1
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Das SK, Nerune SM, Das KK. Antioxidant therapy for hepatic diseases: a double-edged sword. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 35:7-14. [PMID: 38234261 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Liver diseases are complex conditions, significantly influenced by oxidative stress. This comprehensive review assesses the therapeutic role of antioxidants like l-ascorbic acid and α tocopherol, beta-carotene, various minerals, and plant-based ingredients in mitigating oxidative stress-induced liver diseases. The manuscript delves into the critical influence of genetic and epigenetic factors on disease susceptibility, progression, and response to antioxidant therapy. While animal studies suggest antioxidant efficacy in liver disease treatment, human trials remain inconclusive, and caution is advised due to its possible potential pro-oxidant effects. Moreover, the interactions of antioxidants with other drugs necessitate careful consideration in the management of polypharmacy in liver disease patients. The review underscores the need for further research to establish the clinical benefits of antioxidants with understanding of possible antioxidant toxicities to elucidate the intricate interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors in liver diseases. The aim is to foster a better understanding of the knowledge on hepatic disease management with judicial antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayandeep K Das
- Department of Pathology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Savitri M Nerune
- Department of Pathology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
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2
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Das KK. Graduate medical education: variation of program and training duration. Korean J Med Educ 2023; 35:421-423. [PMID: 38062688 PMCID: PMC10704047 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2023.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kusal K. Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India
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3
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Das KK, Majid DSA, Prabhakar NR. Editorial: Vascular pathophysiology in hypoxia. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1235383. [PMID: 37485063 PMCID: PMC10361607 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1235383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kusal K. Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Dewan S. A. Majid
- Department of Physiology, Hypertension & Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Nanduri R. Prabhakar
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, Institute for Integrative Physiology, Centre for Systems Biology of Oxygen Sensing, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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4
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Hegde R, Gai PB, Hegde S, Kulkarni SS, Das KK. Glutathione S Transferase Theta1 and Mu1 (GSTT1 and GSTM1 ) deletion among autistic population of India. CPRR 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230302142608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between an organism's reactive oxygen species [ROS] production and antioxidant defence capacity. Long-term oxidative stress contributes to cellular ageing and plays a role in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Several investigations indicated that oxidative stress has a role in the pathogenesis of ASD.
Objectives:
Present study was undertaken to record the association of GSTTT1 and GSTM1 null genotype among the autistic population of India.
Methods:
Genomic DNA was isolated from 108 autistic children along with healthy age-matched control. The quality and quantity of the isolated genomic DNA were analysed. GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotype was analysed using polymerase chain reaction with internal positive control. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0.
Results:
Present study included 85 males and 23 females with a mean age of 11.7±3.5 and 75 males and 33 females with a mean age of 11±2.0 in the control group. 32 (29.6%) autistic cases showed null genotypes for GSTT1 and 21(19.4%) autistic children showed null genotypes for GSTM1. 3 (2.85%) control children showed a null genotype for GSTT1 and 5 (4.6%) control children showed a null genotype for GSTM1. The GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes were observed to be significantly associated with the risk of autism (p value-0.0001, OR-14.73, 95% CI 4.35-49.90) and (p value-0.003, OR-4.731, 95% CI 1.71-13.08) respectively.
Conclusion:
The findings of our study suggested that GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotype is one of the potential risk factors for autism through oxidative stress mechanism in our population.
other:
None
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Hegde
- Department of Physiology, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, (Karnataka), India- 586101
- Department. of Anatomy, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, (Karnataka), India- 586101
| | - Pramod B Gai
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, (Karnataka), India-580003
| | - Smita Hegde
- Department. of Anatomy, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, (Karnataka), India- 586101
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, (Karnataka), India-580003
| | | | - Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, (Karnataka), India- 586101
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5
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Honutagi RM, Sunil R, Patil SM, Bhosale S, Das SN, Parvatikar PP, Das KK. Protein-protein interaction of LDH and CRP-1 with hematotoxin snake venom proteins of all species of snake: An in silico approach. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2023; 17:10-15. [PMID: 36891039 PMCID: PMC9986878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Snake bite-induced elevation of serum LDH and CRP-1 is considered as useful biomarkers of hemotoxic. The snake venom contains proteins and may result in various envenomation such as bleeding, inflammation, and pain, cytotoxic, cardiotoxic, or neurotoxic effects. This in silico study was aimed to screen the snake venom proteins and to find out the most interactive hemotoxic venom protein against LDH and CRP-1 proteins as biomarkers. Materials and Methods To validate the hypothesis of the prospective interaction of snake venom proteins, molecular docking analysis was used in the current work by deploying a cutting-edge docking program. Snake venom peptides were screened from literature and both peptide as well as target protein were obtained from PDB. HDOCK online server was used for the molecular docking analysis of target proteins with hemotoxic snake venom peptides. Further, the toxicity properties of each docked complex of target proteins were subjected for ADME/T analysis. Results The selected snake venom peptides were subjected to molecular docking study and the results generated from computational-based approach reveals that all the hematotoxin snake venom proteins are interactive with LDH and CRP-1 peptide. Further, this study indicates that snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMPS) peptide may be considered as the best interactive protein with both LDH and CRP-1 proteins; also, ADME/T screening revealed that all docked complex are safe and follow toxicity properties. Conclusion This in silico study clearly shows that the greatest interaction of SVMPS peptide with LDH and CRP-1 may be due to strong binding in the active site of the target proteins LDH and CRP-1 with SVMPS. Results, further, confirmed LDH and CRP-1 as potential biomarkers against hemotoxic snake venoms. This study should be validated by in vitro and in vivo analysis as well as specific species snake venom should be assessed. For further studies, SVMPS can be consider as therapeutic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh M. Honutagi
- Department of Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - R. Sunil
- Department of Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - S. M. Patil
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Supriya Bhosale
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Swastika N. Das
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA’s V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Prachi P. Parvatikar
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
- Allied Health Sciences, BLDE (DU), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K. Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
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6
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Hegde R, Hegde S, Kulkarni S, Kulkarni SS, Pandurangi A, Kariduraganavar MY, Das KK, Gai PB. Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of Plasma Elements in Autistic Children from India. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:644-654. [PMID: 35338449 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03199-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements are essential for the human body's various physiological processes but if they are present in higher concentration, these elements turn to be toxic and cause adverse effect on physiological processes. Similarly, deficiency of these essential elements also affects physiological processes and leads to abnormal metabolic activities. There is a lot of interest in recent years to know the mystery behind the involvement of trace elements in the metabolic activities of autistic children suspecting that it may be a risk factor in the aetiology of autism. The present study aims to analyse the plasma trace elements in autistic children using the total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) technique. Plasma samples from 70 autistic children (mean age: 11.5 ± 3.1) were analysed with 70 age- and sex-matched healthy children as controls (mean age: 12 ± 2.5). TXRF analysis revealed the higher concentration of copper (1227.8 ± 17.8), chromium (7.1 ± 2.5), bromine (2695.1 ± 24) and arsenic (126.3 ± 10) and lower concentration of potassium (440.1 ± 25), iron (1039.6 ± 28), zinc (635.7 ± 21), selenium (52.3 ± 8.5), rubidium (1528.9 ± 28) and molybdenum (162,800.8 ± 14) elements in the plasma of autistic children in comparison to healthy controls. Findings of the first study from India suggest these altered concentrations in elements in autistic children over normal healthy children affect the physiological processes and metabolism. Further studies are needed to clarify the association between the altered element concentration and physiology of autism in the North Karnataka population in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Hegde
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed To Be University), Vijayapura, 586101, India
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, 580003, India
| | - Smita Hegde
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, 580003, India
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed To Be University), Vijayapura, 586101, India
| | - Sujayendra Kulkarni
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed To Be University), Vijayapura, 586101, India
- Division of Human Genetics (Central Research Lab), S. Nijaliangappa Medical College, HSK Hospital and Research Center, Bagalkot, 587102, India
| | | | - Aditya Pandurangi
- Department of Psychiatry, Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Dharwad, 580008, India
| | | | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed To Be University), Vijayapura, 586101, India
| | - Pramod B Gai
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, 580003, India.
- Karnatak University Dharwad, Dharwad, 580003, India.
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7
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Parvatikar PP, Patil SM, Patil BS, Reddy RC, Bagoji I, Kotennavar MS, Patil S, Patil AV, Das KK, Das SN, Bagali S. Effect of Mucuna pruriens on brain NMDA receptor and tau protein gene expression in cerebral ischemic rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1092032. [PMID: 36875022 PMCID: PMC9978338 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1092032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Present study aimed to assess effect of pre-treatment with Mucuna pruriens seed extract and its bioactive molecule(s) on NMDAR and Tau protein gene expression in cerebral ischemic rodent model. Methanol extract of M. pruriens seeds was characterized by HPLC, and β-sitosterol was isolated by flash chromatography. In vivo studies to observe the effect of pre-treatment (28 days) with methanol extract of M. pruriens seed and β-sitosterol on the unilateral cerebral ischemic rat model. Cerebral ischemia induced by left common carotid artery occlusion (LCCAO) for 75 min (on day 29) followed by reperfusion for 12 h. Rats (n = 48) divided into four groups. GroupI (control,Untreated + LCCAO)-No pre-treatment + cerebral ischemia; GroupII(β-sitosterol + Sham)-pre-treatment with β-sitosterol, 10 mg/kg/day + sham-operated; GroupIII(β-sitosterol + LCCAO)-pre-treatment with β-sitosterol, 10 mg/kg/day + cerebral ischemia; GroupIV(methanol extract + LCCAO)-pre-treatment with methanol extract of M. pruriens seeds, 50 mg/kg/day + cerebral ischemia. Neurological deficit score was assessed just before sacrifice. Experimental animals were sacrificed after 12 h reperfusion. Brain histopathology was performed. Gene expression of NMDAR and Tau protein of left cerebral hemisphere (occluded side) was performed by RT-PCR. Results revealed that the neurological deficit score was lower in groups III and IV compared to group I. NMDAR and tau protein mRNA expression in left cerebral hemisphere were upregulated in Group I, downregulated in groups III and IV. Histopathology of left cerebral hemisphere (occluded side) in Group I showed features of ischemic brain damage. Groups III and IV, left cerebral hemisphere showed less ischemic damage compared GroupI. Right cerebral hemisphere showed no areas of ischemia-induced brain changes. Pre-treatment with β-sitosterol and methanol extract of M. pruriens seeds may reduce ischemic brain injury following unilateral common carotid artery occlusion in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi P Parvatikar
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - S M Patil
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Bheemshetty S Patil
- Department of Anatomy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - R Chandramouli Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Ishwar Bagoji
- Department of Anatomy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunath S Kotennavar
- Department of Surgery, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumangala Patil
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Aravind V Patil
- Department of Surgery, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Swastika N Das
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's V P Dr PG Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrilaxmi Bagali
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
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8
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Parvatikar P, Bagali S, Hippargi S, Singh PK, Singh SB, Biradar M, Das KK. Identification of Potent Bioactive Molecules against NMDA Receptor and Tau Protein by Molecular Docking Approach. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666220616142153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and tau protein play important role in neuronal death due to cerebral ischemia or ischemic stroke. Unfortunately, no drug is discovered except tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to fight against ischemic stroke. Virtual high throughput screening to find out possibilities of bioactive molecules to target NMDAR and tau protein to treat ischemic stroke may be an option for drug discovery.
Objective:
The current study aimed to assess the molecular interaction of some bioactive molecules with NMDAR and tau protein in silico to incriminate ischemic stroke.
Results:
In the present study of the 50 screened bioactive molecules top 10 molecules has identified of which best two bioactive molecules such as gossypin, viniferin have been predicted to be potential neuroprotective agent against cerebral ischemia induced alteration of NMDAR and tau protein functional integrities.
Conclusion:
Gossypin’ was the best bioactive compound interacting with NMDAR and tau protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Parvatikar
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrilaxmi Bagali
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Surekha Hippargi
- Department of Pathology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER),Hyderabad, Telangana 500037,India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER),Hyderabad, Telangana 500037,India
| | - M.S. Biradar
- Department of Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K. Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
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Patil VA, R SP, L K S, Holyachi R, Das KK, T K V. Efficacy of BAINS Circuit in Treating Critically Ill Hypoxemic COVID-19 Patients During the Second Wave of the Pandemic in India. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2022; 17:86-91. [PMID: 35260062 DOI: 10.2174/1574887117666220308093306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged doctors to look for novel ways of treating patients with respiratory failure due to the limited availability of ventilators and highflow nasal cannula. The study aims to assess the efficacy of using the Bains circuit as an alternative to HFNC and NIV as life-saving tools in patients with respiratory failure during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. METHODS This is a prospective interventional study carried out in the intensive care unit of Shri B.M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapur, India, from May 2021 to June 2021. All patients (n=90) with respiratory failure not responding to therapy with an oxygen mask were included. Patients were placed on Bain circuits, one end connected to a non-invasive ventilation mask fitted to the face of the patients, and the other end connected to a central oxygen port. Patients' vital parameters were assessed on an hourly basis. The blood gas analyses were done before and after using Bains. RESULTS The study showed diabetes (33.4%), hypertension (22.2%), and diabetes with hypertension (11.1%) as comorbid factors among the ICU admitted patients. The results from the arterial blood gas analyses showed a statistically significant increase in Sp02 (%) and a decrease in respiratory rate (cycles/min) in the patients after being kept on Bains (p<0.05). Further, it showed that 72% of ICU patients with 70-79% Sp02 had a recovery by using Bains. The overall outcome of ICU admitted COVID-19 patients on Bains showed that 38.9% of patients improved and were shifted to 02/NRBM masks. CONCLUSION The study highlights a novel concept of using the Bains circuit as an effective alternative to HFNC and NIV for oxygenation in critically ill COVID-19 patients during scarcity of NIV and HFNC at the peak of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya A Patil
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Unit, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Saikrishna Prasad R
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Unit, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivanand L K
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Unit, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Renuka Holyachi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Unit, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaykumar T K
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Unit, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
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10
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Hegde S, Hegde R, Kulkarni SS, Das KK, Gai PB, Bulagouda RS. Analysis of Genetic Variations in Connexin 26 (GJB2) Gene among Nonsyndromic Hearing Impairment: Familial Study. Glob Med Genet 2022; 9:152-158. [PMID: 35707775 PMCID: PMC9192169 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
The goal of this research was to investigate the gap junction beta 2 (
GJB2
) gene mutations associated with nonsyndromic hearing loss individuals in North Karnataka, India.
Materials and Methods
For this study, patients with sensorineural genetic hearing abnormalities and a family history of deafness were included. A total of 35 patients from 20 families have been included in the study. The patient's DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples. The
GJB2
gene coding region was analyzed through Sanger sequencing.
Results
There is no changes in the first exon of the
GJB2
gene. Nine different variants were recorded in second exon of the targeted gene. W24X and W77X are two nonsense mutations and three polymorphisms viz. R127H, V153I, and I33T were reported along with four 3′-UTR variants. A total (9/20) of 45% of families have been identified with mutations in the targeted gene.
Conclusion
GJB2
mutations were identified in 19 deaf-mute patients (19/35), and 13 patients were homozygous for the mutations identified in our study cohort. In our study, W24X mutation was found to be the pathogenic with a high percentage, prompting further evaluation of the other genes, along with the study of additional genetic or external causes in the families, which is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Hegde
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE University (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
- Division of Human Genetics, Karnataka Institute for DNA Research, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajat Hegde
- Division of Human Genetics, Karnataka Institute for DNA Research, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE University (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Suyamindra S. Kulkarni
- Division of Human Genetics, Karnataka Institute for DNA Research, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K. Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE University (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramod B. Gai
- Division of Human Genetics, Karnataka Institute for DNA Research, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Rudragouda S. Bulagouda
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE University (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
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11
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Balneger N, Cornelissen LAM, Wassink M, Moons SJ, Boltje TJ, Bar-Ephraim YE, Das KK, Søndergaard JN, Büll C, Adema GJ. Sialic acid blockade in dendritic cells enhances CD8 + T cell responses by facilitating high-avidity interactions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:98. [PMID: 35089436 PMCID: PMC8799591 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids are negatively charged carbohydrates that cap the glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Sialic acids are involved in various biological processes including cell-cell adhesion and immune recognition. In dendritic cells (DCs), the major antigen-presenting cells of the immune system, sialic acids emerge as important regulators of maturation and interaction with other lymphocytes including T cells. Many aspects of how sialic acids regulate DC functions are not well understood and tools and model systems to address these are limited. Here, we have established cultures of murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) that lack sialic acid expression using a sialic acid-blocking mimetic Ac53FaxNeu5Ac. Ac53FaxNeu5Ac treatment potentiated BMDC activation via toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation without affecting differentiation and viability. Sialic acid blockade further increased the capacity of BMDCs to induce antigen-specific CD8+ T cell proliferation. Transcriptome-wide gene expression analysis revealed that sialic acid mimetic treatment of BMDCs induces differential expression of genes involved in T cell activation, cell-adhesion, and cell-cell interactions. Subsequent cell clustering assays and single cell avidity measurements demonstrated that BMDCs with reduced sialylation form higher avidity interactions with CD8+ T cells. This increased avidity was detectable in the absence of antigens, but was especially pronounced in antigen-dependent interactions. Together, our data show that sialic acid blockade in BMDCs ameliorates maturation and enhances both cognate T cell receptor-MHC-dependent and independent T cell interactions that allow for more robust CD8+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Balneger
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 32, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L A M Cornelissen
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 32, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M Wassink
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 32, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S J Moons
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - T J Boltje
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Y E Bar-Ephraim
- LUMICKS, Pilotenstraat 41, 1059 CH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K K Das
- LUMICKS, Pilotenstraat 41, 1059 CH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J N Søndergaard
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - C Büll
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 32, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - G J Adema
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 32, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Hegde R, Hegde S, Kulkarni SS, Pandurangi A, Gai PB, Das KK. Genetic analysis of the postsynaptic transmembrane X-linked neuroligin 3 gene in autism. Genomics Inform 2022; 19:e44. [PMID: 35012288 PMCID: PMC8752989 DOI: 10.5808/gi.21029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, the prevalence of which has increased drastically in India in recent years. Neuroligin is a type I transmembrane protein that plays a crucial role in synaptogenesis. Alterations in synaptic genes are most commonly implicated in autism and other cognitive disorders. The present study investigated the neuroligin 3 gene in the Indian autistic population by sequencing and in silico pathogenicity prediction of molecular changes. In total, 108 clinically described individuals with autism were included from the North Karnataka region of India, along with 150 age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, and exonic regions were sequenced. The functional and structural effects of variants of the neuroligin 3 protein were predicted. One coding sequence variant (a missense variant) and four non-coding variants (two 5'-untranslated region [UTR] variants and two 3'-UTR variants) were recorded. The novel missense variant was found in 25% of the autistic population. The C/C genotype of c.551T>C was significantly more common in autistic children than in controls (p = 0.001), and a significantly increased risk of autism (24.7-fold) was associated with this genotype (p = 0.001). The missense variant showed pathogenic effects and high evolutionary conservation over the functions of the neuroligin 3 protein. In the present study, we reported a novel missense variant, V184A, which causes abnormal neuroligin 3 and was found with high frequency in the Indian autistic population. Therefore, neuroligin is a candidate gene for future molecular investigations and functional analysis in the Indian autistic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Hegde
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka 586101, India.,Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India
| | - Smita Hegde
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India.,Human Genetics Laboratory, Department. of Anatomy, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka 586101, India
| | | | - Aditya Pandurangi
- Department of Psychiatry, Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Dharwad, Karnataka 580008, India
| | - Pramod B Gai
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka 586101, India
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13
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Kulkarni S, Hegde R, Hegde S, Kulkarni SS, Hanagvadi S, Das KK, Kolagi S, Gai PB, Bulagouda R. Mutation analysis and characterisation of F9 gene in haemophilia- B population of India. Blood Res 2021; 56:252-258. [PMID: 34880139 PMCID: PMC8721457 DOI: 10.5045/br.2021.2021016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hemophilia B (HB) is an X-linked bleeding disorder resulting from coagulation factor IX defects. Over 3,000 pathogenic, HB-associated mutations in the F9 gene have been identified. We aimed to investigate the role of F9 variants in 150 HB patients using sequencing technology. Methods F9 gene sequences were amplified from peripheral blood-derived DNA and sequenced on an Applied Biosystems (ABI) 3500 Sanger sequencing platform. Functional and structural predictions of mutant FIX were analyzed. Results Among 150 HB patients, 102 (68%), 30 (20%), and 18 (12%) suffered from severe, moderate, and mild HB, respectively. Genetic analysis identified 16 mutations, including 3 novel mutations. Nine mutations (7 missense and 2 stop-gain) were found to be pathogenic. Only 3 mutations (c.127C>T, c.470G>A, and c.1070G>A) were associated with different severities. While 2 mutations were associated with mild HB cases (c.304C>T and c.580A>G), 2 (c.195G>A and c.1385A>G) and 3 mutations (c.223C>T, c.1187G>A, and c.1232G>A) resulted in moderate and severe disease, respectively. Additionally, 1 mutation each was associated with mild-moderate (c.*1110A>G) and mild-severe HB disease (c.197A>T), 4 mutations were associated with moderate-severe HB cases (c.314A>G, c.198A>T, c.676C>T, and c.1094C>A). FIX concentrations were lower in the mutated group (5.5±2.5% vs. 8.0±2.5%). Novel p.E66D and p.S365 mutations were predicted to be pathogenic based on changes in FIX structure and function. Conclusion Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) largely contributed to the pathogenesis of HB. Our study strongly suggests that population-based genetic screening will be particularly helpful to identify risk prediction and carrier detection tools for Indian HB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujayendra Kulkarni
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India.,Division of Human Genetics (Central Research Lab), Bagalkot, India
| | - Rajat Hegde
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, India
| | - Smita Hegde
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, India
| | | | - Suresh Hanagvadi
- Department of Pathology, J. J. M. Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India
| | - Sanjeev Kolagi
- Department of Anatomy, S. Nijaliangappa Medical College, HSK Hospital and Research Center, Bagalkot, India
| | - Pramod B Gai
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, India
| | - Rudragouda Bulagouda
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India
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14
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Hegde R, Hegde S, Kulkarni SS, Pandurangi A, Gai PB, Das KK. Genetic Analysis of Neuroligin 4Y Gene in Autism Population of India. Glob Med Genet 2021; 9:18-22. [PMID: 35169779 PMCID: PMC8837409 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Autism is one of the most complex, heterogeneous neurological disorders. It is characterized mainly by abnormal communication, impaired social interaction, and restricted behaviors. Prevalence of autism is not clear in Indian population.
Aim
The present study hypothesized that Y chromosome plays role in sex bias of autism in Indian autistic population. To investigate our hypothesis, we underwent genetic analysis of neuroligin 4Y [
NLGN4Y
] gene by sequencing 85 male autistic children after screening large population of 1,870 mentally ill children from North Karnataka region of India.
Result
Detailed sequencing of the single targeted gene revealed nine variants including, one novel missense mutation and eight synonymous variants; this accounts for 88.9% of synonymous variants. A single novel missense mutation is predicted to be nonpathogenic on the functions of neuroligin4Y protein but it slightly affects the local configuration by altering the original structure of a protein by changing charge and size of amino acid.
Conclusion
Probably
NLGN4Y
gene may not be the risk factor for autism in male children in Indian autistic population. Functional analysis was an important limitation of our study. Therefore, detailed functional analysis is necessary to determine the exact role of novel missense mutation of neuroligin 4Y [
NLGN4Y
] gene especially in the male predominance of autism in Indian autistic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Hegde
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Smita Hegde
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Aditya Pandurangi
- Department of Psychiatry, Dharwad Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramod B. Gai
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K. Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
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15
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Hegde R, Hegde S, Kulkarni SS, Pandurangi A, Gai PB, Das KK. Novel frameshift mutation in Indian autistic population causes neuroligin and neurexin binding defect. Gene Reports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Das S, Reddy RC, Chadchan KS, Patil AJ, Biradar MS, Das KK. Nickel and Oxidative Stress: Cell Signaling Mechanisms and Protective Role of Vitamin C. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:1024-1031. [PMID: 31804169 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191205122249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nickel activates the signaling pathways through the oxygen sensing mechanism and the signaling cascades that control hypoxia-inducible transcriptional gene expressions through oxidative stress. This review emphasizes on the recent updates of nickel toxicities on oxidant and antioxidant balance, molecular interaction of nickel and its signal transduction through low oxygen microenvironment in the in-vivo physiological system. DISCUSSION Nickel alters intracellular chemical microenvironment by increasing ionized calcium concentration, lipid peroxidation, cyclooxygenase, constitutive nitric oxide synthase, leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-α, caspases, complement activation, heat shock protein 70 kDa and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. The oxidative stress induced by nickel is responsible for the progression of metastasis. It has been observed that nickel exposure induces the generation of reactive oxygen species which leads to the increased expression of p53, NF-kβ, AP-1, and MAPK. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) prevents lipid peroxidation, oxidation of low-density lipoproteins and advanced oxidation protein products. The mechanism involves that vitamin C is capable of reducing ferric iron to ferrous iron in the duodenum, thus the availability of divalent ferrous ion increases which competes with nickel (a divalent cation itself) and reduces its intestinal absorption and nickel toxicities. CONCLUSION Reports suggested the capability of ascorbic acid as a regulatory factor to influence gene expression, apoptosis and other cellular functions of the living system exposed to heavy metals, including nickel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swastika Das
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's V. P. Dr. P. G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachamalla C Reddy
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kailash S Chadchan
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's V. P. Dr. P. G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun J Patil
- Department of Biochemistry, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences "Deemed to be University", Karad- 415539, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mallanagouda S Biradar
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
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17
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Parvatikar PP, Patil S, Hoskeri J, Swargam S, Kulkarni R, Das KK. Screening ,development of Transglutaminase-2 Inhibitors and its derivative as anti-lung cancer agent by insilico and invitro approach. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2021; 18:41-51. [PMID: 34225635 DOI: 10.2174/1573409917666210322120350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Screening and development of TG2 inhibitors as anti lung cancer agent. BACKGROUND Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is multifunctional and ubiquitously expressed protein from transglutaminase family. It takes part in various cellular processes and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune, neurodegerative and also cancer. OBJECTIVE The of proposed study is to focused on screening of potent inhibitors of TG2 by in-silico method and synthesis its derivative as well as analysis of its activity by invitro approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS Molecular docking studies have been carried on the different classes of TG2 inhibitors against the target protein. Nearly thirty TG2 inhibitors were selected from literature and docking was performed against transglutaminase 2. The computational ADME property screening was also carried out to check their pharmacokinetic properties. The compounds which exhibited positive ADME properties with good interaction with possessing least binding energy were further validated for their anti-lung cancer inhibition property against A549 cell lines by cytotoxicity studies. RESULTS The results of present study indicate that the docked complex formed by cystamine showed better binding affinity towards target protein so, this derivative of cystamine is formed using 2,5 dihydrobenzoic acid. Invitro results revealed that both molecule proved good cytotoxic agent against A549 lung cancer (875.10, 553.22 µg/ml) respectively. Further its activity should be validated on TG2 expressing lung cancer. CONCLUSION Cystamine and its derivative can be act as potential therapeutic target for lung cancer but further its activity should be validated on TG2 expressing lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi P Parvatikar
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumangala Patil
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Joy Hoskeri
- Dept of Bioinformatics, Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women's University, Vijayapur-586109, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep Swargam
- Jamia Hamdard Institute of Molecular Medicine (JH-IMM) Lab, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
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18
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Kanthe PS, Patil BS, Das KK. Terminalia arjuna supplementation ameliorates high fat diet-induced oxidative stress in nephrotoxic rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:409-417. [PMID: 33743558 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress; also it makes deleterious effect on kidney functions and land up in lipotoxicity in renal tissue. Lipotoxicity is the pathological situation where lipid Peroxidation occurs and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS than antioxidant present in tissues cause oxidative stress. Terminalia arjuna is found to be potential antioxidant that counteract oxidative stress and possibly maintain glomerular integrity. METHODS Ethanolic extract of T. arjuna (ETO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as following; group 1-Control (20% fat); group 2 (ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt). Dietary and ETO supplementation were continued for 21 days. Gravimetric, kidney functions (blood urea and serum creatinine) and oxidative stress markers like MDA, SOD and GSH were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on kidney along with measurement of glomerular integrity. Morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity was evaluated by measuring glomerular length, width, glomerular area and Bowman's capsule radius. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data. RESULTS Blood urea and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in high fat fed rats indicating renal dysfunction. High fat diet showed significant increase in MDA, decrease in SOD and GSH in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate generation of oxidative stress. Supplementation of ETO showed amelioratic effect against high fat diet induced renal dysfunction and oxidative stress. Histopathological findings were significantly corroborated with morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity. CONCLUSIONS Ethanolic extracts of T. arjuna supplementation found to be beneficial against high fat induced renal alterations in terms of functions and architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi S Kanthe
- Physiology, Shri BM Patil Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Kusal K Das
- Physiology, Shri BM Patil Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
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19
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Hegde S, Hegde R, Kulkarni SS, Das KK, Gai PB, Bulgouda R. Molecular alteration in the Gap Junction Beta 2 ( GJB2) gene associated with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing impairment. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2021; 10:31-36. [PMID: 33614373 PMCID: PMC7882085 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2020.03157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic sensory neural hearing defect is one of the genetic diseases inherited from parents to offerings. The autosomal recessive form affects a large population worldwide and has become a major concern in the social and professional lives of many people. There are many factors and genes which are involved in hearing loss but the Gap Junction Beta 2 (GJB2) gene which encodes the connexin 26 protein, is a major cause of non-syndromic recessive deafness (NSRD). This study aims to record and analyze GJB2 gene mutations in the hearing-impaired population of North Karnataka, India. In this study, we included 368 congenitally hearing-impaired children from North Karnataka, India, under 18 years of age. After thorough clinical examinations, patient's history and proper audiological results, peripheral blood samples were collected and subjected to genetic analysis. We recorded that 54.8% of the NSRD cases have an autosomal recessive mutation in the coding region of the GJB2 gene. The frequency of W24X (25%) mutation was found to be high in the present study population. From this study we can suggest that, identifying this mutation in new-borns definitely helps in the early diagnosis of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Hegde
- Human genetics laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, India
| | - Rajat Hegde
- Laboratory vascular physiology and medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, India
| | | | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory vascular physiology and medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India
| | - Pramod B Gai
- Karnataka Institute for DNA Research (KIDNAR), Dharwad, India
- Address correspondence to:Pramod B Gai, Karnataka Institute for DNA Research Dharwad 580003, India. E-mail:
| | - Rudregouda Bulgouda
- Human genetics laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, India
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20
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Patil SB, Inamdar SZ, Reddy KR, Raghu AV, Akamanchi KG, Inamadar AC, Das KK, Kulkarni RV. Functionally Tailored Electro-Sensitive Poly(Acrylamide)-g-Pectin Copolymer Hydrogel for Transdermal Drug Delivery Application: Synthesis, Characterization, In-vitro and Ex-vivo Evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2210303110666200206114632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives:
To develop electro-sensitive transdermal drug delivery systems (ETDDS) using
polyacrylamide-grafted-pectin (PAAm-g-PCT) copolymer hydrogel for rivastigmine delivery.
Methods:
Free radical polymerization and alkaline hydrolysis technique was employed to synthesize
PAAm-g-PCT copolymer hydrogel. The PAAm-g-PCT copolymeric hydrogel was used as a reservoir
and cross-linked blend films of PCT and poly(vinyl alcohol) as rate-controlling membranes (RCMs) to
prepare ETDDS.
Results:
The pH of the hydrogel reservoir was found to be in the range of 6.81 to 6.93 and drug content
was 89.05 to 96.29%. The thickness of RCMs was in the range of 51 to 99 μ and RCMs showed permeability
behavior against water vapors. There was a reduction in the water vapor transmission rate as
the glutaraldehyde (GA) concentration was increased. The drug permeation rate from the ETDDS was
enhanced under the influence of electric stimulus against the absence of an electric stimulus. The increase
in flux by 1.5 fold was recorded with applied electric stimulus. The reduction in drug permeability
observed when the concentration of GA was increased. Whereas, the permeability of the drug was
augmented as an electric current was changed from 2 to 8 mA. The pulsatile drug release under “on–
off” cycle of electric stimulus witnessed a faster drug release under ‘on’ condition and it was slow under
‘off’ condition. The alteration in skin composition after electrical stimulation was confirmed
through histopathology studies.
Conclusion:
The PAAm-g-PCT copolymer hydrogel is a useful carrier for transdermal drug delivery
activated by an electric signal to provide on-demand release of rivastigmine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha B. Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BLDEA’s SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Vijayapur 586 103, Karnataka, India
| | - Syed Z. Inamdar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BLDEA’s SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Vijayapur 586 103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kakarla R. Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anjanapura V. Raghu
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Engineering & Technology, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnamachari G. Akamanchi
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Shri. B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur 586 103, India
| | - Arun C. Inamadar
- Department of Dermatology, Shri. B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur 586 103, India
| | - Kusal K. Das
- Department of Physiology, Shri. B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur 586 103, India
| | - Raghavendra V. Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BLDEA’s SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Vijayapur 586 103, Karnataka, India
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Reddy RC, Devaranavadagi B, Yendigeri SM, Bagali S, Kulkarni RV, Das KK. Effect of L-Ascorbic Acid on Nickel-Induced Alteration of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology in Wistar Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:178-186. [PMID: 31338802 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01829-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nickel, a widely used heavy metal is suspected as a cardiotoxic element. The aim of the present study was to assess the possible protective role of l-ascorbic acid on nickel-induced alterations of cardiovascular pathophysiology in male albino rats. Twenty-four albino rats (b.wt. 170-250 g) were randomized into four groups: control; l-ascorbic acid (50 mg/100 g b.wt., orally); NiSO4 (2.0 mg/100 g b.wt., i.p.); NiSO4 with l-ascorbic acid. Cardiovascular electrophysiology, serum and cardiac tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), ascorbic acid, serum α-tocopherol and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were evaluated. Histopathology of cardiac and aortic tissues was also assessed. NiSO4-treated rats showed a significant increase in heart rate, LF/HF ratio and blood pressure (SBP, DBP and MAP). A significant increase of serum MDA, NO and VEGF in NiSO4 treatment with a concomitant decrease of serum ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol as compared to their respective controls were also observed. Simultaneous supplementation of l-ascorbic acid with NiSO4 significantly decreased LF/HF ratio, BP and oxidative stress parameters, whereas ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol concentration was found to be increased. Histopathology of cardiac and aortic tissues showed nickel-induced focal myocardial hypertrophy and degeneration in cardiac tissue with focal aneurism in aortic tissues. Supplementation with l-ascorbic showed a protective action in both cardiac and aortic tissues. Results indicated the possible beneficial effect of l-ascorbic acid on nickel-induced alteration of the cardiovascular pathophysiology in experimental rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chandramouli Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Basavaraj Devaranavadagi
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Saeed M Yendigeri
- Department of Pathology, Al-Ameen Medical College, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586108, India
| | - Shrilaxmi Bagali
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Raghavendra V Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, BLDEA's SSM College of Pharmacy & Research Centre, BLDE University Campus, Vijayapura, 586103, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
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Zubieta-Calleja G, Zubieta-DeUrioste N, Venkatesh T, Das KK, Soliz J. COVID-19 and Pneumolysis Simulating Extreme High-altitude Exposure with Altered Oxygen Transport Physiology; Multiple Diseases, and Scarce Need of Ventilators: Andean Condor's-eye-view. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2020; 15:347-359. [PMID: 32981508 DOI: 10.2174/1574887115666200925141108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical hypoxia in this COVID-19 pandemic results in high mortality and economic loss worldwide. Initially, this disease' pathophysiology was poorly understood and interpreted as a SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) pneumonia. The severe atypical lung CAT scan images alerted all countries, including the poorest, to purchase lacking sophisticated ventilators. However, up to 88% of the patients on ventilators lost their lives. It was suggested that COVID-19 could be similar to a High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE). New observations and pathological findings are gradually clarifying the disease. METHODS As high-altitude medicine and hypoxia physiology specialists working and living in the highlands for over 50 years, we perform a perspective analysis of hypoxic diseases treated at high altitudes and compare them to Covid-19. Oxygen transport physiology, SARS-Cov-2 characteristics, and its transmission, lung imaging in COVID-19, and HAPE, as well as the causes of clinical signs and symptoms, are discussed. RESULTS High-altitude oxygen transport physiology has been systematically ignored. COVID-19 signs and symptoms indicate a progressive and irreversible failure in the oxygen transport system, secondary to pneumolysis produced by SARS-Cov-2's alveolar-capillary membrane "attack". HAPE's pulmonary compromise is treatable and reversible. COVID-19 is associated with several diseases, with different individual outcomes, in different countries, and at different altitudes. CONCLUSIONS The pathophysiology of High-altitude illnesses can help explain COVID-19 pathophysiology, severity, and management. Early diagnosis and use of EPO, acetylsalicylic-acid, and other anti-inflammatories, oxygen therapy, antitussives, antibiotics, and the use of Earth open-circuit- astronaut-resembling suits to return to daily activities, should all be considered. Ventilator use can be counterproductive. Immunity development is the only feasible long-term survival tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Zubieta-Calleja
- High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI-IPPA), Av. Copacabana - Prolongacion # 55, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Natalia Zubieta-DeUrioste
- High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI-IPPA), Av. Copacabana - Prolongacion # 55, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Thuppil Venkatesh
- High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI-IPPA), Av. Copacabana - Prolongacion # 55, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Kusal K Das
- High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI-IPPA), Av. Copacabana - Prolongacion # 55, La Paz, India
| | - Jorge Soliz
- High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI-IPPA), Av. Copacabana - Prolongacion # 55, La Paz, Canada
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Bagali S, Nerune SM, Reddy RC, Yendigeri SM, Patil BS, Naikwadi AA, Kulkarni RV, Das KK. Low oxygen microenvironment and cardiovascular remodeling: Role of dual L/N.type Ca 2+ channel blocker. Indian J Pharmacol 2020; 52:383-391. [PMID: 33283770 PMCID: PMC8025765 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_136_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients exposed to chronic sustained hypoxia frequently develop cardiovascular disease risk factors to ultimately succumb to adverse cardiovascular events. In this context, the present study intends to assess the role of cilnidipine (Cil), a unique calcium channel blocker that blocks both L-type and N-type calcium channels, on cardiovascular pathophysiology in face of chronic sustained hypoxia exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved Wistar strain albino rats. The group-wise allocation of the experimental animals is as follows - Group 1, control (21% O2); Group 2, chronic hypoxia (CH) (10% O2, 90% N); Group 3, Cil + 21% O2; and Group 4, CH (10% O2, 90% N) + Cil (CH + Cil). Cardiovascular hemodynamics, heart rate variability, and endothelial functions (serum nitric oxide [NO], serum endothelial nitric oxide synthase [NOS3], and serum vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) were assessed. Cardiovascular remodeling was studied by histopathological examination of the ventricular tissues, coronary artery (intramyocardial), and elastic and muscular arteries. Normalized wall index of the coronary artery was also calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results demonstrated altered cardiovascular hemodynamics, disturbed cardiovascular autonomic balance, increased levels of VEGF and NOS3, and decreased bioavailability of NO on exposure to chronic sustained hypoxia. The histopathological examination further pointed toward cardiovascular remodeling. Treatment with Cil ameliorated the cardiovascular remodeling and endothelial dysfunction induced by CH exposure, which may be due to its blocking actions on L/N-type of calcium channels, indicating the possible therapeutic role of Cil against CH-induced cardiovascular pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrilaxmi Bagali
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Savitri M Nerune
- Department of Pathology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - R Chandramouli Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Saeed M Yendigeri
- Department of Pathology, Al-Ameen Medical College, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Bheemshetty S Patil
- Department of Anatomy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Akram A Naikwadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra V Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, BLDEA's SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
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Patil BS, Kanthe PS, Reddy CR, Das KK. Emblica officinalis (Amla) Ameliorates High-Fat Diet Induced Alteration of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2019; 17:52-63. [PMID: 30963985 PMCID: PMC6864597 DOI: 10.2174/1871525717666190409120018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress. Also, it alters the pathophysiology of metabolically active myocardial tissues and vascular architecture. Emblica officinalis contains a potential antioxidant that counteracts oxidative stress and possibly maintains vascular integrity. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) on High Fat Diet (HFD) induced changes in vascular chemistry and histopathology of the cardiovascular system in male albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as follows: group 1- Control (20% fat); group 2 (20% fat+ EEO 100 mg/kg/b w); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + EEO 100 mg/kg/b w). Dietary and EEO supplementation was continued for 21 days. Gravimetric and oxidative stress markers like MDA, NO, antioxidants like Vitamin C and E, and molecular marker (NOS3) were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on the myocardium and elastic artery along with measurement of coronary arterial wall thickness and lumen diameter. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data. RESULTS High fat diet showed a significant increase in MDA, decrease of NO with unaltered NOS3 protein in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate possible alteration of vascular pathophysiology. Supplementation of EEO showed an ameliorating effect on high fat diet induced oxidative stress. These results were further corroborated with findings of a histopathological study on the myocardium, elastic artery and coronary arterial architecture. CONCLUSION Ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) indicates its cardioprotective efficacy against rats fed with high fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bheemshetty S Patil
- Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Pallavi S Kanthe
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandramouli R Reddy
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur- 586103, Karnataka, India
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Das KK, Yendigeri SM, Patil BS, Bagoji IB, Reddy RC, Bagali S, Biradar MS, Saha S. Subchronic hypoxia pretreatment on brain pathophysiology in unilateral common carotid artery occluded albino rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2018; 50:185-191. [PMID: 30505054 PMCID: PMC6234715 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_312_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to assess the effect of unilateral common carotid artery occlusion on brain pathophysiology in rats pretreated with subchronic hypoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats (200 ± 20 g) were randomized into three groups: Group 1 served as sham, Group 2 were normoxic (21% O2 and 79% N2), and Group 3 were hypoxia preconditioned (10% O2 and 90% N2) for 21 days before left common carotid artery occlusion (LCCAO). The LCCAO was done for 75 min followed by reperfusion for 12 h. Neurological scores were recorded. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels at pre- and 12 h post-LCCAO were measured. Brain histopathological assessments were also done. RESULTS: Higher neurological deficits scores in Group 2 as compared to Group 3 rats were noticed. Serum MDA and NO levels at 12 h post-LCCAO in Group 2 rats showed significant elevation as compared to preocclusion levels. Group 3 rats did not show such elevations. On histopathology of left and right cerebral hemispheres of Group 1 (sham) did not show any specific changes. In Group 2 rats, the right cerebral hemisphere (nonoccluded) showed no areas of ischemia-induced brain changes, but in the left side (occlusive), there were features of ischemic brain damage including cerebral edema. In the case of Group 3 rats, there were less ischemic damages in the left occluded side as compared to the left side of the Group 2 rats. CONCLUSION: This study clearly demonstrates that subchronic hypoxia pretreatment can reduce ischemic brain injury by unilateral common carotid artery occlusion in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Saeed M Yendigeri
- Department of Pathology, Al Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Bheemshetty S Patil
- Department of Anatomy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Ishwar B Bagoji
- Department of Anatomy, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - R Chandramouli Reddy
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrilaxmi Bagali
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - M S Biradar
- Department of Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Sikha Saha
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Das KK, Reddy RC, Bagoji IB, Das S, Bagali S, Mullur L, Khodnapur JP, Biradar MS. Primary concept of nickel toxicity - an overview. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 30:141-152. [PMID: 30179849 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Toxic metals, including excessive levels of essential metals tend to change biological structures and systems into either reversible or irreversible conformations, leading to the derangement of organ functions or ultimate death. Nickel, a known heavy metal is found at very low levels in the environment. Nickel is available in all soil types and meteorites and also erupts from volcanic emissions. In the environment, nickel is principally bound with oxygen or sulfur and forms oxides or sulfides in earth crust. The vast industrial use of nickel during its production, recycling and disposal has led to widespread environmental pollution. Nickel is discharged into the atmosphere either by nickel mining or by various industrial processes, such as power plants or incinerators, rubber and plastic industries, nickel-cadmium battery industries and electroplating industries. The extensive use of nickel in various industries or its occupational exposure is definitely a matter of serious impact on human health. Heavy metals like nickel can produce free radicals from diatomic molecule through the double step process and generate superoxide anion. Further, these superoxide anions come together with protons and facilitate dismutation to form hydrogen peroxide, which is the most important reason behind the nickel-induced pathophysiological changes in living systems. In this review, we address the acute, subchronic and chronic nickel toxicities in both human and experimental animals. We have also discussed nickel-induced genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity and toxicity in various other metabolically active tissues. This review specifically highlighted nickel-induced oxidative stress and possible cell signaling mechanisms as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - R Chandramouli Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Ishwar B Bagoji
- Department of Anatomy, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Swastika Das
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrilaxmi Bagali
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Lata Mullur
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Jyoti P Khodnapur
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
| | - M S Biradar
- Department of Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur, Karnataka, India
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Bagoji IB, Hadimani GA, Yendigeri SM, Das KK. Sub-chronic indomethacin treatment and its effect on the male reproductive system of albino rats: possible protective role of black tea extract. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 28:201-207. [PMID: 28222030 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indomethacin is commonly used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to treat inflammation, arthritis and joint pains. Unfortunately, it has a wide range of adverse effects on the physiological system, including gonads. This study aimed to assess possible beneficial effects of black tea extract (BTE) against indomethacin-induced alteration of gonadal hormone levels in male rats. METHODS Adult male rats were divided into Group I (control), Group II (indomethacin, 5 mg/kg body weight [bwt.]; i.p., 21 days), Group III (BTE, 2.5 g tea leaf/dL of water, i.e. 2.5% of aqueous BTE, orally, 21 days) and Group IV (indomethacin+BTE, 21 days). Sperm count and motility, serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone, along with histopathology of testes were studied. One-way ANOVA, followed by post-hoc t-test were conducted. RESULTS Indomethacin-treated rats showed significant decrease in testicular weight, sperm count, sperm motility, serum gonadotropins and testosterone concentrations. Histopathology of the testes showed tortuous and distorted seminiferous tubules, marked thickening of the tubular basement membrane, reduced spermatogenesis process (>30%) and marked decrease in the number of interstitial cells of Leydig in indomethacin-treated rats. Interestingly, rats supplemented with BTE showed remarkable improvements in testicular weight gain, sperm count and motility, serum gonadotropins and testosterone concentrations, along with testicular histopathology. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that BTE might have potential ameliorative effects against sub-chronic indomethacin-induced alteration of gonadal hormone levels in male albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwar B Bagoji
- Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, BLDE University, Vijayapura, Karnataka
| | | | | | - Kusal K Das
- Sri B. M. Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Department of Physiology, BLDE University, Smt. Bagaramma Sajjan Campus, Vijayapura, Karnataka State, Karnataka 586103
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Bhat H, Ambekar JG, Harwalkar AK, Dongre N, Das KK. Role of TNF-α on the Function of Erythropoietin and Haematological Profile in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/36754.11850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khodnapur JP, Aithala MR, Das KK. Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Aging: Study among Urban Population of Vijayapur, Karnataka, India. J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/35354.11320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Das KK, Chadchan KS, Reddy RC, Biradar MS, Kanthe PS, Patil BS, Ambekar JG, Bagoji IB, Das S. Effects of Some Indigenous Plants of North Karnataka (India) on Cardiovascular and Glucose Regulatory Systems in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2017; 15:49-61. [PMID: 28707593 DOI: 10.2174/1871525715666170712121347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus Linn, Pundi), Chick pea (Cicer arietinum Linn, Chana) and Prickly lettuce (Lactuca scariola Linn, Hattaraki) leaves are a few of indigenous plants which are routinely consumed by the people of north Karnataka in the diet. Studies on these plants showed some potential anti-diabetic efficacies. OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of leaves extracts of Hibiscus cannabinus Linn, Cicer arietinum Linn and Lactuca scariola Linn on cardiovascular integrity, glucose homeostasis and oxygen sensing cell signaling mechanisms in alloxan induced diabetic rats. METHOD In vitro and in vivo tests on glucose regulatory systems and molecular markers such as - NOS3, HIF- 1α and VEGF were conducted in alloxan induced diabetic rats supplemented with all the three plant extracts. Electrophysiological analysis (HRV, LF: HF ratio, baroreflex sensitivity, BRS) and histopathogy of myocardial tissues and elastic artery were evaluated in diabetic rats treated with L. scariola linn. RESULTS Out of these three plant extracts, Lactuca scariola Linn supplementation showed significant beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and oxygen sensing cell signaling pathways in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. Furthermore, effects of sub chronic supplementation of Lactuca scariola Linn aqueous extracts showed significant improvement in sympatho-vagal balance in diabetic rats by increase of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and regaining of Baroreflex Sensitivity (BRS). These results were also corroborated with myocardial and elastic artery histopathology of Lactuca scariola Linn supplemented diabetic rats. CONCLUSION These findings indicate an adaptive pathway for glucose homeostasis, oxygen sensing cell signaling mechanisms and cardio protective actions in alloxan - induced diabetic rats supplemented with Lactuca scariola Linn extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kailash S Chadchan
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapura-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - R Chandramouli Reddy
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - M S Biradar
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Pallavi S Kanthe
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Bheemshetty S Patil
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Jeevan G Ambekar
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Ishwar B Bagoji
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Swastika Das
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapura-586103, Karnataka, India
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Ugran V, Desai NN, Chakraborti D, Masali KA, Mantur P, Kulkarni S, Deshmukh N, Chadchan KS, Das SN, Tanksali AS, Arwikar AS, Guggarigoudar SP, Vallabha T, Patil SS, Das KK. Groundwater fluoride contamination and its possible health implications in Indi taluk of Vijayapura District (Karnataka State), India. Environ Geochem Health 2017; 39:1017-1029. [PMID: 27591763 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater fluoride concentration and fluoride-related health problems were studied in twenty-two villages of Indi taluk of Vijayapura district, Karnataka, India. Present study (2015) was also used to compare groundwater fluoride concentration in same 22 villages with previous government report (2000). Groundwater fluoride concentrations of 62 bore wells of 22 villages were analyzed by using an ion-sensitive electrode. A total of 660 adults and 600 children were screened for fluorosis symptoms and signs. Sixty clinically suspected fluorosis patients' urine samples were further analyzed for fluoride. The mean value (1.22 ± 0.75 mg/L) of fluoride concentration of 62 bore wells and 54.83 % bore wells with ≥1.0 mg/L of fluoride concentrations in Indi taluk indicates higher than the permissible limit of drinking water fluoride concentration recommended for India. Clinical symptoms like arthritis, joint pains, gastrointestinal discomfort and lower limb deformities with high urinary fluoride concentrations in some subjects suggest fluorosis. Results also showed an increase in groundwater fluoride concentration of the same 22 villages between previous and present study. Preliminary arthritis symptom of the villagers could be due to drinking fluoride-contaminated water. Increase in fluoride concentration with time to the bore wells definitely indicates future danger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyavati Ugran
- Department of Community Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Naveen N Desai
- Department of Civil Engineering, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | | | - Kallappa A Masali
- Department of Community Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Prakash Mantur
- Department of General Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Shreepad Kulkarni
- Department of Orthopedics, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Niranjan Deshmukh
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Kailash S Chadchan
- Department of Chemistry, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Swastika N Das
- Department of Chemistry, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Anuradha S Tanksali
- Department of Civil Engineering, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Asha S Arwikar
- Department of Civil Engineering, BLDE Association's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Suresh P Guggarigoudar
- Department of E.N.T., BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Tejaswini Vallabha
- Department of Surgery, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Shailaja S Patil
- Department of Community Medicine, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology & Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, 586103, India.
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Kanthe PS, Patil BS, Bagali SC, Reddy RC, Aithala MR, Das KK. Protective effects of Ethanolic Extract of Emblica officinalis (amla) on Cardiovascular Pathophysiology of Rats, Fed with High Fat Diet. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:CC05-CC09. [PMID: 29207698 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/28474.10628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Dietary high fat alters lipid profile and possibly induce sympatho-vagal imbalance. Emblica officinalis is found to be potential antioxidant and possibly counteract hyperlipidemia induced lipid peroxidation. Aim To assess Ethanolic extract of Emblica Officinalis (EEO) as lipid lowering and cardiovascular protective agent against high dietary fat supplemented to experimental rats. Further to study a comparative analysis between EEO and atorvastatin on hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular integrity. Materials and Methods EEO was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into five groups, having six rats in each group as following; Group I-control (20% fat); Group II (+ EEO 100 mg/kg body wt); Group III (fed with high fat diet; 30% fat); Group IV (fed with high fat diet; 30% fat + EEO 100 mg/kg body wt) and Group V (fed with high fat diet; 30% fat + atorvastatin 4 mg/kg body wt). The treatments were continued for 21 days. Gravimetric parameters and electrophysiological parameters {Heart Rate (HR), sympatho-vagal balance} were recorded and lipid profiles of all the groups were measured. ANOVA, correlation and multiple regressions were done for analysis of data. Results Significant alteration in serum lipid profile was observed in rats fed with high dietary fat but supplementation of EEO was found to be reversible. Electrophysiological evaluation revealed altered HR and sympatho-vagal balance in high dietary fat fed rats (Group III) which indicate cardiac autonomic malfunctions which were found to be improved in Emblica officinalis supplemented group of rats (Group IV). Further, analysis has shown significant negative correlation between HDL/LDL and sympatho-vagal balance in all groups of rats which clearly indicate a role of dietary fat on sympatho-vagal balance. These results further corroborated with findings of histopathological study on myocardium and elastic artery. Conclusion Observations from the study indicate a beneficial role of ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (amla) on dyslipidemia and cardiac autonomic functions in rats treated with high fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shantkumar Kanthe
- PhD Scholar, Department of Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Bheemshetty S Patil
- Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, BLDE University Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrilaxmi C Bagali
- Assistant Professor, Department of Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - R Chandramouli Reddy
- Junior Research Scientist, Department of Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunatha R Aithala
- Professor and Head, Department of Physiology, BLDE University Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Professor, Department of Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, BLDE University Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
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Bagoji IB, Doshi M, Yendigeri S, Patil B, Das KK. Black tea extracts influences indomethacin induced changes in renal histopathology of male albino rats. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chadchan KS, Das SN, Jargar JG, Das KK. A Comparative Study on Anti-diabetic Effects of Aqueous Trigonella foenum graecum, Hibiscus cannabinus Linn, and Cicer arietinum extracts on Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Albino Rats. J Young Pharm 2017. [DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2017.9.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Kori RS, Aladkatti RH, Desai S, Das KK. Effect of Anti-stress Activity of Fluoxetine on Restrained Stress Induced Male Albino Rats in Hematological Parameters and Whole Brain Histopathology. J Young Pharm 2017. [DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2017.9.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Gupta AN, Das KK. An open label randomized comparative study on axillary vis a vis supraclavicular approaches for brachial plexus block in forearm surgery. Asian J Med Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v8i1.14937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: Regional anesthesia like brachial plexus blocks are increasingly practiced now a day’s avoiding the complications of general anesthesia for upper limb surgery. Among the many techniques axillary and supraclavicular approaches are common though both have its merits and demerits. This study was planned to compare these two techniques in terms of onset, completion time of sensory and motor blockade, its duration and overall success during upper limb surgeries. Materials and Methods: After obtaining institutional ethics committee approval and written informed consent, 100 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I or II scheduled for forearm and hand surgeries were included in the study and were randomly allocated into two groups. 30ml of the 0.5% bupivacaine was injected either by supraclavicular or axillary route by a single trained experienced anesthetist. The onset and completion time of sensory and motor blockade, its duration and overall success were noted and the collected data was statistically analyzed.Results: The patients (n=100) predominantly female (56%) with comparable demographic profile found to have equal efficacy in onset of sensory block, extent of motor blockade, duration of block (analgesia) in both the group. However considering overall effectiveness of the techniques including their failure rates, axillary approach appeared to be more acceptable and a better technique (p<0.05).Conclusion: Axillary approach could be a safer choice among regional block for the conduct of upper limb surgery.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 71-76
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Das KK, Jargar JG, Saha S, Yendigeri SM, Singh SB. α-tocopherol supplementation prevents lead acetate and hypoxia-induced hepatic dysfunction. Indian J Pharmacol 2016; 47:285-91. [PMID: 26069366 PMCID: PMC4450554 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.157126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Lead (Pb) is a long-known poison of environment and industrial origin. Its prolonged exposure affects cellular material and alters cellular genetics and produces oxidative damages. In this study, we investigated the exposure of chronic sustained hypoxia or lead acetate alone or in combination with or without supplementation of α-tocopherol on hepatic oxidative and nitrosative stress in rats. Materials and Methods: The rats weighing 165 ± 5 g were exposed to chronic sustained hypoxia (10% oxygen) or lead acetate (25 mg/kg of body weight, intraperitoneally) alone or in combination with or without supplementation of α-tocopherol (10 mg/100 g b.wt, intramuscularly). The body weight of all the rats was recorded on the day 1 of the treatment and the day of sacrifice. Serum lipid profile was estimated by using a biochemical analyzer. Oxidant and enzymatic antioxidants status was evaluated by using spectrophotometer. Serum levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by using ELISA technique. Histopathological assessments of hepatic tissue were also done. Results: Exposure of both lead and hypoxia showed decreased body weight, altered serum lipid profile, oxidant and enzymatic antioxidants status, serum HIF-1α and VEGF concentrations. Simultaneous α-tocopherol supplementation showed beneficial effects to all these alterations. Histopathological observations also showed hepatic degenerative changes after lead or hypoxia exposure either alone or in combination, but remarkable improvement has been noticed after α-tocopherol supplementation. Conclusion: Supplementation of α-tocopherol is beneficial to counter both lead acetate and hypoxia induced hepatic cytotoxicities possibly by reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE University, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Jameel G Jargar
- Department of Physiology, Al Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Sikha Saha
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetic Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Saeed M Yendigeri
- Department of Pathology, Al Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
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Vallabha T, Karjol U, Kalyanappagol V, Sindgikar V, Nidoni R, Biradar H, K V A, Das KK. Rational Hyperoxia in the Perioperative Period: a Safe and Effective Tool in the Reduction of SSI. Indian J Surg 2015; 78:27-31. [PMID: 27186036 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-015-1314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen supplemented at a concentration higher than 40-50 % for at least 2 h perioperatively is expected to reduce surgical site infections (SSI). Although supplementation of 80 % of oxygen perioperatively has shown to reduce SSI in various studies, this concentration is known to be associated with airway complications. This study was taken up to assess the efficacy of 60 %, i.e. <80 and >50 %, inspired oxygen supplemented perioperatively in reducing SSI. One hundred and eighty-eight patients who underwent elective class I and II surgeries were studied. Patients were divided equally into two groups and subgroups and matched for age, sex, type of surgeries, etc. The control group received 30 % and the study group received 60 % oxygen supplementation perioperatively for 2 h. Wounds were observed for the development of SSI. 8/94 patients in the study group and 13/94 patients in the control group developed SSI (p < 0.01). The results indicate a relative risk of 1.62, risk difference of 0.0531 and attributable risk of 38.42 %. Hence, it may be concluded that perioperative oxygen supplementation at 60 % concentration reduces SSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Vallabha
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
| | - Uday Karjol
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
| | - Vijayakumar Kalyanappagol
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
| | - Vikram Sindgikar
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
| | - Ravindra Nidoni
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
| | - Harshavardhan Biradar
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
| | - Aniketan K V
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
| | - K K Das
- Department of Surgery, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Research Centre, BLDE University, Sholapur Road, Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka 586103 India
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Maniyar SA, Jargar JG, Das SN, Dhundasi SA, Das KK. Alteration of chemical behavior of L-ascorbic acid in combination with nickel sulfate at different pH solutions in vitro. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:220-2. [PMID: 23569901 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the alteration of chemical behavior of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) with metal ion (nickel) at different pH solutions in vitro. METHODS Spectra of pure aqueous solution of L-ascorbic acid (E mark) compound and NiSO4 (H2O) (sigma USA) were evaluated by UV visible spectrophotometer. Spectral analysis of L-ascorbic acid and nickel at various pH (2.0, 7.0, 7.4 and 8.6) at room temperature of 29 °C was recorded. In this special analysis, combined solution of L-ascorbic acid and nickel sulfate at different pH was also recorded. RESULTS The result revealed that λmax (peak wavelength of spectra) of L-ascorbic acid at pH 2.0 was 289.0 nm whereas at neutral pH 7.0, λmax was 295.4 nm. In alkaline pH 8.6, λmax was 295.4 nm and at pH 7.4 the λmax of L-ascorbic acid remained the same as 295.4 nm. Nickel solution at acidic pH 2.0 was 394.5 nm, whereas at neutral pH 7.0 and pH 7.4 were the same as 394.5 nm. But at alkaline pH 8.6, λmax value of nickel sulfate became 392.0 nm. The combined solution of L-ascorbic acid and nickel sulfate (6 mg/mL each) at pH 2.0 showed 292.5 nm and 392.5 nm, respectively whereas at pH 7.0, L-ascorbic acid showed 296.5 nm and nickel sulfate showed 391.5 nm. At pH 7.4, L-ascorbic acid showed 297.0 nm and nickel sulfate showed 394.0 nm in the combined solution whereas at pH 8.6 (alkaline) L-ascorbic acid and nickel sulfate were showing 297.0 and 393.5 nm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Results clearly indicate an altered chemical behavior of L-ascorbic acid either alone or in combination with nickel sulfate in vitro at different pH. Perhaps oxidation of L-ascorbic acid to L-dehydro ascorbic acid via the free radical (HSc*) generation from the reaction of H2ASc + Ni (II) is the cause of such alteration of λmax value of L-ascorbic acid in the presence of metal nickel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheen A Maniyar
- Environmental Health Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Al Ameen Medical College, Bijapur-586108 Karnataka, India
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Das KK, Razzaghi-Asl N, Tikare SN, Di Santo R, Costi R, Messore A, Pescatori L, Crucitti GC, Jargar JG, Dhundasi SA, Saso L. Hypoglycemic activity of curcumin synthetic analogues in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:99-105. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1004061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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B Bagoji I, MA D, Yendigeri S, BG P, BB P, Das KK. Black tea extract ameliorates indomethacin induced changes in testicular histopathology of albino rats. J Young Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2014.3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Patil SG, Dhanakshirur GB, Aithala MR, Naregal G, Das KK. Effect of yoga on oxidative stress in elderly with grade-I hypertension: a randomized controlled study. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:BC04-7. [PMID: 25177555 PMCID: PMC4149061 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/9498.4586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypertension, especially in elderly is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Oxidative stress has been implicated as one of the underlying cause of hypertension. Yoga has been found to control hypertension in the elderly, but the underlying benefits of mechanism in relation to oxidative stress regulation remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of yoga on oxidative stress in elderly with Grade-I hypertension. METHODS An open parallel-arm randomised controlled study was conducted at BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, India on elderly male individuals with Grade-I hypertension (n=57, age 60-80 years). Study (Yoga) group was assigned for yoga intervention and control group for walking for one hour in the morning for six days in a week for three months under the supervision of yoga instructor and physical training instructor respectively. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of oxidative stress and antioxidants such as serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and vitamin C levels were estimated. RESULTS Yoga practice for three months has significantly reduced serum MDA level (p<0.001), and enhanced antioxidants level such as SOD activity (p=0.007), serum GSH (p=0.002) and vitamin C (p=0.002). In the control group, we observed a significant increase in serum MDA level (p=0.04) and reduction in serum vitamin C level (p=0.015) with no significant difference in the SOD activity and GSH level. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that yoga is an effective means to reduce oxidative stress and to improve antioxidant defense in elderly hypertensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish G Patil
- PhD Fellow, Department of Physiology, BLDE University’s Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Karnataka, India
| | - Gopal B Dhanakshirur
- Professor, Department of Physiology, BLDE University’s Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunatha R Aithala
- Professor, Department of Physiology, BLDE University’s Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Karnataka, India
| | - Govindanagouda Naregal
- Postgraudate, Department of Biochemistry, BLDE University’s Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Professor, Department of Physiology, BLDE University’s Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Karnataka, India
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Mantur VS, Somannavarib MS, Yendigeri S, Das KK, Goudar SS. Ameliorating effect of black tea extract on cadmium chloride-induced alteration of serum lipid profile and liver histopathology in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 58:128-132. [PMID: 25509961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is one among the most environmental pollutants that affects many organs like kidney, liver and testis. The present study was aimed to assess the simultaneous effects of black tea extracts (BTE) on cadmium chloride induced alterations in lipid profile and liver histology. Adult rats were divided into four groups (n=6/group), group I (normal saline), group II (CdCl2, 1.0 mg/kg, b.wt; i.p), group III (black tea extract, 2.5 gm tea leaf/dl of water that is 2.5% of aqueous BTE) and group IV (cadmium chloride + BTE). Cadmium chloride intoxicated rats showed significant increase in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and there is a significant decrease in the serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In the liver, cadmium chloride showed changes in normal architecture, swollen hepatocytes, kupffer cells hyperplasia, dilation and congestion of central vein. Oral administration of black tea extracts with cadmium chloride significantly improves lipid profile and liver architecture as compared to the cadmium chloride group. The results indicate that BTE is beneficial in preventing cadmium-induced lipid alterations and hepatocellular damage.
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Chakraborti D, Rahman MM, Murrill M, Das R, Siddayya, Patil SG, Sarkar A, Dadapeer HJ, Yendigeri S, Ahmed R, Das KK. Environmental arsenic contamination and its health effects in a historic gold mining area of the Mangalur greenstone belt of Northeastern Karnataka, India. J Hazard Mater 2013; 262:1048-55. [PMID: 23228450 PMCID: PMC4089497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
This report summarizes recent findings of environmental arsenic (As) contamination and the consequent health effects in a community located near historic gold mining activities in the Mangalur greenstone belt of Karnataka, India. Arsenic contents in water, hair, nail, soil and food were measured by FI-HG-AAS. Elemental analyses of soils were determined by ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry). Of 59 tube-well water samples, 79% had As above 10 μg L(-1) (maximum 303 μg L(-1)). Of 12 topsoil samples, six were found to contain As greater than 2000 mg kg(-1) possibly indicating the impact of mine tailings on the area. All hair and nail samples collected from 171 residents contained elevated As. Arsenical skin lesions were observed among 58.6% of a total 181 screened individuals. Histopathological analysis of puncture biopsies of suspected arsenical dermatological symptoms confirmed the diagnosis in three out of four patients. Based on the time-course of As-like symptoms reported by the community as well as the presence of overt arsenicosis, it is hypothesized that the primary route of exposure in the study area was via contaminated groundwater; however, the identified high As content in residential soil could also be a significant source of As exposure via ingestion. Additional studies are required to determine the extent as well as the relative contribution of geologic and anthropogenic factors in environmental As contamination in the region. This study report is to our knowledge one of the first to describe overt arsenicosis in this region of Karnataka, India as well as more broadly an area with underlying greenstone geology and historic mining activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Chakraborti
- School of Environmental Studies (SOES), Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Das KK, Vallabha T, Ray J, Murthy P. Conflict of Interest - Serious Issue on Publication Ethics for Indian Medical Journals. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2013. [DOI: 10.31729/jnma.1790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are several vested interest lies on research publication hence the editorial policy is the sole important factor to control and regulate ethical publications in medical sciences especially on ‘conflict of interest’ issue.Aim: the study was aimed to assess on awareness of ‘conflict of interest’ issue in medical research and publication among the editorial staff, peer reviewers and authors of Indian medical journals.Methods: 61 authors who have published research articles recently in Indian medical journals (2008-2012), 56 peer reviewers who reviewed the manuscripts during same period and 35 editorial board members of various Indian medical journals were assessed by questionnaire and telephone interview regarding their understanding and knowledge on ‘conflict of interest’ issue for ethical publication.Results: Only 12% of the authors knew about the ‘conflict of interest’ issue and 19% of the medical authors have just heard about it! Out of 12% of authors who knew ‘conflict of interest’ issue only 5% provided that statement to the journals. Among the peer reviewers only 30% knew about ‘conflict of interest’ of which 91.5% stated that they do not bother about this issue while reviewing the manuscripts! But interestingly 75% of the peer reviewers confessed that they had a bias on the topics written by their friends or students! Among the editorial board members of Indian medical journals only 25% have any idea on ‘conflict of interest issue’.Conclusions: Results clearly shows poor understanding of ‘conflict of interest’ like important ethical issue among Indian medical scientists or journals.Keywords: authors; conflict of Interest; editorial members; peer reviewers; Indian Medical Journals.
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Das KK, Vallabha T, Ray J, Murthy PSN. Conflict of interest - serious issue on publication ethics for Indian medical journals. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2013; 52:357-360. [PMID: 24362660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are several vested interest lies on research publication hence the editorial policy is the sole important factor to control and regulate ethical publications in medical sciences especially on 'conflict of interest' issue. The study was aimed to assess on awareness of 'conflict of interest' issue in medical research and publication among the editorial staff, peer reviewers and authors of Indian medical journals. METHODS Total 61 authors who have published research articles recently in Indian medical journals from 2008-2012, 56 peer reviewers who reviewed the manuscripts during same period and 35 editorial board members of various Indian medical journals were assessed by questionnaire and telephone interview regarding their understanding and knowledge on 'conflict of interest' issue for ethical publication. RESULTS Only seven (12%) of the authors knew about the 'conflict of interest' issue and 11 (19%) of the medical authors have just heard about it. Out of 12% of authors who knew 'conflict of interest' issue only 15% provided that statement to the journals. Among the peer reviewers only 17 (30%) knew about 'conflict of interest' of which 51 (91.5%) stated that they do not bother about this issue while reviewing the manuscripts. But interestingly 42 (75%) of the peer reviewers confessed that they had a bias on the topics written by their friends or students. Among the editorial board members of Indian medical journals only 14 (25%) have any idea on 'conflict of interest issue'. CONCLUSIONS Results clearly shows poor understanding of 'conflict of interest' like important ethical issue among Indian medical scientists or journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology,BLDE University's Sri B.M. Patil Medical College, Bijapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejaswini Vallabha
- Department of Surgery, BLDE University's Sri B.M. Patil Medical College, Bijapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Jaydeb Ray
- Institute of Child Health, Kolkata-700017, India
| | - P S N Murthy
- Department of E.N.T. and Head and Neck Surgery, Dr. P.S. Institute of Medical Sciences and R.F., Gannavaram, A.P, India
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Hattiwale SH, Saha S, Yendigeri SM, Jargar JG, Dhundasi SA, Das KK. Protective effect of L-ascorbic acid on nickel induced pulmonary nitrosative stress in male albino rats. Biometals 2013; 26:329-36. [PMID: 23463385 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-013-9617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nickel sulfate stimulates inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) and increases serum nitric oxide concentration by overproduction of reactive nitrogen species due to nitrosative stress. The present study was undertaken to assess possible protective role of L-ascorbic acid as an antioxidant against nickel induced pulmonary nitrosative stress in male albino rats. We studied the effect of the simultaneous treatment with L-ascorbic acid (50 mg/100 g b. wt.; orally) and nickel sulfate (2.0 mg/100 g b. wt.; i.p.) on nitric oxide synthesis by quantitative evaluation of serum i-NOS activities, serum and lung nitric oxide, L-ascorbic acid and protein concentrations of Wistar strain male albino rats. We have further studied histopathological changes in lung tissue after nickel sulfate treatment along with simultaneous exposure of L-ascorbic acid. Nickel sulfate treatment significantly increased the serum i-NOS activity, serum and pulmonary nitric oxide concentration and decreased body weight, pulmonary somatic index, serum and lung L-ascorbic acid and protein concentration as compared to their respective controls. Histopathological changes induced by nickel sulfate showed loss of normal alveolar architecture, inflammation of bronchioles, infiltration of inflammatory cells and patchy congestion of alveolar blood vessels. The simultaneous administration of L-ascorbic acid and nickel sulfate significantly improved all the above biochemical parameters along with histopathology of lung tissues of rats receiving nickel sulfate alone. The study clearly showed a protective role of L-ascorbic acid against nickel induced nitrosative stress in lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheenkousar H Hattiwale
- Environmental Health Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Al Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, 586108, Karnataka, India
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Tikare SN, Yendigeri S, Gupta AD, Dhundasi SA, Das KK. Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on hematology and erythrocyte antioxidant defense system of albino rats exposed to heavy metals (nickel II & chromium VI). Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 56:137-146. [PMID: 23387242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are stable environmental contaminants, causing various alterations in target tissues. Garlic has some beneficial effect in preventing heavy metal induced various alteration. The objective was to investigate the possible protective role of fresh aqueous homogenate of garlic on hematology, erythrocyte antioxidant defense system in male albino rats treated with NiSO4 and K2Cr2O7. Rats were divided into six groups. Group I was untreated control. Group II was given aqueous homogenate of garlic (orally). Group III was administered with nickel sulfate (i.p). Group IV was given NiSO4 and garlic simultaneously. Group V was administered with K2Cr2O7 (i.p). Group VI were treated simultaneously with K2Cr2O7 and garlic. RBC, WBC, platelet count, PCV%, hemoglobin concentration decreased significantly and clotting time increased significantly after nickel treatment. After chromium treatment all the values decreased except clotting time. Increased malondialdehyde and glutathione level after nickel and chromium treatment was observed. Also erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities significantly increased after nickel and chromium treatment. Simultaneous garlic supplementation exhibited protective role to combat nickel toxicity, whereas no such beneficial effects were observed for chromium (VI). Garlic may partially prevent nickel and chromium induced alteration but such ameliorated effects as an antioxidant is only restricted on nickel induced alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati N Tikare
- Environmental Health Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Al Ameen Medical College, Bijapur - 586108, Karnataka, India
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Jargar JG, Hattiwale SH, Das S, Dhundasi SA, Das KK. A modified simple method for determination of serum α-tocopherol (vitamin E). J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 23:45-8. [PMID: 22865449 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2011-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E is one of the important antioxidants linked to regulate various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and male infertility. A relatively simple and economic biochemical modified method has been developed to determine serum α-tocopherol concentration. METHODS The current modified method is based on previous Baker and Frank method and the method of Martinek by using 2,2'-bipyridyl, ferric chloride, and xylene. The complex of ferrous ions generated in this reaction with 2,2'-bipyridyl is determined by using a plain enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay microplate (non-antibody coated) at 492 nm. RESULTS The standard curve of this new modified method shows a linearity with correlation r=0.997 (concentration vs. absorbance). The absorbance of this color complex is directly proportional to the α-tocopherol concentration. The sensitivity of this new modified method has been compared and correlated with Baker and Frank method by using 15 human samples (r=0.99, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This simple and economic method may be routinely used to analyze α-tocopherol concentration in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel G Jargar
- Department of Physiology, Al-Ameen Medical College, Karnataka, India
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