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Xie D, Wu C, Wang D, Nisma Lena BA, Liu N, Ye G, Sun M. Wei-fu-chun tablet halted gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia associated with inflammation by regulating the NF-κB pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:117020. [PMID: 37567428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chi006Eese herbal medicine Weifuchun Tablets (WFC) approved by the State Food and Drug Administration in 1982 has been widely used in treating a variety of chronic stomach disorders including Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and Gastric precancerous lesions in China clinically. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and potential mechanism of WFC in treating Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) and Gastric dysplasia (GDys). MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat GIM and GDys established by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) combined with hot paste, ethanol injury, and intermittent fasting were intervened by WFC. Body weight, histopathology, pH of gastric acid, pepsin activity, intestinal metaplasia index and inflammation were detected. Rat bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) pretreated with WFC were stimulated by LPS. Inflammatory factors and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were assessed. GES-1 cells pretreated by WFC were stimulated by MNNG and TNF-α, intestinal metaplasia index, the NF-κB pathway and interaction between P65 and CDX2 were detected. RESULTS WFC improved rat body weight, histopathology, pH value of gastric acid, activity of gastric pepsin, intestinal metaplasia (CDX2), inflammation (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), macrophage aggregation (CD68) in gastric mucosa in rat GIM and GDys. WFC inhibited inflammation (IL-1β and TNF-α) by inactivating the NF-κB pathway. WFC reduced the expression of CDX2 by inhibiting the binding of CDX2 promoter TSS upstream region with p65. CONCLUSION WFC blocked GIM and GDys associated with inflammation by regulating the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bahaji Azami Nisma Lena
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Lv Y, Liu Z, Deng L, Xia S, Mu Q, Xiao B, Xiu Y, Liu Z. Hesperetin promotes bladder cancer cells death via the PI3K/AKT pathway by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1009. [PMID: 38200039 PMCID: PMC10781778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with bladder cancer (BLCA) still show high recurrence after surgery and chemotherapy. Hesperetin (HE), as a natural compound, has attracted researchers' attention due to its low toxicity and easy access. However, the inhibitory effect of HE on BLCA remains unknown. The hub genes and enrichment pathways regulated by HE in the treatment of BLCA were predicted by network pharmacology. The molecular docking of HE and hub proteins was visualized. Colony and CCK8 assays were used to test cell proliferation, and BLCA migration was confirmed by transwell and wound healing assays. In addition, the occurrence of apoptosis and ferroptosis was demonstrated by Hoechst staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) assay. Western Blotting was performed to validate the hub proteins, target functions and pathways. SRC, PIK3R1 and MAPK1 were identified as hub targets for HE in BLCA, involving the PI3k/AKT pathway. Furthermore, HE inhibited the proliferation and migration of BLCA cells. The MMP2/MMP9 proteins were significantly inhibited by HE. The increased expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 indicated that HE could promote BLCA cell apoptosis. In addition, Hoechst staining revealed concentrated and illuminated apoptotic nuclei. The activation of ROS and the decline of GPX4 expression suggested that HE might induce ferroptosis as an anti-BLCA process. Shrunk mitochondria and apoptotic bodies were observed in BLCA cells treated with HE, with reduced or absent mitochondrial cristae. We propose for the first time that HE could inhibit the proliferation and migration of BLCA cells and promote apoptosis and ferroptosis. HE may act by targeting proteins such as SRC, PIK3R1 and MAPK1 and the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lv
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhonghao Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Leihong Deng
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shunyao Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingchun Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Bang Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Youcheng Xiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China.
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Gupta J, Ahmed AT, Tayyib NA, Zabibah RS, Shomurodov Q, Kadheim MN, Alsaikhan F, Ramaiah P, Chinnasamy L, Samarghandian S. A state-of-art of underlying molecular mechanisms and pharmacological interventions/nanotherapeutics for cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115337. [PMID: 37659203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fourth common reason of death among patients is gastric cancer (GC) and it is a dominant tumor type in Ease Asia. One of the problems in GC therapy is chemoresistance. Cisplatin (CP) is a platinum compound that causes DNA damage in reducing tumor progression and viability of cancer cells. However, due to hyperactivation of drug efflux pumps, dysregulation of genes and interactions in tumor microenvironment, tumor cells can develop resistance to CP chemotherapy. The current review focuses on the CP resistance emergence in GC cells with emphasizing on molecular pathways, pharmacological compounds for reversing chemoresistance and the role of nanostructures. Changes in cell death mechanisms such as upregulation of pro-survival autophagy can prevent CP-mediated apoptosis that results in drug resistance. Moreover, increase in metastasis via EMT induction induces CP resistance. Dysregulation of molecular pathways such as PTEN, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and others result in changes in CP response of GC cells. Non-coding RNAs determine CP response of GC cells and application of pharmacological compounds with activity distinct of CP can result in sensitivity in tumor cells. Due to efficacy of exosomes in transferring bioactive molecules such as RNA and DNA molecules among GC cells, exosomes can also result in CP resistance. One of the newest progresses in overcoming CP resistance in GC is application of nanoplatforms for delivery of CP in GC therapy that they can increase accumulation of CP at tumor site and by suppressing carcinogenic factors and overcoming biological barriers, they increase CP toxicity on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U.P., India
| | | | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Qakhramon Shomurodov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Mostafai N Kadheim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad 10022 Iraq
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Rybak LP, Alberts I, Patel S, Al Aameri RFH, Ramkumar V. Effects of natural products on cisplatin ototoxicity and chemotherapeutic efficacy. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2023; 19:635-652. [PMID: 37728555 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2023.2260737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cisplatin is a very effective chemotherapeutic agent against a variety of solid tumors. Unfortunately, cisplatin causes permanent sensorineural hearing loss in at least two-thirds of patients treated. There are no FDA approved drugs to prevent this serious side effect. AREAS COVERED This paper reviews various natural products that ameliorate cisplatin ototoxicity. These compounds are strong antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. This review includes mostly preclinical studies but also discusses a few small clinical trials with natural products to minimize hearing loss from cisplatin chemotherapy in patients. The interactions of natural products with cisplatin in tumor-bearing animal models are highlighted. A number of natural products did not interfere with cisplatin anti-tumor efficacy and some agents actually potentiated cisplatin anti-tumor activity. EXPERT OPINION There are a number of natural products or their derivatives that show excellent protection against cisplatin ototoxicity in preclinical studies. There is a need to insure uniform standards for purity of drugs derived from natural sources and to ensure adequate pharmacokinetics and safety of these products. Natural products that protect against cisplatin ototoxicity and augment cisplatin's anti-tumor effects in multiple studies of tumor-bearing animals are most promising for advancement to clinical trials. The most promising natural products include honokiol, sulforaphane, and thymoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard P Rybak
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Ian Alberts
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Shree Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Raheem F H Al Aameri
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Vickram Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
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Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the local environment where malignant cells strive and survive, composed of cancer cells and their surroundings, regulating essential tumor survival, and promotion functions. Dietary flavonoids are abundantly present in common vegetables and fruits and exhibit good anti-cancer activities, which significantly inhibit tumorigenesis by targeting TME constituents and their interaction with cancer cells. This review aims to synthesize information concerning the modulation of TME by dietary flavonoids, as well as to provide insights into the molecular basis of its potential anti-tumor activities, with an emphasis on its ability to control intracellular signaling cascades that regulate the TME processes, involving cell proliferation, invasion and migration, continuous angiogenesis, and immune inflammation. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the development of the leading compound targeting TME for anti-cancer therapies from these dietary flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namin Duan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuru Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ning Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology, Shanghai, 201306, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.,Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai, 201306, China
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Chimento A, De Luca A, D'Amico M, De Amicis F, Pezzi V. The Involvement of Natural Polyphenols in Molecular Mechanisms Inducing Apoptosis in Tumor Cells: A Promising Adjuvant in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36675194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various literature data show how a diet rich in vegetables could reduce the incidence of several cancers due to the contribution of the natural polyphenols contained in them. Polyphenols are attributed multiple pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antibiotic, antiseptic, anti-allergic, cardioprotective and even anti-tumor properties. The multiple mechanisms involved in their anti-tumor action include signaling pathways modulation associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, metastasis and cell death. Since the dysregulation of death processes is involved in cancer etiopathology, the natural compounds able to kill cancer cells could be used as new anticancer agents. Apoptosis, a programmed form of cell death, is the most potent defense against cancer and the main mechanism used by both chemotherapy agents and polyphenols. The aim of this review is to provide an update of literature data on the apoptotic molecular mechanisms induced by some representative polyphenol family members in cancer cells. This aspect is particularly important because it may be useful in the design of new therapeutic strategies against cancer involving the polyphenols as adjuvants.
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Malik P, Bernela M, Seth M, Kaushal P, Mukherjee TK. Recent Progress in the Hesperetin Delivery Regimes: Significance of Pleiotropic Actions and Synergistic Anticancer Efficacy. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2954-2976. [PMID: 38173051 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128253609231030070414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the plant kingdom, flavonoids are widely distributed with multifunctional immunomodulatory actions. Hesperetin (HST) remains one of the well-studied compounds in this domain, initially perceived in citrus plants as an aglycone derivative of hesperidin (HDN). OBSERVATIONS Natural origin, low in vivo toxicity, and pleiotropic functional essence are the foremost fascinations for HST use as an anticancer drug. However, low aqueous solubility accompanied with a prompt degradation by intestinal and hepatocellular enzymes impairs HST physiological absorption. MOTIVATION Remedies attempted herein comprise the synthesis of derivatives and nanocarrier (NC)-mediated delivery. As the derivative synthesis aggravates the structural complexity, NC-driven HST delivery has emerged as a sustainable approach for its sustained release. Recent interest in HST has been due to its significant anticancer potential, characterized via inhibited cell division (proliferation), new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), forceful occupation of neighboring cell's space (invasion), migration to erstwhile physiological locations (metastasis) and apoptotic induction. The sensitization of chemotherapeutic drugs (CDs) by HST is driven via stoichiometrically regulated synergistic actions. Purpose and Conclusion: This article sheds light on HST structure-function correlation and pleiotropic anticancer mechanisms, in unaided and NC-administered delivery in singular and with CDs synergy. The discussion could streamline the HST usefulness and long-term anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Malik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Manju Bernela
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143001, India
| | - Mahima Seth
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Priya Kaushal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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An MF, Shen C, Zhang SS, Wang MY, Sun ZR, Fan MS, Zhang LJ, Zhao YL, Sheng J, Wang XJ. Anti-hyperuricemia effect of hesperetin is mediated by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase and promoting excretion of uric acid. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1128699. [PMID: 37124197 PMCID: PMC10131109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1128699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hesperetin is a natural flavonoid with many biological activities. In view of hyperuricemia treatment, the effects of hesperetin in vivo and in vitro, and the underlying mechanisms, were explored. Hyperuricemia models induced by yeast extract (YE) or potassium oxonate (PO) in mice were created, as were models based on hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase (XOD) in L-O2 cells and sodium urate in HEK293T cells. Serum level of uric acid (UA), creatinine (CRE), and urea nitrogen (BUN) were reduced significantly after hesperetin treatment in vivo. Hesperetin provided hepatoprotective effects and inhibited xanthine oxidase activity markedly, altered the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and catalase (CAT), downregulated the XOD protein expression, toll-like receptor (TLR)4, nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, interleukin-18 (IL-18), upregulated forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in a uric acid-synthesis model in mice. Protein expression of organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), OAT3, organic cationic transporter 1 (OCT1), and OCT2 was upregulated by hesperetin intervention in a uric acid excretion model in mice. Our results proposal that hesperetin exerts a uric acid-lowering effect through inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity and protein expression, intervening in the TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway, and up-regulating expression of FOXO3a, MnSOD, OAT1, OAT3, OCT1, and OCT2 proteins. Thus, hesperetin could be a promising therapeutic agent against hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fei An
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shao-Shi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ze-Rui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mao-Si Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yun-Li Zhao, ; Jun Sheng, ; Xuan-Jun Wang,
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yun-Li Zhao, ; Jun Sheng, ; Xuan-Jun Wang,
| | - Xuan-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yun-Li Zhao, ; Jun Sheng, ; Xuan-Jun Wang,
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Liang Z, Song J, Xu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Qian H. Hesperidin Reversed Long-Term N-methyl- N-nitro- N-Nitroguanidine Exposure Induced EMT and Cell Proliferation by Activating Autophagy in Gastric Tissues of Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245281. [PMID: 36558440 PMCID: PMC9781858 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide. N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroguanidine (MNNG) is one of the most important inducing factors of gastric cancer. Autophagy can affect the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, but the mechanism is not clear. Chemoprevention has been shown to be a rational and very promising approach to the prevention of gastric cancer. Hesperidin is a citrus flavone, an abundant polyphenol in citrus fruits and traditional Chinese medicine. It has an excellent phytochemistry that plays an intervention role in gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether long-term exposure to MNNG will affect the occurrence of gastric cancer by regulating autophagy and whether hesperidin can play an intervention role in this process. In the present study, we demonstrated that long-term MNNG exposure inhibits autophagy in stomach tissues of rats, promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cell proliferation and suppresses the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway. We further found that after rapamycin-activated autophagy, long-term MNNG exposure promoted cell proliferation and EMT were inhibited. In addition, hesperidin promotes autophagy and the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway, as well as the suppression of proliferation and EMT in the stomach tissues of rats. Our findings indicate that hesperidin reverses MNNG-induced gastric cancer by activating autophagy and the PI3K/AKT pathway, which may provide a new basis for the early prevention and treatment of MNNG-induced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Liang
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Yang P, Liu P, Li J. The Regulatory Network of Gastric Cancer Pathogenesis and Its Potential Therapeutic Active Ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Bioinformatics, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022; 2022:1-17. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5005498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aims to investigate the functional gene network in gastric carcinogenesis by using bioinformatics; besides, the diagnostic utility of key genes and potential active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treatment in gastric cancer have been explored. Methods. The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases have been applied to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues. Then, the DEGs underwent Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses using the Metascape database. The STRING database and the Cytoscape software were utilized for the protein-protein interaction network of DEGs and hub genes screening. Furthermore, survival and expression analyses of hub genes were conducted using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Human Protein Atlas databases. By using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, the hub genes interconnected with active ingredients of TCM were analyzed to provide potential information for the treatment of gastric cancer. After the molecular docking of the active ingredients of TCM to specific hub gene receptor proteins, the molecular dynamics simulation GROMACS was applied to validate the conformation of the strongest binding ability in the molecular docking. Results. A total of 291 significant DEGs were found, from which 12 hub genes were screened out. Among these hub genes, the expressions of five hub genes including COL1A1, COL5A2, MMP12, SERPINE1, and VCAN were significantly correlated with the overall survival. Furthermore, four potential therapeutic active ingredients of TCM were acquired, including quercetin, resveratrol, emodin, and schizandrin B. In addition, the molecular docking results exhibited that the active ingredients of TCM formed stable binding with the hub gene targets. SERPINE1 (3UT3)-Emodin and COL1A1 (7DV6)-Quercetin were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations as conformations of continuing research significance, and both were found to be stably bound as a result of the interaction of van der Waals potentials, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding. Conclusion. Our findings may provide novel insights and references for the screening of biomarkers, the prognostic evaluation, and the identification of potential active ingredients of TCM for gastric cancer treatment.
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Lu Z, Xia Q, Cheng Y, Lu Q, Li Y, Zeng N, Luan X, Li Y, Fan L, Luo D. Hesperetin attenuates UVA-induced photodamage in human dermal fibroblast cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6261-6269. [PMID: 35816390 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation causes skin damage. Recently, natural compounds have become an interest to protect skin from UV-induced photodamages. METHODS In this study, we investigated the protective effects of hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, on UVA-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and photoaging. RESULTS Our results showed that hesperetin increased the cell viability, suppressed the intracellular ROS levels, and decreased the expression of MMPs including MMP-1 and MMP-3, pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and COX-2 in UVA-irradiated HDFs. Besides, hesperetin exerted an anti-apoptotic effect by increasing expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and decreasing expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Moreover, these anti-photodamage effects were mediated by inhibition of ERK, p38/AP-1, and NF-κb/p65 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Therefore, hesperetin may be useful in the prevention of UVA-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Lu
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyue Xia
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxin Cheng
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ni Zeng
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingbao Luan
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lipan Fan
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Shree A, Islam J, Yadav V, Sultana S, Khan HA. Hesperetin alleviates DMH induced toxicity via suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation in the colon of Wistar rats. Environ Toxicol 2022; 37:2153-2166. [PMID: 35567572 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH), a colon-specific environmental toxicant is one among the carcinogen responsible for the cause of colon cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Hesperetin (HST) against colon toxicity induced by DMH in Wistar rats. HST, a flavonoid widely found in citrus fruits possesses several biological activities including anti-microbial, anti-oxidant properties among others. A single dose of DMH (40 mg/kg body weight) was administered subcutaneously on 1st day for induction of colon toxicity followed by oral treatment with HST at a dose of 20 mg/kg bodyweight for 14 consecutive days. DMH administration leads to excessive ROS generation, resulting in an imbalance in redox homeostasis and causing membrane lipid peroxidation, which is also partly due to the decrease in the level of tissue antioxidant machinery. Our result showed HST significantly ameliorates DMH-induced lipid peroxidation and also substantially increases the activity/level of various anti-oxidant proteins (GR, GPx, GST, GSH, and SOD). HST was also found to reduce the expression of inflammatory proteins (TNF-α, IL-6, i-NOS, COX-2, NF-kB-p65), goblet cell disintegration as well as mucin depletion (sulfo and sialomucin) in the colon that was found to be elevated upon administration of DMH. Our histological results further provide confirmation of the protective role of HST against DMH-induced pathological alterations. The results of the present study demonstrate supplementation of HST is beneficial in ameliorating DMH-induced toxicity by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, goblet cell disintegration as well mucin depletion in the colon of Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpa Shree
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Johirul Islam
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Oncology, PGIMS-Rohtak, Rohtak, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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13
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Duan Y, Ni S, Zhao K, Qian J, Hu X. Immune cell infiltration and the genes associated with ligamentum flavum hypertrophy: Identification and validation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:914781. [PMID: 36036007 PMCID: PMC9400804 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.914781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) is a common cause of spinal stenosis. The aim of the current study was to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LFH and the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of and immune responses to LFH. The gene expression omnibus (GEO) database was used to obtain the GSE113212 dataset, and the DEGs were derived from microarray data. To identify critical genes and signaling pathways, gene ontology enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed, followed by immune cell infiltration and Friends analyses using the retrieved datasets. The results were validated using quantitative real-time PCR. The 1530 DEGs identified comprised 971 upregulated and 559 downregulated genes. KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs were mostly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, while PPI network analysis identified tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, epidermal growth factor receptor, and leptin as important nodes, which was validated by qPCR and IHC in human LFH tissues in vitro. A significant positive correlation was found between key LFH immune-related DEGs and several immune cell types, including T and B cells. The findings of the present study might lead to novel therapeutic targets and clinical approaches, as they provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of LFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Duan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songjia Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Neurosurgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming First People's Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming First People's Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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14
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Yang H, Wang Y, Xu S, Ren J, Tang L, Gong J, Lin Y, Fang H, Su D. Hesperetin, a Promising Treatment Option for Diabetes and Related Complications: A Literature Review. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:8582-8592. [PMID: 35801973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of diabetes have increased dramatically in recent decades. Novel strategies for treating diabetes and its complications with minimal side effects are in urgent need. New monomeric molecules extracted from herbal medicine, which is a form of alternative medicine, are being sought as drug candidates for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Hesperetin (Hst), a citrus flavonoid, is of increasing interest in scientific studies recently due to its properties in combating diabetes and its complications, whereas existing studies are scattered and unsystematic. Here, we summarized the literature studies over the last 10 years to review the potential therapeutic role of Hst in the prevention and mitigation of diabetes and its complications, intending to provide promising strategies for the clinical management of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, the First Peoples's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Lidan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jinhong Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Hufeng Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
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15
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Gao Q, Feng J, Liu W, Wen C, Wu Y, Liao Q, Zou L, Sui X, Xie T, Zhang J, Hu Y. Opportunities and challenges for co-delivery nanomedicines based on combination of phytochemicals with chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114445. [PMID: 35820601 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic limitations such as insufficient efficacy, drug resistance, metastasis, and undesirable side effects are frequently caused by the long duration monotherapy based on chemotherapeutic drugs. multiple combinational anticancer strategies such as nucleic acids combined with chemotherapeutic agents, chemotherapeutic combinations, chemotherapy and tumor immunotherapy combinations have been embraced, holding great promise to counter these limitations, while still taking including some potential risks. Nowadays, an increasing number of research has manifested the anticancer effects of phytochemicals mediated by modulating cancer cellular events directly as well as the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, these natural compounds exhibited suppression of cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cancer cells, P-glycoprotein inhibition, decreasing vascularization and activation of tumor immunosuppression. Due to the low toxicity and multiple modulation pathways of these phytochemicals, the combination of chemotherapeutic agents with natural compounds acts as a novel approach to cancer therapy to increase the efficiency of cancer treatments as well as reduce the adverse consequences. In order to achieve the maximized combination advantages of small-molecule chemotherapeutic drugs and natural compounds, a variety of functional nano-scaled drug delivery systems, such as liposomes, host-guest supramolecules, supramolecules, dendrimers, micelles and inorganic systems have been developed for dual/multiple drug co-delivery. These co-delivery nanomedicines can improve pharmacokinetic behavior, tumor accumulation capacity, and achieve tumor site-targeting delivery. In that way, the improved antitumor effects through multiple-target therapy and reduced side effects by decreasing dose can be implemented. Here, we present the synergistic anticancer outcomes and the related mechanisms of the combination of phytochemicals with small-molecule anticancer drugs. We also focus on illustrating the design concept, and action mechanisms of nanosystems with co-delivery of drugs to synergistically improve anticancer efficacy. In addition, the challenges and prospects of how these insights can be translated into clinical benefits are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Wencheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Chengyong Wen
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yihan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Cheng Luo Road, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinbing Sui
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Cheng Luo Road, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China.
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16
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Xie J, Chen R, Wang Q, Mao H. Exploration and validation of Taraxacum mongolicum anti-cancer effect. Comput Biol Med 2022; 148:105819. [PMID: 35810695 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Taraxacum mongolicum gained a lot of concern and was applied in 93 formulas in China due to its fame as a traditional Chinese medicine. The earliest recorded application of Taraxacum mongolicum was traced back to the Han dynasty. Generations of doctors boosted the usage and enriched the pharmacological mechanism. Clinical application of the Taraxacum mongolicum is flourishing as it treats multiple diseases. This study aims to explore the anti-cancer effect, retrieve the active ingredients and screen the key targets of Taraxacum mongolicum in cancer therapy. We collected and evaluated 10 key active compounds to investigate the anti-cancer effect via 69 significant targets and a variety of biological processes and pathways. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis uncovered targets associated with protein phosphorylation, cell proliferation and apoptotic processes via regulation of kinases, ATP and enzyme binding activities. Half of the top 20 enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were directly involved in cancer. Based on standard selection criteria, seven hub targets were obtained. These targets functioned through distinct patterns and pathways in realizing the anti-cancer effect. Molecular docking was conducted to validate the potential combination between compounds and hub targets to explore the pharmacological mechanism of key compounds in Taraxacum mongolicum against cancer. In summary, our findings indicate that the famous and widely used Chinese herb, Taraxacum mongolicum, shows good anti-cancer effect through its active compounds, targeted genes, and multiple involved biological processes. The results may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent experimental validation and drug development of Taraxacum mongolicum extract against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumin Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal Disease Occurrence and Intervention, Medical School, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435003, PR China
| | - Ruxi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal Disease Occurrence and Intervention, Medical School, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435003, PR China
| | - Qingzhi Wang
- Medical College of YiChun University, Xuefu Road No 576, Yichun, Jiangxi, 336000, PR China.
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, 435000, PR China.
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17
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Hussain Y, Khan H, Efferth T, Alam W. Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by hesperetin: Focus on antitumor and cytoprotective effects. Phytomedicine 2022; 100:153985. [PMID: 35358935 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is still an all-times issue due to a large and even increasing number of deaths. Impaired genes regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis are targets for the development of novel cancer treatments. HYPOTHESIS Increased transcription of NADPH oxidase activator (NOXA), Bcl2-like11 (BIM), BH3-only proteins and p53 unregulated apoptosis modulator (PUMA) is caused by the imbalance between pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins due to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The membranous network of ER is present in all eukaryotic cells. ER stress facilitates the interaction between Bax and PUMA, triggering the release of cytochrome C. As a main intracellular organelle, ER is responsible for translocation as well as post-translation modification and protein folding. RESULTS Hesperetin is a cytoprotective flavonone, which acts against ER stress and protects from cell damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Hesperetin inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by Fe2+ and l-ascorbic acid in rat brain homogenates. CONCLUSION This review deals with the anticancer effects of hesperetin regarding the regulation of ER stress as a principal mechanism in the pathogenesis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen Hussain
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
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Zhang X, Dai X, Zhao X, Wang J, Dou J, Zhuang H, Chen N, Zhao H. MiR-874-3p represses the migration and invasion yet promotes the apoptosis and cisplatin sensitivity via being sponged by long intergenic non-coding RNA 00922 (LINC00922) and targeting Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterase Domain Containing 5 (GDPD5) in gastric cancer cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7082-7104. [PMID: 35282764 PMCID: PMC9208458 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2045831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study mainly reports the specific mechanisms of microRNA (miR)-874-3p on drug resistance in gastric cancer (GC). Clinical specimen was collected. The upstream long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and the downstream gene of miR-874-3p were predicted using bioinformatic analysis with the results being ascertained with dual-luciferase reporter assay. The viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion of transfected GC cells with or without cisplatin (DDP) treatment were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometric, Scratch, and Transwell assays. An animal xenograft model was constructed. Expressions of long intergenic non-coding RNA 00922 (LINC00922), miR-874-3p and potential target genes were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase-chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. MiR-874-3p, which was lower-expressed in drug-resistant GC tissues and cells, was upregulated to repress the viability, migration and invasion but enhance the apoptosis and sensitivity in GC cells with or without DDP resistance. Downregulation of miR-874-3p eliminated the effects of silenced LINC00922, a upstream lncRNA of miR-874-3p, on cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion, as well as the expressions of Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterase Domain Containing 5 (GDPD5) and the downstream gene of miR-874-3p in DDP-resistant GC cells. GDPD5 silencing diminished the effects of miR-874-3p downregulation on GDPD5 expression, viability, migration and invasion of DDP-resistant GC cells. Additionally, LINC00922 silencing enhanced the inhibitory effect of DDP on tumor growth, whereas reversing the effects of DDP on LINC00922, miR-874-3p and GDPD5 expressions in tumors. MiR-874-3p, an miRNA, which is sponged by LINC00922 and targets GDPD5, inhibits the GC progression yet enhances the DDP sensitivity in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xudong Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Lianshui People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Dou
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiwen Zhuang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haijian Zhao
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
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Xia X, Chen C, Yang L, Wang Y, Duan A, Wang D. Analysis of metabolites in young and mature Docynia delavayi (Franch.) Schneid leaves using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12844. [PMID: 35186461 PMCID: PMC8820213 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Docynia delavayi (Franch.) Schneid is a plant used both as food and traditional folk medicine. The leaves of D. delavayi are rich in polyphenols, plants with phenolic content are known to be extremely beneficial in terms of human nutrition. In the present study, we used metabolome technology (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) to examine the young and mature D. delavayi leaves on metabolites changes, which were then analyzed and compared. As a result, 477 metabolites (including 111 flavonoids, 47 others (consisted of nine vitamin, 18 saccharides and alcohols, and 20 unassigned metabolites), 71 phenolic acids, 52 amino acids and derivatives, 18 alkaloids, 61 lipids, 24 terpenoids, 33 nucleotides and derivatives, 18 lignans and coumarins, 12 tannins, 30 organic acids) were identified, of which 281 differentially accumulated metabolites, including 146 up-regulated metabolites and 135 down-regulated metabolites. The result of clustering and PCA analyses showed that young and mature leaves were separated, which indicated that there was a great difference in metabolites between young and mature leaves. Meanwhile, we also found that both young and mature leaves displayed unique metabolites with important biological functions. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 90 of the differential metabolites were mainly concentrated in 68 KEGG pathways. The result will greatly complement the existing knowledge on the D. delavayi leaves for lays a foundation for subsequent development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xia
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Can Chen
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuchang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Anan Duan
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement & Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement & Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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20
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Sohel M, Sultana H, Sultana T, Al Amin M, Aktar S, Ali MC, Rahim ZB, Hossain MA, Al Mamun A, Amin MN, Dash R. Chemotherapeutic potential of hesperetin for cancer treatment, with mechanistic insights: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08815. [PMID: 35128104 PMCID: PMC8810372 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer has become a significant concern in the medical sector with increasing disease complexity. Although some available conventional treatments are still a blessing for cancer patients, short-and long-term adverse effects and poor efficiency make it more difficult to treat cancer patients, demonstrating the need for new potent and selective anticancer drugs. In search of potent anticancer agents, naturally occurring compounds have always been admired due to their structural diversity, where Hesperetin (HSP) may be one of the potent candidates. PURPOSE We aimed to summarize all sources, pharmacological properties, anticancer activities of HSP against numerous cancers types through targeting multiple pathological processes, mechanism of HSP on sensitizing the current anti-cancer agents and other phytochemicals, overcoming resistance pattern and determining absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADME/Tox). METHODS Information was retrieved from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar based on some key points like Hesperetin, cancer name, anticancer resistance, nanoformulation, and ADME/Tox was determined by in silico approaches. RESULT HSP is a phytoestrogen present in citrus fruits in a high concentration (several hundred mg/kg) and exhibited anti-cancer activities through interfering at several pathways. HSP can suppress tumor formation by targeting several cellular proteins such as cell cycle regulatory, apoptosis, metastatic, tyrosine kinase, growth factor receptor, estrogen metabolism, and antioxidant-related protein.HSP has shown remarkable synergistic properties in combination therapy and has been reported to overcome multidrug cancer resistance drugs, leading to an improved defensive mechanism. These anticancer activities of HSP may be due to proper structural chemistry. CONCLUSION Overall, HSP showed potential anticancer activities against all cancer and possess better pharmacokinetic properties. So this phytochemical alone or combination with other agents can be an effective alternative drug for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Habiba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tayeba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Al Amin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Suraiya Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Chayan Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Zahed Bin Rahim
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Arju Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nurul Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Pratyasha Health Biomedical Research Center, Dhaka 1230 Bangladesh
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
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21
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Yang R, Wen J, Yang T, Dai C, Zhao Y. Evodiamine Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation via PTEN-Mediated EGF/PI3K Signaling Pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021; 2021:5570831. [PMID: 34824590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5570831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims In this study, the pharmacological effects and potential molecular mechanisms of evodiamine in treating gastric cancer (GC) were investigated. Methods GC cells lines of AGS and BGC-823 were treated with evodiamine at various concentrations for different times (24, 48, and 72 h). Inhibition of the proliferation of AGS and BGC-823 cells was assessed using a CCK-8 assay. The morphology of gastric cancer cells was detected by high-content screening (HCS). The apoptosis-inducing effect of evodiamine on AGS and BGC-823 cells was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assay. The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN-mediated EGF/PI3K signaling pathways were investigated via RT-qPCR or western blotting, respectively. Results Evodiamine substantially inhibited AGS and BGC-823 cells proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that evodiamine could induce apoptosis of AGS and BGC-823 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, evodiamine inhibited AGS and BGC-823 cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, the results demonstrated that evodiamine promoted the relative mRNA and protein expression of PTEN and decreased expression of EGF, EGFR, PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, and mTOR. Most importantly, evodiamine could effectively increase the mRNA and protein expression of PTEN and decrease the protein expression of EGF/PI3K pathway, indicating that evodiamine downregulated EGF/PI3K through the activation of PTEN pathway. Conclusion Evodiamine inhibited the directional migration and invasion of GC cells by inhibiting PTEN-mediated EGF/PI3K signaling pathway. These findings revealed that evodiamine might serve as a potential candidate for the treatment or prevention of GC.
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22
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Zhang L, Xiao Y, Yang R, Wang S, Ma S, Liu J, Xiao W, Wang Y. Systems pharmacology to reveal multi-scale mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine for gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22149. [PMID: 34773055 PMCID: PMC8589993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01535-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the complex etiology, the treatment of gastric cancer is a formidable challenge for contemporary medical. The current treatment method focuses on traditional surgical procedures, supplemented by other treatments. Among these other treatments, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) plays an important role. Here, we used the systems pharmacology approach to reveal the potential molecular mechanism of PRGRC on gastric cancer which composes of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.) Breit., Rheum palmatumL., Gentiana scabraBunge, Radix Aucklandiae and Citrus aurantium L. This approach combines pharmacokinetics analysis with pharmacodynamics evaluation for the active compounds screening, targets prediction and pathways assessing. Firstly, through pharmacokinetic evaluation and target prediction models, 83 potential compounds and 184 gastric cancer-related targets were screened out. Then, the results of network analysis suggested that the targets of PRGRC were mainly involved two aspects: apoptosis and inflammation. Finally, we verified the reliability of the above analysis at the cellular level by using naringenin and luteolin with good pharmacokinetic activity as representative compounds. Overall, we found that PRGRC could influence the development of gastric cancer from a multi-scale perspective. This study provided a new direction for analyzing the mechanism of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - ShuangXin Ma
- Lab of Systems Pharmacology, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, 222002, China.
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China.
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23
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Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an oncogenic virus, has two life cycle modes: the latent and lytic phases. KSHV lytic reactivation is important for both viral propagation and KSHV-induced tumorigenesis. The KSHV replication and transcription activator (RTA) protein is essential for lytic reactivation. Hesperetin, a citrus polyphenolic flavonoid, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, cardiovascular and anti-tumour effects. However, the effects of hesperetin on KSHV replication and KSHV-induced tumorigenesis have not yet been reported. Here, we report that hesperetin induces apoptotic cell death in BCBL-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Hesperetin inhibits KSHV reactivation and reduces the production of progeny virus from KSHV-harbouring cells. We also confirmed that HIF1α promotes the RTA transcriptional activities and lytic cycle-refractory state of KSHV-infected cells. Hesperetin suppresses HIF1α expression to inhibit KSHV lytic reactivation. These results suggest that hesperetin may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of KSHV infection and KSHV-associated lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Long
- Central Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Guo-Hua Zhao
- Neurology Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yao Wu
- Central Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, PR China
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24
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AL-Ishaq RK, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Enzymatic Metabolism of Flavonoids by Gut Microbiota and Its Impact on Gastrointestinal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3934. [PMID: 34439088 PMCID: PMC8394324 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a prevalent global health disease with a massive burden on health care providers. Internal and external factors such as obesity, smoking, diet (red meat), low socioeconomic status and infection with Helicobacter pylori are the critical risk factors of GI cancers. Flavonoids are natural phenolic compounds found abundantly in fruits and vegetables. Upon ingestion, 90% of flavonoids consumed require further enzymatic metabolism by the gut microbiome to enhance their bioavailability and absorption. Several epidemiological studies reported that consumption of flavonoids and their enzymatic conversion by gut microbes is strongly associated with the reduced risk of GI cancer development. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the enzymatic conversion of flavonoids by the human gut microbiome. It also addresses the underlying anti-GI cancer effects on metabolic pathways such as apoptosis and cellular proliferation. Overall, metabolites produced from flavonoid's enzymatic conversion illustrate anti-GI cancer effects, but the mechanisms of action need further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar;
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25
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Zheng W, Wang J, Wu J, Wang T, Huang Y, Liang X, Cao L. Exploration of the Modulatory Property Mechanism of ELeng Capsule in the Treatment of Endometriosis Using Transcriptomics Combined With Systems Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:674874. [PMID: 34220510 PMCID: PMC8249582 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.674874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease and causes severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Growing evidence showed that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an active role in the treatment of endometriosis. ELeng Capsule (ELC) is a Chinese medicine formula used for the treatment of endometriosis for several years. However, the mechanisms of ELC have not been fully characterized. In this study, network pharmacology and mRNA transcriptome analysis were used to study various therapeutic targets in ELC. As a result, 40 compounds are identified, and 75 targets overlapped with endometriosis-related proteins. The mechanism of ELC for the treatment of endometriosis is based on the function modules of inducing apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, and regulating immunity mainly through signaling molecules and interaction (neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction), immune system-associated pathways (toll-like receptor signaling pathway), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, and MAPK signaling pathway based on network pharmacology. In addition, based on RNA-sequence analysis, we found that the mechanism of ELC was predominantly associated with the regulation of the function modules of actin and cytoskeleton, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), focal adhesion, and immunity-associated pathways. In conclusion, ELC exerted beneficial effects on endometriosis, and the potential mechanism could be realized through functional modules, such as inducing apoptosis and regulating angiogenesis, cytoskeleton, and EMT. This work not only provides insights into the therapeutic mechanism of TCM for treating endometriosis but also offers an efficient way for drug discovery and development from herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zheng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangxue Huang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefang Liang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixing Cao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Palit P, Chattopadhyay D, Thomas S, Kundu A, Kim HS, Rezaei N. Phytopharmaceuticals mediated Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor blocking: can it be a potential therapeutic option for Covid-19? Phytomedicine 2021; 85:153396. [PMID: 33380375 PMCID: PMC7591300 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak creates global panic across the continents, as people from almost all countries and territories have been affected by this highly contagious viral disease. The scenario is deteriorating due to lack of proper & specific target-oriented pharmacologically safe prophylactic agents or drugs, and or any effective vaccine. drug development is urgently required to back in the normalcy in the community and to combat this pandemic. PURPOSE Thus, we have proposed two novel drug targets, Furin and TMPRSS2, as Covid-19 treatment strategy. We have highlighted this target-oriented novel drug delivery strategy, based on their pathophysiological implication on SARS-CoV-2 infection, as evident from earlier SARS-CoV-1, MERS, and influenza virus infection via host cell entry, priming, fusion, and endocytosis. STUDY DESIGN & METHODS: An earlier study suggested that Furin and TMPRSS2 knockout mice had reduced level of viral load and a lower degree of organ damage such as the lung. The present study thus highlights the promise of some selected novel and potential anti-viral Phytopharmaceutical that bind to Furin and TMPRSS2 as target. RESULT Few of them had shown promising anti-viral response in both preclinical and clinical study with acceptable therapeutic safety-index. CONCLUSION Hence, this strategy may limit life-threatening Covid-19 infection and its mortality rate through nano-suspension based intra-nasal or oral nebulizer spray, to treat mild to moderate SARS-COV-2 infection when Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor may initiate to express and activate for processing the virus to cause cellular infection by replication within the host cell and blocking of host-viral interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Palit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, Assam-788011 India.
| | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, 590010, India; ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, India.
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala 686 560, India.
| | - Amit Kundu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14194, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Wang SW, Sheng H, Zheng F, Zhang F. Hesperetin promotes DOT1L degradation and reduces histone H3K79 methylation to inhibit gastric cancer metastasis. Phytomedicine 2021; 84:153499. [PMID: 33667841 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been many researches on the effects of flavonoids on tumor treatment or adjuvant therapy, but there are few studies revealing their epigenetic effect on tumors. Hesperetin is a common citrus flavanone widely distributed among citrus fruits. The role of hesperetin in gastric cancer metastasis is unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the effect of hesperetin on gastric cancer metastasis and its underlying mechanism. METHODS We used cancer cell lines cultured in medium and nude mice implantation as in vitro and in vivo models to investigate the impact of hesperetin treatment on the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. The molecular biological experiments such as transwell assay, western blotting, qPCR, ChIP-qPCR, immunostaining and transfection were conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS We found that hesperetin obviously reduced the protein abundance of DOT1L and the methylation of histone H3K79 in a variety of cells. In gastric cancer cells, the treatment of hesperetin decreased cell migration and invasion and the expression of genes closely related to the metastatic capability. Mechanistically, hesperetin affected the stability of DOT1L protein by regulating the activity of CBP. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the epigenetic effect of hesperetin and provide a new perspective to understand the tumor suppressive effect of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wei Wang
- Quzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Quzhou 324000, China; Department of Core Facility, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Hao Sheng
- Quzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Quzhou 324000, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Core Facility, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Quzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Quzhou 324000, China; Department of Core Facility, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China.
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28
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Salehi B, Cruz-Martins N, Butnariu M, Sarac I, Bagiu IC, Ezzat SM, Wang J, Koay A, Sheridan H, Adetunji CO, Semwal P, Schoebitz M, Martorell M, Sharifi-Rad J. Hesperetin's health potential: moving from preclinical to clinical evidence and bioavailability issues, to upcoming strategies to overcome current limitations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4449-4464. [PMID: 33491467 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1875979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are common in the plant kingdom and many of them have shown a wide spectrum of bioactive properties. Hesperetin (Hst), the aglycone form of hesperidin, is a great example, and is the most abundant flavonoid found in Citrus plants. This review aims to provide an overview on the in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies reporting the Hst pharmacological effects and to discuss the bioavailability-related issues. Preclinical studies have shown promising effects on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, carbohydrate dysregulation, bone health, and other pathologies. Clinical studies have supported the Hst promissory effects as cardioprotective and neuroprotective agent. However, further well-designed clinical trials are needed to address the other Hst effects observed in preclinical trials, as well as to a more in-depth understanding of its safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Sarac
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia-Cristina Bagiu
- Timisoara, Discipline of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Jinfan Wang
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aaron Koay
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Sheridan
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University Iyamho, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.,Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mauricio Schoebitz
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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