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Golding R, Braun RK, Miller L, Lasarev M, Hacker TA, Rodgers AC, Staehler A, Eldridge MW, Al-Subu A. Differential changes in expression of inflammatory mRNA and protein after oleic acid-induced acute lung injury. Exp Lung Res 2024; 50:96-105. [PMID: 38625585 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2024.2341099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Background: Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome of noncardiac pulmonary edema and inflammation leading to acute respiratory failure. We used the oleic acid infusion pig model of ARDS resembling human disease to explore cytokine changes in white blood cells (WBC) and plasma proteins, comparing baseline to ARDS values. Methods: Nineteen juvenile female swine were included in the study. ARDS defined by a PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 300 was induced by continuous oleic acid infusion. Arterial blood was drawn before and during oleic acid infusion, and when ARDS was established. Cytokine expression in WBC was analyzed by RT-qPCR and plasma protein expression by ELISA. Results: The median concentration of IFN-γ mRNA was estimated to be 59% (p = 0.006) and of IL-6 to be 44.4% (p = 0.003) of the baseline amount. No significant changes were detected for TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-10 mRNA expression. In contrast, the concentrations of plasma IFN-γ and IL-6 were significantly higher (p = 0.004 and p = 0.048 resp.), and TNF-α was significantly lower (p = 0.006) at ARDS compared to baseline. Conclusions: The change of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6 expression is different comparing mRNA and plasma proteins at oleic acid-induced ARDS compared to baseline. The migration of cells to the lung may be the cause for this discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Golding
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rudolf K Braun
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lorenzo Miller
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael Lasarev
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- Cardiovascular Physiology Core Facility, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Allison C Rodgers
- Cardiovascular Physiology Core Facility, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ava Staehler
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marlowe W Eldridge
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Awni Al-Subu
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Huang Z, Cheng Z, Deng X, Yang Y, Sun N, Hou P, Fan R, Liu S. Integrated Bioinformatics Exploration and Preliminary Clinical Verification for the Identification of Crucial Biomarkers in Severe Cases of COVID-19. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1561-1576. [PMID: 38495341 PMCID: PMC10942013 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s454284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The objective of this study is to identify reliable and accurate biomarkers for the early stratification of disease severity, a crucial aspect that is currently lacking for the impending phases of the next COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this study, we identified important module and hub genes related to clinical severe COVID-19 using differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening combing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in dataset GSE213313. We further screened and confirmed these hub genes in another two new independent datasets (GSE172114 and GSE157103). In order to evaluate these key genes' stability and robustness for diagnosing or predicting the progression of illness, we used RT-PCR validation of selected genes in blood samples obtained from hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Results A total of 968 and 52 DEGs were identified between COVID-19 patients and normal people, critical and non-critical patients, respectively. Then, using WGCNA, 10 modules were constructed. Among them, the blue module positively associated with clinic disease severity of COVID-19. From overlapped section between DEGs and blue module, 12 intersected common differential genes were obtained. Subsequently, these hub genes were validated in another two new independent datasets as well and 9 genes that overlapped showed a highly correlation with disease severity. Finally, the mRNA expression levels of these hub genes were tested in blood samples from COVID-19 patients. In severe cases, there was increased expression of MCEMP1, ANXA3, CD177, and SCN9A. In particular, MCEMP1 increased with disease severity, which suggested an unfavorable development and a frustrating prognosis. Conclusion Using comprehensive bioinformatical analysis and the validation of clinical samples, we identified four major candidate genes, MCEMP1, ANXA3, CD177, and SCN9A, which are essential for diagnosis or development of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Regional Center for Respiratory Medicine, Jiangxi Hospital of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuowang Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangqiu District People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Deng
- School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Sun
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peibin Hou
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruyue Fan
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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García-delaTorre P, Rivero-Segura NA, Sánchez-García S, Becerril-Rojas K, Sandoval-Rodriguez FE, Castro-Morales D, Cruz-Lopez M, Vazquez-Moreno M, Rincón-Heredia R, Ramirez-Garcia P, Gomez-Verjan JC. GrimAge is elevated in older adults with mild COVID-19 an exploratory analysis. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01095-2. [PMID: 38358578 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has been contained; however, the side effects associated with its infection continue to be a challenge for public health, particularly for older adults. On the other hand, epigenetic status contributes to the inter-individual health status and is associated with COVID-19 severity. Nevertheless, current studies focus only on severe COVID-19. Considering that most of the worldwide population developed mild COVID-19 infection. In the present exploratory study, we aim to analyze the association of mild COVID-19 with epigenetic ages (HorvathAge, HannumAge, GrimAge, PhenoAge, SkinAge, and DNAmTL) and clinical variables obtained from a Mexican cohort of older adults. We found that all epigenetic ages significantly differ from the chronological age, but only GrimAge is elevated. Additionally, both the intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) and the extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (EEAA) are accelerated in all patients. Moreover, we found that immunological estimators and DNA damage were associated with PhenoAge, SkinBloodHorvathAge, and HorvathAge, suggesting that the effects of mild COVID-19 on the epigenetic clocks are mainly associated with inflammation and immunology changes. In conclusion, our results show that the effects of mild COVID-19 on the epigenetic clock are mainly associated with the immune system and an increase in GrimAge, IEAA, and EEAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola García-delaTorre
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | | | - Sergio Sánchez-García
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Área de Envejecimiento, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Diana Castro-Morales
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), 10200, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Cruz-Lopez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Vazquez-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Rincón-Heredia
- Unidad de Imagenología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Perla Ramirez-Garcia
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), 10200, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Gomez-Verjan
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), 10200, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Zhong J, Wu Y, Zhou S, Liu C, Wen Y, Liang M, Li T, Lu T, Lv S, Gong Z, Lao D, Cao X, Tang Y, Huang W. The impact of COVID-19 on a Southern Chinese cohort with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 81:105120. [PMID: 37979411 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies on risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD). The relationship between NMOSD relapse and COVID-19 needs to be evaluated. The objective of our study is to identify the risk factors of COVID-19 infection and NMOSD relapse among NMOSD patients with COVID-19. METHOD A total of 379 NMOSD patients registered in a NMOSD database were included in this case-control study after the end of the COVID-19 quarantine and restriction policies on December 6, 2022 in China. Data were obtained from the database. Additional information was obtained by questionnaires and the Neurology out-patient clinic. The clinical characteristics of NMOSD patients with COVID-19 were described. Risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection and outcome among patients with NMOSD were analyzed. Risk factors associated with relapse in NMOSD patients with COVID-19 were also identified. RESULTS 239 (63.1%) NMOSD patients were infected with COVID-19. Patients with NMOSD who were infected with COVID-19, in comparison to those without COVID-19, were younger at the time of interview (median [IQR] age: 43.00 [32.00-55.00] vs 49.50 [35.25-56.00] years, P = 0.029), younger at NMOSD onset (median [IQR] age: 38.00 [27.00-51.00] vs 45.00 [32.00-52.75] years, P = 0.013), had abnormal visual evoked potentials before infection (73.4% vs 54.3% P = 0.029), had lower baseline Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) scores (median [IQR] ADL: 14.00 [14.00-16.00] vs 14.00 [14.00-19.00], P = 0.014) or lower baseline modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (1.12±0.749 vs 1.33±0.991, P = 0.037), and were less frequently treated with more than 10 mg prednisone or 8 mg methylprednisolone (25.0% vs 36.0%,p = 0.026). All 9 NMOSD patients who had symptomatic cerebral syndrome developed moderate/severe COVID-19. A higher percentage of patients with moderate/severe COVID-19 experienced more than one core clinical NMOSD symptoms (61.5% vs 55.1%, p = 0.044), compared to patients with mild COVID-19. Higher risk of NMOSD relapse among NMOSD patients with COVID-19 was associated with higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores (median[IQR] EDSS: 2.00 [1.00-3.00] vs 1.50 [1.00-2.25], P = 0.037) and drug treatments disruption (21.6% vs 5.0% P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS NMOSD patients with younger age, lower baseline ADL or mRS had higher incidence of being diagnosed with COVID-19 during pandemic. Glucocorticoid use may decrease the risk of COVID-19. NMOSD patients with symptomatic cerebral syndrome before the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. Drug treatment disruption may result in relapse among NMOSD patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Wu
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaodan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Yishuang Wen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Manli Liang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Taiyan Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Sirao Lv
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhuowei Gong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Dayuan Lao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Cao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Yulan Tang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.
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Ferreira GM, Clarindo FA, Ribeiro ÁL, Gomes-de-Pontes L, de Carvalho LD, Martins-Filho OA, da Fonseca FG, Teixeira MM, Sabino ADP, Eapen MS, Morris DL, Valle SJ, Coelho-dos-Reis JGA. Taming the SARS-CoV-2-mediated proinflammatory response with BromAc ®. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1308477. [PMID: 38193087 PMCID: PMC10773902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the present study, the impact of BromAc®, a specific combination of bromelain and acetylcysteine, on the SARS-CoV-2-specific inflammatory response was evaluated. Methods An in vitro stimulation system was standardized using blood samples from 9 healthy donors, luminex assays and flow cytometry were performed. Results and discussion BromAc® demonstrated robust anti-inflammatory activity in human peripheral blood cells upon SARS-CoV-2 viral stimuli, reducing the cytokine storm, composed of chemokines, growth factors, and proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines produced after short-term in vitro culture with the inactivated virus (iSARS-CoV-2). A combined reduction in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced by SARS-CoV-2, in addition to steady-state levels of platelet recruitment-associated growth factor-PDGFbb, was observed, indicating that BromAc® may be important to reduce thromboembolism in COVID-19. The immunophenotypic analysis of the impact of BromAc® on leukocytes upon viral stimuli showed that BromAc® was able to downmodulate the populations of CD16+ neutrophils and CD14+ monocytes observed after stimulation with iSARS-CoV-2. Conversely, BromAc® treatment increased steady-state HLA-DR expression in CD14+ monocytes and preserved this activation marker in this subset upon iSARS-CoV-2 stimuli, indicating improved monocyte activation upon BromAc® treatment. Additionally, BromAc® downmodulated the iSARS-CoV-2-induced production of TNF-a by the CD19+ B-cells. System biology approaches, utilizing comprehensive correlation matrices and networks, showed distinct patterns of connectivity in groups treated with BromAc®, suggesting loss of connections promoted by the compound and by iSARS-CoV-2 stimuli. Negative correlations amongst proinflammatory axis and other soluble and cellular factors were observed in the iSARS-CoV-2 group treated with BromAc® as compared to the untreated group, demonstrating that BromAc® disengages proinflammatory responses and their interactions with other soluble factors and the axis orchestrated by SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion These results give new insights into the mechanisms for the robust anti-inflammatory effect of BromAc® in the steady state and SARS-CoV-2-specific immune leukocyte responses, indicating its potential as a therapeutic strategy for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovane Marques Ferreira
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Felipe Alves Clarindo
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ágata Lopes Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Letícia Gomes-de-Pontes
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana Debortoli de Carvalho
- Departamento de Biologia e Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Rene Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávio Guimarães da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- CT Terapias Avançadas e Inovadoras (CT-Terapias), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adriano de Paula Sabino
- Laboratório de Hematologia Clínica, Experimental e Molecular, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mathew Suji Eapen
- Research & Development Department, Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David L. Morris
- Research & Development Department, Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St George and Sutherland Hospital Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Valle
- Research & Development Department, Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St George and Sutherland Hospital Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Intensive Care Unit, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jordana Grazziela Alves Coelho-dos-Reis
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada (LVBA), Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- CT Terapias Avançadas e Inovadoras (CT-Terapias), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Fan R, Liu S, Sun N, Yang Y, Deng X, Hu B, Sun C, Wen C, Li H, Cheng D, Huang C, Hou P, Zhang T. Gut microbiota composition is associated with disease severity and host immune responses in COVID-19. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1274690. [PMID: 38149007 PMCID: PMC10749918 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1274690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human gut microbiota play a crucial role in the immune response of the host to respiratory viral infection. However, evidence regarding the association between the gut microbiome, host immune responses, and disease severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains insufficient. Methods To better comprehend the interactions between the host and gut microbiota in COVID-19, we conducted 16S rRNA sequencing and characterized the gut microbiome compositions in stool samples from 40 COVID-19 patients and 33 non-pneumonia controls. We assessed several hematological parameters to determine the immune status. Results We found that the gut microbial composition was significantly changed in COVID-19 patients, which was characterized by increased opportunistic pathogens and decreased commensal bacteria. The frequency of prevalent opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus and Lactobacillus increased, especially in severe patients; yet the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Anaerostipes, decreased significantly, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii might help discriminate severe patients from moderate patients and non-pneumonia people. Furthermore, we then obtained a correlation map between the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 and severity-related gut microbiota. We observed a notable correlation between the abundance of Enterococcus faecium and abnormal neutrophil or lymphocyte percentage in all COVID-19 patients. Faecalibacterium was positively correlated with lymphocyte counts, while negatively correlated with neutrophil percentage. Conclusion These results suggested that the gut microbiome could have a potential function in regulating host immune responses and impacting the severity or consequences of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Fan
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Sun
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Deng
- School of Public Healthy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changhua Sun
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengli Wen
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peibin Hou
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianliang Zhang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Liu Y, Xiang C, Que Z, Li C, Wang W, Yin L, Chu C, Zhou Y. Neutrophil heterogeneity and aging: implications for COVID-19 and wound healing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1201651. [PMID: 38090596 PMCID: PMC10715311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1201651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play a critical role in the immune response to infection and tissue injury. However, recent studies have shown that neutrophils are a heterogeneous population with distinct subtypes that differ in their functional properties. Moreover, aging can alter neutrophil function and exacerbate immune dysregulation. In this review, we discuss the concept of neutrophil heterogeneity and how it may be affected by aging. We then examine the implications of neutrophil heterogeneity and aging for COVID-19 pathogenesis and wound healing. Specifically, we summarize the evidence for neutrophil involvement in COVID-19 and the potential mechanisms underlying neutrophil recruitment and activation in this disease. We also review the literature on the role of neutrophils in the wound healing process and how aging and neutrophil heterogeneity may impact wound healing outcomes. Finally, we discuss the potential for neutrophil-targeted therapies to improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19 and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyu Chu
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zirou C, Gumeni S, Bellos I, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Sklirou AD, Bagratuni T, Korompoki E, Apostolakou F, Papassotiriou I, Trougakos IP, Terpos E. Longitudinal Analysis of Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection Depending on Disease Severity: A Prospective Cohort Study. Viruses 2023; 15:2250. [PMID: 38005927 PMCID: PMC10674840 DOI: 10.3390/v15112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response, with humoral immunity playing a central role in the disease course. The objective of this study was to assess the immune response and the effects of vaccination in recovered individuals with variable disease severity up to one year following natural infection. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted including patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Disease severity was classified as mild, moderate, and severe based on clinical presentation and outcomes. Anti-RBD (receptor binding domain) and neutralizing antibodies were evaluated at multiple timepoints during the first year after COVID-19 diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 106 patients were included; of them, 28 were diagnosed with mild, 38 with moderate, and 40 with severe disease. At least one vaccine dose was administered in 58 individuals during the follow-up. Participants with mild disease presented significantly lower anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies compared to those with moderate and severe disease up to the 3rd and 6th months after the infection, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, in the third month, severe COVID-19 was associated with significantly higher anti-RBD (β: 563.09; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 257.02 to 869.17) and neutralizing (β: 21.47; 95% CI: 12.04 to 30.90) antibodies. Among vaccinated individuals, at the 12th month, a history of moderate disease was associated with significantly higher anti-RBD levels (β: 5615.19; 95% CI: 657.92 to 10,572.46). CONCLUSIONS Severe COVID-19 is associated with higher anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies up to 6 months after the infection. Vaccination of recovered patients is associated with a remarkable augmentation of antibody titers up to one year after COVID-19 diagnosis, regardless of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Zirou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria General and Chest Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Bellos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia D Sklirou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Tina Bagratuni
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Korompoki
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Filia Apostolakou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papassotiriou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Al Saihati HA, Hussein HAM, Thabet AA, Wardany AA, Mahmoud SY, Farrag ES, Mohamed TIA, Fathy SM, Elnosary ME, Sobhy A, Ahmed AE, El-Adly AM, El-Shenawy FS, Elsadek AA, Rayan A, Zahran ZAM, El-Badawy O, El-Naggar MGM, Afifi MM, Zahran AM. Memory T Cells Discrepancies in COVID-19 Patients. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2737. [PMID: 38004749 PMCID: PMC10673271 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response implicated in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis remains to be fully understood. The present study aimed to clarify the alterations in CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells' compartments in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, with an emphasis on various comorbidities affecting COVID-19 patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 35 COVID-19 patients, 16 recovered individuals, and 25 healthy controls, and analyzed using flow cytometry. Significant alterations were detected in the percentage of CD8+ T cells and effector memory-expressing CD45RA CD8+ T cells (TEMRA) in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, altered percentages of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, T effector (TEff), T naïve cells (TNs), T central memory (TCM), T effector memory (TEM), T stem cell memory (TSCM), and TEMRA T cells were significantly associated with the disease severity. Male patients had more CD8+ TSCMs and CD4+ TNs cells, while female patients had a significantly higher percentage of effector CD8+CD45RA+ T cells. Moreover, altered percentages of CD8+ TNs and memory CD8+CD45RO+ T cells were detected in diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19 patients, respectively. In summary, this study identified alterations in memory T cells among COVID-19 patients, revealing a sex bias in the percentage of memory T cells. Moreover, COVID-19 severity and comorbidities have been linked to specific subsets of T memory cells which could be used as therapeutic, diagnostic, and protective targets for severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajir A. Al Saihati
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafar Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.S.); (E.S.F.)
| | - Hosni A. M. Hussein
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (A.A.W.); (T.I.A.M.); (A.M.E.-A.); (F.S.E.-S.)
| | - Ali A. Thabet
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed A. Wardany
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (A.A.W.); (T.I.A.M.); (A.M.E.-A.); (F.S.E.-S.)
| | - Sabry Y. Mahmoud
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Microbiology, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Eman S. Farrag
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafar Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.S.); (E.S.F.)
- Department of Microbiology, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Taha I. A. Mohamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (A.A.W.); (T.I.A.M.); (A.M.E.-A.); (F.S.E.-S.)
| | - Samah M. Fathy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed E. Elnosary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Egypt; (M.E.E.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Ali Sobhy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (A.S.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Abdelazeem E. Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (A.S.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Adly
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (A.A.W.); (T.I.A.M.); (A.M.E.-A.); (F.S.E.-S.)
| | - Fareed S. El-Shenawy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (A.A.W.); (T.I.A.M.); (A.M.E.-A.); (F.S.E.-S.)
| | | | - Amal Rayan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | | | - Omnia El-Badawy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed G. M. El-Naggar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (M.G.M.E.-N.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Magdy M. Afifi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Egypt; (M.E.E.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Asmaa M. Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (M.G.M.E.-N.); (A.M.Z.)
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10
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Chen X, Liu B, Li C, Wang Y, Geng S, Du X, Weng J, Lai P. Stem cell-based therapy for COVID-19. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110890. [PMID: 37688914 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
While The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced that COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern(PHEIC), the risk of reinfection and new emerging variants still makes it crucial to study and work towards the prevention of COVID-19. Stem cell and stem cell-like derivatives have shown some promising results in clinical trials and preclinical studies as an alternative treatment option for the pulmonary illnesses caused by the COVID-19 and can be used as a potential vaccine. In this review, we will systematically summarize the pathophysiological process and potential mechanisms underlying stem cell-based therapy in COVID-19, and the registered COVID-19 clinical trials, and engineered extracellular vesicle as a potential vaccine for preventing COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Yulian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Suxia Geng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Peilong Lai
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China.
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11
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Wang Y, Liang Q, Chen F, Zheng J, Chen Y, Chen Z, Li R, Li X. Immune-Cell-Based Therapy for COVID-19: Current Status. Viruses 2023; 15:2148. [PMID: 38005826 PMCID: PMC10674523 DOI: 10.3390/v15112148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic. The interplay between innate and adaptive immune responses plays a crucial role in managing COVID-19. Cell therapy has recently emerged as a promising strategy to modulate the immune system, offering immense potential for the treatment of COVID-19 due to its customizability and regenerative capabilities. This review provides an overview of the various subsets of immune cell subsets implicated in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and a comprehensive summary of the current status of immune cell therapy in COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Wang
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qinghe Liang
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fengsheng Chen
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiehuang Zheng
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziye Chen
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruopeng Li
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (Y.W.); (Q.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.C.); (R.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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12
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Yan D, Yan B. Viral target and metabolism-based rationale for combined use of recently authorized small molecule COVID-19 medicines: Molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, and remdesivir. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:726-738. [PMID: 36931725 PMCID: PMC10505250 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic remains a major health concern worldwide, and SARS-CoV-2 is continuously evolving. There is an urgent need to identify new antiviral drugs and develop novel therapeutic strategies. Combined use of newly authorized COVID-19 medicines including molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, and remdesivir has been actively pursued. Mechanistically, nirmatrelvir inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication by targeting the viral main protease (Mpro ), a critical enzyme in the processing of the immediately translated coronavirus polyproteins for viral replication. Molnupiravir and remdesivir, on the other hand, inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by targeting RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp), which is directly responsible for genome replication and production of subgenomic RNAs. Molnupiravir targets RdRp and induces severe viral RNA mutations (genome), commonly referred to as error catastrophe. Remdesivir, in contrast, targets RdRp and causes chain termination and arrests RNA synthesis of the viral genome. In addition, all three medicines undergo extensive metabolism with strong therapeutic significance. Molnupiravir is hydrolytically activated by carboxylesterase-2 (CES2), nirmatrelvir is inactivated by cytochrome P450-based oxidation (e.g., CYP3A4), and remdesivir is hydrolytically activated by CES1 but covalently inhibits CES2. Additionally, remdesivir and nirmatrelvir are oxidized by the same CYP enzymes. The distinct mechanisms of action provide strong rationale for their combined use. On the other hand, these drugs undergo extensive metabolism that determines their therapeutic potential. This review discusses how metabolism pathways and enzymes involved should be carefully considered during their combined use for therapeutic synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine 609 Albany Street Boston, MA 02118
| | - Bingfang Yan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229
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Zhou S, Wen Y, Liu C, Zhong J, Liang M, Wu Y, Lv S, Gong Z, Lao D, Li T, Lu T, Tang J, Mo X, Huang W. Clinical Characteristics of Myasthenia Gravis Patients with COVID-19 in Guangxi, China: A Case-Control Study. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3157-3168. [PMID: 37525635 PMCID: PMC10387240 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s419307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose With the adjustment of prevention strategies in December 2022, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became widely prevalent in China. This study is aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients with COVID-19 and identify risk factors of exacerbation in MG patients with COVID-19 in Guangxi. Patients and Methods A total of 489 MG patients and 587 control subjects in Guangxi during the COVID-19 pandemic were enrolled in this case-control study. After contacting the participants, the clinical data of MG patients and the control group were analyzed. The clinical characteristics of MG patients with COVID-19 were described. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used for discovering independent risk factors of MG exacerbation in the patients with MG and COVID-19. Results A total of 311 (75.30%) MG patients and 428 (72.91%) control subjects were infected with COVID-19, and 64.31% of MG patients with COVID-19 were women. The median age at the time of interview was 41 (IQR: 28, 54) years old, and median onset age was 36 (IQR: 24, 51), both of which were lower than those in MG patients without COVID-19. MG duration was 24 (IQR: 9, 72) months. About 44.69% of patients were generalized MG (GMG). About 11.90% of MG patients with COVID-19 showed severe COVID-19 symptoms and the duration of symptomatic COVID-19 was 9.57 ± 6.79 days, higher than those in the control group. About 35.69% MG patients with immunosuppressive drugs were infected with COVID-19, which is higher than those in the non-infected MG patients (21.57%). A total of 120 (38.59%) MG patients with COVID-19 had comorbidities. About 21 (20.19%) of the 104 MG patients without vaccination showed severe COVID-19 symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that baseline MG activities of daily living profile (MG-ADL, OR 1.280, 95% CI: 1.010-1.621, p = 0.041), duration of COVID-19 (OR 1.158, 95% CI: 1.100-1.220, p < 0.001), GMG (OR 2.331, 95% CI: 1.228, 4.426, p = 0.010), and lack of COVID vaccination (OR 2.075, 95% CI: 1.152, 3.738, p = 0.015) were independent factors of exacerbation in MG patients with COVID-19. Conclusion MG patients with immunosuppressive drugs, younger onset, longer MG duration, or comorbidities are more susceptible to COVID-19. The baseline MG-ADL, duration of symptomatic COVID-19, GMG, and lack of COVID-19 vaccination are independent risk factors of exacerbation in MG patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yishuang Wen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Manli Liang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wu
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sirao Lv
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuowei Gong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dayuan Lao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Taiyan Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqun Tang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuean Mo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Zinellu A, Paliogiannis P, Mangoni AA. Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI), Disease Severity, and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4584. [PMID: 37510699 PMCID: PMC10381001 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined indices of different haematological cell types appear to be particularly promising for investigating the link between systemic inflammation and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), an emerging index derived from neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, and lymphocyte counts, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different disease severity and survival status. We searched electronic databases between the 1st of December 2019 and the 10th of June 2023 and assessed the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence. In 13 studies, severe disease/death was associated with significantly higher AISI values on admission vs. non-severe disease/survival (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.68, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.97, p < 0.001). The AISI was also significantly associated with severe disease/death in five studies reporting odds ratios (4.39, 95% CI 2.12 to 9.06, p ˂ 0.001), but not in three studies reporting hazard ratios (HR = 1.000, 95% CI 0.999 to 1.002, p = 0.39). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve values for severe disease/death were 0.66 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.73), 0.78 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.83), and 0.79 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.83), respectively. Our study has shown that the AISI on admission can effectively discriminate between patients with different disease severity and survival outcome (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023438025).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Paliogiannis
- Anatomical Pathology and Histology, University Hospital (AOU) of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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15
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Mangoni AA, Zinellu A. Systemic inflammation index, disease severity, and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212998. [PMID: 37415980 PMCID: PMC10320859 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction An excessive systemic pro-inflammatory state increases the risk of severe disease and mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is uncertainty regarding whether specific biomarkers of inflammation can enhance risk stratification in this group. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate an emerging biomarker of systemic inflammation derived from routine hematological parameters, the systemic inflammation index (SII), in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity and survival status. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, between the 1st of December 2019 and the 15th of March 2023. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation, respectively (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023420517). Results In 39 studies, patients with a severe disease or non-survivor status had significantly higher SII values on admission compared to patients with a non-severe disease or survivor status (standard mean difference (SMD)=0.91, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.06, p<0.001; moderate certainty of evidence). The SII was also significantly associated with the risk of severe disease or death in 10 studies reporting odds ratios (1.007, 95% CI 1.001 to 1.014, p=0.032; very low certainty of evidence) and in six studies reporting hazard ratios (1.99, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.92, p=0.047; very low certainty of evidence). Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for severe disease or mortality were 0.71 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.75), 0.71 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.77), and 0.77 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.80), respectively. In meta-regression, significant correlations were observed between the SMD and albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and D-dimer. Discussion Our systematic review and meta-analysis has shown that the SII on admission is significantly associated with severe disease and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this inflammatory biomarker derived from routine haematological parameters can be helpful for early risk stratification in this group. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023420517.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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16
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Larenas-Linnemann D, Morfin-Maciel BM, Bedolla-Barajas M, López-Bago A, Navarrete Rodríguez EM, Mogica-Martínez MD, Gereda JE, Sarrazola Sanjuan M, Cano Pedroza RY, Cavallo MC, Romero Tapia SDJ, Jossen RA, Fuentes Pérez JM, Del Rio Navarro BE, Rodríguez Zagal E, Piraino Sosa PA, Huerta Villalobos YR, Chavez-Vereau P, García Imperial DA, Olivares Gómez M, Valle Rodríguez F, Zuñiga Reyes CO, Rodríguez-González M, Gallego Corella CI, Ivancevich JC, García Cruz MDLLH, Repka-Ramirez MS, Flores Morales ME, Fernández De Córdova Aguirre JC, Luna-Pech JA, Rivero Yeverino D, Martínez Guzmán E, Pérez Ortiz CE, Villa Médica L. Aeroallergen immunotherapy associated with reduced risk of severe COVID-19 in 1095 allergic patients. World Allergy Organ J 2023; 16:100779. [PMID: 37251811 PMCID: PMC10154540 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) brings along changes in the immune system, restoring dendritic cell function, reducing T2 inflammation and augmenting the regulatory cell activation. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, interferes with the immune system causing immune suppression during the first phase and over-activation in more advanced disease. We decided to explore the interaction of both in a real-world observational trial. Methods We registered COVID-19 outcomes in patients with allergic disorders in Latin America, treated with and without AIT. The registry was conducted during the first 1.3 years of the pandemic, with most of the data collected before COVID-19 vaccination was concluded in most countries. Data collection was anonymous via a web-based instrument. Ten countries participated. Results 630/1095 (57.6%) of the included patients received AIT. Compared to patients without AIT, those treated with AIT had a reduced risk ratio (RR) for COVID-19 lower respiratory symptoms (RR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.6703-0.9024; p = 0.001662) and need for oxygen therapy (RR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.4217-0.9992; p = 0.048). In adherent patients on maintenance sublingual immunotherapy/subcutaneous immunotherapy (SLIT/SCIT) the RR reduction was larger [RR = 0.6136 (95% CI 0.4623-0.8143; p < 0.001) and RR: 0.3495 (95% CI 0.1822-0.6701; p < 0.005), respectively]. SLIT was slightly more effective (NS). We excluded age, comorbidities, level of health care attendance, and type of allergic disorder as confounders, although asthma was related to a higher frequency of severe disease. When analyzing patients with allergic asthma (n = 503) the RR reduction favoring AIT was more pronounced with 30% for lower respiratory symptoms or worse (RR 0.6914, 95% CI 0.5264 to 0.9081, p = 0.0087) and 51% for need of oxygen therapy or worse (RR 0.4868, 95% CI 0.2829-0.8376, p = 0.0082). Among severe allergic patients treated with biologics (n = 24) only 2/24 needed oxygen therapy. There were no critical cases among them. Conclusion In our registry AIT was associated with reduced COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana López-Bago
- Facultad de medicina, Universidad Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - María Cecilia Cavallo
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital San Martín, Paraná ER Argentina
| | | | | | - José Miguel Fuentes Pérez
- Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca E Del Rio Navarro
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - María Susana Repka-Ramirez
- Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Department, Hospital de Clínicas-FCM, Universidad Nacional, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Jorge A Luna-Pech
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico
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Starikova EA, Rubinstein AA, Mammedova JT, Isakov DV, Kudryavtsev IV. Regulated Arginine Metabolism in Immunopathogenesis of a Wide Range of Diseases: Is There a Way to Pass between Scylla and Charybdis? Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3525-3551. [PMID: 37185755 PMCID: PMC10137093 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
More than a century has passed since arginine was discovered, but the metabolism of the amino acid never ceases to amaze researchers. Being a conditionally essential amino acid, arginine performs many important homeostatic functions in the body; it is involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system and regeneration processes. In recent years, more and more facts have been accumulating that demonstrate a close relationship between arginine metabolic pathways and immune responses. This opens new opportunities for the development of original ways to treat diseases associated with suppressed or increased activity of the immune system. In this review, we analyze the literature describing the role of arginine metabolism in the immunopathogenesis of a wide range of diseases, and discuss arginine-dependent processes as a possible target for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora A Starikova
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Akademika Pavlova 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Medical Faculty, First Saint Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University, L'va Tolstogo St. 6-8, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artem A Rubinstein
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Akademika Pavlova 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jennet T Mammedova
- Laboratory of General Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Akademika Pavlova 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Isakov
- Medical Faculty, First Saint Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University, L'va Tolstogo St. 6-8, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor V Kudryavtsev
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Akademika Pavlova 12, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, FEFU Campus, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
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