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Zhong Z, Yang K, Li Y, Zhou S, Yao H, Zhao Y, Huang Y, Zou J, Li Y, Jiajia Li, Lian G, Huang K, Chen S. Tumor-associated macrophages drive glycolysis through the IL-8/STAT3/GLUT3 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer progression. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216784. [PMID: 38458594 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Glycolytic metabolism is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and tumor-associated stromal cells play important roles in tumor metabolism. We previously reported that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) facilitate PDAC progression. However, little is known about whether TAMs are involved in regulating glycolysis in PDAC. Here, we found a positive correlation between CD68+ TAM infiltration and FDG maximal standardized uptake (FDG SUVmax) on PET-CT images of PDAC. We discovered that the glycolytic gene set was prominently enriched in the high TAM infiltration group through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Mechanistically, TAMs secreted IL-8 to promote GLUT3 expression in PDAC cells, enhancing tumor glycolysis both in vitro and in vivo, whereas this effect could be blocked by the IL-8 receptor inhibitor reparixin. Furthermore, IL-8 promoted the translocation of phosphorylated STAT3 into the nucleus to activate the GLUT3 promoter. Overall, we demonstrated that TAMs boosted PDAC cell glycolysis through the IL-8/STAT3/GLUT3 signaling pathway. Our cumulative findings suggest that the abrogation of TAM-induced tumor glycolysis by reparixin might exhibit an antitumor impact and offer a potential therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Kege Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Shurui Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, PR China
| | - Hanming Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Yuzhou Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Jinmao Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Yaqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Guoda Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Kaihong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Shaojie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
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2
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Stuhr LK, Madsen K, Johansen AZ, Chen IM, Hansen CP, Jensen LH, Hansen TF, Kløve-Mogensen K, Nielsen KR, Johansen JS. Combining sCD163 with CA 19-9 Increases the Predictiveness of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030897. [PMID: 36765852 PMCID: PMC9913074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of soluble CD163 (sCD163) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Preoperative serum samples from 255 patients with PDAC were analyzed for sCD163 using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diagnostic value of sCD163 was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The prognostic significance of sCD163 was evaluated by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. sCD163 was significantly increased in patients with PDAC, across all stages, compared to healthy subjects (stage 1: p value = 0.033; stage 2-4: p value ≤ 0.0001). ROC curves showed that sCD163 combined with CA 19-9 had the highest diagnostic potential compared to sCD163 and CA 19-9 alone both in patients with local PDAC and patients with advanced PDAC. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed no association between sCD163 and overall survival. This study found elevated levels of circulating sCD163 in patients with PDAC, regardless of stage, compared to healthy subjects. This suggests that sCD163 may have a clinical value as a novel diagnostic biomarker in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liva K. Stuhr
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kasper Madsen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Astrid Z. Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inna M. Chen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Carsten P. Hansen
- Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars H. Jensen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, DK-7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Torben F. Hansen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, DK-7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | | | - Kaspar R. Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Julia S. Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-38689241
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Chen Q, Wang Q, Wang Y, Chu Y, Luo Y, You H, Su B, Li C, Guo Q, Sun T, Jiang C. Penetrating Micelle for Reversing Immunosuppression and Drug Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment. Small 2022; 18:e2107712. [PMID: 35285149 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is on of the most lethal malignant tumors with relatively poor prognosis, characterized with insufficient drug penetration, low immune response and obvious drug resistances. The therapeutic inefficiency is multifactorially related to its specific tumor microenvironment (TME), which is representatively featured as rich stroma and immunosuppression. In this work, a versatile drug delivery system is developed that can coencapsulate two prodrugs modified from gemcitabine (GEM) and a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor (HJC0152), and the gradient pH variation is further sensed in the TME of PDAC to achieve a higher penetration by reversing its surficial charges. The escorted prodrugs can release GEM intracellularly, and respond to the hypoxic condition to yield the parental STAT3 inhibitor HJC0152, respectively. By inhibiting STAT3, the tumor immunosuppression microenvironment can be re-educated through the reversion of M2-like tumor associated macrophages (M2-TAMs), recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and downregulation of regulatory T cells (Treg s). Furthermore, cytidine deaminase (CDA) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression can be downregulated, plus the lipid modification of GEM, the drug resistance of GEM can be greatly relieved. Based on the above design, a synergetic therapeutic efficacy in PDAC treatment can be achieved to provide more opportunity for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Qingbing Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yongchao Chu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu You
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Boyu Su
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Qin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
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4
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Chen S, Huang F, He C, Li J, Chen S, Li Y, Chen Y, Lian G, Huang K. Peripheral blood monocytes predict clinical prognosis and support tumor invasiveness through NF-κB-dependent upregulation of Snail in pancreatic cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:4773-4785. [PMID: 35116330 PMCID: PMC8797572 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The tumor inflammatory microenvironment plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer (PC). Both the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and preoperative peripheral blood monocytes are related to the prognosis of PC patients. However, the direct effect of monocytes on PC cells is not fully understood. The current study aimed to assess the effect of monocytes on PC and explore its potential mechanism. Methods The cutoff value of peripheral blood monocytes was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Transwell migration and invasion assays were used to detect the mobility of PC cells. The cytokines derived from monocytes were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blotting was utilized to assess the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers. The expression level of Snail in PC tissue was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results A high monocyte count was inversely correlated with lymph node status and 5-year overall survival in PC. The PC cells underwent a cellular morphology change and increased cell motility after coculture with THP-1 monocytes. The THP-1 monocytes secreted various proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1α (IL-1α), which activated the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway leading to the upregulation of Snail and thereby promoting the EMT of PC cells. The expression level of Snail correlated significantly with the density of peripheral blood monocytes, and their level status was significantly associated with 5-year overall survival. Conclusions These findings indicated that elevated monocytes counts were a poor prognostic marker in PC, and monocytes could directly induce the EMT process of PC cells by upregulating Snail expression through the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shangxiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoda Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaihong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Suzuki SR, Kuno A, Ozaki H. Cell-to-cell interaction analysis of prognostic ligand-receptor pairs in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101126. [PMID: 34522794 PMCID: PMC8426203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell interactions (CCIs) through ligand-receptor (LR) pairs in the tumor microenvironment underlie the poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, there is scant knowledge of the association of CCIs with PDAC prognosis, which is critical to the identification of potential therapeutic candidates. Here, we sought to identify the LR pairs associated with PDAC patient prognosis by integrating survival analysis and single-cell CCI prediction. Via survival analysis using gene expression from cancer cohorts, we found 199 prognostic LR pairs. CCI prediction based on single-cell RNA-seq data revealed the enriched LR pairs associated with poor prognosis. Notably, the CCIs involved epithelial tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and tumor-associated macrophages through integrin-related and ANXA1–FPR pairs. Finally, we determined that CCIs involving 33 poor-prognostic LR pairs were associated with tumor grade. Although the clinical implication of the set of LR pairs must be determined, our results may provide potential therapeutic targets in PDAC. We found 199 prognostic ligand-receptor pairs of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PDAC scRNA-seq data showed cell-cell interactions for the prognostic LR pairs. We determined that CCIs involving 33 LR pairs were associated with tumor grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka R Suzuki
- Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kuno
- Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Haruka Ozaki
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.,Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
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6
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Woolf Z, Swanson MEV, Smyth LC, Mee EW, Schweder P, Heppner P, Kim BJH, Turner C, Oldfield RL, Curtis MA, Faull RLM, Scotter EL, Park TIH, Dragunow M. Single-cell image analysis reveals a protective role for microglia in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab031. [PMID: 34286275 PMCID: PMC8284623 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute up to half of the total tumor mass of glioblastomas. Despite these myeloid populations being ontogenetically distinct, they have been largely conflated. Recent single-cell transcriptomic studies have identified genes that distinguish microglia from TAMs. Here we investigated whether the translated proteins of genes enriched in microglial or TAM populations can be used to differentiate these myeloid cells in immunohistochemically stained human glioblastoma tissue. Methods Tissue sections from resected low-grade, meningioma, and glioblastoma (grade IV) tumors and epilepsy tissues were immunofluorescently triple-labeled for Iba1 (pan-myeloid marker), CD14 or CD163 (preferential TAM markers), and either P2RY12 or TMEM119 (microglial-specific markers). Using a single-cell-based image analysis pipeline, we quantified the abundance of each marker within single myeloid cells, allowing the identification and analysis of myeloid populations. Results P2RY12 and TMEM119 successfully discriminated microglia from TAMs in glioblastoma. In contrast, CD14 and CD163 expression were not restricted to invading TAMs and were upregulated by tumor microglia. Notably, a higher ratio of microglia to TAMs significantly correlated with increased patient survival. Conclusions We demonstrate the validity of previously defined microglial-specific genes P2RY12 and TMEM119 as robust discriminators of microglia and TAMs at the protein level in human tissue. Moreover, our data suggest that a higher proportion of microglia may be beneficial for patient survival in glioblastoma. Accordingly, this tissue-based method for myeloid population differentiation could serve as a useful prognostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Woolf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Molly E V Swanson
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Leon C Smyth
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Edward W Mee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Patrick Schweder
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Neurosurgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter Heppner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bernard J H Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clinton Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robyn L Oldfield
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maurice A Curtis
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emma L Scotter
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Thomas I-H Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Dragunow
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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7
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Abdel Mouti M, Pauklin S. TGFB1/INHBA Homodimer/Nodal-SMAD2/3 Signaling Network: A Pivotal Molecular Target in PDAC Treatment. Mol Ther 2021; 29:920-936. [PMID: 33429081 PMCID: PMC7934636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains a grueling disease that is projected to become the second-deadliest cancer in the next decade. Standard treatment of pancreatic cancer is chemotherapy, which mainly targets the differentiated population of tumor cells; however, it paradoxically sets the roots of tumor relapse by the selective enrichment of intrinsically chemoresistant pancreatic cancer stem cells that are equipped with an indefinite capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, resulting in tumor regeneration and an overall anemic response to chemotherapy. Crosstalk between pancreatic tumor cells and the surrounding stromal microenvironment is also involved in the development of chemoresistance by creating a supportive niche, which enhances the stemness features and tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, the desmoplastic nature of the tumor-associated stroma acts as a physical barrier, which limits the intratumoral delivery of chemotherapeutics. In this review, we mainly focus on the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1)/inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA) homodimer/Nodal-SMAD2/3 signaling network in pancreatic cancer as a pivotal central node that regulates multiple key mechanisms involved in the development of chemoresistance, including enhancement of the stem cell-like properties and tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells, mediating cooperative interactions between pancreatic cancer cells and the surrounding stroma, as well as regulating the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Abdel Mouti
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Headington, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Headington, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK.
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8
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McGuigan AJ, Coleman HG, McCain RS, Kelly PJ, Johnston DI, Taylor MA, Turkington RC. Immune cell infiltrates as prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pathol Clin Res 2021; 7:99-112. [PMID: 33481339 PMCID: PMC7869931 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immune cell infiltration has been identified as a prognostic biomarker in several cancers. However, no immune based biomarker has yet been validated for use in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of immune cell infiltration, measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC), as a prognostic biomarker in PDAC. All other IHC prognostic biomarkers in PDAC were also summarised. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched between 1998 and 2018. Studies investigating IHC biomarkers and prognosis in PDAC were included. REMARK score and Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used for qualitative analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to pool results, where possible. Twenty-six articles studied immune cell infiltration IHC biomarkers and PDAC prognosis. Meta-analysis found high infiltration with CD4 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.51-0.83.) and CD8 (HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.55-0.84.) T-lymphocytes associated with better disease-free survival. Reduced overall survival was associated with high CD163 (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.03-2.56). Infiltration of CD3, CD20, FoxP3 and CD68 cells, and PD-L1 expression was not prognostic. In total, 708 prognostic biomarkers were identified in 1101 studies. In summary, high CD4 and CD8 infiltration are associated with better disease-free survival in PDAC. Increased CD163 is adversely prognostic. Despite the publication of 708 IHC prognostic biomarkers in PDAC, none has been validated for clinical use. Further research should focus on reproducibility of prognostic biomarkers in PDAC in order to achieve this.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Disease-Free Survival
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Pancreatic Neoplasms
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J McGuigan
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer ResearchQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Helen G Coleman
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer ResearchQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
- Centre for Public HealthQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - R Stephen McCain
- Centre for Public HealthQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryMater Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care TrustBelfastUK
| | - Paul J Kelly
- Department of Tissue PathologyRoyal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care TrustBelfastUK
| | - David I Johnston
- Northern Ireland Cancer CentreBelfast Health and Social Care TrustBelfastUK
| | - Mark A Taylor
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryMater Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care TrustBelfastUK
| | - Richard C Turkington
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer ResearchQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
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9
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Davis JM, Cheng B, Drake MM, Yu Q, Yang B, Li J, Liu C, Younes M, Zhao X, Bailey JM, Shen Q, Ko TC, Cao Y. Pancreatic stromal Gremlin 1 expression during pancreatic tumorigenesis. Genes Dis 2020; 9:108-115. [PMID: 35005111 PMCID: PMC8720668 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a major risk factor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). How CP promotes pancreatic oncogenesis remains unclear. A characteristic feature of PDAC is its prominent desmoplasia in the tumor microenvironment, composed of activated fibroblasts and macrophages. Macrophages can be characterized as M1 or M2, with tumor-inhibiting or -promoting functions, respectively. We reported that Gremlin 1 (GREM1), a key pro-fibrogenic factor, is upregulated in the stroma of CP. The current study aimed to investigate the expression of GREM1 and correlation between GREM1 and macrophages within the pancreas during chronic inflammation and the development of PDAC. By mRNA in situ hybridization, we detected GREM1 mRNA expression within α-smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive fibroblasts of the pancreatic stroma. These designated FibroblastsGrem1+ marginally increased from CP to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and PDAC. Within PDAC, FibroblastsGrem1+ increased with higher pathological tumor stages and in a majority of PDAC subtypes screened. Additionally, FibroblastsGrem1+ positively correlated with total macrophages (MacCD68+) and M2 macrophages (M2CD163+) in PDAC. To begin exploring potential molecular links between FibroblastsGrem1+ and macrophages in PDAC, we examined the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an endogenous counteracting molecule of GREM1 and an M1 macrophage promoting factor. By IHC staining of MIF, we found MIF to be expressed by tumor cells, positively correlated with GREM1; by IHC co-staining, we found MIF to be negatively correlated with M2CD163+ expression. Our findings suggest that GREM1 expression by activated fibroblasts may promote PDAC development, and GREM1/MIF may play an important role in macrophage phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy M Davis
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Binglu Cheng
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Madeline M Drake
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Baibing Yang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mamoun Younes
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiurong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer M Bailey
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qiang Shen
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Tien C Ko
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanna Cao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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10
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Abstract
Introduction: The dismally slow improvement in patient survival over the years for pancreatic cancer patients is mainly due to two factors: the late diagnosis, at which point the disease is spread to distant organs; and the fact that tumor cells are surrounded by a dense, highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. The tumor microenvironment not only shields pancreatic cancer cells from chemotherapy but also leaves it unsusceptible to various immunotherapeutic strategies that have been proven successful in other types of cancer. Areas covered: This review highlights the main components of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, how they cross-talk with each other to generate stroma and promote tumor growth. Additionally, we discuss the most promising treatment targets in the microenvironment whose modulation can be robustly tested in combination with standard of care chemotherapy. Currently, active clinical trials for pancreatic cancer involving components of the microenvironment are also listed. Expert opinion: Although immunotherapeutic approaches involving checkpoint inhibition are being pursued enthusiastically, there is still more work to be done with several other emerging immune targets that could provide therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veethika Pandey
- a Department of Cancer Biology , Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , FL , USA
| | - Peter Storz
- a Department of Cancer Biology , Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , FL , USA
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11
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Yu M, Guan R, Hong W, Zhou Y, Lin Y, Jin H, Hou B, Jian Z. Prognostic value of tumor-associated macrophages in pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:4041-4058. [PMID: 31118813 PMCID: PMC6504556 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s196951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) deserve more focus because of its pivotal role in the development of solid tumors and they are related to poor outcomes of several tumors. However, the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating TAMs in pancreatic cancer is still controversial. Experimental design: We conduct a meta-analysis of 1699 patients in 13 studies by reviewing the studies in which the authors evaluated the prognostic value of TAMs density in pancreatic cancer. These studies were searched from inception to November 2018. Hazard ratios (HR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were assessed to explore the prognostic significance of TAMs in pancreatic cancer. Besides, we also conducted a subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. Two reviewers independently abstracted data. Results: A total of 13 studies with 1699 patients were pooled in the analysis to evaluate prognostic value of TAMs in pancreatic cancer. The pooled HRs demonstrated CD68+ TAMs correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer patients (HR =1.41, 95% CI =1.05-1.90, random effects model, I2=82.5%, P=0.021). And high generalized M2-TAMs density was significantly associated with poor OS (HR =1.95, 95% CI =1.63-2.33, random effects model, I2=59.2%, P=0.000) and disease-free survival (HR =1.83, 95% CI =1.43-2.36, fixed effects model, I2=0.00%, P=0.000). Pooled analysis showed no significant correlation between elevated TAMs infiltration and lymph node metastasis, tumor stage, histological grade, sex, or tumor location. Conclusion: The density of TAMs has an impact on the overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients. M2-TAMs can be recognized as a prognostic indicator in pancreatic cancer, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Min Yu; Zhixiang JianDepartment of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106, Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 185 8852 1168 Email ;
| | - Renguo Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Hong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baohua Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Kuwada K, Kagawa S, Yoshida R, Sakamoto S, Ito A, Watanabe M, Ieda T, Kuroda S, Kikuchi S, Tazawa H, Fujiwara T. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by tumor-associated macrophages confers chemoresistance in peritoneally disseminated pancreatic cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:307. [PMID: 30537992 PMCID: PMC6288926 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The peritoneum is one of the most frequent metastatic sites in pancreatic cancer patients, and peritoneal dissemination makes this disease refractory due to aggressive progression and chemoresistance. Although the role of the tumor microenvironment in cancer development is recognized, the correlation between the peritoneal environment and refractoriness of peritoneal dissemination remains unclear. The intraperitoneal tumor-microenvironment and its potential role in the progression of peritoneal dissemination and chemo-refractoriness, focusing especially on macrophages, were investigated. Materials and methods Peritoneal washes were obtained from pancreatic cancer patients, and cellular components were subjected to immunofluorescence assays. The effects of macrophages induced from monocytic THP-1 cells on pancreatic cancer cells were examined in co-culture conditions. The in vivo effects of macrophages on tumor growth and chemo-sensitivity were investigated by subcutaneously or intraperitoneally co-injecting cancer cells with macrophages into mice. Results CD204-positive macrophages were present along with cancer cells in the peritoneal washes. In in vitro co-culture, tumor-associated macrophages affected pancreatic cancer cells, induced the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and made them more resistant to chemotherapeutic agents. M2 macrophages promoted growth of both subcutaneous tumors and peritoneal dissemination in mice. Furthermore, co-inoculation of M2 macrophages conferred chemoresistance in the peritoneal dissemination mouse model, which significantly shortened their survival. Conclusion Intraperitoneal tumor-associated macrophages potentially play an important role in promotion of peritoneal dissemination and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer via EMT induction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0981-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Kuwada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan. .,Minimally Invasive Therapy Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Ryuichi Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shuichi Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Atene Ito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ieda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinji Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.,Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoru Kikuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.,Minimally Invasive Therapy Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tazawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.,Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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13
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Chen S, Lian G, Li J, Zhang Q, Zeng L, Yang K, Huang C, Li Y, Chen Y, Huang K. Tumor-driven like macrophages induced by conditioned media from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma promote tumor metastasis via secreting IL-8. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5679-5690. [PMID: 30311406 PMCID: PMC6246928 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant population of inflammatory cells which play an essential role in remodeling tumor microenvironment and tumor progression. Previously, we found the high density of TAMs was correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the mechanisms of interaction between TAMs and PDAC. THP-1 monocytes were the exposure to conditioned media (CM) produced by PDAC cells; then, monocyte recruitment and macrophage differentiation were assessed. CM from PDAC attracted and polarized THP-1 monocytes to tumor-driven like macrophages. mRNA expression cytokine profiling and ELISA identified the IL-8 secretion was increasing in tumor-driven like macrophages, and STAT3 pathway was involved. Addition of exogenous recombinant human IL-8 promoted PDAC cells motility in vitro and metastasis in vivo via upregulating Twist expression, which mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells. What is more, IL-8 expression level in tumor stroma by immunohistochemical analysis was related to lymph node metastasis, the number of tumor CD68 but not CD163 positive macrophages and patient outcome. Taken together, these findings shed light on the important interplay between cancer cells and TAMs in tumor microenvironment and suggested that IL-8 signaling might be a potential therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao‐jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Guo‐da Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jia‐jia Li
- Department of NephrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiu‐bo Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyLihuili Hospital of Ningbo Medical CenterNingboChina
| | - Lin‐juan Zeng
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Ke‐ge Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chu‐mei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ya‐qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yin‐ting Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Kai‐hong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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14
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Binenbaum Y, Fridman E, Yaari Z, Milman N, Schroeder A, Ben David G, Shlomi T, Gil Z. Transfer of miRNA in Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Induces Drug Resistance in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5287-5299. [PMID: 30042153 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known for its resistance to gemcitabine, which acts to inhibit cell growth by termination of DNA replication. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) were recently shown to contribute to gemcitabine resistance; however, the exact mechanism of this process is still unclear. Using a genetic mouse model of PDAC and electron microscopy analysis, we show that TAM communicate with the tumor microenvironment via secretion of approximately 90 nm vesicles, which are selectively internalized by cancer cells. Transfection of artificial dsDNA (barcode fragment) to murine peritoneal macrophages and injection to mice bearing PDAC tumors revealed a 4-log higher concentration of the barcode fragment in primary tumors and in liver metastasis than in normal tissue. These macrophage-derived exosomes (MDE) significantly decreased the sensitivity of PDAC cells to gemcitabine, in vitro and in vivo This effect was mediated by the transfer of miR-365 in MDE. miR-365 impaired activation of gemcitabine by upregulation of the triphospho-nucleotide pool in cancer cells and the induction of the enzyme cytidine deaminase; the latter inactivates gemcitabine. Adoptive transfer of miR-365 in TAM induced gemcitabine resistance in PDAC-bearing mice, whereas immune transfer of the miR-365 antagonist recovered the sensitivity to gemcitabine. Mice deficient of Rab27 a/b genes, which lack exosomal secretion, responded significantly better to gemcitabine than did wildtype. These results identify MDE as key regulators of gemcitabine resistance in PDAC and demonstrate that blocking miR-365 can potentiate gemcitabine response.Significance: Harnessing macrophage-derived exosomes as conveyers of antagomiRs augments the effect of chemotherapy against cancer, opening new therapeutic options against malignancies where resistance to nucleotide analogs remains an obstacle to overcome. Cancer Res; 78(18); 5287-99. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Binenbaum
- The Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eran Fridman
- The Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zvi Yaari
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Neta Milman
- The Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avi Schroeder
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gil Ben David
- The Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tomer Shlomi
- Departments of Computer Science and Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ziv Gil
- The Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel. .,Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Institute of Medicine and Research, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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15
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Cui R, Yue W, Lattime EC, Stein MN, Xu Q, Tan XL. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages to combat pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50735-50754. [PMID: 27191744 PMCID: PMC5226617 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is replete with cells that evolve with and provide support to tumor cells during the transition to malignancy. The hijacking of the immune system in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment is suggested to contribute to the failure to date to produce significant improvements in pancreatic cancer survival by various chemotherapeutics. Regulatory T cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells, and fibroblasts, all of which constitute a complex ecology microenvironment, can suppress CD8+ T cells and NK cells, thus inhibiting effector immune responses. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are versatile immune cells that can express different functional programs in response to stimuli in tumor microenvironment at different stages of pancreatic cancer development. TAM have been implicated in suppression of anti-tumorigenic immune responses, promotion of cancer cell proliferation, stimulation of tumor angiogenesis and extracellular matrix breakdown, and subsequent enhancement of tumor invasion and metastasis. Many emerging agents that have demonstrated efficacy in combating other types of tumors via modulation of macrophages in tumor microenvironments are, however, only marginally studied for pancreatic cancer prevention and treatment. A better understanding of the paradoxical roles of TAM in pancreatic cancer may pave the way to novel preventive and therapeutic approaches. Here we give an overview of the recruitment and differentiation of macrophages, TAM and pancreatic cancer progression and prognosis, as well as the potential preventive and therapeutic targets that interact with TAM for pancreatic cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Cui
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yue
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Edmund C Lattime
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Mark N Stein
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Lin Tan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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16
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Soave DF, Miguel MP, Tomé FD, de Menezes LB, Nagib PR, Celes MR. The Fate of the Tumor in the Hands of Microenvironment: Role of TAMs and mTOR Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:8910520. [PMID: 28074082 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8910520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2000, written with elegance and accuracy, Hanahan and Weinberg have proposed six major hallmarks of cancer and, together, they provide great advances to the understanding of tumoral biology. Our knowledge about tumor behavior has improved and the investigators have now recognized that inflammatory microenvironment may be a new feature for the tumor entities. Macrophages are considered as an important component of tumoral microenvironment. Biologically, two forms of activated macrophages can be observed: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternative activated macrophages (M2). Despite the canonical pathways that control this puzzle of macrophages polarization, recently, mTOR signaling pathway has been implicated as an important piece in determining the metabolic and functional differentiation of M1 and M2 profiles. Currently, it is believed that macrophages related to tumoral microenvironment present an “M2-like” feature promoting an immunosuppressive microenvironment enhancing tumoral angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. In the present review we discuss the role of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment and the role of mTOR pathway in M1 and M2 differentiation. We also discuss the recent findings in M1 and M2 polarization as a possible target in the cancer therapy.
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Sun S, Pan X, Zhao L, Zhou J, Wang H, Sun Y. The Expression and Relationship of CD68-Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Microvascular Density With the Prognosis of Patients With Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 9:270-7. [PMID: 27337949 PMCID: PMC4996099 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2015.01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. We sought to identify the expression of CD68-tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and CD34-microvascular density (MVD) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), to study the relationship with clinical pathological parameters and to determine whether their expression is predictive of disease. Methods. Pathologically confirmed 45 LSCC tissue and 20 peritumoral non-tumor tissue were examined. Immunohistochemical studies were used to detect the expression of CD68-TAMs and CD34-MVD. Results. The positive expression rate of CD68 in LSCC tissue was 82% (37/45), which was higher than the 10% (2/20) expression rate of the peritumoral tissue (P<0.05). The CD34-MVD positive expression rate in the LSCC tissue was 26.5±6.4, which obviously higher than 12.2±4.0 expression rate of the peritumoral tissue (P<0.05). The positive expression rates of both CD68 and CD34-MVD were higher in the lymph node metastasis (LNM) positive group than in the LNM negative group. The expression of CD68 had positive correlation with CD34-MVD. The 5-year disease-free survival rate in the group with the low CD68 expression was significantly higher than that in the group with high CD68 expression (76% vs. 42%, respectively). Conclusion. The high expression of CD68-TAMs in LSCC and its positive correlation with CD34-MVD illustrates that both play an important role in promoting the metastasis and angiogenesis of this cancer. Their expression was also positively correlated with the prognoses of these patients, suggesting that they could be used as important prognostic markers for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinliang Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Limin Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jianming Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongzeng Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yonghong Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Caso R, Miller G. Role of tumor associated macrophages in regulating pancreatic cancer progression. World J Immunol 2016; 6:9-18. [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v6.i1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Unfortunately, patient survival has not substantially improved in the last couple of decades despite advances in treatment modalities that have been successful in other cancer types. The poor response of pancreatic cancer to therapy is a major obstacle faced by clinicians. Increasing attention is being paid to how tumor cells and non-tumor cells influence each other in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a highlight in this field because of their vast presence in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and suppress the anti-tumor immune response. Here we review the current understanding of the role of TAMs in regulating the progression of pancreatic cancer.
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Zhang Q, Zeng L, Chen Y, Lian G, Qian C, Chen S, Li J, Huang K. Pancreatic Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2016; 2016:8962321. [PMID: 26941789 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8962321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PC (pancreatic cancer) is the fourth most common cause of death due to cancer worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates have been increasing year by year worldwide, and this review has analyzed the most recent incidence and mortality data for pancreatic cancer occurrence in China. Several possible risk factors have been discussed here, involving known established risk factors and novel possible risk factors. The development of this cancer is a stepwise progression through intraepithelial neoplasia to carcinoma. Though early and accurate diagnosis is promising based on a combination of recent techniques including tumor markers and imaging modalities, lacking early clinical symptoms makes the diagnosis late. Correct staging is critical because treatment is generally based on this parameter. Treatment options have improved throughout the last decades. However, surgical excision remains the primary therapy and efficacy of conventional chemoradiotherapy for PC is limited. Recently, some novel new therapies have been developed and will be applied in clinics soon. This review will provide an overview of pancreatic cancer, including an understanding of the developments and controversies.
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Hu H, Hang JJ, Han T, Zhuo M, Jiao F, Wang LW. The M2 phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages in the stroma confers a poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Tumour Biol. 2016;37:8657-8664. [PMID: 26738860 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a critical role in the initiation and progression of various solid tumors. However, their prognostic significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is poorly understood. This study investigated the distribution patterns of macrophages in PDAC and possible association with the overall survival (OS). We found significant differences in macrophage density (identified by CD68 and CD163 immunopositivity; p < 0.001 for both) between primary cancer and paired adjacent normal tissues. Most macrophages in cancerous pancreatic tissues were located in the stroma rather than the islets (p = 0.032 and p < 0.001). We also demonstrated that a high total macrophage density (characterized by CD68 immunopositivity) correlated with an absence of jaundice before surgery (p = 0.03) and that a high density of M2 macrophages (characterized by CD163 immunopositivity) in the stroma strongly correlated with the tumors located in the tail and body of the pancreas (p = 0.04). In addition, OS was shorter in patients with high-density M2 macrophage infiltration than in those with low-density M2 macrophage infiltration (p = 0.012). Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that dense M2 macrophage infiltration into the stroma was an independent prognostic factor for PDAC patients (p = 0.02).
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Thanee M, Loilome W, Techasen A, Namwat N, Boonmars T, Pairojkul C, Yongvanit P. Quantitative changes in tumor-associated M2 macrophages characterize cholangiocarcinoma and their association with metastasis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:3043-50. [PMID: 25854403 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.7.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes numerous non-neoplastic cells such as leukocytes and fibroblasts that surround the neoplasm and influence its growth. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are documented as key players in facilitating cancer appearance and progression. Alteration of the macrophage (CD68, CD163) and fibroblast (α-SMA, FSP-1) cells in Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov)-induced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) was here assessed using liver tissues from an established hamster model and from 43 human cases using immunohistochemistry. We further investigated whether M2-activated TAMs influence CCA cell migration ability by wound healing assay and Western blot analysis. Macrophages and fibroblasts change their phenotypes to M2-TAMs (CD68+, CD163+) and CAFs (α-SMA+, FSP-1+), respectively in the early stages of carcinogenesis. Interestingly, a high density of the M2-TAMs CCA in patients is significantly associated with the presence of extrahepatic metastases (p=0.021). Similarly, CD163+ CCA cells are correlated with metastases (p=0.002), and they may be representative of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) with increased metastatic activity. We further showed that M2-TAM conditioned medium can induce CCA cell migration as well as increase N-cadherin expression (mesenchymal marker). The present work revealed that significant TME changes occur at an early stage of Ov-induced carcinogenesis and that M2-TAMs are key factors contributing to CCA metastasis, possibly via EMT processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malinee Thanee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand E-mail : ;
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Incio J, Suboj P, Chin SM, Vardam-Kaur T, Liu H, Hato T, Babykutty S, Chen I, Deshpande V, Jain RK, Fukumura D. Metformin Reduces Desmoplasia in Pancreatic Cancer by Reprogramming Stellate Cells and Tumor-Associated Macrophages. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141392. [PMID: 26641266 PMCID: PMC4671732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly desmoplastic tumor with a dismal prognosis for most patients. Fibrosis and inflammation are hallmarks of tumor desmoplasia. We have previously demonstrated that preventing the activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and alleviating desmoplasia are beneficial strategies in treating PDAC. Metformin is a widely used glucose-lowering drug. It is also frequently prescribed to diabetic pancreatic cancer patients and has been shown to associate with a better outcome. However, the underlying mechanisms of this benefit remain unclear. Metformin has been found to modulate the activity of stellate cells in other disease settings. In this study, we examine the effect of metformin on PSC activity, fibrosis and inflammation in PDACs. Methods/Results In overweight, diabetic PDAC patients and pre-clinical mouse models, treatment with metformin reduced levels of tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) components, in particular hyaluronan (HA). In vitro, we found that metformin reduced TGF-ß signaling and the production of HA and collagen-I in cultured PSCs. Furthermore, we found that metformin alleviates tumor inflammation by reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β as well as infiltration and M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in vitro and in vivo. These effects on macrophages in vitro appear to be associated with a modulation of the AMPK/STAT3 pathway by metformin. Finally, we found in our preclinical models that the alleviation of desmoplasia by metformin was associated with a reduction in ECM remodeling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ultimately systemic metastasis. Conclusion Metformin alleviates the fibro-inflammatory microenvironment in obese/diabetic individuals with pancreatic cancer by reprogramming PSCs and TAMs, which correlates with reduced disease progression. Metformin should be tested/explored as part of the treatment strategy in overweight diabetic PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Incio
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital S. Joao, Porto, Portugal
- I3S, Institute for Innovation and Research in Heath, Metabolism, Nutrition and Endocrinology group, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Priya Suboj
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, St. Xaviers College, Thumba, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Shan M. Chin
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Trupti Vardam-Kaur
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hao Liu
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tai Hato
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suboj Babykutty
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Zoology, Mar Ivanios College, Nalanchira, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Ivy Chen
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vikram Deshpande
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RKJ); (DF)
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RKJ); (DF)
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Hu W, Li X, Zhang C, Yang Y, Jiang J, Wu C. Tumor-associated macrophages in cancers. Clin Transl Oncol 2016; 18:251-8. [PMID: 26264497 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major component of leukocytic infiltrate of tumors and play important roles in progression and regression of tumors. Tumor microenvironment determines the mutual conversion between M1 and M2 macrophages. In many kinds of tumors, M2 type macrophages are of the majority in TAMs and promote tumor progression and metastasis. The dynamic balance and interaction between TAMs and tumor cells have important effects on the occurrence and development of tumor. TAMs in malignant tumors are useful for clinical diagnosis and may provide a novel target for cancer treatment.
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