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Cai D, Xiao T, Chen Q, Gu Q, Wang Y, Ji Y, Sun L, Wei J, Wang Q. Association between triglyceride glucose and acute kidney injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a propensity score‑matched analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:216. [PMID: 38643093 PMCID: PMC11031878 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) often indicates a poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and the risk of AKI in patients with AMI. METHODS Data were taken from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) database. A 1:3 propensity score (PS) was set to match patients in the AKI and non-AKI groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression and subgroup analysis were performed to assess the association between TyG index and AKI. RESULTS Totally, 1831 AMI patients were included, of which 302 (15.6%) had AKI. The TyG level was higher in AKI patients than in non-AKI patients (9.30 ± 0.71 mg/mL vs. 9.03 ± 0.73 mg/mL, P < 0.001). Compared to the lowest quartile of TyG levels, quartiles 3 or 4 had a higher risk of AKI, respectively (Odds Ratiomodel 4 = 2.139, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.382-3.310, for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, Ptrend < 0.001). The risk of AKI increased by 34.4% when the TyG level increased by 1 S.D. (OR: 1.344, 95% CI: 1.150-1.570, P < 0.001). The TyG level was non-linearly associated with the risk of AKI in the population within a specified range. After 1:3 propensity score matching, the results were similar and the TyG level remained a risk factor for AKI in patients with AMI. CONCLUSION High levels of TyG increase the risk of AKI in AMI patients. The TyG level is a predictor of AKI risk in AMI patients, and can be used for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Qianwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Qingqing Gu
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China.
| | - Jun Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 220005, China.
| | - Qingjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China.
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Liang H, Song K. Elucidating ascorbate and aldarate metabolism pathway characteristics via integration of untargeted metabolomics and transcriptomics of the kidney of high-fat diet-fed obese mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300705. [PMID: 38603672 PMCID: PMC11008897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease and can activate renal oxidative stress injury. Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism is an important carbohydrate metabolic pathway that protects cells from oxidative damage. However the effect of oxidative stress on this pathway is still unclear. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the ascorbate and aldarate metabolism pathway in the kidneys of high-fat diet-fed obese mice and determine the effects of oxidative stress. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed on a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce obesity. Subsequently, non-targeted metabolomics profiling was used to identify metabolites in the kidney tissues of the obese mice, followed by RNA sequencing using transcriptomic methods. The integrated analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics revealed the alterations in the ascorbate and aldarate metabolic pathway in the kidneys of these high-fat diet-fed obese mice. The high-fat diet-induced obesity resulted in notable changes, including thinning of the glomerular basement membrane, alterations in podocyte morphology, and an increase in oxidative stress. Metabolomics analysis revealed 649 metabolites in the positive-ion mode, and 470 metabolites in the negative-ion mode. Additionally, 659 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the obese mice, of which 34 were upregulated and 625 downregulated. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed two DEGs and 13 differential metabolites in the ascorbate and aldarate metabolic pathway. The expression levels of ugt1a9 and ugt2b1 were downregulated, and the ascorbate level in kidney tissue of obese mice was reduced. Thus, renal oxidative stress injury induced by high-fat diet affects metabolic regulation of ascorbate and aldarate metabolism in obese mice. Ascorbate emerged as a potential marker for predicting kidney damage due to high-fat diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Kang Song
- Endocrinology Department, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai University Affiliated People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
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3
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Pereira RO, Correia LA, Farah D, Komoni G, Farah V, Fiorino P. Wistar rat as an animal model to study high-fat induced kidney damage: a systematic review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:205-214. [PMID: 34915796 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.2017462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The effects of high-fat-associated kidney damage in humans are not completely elucidated. Animal experiments are essential to understanding the mechanisms underlying human diseases. This systematic review aimed to compile evidence of the role of a high-fat diet during the development of renal lipotoxicity and fibrosis of Wistar rats to understand whether this is a satisfactory model for the study of high fat-induced kidney damage. We conducted systematic searches in PUBMED, EMBASE, Lilacs, and Web of Science databases from inception until May 2021. The risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE toll. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and reviewed full-text articles. A total of 11 studies were included. The damage varied depending on the age and sex of the animals, time of protocol, and amount of fat in the diet. In conclusion, the Wistar rat is an adequate animal model to assess the effects of a high-fat diet on the kidneys.HighlightsA high-fat diet may promote kidney damage in Wistar rats.Wistar rat is efficient as an animal model to study high-fat-induced kidney damage.The effect of the diet depends on the fat amount, consumption time, and animal age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata O Pereira
- Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana A Correia
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Farah
- Women's Health Technology Assessment Center, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geovana Komoni
- Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Farah
- Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Fiorino
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Shrestha N, Sleep SL, Holland OJ, Vidimce J, Bulmer AC, Cuffe JSM, Perkins AV, McAinch AJ, Hryciw DH. Maternal Diet High in Linoleic Acid Alters Offspring Lipids and Hepatic Regulators of Lipid Metabolism in an Adolescent Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1129. [PMID: 38256199 PMCID: PMC10816089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA), an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), is essential for fetal growth and development. A maternal high LA (HLA) diet alters cardiovascular development in adolescent rats and hepatic function in adult rats in a sex-specific manner. We investigated the effects of an HLA diet on adolescent offspring hepatic lipids and hepatic lipid metabolism gene expression, and the ability of the postnatal diet to alter these effects. Female Wistar Kyoto rats were fed low LA (LLA; 1.44% energy from LA) or high LA (HLA; 6.21% energy from LA) diets during pregnancy and gestation/lactation. Offspring, weaned at postnatal day (PN) 25, were fed LLA or HLA and euthanised at PN40 (n = 6-8). Maternal HLA increased circulating uric acid, decreased hepatic cholesterol and increased hepatic Pparg in males, whereas only hepatic Srebf1 and Hmgcr increased in females. Postnatal (post-weaning) HLA decreased liver weight (% body weight) and increased hepatic Hmgcr in males, and decreased hepatic triglycerides in females. Maternal and postnatal HLA had an interaction effect on Lpl, Cpt1a and Pparg in females. These findings suggest that an HLA diet both during and after pregnancy should be avoided to improve offspring disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirajan Shrestha
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (S.L.S.); (O.J.H.); (J.V.); (A.C.B.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Simone L. Sleep
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (S.L.S.); (O.J.H.); (J.V.); (A.C.B.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Olivia J. Holland
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (S.L.S.); (O.J.H.); (J.V.); (A.C.B.); (A.V.P.)
- Women’s, Newborn and Childrens Services, Gold Coast Health, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Josif Vidimce
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (S.L.S.); (O.J.H.); (J.V.); (A.C.B.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Andrew C. Bulmer
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (S.L.S.); (O.J.H.); (J.V.); (A.C.B.); (A.V.P.)
| | - James S. M. Cuffe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Anthony V. Perkins
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.S.); (S.L.S.); (O.J.H.); (J.V.); (A.C.B.); (A.V.P.)
- School of Health, University of Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - Andrew J. McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St. Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Deanne H. Hryciw
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Griffith Institute of Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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Abou-Hashim F, Khalifa WH, Shalaby MB, Kassem SM, Khalil WKB. Evaluation of Fasting and Probiotics in Reducing Postweaning Stress in Rabbits: Study of their Effects on Biochemical and Gene expression Patterns. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:558-572. [PMID: 37160565 PMCID: PMC10794315 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04479-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Postweaning stress in mammalian in vivo models leads to significant oxidative stress in the body as well as inducing hormonal disturbance. In this study, we assessed progressive alterations in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which at high levels can show oxidative stress, in addition to oxidative damage to the DNA structure of rabbits. Different groups of rabbits were fasted for 48 h per week for 3 weeks, fed a commercial diet with probiotics added (200 mg of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis), and fasted while being treated with probiotics. The results showed that weaning induced a significant elevation in oxidative stress markers, such as the ROS-related genes malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1) and flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2), DNA damage, and hormonal disturbance. However, probiotic treatment resulted in significant decreases in the levels of malondialdehyde, cortisol, and triiodothyronine (T3); DNA damage; and apoptosis, as well as changes in the expression of ROS-related genes. On the other hand, supplementation with probiotics reduced these postweaning stress signs in fasted animal models by elevating the genes encoding catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as increasing glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-s-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, and thyroxin (T4) levels. The results suggest that supplementation with probiotics accompanied by a fasting program could decrease oxidative stress, ROS genes, and genomic DNA damage and improve the hormonal status that is induced by postweaning stress in mammalian in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abou-Hashim
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Walaa H Khalifa
- Animal Production Department, Agricultural and Biological Researches Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed B Shalaby
- Toxicology Department, General Organization of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Ministry of Health and Population, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Salwa M Kassem
- Department of Cell Biology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wagdy K B Khalil
- Department of Cell Biology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Wang Q, Sun J, Wang R, Sun J. Inhibition of EZH2 mitigates peritoneal fibrosis and lipid precipitation in peritoneal mesothelial cells mediated by klotho. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2149411. [PMID: 36724065 PMCID: PMC9897791 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2149411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal fibrosis caused by long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the main reason why patients withdraw from PD treatment. Lipid accumulation in the peritoneum was shown to participate in fibrosis, and klotho is a molecule involved in lipid metabolism. GSK343 (enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) inhibitor) has been verified to inhibit epithelial mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) and peritoneal fibrosis, but its related mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether lipid accumulation was involved in the effect of GSK343 and its related mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the expression of EZH2, klotho and EMT indices in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) incubated with high glucose (HG) levels was detected. After EZH2 was inhibited by GSK343, Western blot (WB), wound healing and Transwell assays were used to explore the effect of GSK343. EZH2 and klotho expression was also detected. Oil red O and Nile red staining and triglyceride (TG) detection kits were used to detect lipid accumulation. A rescue experiment with small interfering RNA specific for klotho (si-klotho) on the basis of GSK343 was also conducted to verify that GSK343 exerted its effect via klotho. In in vivo experiments, rats were administered GSK343, and the related index was assessed. RESULTS In our study, we revealed that the expression of EZH2 was significantly upregulated and klotho was significantly downregulated in HMrSV5 cells induced by high glucose. With the aid of GSK343, we found that lipid deposition caused by HG was significantly decreased. In addition, EMT and fibrosis were also significantly alleviated. Moreover, GSK343 could also restore the downregulation of klotho. To further verify whether klotho mediated the effect of EZH2, a rescue experiment with si-klotho was also conducted. The results showed that si-klotho could counteract the protective effect of GSK343 on high glucose-induced lipid accumulation and fibrosis. In vivo experiments also revealed that GSK343 could relieve peritoneal fibrosis, lipid deposition and EMT by mitigating EZH2 and restoring klotho expression. CONCLUSIONS Combining these findings, we found that EZH2 regulated lipid deposition, peritoneal fibrosis, and EMT mediated by klotho. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the effect of the EZH2-klotho interaction on peritoneal fibrosis. Hence, EZH2 and klotho could act as potential targets for the treatment of peritoneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingshu Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,CONTACT Jing Sun Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250021, China
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Naomi R, Rusli RNM, Othman F, Balan SS, Abidin AZ, Embong H, Teoh SH, Jasni AS, Jumidil SH, Bahari H, Yazid MD. The role of Elateriospermum tapos yoghurt in mitigating high-fat dietary cause of maternal obesity-an experimental study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1131830. [PMID: 37415666 PMCID: PMC10321599 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1131830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is the key predictor for childhood obesity and neurodevelopmental delay in the offspring. Medicinal plants are considered to be the safe and best option, and at the same time, probiotic consumption during pregnancy provides beneficial effects for both the mother and the child. Current research has shown that Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) yoghurt is safe to consume and consists of many bioactive compounds that can exert an anti-obesity effect. Thus, this study has been designed to study the role of E. tapos yoghurt in mitigating maternal obesity. In this study, a total of 48 female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to six groups, with eight rats per group, and obesity was induced over 16 weeks with a high-fat diet (HFD) pellet. On the 17th week, the rats were allowed to mate and pregnancy was confirmed through vaginal smear. The obese induced group was further divided into negative and positive control groups, followed by E. tapos yoghurt treatment groups with three different concentrations (5, 50, and 500 mg/kg). The changes in body weight, calorie intake, lipid profile, liver profile, renal profile, and histopathological analysis were measured on postnatal day (PND) 21. The results show that the group with the highest concentration of E. tapos yoghurt (HYT500) supplementation shows gradual reduction in body weight and calorie intake on PND 21 and modulates the lipid level, liver, and renal enzymes to a normal level similar to the normal group. In histological analysis, HYT500 reverses the damage caused by HFD in liver and colon, and reverses the adipocytes' hypertrophy in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue and visceral fat. In conclusion, supplementation of E. tapos yoghurt during the gestational period up to weaning is effective in the gradual weight loss of maternal obese dams from the 500-mg/kg-supplemented group in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Fezah Othman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Santhra Segaran Balan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Azrina Zainal Abidin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hashim Embong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Azmiza Syawani Jasni
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) , Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hadizah Jumidil
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Prem PN, Chellappan DR, Kurian GA. High-fat diet-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with loss of protection from ischemic preconditioning in renal ischemia reperfusion. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:637-653. [PMID: 36867229 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and the latter act as a critical factor in determining the severity of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in different cell types. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), a well-known protocol that render IR protection in kidney works via mitochondria. In the present study, we evaluated how HFD kidney with underlying mitochondrial changes respond to precondition protocol after IR induction. Wistar male rats were used in this study and were divided into two groups: SD (standard diet; n = 18) and HFD (high-fat diet; n = 18), which were further subdivided into sham, ischemia-reperfusion, and precondition groups at the end of the dietary regimen. Blood biochemistry, renal injury marker, creatinine clearance (CrCl), mitochondrial quality (fission, fusion, and phagy), mitochondrial function via ETC enzyme activities and respiration, and signalling pathway were analysed. Sixteen weeks of HFD administration to the rat deteriorated the renal mitochondrial health measured via 10% decline in mitochondrial respiration index ADP/O (in GM), reduced mitochondrial copy number (55%), biogenesis (56%), low bioenergetics potential (19% complex I + III and 15% complex II + III), increased oxidative stress, and reduced expression of mitochondrial fusion genes compared with SD rats. IR procedure in HFD rat kidney inflicted significant mitochondrial dysfunction and further deteriorated copy number along with impaired mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics. IPC could effectively ameliorate the renal ischemia injury in normal rat but failed to provide similar kind of protection in HFD rat kidney. Even though the IR-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in both normal and HFD rats were similar, the magnitude of overall dysfunction and corresponding renal injury and compromised physiology was high in HFD rats. This observation was further confirmed via in vitro protein translation assay in isolated mitochondria from normal and HFD rat kidney that showed significantly reduction in the response ability of mitochondria in HFD. In conclusion, the deteriorated mitochondrial function and its quality along with low mitochondrial copy number and downregulation of mitochondrial dynamic gene exhibited by HFD rat kidney augments the sensitivity of renal tissue towards the IR injury which leads to the compromised protective ability by ischemic preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka N Prem
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - David Raj Chellappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. .,Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.
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A high-fat, high-fructose diet induced hepatic steatosis, renal lesions, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia in non-obese rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10896. [PMID: 36247176 PMCID: PMC9562237 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive consumption of fat and sugar is associated with various chronic diseases. However, the variation of fat and sugar content in the diet greatly affected the outcome. In this study, a high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHFD) formula was made with a composition of 31.99% carbohydrate, 40.7% fat, 11.8% protein, and an additional 30% fructose drink to confirm the effects of HFHFD on metabolic health and pathological changes in organs, especially the liver, kidneys, pancreas, muscles, and spleen. A total of 24 male Wistar rats aged 8–12 weeks were divided into four groups: standard chow (SC), HFHFD, SC + carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and HFHFD + CCl4. After eight weeks of dietary intervention, body mass index, obesity index, lipid profiles, liver function tests, fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid and urea levels, and tissue histopathology were examined. HFHFD with the main unsaturated fatty acids of linoleic acid (14.57%) and palmitoleic acid (8.28%), the main saturated fatty acids of stearic acid (13.62%) and myristic acid (10.09%), and a low trans-fatty acids content, did not promote the rats to become obese. However, liver histology examination showed severe hepatic steatosis (78.33%), leading to steatohepatitis accompanied by an increase in serum ALP (p < 0.01), triglyceride (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.05), and uric acid (p < 0.001) levels. Other histological features showed moderate lesions (45%) of the kidney, slight vacuolization of the pancreas, and a mild increase of inflammatory cells in the spleen and muscle. So, this study found that although HFHFD did not promote obesity within 8 weeks of administration, it induced hepatic and renal lesions, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia as a metabolic consequence of excessive fatty acids and fructose.
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Meléndez-Salcido CG, Ramírez-Emiliano J, Pérez-Vázquez V. Hypercaloric Diet Promotes Metabolic Disorders and Impaired Kidney Function. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3127-3139. [PMID: 36278446 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221020162955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Poor dietary habits such as overconsumption of hypercaloric diets characterized by a high content of fructose and fat are related to metabolic abnormalities development such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that if energy intake gradually exceeds the body's ability to store fat in adipose tissue, the prolonged metabolic imbalance of circulating lipids from endogenous and exogenous sources leads to ectopic fat distribution in the peripheral organs, especially in the heart, liver, and kidney. The kidney is easily affected by dyslipidemia, which induces lipid accumulation and reflects an imbalance between fatty acid supply and fatty acid utilization. This derives from tissue lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation, resulting in structural and functional changes that lead to glomerular and tubule-interstitial damage. Some authors indicate that a lipid-lowering pharmacological approach combined with a substantial lifestyle change should be considered to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD). Also, the new therapeutic target identification and the development of new drugs targeting metabolic pathways involved with kidney lipotoxicity could constitute an additional alternative to combat the complex mechanisms involved in impaired kidney function. In this review article, we first provide the pathophysiological evidence regarding the impact of hypercaloric diets, such as high-fat diets and high-fructose diets, on the development of metabolic disorders associated with impaired renal function and the molecular mechanisms underlying tissue lipid deposition. In addition, we present the current progress regarding translational strategies to prevent and/or treat kidney injury related to the consumption of hypercaloric diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Gabriela Meléndez-Salcido
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 20 de enero, 929 Col. Obregón CP 37320. León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Joel Ramírez-Emiliano
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 20 de enero, 929 Col. Obregón CP 37320. León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Victoriano Pérez-Vázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 20 de enero, 929 Col. Obregón CP 37320. León, Guanajuato, México
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11
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Yu Y, Pei F, Li Z. Orientin and vitexin attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells: a molecular docking study, biochemical characterization, and mechanism analysis. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Das S, Choudhuri D. Dietary calcium regulates the risk renal injury in high fat diet induced obese rats by regulating renal lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1039-1049. [PMID: 32255372 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1746812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The antiobesity effect of dietary calcium by preventing fat accumulation and weight gain was well established from several epidemiological and animal studies. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of dietary calcium against obesity-associated with renal injury in high fat diet induced obese rats. Materials and Methods: Obesity was induced by high fat diet (HFD) and then given either low or high calcium HFD (0.25% and 1.0%) for another 30 days. RESULTS The results showed that 1.0% high calcium group was effective in reducing renal lipogenesis activity, lipid accumulation, fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) expression, oxidative stress, inflammation and increased the adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) expression. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Downregulation of renal lipid accumulation by high calcium diet through AMPK mediated lipogenesis activity, oxidative stress and the inflammatory response seemed to prevent the renal injury in high fat diet (HFD) induced obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Das
- Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, India
| | - Dipayan Choudhuri
- Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, India
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13
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Koontanatechanon A, Wongphatcharachai M, Nonthabenjawan N, Jariyahatthakij P, Leksrisompong P, Srichana P, Prasopdee S, Roytrakul S, Sriyakul K, Thitapakorn V, Pawa KK. The Effects of Increasing Dietary Fat on Serum Lipid Profile and Modification of Gut Microbiome in C57BL/6N Mice. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1039-1049. [PMID: 35781256 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a condition where the blood shows an elevated level of lipid, such as cholesterol and triglyceride. It is considered a risk factor for all coronary artery death globally. Association of microbiome with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including hyperlipidemia has been reportedly associated. In this study, we hypothesize that the change in microbiome is correlated to the change in serum lipid level, which resulted by increasing dietary fat consumption. The 32 male, 14-week-old, C57BL/6N were divided into 4 groups, each group received control diet, 10%, 20%, and 40% kcal fat diet prepared from purified pork lard, respectively for 28 days. Fasting serum lipids and fecal microbiome were then analyzed. The group of animals assigned to 40% kcal fat showed significantly increased serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL (p < 0.05). Microbiome analysis revealed the abundance of Muribaculaceae and Saccharimonadaceae were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). On the contrary, the abundance of Clostridia_UCG014, Akkermansiaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation indicated that the abundance of Akkermansiaceae and Bacteroidaceae were positively associated with the increased of serum cholesterol and LDL (p < 0.05), while the abundance of Muribaculaceae, Clostridia_UCG-014, and Saccharimonadaceae were negatively associated (p < 0.05). These results suggest that dietary fat have ability to manipulated microbiome with relative to elevation of serum lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantawat Koontanatechanon
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University.,Feed Technology Office, Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF)
| | | | | | | | - Pattarin Leksrisompong
- CPF Food Research & Development Center, Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF)
| | - Pairat Srichana
- Feed Technology Office, Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF)
| | | | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency
| | - Kusuma Sriyakul
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University
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14
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Zeitler EM, Jennette JC, Flythe JE, Falk RJ, Poulton JS. High-calorie diet results in reversible obesity-related glomerulopathy in adult zebrafish regardless of dietary fat. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F527-F539. [PMID: 35224994 PMCID: PMC8977181 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00018.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of kidney disease. The role of diet in this association remains undetermined, in part due to practical limitations in studying nutrition in humans. In particular, the relative importance of calorie excess versus dietary macronutrient content is poorly understood. For example, it is unknown if calorie restriction modulates obesity-related kidney pathology. To study the effects of diet-induced obesity in a novel animal model, we treated zebrafish for 8 wk with diets varied in both calorie and fat content. Kidneys were evaluated by light and electron microscopy. We evaluated glomerular filtration barrier function using a dextran permeability assay. We assessed the effect of diet on podocyte sensitivity to injury using an inducible podocyte injury model. We then tested the effect of calorie restriction on the defects caused by diet-induced obesity. Fish fed a high-calorie diet developed glomerulomegaly (mean: 1,211 vs. 1,010 µm2 in controls, P = 0.007), lower podocyte density, foot process effacement, glomerular basement membrane thickening, tubular enlargement (mean: 1,038 vs. 717 µm2 in controls, P < 0.0001), and ectopic lipid deposition. Glomerular filtration barrier dysfunction and increased susceptibility to podocyte injury were observed with high-calorie feeding regardless of dietary fat content. These pathological changes resolved with 4 wk of calorie restriction. Our findings suggest that calorie excess rather than dietary fat drives obesity-related kidney dysfunction and that inadequate podocyte proliferation in response to glomerular enlargement may cause podocyte dysfunction. We also demonstrate the value of zebrafish as a novel model for studying diet in obesity-related kidney disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Obesity is a risk factor for kidney disease. The role of diet in this association is difficult to study in humans. In this study, zebrafish fed a high-calorie diet, regardless of fat macronutrient composition, developed glomerulomegaly, foot process effacement, and filtration barrier dysfunction, recapitulating the changes seen in humans with obesity. Calorie restriction reversed the changes. This work suggests that macronutrient composition may be less important than total calories in the development of obesity-related kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Zeitler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - J Charles Jennette
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Nephropathology Division, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer E Flythe
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ronald J Falk
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John S Poulton
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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15
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AÇIKEL ELMAS M, BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR Ö, KOLGAZİ M, ŞENER G, ERCAN F. Morphological and Biochemical Investigation of the Healing Effects of Exercise on High Fat Diet Induced Kidney and Bladder Damage. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1027516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the preventive effects of swimming exercise on kidney and bladder damage caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) using morphological and biochemical measures.
Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were fed either standard chow (CONT, 6% fat) or HFD (45% fat) for 18 weeks, these rats were divided into two subgroups at the last 6 weeks of the experiment. The exercise groups (CONT+EXC, HFD+EXC) were trained daily swimming sessions (1 h per day for 5 days/week) during the last 6 weeks. Kidney and bladder samples were prepared for light and electron microscopic examination at the end of experiment. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured by biochemically.Results: Regular morphology of renal cortex and urinary bladder mucosa were observed in the CONT and CONT+EXC groups. Degenerated renal corpuscles and proximal tubules in kidney and degenerated urothelium with leaky tight junctions and increase of mast cells in bladder mucosa were observed in the HFD group. Ameliorated renal cortex and bladder mucosa were observed in the HFD+EXC group. Moreover, malondialdehyde, glutathione, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor- α levels were compatible with histological findings.
Conclusion: HFD induced kidney and bladder damage may have linked to increased oxidative damage. It was observed that histological damage and altered oxidative stress parameters were reversed with swimming exercise, and it is thought that moderate swimming exercise may have a role in the regulation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Göksel ŞENER
- FENERBAHÇE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU
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16
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Tantisattamo E, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Molnar MZ. Nutritional and dietary interventions to prolong renal allograft survival after kidney transplantation. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2022; 31:6-17. [PMID: 34750333 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diet plays an important role in slowing progression of chronic kidney disease in native and transplanted kidneys. There is limited evidence on the association on dietary intake with renal allograft function. Mechanisms of major nutrients and dietary patterns with focusing on a plant-based diet related to kidney transplant health and longevity are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS High dietary protein intake may adversely affect renal allograft. Low protein plant-focused diets such as Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, plant-dominant low-protein diet and Mediterranean diets appear associated with favorable outcomes in slowing renal allograft function decline. The mechanism may be related to a change in renal hemodynamic by decreasing glomerular hyperfiltration from low dietary protein intake and plant-based ingredients. Recent observational studies of association between dietary protein intake and kidney allograft outcomes are conflicting. Although strong evidence is still lacking, a low protein diet of 0.6-0.8 g/kg/day with at least 50% of the protein source from plant-based components in kidney transplant recipients with stable kidney allograft function should be considered as the dietary target. SUMMARY Dietary intervention with low-protein plant-focused meals may improve outcomes in kidney transplant recipients, but the evidence remains limited and further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekamol Tantisattamo
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange.,Nephrology Section, Department of Medicine, Tibor Rubin Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California.,Multi-Organ Transplant Center, Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange.,Nephrology Section, Department of Medicine, Tibor Rubin Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California.,Lundquist Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Miklos Z Molnar
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Utah, USA
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17
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Chen S, Chen J, Li S, Guo F, Li A, Wu H, Chen J, Pan Q, Liao S, Liu HF, Pan Q. High-Fat Diet-Induced Renal Proximal Tubular Inflammatory Injury: Emerging Risk Factor of Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:786599. [PMID: 34950058 PMCID: PMC8688947 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.786599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, with the improvements in living standards and changes in living habits, high-fat diet (HFD) has become much more common in the populations worldwide. Recent studies have shown that HFD could induce lipid accumulation, and structural and functional abnormalities, accompanied by the release of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). These findings indicate that, as an emerging risk factor, PTEC injury-induced by HFD may be closely related to inflammation; however, the potential mechanisms underlying this phenomenon is still not well-known, but may involve the several inflammatory pathways, including oxidative stress-related signaling pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, the myeloid differentiation factor 2/Toll like receptor 4 (MD2/TLR4) signaling pathway, the ERK1/2-kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1)-related pathway, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, etc., and the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying these pathways still need further investigated in the future. Based on lipid abnormalities-induced inflammation is closely related to the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), to summarize the potential mechanisms underlying HFD-induced renal proximal tubular inflammatory injury, may provide novel approaches for CKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinxia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shangmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fengbiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Han Wu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Quanren Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuzhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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18
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Prem PN, Kurian GA. High-Fat Diet Increased Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715693. [PMID: 34539439 PMCID: PMC8446506 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the major causes of acute kidney injury influenced by the ischemic duration and the presence of comorbidities. Studies have reported that high-fat diet consumption can induce renal lipotoxicity and metabolic dyshomeostasis that can compromise the vital functions of kidney. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a high-fat diet in the recovery of renal tissue from IR and explored the cellular pathology. In this study, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: normal diet (ND; n = 12) and high-fat diet (HD; n = 12), which were further subdivided into sham and IR groups at the end of the dietary regimen. The high-fat diet was introduced in 4-week-old rats and continued for 16 weeks. IR was induced by bilateral clamping of the renal peduncle for 45 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Blood chemistry, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress analysis were carried out to study the pathological changes. The rats fed with HD showed a decreased eGFR and elevated plasma creatinine, thereby compromised kidney function. Subcellular level changes in HD rats are deceased mitochondrial copy number, low PGC-1α gene expression, and declined electron transport chain (ETC) enzymes and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level. Upon IR induction, HD rats exhibited severely impaired renal function (eGFR-0.09 ml/min) and elevated injury markers compared with ND rats. A histological analysis displayed increased tubular necrosis and cast formation in HD-IR in comparison to ND-IR. The oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were more prominent in HD-IR. In vitro protein translation assessment revealed impaired translational capacity in HD-IR mitochondria, which suggests mitochondrial changes with diet that may adversely affect the outcome of IR injury. High-fat diet consumption alters the normal renal function by modifying the cellular mitochondria. The renal changes compromise the ability of the kidney to recover from ischemia during reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka N Prem
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.,Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.,Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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19
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Liu J, Su X, Lu J, Ning J, Lin M, Zhou H. PM 2.5 induces intestinal damage by affecting gut microbiota and metabolites of rats fed a high-carbohydrate diet. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 279:116849. [PMID: 33773181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 has a major impact on the gastrointestinal system, but the specific mechanism behind this action is not fully understood. Current studies have focused on the relationship between PM2.5 and intestinal flora disorder, while ignoring the important influence of diet on gut microbes. In this study, SD rats were fed either a normal, high-fat, or high-carbohydrate diet for two months and exposed to PM2.5 (7 mg/kg b.w.) by intratracheal instillation. The results showed that the body and kidney weights of the rats in the high-fat diet group were significantly increased relative to those with a normal diet, and changes in the intestinal microbes and metabolites induced by PM2.5 were observed. Rats in the high-carbohydrate diet group had a significant response, and the diversity and richness indices of the flora were reduced (p < 0.05); additionally, intestinal Biffidobacterium and Lactobacillus were enriched, while many endogenous metabolites were found. Some amino acids derivatives and long-chain fatty acids were increased (p < 0.05). Both diet structure and PM2.5 exposure can affect the composition of gut microbiota, and intestinal metabolites may be associated with cell membrane damage when a high-carbohydrate diet interacts with PM2.5. This study considers multiple dietary factors to further supplement the evidence of intestinal damage via PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Xianghui Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Changji Branch, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, 831100, China
| | - Jianjiang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China.
| | - Jianying Ning
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Meng Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Hongjuan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China
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20
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Kanthe PS, Patil BS, Das KK. Terminalia arjuna supplementation ameliorates high fat diet-induced oxidative stress in nephrotoxic rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:409-417. [PMID: 33743558 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress; also it makes deleterious effect on kidney functions and land up in lipotoxicity in renal tissue. Lipotoxicity is the pathological situation where lipid Peroxidation occurs and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS than antioxidant present in tissues cause oxidative stress. Terminalia arjuna is found to be potential antioxidant that counteract oxidative stress and possibly maintain glomerular integrity. METHODS Ethanolic extract of T. arjuna (ETO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as following; group 1-Control (20% fat); group 2 (ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt). Dietary and ETO supplementation were continued for 21 days. Gravimetric, kidney functions (blood urea and serum creatinine) and oxidative stress markers like MDA, SOD and GSH were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on kidney along with measurement of glomerular integrity. Morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity was evaluated by measuring glomerular length, width, glomerular area and Bowman's capsule radius. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data. RESULTS Blood urea and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in high fat fed rats indicating renal dysfunction. High fat diet showed significant increase in MDA, decrease in SOD and GSH in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate generation of oxidative stress. Supplementation of ETO showed amelioratic effect against high fat diet induced renal dysfunction and oxidative stress. Histopathological findings were significantly corroborated with morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity. CONCLUSIONS Ethanolic extracts of T. arjuna supplementation found to be beneficial against high fat induced renal alterations in terms of functions and architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi S Kanthe
- Physiology, Shri BM Patil Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Kusal K Das
- Physiology, Shri BM Patil Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
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21
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Muller CR, Williams AT, Eaker AM, Dos Santos F, Palmer AF, Cabrales P. High fat high sucrose diet-induced dyslipidemia in guinea pigs. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1226-1234. [PMID: 33703947 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00013.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Easy access to high-calorie and fat-dense fast food has resulted in unhealthy dietary and lifestyle changes worldwide, which affects both developed and developing economies. This predisposes populations to a considerable number of metabolic and inflammatory conditions, such as diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Guinea pigs have been proposed as a model to study high-fat diet-induced metabolic disease due to their similar antioxidant metabolism and lipid profile to humans, and their susceptibility to atherosclerosis and endothelial disease. This study aims to evaluate cardiovascular and metabolic disorders induced by high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) in guinea pigs. Two to three-week-old male guinea pigs were fed a normal diet (ND) or HFHSD for 12 wk. Guinea pigs fed a HFHSD developed glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and liver, cardiac, and kidney damage. However, hypertension, dysautonomia, endothelial disease, and obesity were absent in these HFHSD guinea pigs. Taken together, these results show that guinea pigs fed a HFHSD are a nonobese model of metabolic disorders, resulting in important cardiac damage. Moreover, our findings suggest that NAFLD may be an important risk factor for diet-induced CVD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we show a new animal model for diet-induced disease metabolic disorders without obesity in guinea pigs. Moreover, results suggest a strong relation between liver disease and increased cardiovascular risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia R Muller
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, California
| | | | - Allyn M Eaker
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, California
| | - Fernando Dos Santos
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, University of California San Diego, California
| | - Andre F Palmer
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, California
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Sucedaram Y, Johns EJ, Husain R, Abdul Sattar M, H Abdulla M, Nelli G, Rahim NS, Khalilpourfarshbafi M, Abdullah NA. Exposure to High-Fat Style Diet Induced Renal and Liver Structural Changes, Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation in Intact and Ovariectomized Female Rats. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:689-710. [PMID: 33716510 PMCID: PMC7944944 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s299083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We hypothesized that low estrogen levels aggravate obesity-related complications. Diet-induced obesity can cause distinct pathologies, including impaired glucose tolerance, inflammation, and organ injury that leads to fatty liver and chronic kidney diseases. To test this hypothesis, ovariectomized (OVX) rats were fed a high-fat style diet (HFSD), and we examined structural changes and inflammatory response in the kidney and liver. Methods Sprague-Dawley female rats were ovariectomized or sham-operated and divided into four groups: sham-operated rats fed a normal diet (ND); ovariectomized rats fed a normal diet (OVX-ND); sham-operated rats fed a HFSD; ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat style diet (OVX-HFSD). Mean blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were measured on weeks 0 and 10. The rats were sacrificed 10 weeks after initiation of ND or HFSD, the kidney and liver were harvested for histological, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence studies. Results HFSD-fed rats presented a significantly greater adiposity index compared to their ND counterparts. Liver index, fasting blood glucose and mean blood pressure was increased in OVX-HFSD rats compared to HFSD rats at study terminal. Histological and morphometric studies showed focal interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration in the kidney of HFSD rats with mesangial expansion being greater in the OVX-HFSD rats. Both HFSD fed groups showed increased expressions of renal inflammatory markers, namely TNF-alpha, IL-6 and MCP-1, and infiltrating M1 macrophages with some influence of ovarian hormonal status. HFSD-feeding also caused hepatocellular steatosis which was aggravated in ovariectomized rats fed the same diet. Furthermore, hepatocellular ballooning was observed only in the OVX-HFSD rats. Similarly, HFSD-fed rats showed increased expressions of the inflammatory markers and M1 macrophage infiltration in the liver; however, only IL-6 expression was magnified in the OVX-HFSD. Conclusion Our data suggest that some of the structural changes and inflammatory response in the kidney and liver of rats fed a HFSD are exacerbated by ovariectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamuna Sucedaram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Edward James Johns
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Ruby Husain
- Department of Physiology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Munavvar Abdul Sattar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed H Abdulla
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Giribabu Nelli
- Department of Physiology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syahrina Rahim
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Science, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Azizan Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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Liu M, Li N, Qu C, Gao Y, Wu L, Hu LG. Amylin deposition activates HIF1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) signaling in failing hearts of non-human primates. Commun Biol 2021; 4:188. [PMID: 33580152 PMCID: PMC7881154 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01676-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperamylinemia induces amylin aggregation and toxicity in the pancreas and contributes to the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D). Cardiac amylin deposition in patients with obesity and T2D was found to accelerate heart dysfunction. Non-human primates (NHPs) have similar genetic, metabolic, and cardiovascular processes as humans. However, the underlying mechanisms of cardiac amylin in NHPs, particularly related to the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) signaling pathways, are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that in NHPs, amylin deposition in heart failure (HF) contributes to cardiac dysfunction via activation of HIF1α and PFKFB3 signaling. This was confirmed in two in vitro cardiomyocyte models. Furthermore, alterations of intracellular Ca2+, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial function, and lactate levels were observed in amylin-treated cells. Our study demonstrates a pathological role for amylin in the activation of HIF1α and PFKFB3 signaling in NHPs with HF, establishing amylin as a promising target for heart disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Qu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Gao
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Liangbiao George Hu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China.
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High-Fat Diet Induced Hedgehog Signaling Modifications during Chronic Kidney Damage. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8073926. [PMID: 33294454 PMCID: PMC7718043 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8073926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Excessive consumption of dietary fats leads to the deposition of unnecessary metabolites and multiple organ damage. Lipids, important key regulators of Hedgehog signaling, are involved in triggering fibrotic chronic kidney disease. The present study encompasses the assessment of renal morphofunctional modifications and alteration of lipid metabolism influencing the changes in gene expression of hedgehog signaling pathway genes. Fifteen male Rattus norvegicus of 200 ± 25 grams weight were equally divided into three groups: control (standard rat chow), D-1 (unsaturated high-fat diet) and D-2 (saturated high-fat diet). Animals were provided with respective diets and were followed for 16 weeks. Both HFD-fed groups did not show overall body weight gain as compared to the control. While significant downregulation of hedgehog pathway genes was found in fatty diet groups. In comparison with the control group, Shh, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3 were downregulated after the consumption of both unsaturated and saturated fatty diets. Ihh and Smo exhibit a similar downregulation in the D-1 group, but an upregulation was detected in the D-2 group. D-2 group also had an increased serum urea concentration as compared to the control (P = 0.0023). Furthermore, renal histopathology revealed tubular necrosis, glomerular edema, glomerular shrinkage, and hypocellularity. Collagen deposition in both HFD groups marks the extent of fibrosis summary figure. Extravagant intake of dietary fats impaired normal kidney functioning and morphofunctionally anomalous kidney triggers on Hh signaling in adult rats. These anomalies can be linked to an escalated risk of chronic kidney disease in adults strongly recommending the reduced uptake of fatty diets to prevent impaired metabolism and renal lipotoxicity.
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Effects of dapagliflozin and statins attenuate renal injury and liver steatosis in high-fat/high-fructose diet-induced insulin resistant rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 396:114997. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Pereira RO, Muller CR, de Nascimento NRF, Fonteles MC, Evangelista FS, Fiorino P, Farah V. Early consumption of high-fat diet worsens renal damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats in adulthood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 11:258-266. [PMID: 31993100 PMCID: PMC6971500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The association between hypertension and obesity has been shown to be an important cause of kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) administered in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after weaning in renal morphology and functional parameters. Male post-weaned SHR were divided into two groups: standard control diet (CD) (3% lipids; n = 8) or HFD (30% lipids; n = 8) during 8 weeks. The group HFD showed an increase in serum triglycerides (HFD: 96 ± 7 vs. CD: 33 ± 2 mg/dL) and glucose intolerance (HFD: 185 ± 7 vs. CD: 149 ± 4 mg/dL/min). Moreover, the HFD also showed an increase in almost 90% of the periepididymal and retroperitoneal adiposity. There was no difference in arterial blood pressure between groups. Renal morphofunctional parameters were decreased in HFD group for glomerular tuft area and diameter (4733 ± 65 µm2 and 82 ± 1 µm, respectively) when compared with CD group (5289 ± 171 µm2 and 88 ± 2 µm, respectively). HFD also showed a decrease of 50% of the renal function, which was associated with higher renal extracellular matrix and lipid deposition. Therefore, our data suggest that HFD since early period of life may contribute to renal damage in adults with hypertension, and this impairment can be associated with increased renal lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Oliveira Pereira
- Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao PauloSao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie Presbyterian UniversitySao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Manassés Claudino Fonteles
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie Presbyterian UniversitySao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ceara State UniversityFortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Fiorino
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie Presbyterian UniversitySao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera Farah
- Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao PauloSao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Renal, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Health and Biological Science Center, Mackenzie Presbyterian UniversitySao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Association of Kidney Function Tests with a Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Individuals with a Normal or Mildly Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55100657. [PMID: 31569560 PMCID: PMC6843344 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous studies reported controversial results about the independence of CKD as a risk factor for atherosclerosis. In this study, we tried to determine whether the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other renal function tests are independent factors associated with arterial stiffness in community-dwelling individuals with a normal (≥90) or slightly decreased eGFR (60-90). Materials and Methods: Data of 164 community individuals were analyzed, and demographic information, related disease history, atherosclerosis risk factors, certain laboratory tests, the estimated eGFR, and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) were recorded for each individual. Results: The age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), hypertension (HTN), and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) significantly differed between individuals with a normal and those with a slightly decreased eGFR. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c), and the eGFR significantly differed between the high- and low-CAVI groups and were also significantly correlated with the CAVI. The relationship between the eGFR and CAVI was shown to be independent of other atherosclerosis risk factors in a multiple linear regression model. Conclusions: We concluded that evaluations of the eGFR, HTN, body-mass index, and SBP can be used in a model for arterial stiffness risk assessments for community-dwelling individuals with a normal or slightly decreased eGFR.
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