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Wang CX, Wang B, Sun JJ, Xiao CY, Ma H, Jia FY, Li HH. Circulating retinol and 25(OH)D contents and their association with symptoms in children with chronic tic disorders. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1017-1028. [PMID: 37166521 PMCID: PMC11032271 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study measured serum levels of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D (VD) in children with chronic tic disorders (CTD) and investigated their potential association with CTD and comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the association of their co-insufficiencies or deficiencies with CTD symptoms. A total of 176 children (131 boys and 45 girls, median age of 9 years) with CTD were recruited as the CTD group. During the same period, 154 healthy children were selected as the healthy control (HC) cohort. Circulating retinol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured for all participants using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) was employed for the assessment of tic status and CTD impairment. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) were used to evaluate comorbidity symptoms. CTD pediatric participants exhibited markedly diminished circulating retinol and 25(OH)D levels compared to HCs. Moreover, VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were more prevalent in CTD participants than HCs. Circulating 25(OH)D levels were inversely proportional to the YGTSS motor tic scores. YGTSS scores in CTD children with only VA or VD insufficiency or deficiency or with VA and VD co-insufficiency/deficiency did not differ from those in CTD children with normal VA and VD. CTD children with comorbid ADHD displayed reduced circulating retinol and 25(OH)D concentrations and elevated prevalence of VD deficiency compared to CTD participants without comorbid ADHD. Lower serum retinol content was intricately linked to the presence of elevated CTD and comorbid ADHD. VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were markedly enhanced in CTD pediatric participants compared to HCs. Lower VA concentration was linked to the presence of enhanced CTD and comorbid ADHD. Therefore, children with CTD, especially with comorbid ADHD, may be at a higher risk of VA or VD deficiency, which may prompt the clinicians to consider whether blood tests for VA and VD in CTD children would be helpful for clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xin Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jian-Jian Sun
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Chun-Ying Xiao
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Hua Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Jiang Y, Li Y, Chen X, Zhai R, Peng Y, Tai R, Zhou C, Wang J. Biomarkers and Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1262057. [PMID: 38385037 PMCID: PMC10879287 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1262057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This research aims to investigate whether peripheral biomarkers might differentiate individuals with Tourette syndrome (TS) from those without the condition. Methods A broad range of databases was searched through November 2022. This study employed a systematic literature review and subsequent meta-analysis of case-control studies that assessed the aberration of biomarkers of patients with TS and controls. Results A total of 81 studies were identified, out of which 60 met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Following a meticulous screening procedure to determine the feasibility of incorporating case-control studies into the meta-analysis, 13 comparisons were statistically significant [CD3+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, CD4+ T cell to CD8+ T cell ratio, NK-cell, anti-streptolysin O antibodies, anti-DNase antibodies, glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), ferritin (Fe), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), vitamin D, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)]. Publication bias was found for anti-streptolysin O antibodies. Suggestive associations were evidenced for norsalsolinol (NSAL), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and S100B. Conclusion In this study, we present empirical evidence substantiating the link between several peripheral biomarkers and the early diagnosis of TS. Larger and more standardized studies are necessary to replicate the observed results, elucidate the specificity of the biomarkers for TS, and evaluate their precision for use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Junhong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Hu J, Feng Y, Su H, Xu Z, Ho HC, Zheng H, Zhang W, Tao J, Wu K, Hossain MZ, Zhang Y, Hu K, Huang C, Cheng J. Seasonal peak and the role of local weather in schizophrenia occurrence: A global analysis of epidemiological evidence. Sci Total Environ 2023; 899:165658. [PMID: 37478950 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have shown that the onset of schizophrenia peaked in certain months within a year and the local weather conditions could affect the morbidity risk of schizophrenia. This study aimed to conduct a systematic analysis of schizophrenia seasonality in different countries of the world and to explore the effects of weather factors globally. METHODS We searched three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) for eligible studies published up to September 2022. Schizophrenia seasonality was compared between hemispheres and within China. A meta-analysis was conducted to pool excess risk (ER, absolute percentage increase in risk) of the onset of schizophrenia associated with various weather factors including temperature (an increase or decrease of temperature as a reflection of high or low temperature; heatwave; temperature variation), precipitation, etc. RESULTS: We identified 84 relevant articles from 22 countries, mainly in China. The seasonality analysis found that the onset of schizophrenia mostly peaked in the cold season in the southern hemisphere but in the warm season in the northern hemisphere. Interestingly in China, schizophrenia seasonality presented two peaks, respectively in the late cold and warm seasons. The meta-analysis further revealed an increased risk of schizophrenia after short-term exposure to high temperature [ER%: 0.45 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.14 % to 0.76 %)], low temperature [ER%: 0.52 % (95%CI: 0.29 % to 0.75 %)], heatwave [ER%: 7.26 % (95%CI: 4.45 % to 10.14 %)], temperature variation [ER%: 1.02 % (95%CI: 0.55 % to 1.50 %)], extreme precipitation [ER%: 3.96 % (95%CI: 2.29 % to 5.67 %)]. The effect of other weather factors such as sunlight on schizophrenia was scarcely investigated with inconsistent findings. CONCLUSION This study provided evidence of intra- and inter-country variations in schizophrenia seasonality, especially the double-peak seasons in China. Exposure to local weather conditions mainly temperature changes and precipitation could affect the onset risk of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Yufan Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hung Chak Ho
- Department of Public and International Affairs, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Environmental Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Junwen Tao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Keyu Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Mohammad Zahid Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kejia Hu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, China.
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De Masi R, Orlando S, Leo C, Pasca M, Anzilli L, Costa MC. Multi-Criterial Model for Weighting Biological Risk Factors in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and Health Insurance Implications. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2420. [PMID: 37685453 PMCID: PMC10487566 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) remains undetermined. Its pathogenic risk factors are thought to play a negligible role individually in the development of the disease, instead assuming a pathogenic role when they interact with each other. Unfortunately, the statistical weighting of this pathogenic role in predicting MS risk is currently elusive, preventing clinical and health insurance applications. Here, we aim to develop a population-based multi-criterial model for weighting biological risk factors in MS; also, to calculate the individual MS risk value useful for health insurance application. Accordingly, among 596 MS patients retrospectively assessed at the time of diagnosis, the value of vitamin D < 10 nm/L, BMI (Body Mass Index) < 15 Kg/m2 and >30 Kg/m2, female sex, degree of family kinship, and the range of age at onset of 20-45 years were considered as biological risk factors for MS. As a result, in a 30-year-old representative patient having a BMI of 15 and second degree of family kinship for MS, the major developmental contributor for disease is the low vitamin D serum level of 10 nm/L, resulting in an MS risk of 0.110 and 0.106 for female and male, respectively. Furthermore, the Choquet integral applied to uncertain variables, such as biological risk factors, evidenced the family kinship as the main contributor, especially if coincident with the others, to the MS risk. This model allows, for the first time, for the risk stratification of getting sick and the application of the health insurance in people at risk for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Masi
- Complex Operative Unit of Neurology, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, Casarano, 73042 Lecce, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, Casarano, 73042 Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefania Orlando
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, Casarano, 73042 Lecce, Italy
| | - Chiara Leo
- Department of Management, Economics, Mathematics and Statistics, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Matteo Pasca
- Complex Operative Unit of Neurology, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, Casarano, 73042 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Anzilli
- Department of Management, Economics, Mathematics and Statistics, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Costa
- Complex Operative Unit of Ophthalmology, “V. Fazzi” Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Xiaoxia L, Jilong J, Xianrui C, Yanhui C. Vitamin D status and tic disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1173741. [PMID: 37325365 PMCID: PMC10267821 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1173741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Tic disorders (TD) are a common neurodevelopmental disorder, it can be divided into transient tic disorder (TTD), chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD), and Tourette syndrome (TS). Our research is to evaluate the clinical relationship between tic disorders and vitamin D level in children. Methods Online databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase digital knowledge service platform, were checked up to June 2022 for relevant observational studies published in Chinese and English. A random-effects model was incorporated to summarize the study results. The RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results Out of 132 retrieved articles, 13 observational studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis, comparing serum Vitamin D levels between children with TD and HC (healthy controls), including different subtypes of TD (TTD, CTD and TS). The results showed that the serum vitamin D levels in the TD group were lower than those in the HC group (MD = -6.64, 95% CI: -9.36 to -3.93, P < 0.001, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 94%). There were no statistically significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the CTD group (MD = 3.84, 95% CI: -0.59 to 8.26, P = 0.09, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 90%), or between the CTD group and the TS group (MD = 1.06, 95% CI: -0.04 to 2.16, P = 0.0, Heterogeneity test: P = 0.54, I2 = 0%). However, there was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the TS group (MD = 5.24, 95% CI: 0.68-9.80, P = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 92%). The study also found a statistically significant difference in the ratio of male children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07-2.03, P = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 74%), but no statistically significant difference in the age of children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: -0.33 to 1.24, P = 0.25, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 96%). Conclusions Our meta-analysis showed that the vitamin D level of children with TD was lower than that of healthy children. However, there was no difference between the subgroup. Due to the limitations of included studies in research design and diagnostic criteria, large samples, multi-center and high-quality studies are still needed for further analysis and confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiaoxia
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiang Jilong
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Xianrui
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Xiamen Rehabilitation Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen Yanhui
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Hajeer S, Nasr F, Nabha S, Saab MB, Harati H, Desoutter A, Al Ahmar E, Estephan E. Association between vitamin D deficiency and multiple sclerosis- MRI significance: A scoping review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15754. [PMID: 37180903 PMCID: PMC10172888 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Multiple Sclerosis is a common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Several studies suggested a link between vitamin D deficiency and multiple sclerosis disease activity, which can be evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. Thereby, the main objective of the following scoping review is to summarize the magnetic resonance imaging findings assessing the probable effects of vitamin D on MS disease activity. Methodology PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews and meta-analyses was employed to structure this review. Literature was searched for observational and clinical studies tackling the given matter using several search engines including PubMed, CORE, and Embase. Data was extracted in a systematic manner, and the articles meeting the inclusion criteria were quality-assessed by Jadad scale for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies. Results A total of 35 articles were included. Twenty-one (60%) studies noted a statistically significant association between vitamin D and Multiple Sclerosis MRI-detected disease activity. MRI-detected features involved lower contrast-enhancing T1 lesions, lower hyperintense T2 lesions, and a decrease in lesions volume. On the other hand, 40% (14 articles) of the articles did not detect any significant effect of vitamin D on Multiple Sclerosis disease activity. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies involved, meta-analysis was not employed in the given review. Discussion/conclusion There was an abundance in the number of research studies investigating the relationship between vitamin D and Multiple Sclerosis while highlighting the significant role of MRI in assessing the activity of the disease. Numerous studies found that higher serum vitamin D levels are associated with decreased new active cortical and subcortical lesions and lower lesions volume. These findings highlight the importance of imaging modalities in the various aspects of neurological diseases and encourage further research to focus on the preventive effects of vitamin D on MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorouk Hajeer
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Nasr
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Nabha
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marie-belle Saab
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Furn-El-Chebbak, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Harati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Elie Al Ahmar
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Elias Estephan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- LBN, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Corresponding author. LBN, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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ESNAFOGLU E. Investigation of the relationship between vitamin D and peripheral inflammatory parameters in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi 2023. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.1179272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D and some nutritional factors such as vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and ferritin, which play a role in the pathogenesis of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), on inflammation, which is also claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD.
Materials and methods: 39 ADHD and 39 healthy controls were compared with similar age, gender and BMI. The severity of the disease was evaluated with the Turgay ADHD scale. Inflammatory and nutritional parameters were measured routinely.
Results: In the patient group, Vitamin D was found to be significantly lower (p
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Esnafoglu E, Subaşı B. Association of low 25-OH-vitamin D levels and peripheral inflammatory markers in patients with autism spectrum disorder: Vitamin D and inflammation in Autism. Psychiatry Res 2022; 316:114735. [PMID: 35878480 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory mechanisms and Vitamin D are reported to play important roles in the pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). There are ample evidences that vitamin D has an anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we aimed, for the first time, to investigate the 25-OH-vitamin D with inflammation markers in ASD patients. The study included 154 patients with ASD and 98 healthy subjects. 25-OH-Vitamin D levels and simple peripheral inflammatory markers such as Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and, sedimentation were measured in all subjects. K-SADS-PL-DSM 5 were administered to all subjects to evaluate the psychiatric diagnosis. Childhood Autism Rating Scale was used to asses severity of autism. In the patient group, high CRP rate, leukocyte, neutrophil and NLR were significantly high compared to the healthy control group. 25-OH-Vitamin D levels were found to be statistically significantly lower in the ASD group. While a significant negative correlation was found between 25-OH-Vitamin D and CRP, NLR, neutrophil counts in ASD patients, a positive correlation was found between lymphocyte counts. Especially in male ASD patients, the relationship between 25-OH-Vitamin D and inflammation markers was more pronounced. Our findings support the association of vitamin D and inflammation in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Esnafoglu
- Depatment of Child and Adolescent Pychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu Universtiy, Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Cocuk Psikiyatrisi Poliklinigi, Bucak Mah, Ordu 52200, Turkey.
| | - Burak Subaşı
- Department of Psychiatry, Kayseri City Traning and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Jiang G, Yu H. Vitamin D receptor gene variants and serum vitamin D in childhood autism spectrum disorder. Mol Biol Rep 2022. [PMID: 35953654 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07829-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the correlation between polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and serum vitamin D, and to determine their role in predicting childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). METHODS Children with ASD and age- and gender- matched healthy controls were recruited from the Chinese Han population. Their serum 25(OH) vitamin D was measured using competitive chemiluminescent immunoassays. The TaqMan probe approach was applied to analyze the common VDR SNPs rs731236 (Taq1), rs11568820 (Cdx2), rs1544410 (BsmI), and rs228570 (FokI). Both linear and logistic regressions were applied in data analysis. RESULTS A total of 269 children with ASD and 320 healthy controls were recruited. Children with ASD had significantly lower levels of serum vitamin D and a significantly higher rate of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/ml) compared to healthy controls (67.7% vs 34.1%). All these examined VDR SNPs were not correlated with serum vitamin D concentrations or vitamin D deficiency. Logistic regression analysis revealed that rs731236 and serum vitamin D were associated with childhood ASD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.7285 for serum vitamin D. Children with both T/C genotype of rs731236 and vitamin D deficiency had a higher risk of being diagnosed with ASD. CONCLUSION All examined common VDR SNPs are not correlated with serum vitamin D concentrations or vitamin D deficiency. The combination of T/C phenotype of rs731236 and vitamin D deficiency are associated with a higher risk of childhood ASD. Vitamin D is a promising target in the prevention and treatment of this disease.
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Aksoy Aydemir G, Yetkin E, Aydemir E, Bolu S, Asik A. Changes in the macular choroidal thickness of children who have type-1 diabetes mellitus, with and without vitamin D deficiency. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 42:1875-1884. [PMID: 35088355 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-02185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular choroidal thickness (CT) of children who have Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), both with and without vitamin D deficiency (VDD). METHODS The prospective, case-control study herein comprised that included 46 children with DM and VDD (Group 1), 42 children with DM and normal vitamin D levels (Group 2), and 73 healthy children (Control group). The peripapillary RNFL thickness and macular CT were measured at three different points (subfoveal, 1500 μm nasal, and 1500 μm temporal from the fovea) and compared. RESULTS The subfoveal, 1500 μm nasal, and 1500 μm temporal CT values were determined to be lower in the patients in Group 1 and Group 2 when compared to those in the Control group (P < 0.001). The same parameters were determined to be lower in the patients in Group 1 when compared to those in Group 2, although this difference was not found to be statistically significant (P > 0.05). In all of the quadrants, the RNFL thickness was determined to be similar between the groups, with P > 0.05 for all of the groups, except for the nasal quadrant (P = 0.031). In the correlation analysis of the patients in Group 1, it was revealed that a positive correlation existed between the CT and the vitamin D levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The choroids of pediatric diabetic children were thinner when compared to those of healthy children. The alterations in these parameters were more prominent in subjects who were determined to have lower levels of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Aksoy Aydemir
- Ophthalmology Department, Adıyaman University Research and Training Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey.
| | - Esat Yetkin
- Ophthalmology Department, Midyat State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Emre Aydemir
- Ophthalmology Department, Adıyaman University Research and Training Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Semih Bolu
- Department of Pediatrics Endocrinology, Adıyaman University Research and Training Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Abdulvahit Asik
- Department of Pediatrics, Adıyaman University Research and Training Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
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Dong HY, Feng JY, Li HH, Yue XJ, Jia FY. Non-parental caregivers, low maternal education, gastrointestinal problems and high blood lead level: predictors related to the severity of autism spectrum disorder in Northeast China. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:11. [PMID: 34980074 PMCID: PMC8722278 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased rapidly in recent years. Environmental factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASD. These factors may include socioeconomic factors, nutritional factors, heavy metal exposure, air pollution, etc. Our aim is to analyze possible environmental factors associated with the severity of ASD. Methods All participating children were divided into two groups (mild and moderate/severe) according to the severity of their symptoms, as determined by their Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores. The socioeconomic, demographic factors and the nutritional factors that may affect the severity of ASD were included in the logistic regression to analyze whether they were predictors that affected the severity of ASD. Results Logistic regression showed that caregivers(P = 0.042), maternal education (P = 0.030), gastrointestinal problems (P = 0.041) and a high serum concentration of lead (P = 0.003) were statistically significantly associated with ASD severity. Conclusion Many environmental factors affect the severity of ASD. We concluded that non-parental caregivers, low maternal education, gastrointestinal problems and high blood lead level maybe predictors that affected the severity of ASD in northeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Dong
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun-Yan Feng
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong-Hua Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yue
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.
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12
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Bond M, Moll N, Rosello A, Bond R, Schnell J, Burger B, Hoekstra PJ, Dietrich A, Schrag A, Kocovska E, Martino D, Mueller N, Schwarz M, Meier UC. Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with chronic tic disorders: a multicentre study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:1-12. [PMID: 33851280 PMCID: PMC9343310 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether vitamin D is associated with the presence or severity of chronic tic disorders and their psychiatric comorbidities. This cross-sectional study compared serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] (ng/ml) levels among three groups: children and adolescents (3-16 years) with CTD (n = 327); first-degree relatives (3-10 years) of individuals with CTD who were assessed for a period of up to 7 years for possible onset of tics and developed tics within this period (n = 31); and first-degree relatives who did not develop tics and were ≥ 10 years old at their last assessment (n = 93). The relationship between 25(OH)D and the presence and severity of tics, as well as comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), were analysed controlling for age, sex, season, centre, latitude, family relatedness, and comorbidities. When comparing the CTD cohort to the unaffected cohort, the observed result was contrary to the one expected: a 10 ng/ml increase in 25(OH)D was associated with higher odds of having CTD (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.27-3.42, p < 0.01). There was no association between 25(OH)D and tic severity. However, a 10 ng/ml increase in 25(OH)D was associated with lower odds of having comorbid ADHD within the CTD cohort (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.84, p = 0.01) and was inversely associated with ADHD symptom severity (β = - 2.52, 95% CI - 4.16-0.88, p < 0.01). In conclusion, lower vitamin D levels were not associated with a higher presence or severity of tics but were associated with the presence and severity of comorbid ADHD in children and adolescents with CTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Bond
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London, E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Natalie Moll
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alicia Rosello
- Statistics, Modelling and Economic Department, National Infection Service, PHE, London, UK ,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Rod Bond
- University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Jaana Schnell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bianka Burger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pieter J. Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Dietrich
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anette Schrag
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eva Kocovska
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London, E1 2AT UK
| | - Davide Martino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Norbert Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ute-Christiane Meier
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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13
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Meier UC, Ramagopalan S, Müller N. Editorial: Environmental risk factors and inflammation in psychiatric and neurological disease. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1080761. [PMID: 36569630 PMCID: PMC9769188 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1080761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ute-Christiane Meier
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Norbert Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
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14
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Wang S, Xu Q, Wang A, Yuan F, Luo X, Wang Y, Guo M, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Ji X, Ren Y, Chen Y. Correlation Between Tic Disorders and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Chinese Children. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:833371. [PMID: 35615632 PMCID: PMC9124939 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.833371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and tic disorders (TDs) in Chinese children. METHODS We selected 2960 children with TD and 2665 healthy controls, aged 5-14 years, from the Department of Neurology of the Shanghai Children's Hospital. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and degrees of vitamin D deficiency were compared between patients with TD and healthy children. RESULTS The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in the TD group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the TD group was significantly higher than that in the control group. However, there was no correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and the severity of TD. In addition, for age-wise comparison, mean levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and its deficiency in the TD group were the most significant in children over 9 years of age. CONCLUSION There is a correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and TD in Chinese children, but not between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and the severity of TD. There was a correlation between age and deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D; this deficiency was most pronounced among those over the age of 9 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanmei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaona Luo
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Ji
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Ren
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yucai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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15
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de Bruyn JR, Bossuyt P, Ferrante M, West RL, Dijkstra G, Witteman BJ, Wildenberg M, Hoentjen F, Franchimont D, Clasquin E, van der Bilt JD, Tollens T, Bemelman WA, D'Hoore A, Duijvestein M, D'Haens GR; Dutch-Belgian The Effect of Vitamin D3 to Prevent Postoperative Relapse of Crohn’s Disease: A Placebo-controlled Randomized Trial Study Group. High-Dose Vitamin D Does Not Prevent Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn's Disease in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 19:1573-1582.e5. [PMID: 32461138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Vitamin D deficiency is common in Crohn's disease (CD). High-dose vitamin D had anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical studies and trials of patients with CD. We performed a randomized trial to determine whether high-dose vitamin D prevents postoperative recurrence of CD after ileocolonic resection. METHODS Patients with CD after ileocolonic resection with ileocolonic anastomosis were assigned randomly to groups given weekly 25,000 IU oral vitamin D (n = 72) or placebo (n = 71) for 26 weeks, at 17 hospitals in The Netherlands and Belgium, from February 2014 through June 2017. Patients were assessed at baseline and at weeks 2, 6, 12, and 26 for laboratory and clinical parameters, and underwent ileocolonoscopy at 26 weeks. The primary end point was endoscopic recurrence (modified Rutgeerts score, ≥i2b, as assessed by blinded readers) at 26 weeks. Secondary end points included clinical recurrence (Crohn's disease activity index, ≥220), quality of life (measured by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, and EuroQol, a 5-dimension questionnaire), and outcomes associated with the baseline serum concentration of vitamin D. RESULTS In the vitamin D group, serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D increased from a median of 42 nmol/L at baseline to 81 nmol/L at week 26 (P < .00001), whereas levels did not change significantly in the placebo group and remained unchanged at 43 nmol/L. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the proportion of patients with endoscopic recurrence at 26 weeks did not differ significantly between the vitamin D vs the placebo group (58% vs 66%; P = .37). The cumulative rate of clinical recurrence did not differ significantly between the groups (18.1% in the vitamin D group vs 18.3% in the placebo group; P = .91). Quality of life improved slightly over time in both groups, but did not differ significantly between groups (P = .07). There were few adverse events in either group. CONCLUSIONS High-dose vitamin D, compared with placebo, did not reduce the incidence of postoperative endoscopic or clinical recurrence of CD in patients who underwent ileocolonic resection with ileocolonic anastomosis. ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT02010762.
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16
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Werneke U, Gaughran F, Taylor DM. Vitamin D in the time of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic - a clinical review from a public health and public mental health perspective. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2021; 11:20451253211027699. [PMID: 34290856 PMCID: PMC8274110 DOI: 10.1177/20451253211027699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with serious mental disorders (SMD) may have a higher risk of vitamin D (VIT-D) deficiency. They also experience higher mortality because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Therefore, we have conducted a comprehensive review to examine the significance of VIT-D for public health and public mental health during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This review had three specific aims, from a global perspective to (a) create a profile of VIT-D and review the epidemiology of VIT-D deficiency, (b) explore VIT-D deficiency as risk factor for SMD and COVID-19 infections and (c) examine the effectiveness of VIT-D supplementation for both conditions. We found that, in terms of SMD, the evidence from laboratory and observational studies points towards some association between VIT-D deficiency and depression or schizophrenia. Mendelian randomisation studies, however, suggest no, or reverse, causality. The evidence from intervention studies is conflicting. Concerning COVID-19 infection, on proof of principle, VIT-D could provide a plausible defence against the infection itself and against an adverse clinical course. But data from observational studies and the first preliminary intervention studies remain conflicting, with stronger evidence that VIT-D may mitigate the clinical course of COVID-19 infection rather than the risk of infection in the first place. From a public health and public mental health point of view, based on the currently limited knowledge, for individuals with SMD, the benefits of VIT-D optimisation through supplementation seem to outweigh the risks. VIT-D supplementation, however, should not substitute for vaccination or medical care for COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Werneke
- Sunderby Research Unit – Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College and National Psychosis Service, South London & the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David M. Taylor
- Maudsley Hospital, Pharmacy Department Denmark Hill, King’s College London and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, UK
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17
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Liang Y, Yu H, Ke X, Eyles D, Sun R, Wang Z, Huang S, Lin L, McGrath JJ, Lu J, Guo X, Yao P. Vitamin D deficiency worsens maternal diabetes induced neurodevelopmental disorder by potentiating hyperglycemia-mediated epigenetic changes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1491:74-88. [PMID: 33305416 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that vitamin D (VD) deficiency may be a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia, although causative mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential role and effect of VD on maternal diabetes induced autism-related phenotypes. The in vitro study found that enhancing genomic VD signaling by overexpressing the VD receptor (VDR) in human neural progenitor cells ACS-5003 protects against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation by activating Nrf2 and its target genes, including SOD2 and HMOX1, and accordingly, VDR gene knockdown worsens the problem. In the two in vivo models we explored, maternal diabetes was used to establish an animal model of relevance to ASD, and mice lacking 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase (the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3) were used to develop a model of VD deficiency (VDD). We show that although prenatal VDD itself does not produce ASD-relevant phenotypes, it significantly potentiates maternal diabetes induced epigenetic modifications and autism-related phenotypes. Postnatal manipulation of VD has no effect on maternal diabetes induced autism-related phenotypes. We conclude that VDD potentiates maternal diabetes induced autism-related phenotypes in offspring by epigenetic mechanisms. This study adds to other preclinical studies linking prenatal VDD with a neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liang
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyin Ke
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Darryl Eyles
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, the Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ruoyu Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Zichen Wang
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Saijun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - John J McGrath
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, the Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Paul Yao
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
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18
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Justo ME, Aldecoa M, Cela E, Leoni J, González Maglio DH, Villa AM, Aguirre F, Paz ML. Low Vitamin D Serum Levels in a Cohort of Myasthenia Gravis Patients in Argentina. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1145-1149. [PMID: 33866582 DOI: 10.1111/php.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There are limited and controversial studies that address the role of vitamin D (vitD), a vitamin with immunomodulatory effects, in myasthenia gravis (MG), a neuromuscular autoimmune disease. We aimed to assess 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and to evaluate possible associations with the clinical severity and other biomarkers of the disease. Serum levels of 25(OH)D, anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies and complement factor C5a were measured in MG patients (n = 66) and healthy volunteers (HV) (n = 25). Participants were evaluated through questionnaires to determine vitD intake and sunlight exposure. Severity scores were registered for MG patients. We found an 89.4% of MG individuals with nonsufficient levels of vitD, in comparison with 68.0% in the group of HV (OR = 3.96; P = 0.024). In addition, there was an inverse correlation between 25(OH)D levels and one of the scores (P = 0.037 r = -0.26, CI95 = -0.49 to -0.0087). However, when we compared 25(OH)D median serum levels between MG patients and HV, no statistically significant differences have been found. This is the first report of vitD status in a cohort of Argentinean MG patients, where we found that patients are more likely to have nonsufficient levels of vitD compared to healthy people and that patients with more severe disease have lower levels of vitD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano E Justo
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni" (IDEHU), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mayra Aldecoa
- Sección de Neuroinmunología y Electrofisiología, División Neurología, Hospital José María Ramos Mejía, Centro Argentino de Neuroinmunología (CADENI), Facultad de Medicina - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Cela
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni" (IDEHU), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juliana Leoni
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni" (IDEHU), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel H González Maglio
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni" (IDEHU), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés M Villa
- Sección de Neuroinmunología y Electrofisiología, División Neurología, Hospital José María Ramos Mejía, Centro Argentino de Neuroinmunología (CADENI), Facultad de Medicina - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Aguirre
- Sección de Neuroinmunología y Electrofisiología, División Neurología, Hospital José María Ramos Mejía, Centro Argentino de Neuroinmunología (CADENI), Facultad de Medicina - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela L Paz
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral "Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni" (IDEHU), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Baj J, Forma A, Sitarz E, Karakuła K, Flieger W, Sitarz M, Grochowski C, Maciejewski R, Karakula-Juchnowicz H. Beyond the Mind-Serum Trace Element Levels in Schizophrenic Patients: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249566. [PMID: 33334078 PMCID: PMC7765526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The alterations in serum trace element levels are common phenomena observed in patients with different psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, or major depressive disorder. The fluctuations in the trace element concentrations might act as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of many psychiatric and neurological disorders. This paper aimed to assess the alterations in serum trace element concentrations in patients with a diagnosed schizophrenia. The authors made a systematic review, extracting papers from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Among 5009 articles identified through database searching, 59 of them were assessed for eligibility. Ultimately, 33 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. This review includes the analysis of serum levels of the following trace elements: iron, nickel, molybdenum, phosphorus, lead, chromium, antimony, uranium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, copper, selenium, calcium, and manganese. Currently, there is no consistency regarding serum trace element levels in schizophrenic patients. Thus, it cannot be considered as a reliable prognostic or diagnostic marker of schizophrenia. However, it can be assumed that altered concentrations of those elements are crucial regarding the onset and exaggeration of either psychotic or negative symptoms or cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Baj
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-400 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Sitarz
- Chair and 1st Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Gluska Street 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland; (E.S.); (K.K.); (H.K.-J.)
| | - Kaja Karakuła
- Chair and 1st Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Gluska Street 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland; (E.S.); (K.K.); (H.K.-J.)
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Aleje Racławickie 1, 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Monika Sitarz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Cezary Grochowski
- Laboratory of Virtual Man, Chair of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-400 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-400 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Hanna Karakula-Juchnowicz
- Chair and 1st Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Gluska Street 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland; (E.S.); (K.K.); (H.K.-J.)
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, Gluska Street 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland
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20
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Tredinnick AR, Probst YC. Evaluating the Effects of Dietary Interventions on Disease Progression and Symptoms of Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: An Umbrella Review. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1603-1615. [PMID: 32504530 PMCID: PMC7666914 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. The role of diet in the progression of MS and severity of symptoms remains unclear. Various systematic literature reviews (SRs) have reported the effects of single nutrients on MS progression or the role of dietary factors on specific symptoms of MS. Narrative reviews have examined the effects of various dietary patterns in MS populations. An umbrella review was undertaken to collate the findings from review articles and evaluate the strength of the scientific evidence of dietary interventions for people living with MS. Scientific databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were systematically searched up to April 2019. Review articles and meta-analyses were included if they examined the effect of any dietary intervention in adult populations with MS. Outcomes included MS progression indicated by relapses, disability, MRI activity and disease classification, and MS symptoms. Characteristics and findings from both review articles and their included primary studies were extracted and summarized. A total of 19 SRs and 43 narrative reviews were included. Vitamin D and PUFAs were the most commonly studied interventions. Across SR studies, vitamin D supplementation had no significant effect on relapses, MRI, or disability progression; however, an inverse association was found between vitamin D status and disability scores through observational studies. Effects of PUFA supplementation on major outcomes of MS progression were inconsistent across review articles. Other interventions less commonly studied included vitamin, mineral, and herbal supplementation and varying dietary patterns. Strong consistent evidence is lacking for dietary interventions in persons with MS. The body of evidence is primarily focused around the isolation of individual nutrients, many of which demonstrate no effect on major outcomes of MS progression. Stronger food-focused studies are required to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey R Tredinnick
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yasmine C Probst
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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Petruzzelli MG, Marzulli L, Margari F, De Giacomo A, Gabellone A, Giannico OV, Margari L. Vitamin D Deficiency in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study. Dis Markers 2020; 2020:9292560. [PMID: 33014190 PMCID: PMC7520686 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9292560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a role in central nervous system (CNS) development. Recent literature focused on vitamin D status in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but with inconsistent results. Our case-control study is aimed at evaluating serum 25-hydroxyl-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in children with ASD (ASD group, n = 54) compared to children affected by other neurological and psychiatric disorders (non-ASD group, n = 36). All patients were admitted at the Complex Operative Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Polyclinic of Bari, Italy. 25(OH)D was quantified by chemiluminescence immunoassay and level defined as: deficiency (<20 ng/mL); insufficiency (20-30); normality (30-100); toxicity (>100). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS20 (significance < 0.05). The ASD group showed 25(OH)D a mean level significantly lower than control (p = 0.014). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed an association between ASD and vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.006). The nature of such association is unclear. Vitamin D deficiency may probably act as a risk factor for the development of ASD. Further studies are needed to unravel the role of vitamin D in ASD etiology and investigate its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Petruzzelli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Marzulli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Margari
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea De Giacomo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gabellone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio V. Giannico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Margari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Yu H, Zhang Z, Liu J, Hu P, Liu Z. Association study between genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism related genes and childhood autism spectrum disorder. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:971-978. [PMID: 32297168 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case-controlled study was to determine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding vitamin D metabolism related enzymes and childhood ASD in a Chinese Han population. Both autistic children and age-and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited from September 2012-November 2017. The severity of ASD was evaluated by the childhood autism rating scale (CARS). Taqman probe based real-time PCR was applied to examine genotypes. The association between SNPs and the risk of ASD or the disease severity was examined through the logistic regression. This study recruited 249 children with ASD and 353 healthy controls. The G/A genotype (P = 0.0112) or the G allele (P = 0.0117) of CYP24A1 rs17219315, and the G/A genotype of CYP27B1 rs4646536 (P = 0.0341) were significantly associated with an increased risk of ASD. In addition, multivariate analysis found that A allele of both CYP2R1 rs12794714 (P = 0.0159) and CYP27B1 rs4646536 (P = 0.0268) were significantly associated with the severity of ASD. Genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism related enzymes are associated with the risk of childhood ASD and the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Xiaoshan First Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 311201, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiaoshan First Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 311201, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, 311202, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Pingfang Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, 311202, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, 311202, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Almeida Moreira Leal LK, Lima LA, Alexandre de Aquino PE, Costa de Sousa JA, Jataí Gadelha CV, Felício Calou IB, Pereira Lopes MJ, Viana Lima FA, Tavares Neves KR, Matos de Andrade G, Socorro de Barros Viana G. Vitamin D (VD3) antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities: Peripheral and central effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 879:173099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
Background: There is a need to develop and periodically evaluate new treatment strategies in major depression due to the high burden of nonresponse and inadequate response to antidepressants. Aim: We aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression symptom scores among individuals with clinically diagnosed major depression. Materials and Methods: Electronic search of databases was carried out for published randomized controlled trials in English language, peer-reviewed journals from inception till August 2017. Outcome measure used for effect size calculation was depression symptom scores. Effect sizes for the trials were computed using standardized mean difference (Cohen's d), and I2 test was used to assess sample heterogeneity. Pooled mean effect sizes were derived using both fixed and random-effects model. Critical appraisal of studies was done using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Results: A total of four trials involving 948 participants were included in the study. In three trials, the intervention group received oral vitamin D supplementation whereas in one parenteral vitamin D was given. Pooled mean effect size for vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptom ratings in major depression was 0.58 (95% confidence interval, 0.45–0.72). The I2 value for heterogeneity was 0 suggesting low heterogeneity among studies. Egger plot intercept indicated minimal publication bias. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation favorably impacted depression ratings in major depression with a moderate effect size. These findings must be considered tentative owing to the limited number of trials available and inherent methodological bias noted in few of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vellekkatt
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - V Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Zhu JL, Luo WW, Cheng X, Li Y, Zhang QZ, Peng WX. Vitamin D deficiency and Schizophrenia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Psychiatry Res 2020; 288:112959. [PMID: 32335466 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder in which there is an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Accumulating data show that there may be an association between vitamin D deficiency and schizophrenia. We conducted an updated meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between schizophrenia and blood vitamin D level. All published observational articles have been searched from five databases until September 2019. In total, 36 articles with a total of 12528 participants were included in this study. Patients with schizophrenia have significantly lower levels of vitamin D than controls. The subgroup analyses based on study design, hospitalization status, quality score, type of biomarker [25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3], and the country did not explain between-study heterogeneity; however, meta-regression on match factors indicted that match of BMI could account for some degree of heterogeneity. No significant differences in publication bias were observed. Also, subjects with schizophrenia were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency compared to controls. In conclusion, our analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is associated with schizophrenia. More well-designed randomized control trials are needed to determine whether this association is causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wen-Wen Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qi-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wen-Xing Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Wu Y, Cai Y, Liu M, Zhu D, Guan Y. The Potential Immunoregulatory Roles of Vitamin D in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 43:102156. [PMID: 32474282 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoantibody-mediated disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Its pathogenesis involves both innate and acquired immune reactions; specific antibody (Aquaporin-4 antibody) and inflammatory cells cause direct damage on lesion sites, while B cell-T cell interactions facilitate the demyelination. However, its etiology is still not fully understood. Vitamin D deficiency is present in numerous autoimmune diseases, including NMOSD. Evidence suggests that low vitamin D levels mayassociate with disease activity and relapse rate in NMOSD, indicating the participation in the pathogenesis of NMOSD. The immunoregulatory roles of vitamin D in both numerous autoimmune diseases and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models are increasingly recognized. Recent studies have revealed vitamin D modulation in cytokine production, immune cell development and differentiation, as well as antibody production. By enhancing an anti-inflammatory environment and suppressing the overactivated autoimmune process, vitamin D shows its potential immunoregulatory roles in NMOSD, which could possibly introduce a new therapy for NMOSD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.127, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.127, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Desheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.127, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yangtai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.127, Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Sardaar S, Qi B, Dionne-Laporte A, Rouleau GA, Rabbany R, Trakadis YJ. Machine learning analysis of exome trios to contrast the genomic architecture of autism and schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:92. [PMID: 32111185 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Machine learning (ML) algorithms and methods offer great tools to analyze large complex genomic datasets. Our goal was to compare the genomic architecture of schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using ML. METHODS In this paper, we used regularized gradient boosted machines to analyze whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from individuals SCZ and ASD in order to identify important distinguishing genetic features. We further demonstrated a method of gene clustering to highlight which subsets of genes identified by the ML algorithm are mutated concurrently in affected individuals and are central to each disease (i.e., ASD vs. SCZ "hub" genes). RESULTS In summary, after correcting for population structure, we found that SCZ and ASD cases could be successfully separated based on genetic information, with 86-88% accuracy on the testing dataset. Through bioinformatic analysis, we explored if combinations of genes concurrently mutated in patients with the same condition ("hub" genes) belong to specific pathways. Several themes were found to be associated with ASD, including calcium ion transmembrane transport, immune system/inflammation, synapse organization, and retinoid metabolic process. Moreover, ion transmembrane transport, neurotransmitter transport, and microtubule/cytoskeleton processes were highlighted for SCZ. CONCLUSIONS Our manuscript introduces a novel comparative approach for studying the genetic architecture of genetically related diseases with complex inheritance and highlights genetic similarities and differences between ASD and SCZ.
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Gee S, Gaughran F, MacCabe J, Shergill S, Whiskey E, Taylor D. Management of clozapine treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020; 10:2045125320928167. [PMID: 32542111 PMCID: PMC7256815 DOI: 10.1177/2045125320928167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clozapine is the only available treatment for refractory schizophrenia but its use involves frequent physical contact with healthcare workers for the purpose of mandatory blood monitoring. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients taking clozapine will be self-isolating to reduce the risk of infection, not least because these patients are at high risk of serious illness and fatality because of high rates of diabetes, obesity and pulmonary disease and an increased risk of pneumonia. Problems may also arise because both clozapine-induced myocarditis and neutropenic sepsis share signs and symptoms with COVID-19 (fever, chest pain, dyspnoea, etc.). We recommend decreasing the frequency of physical contacts by extending the blood monitoring interval to 12 weeks in those patients taking clozapine for more than 1 year. To distinguish COVID-19 from clozapine-related physical adverse effects, we suggest an urgent antigen test alongside a full blood count. In those taking clozapine who develop COVID-19, we suggest continuing with clozapine whenever possible (even during ventilation), reducing the dose if necessary in line with blood assay results. Blood monitoring should continue but clozapine should only cease if there is a significant fall in neutrophils (COVID-19 is linked to lymphopenia but not neutropenia). To protect against the likelihood and severity of respiratory infection, we recommend the use of vitamin D in all clozapine patients. Initiation of clozapine is likely to remain problematic while the risk of infection remains, given the degree of physical contact required to assure safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Gee
- Pharmacy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- Pharmacy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - James MacCabe
- Pharmacy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sukhi Shergill
- Pharmacy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Eromona Whiskey
- Pharmacy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - David Taylor
- Pharmacy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
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Kasatkina LA, Tarasenko AS, Krupko OO, Kuchmerovska TM, Lisakovska OO, Trikash IO. Vitamin D deficiency induces the excitation/inhibition brain imbalance and the proinflammatory shift. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 119:105665. [PMID: 31821883 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 is among the major neurosteroids whose role in developing and adult brain is intensively studied now. Its active form 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates the expression and functioning of a range of brain-specific proteins, which orchestrate the neurotransmitter turnover, neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. Despite numerous studies of the vitamin D role in normal and pathological brain function, there is little evidence on the mechanisms of alterations in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission under vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Using the animal model we characterized the dysfunction of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission under alimentary VDD. The shift between unstimulated and evoked GABA release under VDD was largely reversed after treatment of VDD, whereas the impairments in glutamatergic system were only partially recovered after 1-month vitamin D3 supplementation. The increase of the external glutamate level and unstimulated GABA release in brain nerve terminals was associated with intensified ROS production and higher [Ca2+]i in presynapse. The negative allosteric modulation of presynaptic mGlu7 receptors significantly enhanced exocytotic GABA release, which was decreased under VDD, thereby suggesting the neuroprotective effect of such modulation of inhibitory neurotransmission. Synaptic plasma membranes and cytosolic proteins contribute to the decreased stimulated release of neurotransmitter, by being the crucial components, whose functional state is impaired under VDD. The critical changes with synaptic vesicles occurred at the docking step of the process, whereas malfunctioning of synaptic cytosolic proteins impacted the fusion event foremost. The decreased amplitude of exocytosis was inherent for non-excitable cells as well, as evidenced by lower platelet degranulation. Our data suggest the presynaptic dysfunction and proinflammatory shift as the early events in the pathogenesis of VDD-associated disorders and provide evidences for the neuroprotective role of vitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila A Kasatkina
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Alla S Tarasenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Olga O Krupko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Tamara M Kuchmerovska
- The Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030 Ukraine
| | - Olha O Lisakovska
- The Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030 Ukraine
| | - Irene O Trikash
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine.
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Foucault G, Duval GT, Simon R, Beauchet O, Dinomais M, Annweiler C. Serum Vitamin D and Cingulate Cortex Thickness in Older Adults: Quantitative MRI of the Brain. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:1063-1071. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666191113124356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with brain changes, and cognitive and
mobility declines in older adults.
Method:
Two hundred and fifteen Caucasian older community-dwellers (mean±SD, 72.1±5.5years;
40% female) received a blood test and brain MRI. The thickness of perigenual anterior cingulate cortex,
midcingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex was measured using FreeSurfer from T1-weighted
MR images. Age, gender, education, BMI, mean arterial pressure, comorbidities, use of vitamin D supplements
or anti-vascular drugs, MMSE, GDS, IADL, serum calcium and vitamin B9 concentrations,
creatinine clearance were used as covariables.
Results:
Participants with vitamin D insufficiency (n=80) had thinner total cingulate thickness than the
others (24.6±1.9mm versus 25.3±1.4mm, P=0.001); a significant difference found for all 3 regions. Vitamin
D insufficiency was cross-sectionally associated with a decreased total cingulate thickness (β=-
0.49, P=0.028). Serum 25OHD concentration correlated positively with the thickness of perigenual anterior
(P=0.011), midcingulate (P=0.013) and posterior cingulate cortex (P=0.021).
Conclusion:
Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with thinner cingulate cortex in the studied sample
of older adults. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiology of cognitive and mobility declines
in older adults with vitamin D insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzague Foucault
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume T Duval
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Romain Simon
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Olivier Beauchet
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis - Jewish General Hospital and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mickael Dinomais
- School of Medicine, Health Faculty, University of Angers, France
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France
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Ramasamy R, Mohammed F, Meier UC. HLA DR2b-binding peptides from human endogenous retrovirus envelope, Epstein-Barr virus and brain proteins in the context of molecular mimicry in multiple sclerosis. Immunol Lett 2019; 217:15-24. [PMID: 31689443 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aetiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is as yet poorly understood. Multiple mechanisms in different disease stages are responsible for immunopathology in MS. HLA Class II DR2b (DRB1*1501 β, DRA1*0101 α) is the strongest genetic risk factor for MS. Remnants of ancient retroviruses in the human genome, termed human endogenous retroviruses (HERV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection are also associated with MS. In silico analyses of human endogenous retroviral envelope (HERV env) proteins and three myelin proteins that are principal targets of an autoimmune response in MS showed sequence similarities between potential TH epitopes within pairs of viral and myelin peptides predicted to bind HLA DR2b. This led to the proposal that such molecular mimicry may potentially trigger MS. HLA DR2b binding characteristics of previously identified peptides from the three myelin proteins and HERV env proteins as well as additional in silico predicted peptides from other encephalitogenic brain proteins and EBV proteins were studied to further investigate molecular mimicry. Peptides containing potential TH epitopes from the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and HERV env previously predicted to bind HLA DR2b as well as other pertinent potential HLA DR2b-restricted TH epitopes were confirmed to bind HLA DR2b molecules. Molecular modelling of HLA DR2b in complex with high affinity peptides derived from MOG and HERV env proteins showed that their binding could occur in a similar manner to a HLA DR2b-binding peptide containing a known TH epitope. A structurally related pair of peptides predicted to bind HLA DR2b from the EBV protein EBNA1 and β synuclein, a brain protein implicated in MS, were also shown to similarly bind HLA DR2b. The findings justify investigating CD4+ T cell responses to the identified peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Ramasamy
- ID-FISH Technology Inc., 556 Gibraltar Drive, Milpitas, CA 95035, United States.
| | - Fiyaz Mohammed
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Ute-C Meier
- Department of Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, 4 Newark St, Whitechapel, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom
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Porto CM, de Paula Santana da Silva T, Sougey EB. Contribuições da vitamina D no tratamento de sintomas depressivos e fatores de risco cardiovascular: protocolo de estudo para um ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego e controlado por placebo. Trials 2019; 20:583. [PMID: 31601274 PMCID: PMC6788094 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRATO FUNDO: A depressão é uma das principais causas de incapacidade crônica em todo o mundo e um importante fator de risco cardiovascular, aumentando o risco relativo de doença arterial coronariana, bem como as taxas de morbimortalidade cardiovascular. Concomitantemente à alta prevalência de depressão, houve uma redução na exposição à luz solar com o aumento da urbanização e do uso de protetores solares, o que levou a uma redução nos níveis séricos de 25-hidroxivitamina D. Portanto, este artigo descreve uma protocolo para um ensaio clínico com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de vitamina D na depressão e fatores de risco cardiovascular para contribuir com evidências sobre a influência potencial da suplementação na regulação do humor. MéTODOS: Este estudo de protocolo foi orientado pelos itens de protocolo padrão: recomendações para ensaios intervencionistas. Um ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado por placebo, duplo-cego será realizado envolvendo 224 adultos (faixa etária de 18 a 60 anos) com depressão que estão tomando antidepressivos e não têm histórico de suplementação de vitamina D, comorbidades psiquiátricas, doença renal crônica, hipercalcemia, ou neoplasia. Os participantes serão recrutados nos ambulatórios psiquiátricos de duas universidades do nordeste do Brasil. Os participantes elegíveis que fornecerem consentimento por escrito serão designados aleatoriamente para o grupo de intervenção (n = 112; suplementação de vitamina D 50.000 UI por semana durante 6 meses) ou para o grupo controle (n = 112; placebo tomado semanalmente por 6 meses). Medidas para monitorar sintomas depressivos, exames clínicos e exames laboratoriais para avaliar fatores de risco cardiovascular e níveis séricos de vitamina D serão realizadas antes e após o período de intervenção. DISCUSSãO: Até onde sabemos, este será o primeiro ensaio clínico com o objetivo de testar a eficácia da suplementação de vitamina D na redução do risco cardiovascular e como um adjuvante à terapia da depressão por um período prolongado (6 meses). Os resultados contribuirão para a compreensão dos efeitos terapêuticos da suplementação de vitamina D no tratamento da depressão e podem ajudar a orientar políticas públicas direcionadas à suplementação de vitamina para a redução do risco cardiovascular. REGISTRO DE TESTE Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos, RBR-6yj8sj/ Número Universal de Ensaios (UTN) U1111-1217-9237 . Registrado em 23 de julho de 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Magalhães Porto
- Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE CEP: 50670-901 Brasil
| | - Tatiana de Paula Santana da Silva
- Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE CEP: 50670-901 Brasil
| | - Everton Botelho Sougey
- Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE CEP: 50670-901 Brasil
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Fasihpour B, Moayeri H, Shariat M, Keihanidoust Z, Effatpanah M, Khedmat L. Vitamin D deficiency in school-age Iranian children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms: A critical comparison with healthy controls. Child Neuropsychol 2019; 26:460-474. [PMID: 31514566 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2019.1665638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The associations between serum vitamin D levels and the severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were assessed among Iranian hospitalized children (50 ADHD cases and 50 healthy (non-ADHD) controls) during 2014-2015. Levels of ADHD severity and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) were determined by the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) test and an ELISA kit, respectively. The serum 25OHD concentrations of <10, 10-29, and >30 ng/mL were respectively considered as deficient (severe deficiency), insufficient (mild deficiency), and sufficient levels of vitamin D. The association of nutrient bioavailability with ADHD was evaluated by statistical and regression analyses.There was no significant difference in the mean of socio-demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, weight, BMI, daily intake of dairy products, and daily sunlight exposure) between ADHD and non-ADHD subjects. The mean serum 25OHD concentration (16.57 ± 9.09 ng/mL) was found to be significantly lower in ADHD children with more parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels as compared to controls (22.01 ± 12.67ng/mL). The sufficient 25OHD concentration was more predominant in the controls than the cases (p = 0.002). A severe deficiency of vitamin D was more found in children with ADHD (3.36 times). There was a negative and significant association between the participants' age and their serum 25OHD levels. Although 25OHD levels in boys were significantly more than those in girls, the reduction of serum 25OHD concentration among boys with ADHD was more severe compared to the patient girls(p = 0.014). The results support the importance of vitamins D role in ADHD patients through the regular monitoring of serum 25OHD levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Fasihpour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heshmat Moayeri
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mamak Shariat
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zarrintaj Keihanidoust
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Effatpanah
- Department of Psychiatry, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Khedmat
- Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
We previously presented the protein-protein interaction network of schizophrenia associated genes, and from it, the drug-protein interactome which showed the drugs that target any of the proteins in the interactome. Here, we studied these drugs further to identify whether any of them may potentially be repurposable for schizophrenia. In schizophrenia, gene expression has been described as a measurable aspect of the disease reflecting the action of risk genes. We studied each of the drugs from the interactome using the BaseSpace Correlation Engine, and shortlisted those that had a negative correlation with differential gene expression of schizophrenia. This analysis resulted in 12 drugs whose differential gene expression (drug versus normal) had an anti-correlation with differential expression for schizophrenia (disorder versus normal). Some of these drugs were already being tested for their clinical activity in schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Several proteins in the protein interactome of the targets of several of these drugs were associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. The network of genes with opposite drug-induced versus schizophrenia-associated expression profiles were significantly enriched in pathways relevant to schizophrenia etiology and GWAS genes associated with traits or diseases that had a pathophysiological overlap with schizophrenia. Drugs that targeted the same genes as the shortlisted drugs, have also demonstrated clinical activity in schizophrenia and other related disorders. This integrated computational analysis will help translate insights from the schizophrenia drug-protein interactome to clinical research - an important step, especially in the field of psychiatric drug development which faces a high failure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani B Karunakaran
- Supercomputer Education and Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Madhavi K Ganapathiraju
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
- Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
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Gu S, Huang R, Yang J, Sun S, Xu Y, Zhang R, Wang Y, Lu B, He T, Wang A, Bian G, Wang Q. Exposure-lag-response association between sunlight and schizophrenia in Ningbo, China. Environ Pollut 2019; 247:285-292. [PMID: 30685669 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies found that mental disorders such as bipolar disorder, seasonal affective disorder and schizophrenia, often show seasonal variability, which usually be attributed to the variations in the number of natural sunlight. However, few studies have been conducted on the acute effects of exposure to sunlight on the onset of these disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure-response relationship between sunshine duration and the hospital admissions for schizophrenia. We obtained data on hospital admissions for schizophrenia from the largest psychiatric hospital in Ningbo, China, during 2012-2016. A Distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate the exposure-lag-response relationship between sunlight and schizophrenia. We calculated the effects of short and long sunshine duration, defined using the cutoffs at the 1st and 99th sunshine duration percentiles. We detected significant and non-linear associations between sunlight and schizophrenia, and the overall estimated relative risk (RR) for a lag of 0-21 days was 1.45 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.97) and 1.41(95% CI: 0.72, 2.75) for short and long sunshine duration, respectively. The burden of schizophrenia was greater during periods with short sunshine duration than during periods with long sunshine duration, with the AFs of 19.94% (95% CI: 8.65%, 28.24%) and 2.12% (95% CI: -2.70%, 5.57%), respectively. The female and people more than 45 years old were most susceptible to these effects. We repeated our analysis by using global solar radiation as a continuous exposure variable of sunlight intensity in the model, and the result shows that the female and middle-aged and eldly patients were also susceptible to the effects of low levels of global solar radiation. Our findings suggest that there may be a relationship between lack of exposure to sunlight and increased risk of hospital admissions for schizophrenia. Policymakers and doctors should promote further understanding of the health benefits of sunlight and take effective measures to prevent schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Gu
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010, China.
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Hunan, 361000, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Shiqiang Sun
- Ningbo Meteorological Bureau, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Yiner Xu
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | | | - Yunfeng Wang
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Beibei Lu
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010, China.
| | - Tianfeng He
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010, China.
| | - Aihong Wang
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010, China.
| | - Guolin Bian
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Qunli Wang
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010, China.
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Yawuz MJ, Ahmed MQF, Mohammed SA. Determination of Level of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Its Effect on Disease Activity. J Pure Appl Microbiol 2019; 13:545-551. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Mo M, Wang S, Chen Z, Muyiduli X, Wang S, Shen Y, Shao B, Li M, Chen D, Chen Z, Yu Y. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the response of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration to vitamin D supplementation from RCTs from around the globe. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:816-34. [PMID: 30872787 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Optimal doses of vitamin D (VitD) supplement in different populations are unclear. We aim to evaluate the relationship between VitD supplementation and post-intervention serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, to provide a recommended dosage of VitD for achieving an optimal 25(OH)D concentration for different populations. SUBJECTS/METHODS Literature search was conducted in Embase, etc. Randomized controlled trials about VitD supplemental intakes and their effect on 25(OH)D concentration were enrolled. The effect on 25(OH)D concentration between different supplementation doses in each population group was compared by meta-analysis. Multivariate meta-regression model is utilized to establish reference intake dosage of VitD. RESULTS A total of 136 articles were included about children (3-17 years), adults (18-64 years), postmenopausal women, the elderly ( >64 years), pregnant, or lactating women. Overall, intervention groups obtained higher 25(OH)D concentration than controls and there was obvious dose-response effect between intake dose and 25(OH)D concentration. Baseline 25(OH)D concentration and age were significant indicators for 25(OH)D concentration. To reach sufficient 25(OH)D concentration (75 nmol/L), the recommended VitD supplemental intakes was 1340 and 2250 IU/day for children and pregnant women, 2519 and 797 IU/day for European adults aged 18-64 and 65-85 years, 729, 2026, and 1229 IU/day for adults in North America, Asia and Middle East and Africa, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Regional- and age-specific recommended dosages of VitD supplements for population to achieve optimal 25(OH)D concentrations have been suggested.
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Bjørklund G, Waly MI, Al-Farsi Y, Saad K, Dadar M, Rahman MM, Elhoufey A, Chirumbolo S, Jóźwik-Pruska J, Kałużna-Czaplińska J. The Role of Vitamins in Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Do We Know? J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:373-387. [PMID: 30607900 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin or mineral supplementation is considered to be the most commonly used medical treatment for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in addition to other interventions such as neurological and psychological interventions. There is not much evidence of therapeutic efficacy between vitamin and mineral supplementation and improvements in ASD. However, several researchers have noted that patients with ASD have various metabolic and nutritional abnormalities including issues with sulfation, methylation, glutathione redox imbalances, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. There is some evidence that vitamin and mineral supplementation may support these basic physiologic processes. Recently, the nutritional status of ASD patients has been gaining focus in this particular area. Pointing out the nutritional status as a potential etiological factor for attention/communication disorders, more importance has been given to this particular point. Moreover, autistic specific considerations like the feature and behavior of ASD might be increased or at least fall in the higher risk due to the sub-optimal nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Toften 24, 8610, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Mostafa I Waly
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yahya Al-Farsi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khaled Saad
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- CONEM Upper Egypt Pediatric Research Group, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Amira Elhoufey
- CONEM Upper Egypt Pediatric Research Group, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Jagoda Jóźwik-Pruska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Kałużna-Czaplińska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
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Zhu DM, Zhao W, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhu J, Yu Y. The Relationship Between Serum Concentration of Vitamin D, Total Intracranial Volume, and Severity of Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:322. [PMID: 31143135 PMCID: PMC6520644 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression has been linked to vitamin D deficiency. However, little attention was paid to the neural substrate underlying this association. Methods: Fifty patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were enrolled in this study. High-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed to calculate total intracranial volume (TIV). Peripheral venous blood samples were collected to measure serum vitamin D concentration. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) was used to assess severity of depression symptoms. The relationship among TIV, serum vitamin D concentration, and HAMD score was examined using correlation, linear regression, and mediation analyses. Results: In patients with MDD, HAMD score was negatively correlated with TIV and serum vitamin D concentration, and TIV was positively correlated with serum vitamin D concentration. Linear regression analyses showed that TIV and serum vitamin D concentration were significant predictors of HAMD score. Importantly, mediation analysis revealed that TIV significantly mediated the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and HAMD score. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TIV may serve as a potential neural biomarker for monitoring responses to adjuvant therapy of vitamin D in patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Min Zhu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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AlJohri R, AlOkail M, Haq SH. Neuroprotective role of vitamin D in primary neuronal cortical culture. eNeurologicalSci 2018; 14:43-48. [PMID: 30619951 PMCID: PMC6312860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A role of Vitamin D in brain development and function has been gaining support over the last decade. There are compelling pieces of evidence that suggest vitamin D may have a neuroprotective role. The administration of vitamin D or its metabolites has been shown to reduce neurological injury and/or neurotoxicity in a variety of animal systems. The detail biochemical mechanism mediating neurons, to its ability to withstand greater oxidative stress in the presence of Vitamin D is unclear. This study was undertaken to study the biochemical effect of treatments of primary cortical neuronal cultures, with the active form of vitamin D(1,25(OH)2D3), against the induced oxidative stress. Methods Primary neuronal cultures from cerebral cortex were set up from neonatal (from 6 to 7 days old) Wister Rat's brain. Different doses of [1,25(OH)2D3], ranges from 0 to 1 μg/ml, was added to the culture medium and the cells were cultured in its presence for 24 h to 120 h. The effect of induced extracellular oxidative stress was measured by subjecting these cultured cells with 0.5 mM H2O2 for 2 h, prior to collection of condition medium and the cell pellet for biochemical assay. The control and H2O2 treated cultures were maintained in similar culture conditions, for similar periods of time without any [1,25(OH)2D3] treatments. Result The optimum concentration of [1,25(OH)2D3] for treatment of primary cortical neuronal cultures was found to be 0.25 μg/ml by Trypan exclusion assay and MTT assay. Pre-treatments of cultured neuronal cells with 0.25 μg/ml of [1,25(OH)2D3] caused significantly increased levels of reduced glutathione, accompanied by a similar increase in the enzyme levels of GST, to neutralize the induced oxidative stress by H2O2. The level of Lipid peroxidation was significantly higher in the cells treated with H2O2 alone, but it was completely reversed in the neuronal cultures pre-treated with [1,25(OH)2D3]. The levels of Catalase enzyme also significantly reduced (≥0.05) in the [1,25(OH)2D3] pre-treated neuronal cultures. Conclusion We concluded that the systemic treatment of primary neuronal cultures with [1,25(OH)2D3] gave better protection to neurons against the induced oxidative stress, as shown by quantitative measurements of various biomarkers of oxidative stress. This study also suggested that Vitamin D is vital for the growth, survival, and proliferation of the neurons and hence it has a potential therapeutic role against various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham AlJohri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid AlOkail
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samina Hyder Haq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Lombardi VC, De Meirleir KL, Subramanian K, Nourani SM, Dagda RK, Delaney SL, Palotás A. Nutritional modulation of the intestinal microbiota; future opportunities for the prevention and treatment of neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory disease. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 61:1-16. [PMID: 29886183 PMCID: PMC6195483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis refers to the bidirectional communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system. Mounting evidence supports the premise that the intestinal microbiota plays a pivotal role in its function and has led to the more common and perhaps more accurate term gut-microbiota-brain axis. Numerous studies have identified associations between an altered microbiome and neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory diseases. In most cases, it is unknown if these associations are cause or effect; notwithstanding, maintaining or restoring homeostasis of the microbiota may represent future opportunities when treating or preventing these diseases. In recent years, several studies have identified the diet as a primary contributing factor in shaping the composition of the gut microbiota and, in turn, the mucosal and systemic immune systems. In this review, we will discuss the potential opportunities and challenges with respect to modifying and shaping the microbiota through diet and nutrition in order to treat or prevent neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C Lombardi
- Nevada Center for Biomedical Research, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St. MS 0552, Reno, NV, 89557, USA; University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1664 N. Virginia St. MS 0357, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Kenny L De Meirleir
- Nevada Center for Biomedical Research, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St. MS 0552, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Krishnamurthy Subramanian
- Nevada Center for Biomedical Research, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St. MS 0552, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Sam M Nourani
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 1664 N. Virginia St. MS 0357, Reno, NV, 89557, USA; Advanced Therapeutic, General Gastroenterology & Hepatology Digestive Health Associates, Reno, NV, USA.
| | - Ruben K Dagda
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 1664 N. Virginia St. MS 0318, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | | | - András Palotás
- Kazan Federal University, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, (Volga Region) 18 Kremlyovskaya St., Kazan, 420008, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation; Asklepios-Med (private medical practice and research center), Kossuth Lajos sgt. 23, Szeged, H-6722, Hungary.
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Krisanova N, Pozdnyakova N, Pastukhov A, Dudarenko M, Maksymchuk O, Parkhomets P, Sivko R, Borisova T. Vitamin D3 deficiency in puberty rats causes presynaptic malfunctioning through alterations in exocytotic release and uptake of glutamate/GABA and expression of EAAC-1/GAT-3 transporters. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:142-150. [PMID: 30367913 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent experimental and epidemiologic investigations have revealed that the central nervous system is a target for vitamin D3 action and also linked vitamin D3 deficiency to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, autism and dementia. Abnormal homeostasis of glutamate and GABA and signaling disbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of major neurological diseases. Here, key transport characteristics of glutamate and GABA were analysed in presynaptic nerve terminals (synaptosomes) isolated from the cortex of vitamin D3 deficient (VDD) rats. Puberty rats were kept at the VDD diet up to adulthood. VDD caused: (i) a decrease in the initial rates of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA uptake by plasma membrane transporters of nerve terminals; (ii) a decrease in exocytotic release of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA; (iii) changes in expression of glutamate (EAAC-1) and GABA (GAT-3) transporters. Whereas, the synaptosomal ambient levels and Ca2+-independent transporter-mediated release of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA were not significantly altered in VDD. Vitamin D3 is a potent neurosteroid and its nutritional deficiency can provoke development of neurological consequences changing glutamate/GABA transporter expressions and excitation/inhibition balance. Also, changes in glutamate transport can underlie lower resistance to hypoxia/ischemia, larger infarct volumes and worsened outcomes in ischemic stroke patients with VDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Krisanova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Maksymchuk
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
| | - Petro Parkhomets
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Roman Sivko
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine.
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Zheng Z, Zheng P, Zou X. Association between schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autism Res 2018; 11:1110-1119. [PMID: 30284394 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong 510630 China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department of Science and Technology; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong 510642 China
| | - Xiaobing Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong 510630 China
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Zhang Z, Li S, Yu L, Liu J. Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Genes in Association with Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder. Dis Markers 2018; 2018:7862892. [PMID: 29581796 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7862892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case-control study aimed to determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs731276 (TaqI), rs1568820 (Cdx2), rs1544410 (BsmI), and rs2228570 (FokI) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene with susceptibility of childhood ASD and severity of the disease. A total of 201 children with ASD and 200 healthy controls from the Han Chinese population were recruited. SNP genotyping was carried out by TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR using genomic DNA extracted from blood cells. Among four examined SNPs, only the CT genotype (odds ratio (OR) = 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-3.68, P = 0.0351) and the C allele (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.02-3.46, P = 0.0416) of the rs731276 were significantly associated with increased risks of childhood ASD. None of the SNPs were associated with severity of childhood ASD. Our results reveal that certain polymorphisms in the VDR gene are a risk factor related to childhood ASD in the Han Chinese population.
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Berridge MJ. Vitamin D deficiency: infertility and neurodevelopmental diseases (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and schizophrenia). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 314:C135-C151. [PMID: 29070492 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00188.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The process of development depends on a number of signaling systems that regulates the progressive sequence of developmental events. Infertility and neurodevelopmental diseases, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia, are caused by specific alterations in these signaling processes. Calcium signaling plays a prominent role throughout development beginning at fertilization and continuing through early development, implantation, and organ differentiation such as heart and brain development. Vitamin D plays a major role in regulating these signaling processes that control development. There is an increase in infertility and an onset of neurodevelopmental diseases when vitamin D is deficient. The way in which vitamin D deficiency acts to alter development is a major feature of this review. One of the primary functions of vitamin D is to maintain the phenotypic stability of both the Ca2+ and redox signaling pathways that play such a key role throughout development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Berridge
- Laboratory of Molecular Signalling, The Babraham Institute , Cambridge , United Kingdom
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