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Bright KL, Lichtman K. An ethnographic study of a community dentistry network serving Latine migrant farmworkers in Vermont: Barriers and access to care during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:59-67. [PMID: 37501550 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Primary dental healthcare services are not accessible for a majority of Latino/a/e migrant farmworkers in the United States. Unmet dental health needs are well documented in larger states like California, Florida and New York, but the dental healthcare picture in smaller states is not well understood. The goal of this qualitative ethnographic study was to understand the delivery model of a free dentistry network serving Latine farmworkers in rural Vermont and specific barriers experienced at the network during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Semi-structured ethnographic interviews were carried out with clinicians and transcripts were analysed using the constant comparison method to identify salient concerns and recommendations about barriers and delivery of care. RESULTS Clinicians highlighted structural issues including farmworkers' lack of time off work and absence of transportation to attend appointments, concerns about COVID-19 safety, concerns about immigration surveillance and language barriers. Providers outlined steps for improved service delivery including mobile care at local farms, enhanced intercultural training for providers, recognizing dentistry as essential healthcare at the state level and the leverage of existing appointments for preventive health. Drawing on anthropological frameworks of place-based care and deservingness of healthcare, our ethnographic findings emphasize the role of community dentistry in bridging gaps in migrant healthcare during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Bright
- Department of Anthropology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Kayla Lichtman
- Department of Anthropology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
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Lapidos A, Garlick J, Rulli D. Oral Health Recovery: A Peer Support Specialist-Led Health Education Program for People With Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatr Serv 2023; 74:1196-1199. [PMID: 36916059 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20220465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral health affects whole health and quality of life. This is especially true for people with serious mental illness, a population with heightened risks for oral disease and needs for oral treatment. Studies have previously shown the effectiveness of peer support specialist (PSS)-led wellness interventions. Oral health educational materials and a health education approach were collaboratively developed by a multidisciplinary team and then implemented at one community mental health center and three PSS-run drop-in centers. PSSs provided health education and linked consumers to dental care. Program evaluation (N=41 respondents) indicated the approach's acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Lapidos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Lapidos, Garlick); Ann Arbor VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor (Garlick); Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor (Rulli)
| | - James Garlick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Lapidos, Garlick); Ann Arbor VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor (Garlick); Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor (Rulli)
| | - Danielle Rulli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (Lapidos, Garlick); Ann Arbor VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor (Garlick); Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor (Rulli)
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Duman C, Uslu FS, Çakmak S, Aytekin ŞI, Apaydın T, Egil E. Accessibility to dental services by immigrant and refugee children residing in Turkey. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:423-430. [PMID: 36529532 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Turkey is hosting the world's largest immigrant population under temporary and international protection. Due to the social inequalities contributing to early childhood dental caries, the effectiveness of dental care service for immigrant children should be evaluated. AIM To evaluate the accessibility of immigrant and refugee children residing in four different regions of Turkey to oral health products and dental treatment services. DESIGN A questionnaire consisting of 21 questions was administered: The first six questions elicited demographic data, and the remaining 15 questions asked about oral health habits, access to oral hygiene materials, and dental treatment services. Participants included the parents of 430 children under the age of 18, who were registered with migrant associations in the regions where they lived (Istanbul, Samsun, Hatay, or Ankara). RESULTS The majority of the participants were from Syria and Iraq. Of the participants, 42.1% reported that their children's oral hygiene habits had changed negatively after they migrated, 71.9% reported that they had not been to the dentist in the last year, and 82.8% reported that they had not been to the dentist for more than 12 months. Access to oral and dental hygiene products was not difficult for 68.4%. About 62.6%, however, reported that they had difficulty accessing dental treatment. CONCLUSION The findings showed that this disadvantaged group had difficulty accessing dental treatment. Therefore, there is a need for national and international health strategies to ensure that immigrant and refugee children have effective access to dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Duman
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Samet Uslu
- School of Dentistry, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sena Çakmak
- School of Dentistry, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Tuana Apaydın
- School of Dentistry, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Edibe Egil
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ponce-Gonzalez IM, Jimenez N, Rodriguez E, Srivastava A, Parchman ML. Community Health Worker-led Implementation of the Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaching Program in Underserved Latinx Communities. J Prim Care Community Health 2023; 14:21501319231158285. [PMID: 36905316 PMCID: PMC10009028 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231158285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaching Program (SYDCP) is an evidence-based program led by health care professionals to teach healthy youth who then coach family members with diabetes or other chronic conditions. This purpose of this study is to evaluate a Community Health Worker (CHW)-led implementation of the SYDCP for low-income Latinx students from underserved agricultural communities. METHOD CHWs were trained and virtually led 10 training sessions virtually during the COVID-19 for Latinx students who were recruited from high schools in agricultural regions of Washington state. Feasibility measures include recruitment, retention, class attendance, and successful coaching of a family member or friend. Acceptability was measured by responses on the post-training survey. Effectiveness was evaluated by pre-post changes in measures used in prior studies of the SYDCP such as level of activation and diabetes knowledge. RESULTS Thirty-four students were recruited, 28 completed the training and 23 returned both pre- and post-surveys. Over 80% of students attended 7 or more classes. All met with a family or friend and 74% met with them weekly. Approximately 80% of the students rated the program's usefulness as "very good" or "excellent." Pre-post increases in diabetes knowledge, nutrition-related behaviors, resilience, and activation were significant and similar to those observed in prior published studies of the SYDCP. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of a CHW-led implementation of the SYDCP in underserved Latinx communities using a virtual remote model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael L Parchman
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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Al Naasan Z, Broadbent J, Smith M, Duncan W. Evaluation of a tailored oral health promotion intervention for Syrian former refugees in New Zealand. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6697186. [PMID: 36102477 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate a health promotion strategy to improve oral health among former refugees in New Zealand. Former refugees were recruited (n = 63) and answered a questionnaire about their oral home care, smoking, sugar consumption and use of dental services. Participants then joined either focus group sessions to co-design oral health educational material (n = 39) or to be dentally examined for oral hygiene, periodontal health, gingivitis and dental caries and receive motivational instructions to improve their oral health habits (n = 20). Health messages using dual-language leaflets (covering oral home care, smoking, diet and access to services) were subsequently individually delivered monthly to all participants via a mobile phone application. After 6 months, follow-up questionnaires were sent to all participants and those who had been dentally examined were re-examined. Half of those who did not brush twice daily at baseline (54.1%) had increased brushing to at least twice daily by follow-up; 76.9% of those who consumed sugary drinks at least twice daily, reduced their sugar intake. No smokers quit smoking, however, 52.4% reported reducing the number of cigarettes or engaging in smoking cessation activities. Among those who had been dentally examined, plaque scores, gingivitis and periodontal pocketing all decreased significantly. Culturally and linguistically tailored oral health promotion interventions led to improved oral health behaviours for this group of former refugees over a 6 months follow-up period. We expect this to not only improve the oral health quality of life for this population, but also reduce the burden on the health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina Al Naasan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Broadbent
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Moira Smith
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Warwick Duncan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Aleksejuniene J, Pang RHI. Peer-led oral health education model for elementary school-aged children in British Columbia, Canada. Can J Dent Hyg 2022; 56:72-82. [PMID: 35811600 PMCID: PMC9236301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of peer-led preventive oral health education for elementary school-aged children. METHODS A controlled, non-randomized interventional study included children in grades 4 to 6 (N = 372) from 6 schools in British Columbia, Canada. The control group (3 schools) received a class-based lecture on oral health. In the intervention group (3 schools), each sixth grader mentored a small group of fourth and fifth graders. The study outcomes were 1) need for oral care referrals (visual screening); 2) oral health knowledge (self-reports); 3) oral self-care practice (OSC-P); and 4) oral self-care skills (OSC-S). Assessments of OSC-P and OSC-S were based on disclosed dental biofilm levels. Study group comparisons were done at baseline and 8 to 12 months. RESULTS A high need for oral care referrals was found, with a substantial reduction achieved during the study period. Dietary knowledge improved minimally in the intervention group. In both study groups and within age groups, there was a wide variation in OSC-P and OSC-S. Overall, children's OSC-P scores were substantially higher than their OSC-S scores. Oral self-care outcomes improved over time in both groups (except for fourth graders in the control group), with a more substantial improvement in the intervention group. From baseline to study end, the mean OSC-P improved by 11.9% (intervention group) and 5.9% (control group). Improvement values for OSC-S were 12.8% and 5.2%. CONCLUSIONS The need for oral care referrals was reduced, but improvement in oral health knowledge was minimal. Oral self-care outcomes improved more in the intervention than in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Aleksejuniene
- Associate professor, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rachel Hei In Pang
- Alumna, Dental Hygiene Degree Program, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Spinler K, Kofahl C, Ungoreit E, Heydecke G, Dingoyan D, Aarabi G. Access Barriers to Dental Treatment and Prevention for Turkish Migrants in Germany – A Qualitative Survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:862832. [PMID: 35692338 PMCID: PMC9178233 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.862832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The worldwide migration movement is growing and thereby challenging the health care systems of immigration countries like Germany to make health care equally accessible for all people. Due to their low oral health status and low uptake rates of dental treatment and prevention, migrants were detected as a vulnerable group. Data regarding dental care access barriers of this group is limited. Therefore, the following study established a deeper understanding of unknown access barriers. Methods Nine expert interviews and one focus group interview were conducted semi-structured via interview guideline in the period of August until October 2018. The experts were persons with strong vocational interactions and experiences with the sector oral health care and migration. The focus group participants had a Turkish migration background. Results The expert and focus group interviews revealed a variety of barriers that exist toward dental treatment and prevention for migrants. Language, perceived significance of oral health, oral health knowledge, health socialization and patient-dentist interaction were detected to be the main barriers with underlying subthemes and interactions. Furthermore, a predominantly not precaution-oriented dental service utilization of migrants was underlined by the interviewees. Additionally, ways to reach a higher cultural sensitivity in oral health care were stated. Conclusion With respect for research, there is a need for the integration of migrant-specific items when collecting health data from people. With respect for policy, there is a need for more structural and individual attention for promoting equal access to oral health care and prevention measures for people with a migrant background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Spinler
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Kofahl
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erik Ungoreit
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Heydecke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Demet Dingoyan
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ghazal Aarabi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ghazal Aarabi
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Kalevski K, Vojinovic J, Gajic M, Aleksic E, Tambur Z, Milutinovic J, Borotic N, Mladenovic R. The Outcomes of an Interventional Oral Health Program on Dental Students' Oral Hygiene. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182413242. [PMID: 34948851 PMCID: PMC8703541 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental students are an interesting population because they are expected to have a higher level of knowledge of and to exhibit better oral hygiene habits, and thus have a greater impact on the environment, families, and society as a whole. The aim of this research was to determine the state of oral hygiene in dental students before and after the interventional health education program. The research sample consisted of 119 students of dentistry in their first and fourth years of study. The first research stage was conducted before health education intervention (for the evaluation of selected oral health parameters, the Decayed, Missing and Filled index, Greene–Vermillion index, Silness–Löe plaque index, Silness–Löe gingival index, and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs index were used). The second stage was conducted as a clinical measurement of oral health changes. The conducted health education intervention, to an extent, led to changes in the state of oral hygiene among the students, and thus healthier habits. There was a statistically significant difference in the examined population between the beginning of the study and after the health education intervention program. Although a significant improvement in oral hygiene and oral health was noticed after the health education intervention program, the state of oral hygiene was still not at a satisfactory level among the dental students, contrary to our expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Kalevski
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 26000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.K.); (J.V.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (Z.T.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Jovan Vojinovic
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 26000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.K.); (J.V.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (Z.T.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Milica Gajic
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 26000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.K.); (J.V.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (Z.T.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Ema Aleksic
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 26000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.K.); (J.V.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (Z.T.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Zoran Tambur
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 26000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.K.); (J.V.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (Z.T.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Jovana Milutinovic
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 26000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.K.); (J.V.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (Z.T.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Nenad Borotic
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 26000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (K.K.); (J.V.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (Z.T.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Rasa Mladenovic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-695302256
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Ponce-Gonzalez IM, Perez K, Cheadle AD, Jade M, Iverson B, Parchman ML. A Multicomponent Health Education Campaign Led by Community Health Workers to Increase Influenza Vaccination among Migrants and Refugees. J Prim Care Community Health 2021; 12:21501327211055627. [PMID: 34814785 PMCID: PMC8640325 DOI: 10.1177/21501327211055627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the impact of a Community Health Worker (CHW)-led influenza campaign on knowledge and attitudes about vaccination in Latinx migrant and refugee populations. Methods: Twelve online workshops were conducted with 183 participants and 24 CHWs between January 12 and May 12, 2021. Participants were Latinx families living in underserved communities throughout Washington state. The initiative also included radio, animated videos, advertisements, social media, and educational materials. Results: Analysis of pre and post workshop surveys from 155 participants showed statistically significant improvements in all questions about the definition of influenza, symptoms, and risks: and in 7 of 9 questions about treatments and vaccines. Analysis of 2 open-ended questions showed increases in words key to understanding influenza, such as “virus,” “illness,” “death,” and “contagious.” There were significant increases in rates of participants identifying vaccination and antibiotics as cures for influenza. Conclusions: CHW-led workshops can be an effective way to increase knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine. Future curriculum should emphasize the difference between viruses and bacteria, and the use of vaccination for prevention as opposed to treatment for illness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathleen Perez
- Community Health Worker Coalition for Migrants and Refugees, Edmonds, WA, USA
| | - Allen D Cheadle
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Morgan Jade
- Washington State Department of Health, Center for Public Affairs, Olympia, WA, USA
| | - Barry Iverson
- Washington State Department of Health, Center for Public Affairs, Olympia, WA, USA
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Lauritano D, Moreo G, Carinci F, Campanella V, Della Vella F, Petruzzi M. Oral Health Status among Migrants from Middle- and Low-Income Countries to Europe: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182212203. [PMID: 34831957 PMCID: PMC8624247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Economic inequality, political instability and globalization have contributed to the constant growth of the migration phenomenon in recent years. In particular, a total of 4.2 million people migrated to Europe during 2019 and most of them settled in Germany, France and Italy. Objectives. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies analyzing the oral health condition among migrants from middle- and low-income countries to Europe and assessing the eventual association between their sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics and oral health status. Materials and Methods. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Science Direct databases. After titles, abstracts and full-text examination, only 27 articles were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria and consequently included for quality assessments and data extraction. Results. Most of the studies reported a higher prevalence of caries experience, a poorer periodontal health and more difficulties in accessing dentalcare services among migrant groups compared with the non-migrant population. Inequalities were mostly associated with ethnic background, economic condition and social grade. Conclusion. Our review demonstrates the lack of dental health among migrants, underlining that their cultural beliefs and their social and economic living conditions could influence their oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Lauritano
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-335-679-0163
| | - Giulia Moreo
- Dental and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesco Carinci
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Campanella
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00113 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fedora Della Vella
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (F.D.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Massimo Petruzzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (F.D.V.); (M.P.)
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Wu Z, Li M, Zhu F, Lei L, Cheng R, Hu T. The effects of oral health education regarding periodontal health on non-dental undergraduates in southwestern China-exploring the feasibility of an e-learning course for oral health promotion. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:119. [PMID: 33726713 PMCID: PMC7962077 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The high prevalence of periodontal diseases is an important oral health problem worldwide. It is necessary to increase public knowledge on and influence attitudes towards periodontal diseases in order to prevent them. However, the effect of oral health education (OHE) as a primary preventive method in China is unsatisfactory. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of extending an e-learning course regarding periodontal health by comparing the effects of oral health education regarding periodontal health (OHE-PH) on dental and non-dental students and the effects between a traditional course and an e-learning course among non-dental students at Sichuan University. Methods A quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and a post-test was performed. A total of 217 dental students and 134 non-dental students attended a traditional course; 69 non-dental students attended an e-learning course. Before- and after-course questionnaires about periodontal health knowledge, attitudes and behaviours were administered. Results After the traditional/e-learning course, the knowledge of both dental and non-dental students about periodontal diseases and self-reported behaviours for gingival bleeding and oral care improved. The non-dental students reached or surpassed the level of dental students before the course. The non-dental students taking the e-learning course performed better in some areas than those taking the traditional course. Conclusions OHE-PH was effective for dental and non-dental students. The e-learning course on OHE-PH was sufficient for improving knowledge and self-reported behaviours among non-dental undergraduates and was even better than the traditional course in some areas. The e-learning course may be an effective method for periodontal health education and oral health promotion among undergraduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Wu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangzhi Zhu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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12
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Ponce-Gonzalez IM, Cheadle AD, Parchman ML. Correlation of Oral Health Education by Community Health Workers with Changes in Oral Health Practices in Migrant Populations in Washington State. J Prim Care Community Health 2021; 12:21501327211002417. [PMID: 33719689 PMCID: PMC7968011 DOI: 10.1177/21501327211002417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An important question for oral health education is whether knowledge gained during lay-led workshops is retained and applied in daily practice. This study assessed the knowledge retention and changes in oral health practices several months after oral health education workshops were held for migrant farmworkers by Community Health Workers (CHWs). METHODS AND RESULTS Follow-up surveys were conducted with 32 participants 1 to 43 months post participation (60% between 6 and 21 months). The results showed a high degree of retention, in such areas as general oral health knowledge, and brushing/flossing frequency and technique among this sample. There was no relationship between length of time since the educational workshop and knowledge retained or behaviors changed. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS An interactive, lay-led oral health education program run by CHWs can be an effective way to deliver sustained improvements in oral health knowledge and changes in oral health practice in migrant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Maria Ponce-Gonzalez
- University of Washington Seattle Campus Ringgold standard institution—Health Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Community Health Worker Coalition for Migrants and Refugees, Edmonds, Washington, USA
| | - Allen D. Cheadle
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Ringgold standard institution—Center for Community Health & Evaluation, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Leo Parchman
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Ringgold standard institution—MacColl Center for Health Care Innovation, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Northridge ME, Wu Y, Troxel AB, Min D, Liu R, Liang LJ, Metcalf SS, Seyedzadeh Sabounchi S, Yi S. Acceptability of a community health worker intervention to improve the oral health of older Chinese Americans: A pilot study. Gerodontology 2020; 38:117-122. [PMID: 33368603 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the acceptability of a community health worker (CHW) intervention designed to improve the oral health of low-income, urban Chinese immigrant adults. BACKGROUND Given that both dental caries and periodontitis are behaviourally mediated, biofilm-based diseases that are largely preventable with attention to regular oral hygiene practices and preventive dental visits, strategies to arrest or even heal carious lesions and high-quality maintenance care and plaque control without the need to resort to aerosol-generating surgical approaches are evidence-based best practices. Older immigrants have poorer oral health than older US-born natives, motivating the need for delivery of more effective and affordable services to this vulnerable population. MATERIALS AND METHODS CHWs were trained by the NYU College of Dentistry dental hygienist faculty members using dental models and flip charts to instruct patients on proper brushing and flossing techniques. In addition, they discussed the presented oral health promotion information one-on-one with patients, addressed any expressed concerns and encouraged prevention of oral conditions through regular dental visits and brushing with fluoride toothpaste. RESULTS More than 98% of the 74 older Chinese adult participants strongly agreed/agreed that the CHWs helped them to improve how they take care of their health, the CHWs answered their questions and concerns, the information and topics were informative, and the in-person demonstrations were helpful in improving oral health. CONCLUSION The health of all communities depends on access to comprehensive care, including oral health care, in the wake of COVID-19. CHW interventions are acceptable to and may reach marginalised and immigrant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Northridge
- Division of Dental Medicine, Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yinxiang Wu
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea B Troxel
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Min
- Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rong Liu
- Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Juan Liang
- Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara S Metcalf
- Department of Geography, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shabnam Seyedzadeh Sabounchi
- Division of Dental Medicine, Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stella Yi
- Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Alrashdi M, Hameed A, Cervantes Mendez MJ, Farokhi M. Education intervention with respect to the oral health knowledge, attitude, and behaviors of refugee families: A randomized clinical trial of effectiveness. J Public Health Dent 2020; 81:90-99. [PMID: 33084019 PMCID: PMC8246856 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The study assessed the effectiveness of an oral health educational and behavioral intervention program in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of refugee families. Methods This randomized 2‐arms, controlled, single site, clinical trial assessed the dental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to oral health at baseline and three times over the course of the 6 months of the intervention in recent refugee families. Participating families were educated on five topics in oral health in two 1‐hour sessions utilizing existing oral health education materials adapted to be linguistically and culturally appropriate for demonstration and instruction. Culturally competent techniques and motivational interviewing styles were also implemented during sessions. Pre/post surveys were used to assess changes to knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among refugee family participants. Results Out of the 66 families enrolled in the program, 52 (72 percent) completed visits over the course of 6 months. Differences between the intervention and control groups were not significant between baseline and 3 to 6 months later (P > 0.05). Conclusions A short‐term, culturally informed oral health educational and behavioral intervention program did not improve oral health‐related knowledge, attitudes, or behaviors in a diverse group of recent refugee families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Alrashdi
- Department of Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hameed
- Biology Department, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Maria Jose Cervantes Mendez
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Moshtagh Farokhi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Yilmaz SK, Bohara AK, Chowdhury SR. Touch for Health: Use of Pavlovian Processes with Physical Touch as a Means to Improve Menstrual Hygiene Management Initiatives, Measured by Willingness to Pay. Pharmacoecon Open 2020; 4:263-276. [PMID: 31338827 PMCID: PMC7248159 DOI: 10.1007/s41669-019-0168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To combat the lack of proper facilities and menstrual health knowledge in developing countries, many WASH (Water, Hygiene, and Sanitation) initiatives are including menstrual hygiene management (MHM) components. However, evidence shows that prior efforts have not been ultimately successful in inducing relevant behavior changes, due in part to cultural constraints and unidimensional interventions. As such, MHM research may need to include consideration of new theories/approaches. Evidence is growing of the role that physical presence/proximity and ability to touch objects has on incentives for consumers to purchase goods, captured through willingness to pay (WTP) figures. Such findings can be partially explained by Pavlovian processes. OBJECTIVE This study sought to provide field-work validation of such findings of the role of Pavlovian processes and endowment effect on WTP figures for a female hygiene kit, reflecting motivation to adopt better hygiene behaviors. METHODS This study used primary survey data collected from females in two upper-level schools in southwestern Nepal (n = 169). When presented in conjunction with a hygiene education session, one group of females was allowed physical interaction with a female hygiene kit, while another was not, before being surveyed on their WTP for the kit. Both non-parametric and parametric statistical analyses were performed to assess the impact of this ability to touch the kits on WTP figures. RESULTS Results show a statistically significant difference between the WTP figures of those females allowed interaction with the kits prior to being surveyed and those who did not. This confirms the positive impact of physical presence/touch on motivations to use/acquire hygiene-related tools. CONCLUSIONS Such findings reveal how, through application of the theory of Pavlovian processes, future (menstrual) health education efforts could harness the human instinct to consume, remember, and use those objects presented in physical form, and include personal contact and demonstrations of better health practices in future MHM and WASH education initiatives. Such an approach may allow protocols and interventions to have more success, and dissemination of healthier behaviors and knowledge to be more prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan K. Yilmaz
- Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA
| | - Alok K. Bohara
- Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA
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da Costa CB, Peralta FDS, Ferreira de Mello ALS. How Has Teledentistry Been Applied in Public Dental Health Services? An Integrative Review. Telemed J E Health 2019; 26:945-954. [PMID: 31573410 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2019.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are inequities in the provision of oral health care, and a large proportion of the population face challenges in accessing public dental health care options. Introduction: Teledentistry (TD), a new branch of telemedicine dedicated to dentistry, is a potential approach that can be used to overcome these challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this integrative review was to collect information regarding the inclusion of the application of TD tools in the public dental health services. Methods: Five electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Virtual Health Library, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for relevant articles if they reported on original data related to the use of TD in public dental health services. Results/Discussion: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria and were, consequently, included in the review. Our key findings indicated that TD can be used for training and continuing education of professionals, for remote patient care, to exchange information among health professionals, and orientation. It increases the access to dental care and enables general practitioners to interact with specialties. The benefits include cost-effective health equity services, improve dental knowledge, and reduce consultation waiting time. However, despite the advances made with the use of this technology, there are still some obstacles to overcome, such as limited infrastructure, low levels of motivation and the lack of compliance, professional resistance, and legal and security issues. Conclusion: TD may be very a useful tool for dental public health increasing the quality of the care by improving access, professional education, and patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Böhm da Costa
- Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Felipe da Silva Peralta
- Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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