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Araujo TT, Dionizio A, Carvalho TS, Boas Feitosa CMV, Vertuan M, Câmara JVF, Henrique-Silva F, Marchetto R, Chiaratti MR, Santos AC, Alves LO, Ferro M, Buzalaf MAR. Acquired enamel pellicle and biofilm engineering with a combination of acid-resistant proteins (CaneCPI-5, StN15, and Hemoglobin) for enhanced protection against dental caries - in vivo and in vitro investigations. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:261. [PMID: 38642171 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05651-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed in two-legs. In the in vivo, we explored the potential of a rinse solution containing a combination (Comb) of 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5 (sugarcane-derive cystatin), 1.88 × 10- 5M StN15 (statherin-derived peptide) and 1.0 mg/mL hemoglobin (Hb) to change the protein profile of the acquired enamel pellicle(AEP) and the microbiome of the enamel biofilm. The in vitro, was designed to reveal the effects of Comb on the viability and bacterial composition of the microcosm biofilm, as well as on enamel demineralization. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo study, 10 participants rinsed (10mL,1 min) with either deionized water (H2O-control) or Comb. AEP and biofilm were collected after 2 and 3 h, respectively, after rinsing. AEP samples underwent proteomics analysis, while biofilm microbiome was assessed via 16 S-rRNA Next Generation Sequencing(NGS). In vitro study, a microcosm biofilm protocol was employed. Ninety-six enamel specimens were treated with: 1)Phosphate-Buffered Solution-PBS(negative-control), 2)0.12%Chlorhexidine, 3)500ppmNaF and 4)Comb. Resazurin, colony-forming-units(CFU) and Transversal Microradiography(TMR) were performed. RESULTS The proteomic results revealed higher quantity of proteins in the Comb compared to control associated with immune system response and oral microbial adhesion. Microbiome showed a significant increase in bacteria linked to a healthy microbiota, in the Comb group. In the in vitro study, Comb group was only efficient in reducing mineral-loss and lesion-depth compared to the PBS. CONCLUSIONS The AEP modification altered the subsequent layers, affecting the initial process of bacterial adhesion of pathogenic and commensal bacteria, as well as enamel demineralization. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Comb group shows promise in shaping oral health by potentially introducing innovative approaches to prevent enamel demineralization and deter tooth decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Teodoro Araujo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, São Paulo, Bauru, 17012- 901, Brazil
| | - Aline Dionizio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, São Paulo, Bauru, 17012- 901, Brazil
| | - Thamyris Souza Carvalho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, São Paulo, Bauru, 17012- 901, Brazil
| | - Chelsea Maria Vilas Boas Feitosa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, São Paulo, Bauru, 17012- 901, Brazil
| | - Mariele Vertuan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, São Paulo, Bauru, 17012- 901, Brazil
| | - João Victor Frazão Câmara
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Flavio Henrique-Silva
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Marchetto
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14800-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto Chiaratti
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Angélica Camargo Santos
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Lindomar Oliveira Alves
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Milene Ferro
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Paulista State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, 13500230, Brazil
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, São Paulo, Bauru, 17012- 901, Brazil.
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Martínez-Hernández M, Reyes-Grajeda JP, Hannig M, Almaguer-Flores A. Salivary pellicle modulates biofilm formation on titanium surfaces. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6135-6145. [PMID: 37646908 PMCID: PMC10560156 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of the salivary pellicle (SP) formed on titanium (Ti) surfaces to modulate the formation of a biofilm composed of Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces naeslundii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ti substrates were incubated for 2 h with a pool of saliva samples obtained from 10 systemically and periodontally healthy subjects. Enamel substrates were included as a biological reference. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy analysis were used to analyze the formation of the salivary pellicle. After the SP formation, the surfaces were incubated for 12 h with a mix of Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces naeslundii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The number of bacterial cells attached to each surface was determined by the XTT assay while bacterial viability was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy using the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. RESULTS The SEM and Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of a salivary pellicle formed on the tested surfaces. Regarding the biofilm formation, the presence of the SP decreases the number of the bacterial cells detected in the test surfaces, compared with the uncover substrates. Even more, the SP-covered substrates showed similar bacterial counts in both Ti and enamel surfaces, meaning that the physicochemical differences of the substrates were less determinant than the presence of the SP. While on the SP-uncover substrates, differences in the bacterial adhesion patterns were directly related to the physicochemical nature of the substrates. CONCLUSIONS The salivary pellicle was the main modulator in the development of the biofilm consisting of representative oral bacteria on the Ti substrates. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results of this study provide valuable information on the modulatory effect of the salivary pellicle on biofilm formation; such information allows us to understand better the events involved in the formation of oral biofilms on Ti dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Martínez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biointerfases, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda
- Laboratorio de Estructura de Proteínas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Argelia Almaguer-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biointerfases, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
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Oliveira BP, Buzalaf MAR, Silva NC, Ventura TMO, Toniolo J, Rodrigues JA. Proteomic profile of the acquired enamel pellicle of children with early childhood caries and caries-free children. Eur J Oral Sci 2023:e12944. [PMID: 37414726 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Acquired enamel pellicle plays an important role in the pathogenesis of early childhood caries (ECC), working as a protective interface between the tooth and the oral cavity. The aim of this cross-sectional in vivo proteomic study was to compare the acquired enamel pellicle protein profile of 3-5-year-old children with ECC (n = 10) and caries-free children (n = 10). Acquired enamel pellicle samples were collected and processed for proteomic analysis (nLC-ESI-MS/MS). In total, 241 proteins were identified. Basic salivary proline-rich protein 1 and 2, Cystatin-B, and SA were found only in the caries free group. When comparing caries free and ECC groups, lower protein levels were found in the caries free group for hemoglobin subunit beta, delta, epsilon, gamma-2, globin domain-containing protein and gamma-1, neutrophil defensin 3, serum albumin, protein S100-A8, and S100-A9. The proteins histatin-1, statherin, salivary acidic proline-rich phosphoprotein ½, proline-rich protein 4, submaxillary gland androgen-regulated protein 3B, alpha-amylase 1 and 2B were found at higher levels in the caries free group. The exclusive and the proteins found at higher levels in the caries free group might have protective functions that play a role in the prevention of caries, besides providing important insights to be evaluated in future studies for the possible development of new therapeutic strategies for ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethania Paludo Oliveira
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Caldeira Silva
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Júlia Toniolo
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jonas Almeida Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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He Y, Vasilev K, Zilm P. pH-Responsive Biomaterials for the Treatment of Dental Caries-A Focussed and Critical Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1837. [PMID: 37514024 PMCID: PMC10385394 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a common and costly multifactorial biofilm disease caused by cariogenic bacteria that ferment carbohydrates to lactic acid, demineralizing the inorganic component of teeth. Therefore, low pH (pH 4.5) is a characteristic signal of the localised carious environment, compared to a healthy oral pH range (6.8 to 7.4). The development of pH-responsive delivery systems that release antibacterial agents in response to low pH has gained attention as a targeted therapy for dental caries. Release is triggered by high levels of acidogenic species and their reduction may select for the establishment of health-associated biofilm communities. Moreover, drug efficacy can be amplified by the modification of the delivery system to target adhesion to the plaque biofilm to extend the retention time of antimicrobial agents in the oral cavity. In this review, recent developments of different pH-responsive nanocarriers and their biofilm targeting mechanisms are discussed. This review critically discusses the current state of the art and innovations in the development and use of smart delivery materials for dental caries treatment. The authors' views for the future of the field are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping He
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Peter Zilm
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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Zhou W, Chen H, Weir MD, Oates TW, Zhou X, Wang S, Cheng L, Xu HH. Novel bioactive dental restorations to inhibit secondary caries in enamel and dentin under oral biofilms. J Dent 2023; 133:104497. [PMID: 37011782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide the first review on cutting-edge research on the development of new bioactive restorations to inhibit secondary caries in enamel and dentin under biofilms. State-of-the-art bioactive and therapeutic materials design, structure-property relationships, performance and efficacies in oral biofilm models. DATA, SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION Researches on development and assessment new secondary caries inhibition restorations via in vitro and in vivo biofilm-based secondary caries models were included. The search of articles was carried out in Web of Science, PubMed, Medline and Scopus. CONCLUSIONS Based on the found articles, novel bioactive materials are divided into different categories according to their remineralization and antibacterial biofunctions. In vitro and in vivo biofilm-based secondary caries models are effective way of evaluating the materials efficacies. However, new intelligent and pH-responsive materials were still urgent need. And the materials evaluation should be performed via more clinical relevant biofilm-based secondary caries models. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Secondary caries is a primary reason for dental restoration failures. Biofilms produce acids, causing demineralization and secondary caries. To inhibit dental caries and improve the health and quality of life for millions of people, it is necessary to summarize the present state of technologies and new advances in dental biomaterials for preventing secondary caries and protecting tooth structures against oral biofilm attacks. In addition, suggestions for future studies are provided.
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Ventura TMO, Buzalaf MAR, Baumann T, Pelá VT, Niemeyer SH, Crusca E, Marchetto R, Lussi A, Carvalho TS. New insights into the protective effect of statherin-derived peptide for different acquired enamel pellicle formation times on the native human enamel surfaces. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 148:105643. [PMID: 36773559 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the protective impact of acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) engineering with statherin-derived peptide (StatpSpS), considering different AEP formation times. DESIGN A total of 120 native human enamel specimens were divided into 2 main groups: 1) No AEP engineering and 2) AEP engineering with StatpSpS (pretreatment for 1 min; 37 °C, under agitation). Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups: No pellicle, or 1, 60-and-120 min AEP formation times (human saliva; 37 °C). The specimens were then subjected to an erosive challenge (1% citric acid; pH 3.6; 1 min; 25 °C). This procedure was repeated for 5 cycles. Relative surface reflection intensity (%SRI) was measured and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the enamel surface was done. RESULTS All AEP engineering groups protected against initial dental erosion in comparison with No pellicle (p < 0.001), likewise all groups with AEP, independent of engineering or formation times (p 0.001). Furthermore, engineering with StatpSpS even without the presence of AEP protected the enamel when compared to the No engineering/No pellicle group (p < 0.0001). No difference was observed regarding the protection from the different AEP formation times (p > 0.05). Regarding the SEM analysis, in the "No AEP engineering & No AEP" group, a more severe effect of citric acid was observed, with more enamel prism heads and scratches on the surface when compared with the other groups. CONCLUSIONS AEP provides almost instant protection at formation times even as short as 1 min, protecting the native enamel against erosion. Treatment with StatpSpS by itself provides similar protection as the AEP.
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Agorastos G, van Halsema E, Bast A, Klosse P. On the importance of saliva in mouthfeel sensations. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2023.100667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Yang H, Xie X, Li X, Bai Y. Polymethyl methacrylate resin containing ε-poly-L-lysine and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine with antimicrobial effects. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:228.e1-228.e8. [PMID: 36476985 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used in dentistry, including as a denture base material. However, the colonization of a PMMA surface by microbial microorganisms could increase the risk of oral diseases such as denture stomatitis and gingivitis. The development of PMMA with antibacterial properties should improve its clinical application, but whether adding ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) provides antimicrobial effects is unclear. PURPOSE This in vitro study aimed to develop a novel antibacterial PMMA resin containing the natural nontoxic antibacterial agent ε-PL and the protein repellent agent MPC. The mechanical properties, protein repellency, and antimicrobial activities of the resin were then evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Different mass fractions of ε-PL and MPC were mixed into PMMA as the experimental groups, with unaltered PMMA as the control group. The flexural strength (n=10) and surface roughness (n=6) of the resulting mixtures were measured to determine their mechanical properties. The antiprotein properties were measured by using the micro bicinchoninic acid method (n=6). The antimicrobial effect of the resin was assessed using live/dead staining (n=6) and methyltransferase (MTT) assays (n=10). According to the variance homogeneity and normal distribution results, 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey honestly significant difference test or the Welch test and the Games-Howell test were used (α=.05 for all tests). RESULTS No significant differences were found in the flexural strength values and surface roughness of the specimens containing 1.5% MPC and 1.5% ε-PL compared with those of the control (P>.05). The addition of ε-PL to the PMMA resin alone significantly increased its bactericidal properties (P<.05). Adding both ε-PL and MPC further increased the antibacterial activity of the PMMA resin without increasing protein adhesion more than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of both ε-PL and MPC into PMMA improved its antibacterial capacity without affecting its mechanical properties and did not increase protein adhesion. Therefore, the novel PMMA fabricated in this study shows promise for dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Dental student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xianju Xie
- Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Professor, Dean, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
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Ahmad P, Hussain A, Siqueira WL. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches for salivary protein biomarkers discovery and dental caries diagnosis: A critical review. Mass Spectrom Rev 2022:e21822. [PMID: 36444686 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries is a multifactorial chronic disease resulting from the intricate interplay among acid-generating bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates, and several host factors such as saliva. Saliva comprises several proteins which could be utilized as biomarkers for caries prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis. Mass spectrometry-based salivary proteomics approaches, owing to their sensitivity, provide the opportunity to investigate and unveil crucial cariogenic pathogen activity and host indicators and may demonstrate clinically relevant biomarkers to improve caries diagnosis and management. The present review outlines the published literature of human clinical proteomics investigations on caries and extensively elucidates frequently reported salivary proteins as biomarkers. This review also discusses important aspects while designing an experimental proteomics workflow. The protein-protein interactions and the clinical relevance of salivary proteins as biomarkers for caries, together with uninvestigated domains of the discipline are also discussed critically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Ahmad
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ahmed Hussain
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Walter L Siqueira
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Flemming J, Hannig C, Hannig M. Caries Management-The Role of Surface Interactions in De- and Remineralization-Processes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237044. [PMID: 36498618 PMCID: PMC9737279 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioadhesion and surface interactions on enamel are of essential relevance for initiation, progression and prevention of caries and erosions. Salivary proteins on and within initial carious and erosive lesions can facilitate or aggravate de- and remineralization. This applies for the pellicle layer, the subsurface pellicle and for proteins within initial carious lesions. Little is known about these proteinaceous structures related to initial caries and erosion. Accordingly, there is a considerable demand for an understanding of the underlying processes occurring at the interface between the tooth surface and the oral cavity in order to develop novel agents that limit and modulate caries and erosion. Objectives and findings: The present paper depicts the current knowledge of the processes occurring at the interface of the tooth surface and the oral fluids. Proteinaceous layers on dental hard tissues can prevent or aggravate demineralization processes, whereas proteins within initial erosive or carious lesions might hinder remineralization considerably and restrict the entry of ions into lesions. CONCLUSIONS Despite the fact that organic-inorganic surface interactions are of essential relevance for de- and remineralization processes at the tooth surface, there is limited knowledge on these clinically relevant phenomena. Accordingly, intensive research is necessary to develop new approaches in preventive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Flemming
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, D-66424 Homburg, Germany
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Tang Y, Lei L, Yang D, Zheng J, Zeng Q, Xiao H, Zhou Z. Calcium release-mediated adsorption and lubrication of salivary proteins on resin-based dental composites. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 135:105437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Zhang X, Bai R, Sun Q, Zhuang Z, Zhang Y, Chen S, Han B. Bio-inspired special wettability in oral antibacterial applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1001616. [PMID: 36110327 PMCID: PMC9468580 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1001616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most oral diseases originate from biofilms whose formation is originated from the adhesion of salivary proteins and pioneer bacteria. Therefore, antimicrobial materials are mainly based on bactericidal methods, most of which have drug resistance and toxicity. Natural antifouling surfaces inspire new antibacterial strategies. The super wettable surfaces of lotus leaves and fish scales prompt design of biomimetic oral materials covered or mixed with super wettable materials to prevent adhesion. Bioinspired slippery surfaces come from pitcher plants, whose porous surfaces are infiltrated with lubricating liquid to form superhydrophobic surfaces to reduce the contact with liquids. It is believed that these new methods could provide promising directions for oral antimicrobial practice, improving antimicrobial efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Rushui Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiannan Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zimeng Zhuang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfan Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfan Zhang, ; Si Chen, ; Bing Han,
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfan Zhang, ; Si Chen, ; Bing Han,
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfan Zhang, ; Si Chen, ; Bing Han,
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Fernández CE, Brandao ACS, Bícego-Pereira EC, Del Bel Cury AA, Cury JA, Tenuta LMA. Effect of pH and titratable acidity on enamel and dentine erosion. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5867-5873. [PMID: 35588021 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relative effect of pH and titratable acidity on tooth erosion remains unclear. We determined the effect of both properties on in vivo salivary pH recovery and on enamel and dentine early erosion in situ. METHODS Solutions simulating acidic beverages with different pHs (2.5 or 3.5) and titratable acidities (0, 25, or 100 mM citric acid) were tested. In an in vivo study (n = 20 participants), the salivary pH was determined before, during, and up to 2 min after exposure to the tested solutions. In situ, 12 participants exposed enamel and root dentine slabs to the tested solutions simulating a beverage consumption; early erosion was assessed by percentage of surface hardness loss (%SHL). Groups were compared by ANOVA (p < 0.05). RESULTS Saliva pH was lower after exposure to solutions at pH 2.5, irrespective of titratable acidity; pH recovery took longer for solutions with higher titratable acidities, irrespective of their pHs. In situ, the highest %SHL was observed for the solution with lower pH and higher titratable acidities. The addition of citric acid increased the %SHL by 2.5-3 times in enamel, and at least 5 times in dentine. CONCLUSIONS Both pH and titratable acidity may play a role on the erosive potential of acidic beverages. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Acidic beverages with lower pHs promote erosion by an initial acid etching of the surface; those with a higher titratable acidity slow down the salivary pH recovery. Both properties contribute to the overall erosive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza E Fernández
- Cariology Unit, Department Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Jaime A Cury
- Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Livia M A Tenuta
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave. Room 5223, MI, 48109-1078, Ann Arbor, USA.
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14
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Trautmann S, Künzel N, Fecher‐Trost C, Barghash A, Dudek J, Flockerzi V, Helms V, Hannig M. Is the proteomic composition of the salivary pellicle dependent on the substrate material? Proteomics Clin Appl 2022; 16:e2100109. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.202100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Trautmann
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Nicolas Künzel
- Center for Bioinformatics Saarland Informatics Campus Saarland University Saarbruecken Germany
| | - Claudia Fecher‐Trost
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology PZMS Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Ahmad Barghash
- Center for Bioinformatics Saarland Informatics Campus Saarland University Saarbruecken Germany
- Department of Computer Science German Jordanian University Amman Jordan
| | - Johanna Dudek
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology PZMS Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics Saarland Informatics Campus Saarland University Saarbruecken Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital Saarland University Homburg Germany
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15
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Colijn I, Ash A, Dufauret M, Lepage M, Loussert-Fonta C, Leser ME, Wilde PJ, Wooster TJ. Colloidal dynamics of emulsion droplets in mouth. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 620:153-167. [PMID: 35421752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of emulsions with the tongue is key to the sensory appeal of food and can potentially be exploited for oral/buccal pharmaceutical delivery. Whilst there is good understanding of the different mucoadhesive forces governing emulsion interaction with the tongue, their relative importance is not well understood. In addition, the physical location of emulsions within the saliva papillae on the tongue is not understood at all. A combination of ex vivo salivary film, and in vivo oral coating experiments were used to determine the importance of different mucoadhesive forces. Mucoadhesion of cationic emulsions was largely driven by electrostatic complexation. SDS-PAGE of the in vivo saliva coating highlighted that mucins were largely responsible for cationic emulsion mucoadhesion. Anionic emulsions were bound via hydrophobic/steric interactions to small salivary proteins typically located away from the mucin anchor points. The physical location and clustering of emulsions relative to the salivary film/papillae was probed via the invention of a fluorescent oral microscope. Cationic emulsions were densely clustered close to the papillae whilst anionic emulsions were suspended in the salivary film above the papillae. Interestingly, non-ionic emulsions were also trapped within the salivary film above the papillae as individual droplets. These findings highlight that whilst electrostatic complexation with saliva is a powerful mucoadhesive force, hydrophobic and steric interactions also act to induce oral retention of emulsions. The differences in physical location and clustering of emulsions within the salivary film hint at the 3D locations of the different salivary proteins driving each mucoadhesive interaction. This novel understanding of emulsion saliva/papillae interactions has potential to aid efficacy of buccal pharmaceutical delivery and the reduction of astringency in plant-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna Colijn
- Nestlé Institute of Material Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers Chez les Blancs, Lausanne, Switzerland; Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| | - Anthony Ash
- Nestlé Institute of Material Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers Chez les Blancs, Lausanne, Switzerland; Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Dufauret
- Nestlé Institute of Material Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers Chez les Blancs, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melissa Lepage
- Nestlé Institute of Material Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers Chez les Blancs, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Loussert-Fonta
- Nestlé Institute of Material Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers Chez les Blancs, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin E Leser
- Nestlé Institute of Material Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers Chez les Blancs, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Wilde
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Tim J Wooster
- Nestlé Institute of Material Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers Chez les Blancs, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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16
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Luan C, Jiang N, Zhou X, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Li Z, Li C. Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of probiotic Lactobacillus curvatus BSF206 and Pediococcus pentosaceus AC1-2 against Streptococcus mutans. Microb Pathog 2022; 164:105446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Shakerian K, Birang R, Birang E, Narimani T, Naghsh N, Fekrazad R. Comparison of antimicrobial effect of several decontaminating methods on contaminated Titanium discs. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.363570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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18
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Grohe B, Mittler S. Advanced non-fluoride approaches to dental enamel remineralization: The next level in enamel repair management. Biomater Biosyst 2021; 4:100029. [PMID: 36824571 PMCID: PMC9934497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern dentistry, a minimally invasive management of early caries lesions or early-stage erosive tooth wear (ETW) with synthetic remineralization systems has become indispensable. In addition to fluoride, which is still the non-plus-ultra in these early caries/ETW treatments, a number of new developments are in the test phase or have already been commercialized. Some of these systems claim that they are comparable or even superior to fluoride in terms of their ability to remineralize enamel. Besides, their use can help avoid some of the risks associated with fluoride and support treatments of patients with a high risk of caries. Two individual non-fluoride systems can be distinguished; intrinsic and extrinsic remineralization approaches. Intrinsic (protein/peptide) systems adsorb to hydroxyapatite crystals/organics located within enamel prisms and accumulate endogenous calcium and phosphate ions from saliva, which ultimately leads to the re-growth of enamel crystals. Extrinsic remineralization systems function on the basis of the external (non-saliva) supply of calcium and phosphate to the crystals to be re-grown. This article, following an introduction into enamel (re)mineralization and fluoride-assisted remineralization, discusses the requirements for non-fluoride remineralization systems, particularly their mechanisms and challenges, and summarizes the findings that underpin the most promising advances in enamel remineralization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Grohe
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, ON, N6A 4V2 Canada,Corresponding author at: 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada.
| | - Silvia Mittler
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7 Canada,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9 Canada
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19
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Gunaratnam G, Dudek J, Jung P, Becker SL, Jacobs K, Bischoff M, Hannig M. Quantification of the Adhesion Strength of Candida albicans to Tooth Enamel. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2213. [PMID: 34835339 PMCID: PMC8624353 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Caries is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, which is caused by the degradation of the tooth enamel surface. In earlier research the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans has been associated with the formation of caries in children. Colonization of teeth by C. albicans starts with the initial adhesion of individual yeast cells to the tooth enamel surface. In this study, we visualized the initial colonization of C. albicans yeast cells on pellicle-covered enamel by scanning electron microscopy. To quantitatively unravel the initial adhesion strength, we applied fluidic force microscopy-based single-cell force spectroscopy to examine the key adhesion parameters adhesion force, rupture length and de-adhesion work. We analyzed single saliva-treated or untreated yeast cells on tooth enamel specimens with or without salivary pellicle. Under all tested conditions, adhesion forces in the lower nanonewton range were determined. Furthermore, we have found that all adhesion parameters were enhanced on the pellicle-covered compared to the uncovered enamel. Our data suggest that initial adhesion occurs through a strong interaction between yeast cell wall-associated adhesins and the salivary pellicle. Future SCFS studies may show whether specific management of the salivary pellicle reduces the adhesion of C. albicans on teeth and thus contributes to caries prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gubesh Gunaratnam
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (P.J.); (S.L.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Johanna Dudek
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (J.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Philipp Jung
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (P.J.); (S.L.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Sören L. Becker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (P.J.); (S.L.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
- Max Planck School Matter to Life, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (P.J.); (S.L.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (J.D.); (M.H.)
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20
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Balhaddad AA, Garcia IM, Mokeem L, Alsahafi R, Collares FM, Sampaio de Melo MA. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanotubes: Ultrasmall Nanostructures to Engineer Antibacterial and Improved Dental Adhesives and Composites. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:146. [PMID: 34677219 PMCID: PMC8533246 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have unlocked exclusive and relevant capabilities that are being applied to develop new dental restorative materials. Metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes perform functions relevant to a range of dental purposes beyond the traditional role of filler reinforcement-they can release ions from their inorganic compounds damaging oral pathogens, deliver calcium phosphate compounds, provide contrast during imaging, protect dental tissues during a bacterial acid attack, and improve the mineral content of the bonding interface. These capabilities make metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes useful for dental adhesives and composites, as these materials are the most used restorative materials in daily dental practice for tooth restorations. Secondary caries and material fractures have been recognized as the most common routes for the failure of composite restorations and bonding interface in the clinical setting. This review covers the significant capabilities of metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes incorporated into dental adhesives and composites, focusing on the novel benefits of antibacterial properties and how they relate to their translational applications in restorative dentistry. We pay close attention to how the development of contemporary antibacterial dental materials requires extensive interdisciplinary collaboration to accomplish particular and complex biological tasks to tackle secondary caries. We complement our discussion of dental adhesives and composites containing metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes with considerations needed for clinical application. We anticipate that readers will gain a complete picture of the expansive possibilities of using metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes to develop new dental materials and inspire further interdisciplinary development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
- Program in Dental Biomedical Science, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Isadora M. Garcia
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (I.M.G.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Lamia Mokeem
- Program in Dental Biomedical Science, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Rashed Alsahafi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (I.M.G.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo
- Program in Dental Biomedical Science, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Operative Dentistry Division, General Dentistry Department University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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21
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Suharyani I, Fouad Abdelwahab Mohammed A, Muchtaridi M, Wathoni N, Abdassah M. Evolution of Drug Delivery Systems for Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4071-4089. [PMID: 34616142 PMCID: PMC8489189 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s328371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a disease marked by painful oral lesions on the buccal and labial mucosa or tongue. Drug delivery systems (DDS) for RAS include topical forms that manage wound healing, cover the ulcer, and relieve the associated pain. DDS targeting the oral mucosa face a major challenge, especially the short residence times in the mouth due to the effect of “saliva wash-out”, which continually removes the drug. The objective of this review is to study the development of preparation forms and delivery systems of various types and preparations that have been used for RAS management from 1965 until February 2020. There are 20 types of DDS for RAS which were discussed in 62 articles. The preparations were classified into 4 preparation forms: liquid, semi-solid, solid, and miscellaneous. In addition, the ultimate DDS for RAS preparations is the semi-solid forms (41.94%), which include 5 types of DDS are gel, paste, patch, cream, and ointment. This preparation was developed into new preparation form (11.29%), such as adhesive alginates, dentifrice, OraDisc, membranes, bioresorbable plates, pellicles, and gelosomes. Generally, the mucosal drug delivery system is the method of choice in RAS treatment because the ulcer is commonly located in the oral mucosa. In conclusion, these preparations are designed to improve drug delivery and drug activity for the treatment of RAS ulcers. Moreover, almost all of these DDS are topical preparations that use various types of mucoadhesive polymers to increase both residence time in the oral mucosa and pain relief in RAS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ine Suharyani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia.,School of Pharmacy Muhammadiyah Cirebon, Cirebon, Kedawung, 45153, Indonesia
| | | | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Marline Abdassah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
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22
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Harris JA, Huang K, Miloslavsky E, Hanna GJ. Sicca syndrome associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Oral Dis 2021; 28:2083-2092. [PMID: 34379884 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, which seeks to stimulate a patient's own immune system to combat cancer, is quickly becoming a central pillar of cancer therapeutics and has resulted in the development of many novel anticancer therapies. One subtype of cancer immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized cancer treatment and changed the standard of care for multiple indications. However, the advent of ICIs has produced a wide variety of inflammatory side effects termed immune-related adverse events (IRAEs), including ICI-induced Sicca syndrome. This article outlines the clinical features of ICI-induced Sicca syndrome and assesses its reported incidence in clinical trials, case series, and case reports across numerous cancers and treatment modalities. Presentations of ICI-induced Sicca syndrome in patients with pre-existing Sjӧgren's disease and with extra-glandular manifestations will also be explored. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IRAEs, including ICI-induced Sicca syndrome, will be evaluated through an examination of existing literature. Finally, the various treatment and management strategies as well as aims for future work will be discussed and reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A Harris
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Huang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eli Miloslavsky
- Rheumatology Unit, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Glenn J Hanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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23
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Abstract
In the oral environment, the acquired salivary pellicle (ASP) on the tooth surface comprises proteins, glycoproteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The ASP can specifically and rapidly adsorb on the enamel surface to provide effective lubrication, protection, hydration, and remineralisation, as well as be recognised by various bacteria to form a microbial biofilm (plaque). The involved proteins, particularly various phosphoproteins such as statherins, histatins, and proline-rich proteins, are vital to their specific functions. This review first describes the relationship between the biological functions of these proteins and their structures. Subsequently, recent advances in functional biomedical materials derived from these proteins are reviewed in terms of dental/bone therapeutic materials, antibacterial materials, tissue engineering materials, and coatings for medical devices. Finally, perspectives and challenges regarding the rational design and biomedical applications of ASP-derived materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Physical Examination Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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24
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Rasputnis W, Schestakow A, Hannig M. The dentin pellicle - A neglected topic in dental research. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105212. [PMID: 34325346 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE All soft and solid surfaces exposed to the oral cavity are covered by an acquired pellicle. While the pellicle adsorbed on enamel is well researched, only limited data are available on the dentin pellicle. The purpose of the present review is to summarize studies considering the composition, structure and properties of the dentin pellicle and compare them with the current state of research on enamel pellicle. METHODS The literature search was conducted using Medline database and Google Scholar, including checking reference lists of journal articles by handsearching. Thereby, 19 studies were included in the present review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The dentin pellicle has a similar ultrastructure to the enamel pellicle, which is up to 1 μm thick depending on pellicle formation time and localization in the oral cavity. In contrast, due to the lack of studies on the dentin pellicle regarding its composition and properties, a comparison to the enamel pellicle is difficult. So far, only one study showed anti-abrasive properties and data on anti-erosive properties were controversial. Despite becoming more and more clinically relevant due to the increasing frequency of dentin exposure, the dentin pellicle is largely unexplored. For further investigations it is not only necessary to standardize dentin specimens, but also to assess fundamental research on dentin itself, as its complex morphology and composition may have a crucial influence on pellicle formation. Furthermore, a more detailed knowledge of the dentin pellicle may also reveal target sites for modification in favor of its protective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadim Rasputnis
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - Anton Schestakow
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
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25
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Abstract
Saliva protects dental surfaces against cavities (i. e., dental caries), a highly prevalent infectious disease frequently associated with acidogenic Streptococcus mutans. Substantial in vitro evidence supports amylase, a major constituent of saliva, as either protective against caries or supporting caries. We therefore produced mice with targeted deletion of salivary amylase (Amy1) and determined the impact on caries in mice challenged with S. mutans and fed a diet rich in sucrose to promote caries. Total smooth surface and sulcal caries were 2.35-fold and 1.79-fold greater in knockout mice, respectively, plus caries severities were twofold or greater on sulcal and smooth surfaces. In in vitro experiments with samples of whole stimulated saliva, amylase expression did not affect the adherence of S. mutans to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite and slightly increased its aggregation in solution (i.e., oral clearance). Conversely, S. mutans in biofilms formed in saliva with 1% glucose displayed no differences when cultured on polystyrene, but on hydroxyapatite was 40% less with amylase expression, suggesting that recognition by S. mutans of amylase bound to hydroxyapatite suppresses growth. However, this effect was overshadowed in vivo, as the recoveries of S. mutans from dental plaque were similar between both groups of mice, suggesting that amylase expression helps decrease plaque acids from S. mutans that dissolve dental enamel. With amylase deletion, commensal streptococcal species increased from ~75 to 90% of the total oral microbiota, suggesting that amylase may promote higher plaque pH by supporting colonization by base-producing oral commensals. Importantly, collective results indicate that amylase may serve as a biomarker of caries risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Culp
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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26
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Noda M, Sugihara N, Sugimoto Y, Hayashi I, Sugimoto S, Danshiitsoodol N, Sugiyama M. Lactobacillus reuteri BM53-1 Produces a Compound That Inhibits Sticky Glucan Synthesis by Streptococcus mutans. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071390. [PMID: 34199080 PMCID: PMC8307965 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus (S.) mutans and S. sobrinus, produce insoluble and sticky glucans as a biofilm material. The present study demonstrates that a lactic acid bacterium (LAB) named BM53-1 produces a substance that inhibits the sticky glucan synthesis. The BM53-1 strain was isolated from a flower of Actinidia polygama and identified as Lactobacillus reuteri. The substance that inhibits sticky glucan synthesis does not exhibit antibacterial activity against S. mutans. The cariogenic S. mutans produces glucans under the control of three glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes, named GtfB, GtfC, and GtfD. Although GtfB and GtfC produce insoluble glucans, GtfD forms soluble glucans. Through quantitative reverse-transcriptional (qRT)-PCR analysis, it was revealed that the BM53-1-derived glucan-production inhibitor (GI) enhances the transcriptions of gtfB and gtfC genes 2- to 7-fold at the early stage of cultivation. However, that of gtfD was not enhanced in the presence of the GI, indicating that the glucan stickiness produced by S. mutans was significantly weaker in the presence of the GI. Our result demonstrates that Lb. reuteri BM53-1 is useful to prevent dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Noda
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (M.N.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Naho Sugihara
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (M.N.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Yoshimi Sugimoto
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (M.N.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Ikue Hayashi
- Central Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
| | - Sachiko Sugimoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
| | - Narandalai Danshiitsoodol
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (M.N.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Masanori Sugiyama
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (M.N.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (N.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(82)-257-5280
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Wei CX, Burrow MF, Botelho MG, Leung WK. Analysing Complex Oral Protein Samples: Complete Workflow and Case Analysis of Salivary Pellicles. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2801. [PMID: 34202147 PMCID: PMC8267628 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on small quantity, highly complex protein samples, such as salivary pellicle, have been enabled by recent major technological and analytical breakthroughs. Advances in mass spectrometry-based computational proteomics such as Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology have allowed precise identification and quantification of complex protein samples on a proteome-wide scale, which has enabled the determination of corresponding genes and cellular functions at the protein level. The latter was achieved via protein-protein interaction mapping with Gene Ontology annotation. In recent years, the application of these technologies has broken various barriers in small-quantity-complex-protein research such as salivary pellicle. This review provides a concise summary of contemporary proteomic techniques contributing to (1) increased complex protein (up to hundreds) identification using minute sample sizes (µg level), (2) precise protein quantification by advanced stable isotope labelling or label-free approaches and (3) the emerging concepts and techniques regarding computational integration, such as the Gene Ontology Consortium and protein-protein interaction mapping. The latter integrates the structural, genomic, and biological context of proteins and genes to predict protein interactions and functional connections in a given biological context. The same technological breakthroughs and computational integration concepts can also be applied to other low-volume oral protein complexes such as gingival crevicular or peri-implant sulcular fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xuan Wei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.-X.W.); (M.F.B.); (M.G.B.)
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Michael Francis Burrow
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.-X.W.); (M.F.B.); (M.G.B.)
| | - Michael George Botelho
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.-X.W.); (M.F.B.); (M.G.B.)
| | - W. Keung Leung
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (C.-X.W.); (M.F.B.); (M.G.B.)
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Frazão Câmara JV, Araujo TT, Mendez DAC, da Silva NDG, de Medeiros FF, Santos LA, de Souza Carvalho T, Reis FN, Martini T, Moraes SM, Shibao PYT, Groisman S, Magalhães AC, Henrique-Silva F, Buzalaf MAR. Effect of a sugarcane cystatin on the profile and viability of microcosm biofilm and on dentin demineralization. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4133-4139. [PMID: 34059945 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the effect of a sugarcane cystatin (CaneCPI-5) on the microbial profile and viability, as well as on the prevention of dentin demineralization using a microcosm biofilm model. Ninety bovine dentine specimens were divided into five experimental groups according with the solution they were treated for 60 s: (1) PBS (negative control), (2) 0.12% chlorhexidine (positive control), (3) Fluoride (500 ppm F, as NaF), (4) 0.025 mg/ml CaneCPI-5, and (5) 0.05 mg/ml CaneCPI-5. Specimens were incubated with inoculum (McBain's saliva plus human saliva) in the first 8 h, and from then on, they were exposed to McBain saliva containing sucrose and daily treated (60 s) with the solutions for 5 days. Resazurin and colony-forming unit counting assays were performed. Dentin demineralization was measured by transverse micro-radiography (TMR). 0.12% chlorhexidine significantly reduced the metabolic activity of the microcosm biofilm in relation to the negative control and treated groups (p < 0.01). CHX and F significantly reduced the counts of total microorganisms, mutans group streptococci, and lactobacilli when compared with the negative control. None of the treatments was able to significantly reduce dentin demineralization in comparison with the negative control. In the model evaluated, CaneCPI-5 neither altered the microcosm biofilm profile and viability nor protected dentin against demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Frazão Câmara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil.
| | - Tamara Teodoro Araujo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Daniela Alejandra Cusicanqui Mendez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Natara Dias Gomes da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fávaro de Medeiros
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Lethycia Almeida Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Thamyris de Souza Carvalho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Navas Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Martini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Samanta Mascarenhas Moraes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | | | - Sonia Groisman
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, R. Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-617, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
| | - Flavio Henrique-Silva
- Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, s/n, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75-Vila Regina, Bauru, SP, 17011-220, Brazil
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Abstract
Saliva has become an attractive body fluid for on-site, remote, and real-time monitoring of oral and systemic health. At the same time, the scientific community needs a saliva-centered information platform that keeps pace with the rapid accumulation of new data and knowledge by annotating, refining, and updating the salivary proteome catalog. We developed the Human Salivary Proteome (HSP) Wiki as a public data platform for researching and retrieving custom-curated data and knowledge on the saliva proteome. The HSP Wiki is dynamically compiled and updated based on published saliva proteome studies and up-to-date protein reference records. It integrates a wide range of available information by funneling in data from established external protein, genome, transcriptome, and glycome databases. In addition, the HSP Wiki incorporates data from human disease-related studies. Users can explore the proteome of saliva simply by browsing the database, querying the available data, performing comparisons of data sets, and annotating existing protein entries using a simple, intuitive interface. The annotation process includes both user feedback and curator committee review to ensure the quality and validity of each entry. Here, we present the first overview of features and functions the HSP Wiki offers. As a saliva proteome-centric, publicly accessible database, the HSP Wiki will advance the knowledge of saliva composition and function in health and disease for users across a wide range of disciplines. As a community-based data- and knowledgebase, the HSP Wiki will serve as a worldwide platform to exchange salivary proteome information, inspire novel research ideas, and foster cross-discipline collaborations. The HSP Wiki will pave the way for harnessing the full potential of the salivary proteome for diagnosis, risk prediction, therapy of oral and systemic diseases, and preparedness for emerging infectious diseases.Database URL: https://salivaryproteome.nidcr.nih.gov/.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Lau
- Office of Intramural Research, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Hardt
- Forsyth Center for Salivary Diagnostics, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y H Zhang
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - M Freire
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S Ruhl
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Flemming J, Meyer-Probst CT, Speer K, Kölling-Speer I, Hannig C, Hannig M. Preventive Applications of Polyphenols in Dentistry-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4892. [PMID: 34063086 PMCID: PMC8124254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural substances that have been shown to provide various health benefits. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic effects have been described. At the same time, they inhibit the actions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Thus, studies have also examined their effects within the oral cavity. This review provides an overview on the different polyphenols, and their structure and interactions with the tooth surface and the pellicle. In particular, the effects of various tea polyphenols on bioadhesion and erosion have been reviewed. The current research confirms that polyphenols can reduce the growth of cariogenic bacteria. Furthermore, they can decrease the adherence of bacteria to the tooth surface and improve the erosion-protective properties of the acquired enamel pellicle. Tea polyphenols, especially, have the potential to contribute to an oral health-related diet. However, in vitro studies have mainly been conducted. In situ studies and clinical studies need to be extended and supplemented in order to significantly contribute to additive prevention measures in caries prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Flemming
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.F.); (C.H.)
| | - Clara Theres Meyer-Probst
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.F.); (C.H.)
| | - Karl Speer
- Special Food Chemistry and Food Production, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (K.S.); (I.K.-S.)
| | - Isabelle Kölling-Speer
- Special Food Chemistry and Food Production, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (K.S.); (I.K.-S.)
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.F.); (C.H.)
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421 Homburg, Germany;
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31
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Abstract
The salivary pellicle, an adlayer formed by adsorption of salivary components on teeth and dental biomaterials, has direct consequences on basic outcomes of dentistry. Here, we provide an overview of salivary pellicle formation processes with a critical focus on dental biomaterials. We describe and critique the array of salivary pellicle measurement techniques. We also discuss factors that may affect salivary pellicle formation and the heterogeneity of the published literature describing salivary pellicle formation on dental biomaterials. Finally, we survey the many effects salivary pellicles have on dental biomaterials and highlight its implications on design criteria for dental biomaterials. Future investigations may lead to rationally designed dental biomaterials to control the salivary pellicle and enhance material function and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
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Pateel DGS, Gunjal S, Fong LF, Hanapi NSM. Association of Salivary Statherin, Calcium, and Proline-Rich Proteins on Oral Hygiene: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:1982083. [PMID: 33688346 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1982083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Saliva, as a complex biofluid, plays a pivotal role in maintaining oral health and tooth integrity. There has been inconsistent data available on the relationship between salivary parameters and oral health. This study aims to investigate the association between salivary statherin, acidic proline-rich proteins (aPRP), and calcium with oral hygiene status. Methods One hundred and eighty-eight healthy subjects aged between 18 and 50 years with varying oral hygiene status who gave consent to participate were included in this cross-sectional study. The subjects were recruited from primary oral health care of MAHSA University. Oral hygiene of all the participants was measured using Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified (OHI-S). Stimulated saliva collected using paraffin wax was analyzed for salivary statherin, aPRP, and calcium. The relationship between salivary statherin, aPRP, and calcium levels with OHI-S was assessed using Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient; the strength of relationship was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results The study found a weak positive correlation (r = 0.179, p = 0.014) between salivary statherin and OHI-S; weak negative correlation (r = −0.187, p = 0.010) between salivary aPRP and OHI-S; and moderate negative correlation between salivary statherin and salivary aPRP levels (r = −0.50, p < 0.001) which were statistically significant. Conclusion Poor oral hygiene is associated with increased statherin and reduced aPRP levels in saliva. Thus, these salivary components may have a role in predicting oral hygiene status.
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Abstract
Implant devices have = proven a successful treatment modality in reconstructive surgeries. However, increasing rates of peri-implant diseases demand further examination of their pathogenesis. Polymicrobial biofilm formation on titanium surfaces has been considered the main risk factor for inflammatory processes on tissues surrounding implant devices, which often lead to implant failure. To overcome microbial accumulation on titanium surfaces biofilm targeting strategies have been developed to modify the surface and incorporate antimicrobial coatings. Because antibiotics are widely used to treat polymicrobial infections, these agents have recently started to be incorporated on titanium surface. This review discusses the biofilm formation on titanium dental implants and key factors to be considered in therapeutic and preventative strategies. Moreover, a systematic review was conducted on coatings developed for titanium surfaces using different antibiotics. This review will also shed light on potential alternative strategies aiming to reduce microbial loads and control polymicrobial infection on implanted devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Gabriel Silva Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP 07023-070, Brazil
- Dentistry Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39401-303, Brazil
| | - Martinna Mendonça Bertolini
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Egumi Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Anna Dongari-Bagtzoglou
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
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Sotozono M, Kuriki N, Asahi Y, Noiri Y, Hayashi M, Motooka D, Nakamura S, Machi H, Iida T, Ebisu S. Impacts of sleep on the characteristics of dental biofilm. Sci Rep 2021; 11:138. [PMID: 33420225 PMCID: PMC7794455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental biofilm present on the tooth surface is associated with oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Because bacterial numbers rapidly increase in saliva during sleep, oral care before sleeping is recommended for the prevention of chronic oral diseases. However, temporal circadian changes in the quantity and quality of dental biofilms are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of sleeping on dental biofilm amounts and compositions by using an in situ model. The use of this in situ model enabled us to investigate dental biofilm formed in the oral cavity and to perform a quantitative analysis. Subjects began wearing oral splints in the morning or before sleeping, and biofilm samples were collected at 8, 16, and 24 h after the subjects began wearing oral splints; these samples were then used in various experiments. No significant changes in the numbers of biofilm-forming bacteria were caused by sleep. However, the relative abundances of genera related to periodontitis (i.e., Fusobacterium and Prevotella) increased after awakening. In conclusion, the numbers of biofilm-forming bacteria were not affected by sleep, and the abundances of obligate anaerobes increased after sleep. This research may aid in defining efficacious preventive oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Sotozono
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nanako Kuriki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoko Asahi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Machi
- Osaka University Dental Technology Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Iida
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Ebisu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Araujo TT, Camiloti GD, Valle AD, Silva NDG, Souza BM, Carvalho TDS, Câmara JVF, Shibao PYT, Henrique-Silva F, Cruvinel T, Magalhães AC, Buzalaf MAR. A sugarcane cystatin (CaneCPI-5) alters microcosm biofilm formation and reduces dental caries. Biofouling 2021; 37:109-116. [PMID: 33588651 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1881065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial and anticaries effects of CaneCPI-5 were evaluated. Ninety bovine enamel samples were treated for 60 s with either phosphate-buffered-saline (PBS), 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX), 0.05 mg ml-1 CaneCPI-5, 0.1 mg ml-1 CaneCPI-5 or 0.5 mg ml-1 CaneCPI-5. They were incubated with inoculum (human saliva + McBain's saliva) for the first 8 h. From then until the end of the experiment, the enamel was exposed to McBain saliva with sucrose and, once a day, for 5 days, they were treated with the solutions. At the end of the experimental period, resazurin and viable plate count assays were performed. Enamel demineralization was also measured. All concentrations of CaneCPI-5 and CHX significantly reduced the activity of biofilms compared with PBS. For viable plate counts, all treatments similarly reduced the lactobacilli and total streptococci; for the mutans streptococci, 0.05 mg ml-1 CaneCPI-5 performed better than CHX. All CaneCPI-5 concentrations significantly reduced the integrated mineral loss. This study represents the first step regarding the use of CaneCPI-5 within the concept of acquired enamel pellicle and biofilm engineering to prevent dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Teodoro Araujo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Domingues Camiloti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Dionizio Valle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Natara Dias Gomes Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Martines Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Thamyris de Souza Carvalho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - João Victor Frazão Câmara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Yumi Tanaka Shibao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Flavio Henrique-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cruvinel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Hirota M, Hayakawa T. Adsorption behaviors of salivary pellicle proteins onto denture base metals using 27-MHz quartz crystal microbalance. Biomed Mater Eng 2020; 33:1-11. [PMID: 33427729 DOI: 10.3233/bme-206013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adsorption of salivary pellicle proteins onto the material surface is key for denture plaque formation. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mucin (MCN) onto denture base metal materials using a 27-MHz quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method. METHODS A gold (Au), titanium (Ti), and cobalt chromium alloy (Co-Cr) sensors were employed for QCM measurements. Adsorbed amounts of BSA or MCN were calculated by observing the frequency decrease, and the apparent reaction rate, kobs, was obtained by the curve fitting of the frequency shift against the adsorption time. RESULTS The adsorbed amounts of BSA on Ti were significantly lower than those on Au and Co-Cr. For MCN adsorption, Au showed significantly greater amounts of adsorption than Co-Cr. The kobs of Ti for BSA adsorption was significantly smaller than for the Co-Cr. The kobs of Ti, and Co-Cr for MCN adsorption were significantly smaller than for the Au. A clear correlation was not determined between adsorbed amounts of BSA or MCN onto each sensor and the surface topography or contact angles. CONCLUSIONS The difference of denture base metals and the difference of salivary proteins influences the adsorption behavior of salivary proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatsugu Hirota
- Department of Dental Engineering, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Hayakawa
- Department of Dental Engineering, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Tektas S, Thurnheer T, Eliades T, Attin T, Karygianni L. Initial Bacterial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation on Aligner Materials. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9120908. [PMID: 33333723 PMCID: PMC7765154 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the initial bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on different aligner materials. A total of four different aligner materials, CA-medium (CAM), copolyester (COP), Duran (DUR), Erkodur (ERK), were tested. Stimulated human saliva was obtained from six healthy volunteers. Salivary bacteria were harvested by centrifugation, and 1 mL of the salivary suspension was injected onto each sample surface for 2 h and 3 days, respectively. The samples were then washed twice with 5 mL 0.9% NaCl solution, and non-adherent bacteria were removed. The adherent microorganisms were dislodged from the sample surfaces after ultrasonication for 4 min in 1 mL 0.9% NaCl on ice. After the incubation of the adherent salivary bacteria under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions on Columbia blood agar plates at 37 °C and 5% CO2 and in anaerobic jars overnight, several dilutions thereof were used for the determination of CFUs. This protocol was applied three times, obtaining an average of nine independent measurements for each material group. Overall, the differences between the tested aligner materials as well as between the materials and controls were not of statistical significance (p > 0.05). Regarding initial bacterial attachment and biofilm formation, the tested aligner materials are comparable to enamel and metal orthodontic brackets and can be therefore considered for clinical use. The four tested aligner materials CAM, COP, DUR, ERK showed no significant differences in initial microbial attachment and biofilm formation of aerobic and anaerobic species compared to enamel and conventional brackets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Tektas
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.T.); (T.E.)
| | - Thomas Thurnheer
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Theodore Eliades
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.T.); (T.E.)
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Lamprini Karygianni
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.T.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-634-3275
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Sateriale D, Imperatore R, Colicchio R, Pagliuca C, Varricchio E, Volpe MG, Salvatore P, Paolucci M, Pagliarulo C. Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:592265. [PMID: 33224129 PMCID: PMC7674652 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, resistant microbial infection rate has dramatically increased, especially infections due to biofilm-producing strains that require increasingly complex treatments and are responsible for the increased mortality percentages compared with other infectious diseases. Considering that biofilms represent a key factor for a wide range of chronic infections with high drug tolerance, the treatment of biofilm-causing bacterial infections represents a great challenge for the future. Among new alternative strategies to conventional antimicrobial agents, the scientific interest has shifted to the study of biologically active compounds from plant-related extracts with known antimicrobial properties, in order to also evaluate their antibiofilm activity. In this regard, the aim of this study has been to assess the antibiofilm activity of polyphenolic extracts from myrtle leaf and pomegranate peel against oral pathogens of dental plaque, an excellent polymicrobial biofilm model. In particular, the in vitro antibiofilm properties of myrtle and pomegranate extracts, also in binary combination, were highlighted. In addition to inhibiting the biofilm formation, the tested polyphenolic extracts have been proven to destroy both preformed single-species and multispecies biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, and Rothia dentocariosa oral isolates, suggesting that the new natural sources are rich in promising compounds able to counteract biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sateriale
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Roberta Imperatore
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Caterina Pagliarulo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
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Chawhuaveang DD, Yu OY, Yin IX, Lam WYH, Mei ML, Chu CH. Acquired salivary pellicle and oral diseases: A literature review. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:523-529. [PMID: 33384841 PMCID: PMC7770358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As soon as saliva contacts the teeth surface, salivary proteins adhere to the tooth surface to form acquired salivary pellicle. The formation of this acquired salivary pellicle is a dynamic and selective process of macromolecular adsorption and desorption. Although acquired salivary pellicle contains proteins and peptides, it also contains lipids, and other macro-molecules, all of which contribute to its protective properties. Acquired salivary pellicle is related to the development of common oral diseases, such as erosion, dental caries, and periodontal disease. Acquired salivary pellicle acts as a natural barrier to prevent a tooth's surface from making direct contact with acids and to protect it from erosive demineralization. It contributes to the control of dental erosion by modulating calcium and phosphate concentrations on the tooth surface. It also influences the initial colonizer of oral biofilm and affects the transportation pathway of the acidic products of cariogenic bacteria, which affects the development of dental caries. In addition, it influences periodontal disease by acting on the colonization of periodontal pathogens. This paper's aim is to provide an overview of the acquired salivary pellicle, highlighting its composition, structure, function, role in common oral diseases, and modification for the prevention of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Iris Xiaoxue Yin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Kreth J, Merritt J, Pfeifer C, Khajotia S, Ferracane J. Interaction between the Oral Microbiome and Dental Composite Biomaterials: Where We Are and Where We Should Go. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1140-1149. [PMID: 32479134 PMCID: PMC7443996 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520927690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental composites are routinely placed as part of tooth restoration procedures. The integrity of the restoration is constantly challenged by the metabolic activities of the oral microbiome. This activity directly contributes to a less-than-desirable half-life for the dental composite formulations currently in use. Therefore, many new antimicrobial dental composites are being developed to counteract the microbial challenge. To ensure that these materials will resist microbiome-derived degradation, the model systems used for testing antimicrobial activities should be relevant to the in vivo environment. Here, we summarize the key steps in oral microbial colonization that should be considered in clinically relevant model systems. Oral microbial colonization is a clearly defined developmental process that starts with the formation of the acquired salivary pellicle on the tooth surface, a conditioned film that provides the critical attachment sites for the initial colonizers. Further development includes the integration of additional species and the formation of a diverse, polymicrobial mature biofilm. Biofilm development is discussed in the context of dental composites, and recent research is highlighted regarding the effect of antimicrobial composites on the composition of the oral microbiome. Future challenges are addressed, including the potential of antimicrobial resistance development and how this could be counteracted by detailed studies of microbiome composition and gene expression on dental composites. Ultimately, progress in this area will require interdisciplinary approaches to effectively mitigate the inevitable challenges that arise as new experimental bioactive composites are evaluated for potential clinical efficacy. Success in this area could have the added benefit of inspiring other fields in medically relevant materials research, since microbial colonization of medical implants and devices is a ubiquitous problem in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kreth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J. Merritt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C.S. Pfeifer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - S. Khajotia
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - J.L. Ferracane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Zgombić Popović V, Grgurević L, Trkulja V, Novak R, Negovetić-Vranić D. THE ROLE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN DEFINING SALIVARY PROTEIN COMPOSITION FOLLOWING PLACEMENT OF FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES - BREAKTHROUGH IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES. Acta Clin Croat 2020; 59:480-488. [PMID: 34177058 PMCID: PMC8212653 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2020.59.03.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human saliva is rich in proteins of variable functions (e.g., enzymes, immunoglobulins, cytokines) and origin (blood plasma, salivary glands, or oral microflora). Circadian dynamics, volume and composition (electrolytes, pH, protein, etc.) of secreted saliva vary with local and systemic physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, the composition of saliva, protein in particular, has been intensively investigated to identify the potential markers and/or mechanisms of systemic and local diseases. Proteomic techniques used for the analysis of biological fluids have enabled great advances in salivary protein stabilization (as the main precondition for their analysis) and detection of those found in saliva in very low concentrations, including small proteins and peptides. This review brings the main characteristics of current proteomic techniques such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry, and surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization/time of flight/mass spectrometry. These techniques enable simultaneous identification of hundreds and thousands of protein molecules, as well as identifying those of a potential biological value in particular states. This literature review is focused on the state-of-the-art and possibilities offered by proteomic techniques in analyzing the effects of orthodontic appliances on salivary protein composition and searching for potential markers of therapeutic success/failure or for the molecules by which therapeutic effects are achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lovorka Grgurević
- 1Orthonova Dental Polyclinic, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Drago Perović Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Trkulja
- 1Orthonova Dental Polyclinic, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Drago Perović Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ruđer Novak
- 1Orthonova Dental Polyclinic, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Drago Perović Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Negovetić-Vranić
- 1Orthonova Dental Polyclinic, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Drago Perović Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 4Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 5Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Bringel M, Jorge PK, Francisco PA, Lowe C, Sabino-Silva R, Colombini-Ishikiriama BL, Machado MADAM, Siqueira WL. Salivary proteomic profile of dogs with and without dental calculus. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:298. [PMID: 32814559 PMCID: PMC7437026 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dogs' saliva is a complex mixture of inorganic and organic constituents, rich in proteins. Therefore, knowing the saliva composition of these animals is extremely important to identify the presence of proteins that may be involved in physiological and pathological mechanisms of their oral cavity. The present study aimed to characterize the proteomic profile of saliva from dogs with and without dental calculus. RESULTS Saliva samples were collected from 20 dogs. Before the collection, a visual clinical examination was performed and 8 subjects (40%) did not present any signs of dental calculus, while 12 (60%) presented dental calculus. After saliva collection, the samples were submitted to protein quantification (mBCA), and then they were prepared for analysis by nLC-ESI-MS/MS. A total of 658 unique proteins were identified, of which 225 were specific to dogs without dental calculus, 300 were specific to dogs with dental calculus, and 133 were common to all subjects. These proteins presented functions including transportation, immune response, structural, enzymatic regulation, signal transduction, transcription, metabolism, and some proteins perform functions as yet unknown. Several salivary proteins in dogs with dental calculus differed from those found in the group without dental calculus. Among the abundant proteins detected in periodontal affected cases, can be highlighting calcium-sensing receptor and transforming growth factor beta. Enrichment analysis reveled the presence of Rho GTPases signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This research identified salivary proteins, that should be further investigated as potencial biomarkers of chronic periodontits with dental calculus formation in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Bringel
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Karine Jorge
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cadance Lowe
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Robinson Sabino-Silva
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Kirsch J, Jung A, Hille K, König B, Hannig C, Kölling-Speer I, Speer K, Hannig M. Effect of fragaria vesca, hamamelis and tormentil on the initial bacterial colonization in situ. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104853. [PMID: 32801033 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The presentin situ study aims to examine the influence of the polyphenolic tea drugs fragaria vesca, hamamelis and tormentil on the initial oral bioadhesion. DESIGN Initial biofilm formation was performed on bovine enamel slabs which were carried intraorally by 12 subjects. After 1 min of intraoral pellicle formation, the subjects rinsed with fragaria vesca, tormentil (0.8 mg/8 mL) and hamamelis (0.2 mg/8 mL) for 10 min. Tap water served as negative control, 0.2 % CHX as positive control. The investigations took place on different days (wash-out: 2 days). Afterwards, fluorescence microscopy has been performed per test solution (n = 5) and per subject (n = 12) to visualize bacterial adhesion and glucan formation (8 h oral exposition) with DAPI, ConA and BacLight. Additionally, TEM was used to visualize the pellicle ultrastructure and expectorate samples. Statistical evaluation was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis- (p < 0.5), Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.5) and Bonferroni-Holm-correction (p < 0.1). RESULTS Rinsing with the polyphenolic tea extracts reduced significantly initial bacterial colonization (DAPI) compared to the negative control. There was no significant difference betweenfragaria vesca, hamamelis and tormentil. All solutions showed a reducing effect on the glucan formation. No significant difference was observed between fragaria vesca and CHX. Considerable alterations of the pellicle's ultrastructure manifested by an increase in thickness and electron density resulted from rinsing with the three polyphenolic aqueous extracts. CONCLUSIONS Fragaria vesca, hamamelis and tormentil significantly reduce initial bioadhesion and glucan formation in situ and are therefore recommended as adjuvant antibacterial oral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Kirsch
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Amira Jung
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kristin Hille
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Belinda König
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D- 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Isabelle Kölling-Speer
- Special Food Chemistry and Food Production, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Speer
- Special Food Chemistry and Food Production, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D- 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
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Thongthai P, Kitagawa H, Kitagawa R, Hirose N, Noree S, Iwasaki Y, Imazato S. Development of novel surface coating composed of MDPB and MPC with dual functionality of antibacterial activity and protein repellency. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:3241-3249. [PMID: 32524718 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Resin-based reconstructive/restorative materials with antibacterial effects are potentially useful for preventing dental and oral diseases. To this end, the immobilization of an antibacterial component on the surface of a resin by incorporating polymerizable bactericide such as a quaternary ammonium compound-monomer 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) is an effective technique. However, the effectiveness of immobilized bactericide is reduced by salivary protein coverage. We address this issue by utilizing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer, which exhibits protein repellency, with MDPB to fabricate a novel copolymer, which served as a surface coating on a methacrylate-based resin. This coating provided a more hydrophilic surface than that provided by MDPB coating and reduced the adsorption of bovine serum albumin and salivary protein. To evaluate bacterial growth on the contact surface, Streptococcus mutans suspension was placed on the coated specimen. After 24-h incubation, MDPB/MPC copolymer exhibited killing effects against S. mutans. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate biofilm formation after 48-h incubation in S. mutans suspension, which revealed sparse biofilm and dead bacteria in biofilm on the surface coated with MDPB/MPC. Overall, the proposed surface coating on dental resins exhibited protein-repellent ability and inhibitory effects against bacteria and oral biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasiree Thongthai
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruaki Kitagawa
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ranna Kitagawa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nanako Hirose
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Susita Noree
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan.,ORDIST, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Komatsu T, Kobayashi K, Morimoto Y, Helmerhorst E, Oppenheim F, Chang-Il Lee M. Direct evaluation of the antioxidant properties of salivary proline-rich proteins. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:131-136. [PMID: 33041509 PMCID: PMC7533858 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Proline-rich proteins are associated with the formation of an acquired protein layer overlying the tooth enamel surface. Previous studies have described the antioxidant activity of salivary histatin against the hydroxyl radical from Fenton’s reaction, acting as the critical reactive oxygen species. However, the role of proline-rich proteins in mitigating the oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species in the oral cavity remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant effects of proline-rich proteins 2 on direct reactive oxygen species using electron spin resonance spectroscopy. For the first time, we demonstrated that proline-rich proteins 2 exhibits antioxidant activity directly against the hydroxyl radical produced by hydrogen peroxide with ultraviolet. Considering that identical results were obtained when assaying 30 residues of proline-rich proteins 2, the direct antioxidant effects against the hydroxyl radical by proline-rich proteins 2 may be related to these specific 30 residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Komatsu
- Division of Dentistry for the Special Patient, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.,Yokosuka-Shonan Disaster Oral Health Research Center & Oxidative Stress/ESR Laboratories, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Kyo Kobayashi
- Yokosuka-Shonan Disaster Oral Health Research Center & Oxidative Stress/ESR Laboratories, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Morimoto
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Eva Helmerhorst
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Albany street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Frank Oppenheim
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Albany street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Masaichi Chang-Il Lee
- Yokosuka-Shonan Disaster Oral Health Research Center & Oxidative Stress/ESR Laboratories, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
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Trautmann S, Künzel N, Fecher‐Trost C, Barghash A, Schalkowsky P, Dudek J, Delius J, Helms V, Hannig M. Deep Proteomic Insights into the Individual Short‐Term Pellicle Formation on Enamel—An In Situ Pilot Study. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900090. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Trautmann
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital Saarland University Homburg/Saar 66421 Germany
| | - Nicolas Künzel
- Center for Bioinformatics Saarland University Saarbruecken 66123 Germany
| | - Claudia Fecher‐Trost
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Saarland University Homburg/Saar 66421 Germany
| | - Ahmad Barghash
- Center for Bioinformatics Saarland University Saarbruecken 66123 Germany
- School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology German Jordanian University Amman 11180 Jordan
| | - Pascal Schalkowsky
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Saarland University Homburg/Saar 66421 Germany
| | - Johanna Dudek
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital Saarland University Homburg/Saar 66421 Germany
| | - Judith Delius
- Chair for Food and Bioprocess Engineering Technical University of Munich Freising 85354 Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics Saarland University Saarbruecken 66123 Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital Saarland University Homburg/Saar 66421 Germany
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Souza JGS, Bertolini M, Costa RC, Lima CV, Barão VAR. Proteomic profile of the saliva and plasma protein layer adsorbed on Ti-Zr alloy: the effect of sandblasted and acid-etched surface treatment. Biofouling 2020; 36:428-441. [PMID: 32456471 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1769613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zr) alloy has been widely used as a biomaterial for implant devices, and it is commonly treated by sandblasting followed by acid etching (SLA) to improve biological responses. Although protein adsorption is the first biological response, the effect of this SLA treatment on the proteomic profile of proteins adsorbed from saliva and blood plasma has not been tested. In this study, the proteomic profile was evaluated by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Streptococcus sanguinis was used to test whether the protein layer affects bacterial adhesion. SLA treatment affected the proteomic profile, showing exclusive proteins adsorbed from saliva (14) and plasma (3). However, both groups exhibited close patterns of intensity for common proteins, molecular functions and biological processes mediated by proteins. Interestingly, Ti-ZrSLA showed higher bacterial adhesion (∼1.9 fold over) for the surface coated with plasma proteins. Therefore, SLA treatment of Ti-Zr alloy changed the proteomic profile, which may affect bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Gabriel Silva Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sang T, Ye Z, Fischer NG, Skoe EP, Echeverría C, Wu J, Aparicio C. Physical-chemical interactions between dental materials surface, salivary pellicle and Streptococcus gordonii. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 190:110938. [PMID: 32172164 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dental materials are susceptible to dental plaque formation, which increases the risk of biofilm-associated oral diseases. Physical-chemical properties of dental material surfaces can affect salivary pellicle formation and bacteria attachment, but relationships between these properties have been understudied. We aimed to assess the effects of surface properties and adsorbed salivary pellicle on Streptococcus gordonii adhesion to traditional dental materials. Adsorption of salivary pellicle from one donor on gold, stainless steel, alumina and zirconia was monitored with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and water contact angles measurement before and after pellicle adsorption. Visualization and quantification of Live/Dead stained bacteria and scanning electron microscopy were used to study S. gordonii attachment to materials with and without pellicle. The work of adhesion between surfaces and bacteria was also determined. Adsorption kinetics and the final thickness of pellicle formed on the four materials were similar. Pellicle deposition on all materials increased surface hydrophilicity, surface energy and work of adhesion with bacteria. Surfaces with pellicle had significantly more attached bacteria than surfaces without pellicle, but the physical-chemical properties of the dental material did not significantly alter bacteria attachment. Our findings suggested that the critical factor increasing S. gordonii attachment was the salivary pellicle formed on dental materials. This is attributed to increased work of adhesion between bacteria and substrates with pellicle. New dental materials should be designed for controlling bacteria attachment by tuning thickness, composition and structure of the adsorbed salivary pellicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sang
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University & The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China; MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Zhou Ye
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nicholas G Fischer
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Erik P Skoe
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Constanza Echeverría
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Jun Wu
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University & The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China.
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Fang D, Yuran S, Reches M, Catunda R, Levin L, Febbraio M. A peptide coating preventing the attachment of
Porphyromonas gingivalis
on the surfaces of dental implants. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:503-510. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Fang
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada
| | - Sivan Yuran
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel
| | - Meital Reches
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel
| | - Raisa Catunda
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada
| | - Liran Levin
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada
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Odanaka H, Obama T, Sawada N, Sugano M, Itabe H, Yamamoto M. Comparison of protein profiles of the pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva: possible origin of pellicle proteins. Biol Res 2020; 53:3. [PMID: 31941552 PMCID: PMC6964095 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-0271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pellicle, the acellular organic material deposited on the surface of tooth enamel, has been thought to be derived from saliva. In this study, protein compositions of the pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva collected from healthy adults were compared to elucidate the origin of pellicle proteins. Results The pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva from the parotid gland or mixed gland were collected; subsequently, protein expression in samples from the respective individual was compared by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Following SDS-PAGE, proteins in the major bands were identified by mass spectrometry. The band pattern of pellicle proteins appeared different from those of gingival crevicular fluid, or saliva samples. Using mass spectrometry, 13 proteins in these samples were identified. The relative abundance of the proteins was quantitatively analyzed using mass spectrometry coupled with stable isotope labeling and by western blot. Cystatin S and α-amylase detected in pellicle were enriched in saliva samples, but not in gingival crevicular fluid, by western blot, and their abundance ratios were high in saliva and low in gingival crevicular fluid when analyzed by stable isotope labeling. Serotransferrin, however, was found only in the pellicle and gingival crevicular fluid by western blot and its abundance ratio was low in saliva. Conclusions Our study revealed that the gingival crevicular fluid appears to contribute to pellicle formation in addition to saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibiki Odanaka
- Department of Periodontology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Obama
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Sawada
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marika Sugano
- Department of Periodontology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Itabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Matsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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