CONCLUSIONS D594A mutant CRC exhibited lower aggressiveness and immune-activated phenotype. ATF3-THBS1-CXCL9/CXCL10 axis mediated functional CD8+ T cells infiltration into the microenvironment of D594A mutant CRC. Our present study is helpful to define this mutation in CRC and provide important insights in designing effective immunotherapeutic strategies in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215168, Jiangsu, China
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenyi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Gong
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaili Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujie Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215001, Jiangsu, China.
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Montero E, Isenberg JS. The TSP1-CD47-SIRPα interactome: an immune triangle for the checkpoint era. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:2879-2888. [PMID: 37217603 PMCID: PMC10412679 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The use of treatments, such as programmed death protein 1 (PD1) or cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) antibodies, that loosen the natural checks upon immune cell activity to enhance cancer killing have shifted clinical practice and outcomes for the better. Accordingly, the number of antibodies and engineered proteins that interact with the ligand-receptor components of immune checkpoints continue to increase along with their use. It is tempting to view these molecular pathways simply from an immune inhibitory perspective. But this should be resisted. Checkpoint molecules can have other cardinal functions relevant to the development and use of blocking moieties. Cell receptor CD47 is an example of this. CD47 is found on the surface of all human cells. Within the checkpoint paradigm, non-immune cell CD47 signals through immune cell surface signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) to limit the activity of the latter, the so-called trans signal. Even so, CD47 interacts with other cell surface and soluble molecules to regulate biogas and redox signaling, mitochondria and metabolism, self-renewal factors and multipotency, and blood flow. Further, the pedigree of checkpoint CD47 is more intricate than supposed. High-affinity interaction with soluble thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) and low-affinity interaction with same-cell SIRPα, the so-called cis signal, and non-SIRPα ectodomains on the cell membrane suggests that multiple immune checkpoints converge at and through CD47. Appreciation of this may provide latitude for pathway-specific targeting and intelligent therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Montero
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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13
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Huan T, Guan B, Li H, Tu X, Zhang C, Tang B. Principles and current clinical landscape of NK cell engaging bispecific antibody against cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2256904. [PMID: 37772505 PMCID: PMC10543353 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2256904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody-based targeted therapies have greatly improved treatment options for patients by binding to the innate immune system. However, the long-term efficacy of such antibodies is limited by mechanisms of drug resistance. Over the last 50 years, with advances in protein engineering technology, more and more bispecific antibody (bsAb) platforms have been engineered to meet diverse clinical needs. Bispecific NK cell engagers (BiKEs) or tri-specific NK cell engagers (TriKEs) allow for direct targeting of immune cells to tumors, and therefore resistance and serious adverse effects are greatly reduced. Many preclinical and clinical trials are currently underway, depicting the promise of antibody-based natural killer cell engager therapeutics. In this review, we compile worldwide efforts to explore the involvement of NK cells in bispecific antibodies. With a particular emphasis on lessons learned, we focus on preclinical and clinical studies in malignancies and discuss the reasons for the limited success of NK-cell engagers against solid tumors, offering plausible new ideas for curing some advanced cancers shortly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Huan
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bugao Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu Tu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
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Mortezaee K, Majidpoor J. Reinstating immunogenicity using bispecific anti-checkpoint/agent inhibitors. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114621. [PMID: 37004328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance demands for acquisition of novel strategies in order to broaden the therapeutic repertoire of advanced cancers. Bispecific antibodies can be utilized as an emerging therapeutic paradigm and a step forward in cancer immunotherapy. Synchronous inhibition of programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) or cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), or with other agents can expand antibody selectivity and improve therapeutic window through tightening cell-to-cell bridge (a process called immunological synapse) within tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). There is evidence of higher potency of this co-targeting approach over combined single-agent monoclonal antibodies in reinvigorating anti-tumor immune responses, retarding tumor growth, and improving patient survival. In fact, immunological synapses formed by interactions of such bispecific agents with TIME cells directly mediate cytotoxicity against tumor cells, and durable anti-tumor immune responses are predictable after application of such agents. Besides, lower adverse events are reported for bispecific antibodies compared with individual checkpoint inhibitors. These are all indicative of the importance of exploiting novel bispecific approach as a replacement for conventional combo checkpoint inhibitor therapy particularly for tumors with immunosuppressive or cold immunity. Study in this area is still continued, and in the future more will be known about the importance of this bispecific approach in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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15
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Carminati L, Carlessi E, Longhi E, Taraboletti G. Controlled extracellular proteolysis of thrombospondins. Matrix Biol 2023; 119:82-100. [PMID: 37003348 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Limited proteolysis of thrombospondins is a powerful mechanism to ensure dynamic tuning of their activities in the extracellular space. Thrombospondins are multifunctional matricellular proteins composed of multiple domains, each with a specific pattern of interactions with cell receptors, matrix components and soluble factors (growth factors, cytokines and proteases), thus with different effects on cell behavior and responses to changes in the microenvironment. Therefore, the proteolytic degradation of thrombospondins has multiple functional consequences, reflecting the local release of active fragments and isolated domains, exposure or disruption of active sequences, altered protein location, and changes in the composition and function of TSP-based pericellular interaction networks. In this review current data from the literature and databases is employed to provide an overview of cleavage of mammalian thrombospondins by different proteases. The roles of the fragments generated in specific pathological settings, with particular focus on cancer and the tumor microenvironment, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carminati
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Elena Carlessi
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Elisa Longhi
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
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Kaur S, Awad D, Finney RP, Meyer TJ, Singh SP, Cam MC, Karim BO, Warner AC, Roberts DD. CD47-Dependent Regulation of Immune Checkpoint Gene Expression and MYCN mRNA Splicing in Murine CD8 and Jurkat T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2612. [PMID: 36768931 PMCID: PMC9916813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of CD47 in some cancers is associated with poor survival related to its function as an innate immune checkpoint when expressed on tumor cells. In contrast, elevated CD47 expression in cutaneous melanomas is associated with improved survival. Previous studies implicated protective functions of CD47 expressed by immune cells in the melanoma tumor microenvironment. RNA sequencing analysis of responses induced by CD3 and CD28 engagement on wild type and CD47-deficient Jurkat T lymphoblast cells identified additional regulators of T cell function that were also CD47-dependent in mouse CD8 T cells. MYCN mRNA expression was upregulated in CD47-deficient cells but downregulated in CD47-deficient cells following activation. CD47 also regulated alternative splicing that produces two N-MYC isoforms. The CD47 ligand thrombospondin-1 inhibited expression of these MYCN mRNA isoforms, as well as induction of the oncogenic decoy MYCN opposite strand (MYCNOS) RNA during T cell activation. Analysis of mRNA expression data for melanomas in The Cancer Genome Atlas identified a significant coexpression of MYCN with CD47 and known regulators of CD8 T cell function. Thrombospondin-1 inhibited the induction of TIGIT, CD40LG, and MCL1 mRNAs following T cell activation in vitro. Increased mRNA expression of these T cell transcripts and MYCN in melanomas was associated with improved overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Duha Awad
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard P. Finney
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics, Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics, Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Satya P. Singh
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Margaret C. Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics, Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Baktiar O. Karim
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Andrew C. Warner
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratory, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - David D. Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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17
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Nath PR, Pal-Nath D, Kaur S, Gangaplara A, Meyer TJ, Cam MC, Roberts DD. Loss of CD47 alters CD8+ T cell activation in vitro and immunodynamics in mice. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2111909. [PMID: 36105746 PMCID: PMC9467551 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
CD47 has established roles in the immune system for regulating macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte activation, with growing evidence of its cell-intrinsic regulatory roles in natural killer and CD8+ T cells. CD47 limits antigen-dependent cytotoxic activities of human and murine CD8+ T cells, but its role in T cell activation kinetics remains unclear. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we show here that CD47 differentially regulates CD8+ T cell responses to short- versus long-term activation. Although CD47 was not required for T cell development in mice and early activation in vitro, short-term stimuli elevated pathogen-reactive gene expression and enhanced proliferation and the effector phenotypes of Cd47-deficient relative to Cd47-sufficient CD8+ T cells. In contrast, persistent TCR stimulation limited the effector phenotypes of Cd47−/− CD8+ T cells and enhanced their apoptosis signature. CD8+ T cell expansion and activation in vivo induced by acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection did not differ in the absence of CD47. However, the frequency and effector phenotypes of Cd47−/− CD8+ T cells were constrained in chronic LCMV-infected as well as in mice bearing B16 melanoma tumors. Therefore, CD47 regulates CD8+ T cell activation, proliferation, and fitness in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak R. Nath
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical and Translational Immunology Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dipasmita Pal-Nath
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arunkumar Gangaplara
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margaret C Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David D. Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Stirling ER, Terabe M, Wilson AS, Kooshki M, Yamaleyeva LM, Alexander-Miller MA, Zhang W, Miller LD, Triozzi PL, Soto-Pantoja DR. Targeting the CD47/thrombospondin-1 signaling axis regulates immune cell bioenergetics in the tumor microenvironment to potentiate antitumor immune response. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e004712. [PMID: 36418073 PMCID: PMC9685258 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD47 is an integral membrane protein that alters adaptive immunosurveillance when bound to the matricellular glycoprotein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1). We examined the impact of the CD47/TSP1 signaling axis on melanoma patient response to anti-PD-1 therapy due to alterations in T cell activation, proliferation, effector function, and bioenergetics. METHODS A syngeneic B16 mouse melanoma model was performed to determine if targeting CD47 as monotherapy or in combination with anti-PD-1 impacted tumor burden. Cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells from Pmel-1 transgenic mice were used for T cell activation, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, and cellular bioenergetic assays. Single-cell RNA-sequencing, ELISA, and flow cytometry was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma of melanoma patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy to examine CD47/TSP1 expression. RESULTS Human malignant melanoma tissue had increased CD47 and TSP1 expression within the tumor microenvironment compared with benign tissue. Due to the negative implications CD47/TSP1 can have on antitumor immune responses, we targeted CD47 in a melanoma model and observed a decrease in tumor burden due to increased tumor oxygen saturation and granzyme B secreting CD8+ T cells compared with wild-type tumors. Additionally, Pmel-1 CD8+ T cells exposed to TSP1 had reduced activation, proliferation, and effector function against B16 melanoma cells. Targeting CD47 allowed CD8+ T cells to overcome this TSP1 interaction to sustain these functions. TSP1 exposed CD8+ T cells have a decreased rate of glycolysis; however, targeting CD47 restored glycolysis when CD8+ T cells were exposed to TSP1, suggesting CD47 mediated metabolic reprogramming of T cells. Additionally, non-responding patients to anti-PD-1 therapy had increased T cells expressing CD47 and circulating levels of TSP1 compared with responding patients. Since CD47/TSP1 signaling axis negatively impacts CD8+ T cells and non-responding patients to anti-PD-1 therapy have increased CD47/TSP1 expression, we targeted CD47 in combination with anti-PD-1 in a melanoma model. Targeting CD47 in combination with anti-PD-1 treatment further decreased tumor burden compared with monotherapy and control. CONCLUSION CD47/TSP1 expression could serve as a marker to predict patient response to immune checkpoint blockade treatment, and targeting this pathway may preserve T cell activation, proliferation, effector function, and bioenergetics to reduce tumor burden as a monotherapy or in combination with anti-PD-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Stirling
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Masaki Terabe
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam S Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mitra Kooshki
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, WInston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Liliya M Yamaleyeva
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Martha A Alexander-Miller
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lance D Miller
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pierre L Triozzi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David R Soto-Pantoja
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest Univerisity School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, WInston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Votava M, Bartolini R, Capkova L, Smetanova J, Jiri V, Kuchar M, Kalfert D, Plzak J, Bartunkova J, Strizova Z. The expression profiles of CD47 in the tumor microenvironment of salivary gland cancers: a next step in histology-driven immunotherapy. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1021. [PMID: 36171566 PMCID: PMC9520840 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) are extremely rare malignancies with only limited treatment options for the metastatic phase of the disease. Treatment with anti-CD47 antibodies could represent a potent therapy for SGCs by promoting the phagocytic clearance of tumor cells through various mechanisms. However, the efficacy of anti-CD47 therapy is largely dependent on the expression of CD47 within the tumor microenvironment (TME). MATERIALS AND METHODS In 43 patients with SGC, we were the first to investigate the CD47 expression in both tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) in the center and periphery of primary tumors. We also correlated the data with the clinicopathological variables of the patients and offered novel insights into the potential effectiveness of anti-CD47 therapy in SGCs. RESULTS We observed that the CD47+ tumor cells are outnumbered by CD47+ TIICs in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In the tumor center, the proportion of CD47+ tumor cells was comparable to the proportion of CD47+ TIICs in most histological subtypes. In low-grade tumors, significantly higher expression of CD47 was observed in TIICs in the periphery of the tumor as compared to the center of the tumor. CONCLUSION The reason for a high expression of 'don't eat me' signals in TIICs in the tumor periphery is unclear. However, we hypothesize that in the tumor periphery, upregulation of CD47 in TIICs could be a mechanism to protect newly recruited leukocytes from macrophage-mediated phagocytosis, while also allowing the removal of old or exhausted leukocytes in the tumor center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Votava
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Robin Bartolini
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TT, UK
| | - Linda Capkova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Smetanova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Vachtenheim Jiri
- Third Department of Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kuchar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Bulovka, 18081, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Kalfert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plzak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Strizova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic.
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20
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Abstract
CD47 is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of cells and plays a critical role in self-recognition. By interacting with SIRPα, TSP-1 and integrins, CD47 modulates cellular phagocytosis by macrophages, determines life span of individual erythrocytes, regulates activation of immune cells, and manipulates synaptic pruning during neuronal development. As such, CD47 has recently be regarded as one of novel innate checkpoint receptor targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will discuss increasing awareness about the diverse functions of CD47 and its role in immune system homeostasis. Then, we will discuss its potential therapeutic roles against cancer and outlines, the possible future research directions of CD47- based therapeutics against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuangshuang Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shusheng Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Shusheng Che,
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21
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Lian GY, Wan Y, Mak TSK, Wang QM, Zhang J, Chen J, Wang ZY, Li M, Tang PMK, Huang XR, Lee CS, Yu XQ, Lan HY. Self-carried nanodrug (SCND-SIS3): A targeted therapy for lung cancer with superior biocompatibility and immune boosting effects. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121730. [PMID: 35995622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a well-known key mediator for the progression and metastasis of lung carcinoma. However, cost-effective anti-TGF-β therapeutics for lung cancer remain to be explored. Specifically, the low efficacy in drug delivery greatly limits the clinical application of small molecular inhibitors of TGF-β. In the present study, specific inhibitor of Smad3 (SIS3) is developed into a self-carried nanodrug (SCND-SIS3) using the reprecipitation method, which largely improves its solubility and bioavailability while reduces its nephrotoxicity. Compared to unmodified-SIS3, SCND-SIS3 demonstrates better anti-cancer effects through inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, and boosting NK cell-mediated immune responses in syngeneic Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) mouse model. Better still, it could achieve comparable anti-cancer effect with just one-fifth the dose of unmodified-SIS3. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing analysis and cytokine array results unveil a TGF-β/Smad3-dependent immunoregulatory landscape in NK cells. In particular, SCND-SIS3 promotes NK cell cytotoxicity by ameliorating Smad3-mediated transcriptional inhibition of Ndrg1. Furthermore, improved NK cell cytotoxicity by SCND-SIS3 is associated with higher expression of activation receptor Nkp46, and suppressed levels of Trib3 and TSP1 as compared with unmodified-SIS3. Taken together, SCND-SIS3 possesses superior anti-cancer effects with enhanced bioavailability and biocompatibility, therefore representing as a novel therapeutic strategy for lung carcinoma with promising clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yu Lian
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingpeng Wan
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Thomas Shiu-Kwong Mak
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qing-Ming Wang
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaoyi Chen
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Xue-Qing Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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22
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Macedo AB, Levinger C, Nguyen BN, Richard J, Gupta M, Cruz CRY, Finzi A, Chiappinelli KB, Crandall KA, Bosque A. The HIV Latency Reversal Agent HODHBt Enhances NK Cell Effector and Memory-Like Functions by Increasing Interleukin-15-Mediated STAT Activation. J Virol 2022; 96:e0037222. [PMID: 35867565 PMCID: PMC9364794 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00372-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elimination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoirs is a critical endpoint to eradicate HIV. One therapeutic intervention against latent HIV is "shock and kill." This strategy is based on the transcriptional activation of latent HIV with a latency-reversing agent (LRA) with the consequent killing of the reactivated cell by either the cytopathic effect of HIV or the immune system. We have previously found that the small molecule 3-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-one (HODHBt) acts as an LRA by increasing signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) factor activation mediated by interleukin-15 (IL-15) in cells isolated from aviremic participants. The IL-15 superagonist N-803 is currently under clinical investigation to eliminate latent reservoirs. IL-15 and N-803 share similar mechanisms of action by promoting the activation of STATs and have shown some promise in preclinical models directed toward HIV eradication. In this work, we evaluated the ability of HODHBt to enhance IL-15 signaling in natural killer (NK) cells and the biological consequences associated with increased STAT activation in NK cell effector and memory-like functions. We showed that HODHBt increased IL-15-mediated STAT phosphorylation in NK cells, resulting in increases in the secretion of CXCL-10 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and the expression of cytotoxic proteins, including granzyme B, granzyme A, perforin, granulysin, FASL, and TRAIL. This increased cytotoxic profile results in increased cytotoxicity against HIV-infected cells and different tumor cell lines. HODHBt also improved the generation of cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells. Overall, our data demonstrate that enhancing the magnitude of IL-15 signaling with HODHBt favors NK cell cytotoxicity and memory-like generation, and thus, targeting this pathway could be further explored for HIV cure interventions. IMPORTANCE Several clinical trials targeting the HIV latent reservoir with LRAs have been completed. In spite of a lack of clinical benefit, they have been crucial to elucidate hurdles that "shock and kill" strategies have to overcome to promote an effective reduction of the latent reservoir to lead to a cure. These hurdles include low reactivation potential mediated by LRAs, the negative influence of some LRAs on the activity of natural killer and effector CD8 T cells, an increased resistance to apoptosis of latently infected cells, and an exhausted immune system due to chronic inflammation. To that end, finding therapeutic strategies that can overcome some of these challenges could improve the outcome of shock and kill strategies aimed at HIV eradication. Here, we show that the LRA HODHBt also improves IL-15-mediated NK cell effector and memory-like functions. As such, pharmacological enhancement of IL-15-mediated STAT activation can open new therapeutic avenues toward an HIV cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B. Macedo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Callie Levinger
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bryan N. Nguyen
- Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mamta Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- GW Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Conrad Russell Y. Cruz
- GW Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katherine B. Chiappinelli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- GW Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Keith A. Crandall
- Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alberto Bosque
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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23
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Chan C, Lustig M, Baumann N, Valerius T, van Tetering G, Leusen JHW. Targeting Myeloid Checkpoint Molecules in Combination With Antibody Therapy: A Novel Anti-Cancer Strategy With IgA Antibodies? Front Immunol 2022; 13:932155. [PMID: 35865547 PMCID: PMC9295600 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with therapeutic antibodies has shown a lack of durable responses in some patients due to resistance mechanisms. Checkpoint molecules expressed by tumor cells have a deleterious impact on clinical responses to therapeutic antibodies. Myeloid checkpoints, which negatively regulate macrophage and neutrophil anti-tumor responses, are a novel type of checkpoint molecule. Myeloid checkpoint inhibition is currently being studied in combination with IgG-based immunotherapy. In contrast, the combination with IgA-based treatment has received minimal attention. IgA antibodies have been demonstrated to more effectively attract and activate neutrophils than their IgG counterparts. Therefore, myeloid checkpoint inhibition could be an interesting addition to IgA treatment and has the potential to significantly enhance IgA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chilam Chan
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marta Lustig
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Niklas Baumann
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Valerius
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Geert van Tetering
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jeanette H. W. Leusen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jeanette H. W. Leusen,
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24
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Huang J, Liu F, Li C, Liang X, Li C, Liu Y, Yi Z, Zhang L, Fu S, Zeng Y. Role of CD47 in tumor immunity: a potential target for combination therapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9803. [PMID: 35697717 PMCID: PMC9192775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD47 performs a vital function in cancer therapy by binding to different SIRPα, thrombospondin 1, and integrin. However, its role in tumor immunity and its correlation with prognosis among many cancer types remain unknown. The raw mRNA expression data of CD47 in cancer patients was downloaded from TCGA and GTEx datasets. The protein expression of CD47 was detected using a microarray. Kaplan Meier analysis and forest plot were performed to compare the effects of high and low expression of CD47 on overall survival in different cancers. In addition, the correlations between CD47 expression and immune cell infiltration, stromal components, immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) were analyzed from the public database. The gene function was determined by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The expressions of CD47 in CHOL, COAD, ESCA, HNSC, KIRC, STAD, and THCA were higher compared with normal tissues. Elevated expression of CD47 predicted poor prognosis in ACC, KICH, KIRP, LGG, PAAD and UCEC. CD47 expression was strongly associated with immune infiltrating cells among KICH, KIRP, LGG, and PAAD. In addition, significant positive correlations with most immune checkpoint genes including PDCD 1 (PD-1), CD274 (PD-L1), CTLA4 in BLCA, DLBC, KICH, KIRC, LUAD, LUSC, PAAD, PCPG, SKCM, STAD, UCEC, and UVM was noted for the expression of CD47. GSEA analysis demonstrated that CD47 was a key regulator in metabolism-related pathways. These findings provide novel evidence that CD47 could be utilized as a promising prognostic biomarker and combination treatment target in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Psychiatry Department and Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders and National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangkun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xisong Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chuntao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenjie Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Fu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 72 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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25
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Chen M, Wang H, Guo H, Zhang Y, Chen L. Systematic Investigation of Biocompatible Cationic Polymeric Nucleic Acid Carriers for Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:85. [PMID: 35008249 PMCID: PMC8750096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third-largest cause of cancer death worldwide, while immunotherapy is rapidly being developed to fight HCC with great potential. Nucleic acid drugs are the most important modulators in HCC immunotherapy. To boost the efficacy of therapeutics and amplify the efficiency of genetic materials, biocompatible polymers are commonly used. However, under the strong need of a summary for current developments of biocompatible polymeric nucleic acid carriers for immunotherapy of HCC, there is rare review article specific to this topic to our best knowledge. In this article, we will discuss the current progress of immunotherapy for HCC, biocompatible cationic polymers (BCPs) as nucleic acid carriers used (or potential) to fight HCC, the roles of biocompatible polymeric carriers for nucleic acid delivery, and nucleic acid delivery by biocompatible polymers for immunotherapy. At the end, we will conclude the review and discuss future perspectives. This article discusses biocompatible polymeric nucleic acid carriers for immunotherapy of HCC from multidiscipline perspectives and provides a new insight in this domain. We believe this review will be interesting to polymer chemists, pharmacists, clinic doctors, and PhD students in related disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Chen
- Shanghai Public Health Clinic Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (M.C.); (H.W.); (H.G.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinic Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (M.C.); (H.W.); (H.G.)
| | - Hongying Guo
- Shanghai Public Health Clinic Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (M.C.); (H.W.); (H.G.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Shanghai Public Health Clinic Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (M.C.); (H.W.); (H.G.)
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26
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Billerhart M, Schönhofer M, Schueffl H, Polzer W, Pichler J, Decker S, Taschauer A, Maier J, Anton M, Eckmann S, Blaschek M, Heffeter P, Sami H, Ogris M. CD47-targeted cancer immunogene therapy: Secreted SIRPα-Fc fusion protein eradicates tumors by macrophage and NK cell activation. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 23:192-204. [PMID: 34729396 PMCID: PMC8526499 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CD47 protects healthy cells from macrophage attack by binding to signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), while its upregulation in cancer prevents immune clearance. Systemic treatment with CD47 antibodies requires a weakened Fc-mediated effector function or lower CD47-binding affinity to prevent side effects. Our approach combines “the best of both worlds,” i.e., maximized CD47 binding and full Fc-mediated immune activity, by exploiting gene therapy for paracrine release. We developed a plasmid vector encoding for the secreted fusion protein sCV1-hIgG1, comprising highly efficient CD47-blocking moiety CV1 and Fc domain of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with maximized immune activation. sCV1-hIgG1 exhibited a potent bystander effect, blocking CD47 on all cells via fusion protein secreted from only a fraction of cells or when transferring transfection supernatant to untransfected cells. The CpG-free plasmid ensured sustained secretion of sCV1-hIgG1. In orthotopic human triple-negative breast cancer in CB17-severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, ex vivo transfection significantly delayed tumor growth and eradicated one-third of tumors. In intratumoral transfection experiments, CD47 blockage and increased migration of macrophages into the tumor were observed within 17 h of a single injection. Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated lysis of sCV1-hIgG1-expressing cells was demonstrated in vitro. Taken together, this approach also opens the opportunity to block, in principle, any immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Billerhart
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Schönhofer
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hemma Schueffl
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Polzer
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Pichler
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Decker
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Taschauer
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Maier
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Anton
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Eckmann
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Blaschek
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Haider Sami
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Ogris
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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27
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Abstract
Simple Summary The interaction between cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) on cancer cells and signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) on immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, generates a “don’t eat me” signal. This is a common mechanism that provides cancer cells an escape from the innate immune system. Several therapeutics directed to CD47 or SIRPα have entered early clinical trials in recent years. In this article, we review the role of CD47/SIRPα axis in cancer, and summarize the literature on the efficacy and safety of therapeutics targeting CD47 or SIRPα. We also discuss the future implementation of these therapeutics in the treatments of various cancer types. Abstract In the past decade, the field of cancer immunotherapy has rapidly advanced, establishing a crucial role for immune checkpoint blockers in the treatment of a variety of cancer types. In parallel with these remarkable clinical developments, further efforts have focused on ways of unleashing adaptive immune responses against cancer. CD47, a cell surface molecule overexpressed by several cancer types that facilitates immune escape from macrophages, dendritic cells and natural killer cells, and its ligand SIRPα, have emerged as potential therapeutic targets. A number of agents directed to CD47/SIRPα have been developed and demonstrated preclinical activity. Early phase clinical trials are investigating CD47/SIRPα directed agents with available data, suggesting safety and preliminary activity. Herein, we provide an overview of the mechanistic rationale of targeting CD47/SIRPα axis and associated clinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Dizman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Elizabeth I. Buchbinder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Correspondence:
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28
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Tan Y, Chen H, Zhang J, Cai L, Jin S, Song D, Yang T, Guo Z, Wang X. Platinum(IV) complexes as inhibitors of CD47-SIRPα axis for chemoimmunotherapy of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 229:114047. [PMID: 34915428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytosis of cancer cells by antigen presenting cells (APCs) is critical to activate the host's immune responses. However, the targeting ability of APCs to cancer cells is limited by the upregulation of transmembrane protein CD47 on the cancer cell surface. Blocking CD47 can affect the macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Two platinum-based immunomodulators MUP and DMUP were synthesized to enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages by blocking the CD47-SIRPα axis. These PtIV complexes not only showed high antiproliferative activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines, but also cooperated with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to suppress cancer cells. They acted as immune checkpoint inhibitors to modulate the immune responses of both cancer and immune cells. In particular, DMUP decreased the expression of CD47 in tumor tissues and promoted the polarization of macrophages from M2 to M1 phenotype in a mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer, thereby enhancing the anticancer effect. By interfering with DNA synthesis and stimulating immune system, DMUP takes the advantage of chemotherapy and immunotherapy to inhibit cancer cells. The dual efficacy of DMUP makes it a potential chemoimmunotherapeutic agent in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Hanhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Linxiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Suxing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Dongfan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Nanchuang (Jiangsu) Institute of Chemistry and Health, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing, 210000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Nanchuang (Jiangsu) Institute of Chemistry and Health, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing, 210000, PR China.
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Mormino A, Cocozza G, Fontemaggi G, Valente S, Esposito V, Santoro A, Bernardini G, Santoni A, Fazi F, Mai A, Limatola C, Garofalo S. Histone-deacetylase 8 drives the immune response and the growth of glioma. Glia 2021; 69:2682-2698. [PMID: 34310727 PMCID: PMC8457175 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many epigenetic modifications occur in glioma, in particular the histone-deacetylase class proteins play a pivotal role in glioma development, driving the proliferation rate and the invasiveness of tumor cells, and modulating the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we evaluated the role of the histone deacetylase HDAC8 in the regulation of the immune response in glioma and tumor growth. We found that inhibition of HDAC8 by the specific inhibitor PCI-34051 reduces tumor volume in glioma mouse models. We reported that HDAC8 modulates the viability and the migration of human and murine glioma cells. Interestingly, HDAC8 inhibition increases the acetylation of alpha-tubulin, suggesting this epigenetic modification controls glioma migration. Furthermore, we identify HDAC8 as a key molecule that supports a poorly immunogenic tumor microenvironment, modulating microglial phenotype and regulating the gene transcription of NKG2D ligands that trigger the Natural Killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity of tumor cells. Altogether, these results identify HDAC8 as a key actor in glioma growth and tumor microenvironment, and pave the way to a better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of immune escape in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit“Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute – IFORomeItaly
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and TechnologiesSapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilliItaly
- Department of Neurology and PsychiatrySapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Department of Neurology and PsychiatrySapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur ItaliaSapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | | | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur ItaliaSapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and TechnologiesSapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Cristina Limatola
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilliItaly
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur ItaliaSapienza UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Stefano Garofalo
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySapienza UniversityRomeItaly
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Sharp RC, Brown ME, Shapiro MR, Posgai AL, Brusko TM. The Immunoregulatory Role of the Signal Regulatory Protein Family and CD47 Signaling Pathway in Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:739048. [PMID: 34603322 PMCID: PMC8481641 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.739048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) involves complex genetic susceptibility that impacts pathways regulating host immunity and the target of autoimmune attack, insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Interactions between risk variants and environmental factors result in significant heterogeneity in clinical presentation among those who develop T1D. Although genetic risk is dominated by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II and insulin (INS) gene loci, nearly 150 additional risk variants are significantly associated with the disease, including polymorphisms in immune checkpoint molecules, such as SIRPG. Scope of Review In this review, we summarize the literature related to the T1D-associated risk variants in SIRPG, which include a protein-coding variant (rs6043409, G>A; A263V) and an intronic polymorphism (rs2281808, C>T), and their potential impacts on the immunoregulatory signal regulatory protein (SIRP) family:CD47 signaling axis. We discuss how dysregulated expression or function of SIRPs and CD47 in antigen-presenting cells (APCs), T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and pancreatic β-cells could potentially promote T1D development. Major Conclusions We propose a hypothesis, supported by emerging genetic and functional immune studies, which states a loss of proper SIRP:CD47 signaling may result in increased lymphocyte activation and cytotoxicity and enhanced β-cell destruction. Thus, we present several novel therapeutic strategies for modulation of SIRPs and CD47 to intervene in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Sharp
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Matthew E Brown
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Melanie R Shapiro
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Amanda L Posgai
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Kruglov O, Johnson LDS, Minic A, Jordan K, Uger RA, Wong M, Sievers EL, Shou Y, Akilov OE. The pivotal role of cytotoxic NK cells in mediating the therapeutic effect of anti-CD47 therapy in mycosis fungoides. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:919-932. [PMID: 34519839 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
CD47 is frequently overexpressed on tumor cells and is an attractive therapeutic target. The mechanism by which anti-CD47 immunotherapy eliminates cutaneous lymphoma has not been explored. We utilized CRISPR/Cas-9 CD47 knock-out, depletion of NK cells, and mice genetically deficient in IFN-γ to elucidate the mechanism of anti-CD47 therapy in a murine model of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). CD47 was found to be a crucial factor for tumor progression since CD47 KO CTCL exhibited a delay in tumor growth. The treatment of CD47 WT murine CTCL with anti-CD47 antibodies led to a significant reduction in tumor burden as early as four days after the first treatment and accompanied by an increased percentage of cytotoxic NK cells at the tumor site. The depletion of NK cells resulted in marked attenuation of the anti-tumor effect of anti-CD47. Notably, the treatment of CD47 WT tumors in IFN-γ KO mice with anti-CD47 antibodies was efficient, demonstrating that IFN-γ was not required to mediate anti-CD47 therapy. We were able to potentiate the therapeutic effect of anti-CD47 therapy by IFN-α. That combination resulted in an increased number of cytotoxic CD107a + IFN-γ-NK1.1 cells and intermediate CD62L + NKG2a-NK1.1. Correlative data from a clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02890368) in patients with CTCL utilizing SIRPαFc to block CD47 confirmed our in vivo observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Kruglov
- Cutaneous Lymphoma Program, Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, 3708 Fifth Avenue, 5th Floor, Suite 500.68, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | | | - Angela Minic
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kimberly Jordan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Mark Wong
- Trillium Therapeutics Inc, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | | | - Yaping Shou
- Trillium Therapeutics Inc, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Oleg E Akilov
- Cutaneous Lymphoma Program, Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, 3708 Fifth Avenue, 5th Floor, Suite 500.68, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena M, Del Rincón-Loza I, Martín-Antonio B. Tumor Secretome to Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy: Reduce Me Before I Make You My Partner. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717850. [PMID: 34447383 PMCID: PMC8382692 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells are common immune cell sources administered to treat cancer patients. In detail, whereas CAR-T cells induce outstanding responses in a subset of hematological malignancies, responses are much more deficient in solid tumors. Moreover, NK cells have not shown remarkable results up to date. In general, immune cells present high plasticity to change their activity and phenotype depending on the stimuli they receive from molecules secreted in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consequently, immune cells will also secrete molecules that will shape the activities of other neighboring immune and tumor cells. Specifically, NK cells can polarize to activities as diverse as angiogenic ones instead of their killer activity. In addition, tumor cell phagocytosis by macrophages, which is required to remove dying tumor cells after the attack of NK cells or CAR-T cells, can be avoided in the TME. In addition, chemotherapy or radiotherapy treatments can induce senescence in tumor cells modifying their secretome to a known as “senescence-associated secretory phenotype” (SASP) that will also impact the immune response. Whereas the SASP initially attracts immune cells to eliminate senescent tumor cells, at high numbers of senescent cells, the SASP becomes detrimental, impacting negatively in the immune response. Last, CAR-T cells are an attractive option to overcome these events. Here, we review how molecules secreted in the TME by either tumor cells or even by immune cells impact the anti-tumor activity of surrounding immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Diaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Del Rincón-Loza
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Diaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-Antonio
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Diaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Simple Summary Natural killer (NK) cells are circulating innate lymphocytes endowed with antitumoral functions. NK cells are the innate counterpart of effector T cells and among the first cells responding to infections and tumors. In this review, the immune circuits regulating the NK cell antitumoral functions and the possible strategies to shape natural killing in cancer will be discussed. Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells playing an important role in anti-cancer immunity. NK cells are efficient in controlling the spreading of metastasis but are not very powerful in fighting against primary tumors. The NK cell capability to infiltrate and persist in the tumor microenvironment and to exert their antitumoral functions is often limited by tumor escape mechanisms. These tumor-mediated strategies not only induce NK cell tolerance but also interfere with the NK cell-dependent immune networking. This review will provide an overview of the tumor escape mechanisms impacting NK cells, identify the immune circuits regulating the NK cell-dependent antitumor immunity and revise the emerging therapeutic approaches to unleash NK cells in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Mattiola
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany;
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Kaur S, Bronson SM, Pal-Nath D, Miller TW, Soto-Pantoja DR, Roberts DD. Functions of Thrombospondin-1 in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4570. [PMID: 33925464 PMCID: PMC8123789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of thrombospondin-1 as an angiogenesis inhibitor in 1990 prompted interest in its role in cancer biology and potential as a therapeutic target. Decreased thrombospondin-1 mRNA and protein expression are associated with progression in several cancers, while expression by nonmalignant cells in the tumor microenvironment and circulating levels in cancer patients can be elevated. THBS1 is not a tumor suppressor gene, but the regulation of its expression in malignant cells by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes mediates some of their effects on carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. In addition to regulating angiogenesis and perfusion of the tumor vasculature, thrombospondin-1 limits antitumor immunity by CD47-dependent regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells. Conversely, thrombospondin-1 is a component of particles released by immune cells that mediate tumor cell killing. Thrombospondin-1 differentially regulates the sensitivity of malignant and nonmalignant cells to genotoxic stress caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The diverse activities of thrombospondin-1 to regulate autophagy, senescence, stem cell maintenance, extracellular vesicle function, and metabolic responses to ischemic and genotoxic stress are mediated by several cell surface receptors and by regulating the functions of several secreted proteins. This review highlights progress in understanding thrombospondin-1 functions in cancer and the challenges that remain in harnessing its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.K.); (D.P.-N.)
| | - Steven M. Bronson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA;
| | - Dipasmita Pal-Nath
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.K.); (D.P.-N.)
| | - Thomas W. Miller
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France
| | - David R. Soto-Pantoja
- Department of Surgery and Department of Cancer Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - David D. Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.K.); (D.P.-N.)
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35
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Abstract
The thrombospondin family comprises of five multifunctional glycoproteins, whose best-studied member is thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). This matricellular protein is a potent antiangiogenic agent that inhibits endothelial migration and proliferation, and induces endothelial apoptosis. Studies have demonstrated a regulatory role of TSP1 in cell migration and in activation of the latent transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). These functions of TSP1 translate into its broad modulation of immune processes. Further, imbalances in immune regulation have been increasingly linked to pathological conditions such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. While most studies in the past have focused on the role of TSP1 in cancer and inflammation, recently published data have revealed new insights about the role of TSP1 in physiological and metabolic disorders. Here, we highlight recent findings that associate TSP1 and its receptors to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. TSP1 regulates nitric oxide, activates latent TGFβ1, and interacts with receptors CD36 and CD47, to play an important role in cell metabolism. Thus, TSP1 and its major receptors may be considered a potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S. Gutierrez
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, PA, United States
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36
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Peterson EE, Barry KC. The Natural Killer-Dendritic Cell Immune Axis in Anti-Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 11:621254. [PMID: 33613552 PMCID: PMC7886798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.621254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial mediators of productive immune responses to infection and disease. NK cells and a subtype of DCs, the type 1 conventional DCs (cDC1s), are individually important for regulating immune responses to cancer in mice and humans. Recent work has found that NK cells and cDC1s engage in intercellular cross-talk integral to initiating and coordinating adaptive immunity to cancer. This NK cell-cDC1 axis has been linked to increased overall survival and responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma patients. Here, we review recent findings on the role of NK cells and cDC1s in protective immune responses to cancer and immunotherapy, as well as current therapies targeting this NK cell-cDC1 axis. Further, we explore the concept that intercellular cross-talk between NK cells and cDC1s may be key for many of the positive prognostic associations seen with NK cells and DCs individually. It is clear that increasing our understanding of the NK cell-cDC1 innate immune cell axis will be critical for the generation of novel therapies that can modulate anti-cancer immunity and increase patient responses to common immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Peterson
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kevin C Barry
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
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Cheng ZF, Li HK, Yang HP, Lee CY, Tang SW, Lin YL, Hsiao SC. A novel endogenous CD16-Expressing Natural Killer Cell for cancer immunotherapy. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100935. [PMID: 33644421 PMCID: PMC7889824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, as a potential source for off-the-shelf cell therapy, attack tumor cells with low risk of severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Fcγ receptor IIIA, also known as CD16, further confers NK cells with antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), one mechanism of action of antibody-based immunotherapy. Here, we establish a novel human NK cell line, oNK-1, endogenously expressing CD16 along with high levels of NK activation markers and low levels of NK inhibitory markers. The long-term expansion and CD16 expression of oNK-1 cells were demonstrated. Furthermore, oNK-1 cells elicit superior cytotoxicity against cancer cells than primary NK cells. In conclusion, this study suggests that endogenous CD16-expressing oNK-1 has the potential to develop an effective NK-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao-Kang Li
- Acepodia Biotech Inc. San Mateo, California, USA
| | | | - Chia-Yun Lee
- Acepodia Biotech Inc. San Mateo, California, USA
| | - Sai-Wen Tang
- Acepodia Biotech Inc. San Mateo, California, USA
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Kim N, Lee DH, Choi WS, Yi E, Kim H, Kim JM, Jin HS, Kim HS. Harnessing NK cells for cancer immunotherapy: immune checkpoint receptors and chimeric antigen receptors. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 33298244 PMCID: PMC7851441 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.1.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, key antitumor effectors of the innate immune system, are endowed with the unique ability to spontaneously eliminate cells undergoing a neoplastic transformation. Given their broad reactivity against diverse types of cancer and close association with cancer prognosis, NK cells have gained considerable attention as a promising therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. NK cell-based therapies have demonstrated favorable clinical efficacies in several hematological malignancies but limited success in solid tumors, thus highlighting the need to develop new therapeutic strategies to restore and optimize antitumor activity while preventing tumor immune escape. The current therapeutic modalities yielding encouraging results in clinical trials include the blockade of immune checkpoint receptors to overcome the immune-evasion mechanism used by tumors and the incorporation of tumor-directed chimeric antigen receptors to enhance NK cell antitumor specificity and activity. These observations, together with recent advances in the understanding of NK cell activation within the tumor microenvironment, will facilitate the optimal design of NK cell-based therapy against a broad range of cancers and, more desirably, refractory cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kim
- Department of Convergence MedicineAsan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Lee
- Department of Convergence MedicineAsan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Woo Seon Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center (SCIRC), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Eunbi Yi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center (SCIRC), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - HyoJeong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center (SCIRC), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyung-Seung Jin
- Department of Convergence MedicineAsan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hun Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center (SCIRC), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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Kaur S, Isenberg JS, Roberts DD. CD47 (Cluster of Differentiation 47). Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol 2021; 25:83-102. [PMID: 34707698 PMCID: PMC8547767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CD47, also known as integrin-associated protein, is a constitutively and ubiquitously expressed transmembrane receptor. CD47 is conserved across amniotes including mammals, reptiles, and birds. Expression is increased in many cancers and, in non-malignant cells, by stress and with aging. The up-regulation of CD47 expression is generally epigenetic, whereas gene amplification occurs with low frequency in some cancers. CD47 is a high affinity signaling receptor for the secreted protein thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) and the counter-receptor for signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPA, SIRPα) and SIRPγ (SIRPG). CD47 interaction with SIRPα serves as a marker of self to innate immune cells and thereby protects cancer cells from phagocytic clearance. Consequently, higher CD47 correlates with a poor prognosis in some cancers, and therapeutic blockade can suppress tumor growth by enhancing innate antitumor immunity. CD47 expressed on cytotoxic T cells, dendritic cells, and NK cells mediates inhibitory THBS1 signaling that further limits antitumor immunity. CD47 laterally associates with several integrins and thereby regulates cell adhesion and migration. CD47 has additional lateral binding partners in specific cell types, and ligation of CD47 in some cases modulates their function. THBS1-CD47 signaling in non-malignant cells inhibits nitric oxide/cGMP, calcium, and VEGF signaling, mitochondrial homeostasis, stem cell maintenance, protective autophagy, and DNA damage response, and promotes NADPH oxidase activity. CD47 signaling is a physiological regulator of platelet activation, angiogenesis and blood flow. THBS1/CD47 signaling is frequently dysregulated in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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40
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Jiang ZB, Huang JM, Xie YJ, Zhang YZ, Chang C, Lai HL, Wang W, Yao XJ, Fan XX, Wu QB, Xie C, Wang MF, Leung ELH. Evodiamine suppresses non-small cell lung cancer by elevating CD8 + T cells and downregulating the MUC1-C/PD-L1 axis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:249. [PMID: 33208183 PMCID: PMC7677782 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence showed that regulating tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in improving antitumor efficiency. Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in many cancer cell types, while its binding partner Programmed Death 1 (PD1) is expressed in activated T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Whereas, its dysregulation in the microenvironment is poorly understood. In the present study, we confirmed that evodiamine downregulates MUC1-C, resulting in modulating PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Cell viability was measured by MTT assays. Apoptosis, cell cycle and surface PD-L1 expression on NSCLC cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of MUC1-C and PD-L1 mRNA was measured by real time RT-PCR methods. Protein expression was examined in evodiamine-treated NSCLC cells using immunoblotting or immunofluorescence assays. The effects of evodiamine treatment on NSCLC sensitivity towards T cells were investigated using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Jurkat, apoptosis and IL-2 secretion assays. Female H1975 xenograft nude mice were used to assess the effect of evodiamine on tumorigenesis in vivo. Lewis lung carcinoma model was used to investigate the therapeutic effects of combination evodiamine and anti-PD-1 treatment. Results We showed that evodiamine significantly inhibited growth, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2 phase of NSCLC cells. Evodiamine suppressed IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression in H1975 and H1650. MUC1-C mRNA and protein expression were decreased by evodiamine in NSCLC cells as well. Evodiamine could downregulate the PD-L1 expression and diminish the apoptosis of T cells. It inhibited MUC1-C expression and potentiated CD8+ T cell effector function. Meanwhile, evodiamine showed good anti-tumor activity in H1975 tumor xenograft, which reduced tumor size. Evodiamine exhibited anti-tumor activity by elevation of CD8+ T cells in vivo in Lewis lung carcinoma model. Combination evodiamine and anti-PD-1 mAb treatment enhanced tumor growth control and survival of mice. Conclusions Evodiamine can suppress NSCLC by elevating of CD8+ T cells and downregulating of the MUC1-C/PD-L1 axis. Our findings uncover a novel mechanism of action of evodiamine and indicate that evodiamine represents a potential targeted agent suitable to be combined with immunotherapeutic approaches to treat NSCLC cancer patients. MUC1-C overexpression is common in female, non-smoker, patients with advanced-stage adenocarcinoma. Supplementary Information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s13046-020-01741-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Ju-Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Ya-Jia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Yi- Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Chan Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan, China
| | - Huan-Ling Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Qi-Biao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Chun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China
| | - Mei-Fang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan, China.
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Macao, Taipa Macau (SAR), China. .,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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Lanitis E, Rota G, Kosti P, Ronet C, Spill A, Seijo B, Romero P, Dangaj D, Coukos G, Irving M. Optimized gene engineering of murine CAR-T cells reveals the beneficial effects of IL-15 coexpression. J Exp Med 2020; 218:211522. [PMID: 33156338 PMCID: PMC7653685 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited clinical benefit has been demonstrated for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy of solid tumors, but coengineering strategies to generate so-called fourth-generation (4G) CAR-T cells are advancing toward overcoming barriers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) for improved responses. In large part due to technical challenges, there are relatively few preclinical CAR therapy studies in immunocompetent, syngeneic tumor-bearing mice. Here, we describe optimized methods for the efficient retroviral transduction and expansion of murine T lymphocytes of a predominantly central memory T cell (TCM cell) phenotype. We present a bicistronic retroviral vector encoding both a tumor vasculature–targeted CAR and murine interleukin-15 (mIL-15), conferring enhanced effector functions, engraftment, tumor control, and TME reprogramming, including NK cell activation and reduced presence of M2 macrophages. The 4G-CAR-T cells coexpressing mIL-15 were further characterized by up-regulation of the antiapoptotic marker Bcl-2 and lower cell-surface expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1. Overall, this work introduces robust tools for the development and evaluation of 4G-CAR-T cells in immunocompetent mice, an important step toward the acceleration of effective therapies reaching the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evripidis Lanitis
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giorgia Rota
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paris Kosti
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Ronet
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Bili Seijo
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denarda Dangaj
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melita Irving
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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42
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Qin S, Jiang J, Lu Y, Nice EC, Huang C, Zhang J, He W. Emerging role of tumor cell plasticity in modifying therapeutic response. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:228. [PMID: 33028808 PMCID: PMC7541492 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to cancer therapy is a major barrier to cancer management. Conventional views have proposed that acquisition of resistance may result from genetic mutations. However, accumulating evidence implicates a key role of non-mutational resistance mechanisms underlying drug tolerance, the latter of which is the focus that will be discussed here. Such non-mutational processes are largely driven by tumor cell plasticity, which renders tumor cells insusceptible to the drug-targeted pathway, thereby facilitating the tumor cell survival and growth. The concept of tumor cell plasticity highlights the significance of re-activation of developmental programs that are closely correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, acquisition properties of cancer stem cells, and trans-differentiation potential during drug exposure. From observations in various cancers, this concept provides an opportunity for investigating the nature of anticancer drug resistance. Over the years, our understanding of the emerging role of phenotype switching in modifying therapeutic response has considerably increased. This expanded knowledge of tumor cell plasticity contributes to developing novel therapeutic strategies or combination therapy regimens using available anticancer drugs, which are likely to improve patient outcomes in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Road, 611137, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Feng H, Jin Z, Liu K, Peng Y, Jiang S, Wang C, Hu J, Shen X, Qiu W, Cheng X, Zhao R. Identification and validation of critical alternative splicing events and splicing factors in gastric cancer progression. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12667-12680. [PMID: 32939931 PMCID: PMC7686978 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression and alternative splicing (AS) interact in complex ways to regulate biological process which is associated with cancer development. Here, by integrated analysis of gene expression and AS events, we aimed to identify the hub AS events and splicing factors relevant in gastric cancer development (GC). RNA‐seq data, clinical data and AS events of 348 GC samples were obtained from the TCGA and TCGASpliceSeq databases. Cox univariable and multivariable analyses, KEGG and GO pathway analyses were performed to identify hub AS events and splicing factor/spliceosome genes, which were further validated in 53 GCs. By bioinformatics methods, we found that gene AS event‐ and gene expression‐mediated GC progression shared the same mechanisms, such as PI3K/AKT pathway, but the involved genes were different. Though expression of 17 hub AS events were confirmed in 53 GC tissues, only 10 AS events in seven genes were identified as critical candidates related to GC progression, notably the AS events (Exon Skip) in CLSTN1 and SEC16A. Expression of these AS events in GC correlated with activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Genes with AS events associated with clinical parameters and prognosis were different from the genes whose mRNA levels were related to clinical parameters and prognosis. Besides, we further revealed that QKI and NOVA1 were the crucial splicing factors regulating expression of AS events in GC, but not spliceosome genes. Our integrated analysis revealed hub AS events in GC development, which might be the potential therapeutic targets for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijian Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songyao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changgang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiele Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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44
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Sivori S, Della Chiesa M, Carlomagno S, Quatrini L, Munari E, Vacca P, Tumino N, Mariotti FR, Mingari MC, Pende D, Moretta L. Inhibitory Receptors and Checkpoints in Human NK Cells, Implications for the Immunotherapy of Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2156. [PMID: 33013909 PMCID: PMC7494755 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly destructive mechanisms by which the immune system faces microbial infections is under the control of a series of inhibitory receptors. While most of these receptors prevent unwanted/excessive responses of individual effector cells, others play a more general role in immunity, acting as true inhibitory checkpoints controlling both innate and adaptive immunity. Regarding human NK cells, their function is finely regulated by HLA-class I-specific inhibitory receptors which allow discrimination between HLA-I+, healthy cells and tumor or virus-infected cells displaying loss or substantial alterations of HLA-I molecules, including allelic losses that are sensed by KIRs. A number of non-HLA-specific receptors have been identified which recognize cell surface or extracellular matrix ligands and may contribute to the physiologic control of immune responses and tolerance. Among these receptors, Siglec 7 (p75/AIRM-1), LAIR-1 and IRp60, recognize ligands including sialic acids, extracellular matrix/collagen or aminophospholipids, respectively. These ligands may be expressed at the surface of tumor cells, thus inhibiting NK cell function. Expression of the PD-1 checkpoint by NK cells requires particular cytokines (IL-15, IL-12, IL-18) together with cortisol, a combination that may occur in the microenvironment of different tumors. Blocking of single or combinations of inhibitory receptors unleashes NK cells and restore their anti-tumor activity, with obvious implications for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Sivori
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariella Della Chiesa
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Carlomagno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,UOC Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Pende
- UOC Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
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45
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Abstract
The CD47-Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) singling axis acts as a crucial regulator that limits the phagocytic activity of professional phagocytes such as macrophages. Recent studies have demonstrated that the interaction between CD47 on tumor cells and SIRPα on macrophages is implicated in the ability of tumors to evade immunosurveillance. Targeting the CD47-SIRPα interaction is therefore considered to be a promising approach for cancer therapy. Herein, we review some of studies displaying the potential clinical application of antibodies and other modalities that target the CD47-SIRPα interaction. Current limitations of the CD47-SIRPα-targeted immunotherapeutic approaches are also discussed as well as other avenues for future study to improve the current strategies in targeting the CD47-SIRPα signaling axis for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
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46
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Strizova Z, Vachtenheim J, Snajdauf M, Lischke R, Bartunkova J, Smrz D. Tumoral and paratumoral NK cells and CD8 + T cells of esophageal carcinoma patients express high levels of CD47. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13936. [PMID: 32811852 PMCID: PMC7435266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a limited number of human malignancies, anti-CD47 therapy leads to the rapid clearance of tumor cells by macrophages. In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, anti-CD47 treatment has shown promising results in vitro. However, the CD47 expression pattern in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which are associated with prolonged overall survival and serve as a positive prognostic factor, is largely unknown. In this study, a total of 36 tissue samples from the tumor, peritumoral tissue, and adjacent healthy esophageal tissue was obtained from 12 esophageal carcinoma (EC) patients, and the surface expression of CD47 was evaluated in natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells, and the nonlymphocyte cell fraction. We found that the proportions of the evaluated cells and their CD47-expressing populations were comparable across the analyzed tissue compartments. However, the proportions of CD47-expressing populations in the analyzed tissue compartments were significantly higher in NK cells and CD8+ T cells than in the nonlymphocyte cell fraction. Importantly, the intensity of CD47 staining was also significantly higher in the tested immune cells than in the nonlymphocyte cell fraction. High expression of CD47 in tissue-infiltrating NK cells and CD8+ T cells in EC patients can, therefore, affect the efficacy of anti-CD47 therapy in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Strizova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Praha 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Vachtenheim
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Snajdauf
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Lischke
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Praha 5, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Smrz
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 150 06, Praha 5, Czech Republic.
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47
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Bald T, Krummel MF, Smyth MJ, Barry KC. The NK cell-cancer cycle: advances and new challenges in NK cell-based immunotherapies. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:835-847. [PMID: 32690952 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells belong to the innate immune system and contribute to protecting the host through killing of infected, foreign, stressed or transformed cells. Additionally, via cellular cross-talk, NK cells orchestrate antitumor immune responses. Hence, significant efforts have been undertaken to exploit the therapeutic properties of NK cells in cancer. Current strategies in preclinical and clinical development include adoptive transfer therapies, direct stimulation, recruitment of NK cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME), blockade of inhibitory receptors that limit NK cell functions, and therapeutic modulation of the TME to enhance antitumor NK cell function. In this Review, we introduce the NK cell-cancer cycle to highlight recent advances in NK cell biology and to discuss the progress and problems of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bald
- Oncology and Cellular Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, ImmunoX Initiative, and Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology of Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Kevin C Barry
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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48
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Kaur S, Cicalese KV, Banerjee R, Roberts DD. Preclinical and Clinical Development of Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting Functions of CD47 in the Tumor Microenvironment. Antib Ther 2020; 3:179-192. [PMID: 33244513 PMCID: PMC7687918 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is a ubiquitously expressed cell surface glycoprotein that functions as a signaling receptor for thrombospondin-1 and as the counter-receptor for signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα). Engaging SIRPα on macrophages inhibits phagocytosis, and CD47 thereby serves as a physiological marker of self. However, elevated CD47 expression on some cancer cells also protects tumors from innate immune surveillance and limits adaptive antitumor immunity via inhibitory SIRPα signaling in antigen presenting cells. CD47 also mediates inhibitory thrombospondin-1 signaling in vascular cells, T cells, and NK cells, and blocking inhibitory CD47 signaling on cytotoxic T cells directly increases tumor cell killing. Therefore, CD47 functions as an innate and adaptive immune checkpoint. These findings have led to the development of antibodies and other therapeutic approaches to block CD47 functions in the tumor microenvironment. Preclinical studies in mice demonstrated that blocking CD47 can limit the growth of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors and enhance the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and some targeted cancer therapies. Humanized CD47 antibodies are showing promise in early clinical trials, but side effects related to enhanced phagocytic clearance of circulating blood cells remain a concern. Approaches to circumvent these include antibody preloading strategies, development of antibodies that recognize tumor-specific epitopes of CD47, SIRPα antibodies, and bivalent antibodies that restrict CD47 blockade to specific tumor cells. Preclinical and clinical development of antibodies and related biologics that inhibit CD47/SIRPα signaling are reviewed, including strategies to combine these agents with various conventional and targeted therapeutics to improve patient outcome for various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kyle V Cicalese
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rajdeep Banerjee
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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49
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Zhao W, Lei A, Tian L, Wang X, Correia C, Weiskittel T, Li H, Trounson A, Fu Q, Yao K, Zhang J. Strategies for Genetically Engineering Hypoimmunogenic Universal Pluripotent Stem Cells. iScience 2020; 23:101162. [PMID: 32502965 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite progress in developing cell therapies, such as T cell or stem cell therapies to treat diseases, immunoincompatibility remains a major barrier to clinical application. Given the fact that a host's immune system may reject allogeneic transplanted cells, methods have been developed to genetically modify patients' primary cells. To advance beyond this time-consuming and costly approach, recent research efforts focus on generating universal pluripotent stem cells to benefit a broader spectrum of patients. In this review, we first summarize current achievements to harness immunosuppressive mechanisms in cells to reduce immunogenicity. Then, we discuss several recent studies demonstrating the feasibility of genetically modifying pluripotent stem cells to escape immune attack and summarize the methods to evaluate hypoimmunogenicity. Although challenges remain, progress to develop genetically engineered universal pluripotent stem cells holds the promise of expediting their use in future gene and cell therapeutics and regenerative medicine.
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Gupta A, Taslim C, Tullius BP, Cripe TP. Therapeutic modulation of the CD47-SIRPα axis in the pediatric tumor microenvironment: working up an appetite. Cancer Drug Resist 2020; 3:550-562. [PMID: 35582455 PMCID: PMC8992496 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Evasion of immune surveillance is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Although the adaptive immune system has been targeted via checkpoint inhibition, many patients do not sustain durable remissions due to the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment, so additional strategies are needed. The innate immune system has its own set of checkpoints, and tumors have co-opted this system by expressing surface receptors that inhibit phagocytosis. One of these receptors, CD47, also known as the "don't eat me" signal, has been found to be overexpressed by most cancer histologies and has been successfully targeted by antibodies blocking the receptor or its ligand, signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα). By enabling phagocytosis via antigen-presenting cells, interruption of CD47-SIRPα binding leads to earlier downstream activation of the adaptive immune system. Recent and ongoing clinical trials are demonstrating the safety and efficacy of CD47 blockade in combination with monoclonal antibodies, chemotherapy, or checkpoint inhibitors for adult cancer histologies. The aim of this review is to highlight the current literature and research on CD47, provide an impetus for investigation of its blockade in pediatric cancer histologies, and provide a rationale for new combination therapies in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Gupta
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Cenny Taslim
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Brian P. Tullius
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Timothy P. Cripe
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
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