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Manoli I, Sysol JR, Head PE, Epping MW, Gavrilova O, Crocker MK, Sloan JL, Koutsoukos SA, Wang C, Ktena YP, Mendelson S, Pass AR, Zerfas PM, Hoffmann V, Vernon HJ, Fletcher LA, Reynolds JC, Tsokos MG, Stratakis CA, Voss SD, Chen KY, Brown RJ, Hamosh A, Berry GT, Chen XS, Yanovski JA, Venditti CP. Lipodystrophy in methylmalonic acidemia associated with elevated FGF21 and abnormal methylmalonylation. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174097. [PMID: 38271099 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A distinct adipose tissue distribution pattern was observed in patients with methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency, an inborn error of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, characterized by centripetal obesity with proximal upper and lower extremity fat deposition and paucity of visceral fat, that resembles familial multiple lipomatosis syndrome. To explore brown and white fat physiology in methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), body composition, adipokines, and inflammatory markers were assessed in 46 patients with MMA and 99 matched controls. Fibroblast growth factor 21 levels were associated with acyl-CoA accretion, aberrant methylmalonylation in adipose tissue, and an attenuated inflammatory cytokine profile. In parallel, brown and white fat were examined in a liver-specific transgenic MMA mouse model (Mmut-/- TgINS-Alb-Mmut). The MMA mice exhibited abnormal nonshivering thermogenesis with whitened brown fat and had an ineffective transcriptional response to cold stress. Treatment of the MMA mice with bezafibrates led to clinical improvement with beiging of subcutaneous fat depots, which resembled the distribution seen in the patients. These studies defined what we believe to be a novel lipodystrophy phenotype in patients with defects in the terminal steps of BCAA oxidation and demonstrated that beiging of subcutaneous adipose tissue in MMA could readily be induced with small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Manoli
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute
| | - Justin R Sysol
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute
| | | | | | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
| | - Melissa K Crocker
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and
| | - Jennifer L Sloan
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute
| | | | - Cindy Wang
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute
| | - Yiouli P Ktena
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute
| | - Sophia Mendelson
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and
| | - Alexandra R Pass
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute
| | - Patricia M Zerfas
- Office of Research Services, Division of Veterinary Resources, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Office of Research Services, Division of Veterinary Resources, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hilary J Vernon
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura A Fletcher
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
| | | | - Maria G Tsokos
- Ultrastructural Pathology Section, Center for Cancer Research; and
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephan D Voss
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kong Y Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
| | - Rebecca J Brown
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
| | - Ada Hamosh
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gerard T Berry
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Shawn Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jack A Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; and
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Chorley AJ, Terkivatan T, de Jonge J, Polak WG, Tran KTC, Unkhoff C, den Hoed CM, Wagenmakers MAEM, Ijzermans JNM, Minnee RC, Boehnert MU. Successful adult domino living donor liver transplantation in methylmalonic acidemia: case report. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:12. [PMID: 38317745 PMCID: PMC10838613 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-23-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Liver transplantation (LT) is a therapeutic option in multiple inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs), including methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), as LT reduces the risk of acute metabolic decompensations and long-term complications associated with these diseases. In certain IMDs, such as maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), domino liver transplant (DLT) is an accepted and safe method which expands the donor pool. However, only one adult case of DLT using an MMA donor liver has been reported; outcome and safety are still unknown and questioned. Case Description In this case report, we describe our experience with DLT using MMA livers. Two adult MMA patients underwent living donor liver transplant (LDLT); their MMA livers were consecutively transplanted into two patients on the liver transplant waiting list who had limited chance of receiving a liver transplant in the short term due to their low model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores. No severe peri- or postoperative complications occurred, however the recipients of the MMA livers biochemically now have mild MMA. Conclusions DLT using MMA grafts is a feasible strategy to treat end-stage liver disease and expand the donor organ pool. However, the recipient of the MMA domino liver may develop mild MMA which could affect quality of life, and long-term safety remains unclear. Further long-term of outcomes for domino recipients of MMA livers, focusing on quality of life and any metabolic complications of transplantation are needed to better define the risks and benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J. Chorley
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Turkan Terkivatan
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Jonge
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wojtek G. Polak
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Khe T. C. Tran
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten Unkhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline M. den Hoed
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet A. E. M. Wagenmakers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan N. M. Ijzermans
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C. Minnee
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus U. Boehnert
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Chandler RJ, Venditti CP. Gene therapy for organic acidemias: Lessons learned from methylmalonic and propionic acidemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:63-79. [PMID: 37530705 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic acidemias (OA) are a group of rare autosomal recessive disorders of intermediary metabolism that result in a systemic elevation of organic acid. Despite optimal dietary and cofactor therapy, OA patients still suffer from potentially lethal metabolic instability and experience long-term multisystemic complications. Severely affected patients can benefit from elective liver transplantation, which restores hepatic enzymatic activity, improves metabolic stability, and provides the theoretical basis for the pursuit of gene therapy as a new treatment for patients. Because of the poor outcomes reported in those with OA, especially methylmalonic and propionic acidemia, multiple gene therapy approaches have been explored in relevant animal models. Here, we review the results of gene therapy experiments performed using MMA and PA mouse models to illustrate experimental paradigms that could be applicable for all forms of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy J Chandler
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles P Venditti
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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4
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Lucienne M, Gerlini R, Rathkolb B, Calzada-Wack J, Forny P, Wueest S, Kaech A, Traversi F, Forny M, Bürer C, Aguilar-Pimentel A, Irmler M, Beckers J, Sauer S, Kölker S, Dewulf JP, Bommer GT, Hoces D, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, Rozman J, Froese DS, Baumgartner MR, de Angelis MH. Insights into energy balance dysregulation from a mouse model of methylmalonic aciduria. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2717-2734. [PMID: 37369025 PMCID: PMC10460489 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited disorders of mitochondrial metabolism, including isolated methylmalonic aciduria, present unique challenges to energetic homeostasis by disrupting energy-producing pathways. To better understand global responses to energy shortage, we investigated a hemizygous mouse model of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (Mmut)-type methylmalonic aciduria. We found Mmut mutant mice to have reduced appetite, energy expenditure and body mass compared with littermate controls, along with a relative reduction in lean mass but increase in fat mass. Brown adipose tissue showed a process of whitening, in line with lower body surface temperature and lesser ability to cope with cold challenge. Mutant mice had dysregulated plasma glucose, delayed glucose clearance and a lesser ability to regulate energy sources when switching from the fed to fasted state, while liver investigations indicated metabolite accumulation and altered expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and Fgf21-controlled pathways. Together, these shed light on the mechanisms and adaptations behind energy imbalance in methylmalonic aciduria and provide insight into metabolic responses to chronic energy shortage, which may have important implications for disease understanding and patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lucienne
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- radiz – Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Gerlini
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Forny
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Wueest
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Children’s Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andres Kaech
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Traversi
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Merima Forny
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Bürer
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sven Sauer
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joseph P Dewulf
- Department of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guido T Bommer
- Department of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel Hoces
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - D Sean Froese
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- radiz – Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias R Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- radiz – Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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Vockley J, Burton B, Jurecka A, Ganju J, Leiro B, Zori R, Longo N. Challenges and strategies for clinical trials in propionic and methylmalonic acidemias. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 139:107612. [PMID: 37245378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Clinical trial development in rare diseases poses significant study design and methodology challenges, such as disease heterogeneity and appropriate patient selection, identification and selection of key endpoints, decisions on study duration, choice of control groups, selection of appropriate statistical analyses, and patient recruitment. Therapeutic development in organic acidemias (OAs) shares many challenges with other inborn errors of metabolism, such as incomplete understanding of natural history, heterogenous disease presentations, requirement for sensitive outcome measures and difficulties recruiting a small sample of participants. Here, we review strategies for the successful development of a clinical trial to evaluate treatment response in propionic and methylmalonic acidemias. Specifically, we discuss crucial decisions that may significantly impact success of the study, including patient selection, identification and selection of endpoints, determination of the study duration, consideration of control groups including natural history controls, and selection of appropriate statistical analyses. The significant challenges associated with designing a clinical trial in rare disease can sometimes be successfully met through strategic engagement with experts in the rare disease, seeking regulatory and biostatistical guidance, and early involvement of patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Vockley
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Center for Rare Disease Therapy, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Barbara Burton
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Agnieszka Jurecka
- CoA Therapeutics, Inc., a BridgeBio company, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Jitendra Ganju
- Independent Consultant to BridgeBio, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Beth Leiro
- Independent Consultant to BridgeBio, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Zori
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nicola Longo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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6
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Paessler A, Cortes-Cerisuelo M, Jassem W, Vilca-Melendez H, Deep A, Jain V, Pool A, Grunewald S, Kessaris N, Stojanovic J. Transplantation in paediatric patients with MMA requires multidisciplinary approach for achievement of good clinical outcomes. Pediatr Nephrol 2023:10.1007/s00467-023-05906-0. [PMID: 36840752 PMCID: PMC10393894 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-05906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As modern medicine is advancing, younger, small, and more complex children are becoming multi-organ transplant candidates. This brings up new challenges in all aspects of their care. METHODS We describe the first report of a small child receiving a simultaneous liver and kidney transplant and abdominal rectus sheath fascia transplant on the background of Williams syndrome and methylmalonic acidaemia. At the time of transplantation, the child was 3 years old, weighed 14.0 kg, had chronic kidney disease stage V, and had not yet started any other form of kidney replacement therapy. RESULTS There were many anaesthetic, medical, metabolic, and surgical challenges to consider in this case. A long general anaesthetic time increased the risk of cardiac complications and metabolic decompensation. Additionally, the small size of the patient and the organ size mis-match meant that primary abdominal closure was not possible. The patient's recovery was further complicated by sepsis, transient CNI toxicity, and de novo DSAs. CONCLUSIONS Through a multidisciplinary approach between 9 specialties in 4 hospitals across England and Wales, and detailed pre-operative planning, a good outcome was achieved for this child. An hour by hour management protocol was drafted to facilitate transplant and included five domains: 1. management at the time of organ offer; 2. before the admission; 3. at admission and before theatre time; 4. intra-operative management; and 5. post-operative management in the first 24 h. Importantly, gaining a clear and in depth understanding of the metabolic state of the patient pre- and peri-operatively was crucial in avoiding metabolic decompensation. Furthermore, an abdominal rectus sheath fascia transplant was required to achieve abdominal closure, which to our knowledge, had never been done before for this indication. Using our experience of this complex case, as well as our experience in transplanting other children with MMA, and through a literature review, we propose a new perioperative management pathway for this complex cohort of transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Paessler
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, WC1N 3JH, London, UK.,University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | - Wayel Jassem
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Akash Deep
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Vandana Jain
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew Pool
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Grunewald
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, WC1N 3JH, London, UK
| | | | - Jelena Stojanovic
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, WC1N 3JH, London, UK.
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7
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Sen K, Burrage LC, Chapman KA, Ginevic I, Mazariegos GV, Graham BH. Solid organ transplantation in methylmalonic acidemia and propionic acidemia: A points to consider statement of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet Med 2023; 25:100337. [PMID: 36534118 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Sen
- Division of Neurogenetics and Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics, Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Lindsay C Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Kimberly A Chapman
- Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Ilona Ginevic
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - George V Mazariegos
- Hillman Center for Pediatric Transplantation, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Brett H Graham
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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- American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Bethesda, MD
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Abstract
Investigation of multi-omic changes and their effects on regulation of metabolic pathways confirm anaplerotic deficiencies in methylmalonic acidaemia, strengthening the need for future therapies aimed at replenishing intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- PamelaSara E Head
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles P Venditti
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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9
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Chandler RJ, Di Pasquale G, Sloan JL, McCoy S, Hubbard BT, Kilts TM, Manoli I, Chiorini JA, Venditti CP. Systemic gene therapy for methylmalonic acidemia using the novel adeno-associated viral vector 44.9. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 27:61-72. [PMID: 36186952 PMCID: PMC9490190 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe and potentially lethal autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism most frequently caused by mutations in the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) gene. Proof-of-concept adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy studies using mouse models of MMA have demonstrated promise for this therapeutic approach but translation to the clinic could be limited by preexisting capsid immunity and vector potency. Here we explore the efficacy of a novel clade E capsid, 44.9, as a serotype for systemic AAV gene therapy for MMA. An anti-AAV44.9 neutralizing antibody (NAb) survey in adult volunteers (n = 19) and a large cohort of MMA patients (n = 48) revealed a seroprevalence rate of ∼26% and 13%, respectively. The efficacy of AAV44.9 gene delivery was examined in two murine models of MMA, representing neonatal lethal and juvenile phenotypes of MMA. Systemic delivery of the AAV44.9-Mmut vector prevented lethality and lowered disease-related metabolites in MMA mice. Tissue biodistribution and transgene expression studies in treated MMA mice showed that AAV44.9 was efficient at transducing the liver and heart. In summary, we establish that AAV44.9 exhibits a low prevalence of preexisting NAb in humans, is highly efficacious in the treatment of clinically severe MMA mouse models and is therefore a promising vector for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy J. Chandler
- Organic Acid Research Section, Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 7N248A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Giovanni Di Pasquale
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Sloan
- Organic Acid Research Section, Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 7N248A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samantha McCoy
- Organic Acid Research Section, Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 7N248A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brandon T. Hubbard
- Organic Acid Research Section, Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 7N248A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tina M. Kilts
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irini Manoli
- Organic Acid Research Section, Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 7N248A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John A. Chiorini
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Charles P. Venditti
- Organic Acid Research Section, Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 7N248A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Corresponding author Charles P. Venditti, MD, PhD, Organic Acid Research Section, Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 7N248A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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10
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Dello Strologo L, Spada M, Vici CD, Atti MCD, Rheault M, Bjerre AK, Boyer O, Calvo PL, D'Antiga L, Harshman LA, Hörster F, Kölker S, Jahnukainen T, Knops N, Krug P, Krupka K, Lee A, Levtchenko E, Marks SD, Stojanovic J, Martelli L, Mazariegos G, Montini G, Shenoy M, Sidhu S, Spada M, Tangeras T, Testa S, Vijay S, Wac K, Wennberg L, Concepcion W, Garbade SF, Tönshoff B. Renal outcome and plasma methylmalonic acid levels after isolated or combined liver or kidney transplantation in patients with methylmalonic acidemia: A multicenter analysis. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 137:265-272. [PMID: 36240580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylmalonic acidemia (MMAemia) is characterized by accumulation of methylmalonic acid (MMA) in all body tissues. To minimize disease-related complications, isolated kidney (KTx), liver (LTx) or combined liver-kidney transplantation (LKTx) have been suggested. However, the impact of these different transplant strategies on outcome are unclear. METHODS In this multicenter retrospective observational study, we compared plasma MMA levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) data of 83 patients. Sixty-eight patients (82%) had a mut0-type MMAemia, one patient had a mut--type MMAemia, and seven (7.3%) had an inherited defect in cobalamin metabolism (cblA- or cblB-type MMAemia). Median observation period was 3.7 years (0-15.1 years). RESULTS Twenty-six (31%) patients underwent KTx, 24 (29%) LTx and 33 (40%) LKTx. Posttransplant, mean plasma MMA concentration significantly decreased in all three cohorts; but at month 12, plasma MMA in KTx (1372 ± 1101 μmol/L) was 7.8-fold higher than in LTx (176 ± 103 μmol/L; P < 0.001) and 6.4-fold higher than in LKTx (215 ± 110 μmol/L; P < 0.001). Comparable data were observed at month 24. At time of transplantation, mean eGFR in KTx was 18.1 ± 24.3 mL/min/1.73 m2, in LTx 99.8 ± 29.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, and in LKTx 31.5 ± 21.2 mL/min/1.73 m2. At month 12 posttransplant, mean eGFR in KTx (62.3 ± 30.3 mL/min/1.73 m2) was 33.4% lower than in LTx (93.5 ± 18.3 mL/min/1.73 m2; P = 0.0053) and 25.4% lower than in LKTx (83.5 ± 26.9 mL/min/1.73 m2; P = 0.0403). CONCLUSIONS In patients with isolated MMAemia, LTx and LKTx lead to markedly lower plasma MMA levels during the first 2 years posttransplant than KTx and are associated with a better preservation of kidney function. LTx should therefore be part of the transplant strategy in MMAemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Spada
- Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Anna Kristina Bjerre
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Olivia Boyer
- Hopital Necker - Enfant Malades, MARHEA, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Lorenzo D'Antiga
- Paediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Friederike Hörster
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timo Jahnukainen
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation, New Children's Hospital Helsinki, Finland
| | - Noël Knops
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven & University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pauline Krug
- Hopital Necker - Enfant Malades, MARHEA, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kai Krupka
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Lee
- Division of Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Elena Levtchenko
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven & University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen D Marks
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Jelena Stojanovic
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Laura Martelli
- Paediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - George Mazariegos
- Pediatric Transplant Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Giovanni Montini
- Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Italy
| | - Mohan Shenoy
- Pediatric Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, UK
| | - Sangeet Sidhu
- Pediatric Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, UK
| | - Marco Spada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Trine Tangeras
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Sara Testa
- Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Italy
| | - Suresh Vijay
- Pediatrics, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Katarzyna Wac
- Division of Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Lars Wennberg
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Waldo Concepcion
- Division of Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Sven F Garbade
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tönshoff
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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11
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Keller SA, Luciani A. Mitochondrial Distress in Methylmalonic Acidemia: Novel Pathogenic Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193179. [PMID: 36231140 PMCID: PMC9563610 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic, double-membrane-enclosed organelles that sustain cellular metabolism and, hence, cellular, and organismal homeostasis. Dysregulation of the mitochondrial network might, therefore, confer a potentially devastating vulnerability to high-energy-requiring cell types, contributing to a broad variety of hereditary and acquired diseases, which include inborn errors of metabolism, cancer, neurodegeneration, and aging-associated adversities. In this Review, we highlight the biological functions of mitochondria-localized enzymes, from the perspective of understanding the pathophysiology of the inherited disorders destroying mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular metabolism. Using methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) as a paradigm of mitochondrial dysfunction, we discuss how mitochondrial-directed signaling pathways sustain the physiological homeostasis of specialized cell types and how these may be disturbed in disease conditions. This Review also provides a critical analysis of molecular underpinnings, through which defects in the autophagy-mediated quality control and surveillance systems contribute to cellular dysfunction, and indicates potential therapeutic strategies for affected tissues. These insights might, ultimately, advance the discovery and development of new therapeutics, not only for methylmalonic acidemia but also for other currently intractable mitochondrial diseases, thus transforming our ability to modulate health and homeostasis.
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12
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Zhang S, Bastille A, Gordo S, Ramesh N, Vora J, Mccarthy E, Zhang X, Frank D, Ko C, Wu C, Walsh N, Amarwani S, Liao J, Xiong Q, Drouin L, Hebben M, Chiang K, Chau BN. Novel AAV-mediated genome editing therapy improves health and survival in a mouse model of methylmalonic acidemia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274774. [PMID: 36126056 PMCID: PMC9488783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an inborn error of metabolism mostly caused by mutations in the mitochondrial methylmalonyl-CoA mutase gene (MMUT). MMA patients suffer from frequent episodes of metabolic decompensation, which can be life threatening. To mimic both the dietary restrictions and metabolic decompensation seen in MMA patients, we developed a novel protein-controlled diet regimen in a Mmut deficient mouse model of MMA and demonstrated the therapeutic benefit of mLB-001, a nuclease-free, promoterless recombinant AAV GeneRideTM vector designed to insert the mouse Mmut into the endogenous albumin locus via homologous recombination. A single intravenous administration of mLB-001 to neonatal or adult MMA mice prevented body weight loss and mortality when challenged with a high protein diet. The edited hepatocytes expressed functional MMUT protein and expanded over time in the Mmut deficient mice, suggesting a selective growth advantage over the diseased cells. In mice with a humanized liver, treatment with a human homolog of mLB-001 resulted in site-specific genome editing and transgene expression in the transplanted human hepatocytes. Taken together, these findings support the development of hLB-001 that is currently in clinical trials in pediatric patients with severe forms of MMA.
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13
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Venturoni LE, Chandler RJ, Liao J, Hoffmann V, Ramesh N, Gordo S, Chau N, Venditti CP. Growth advantage of corrected hepatocytes in a juvenile model of methylmalonic acidemia following liver directed adeno-associated viral mediated nuclease-free genome editing. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 137:1-8. [PMID: 35868241 PMCID: PMC9872049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a rare and severe inherited metabolic disease typically caused by mutations of the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) gene. Despite medical management, patients with MMA experience frequent episodes of metabolic instability, severe morbidity, and early mortality. In several preclinical studies, systemic gene therapy has demonstrated impressive improvement in biochemical and clinical phenotypes of MMA murine models. One approach uses a promoterless adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector that relies upon homologous recombination to achieve site-specific in vivo gene addition of MMUT into the last coding exon of albumin (Alb), generating a fused Alb-MMUT transcript after successful editing. We have previously demonstrated that nuclease-free AAV mediated Alb editing could effectively treat MMA mice in the neonatal period and noted that hepatocytes had a growth advantage after correction. Here, we use a transgenic knock-out mouse model of MMA that recapitulates severe clinical and biochemical symptoms to assess the benefits of Alb editing in juvenile animals. As was first noted in the neonatal gene therapy studies, we observe that gene edited hepatocytes in the MMA mice treated as juveniles exhibit a growth advantage, which allows them to repopulate the liver slowly but dramatically by 8-10 months post treatment, and subsequently manifest a biochemical and enzymatic response. In conclusion, our results suggest that the benefit of AAV mediated nuclease-free gene editing of the Alb locus to treat MMA could potentially be therapeutic for older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Venturoni
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Randy J Chandler
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Jing Liao
- LogicBio Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, United States of America
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Office of Research Services, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Nikhil Ramesh
- LogicBio Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, United States of America
| | - Susana Gordo
- LogicBio Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, United States of America
| | - Nelson Chau
- LogicBio Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, United States of America
| | - Charles P Venditti
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
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14
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Venturoni LE, Venditti CP. Treatment of metabolic disorders using genomic technologies: Lessons from methylmalonic acidemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:872-888. [PMID: 35766386 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) caused by deficiency of the enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) is a relatively common and severe organic acidemia. The recalcitrant nature of the condition to conventional dietary and medical management has led to the use of elective liver and combined liver-kidney transplantation in some patients. However, liver transplantation is intrinsically limited by organ availability, the risks of surgery, procedural and life-long management costs, transplant comorbidities, and a remaining underlying risk of complications related to MMA despite transplantation. Here, we review pre-clinical studies that present alternative approaches to solid organ transplantation as a treatment for MMUT MMA, including adeno-associated viral gene addition therapy, mRNA therapy, and genome editing, with and without nuclease enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Venturoni
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles P Venditti
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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15
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Abstract
Abstract
Mitochondria, the cell powerhouse, are membrane-bound organelles present in the cytoplasm of almost all the eukaryotic cells. Their main function is to generate energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, mitochondria store calcium for the cell signaling activities, generate heat, harbor pathways of intermediate metabolism and mediate cell growth and death. Primary mitochondrial diseases (MDs) form a clinically as well as genetically heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that result from the mitochondrial energetic metabolism malfunctions. The lifetime risk of the MDs development is estimated at 1:1470 of newborns, which makes them one of the most recurrent groups of inherited disorders with an important burden for society.
MDs are progressive with wide range of symptoms of variable severity that can emerge congenitally or anytime during the life. MD can be caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA genes. Mutations inducing impairment of mitochondrial function have been found in more than 400 genes. Furthermore, more than 1200 nuclear genes, which could play a role in the MDs’ genetic etiology, are involved in the mitochondrial activities. However, the knowledge regarding the mechanism of the mitochondrial pathogenicity appears to be most essential for the development of effective patient’s treatment suffering from the mitochondrial disease. This is an overview update focused on the mitochondrial biology and the mitochondrial diseases associated genes.
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16
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Head PE, Myung S, Chen Y, Schneller JL, Wang C, Duncan N, Hoffman P, Chang D, Gebremariam A, Gucek M, Manoli I, Venditti CP. Aberrant methylmalonylation underlies methylmalonic acidemia and is attenuated by an engineered sirtuin. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn4772. [PMID: 35613279 PMCID: PMC10468269 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Organic acidemias such as methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) are a group of inborn errors of metabolism that typically arise from defects in the catabolism of amino and fatty acids. Accretion of acyl-CoA species is postulated to underlie disease pathophysiology, but the mechanism(s) remain unknown. Here, we surveyed hepatic explants from patients with MMA and unaffected donors, in parallel with samples from various mouse models of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency. We found a widespread posttranslational modification, methylmalonylation, that inhibited enzymes in the urea cycle and glycine cleavage pathway in MMA. Biochemical studies and mouse genetics established that sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) controlled the metabolism of MMA-related posttranslational modifications. SIRT5 was engineered to resist acylation-driven inhibition via lysine to arginine mutagenesis. The modified SIRT5 was used to create an adeno-associated viral 8 (AAV8) vector and systemically delivered to mutant and control mice. Gene therapy ameliorated hyperammonemia and reduced global methylmalonylation in the MMA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- PamelaSara E. Head
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH, 45 Center Drive MSC 6200 Bethesda, MD, 20892-6200 USA
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sangho Myung
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Building 31, 31 Center Drive Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jessica L. Schneller
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cindy Wang
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas Duncan
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pauline Hoffman
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David Chang
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Abigael Gebremariam
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marjan Gucek
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Building 31, 31 Center Drive Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irini Manoli
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Charles P. Venditti
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 10 Center Drive Building 10, Room 7S257 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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17
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Longo N, Sass JO, Jurecka A, Vockley J. Biomarkers for drug development in propionic and methylmalonic acidemias. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:132-143. [PMID: 35038174 PMCID: PMC9303879 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is an unmet need for the development and validation of biomarkers and surrogate endpoints for clinical trials in propionic acidemia (PA) and methylmalonic acidemia (MMA). This review examines the pathophysiology and clinical consequences of PA and MMA that could form the basis for potential biomarkers and surrogate endpoints. Changes in primary metabolites such as methylcitric acid (MCA), MCA:citric acid ratio, oxidation of 13 C-propionate (exhaled 13 CO2 ), and propionylcarnitine (C3) have demonstrated clinical relevance in patients with PA or MMA. Methylmalonic acid, another primary metabolite, is a potential biomarker, but only in patients with MMA. Other potential biomarkers in patients with either PA and MMA include secondary metabolites, such as ammonium, or the mitochondrial disease marker, fibroblast growth factor 21. Additional research is needed to validate these biomarkers as surrogate endpoints, and to determine whether other metabolites or markers of organ damage could also be useful biomarkers for clinical trials of investigational drug treatments in patients with PA or MMA. This review examines the evidence supporting a variety of possible biomarkers for drug development in propionic and methylmalonic acidemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Longo
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Jörn Oliver Sass
- Research Group Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Natural Sciences & Institute for Functional Gene Analytics (IFGA)Bonn‐Rhein‐Sieg University of Applied SciencesRheinbachGermany
| | | | - Jerry Vockley
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Center for Rare Disease Therapy, UPMC Children's Hospital of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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18
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Chapman KA. From trash to treasure! The importance of preserving rare disease medical waste for basic research. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 135:1-2. [PMID: 34973897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Chapman
- Children's National Rare Disease Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America.
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19
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Riley LG, Nafisinia M, Menezes MJ, Nambiar R, Williams A, Barnes EH, Selvanathan A, Lichkus K, Bratkovic D, Yaplito-Lee J, Bhattacharya K, Ellaway C, Kava M, Balasubramaniam S, Christodoulou J. FGF21 outperforms GDF15 as a diagnostic biomarker of mitochondrial disease in children. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 135:63-71. [PMID: 34991945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown serum fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels are elevated in patients with mitochondrial disease (MD) where myopathy is a feature. In this study we investigated the utility of FGF21 and GDF15 as biomarkers for MD in a phenotypically and genotypically diverse pediatric cohort with suspected MD against a panel of healthy controls and non-mitochondrial disease controls with some overlapping clinical features. Serum was collected from 56 children with MD, 104 children with non-mitochondrial disease (27 neuromuscular, 26 cardiac, 21 hepatic, 30 renal) and 30 pediatric controls. Serum FGF21 and GDF15 concentrations were measured using ELISA, and their ability to detect MD was determined. Median FGF21 and GDF15 serum concentrations were elevated 17-fold and 3-fold respectively in pediatric MD patients compared to the healthy control group. Non-mitochondrial disease controls had elevated serum GDF15 concentrations while FGF21 concentrations were in the normal range. Elevation of GDF15 in a range of non-mitochondrial pediatric disorders limits its use as a MD biomarker. FGF21 was elevated in MD patients with a spectrum of clinical phenotypes, including those without myopathy. Serum FGF21 had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87, indicating good ability to discriminate between pediatric MD and healthy and non-mitochondrial disease controls. Triaging of pediatric MD patients by clinical phenotyping and serum FGF21 testing, followed by massively parallel sequencing, may enable more rapid diagnosis of pediatric MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa G Riley
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Rare Diseases Functional Genomics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Michael Nafisinia
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Storr Liver Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Minal J Menezes
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Reta Nambiar
- Immunopathology Laboratory, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Williams
- Immunopathology Laboratory, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Barnes
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Arthavan Selvanathan
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate Lichkus
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Drago Bratkovic
- Metabolic Clinic, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Joy Yaplito-Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Metabolic Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kaustuv Bhattacharya
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn Ellaway
- Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maina Kava
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Metabolic Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children/Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Neurology, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children/Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Shanti Balasubramaniam
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Metabolic Unit, Department of Rheumatology and Metabolic Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children/Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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20
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Brennerová K, Škopková M, Ostrožlíková M, Šaligová J, Staník J, Bzdúch V, Gašperíková D. Genetic testing is necessary for correct diagnosis and treatment in patients with isolated methylmalonic aciduria: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:578. [PMID: 34915869 PMCID: PMC8675494 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Isolated methylmalonic aciduria can be caused by pathogenic mutations in the gene for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase or in the genes encoding enzymes involved in the intracellular metabolism of cobalamin. Some of these mutations may be cobalamin responsive. The type of methylmalonic aciduria cannot always be assumed from clinical manifestation and the responsiveness to cobalamin has to be assessed for appropriate cobalamin administration, or to avoid unnecessary treatment. The cases presented herein highlight the importance of genetic testing in methylmalonic aciduria cases and the need for standardisation of the in vivo cobalamin-responsiveness assessment. Case presentation We describe two patients who presented in the first week of life with rapid neurological deterioration caused by metabolic acidosis with severe hyperammonaemia requiring extracorporeal elimination in addition to protein restriction, energy support, carnitine, and vitamin B12 treatment. The severity of the clinical symptoms and high methylmalonic acid concentrations in the urine (>30,000 μmol/mmol of creatinine) without hyperhomocysteinaemia in both of our patients suggested isolated methylmalonic aciduria. Based on the neonatal manifestation and the high methylmalonic acid urine levels, we assumed the cobalamin non-responsive form. The in vivo test of responsiveness to cobalamin was performed in both patients. Patient 1 was evaluated as non-responsive; thus, intensive treatment with vitamin B12 was not used. Patient 2 was responsive to cobalamin, but the dose was decreased to 1 mg i.m. every two weeks with daily oral treatment due to non-compliance. Genetic tests revealed bi-allelic mutations in the genes MMAB and MMAA in Patient 1 and 2, respectively. Based on these results, we were able to start intensive treatment with hydroxocobalamin in both patients. After the treatment intensification, there was no acute crisis requiring hospitalisation in Patient 1, and the urine methylmalonic acid levels further decreased in Patient 2. Conclusions Despite carrying out the in vivo test of responsiveness to cobalamin in both patients, only the results of molecular genetic tests led us to the correct diagnosis and enabled intensive treatment with hydroxocobalamin. The combination of the standardized in vivo test of cobalamin responsiveness and genetic testing is needed for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of isolated methylmalonic aciduria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Brennerová
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute for Children's Diseases, Limbová 1, 833 40, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Škopková
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Ostrožlíková
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute for Children's Diseases, Limbova 1, 833 40, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Šaligová
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty of P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Staník
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute for Children's Diseases, Limbová 1, 833 40, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Bzdúch
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty of Comenius University and National Institute for Children's Diseases, Limbová 1, 833 40, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Gašperíková
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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21
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Schneller JL, Lee CM, Venturoni LE, Chandler RJ, Li A, Myung S, Cradick TJ, Hurley AE, Lagor WR, Bao G, Venditti CP. In vivo genome editing at the albumin locus to treat methylmalonic acidemia. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 23:619-632. [PMID: 34901307 PMCID: PMC8634044 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a metabolic disorder most commonly caused by mutations in the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) gene. Although adeno-associated viral (AAV) gene therapy has been effective at correcting the disease phenotype in MMA mouse models, clinical translation may be impaired by loss of episomal transgene expression and magnified by the need to treat patients early in life. To achieve permanent correction, we developed a dual AAV strategy to express a codon-optimized MMUT transgene from Alb and tested various CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing vectors in newly developed knockin mouse models of MMA. For one target site in intron 1 of Alb, we designed rescue cassettes expressing MMUT behind a 2A-peptide or an internal ribosomal entry site sequence. A second guide RNA targeted the initiator codon, and the donor cassette encompassed the proximal albumin promoter in the 5′ homology arm. Although all editing approaches were therapeutic, targeting the start codon of albumin allowed the use of a donor cassette that also functioned as an episome and after homologous recombination, even without the expression of Cas9, as an integrant. Targeting the albumin locus using these strategies would be effective for other metabolic disorders where early treatment and permanent long-term correction are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ciaran M. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Leah E. Venturoni
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
| | - Randy J. Chandler
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Sangho Myung
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
| | | | - Ayrea E. Hurley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William R. Lagor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Charles P. Venditti
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
- Corresponding author Charles P. Venditti MD, PhD, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA.
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22
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Goedeke L, Canfrán-Duque A, Rotllan N, Chaube B, Thompson BM, Lee RG, Cline GW, McDonald JG, Shulman GI, Lasunción MA, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. MMAB promotes negative feedback control of cholesterol homeostasis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6448. [PMID: 34750386 PMCID: PMC8575900 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intricate regulatory networks govern the net balance of cholesterol biosynthesis, uptake and efflux; however, the mechanisms surrounding cholesterol homeostasis remain incompletely understood. Here, we develop an integrative genomic strategy to detect regulators of LDLR activity and identify 250 genes whose knockdown affects LDL-cholesterol uptake and whose expression is modulated by intracellular cholesterol levels in human hepatic cells. From these hits, we focus on MMAB, an enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of vitamin B12 to adenosylcobalamin, and whose expression has previously been linked with altered levels of circulating cholesterol in humans. We demonstrate that hepatic levels of MMAB are modulated by dietary and cellular cholesterol levels through SREBP2, the master transcriptional regulator of cholesterol homeostasis. Knockdown of MMAB decreases intracellular cholesterol levels and augments SREBP2-mediated gene expression and LDL-cholesterol uptake in human and mouse hepatic cell lines. Reductions in total sterol content were attributed to increased intracellular levels of propionic and methylmalonic acid and subsequent inhibition of HMGCR activity and cholesterol biosynthesis. Moreover, mice treated with antisense inhibitors of MMAB display a significant reduction in hepatic HMGCR activity, hepatic sterol content and increased expression of SREBP2-mediated genes. Collectively, these findings reveal an unexpected role for the adenosylcobalamin pathway in regulating LDLR expression and identify MMAB as an additional control point by which cholesterol biosynthesis is regulated by its end product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Goedeke
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alberto Canfrán-Duque
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Balkrishna Chaube
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Bonne M Thompson
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Richard G Lee
- Cardiovascular Group, Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Gary W Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Miguel A Lasunción
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRyCIS) and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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23
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Wu A, Feng B, Yu J, Yan L, Che L, Zhuo Y, Luo Y, Yu B, Wu D, Chen D. Fibroblast growth factor 21 attenuates iron overload-induced liver injury and fibrosis by inhibiting ferroptosis. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102131. [PMID: 34530349 PMCID: PMC8445902 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis plays a role in several diseases such as iron overload-induced liver diseases. Manipulation of ferroptosis has been explored as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat related diseases. Numerous antioxidants have been identified to control ferroptosis but the cell-autonomous mechanisms responsible for regulating ferroptosis remain elusive. In the present study, we found that iron overload promoted ferroptosis in hepatocytes by excessively inducing HO-1 expression, which contributed to the progression of liver injury and fibrosis, accompanied by the upregulation of the FGF21 protein level in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, both recombinant FGF21 and Fgf21 overexpression significantly protected against iron overload-induced hepatocytes mitochondria damage, liver injury and fibrosis by inhibiting ferroptosis. In contrast, the loss of FGF21 aggravated iron overload-induced ferroptosis. Notably, FGF21-induced HO-1 inhibition (via the promotion of HO-1 ubiquitination and degradation) and NRF2 activation provide a mechanistic explanation for this phenomenon. Taken together, we identified FGF21 as a novel ferroptosis suppressor. Thus, FGF21 activation may provide an effective strategy for the potential treatment of iron overload-induced ferroptosis-related diseases, such as hereditary haemochromatosis (HH). Iron overload robustly induces hepatic FGF21 expression both in vitro and in vivo. FGF21 suppresses iron overload-induced hepatocytes ferroptosis. Constitutive HO-1 activation contributes to iron overload-induced ferroptosis in hepatocytes. FGF21 protects hepatocytes from iron overload-induced ferroptosis by stimulating HO-1 ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - De Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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24
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Luciani A, Denley MCS, Govers LP, Sorrentino V, Froese DS. Mitochondrial disease, mitophagy, and cellular distress in methylmalonic acidemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6851-6867. [PMID: 34524466 PMCID: PMC8558192 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03934-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria—the intracellular powerhouse in which nutrients are converted into energy in the form of ATP or heat—are highly dynamic, double-membraned organelles that harness a plethora of cellular functions that sustain energy metabolism and homeostasis. Exciting new discoveries now indicate that the maintenance of this ever changing and functionally pleiotropic organelle is particularly relevant in terminally differentiated cells that are highly dependent on aerobic metabolism. Given the central role in maintaining metabolic and physiological homeostasis, dysregulation of the mitochondrial network might therefore confer a potentially devastating vulnerability to high-energy requiring cell types, contributing to a broad variety of hereditary and acquired diseases. In this Review, we highlight the biological functions of mitochondria-localized enzymes from the perspective of understanding—and potentially reversing—the pathophysiology of inherited disorders affecting the homeostasis of the mitochondrial network and cellular metabolism. Using methylmalonic acidemia as a paradigm of complex mitochondrial dysfunction, we discuss how mitochondrial directed-signaling circuitries govern the homeostasis and physiology of specialized cell types and how these may be disturbed in disease. This Review also provides a critical analysis of affected tissues, potential molecular mechanisms, and novel cellular and animal models of methylmalonic acidemia which are being used to develop new therapeutic options for this disease. These insights might ultimately lead to new therapeutics, not only for methylmalonic acidemia, but also for other currently intractable mitochondrial diseases, potentially transforming our ability to regulate homeostasis and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Luciani
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Diseases Group, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Matthew C S Denley
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Larissa P Govers
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Diseases Group, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Department of Musculo-Skeletal Health, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - D Sean Froese
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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25
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Ilyinskii PO, Michaud AM, Rizzo GL, Roy CJ, Leung SS, Elkins SL, Capela T, Chowdhury A, Li L, Chandler RJ, Manoli I, Andres-Mateos E, Johnston LPM, Vandenberghe LH, Venditti CP, Kishimoto TK. ImmTOR nanoparticles enhance AAV transgene expression after initial and repeat dosing in a mouse model of methylmalonic acidemia. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 22:279-92. [PMID: 34485611 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A major barrier to adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy is the inability to re-dose patients due to formation of vector-induced neutralizing antibodies (Nabs). Tolerogenic nanoparticles encapsulating rapamycin (ImmTOR) provide long-term and specific suppression of adaptive immune responses, allowing for vector re-dosing. Moreover, co-administration of hepatotropic AAV vectors and ImmTOR leads to an increase of transgene expression even after the first dose. ImmTOR and AAV Anc80 encoding the methylmalonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) mutase (MMUT) combination was tested in a mouse model of methylmalonic acidemia, a disease caused by mutations in the MMUT gene. Repeated co-administration of Anc80 and ImmTOR was well tolerated and led to nearly complete inhibition of immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies to the Anc80 capsid. A more profound decrease of plasma levels of the key toxic metabolite, plasma methylmalonic acid (pMMA), and disease biomarker, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), was observed after treatment with the ImmTOR and Anc80-MMUT combination. In addition, there were higher numbers of viral genomes per cell (vg/cell) and increased transgene expression when ImmTOR was co-administered with Anc80-MMUT. These effects were dose-dependent, with the higher doses of ImmTOR providing higher vg/cell and mRNA levels, and an improved biomarker response. Combining of ImmTOR and AAV can not only block the IgG response against capsid, but it also appears to potentiate transduction and enhance therapeutic transgene expression in the mouse model.
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26
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May FJ, Head PE, Venturoni LE, Chandler RJ, Venditti CP. Central nervous system-targeted adeno-associated virus gene therapy in methylmalonic acidemia. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 21:765-776. [PMID: 34169115 PMCID: PMC8188058 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe metabolic disorder most commonly caused by a mutation in the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) gene. Patients with MMA experience multisystemic disease manifestations and remain at risk for neurological disease progression, even after liver transplantation. Therefore, delivery of MMUT to the central nervous system (CNS) may provide patients with neuroprotection and, perhaps, therapeutic benefits. To specifically target the brain, we developed a neurotropic PHP.eB vector that used a CaMKII neuro-specific promoter to restrict the expression of the MMUT transgene in the neuraxis and delivered the adeno-associated virus (AAV) to mice with MMA. The PHP.eB vector transduced cells in multiple brain regions, including the striatum, and enabled high levels of expression of MMUT in the basal ganglia. Following the CNS-specific correction of MMUT expression, disease-related metabolites methylmalonic acid and 2-methylcitrate were significantly (p < 0.02) decreased in serum of treated MMA mice. Our results show that targeting MMUT expression to the CNS using a neurotropic capsid can decrease the circulating metabolite load in MMA and further highlight the benefit of extrahepatic correction for disorders of organic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J. May
- Organic Acid Research Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - PamelaSara E. Head
- Organic Acid Research Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leah E. Venturoni
- Organic Acid Research Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Randy J. Chandler
- Organic Acid Research Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles P. Venditti
- Organic Acid Research Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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27
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Chandler RJ, Venturoni LE, Liao J, Hubbard BT, Schneller JL, Hoffmann V, Gordo S, Zang S, Ko C, Chau N, Chiang K, Kay MA, Barzel A, Venditti CP. Promoterless, Nuclease-Free Genome Editing Confers a Growth Advantage for Corrected Hepatocytes in Mice With Methylmalonic Acidemia. Hepatology 2021; 73:2223-2237. [PMID: 32976669 PMCID: PMC8252383 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adeno-associated viral (AAV) gene therapy has shown great promise as an alternative treatment for metabolic disorders managed using liver transplantation, but remains limited by transgene loss and genotoxicity. Our study aims to test an AAV vector with a promoterless integrating cassette, designed to provide sustained hepatic transgene expression and reduced toxicity in comparison to canonical AAV therapy. APPROACH AND RESULTS Our AAV vector was designed to insert a methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) transgene into the 3' end of the albumin locus and tested in mouse models of methylmalonic acidemia (MMA). After neonatal delivery, we longitudinally evaluated hepatic transgene expression, plasma levels of methylmalonate, and the MMA biomarker, fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21), as well as integration of MMUT in the albumin locus. At necropsy, we surveyed for AAV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in all treated MMA mice and control littermates. AAV-mediated genome editing of MMUT into the albumin locus resulted in permanent hepatic correction in MMA mouse models, which was accompanied by decreased levels of methylmalonate and Fgf21, and improved survival without HCC. With time, levels of transgene expression increased and methylmalonate progressively decreased, whereas the number of albumin-MMUT integrations and corrected hepatocytes in MMA mice increased, but not in similarly treated wild-type animals. Additionally, expression of MMUT in the setting of MMA conferred a selective growth advantage upon edited cells, which potentiates the therapeutic response. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that AAV-mediated, promoterless, nuclease-free genome editing at the albumin locus provides safe and durable therapeutic benefit in neonatally treated MMA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark A. Kay
- Departments of Pediatrics and GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCA
| | - Adi Barzel
- Departments of Pediatrics and GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
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28
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Shchelochkov OA, Manoli I, Juneau P, Sloan JL, Ferry S, Myles J, Schoenfeld M, Pass A, McCoy S, Van Ryzin C, Wenger O, Levin M, Zein W, Huryn L, Snow J, Chlebowski C, Thurm A, Kopp JB, Chen KY, Venditti CP. Severity modeling of propionic acidemia using clinical and laboratory biomarkers. Genet Med 2021; 23:1534-42. [PMID: 34007002 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To conduct a proof-of-principle study to identify subtypes of propionic acidemia (PA) and associated biomarkers. Methods Data from a clinically diverse PA patient population (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02890342) were used to train and test machine learning models, identify PA-relevant biomarkers, and perform validation analysis using data from liver-transplanted participants. k-Means clustering was used to test for the existence of PA subtypes. Expert knowledge was used to define PA subtypes (mild and severe). Given expert classification, supervised machine learning (support vector machine with a polynomial kernel, svmPoly) performed dimensional reduction to define relevant features of each PA subtype. Results Forty participants enrolled in the study; five underwent liver transplant. Analysis with k-means clustering indicated that several PA subtypes may exist on the biochemical continuum. The conventional PA biomarkers, plasma total 2-methylctirate and propionylcarnitine, were not statistically significantly different between nontransplanted and transplanted participants motivating us to search for other biomarkers. Unbiased dimensional reduction using svmPoly revealed that plasma transthyretin, alanine:serine ratio, GDF15, FGF21, and in vivo 1-13C-propionate oxidation, play roles in defining PA subtypes. Conclusion Support vector machine prioritized biomarkers that helped classify propionic acidemia patients according to severity subtypes, with important ramifications for future clinical trials and management of PA. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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29
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Forny P, Hörster F, Ballhausen D, Chakrapani A, Chapman KA, Dionisi‐Vici C, Dixon M, Grünert SC, Grunewald S, Haliloglu G, Hochuli M, Honzik T, Karall D, Martinelli D, Molema F, Sass JO, Scholl‐Bürgi S, Tal G, Williams M, Huemer M, Baumgartner MR. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of methylmalonic acidaemia and propionic acidaemia: First revision. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:566-592. [PMID: 33595124 PMCID: PMC8252715 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Isolated methylmalonic acidaemia (MMA) and propionic acidaemia (PA) are rare inherited metabolic diseases. Six years ago, a detailed evaluation of the available evidence on diagnosis and management of these disorders has been published for the first time. The article received considerable attention, illustrating the importance of an expert panel to evaluate and compile recommendations to guide rare disease patient care. Since that time, a growing body of evidence on transplant outcomes in MMA and PA patients and use of precursor free amino acid mixtures allows for updates of the guidelines. In this article, we aim to incorporate this newly published knowledge and provide a revised version of the guidelines. The analysis was performed by a panel of multidisciplinary health care experts, who followed an updated guideline development methodology (GRADE). Hence, the full body of evidence up until autumn 2019 was re-evaluated, analysed and graded. As a result, 21 updated recommendations were compiled in a more concise paper with a focus on the existing evidence to enable well-informed decisions in the context of MMA and PA patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Forny
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research CenterUniversity Children's Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Friederike Hörster
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic MedicineUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Paediatric Unit for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Woman‐Mother‐ChildUniversity Hospital LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Anupam Chakrapani
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Child HealthNIHR Biomedical Research Center (BRC), University College LondonLondonUK
| | - Kimberly A. Chapman
- Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Health SystemWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Carlo Dionisi‐Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatric SpecialtiesBambino Gesù Children's HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Marjorie Dixon
- Dietetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Sarah C. Grünert
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Centre‐University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineFreiburgGermany
| | - Stephanie Grunewald
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Child HealthNIHR Biomedical Research Center (BRC), University College LondonLondonUK
| | - Goknur Haliloglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric NeurologyHacettepe University Children's HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Michel Hochuli
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Tomas Honzik
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PraguePragueCzech Republic
| | - Daniela Karall
- Department of Paediatrics I, Inherited Metabolic DisordersMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatric SpecialtiesBambino Gesù Children's HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Femke Molema
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jörn Oliver Sass
- Department of Natural Sciences & Institute for Functional Gene Analytics (IFGA)Bonn‐Rhein Sieg University of Applied SciencesRheinbachGermany
| | - Sabine Scholl‐Bürgi
- Department of Paediatrics I, Inherited Metabolic DisordersMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Galit Tal
- Metabolic Unit, Ruth Rappaport Children's HospitalRambam Health Care CampusHaifaIsrael
| | - Monique Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martina Huemer
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research CenterUniversity Children's Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Department of PaediatricsLandeskrankenhaus BregenzBregenzAustria
| | - Matthias R. Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research CenterUniversity Children's Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Molema F, Martinelli D, Hörster F, Kölker S, Tangeraas T, de Koning B, Dionisi‐Vici C, Williams M. Liver and/or kidney transplantation in amino and organic acid-related inborn errors of metabolism: An overview on European data. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:593-605. [PMID: 32996606 PMCID: PMC8247334 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study provides a general overview on liver and/or kidney transplantation in patients with an amino and organic acid-related disorder (AOA) with the aim to investigate patient characteristics and global outcome in Europe. This study was an initiative of the E-IMD and the AOA subnetwork of MetabERN. METHODS A questionnaire was sent to all clinically active European Society for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism (SSIEM) members. The questionnaire focused on transplanted individuals with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), propionic acidemia (PA), maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), and urea-cycle disorders (UCDs). RESULTS We identified 280 transplanted AOA patients (liver transplantation in 20 MMA, 37 PA, 47 MSUD, and 111 UCD patients, kidney or combined liver and kidney transplantation in 57 MMA patients and undefined transplantation type in 8 MMA patients), followed by 51 metabolic centers. At a median follow-up of 3.5 years, posttransplant survival ranged between 78% and 100%, being the lowest in PA patients. Overall, the risk of mortality was highest within 14 days posttransplantation. Neurological complications were mainly reported in Mut0 type MMA (n = 8). Nonneurological complications occurred in MMA (n = 28), PA (n = 7), and UCD (n = 14) patients, while it was virtually absent in MSUD patients. Only 116/280 patients were psychologically tested. In all, except MSUD patients, the intelligence quotient (IQ) remained unchanged in the majority (76/94, 81%). Forty-one percentage (9/22) of MSUD patient showed improved IQ. CONCLUSION The survival in AOA individuals receiving liver and/or kidney transplantation seems satisfactory. Evidence-based guidelines, systematic data collection, and improved cooperation between transplantation centers and European Reference Networks are indispensable to improve patient care and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Molema
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical Center, AOA subgroup MetabERNRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Subnetwork for Amino and Organic Acid‐Related Disorders (AOA)European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN)UdineItaly
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Subnetwork for Amino and Organic Acid‐Related Disorders (AOA)European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN)UdineItaly
- U.O.C. Patologia MetabolicaOspedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, AOA Subgroup MetabERNRomeItaly
| | - Friederike Hörster
- Subnetwork for Amino and Organic Acid‐Related Disorders (AOA)European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN)UdineItaly
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic MedicineUniversity Hospital Heidelberg, AOA Subgroup MetabERNHeidelbergGermany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Subnetwork for Amino and Organic Acid‐Related Disorders (AOA)European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN)UdineItaly
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic MedicineUniversity Hospital Heidelberg, AOA Subgroup MetabERNHeidelbergGermany
| | - Trine Tangeraas
- Subnetwork for Amino and Organic Acid‐Related Disorders (AOA)European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN)UdineItaly
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, AOA subgroup MetabERNOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
| | - Barbara de Koning
- Department of Paediatric Gastro‐EnterologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Carlo Dionisi‐Vici
- Subnetwork for Amino and Organic Acid‐Related Disorders (AOA)European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN)UdineItaly
- U.O.C. Patologia MetabolicaOspedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, AOA Subgroup MetabERNRomeItaly
| | - Monique Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical Center, AOA subgroup MetabERNRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Subnetwork for Amino and Organic Acid‐Related Disorders (AOA)European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN)UdineItaly
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Manoli I, Pass AR, Harrington EA, Sloan JL, Gagné J, McCoy S, Bell SL, Hattenbach JD, Leitner BP, Duckworth CJ, Fletcher LA, Cassimatis TM, Galarreta CI, Thurm A, Snow J, Van Ryzin C, Ferry S, Mew NA, Shchelochkov OA, Chen KY, Venditti CP. 1- 13C-propionate breath testing as a surrogate endpoint to assess efficacy of liver-directed therapies in methylmalonic acidemia (MMA). Genet Med 2021; 23:1522-33. [PMID: 33820958 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a safe and noninvasive in vivo assay of hepatic propionate oxidative capacity. METHODS A modified 1-13C-propionate breath test was administered to 57 methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) subjects, including 19 transplant recipients, and 16 healthy volunteers. Isotopomer enrichment (13CO2/12CO2) was measured in exhaled breath after an enteral bolus of sodium-1-13C-propionate, and normalized for CO2 production. 1-13C-propionate oxidation was then correlated with clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters collected via a dedicated natural history protocol. RESULTS Lower propionate oxidation was observed in patients with the severe mut0 and cblB subtypes of MMA, but was near normal in those with the cblA and mut- forms of the disorder. Liver transplant recipients demonstrated complete restoration of 1-13C-propionate oxidation to control levels. 1-13C-propionate oxidation correlated with cognitive test result, growth indices, bone mineral density, renal function, and serum biomarkers. Test repeatability was robust in controls and in MMA subjects (mean coefficient of variation 6.9% and 12.8%, respectively), despite widely variable serum methylmalonic acid concentrations in the patients. CONCLUSION Propionate oxidative capacity, as measured with 1-13C-propionate breath testing, predicts disease severity and clinical outcomes, and could be used to assess the therapeutic effects of liver-targeted genomic therapies for MMA and related disorders of propionate metabolism. TRIAL REGISTRATION This clinical study is registered in www.clinicaltrials.gov with the ID: NCT00078078. Study URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00078078.
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Lucienne M, Mathis D, Perkins N, Fingerhut R, Baumgartner MR, Froese DS. Decrease of disease-related metabolites upon fasting in a hemizygous knock-in mouse model ( Mut-ko/ki) of methylmalonic aciduria. JIMD Rep 2021; 58:44-51. [PMID: 33728246 PMCID: PMC7932858 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) is part of the propionyl-CoA catabolic pathway, responsible for the breakdown of branched-chain amino acids, odd-chain fatty acids and the side-chain of cholesterol. Patients with deficient activity of MMUT suffer from isolated methylmalonic aciduria (MMAuria), frequently presenting in the newborn period with failure to thrive and metabolic crisis. Even well managed patients remain at risk for metabolic crises, of which one known trigger is acute illness, which may lead to poor feeding and vomiting, putting the patient in a catabolic state. This situation is believed to result in increased breakdown of propionyl-CoA catabolic pathway precursors, producing massively elevated levels of disease related metabolites, including methylmalonic acid and propionylcarnitine. Here, we used fasting of a hemizygous mouse model (Mut-ko/ki) of MMUT deficiency to study the role of induced catabolism on metabolite production. Although mice lost weight and displayed markers consistent with a catabolic state, contrary to expectation, we found strongly reduced levels of methylmalonic acid and propionylcarnitine in fasted conditions. Switching Mut-ko/ki mice from a high-protein diet to fasted conditions, or from a standard diet to a no-protein diet, resulted in similar reductions of methylmalonic acid and propionylcarnitine levels. These results suggest, in our mouse model at least, induction of a catabolic state on its own may not be sufficient to trigger elevated metabolite levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lucienne
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research CenterUniversity Children's Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- radiz – Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare DiseasesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Déborah Mathis
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity Children's Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Nathan Perkins
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity Children's Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Ralph Fingerhut
- Swiss Newborn Screening LaboratoryUniversity Children's Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Matthias R. Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research CenterUniversity Children's Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- radiz – Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare DiseasesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - D. Sean Froese
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research CenterUniversity Children's Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- radiz – Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare DiseasesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Dimitrov B, Molema F, Williams M, Schmiesing J, Mühlhausen C, Baumgartner MR, Schumann A, Kölker S. Organic acidurias: Major gaps, new challenges, and a yet unfulfilled promise. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:9-21. [PMID: 32412122 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organic acidurias (OADs) comprise a biochemically defined group of inherited metabolic diseases. Increasing awareness, reliable diagnostic work-up, newborn screening programs for some OADs, optimized neonatal and intensive care, and the development of evidence-based recommendations have improved neonatal survival and short-term outcome of affected individuals. However, chronic progression of organ dysfunction in an aging patient population cannot be reliably prevented with traditional therapeutic measures. Evidence is increasing that disease progression might be best explained by mitochondrial dysfunction. Previous studies have demonstrated that some toxic metabolites target mitochondrial proteins inducing synergistic bioenergetic impairment. Although these potentially reversible mechanisms help to understand the development of acute metabolic decompensations during catabolic state, they currently cannot completely explain disease progression with age. Recent studies identified unbalanced autophagy as a novel mechanism in the renal pathology of methylmalonic aciduria, resulting in impaired quality control of organelles, mitochondrial aging and, subsequently, progressive organ dysfunction. In addition, the discovery of post-translational short-chain lysine acylation of histones and mitochondrial enzymes helps to understand how intracellular key metabolites modulate gene expression and enzyme function. While acylation is considered an important mechanism for metabolic adaptation, the chronic accumulation of potential substrates of short-chain lysine acylation in inherited metabolic diseases might exert the opposite effect, in the long run. Recently, changed glutarylation patterns of mitochondrial proteins have been demonstrated in glutaric aciduria type 1. These new insights might bridge the gap between natural history and pathophysiology in OADs, and their exploitation for the development of targeted therapies seems promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Dimitrov
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Femke Molema
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Schmiesing
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Chris Mühlhausen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias R Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anke Schumann
- Department of General Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
Metabolic functions of the hepatic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) have been recognized for more than a decade in studying the responses of human subjects and rodent models to nutritional stresses such as fasting, high-fat diet or ketogenic diet consumption, and ethanol intake. Our interest in the beneficial metabolic effects of FGF21 has risen due to its potential ability to serve as a therapeutic agent for various metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver diseases, as well as its potential to act as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for metabolic and other disorders. Here, we briefly review the FGF21 gene and protein structures, its expression pattern, and cellular signaling cascades that mediate FGF21 production and function. We mainly focus on discussing experimental and clinical literature pertaining to FGF21 as a therapeutic agent. Furthermore, we present several lines of investigation, including a few studies conducted by our team, suggesting that FGF21 expression and function can be regulated by dietary polyphenol interventions. Finally, we discuss the literature debating FGF21 as a potential biomarker in various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Badakhshi
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Banting and Best Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tianru Jin
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Banting and Best Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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35
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Ow JR, Cadez MJ, Zafer G, Foo JC, Li HY, Ghosh S, Wollmann H, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Ong CB, Wenk MR, Han W, Choi H, Kaldis P. Remodeling of whole-body lipid metabolism and a diabetic-like phenotype caused by loss of CDK1 and hepatocyte division. eLife 2020; 9:63835. [PMID: 33345777 PMCID: PMC7771968 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle progression and lipid metabolism are well-coordinated processes required for proper cell proliferation. In liver diseases that arise from dysregulated lipid metabolism, hepatocyte proliferation is diminished. To study the outcome of CDK1 loss and blocked hepatocyte proliferation on lipid metabolism and the consequent impact on whole-body physiology, we performed lipidomics, metabolomics, and RNA-seq analyses on a mouse model. We observed reduced triacylglycerides in liver of young mice, caused by oxidative stress that activated FOXO1 to promote the expression of Pnpla2/ATGL. Additionally, we discovered that hepatocytes displayed malfunctioning β-oxidation, reflected by increased acylcarnitines (ACs) and reduced β-hydroxybutyrate. This led to elevated plasma free fatty acids (FFAs), which were transported to the adipose tissue for storage and triggered greater insulin secretion. Upon aging, chronic hyperinsulinemia resulted in insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis through activation of LXR. Here, we demonstrate that loss of hepatocyte proliferation is not only an outcome but also possibly a causative factor for liver pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Rong Ow
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matias J Cadez
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gözde Zafer
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juat Chin Foo
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Yu Li
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soumita Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heike Wollmann
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Bing Ong
- Biological Resource Centre (BRC), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiping Han
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.,Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hyungwon Choi
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Malmö, Sweden
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Wajner M, Vargas CR, Amaral AU. Disruption of mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress contribute to neurologic dysfunction in organic acidurias. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 696:108646. [PMID: 33098870 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic acidurias (OADs) are inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism biochemically characterized by accumulation of short-chain carboxylic acids in tissues and biological fluids of the affected patients and clinically by predominant neurological manifestations. Some of these disorders are amenable to treatment, which significantly decreases mortality and morbidity, but it is still ineffective to prevent long-term neurologic and systemic complications. Although pathogenesis of OADs is still poorly established, recent human and animal data, such as lactic acidosis, mitochondrial morphological alterations, decreased activities of respiratory chain complexes and altered parameters of oxidative stress, found in tissues from patients and from genetic mice models with these diseases indicate that disruption of critical mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress play an important role in their pathophysiology. Furthermore, organic acids that accumulate in the most prevalent OADs were shown to compromise bioenergetics, by decreasing ATP synthesis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing equivalent content and calcium retention capacity, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation and apoptosis. It is therefore presumed that secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress caused by major metabolites accumulating in OADs contribute to tissue damage in these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil
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Maines E, Catesini G, Boenzi S, Mosca A, Candusso M, Dello Strologo L, Martinelli D, Maiorana A, Liguori A, Olivieri G, Taurisano R, Piemonte F, Rizzo C, Spada M, Dionisi-Vici C. Plasma methylcitric acid and its correlations with other disease biomarkers: The impact in the follow up of patients with propionic and methylmalonic acidemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:1173-1185. [PMID: 32681732 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Methylcitric acid (MCA) analysis has been mainly utilized for the diagnosis of propionate disorders or as a second-tier test in newborn screening, but its utility for patients monitoring still needs to be established. We explored the potential contribution of MCA in the long-term management of organic acidurias. We prospectively evaluated plasma MCA and its relationship with disease biomarkers, clinical status, and disease burden in 22 patients, 13 with propionic acidemia (PA) and nine with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) on standard treatment and/or after transplantation. Samples were collected at scheduled routine controls or during episodes of metabolic decompensation (MD), 10 patients were evaluated after transplantation (six liver, two combined liver and kidney, 2 kidney). MCA levels were higher in PA compared to MMA and its levels were not influenced by the clinical status (MD vs well state). In MMA, MCA was higher in elder patients and, along with fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and plasma methylmalonic acid, negatively correlated with GFR. In both diseases, MCA correlated with ammonia, glycine, lysine, C3, and the C3/C2, C3/C16 ratios. The disease burden showed a direct correlation with MCA and FGF21, for both diseases. All transplanted patients showed a significant reduction of MCA in comparison to baseline values, with some differences dependent on the type of transplantation. Our study provided new insights in understanding the disease pathophysiology, showing similarities between MCA and FGF21 in predicting disease burden, long-term complications and in evaluating the impact of organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Maines
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Catesini
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Boenzi
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Mosca
- Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Manila Candusso
- Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Maiorana
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Liguori
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Olivieri
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Taurisano
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Piemonte
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Rizzo
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Spada
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Haijes HA, Molema F, Langeveld M, Janssen MC, Bosch AM, van Spronsen F, Mulder MF, Verhoeven‐Duif NM, Jans JJ, van der Ploeg AT, Wagenmakers MA, Rubio‐Gozalbo ME, Brouwers MCGJ, de Vries MC, Langendonk JG, Williams M, van Hasselt PM. Retrospective evaluation of the Dutch pre-newborn screening cohort for propionic acidemia and isolated methylmalonic acidemia: What to aim, expect, and evaluate from newborn screening? J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:424-437. [PMID: 31828787 PMCID: PMC7317354 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for effectiveness of newborn screening (NBS) for propionic acidemia (PA) and isolated methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is scarce. Prior to implementation in the Netherlands, we aim to estimate the expected health gain of NBS for PA and MMA. In this national retrospective cohort study, the clinical course of 76/83 Dutch PA and MMA patients, diagnosed between January 1979 and July 2019, was evaluated. Five clinical outcome parameters were defined: adverse outcome of the first symptomatic phase, frequency of acute metabolic decompensations (AMD), cognitive function, mitochondrial complications, and treatment-related complications. Outcomes of patients identified by family testing were compared with the outcomes of their index siblings. An adverse outcome due to the first symptomatic phase was recorded in 46% of the clinically diagnosed patients. Outcome of the first symptomatic phase was similar in 5/9 sibling pairs and better in 4/9 pairs. Based on the day of diagnosis of the clinically diagnosed patients and sibling pair analysis, a preliminary estimated reduction of adverse outcome due to the first symptomatic phase from 46% to 36%-38% was calculated. Among the sibling pairs, AMD frequency, cognitive function, mitochondrial, and treatment-related complications were comparable. These results suggest that the health gain of NBS for PA and MMA in overall outcome may be limited, as only a modest decrease of adverse outcomes due to the first symptomatic phase is expected. With current clinical practice, no reduced AMD frequency, improved cognitive function, or reduced frequency of mitochondrial or treatment-related complications can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke A. Haijes
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of GeneticsUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Section Metabolic Diseases, Department of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Femke Molema
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Langeveld
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirian C. Janssen
- Department of Internal MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Annet M. Bosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Francjan van Spronsen
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Margot F. Mulder
- Department of PediatricsAmsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nanda M. Verhoeven‐Duif
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of GeneticsUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Judith J.M. Jans
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of GeneticsUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Ans T. van der Ploeg
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Margreet A. Wagenmakers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - M. Estela Rubio‐Gozalbo
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn C. G. J. Brouwers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic DiseaseMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Maaike C. de Vries
- Department of PediatricsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Janneke G. Langendonk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Monique Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic DiseasesErasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Peter M. van Hasselt
- Section Metabolic Diseases, Department of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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39
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Luciani A, Schumann A, Berquez M, Chen Z, Nieri D, Failli M, Debaix H, Festa BP, Tokonami N, Raimondi A, Cremonesi A, Carrella D, Forny P, Kölker S, Diomedi Camassei F, Diaz F, Moraes CT, Di Bernardo D, Baumgartner MR, Devuyst O. Impaired mitophagy links mitochondrial disease to epithelial stress in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency. Nat Commun 2020; 11:970. [PMID: 32080200 PMCID: PMC7033137 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of mitochondrial network in terminally differentiated cells contributes to a broad spectrum of disorders. Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is one of the most common inherited metabolic disorders, due to deficiency of the mitochondrial methylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase (MMUT). How MMUT deficiency triggers cell damage remains unknown, preventing the development of disease-modifying therapies. Here we combine genetic and pharmacological approaches to demonstrate that MMUT deficiency induces metabolic and mitochondrial alterations that are exacerbated by anomalies in PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, causing the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria that trigger epithelial stress and ultimately cell damage. Using drug-disease network perturbation modelling, we predict targetable pathways, whose modulation repairs mitochondrial dysfunctions in patient-derived cells and alleviate phenotype changes in mmut-deficient zebrafish. These results suggest a link between primary MMUT deficiency, diseased mitochondria, mitophagy dysfunction and epithelial stress, and provide potential therapeutic perspectives for MMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Luciani
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Anke Schumann
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marine Berquez
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Nieri
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mario Failli
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Huguette Debaix
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Paola Festa
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natsuko Tokonami
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Raimondi
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Center, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Cremonesi
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diego Carrella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, 80078, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrick Forny
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Francisca Diaz
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 33136, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 33136, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Diego Di Bernardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, 80078, Naples, Italy
| | - Matthias R Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology and NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1040, Brussels, Belgium.
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Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe, and sometimes lethal, monogenic metabolic disorder in need of improved treatments. A number of new genomic therapies, which include canonical adeno-associated virus gene addition, genome editing, and systemic mRNA therapy, have shown great promise in murine models of MMA. Each approach has unique advantages and disadvantages for treating genetic disorders like MMA. This article reviews traditional viral gene therapy experiments that have provided enabling proof of concept studies in animal models, and newer approaches that may emerge as effective treatments for MMA and related disorders of organic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy J. Chandler
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Charles P. Venditti
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
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41
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Haijes HA, Jans JJM, Tas SY, Verhoeven-Duif NM, van Hasselt PM. Pathophysiology of propionic and methylmalonic acidemias. Part 1: Complications. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:730-744. [PMID: 31119747 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, advances in clinical care for patients suffering from propionic acidemia (PA) and isolated methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) have resulted in improved survival. These advances were possible thanks to new pathophysiological insights. However, patients may still suffer from devastating complications which largely determine the unsatisfying overall outcome. To optimize our treatment strategies, better insight in the pathophysiology of complications is needed. Here, we perform a systematic data-analysis of cohort studies and case-reports on PA and MMA. For each of the prevalent and rare complications, we summarize the current hypotheses and evidence for the underlying pathophysiology of that complication. A common hypothesis on pathophysiology of many of these complications is that mitochondrial impairment plays a major role. Assuming that complications in which mitochondrial impairment may play a role are overrepresented in monogenic mitochondrial diseases and, conversely, that complications in which mitochondrial impairment does not play a role are underrepresented in mitochondrial disease, we studied the occurrence of the complications in PA and MMA in mitochondrial and other monogenic diseases, using data provided by the Human Phenotype Ontology. Lastly, we combined this with evidence from literature to draw conclusions on the possible role of mitochondrial impairment in each complication. Altogether, this review provides a comprehensive overview on what we, to date, do and do not understand about pathophysiology of complications occurring in PA and MMA and about the role of mitochondrial impairment herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke A Haijes
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Section Metabolic Diseases, Department of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith J M Jans
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Y Tas
- Section Metabolic Diseases, Department of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda M Verhoeven-Duif
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van Hasselt
- Section Metabolic Diseases, Department of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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42
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Forny P, Hochuli M, Rahman Y, Deheragoda M, Weber A, Baruteau J, Grunewald S. Liver neoplasms in methylmalonic aciduria: An emerging complication. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:793-802. [PMID: 31260114 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methylmalonic aciduria (MMA) is an inherited metabolic disease caused by methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency. Early-onset disease usually presents with a neonatal acute metabolic acidosis, rapidly causing lethargy, coma, and death if untreated. Late-onset patients have a better prognosis but develop common long-term complications, including neurological deterioration, chronic kidney disease, pancreatitis, optic neuropathy, and chronic liver disease. Of note, oncogenesis has been reported anecdotally in organic acidurias. Here, we present three novel and two previously published cases of MMA patients who developed malignant liver neoplasms. All five patients were affected by a severe, early-onset form of isolated MMA (4 mut0 , 1 cblB subtype). Different types of liver neoplasms, that is, hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, were diagnosed at ages ranging from infancy to adulthood. We discuss pathophysiological hypotheses involved in MMA-related oncogenesis such as mitochondrial dysfunction, impairment of tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative stress, and effects of oncometabolites. Based on the intriguing occurrence of liver abnormalities, including neoplasms, we recommend close biochemical and imaging monitoring of liver disease in routine follow-up of MMA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Forny
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Institute of Child Health University College London, London, UK
| | - Michel Hochuli
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yusof Rahman
- Adult Inherited Metabolic Disease, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Achim Weber
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Institute of Child Health University College London, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Grunewald
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Institute of Child Health University College London, London, UK
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43
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Pavuluri K, Manoli I, Pass A, Li Y, Vernon HJ, Venditti CP, McMahon MT. Noninvasive monitoring of chronic kidney disease using pH and perfusion imaging. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw8357. [PMID: 31453331 PMCID: PMC6693904 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw8357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a cardinal feature of methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), a prototypic organic acidemia. Impaired growth, low activity, and protein restriction affect muscle mass and lower serum creatinine, which can delay diagnosis and management of renal disease. We have designed an alternative strategy for monitoring renal function based on administration of a pH sensitive MRI agent and assessed this in a mouse model. This protocol produced three metrics: kidney contrast, ~4% for severe renal disease mice compared to ~13% and ~25% for moderate renal disease and healthy controls, filtration fraction (FF), ~15% for severe renal disease mice compared to ~79% and 100% for moderate renal disease and healthy controls, and variation in pH, ~0.45 units for severe disease mice compared to 0.06 and 0.01 for moderate disease and healthy controls. Our results demonstrate that MRI can be used for early detection and monitoring of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- KowsalyaDevi Pavuluri
- Division of MR Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Irini Manoli
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra Pass
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuguo Li
- Division of MR Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hilary J. Vernon
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles P. Venditti
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael T. McMahon
- Division of MR Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Corresponding author.
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