1
|
Wen T, Wang W, Chen X. Recent advances in esophageal squamous cell precancerous conditions: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32192. [PMID: 36550838 PMCID: PMC9771210 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common cancer in many developing countries in Asia and Africa, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 20%. Most cases are diagnosed at an advanced age when there is no effective treatment strategy. Esophageal precancerous conditions have a much better prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of over 90% by endoscopic diagnosis and treatment. Nevertheless, limitations, contraindications, and lymph node metastasis incompetency of endoscopy. Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal precancerous lesions remain a significant challenge. Biomarker investigations provide opportunities for target detection and therapy. Additionally, drug development is ongoing. Changes in lifestyle habits, such as diet balance, smoking and alcohol cessation, are beneficial for the prognosis of esophageal precancerous lesions. Collectively, multiple and sequential diagnoses and treatments are essential for curing esophageal precancerous lesions and reducing the incidence and mortality of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Wen
- Pharmacy Department, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of clinical laboratory, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xinran Chen
- Pharmacy Department, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
- * Correspondence: Xinran Chen, Pharmacy Department, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, PR China (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deshpande NP, Riordan SM, Gorman CJ, Nielsen S, Russell TL, Correa-Ospina C, Fernando BSM, Waters SA, Castaño-Rodríguez N, Man SM, Tedla N, Wilkins MR, Kaakoush NO. Multi-omics of the esophageal microenvironment identifies signatures associated with progression of Barrett's esophagus. Genome Med 2021; 13:133. [PMID: 34412659 PMCID: PMC8375061 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The enrichment of Gram-negative bacteria of oral origin in the esophageal microbiome has been associated with the development of metaplasia. However, to date, no study has comprehensively assessed the relationships between the esophageal microbiome and the host. METHODS Here, we examine the esophageal microenvironment in gastro-esophageal reflux disease and metaplasia using multi-omics strategies targeting the microbiome and host transcriptome, followed by targeted culture, comparative genomics, and host-microbial interaction studies of bacterial signatures of interest. RESULTS Profiling of the host transcriptome from esophageal mucosal biopsies revealed profound changes during metaplasia. Importantly, five biomarkers showed consistent longitudinal changes with disease progression from reflux disease to metaplasia. We showed for the first time that the esophageal microbiome is distinct from the salivary microbiome and the enrichment of Campylobacter species as a consistent signature in disease across two independent cohorts. Shape fitting and matrix correlation identified associations between the microbiome and host transcriptome profiles, with a novel co-exclusion relationship found between Campylobacter and napsin B aspartic peptidase. Targeted culture of Campylobacter species from the same cohort revealed a subset of isolates to have a higher capacity to survive within primary human macrophages. Comparative genomic analyses showed these isolates could be differentiated by specific genomic features, one of which was validated to be associated with intracellular fitness. Screening for these Campylobacter strain-specific signatures in shotgun metagenomics data from another cohort showed an increase in prevalence with disease progression. Comparative transcriptomic analyses of primary esophageal epithelial cells exposed to the Campylobacter isolates revealed expression changes within those infected with strains with high intracellular fitness that could explain the increased likelihood of disease progression. CONCLUSIONS We provide a comprehensive assessment of the esophageal microenvironment, identifying bacterial strain-specific signatures with high relevance to progression of metaplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nandan P Deshpande
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen M Riordan
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Claire J Gorman
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shaun Nielsen
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tonia L Russell
- Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Bentotage S M Fernando
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Si Ming Man
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Nicodemus Tedla
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Marc R Wilkins
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fukahori M, Kato K, Taniguchi H, Ohtomo R, Takahashi N, Shoji H, Iwasa S, Honma Y, Takashima A, Hamaguchi T, Yamada Y, Shimada Y, Ito Y, Itami J, Hokamura N, Igaki H, Tachimori Y, Miwa K, Torimura T, Boku N. Relationship between cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and human papilloma virus infection and gene mutations. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 14:41. [PMID: 33437479 PMCID: PMC7788557 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (CESCC) is rare, accounting for 5% of all esophageal carcinomas. Several diagnostic and predictive markers have been studied. However, to the best of our knowledge, no biomarker is known to determine patient management except the clinical stage. The present study aimed to evaluate whether human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its pathway-related gene mutations, known to be sensitive biomarkers of oropharyngeal carcinomas, could be used as biomarkers for the prediction of the prognosis of patients with CESCC. The present retrospective study included patients with CESCC who received chemoradiotherapy or surgery. HPV infection and the genomic status of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, NRAS and PIK3CA of each tumor sample from patients with CESCC were analyzed by in situ hybridizations (ISH) and PCR methods, respectively. The present study included 33 patients with CESCC (male/female, 29/4; median age, 62 years; age range, 41-86 years; clinical stage I/II/III/IV, 2/6/10/15). The present study detected HPV in one patient (3.0%) by ISH and PCR. Concerning the investigation of EGFR and its pathway-related gene mutations, the present study detected 15.1% of EGFR, 6.0% of NRAS, 3.5% of BRAF, 3.0% of KRAS and 3.0% for PIK3CA mutations, with no significant relationship between any gene mutations and the clinical prognostic factors. The HPV-infected patient did not exhibit any gene mutations. The present study indicated that HPV infection, EGFR and its pathway-related gene mutations rarely exist in patients with CESCC. The relationship between these biomarkers and the prognosis in patients with CESCC is still unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Fukahori
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.,Multidisciplinary Treatment Cancer Center, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Rie Ohtomo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, JR Tokyo General Hospital, Shibuya, Tokyo 151-8528, Japan
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Shoji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Satoru Iwasa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Atsuo Takashima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hamaguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shimada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Jun Itami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Hokamura
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Igaki
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yuji Tachimori
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miwa
- Multidisciplinary Treatment Cancer Center, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Takuji Torimura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Narikazu Boku
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shen S, Zhu Y, Lu H, Zhang C, Yang W, Xu W. Transcription factor early growth response-1 plays an oncogenic role in salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:197-207. [PMID: 31786685 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although abnormal expression of early growth response-1 (Egr1) has been revealed in various human solid tumors, the functions and potential mechanisms of Egr1 in the progression of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma (SGPA) are not entirely understood. RESULTS An elevated expression of Egr1 was observed both in the human salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma tissues and tumor-initiating cell (TIC) cells, when compared with control group. By loss-of-function assay, the proliferation and invasion capacities of TICs were inhibited, while the cell apoptosis was promoted, which were further evidenced by the protein expression analysis of several key apoptosis-related regulators. Furthermore, TICs with Mithramycin A (an Egr1 inhibitor) treatment achieved the same effects of endogenous Egr1 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS All these data collectively suggest that Egr1 act as an oncogenic factor in salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma, which may be a potential target for the treatment of SGPA.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhong JT, Wang HJ, Yu J, Zhang JH, Wang SF, Yang X, Su W. Correlations of the expressions of c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2018; 19:213-220. [PMID: 28269757 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-161710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study intended to explore the correlation of the expressions of c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). From January 2008 to January 2011, 123 NPC patients and 59 patients with chronic rhinitis were enrolled in this study. Fresh NPC and normal nasopharynx tissue specimens were obtained during surgery. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was adopted to determine the positive expressions of the c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins. A 5-year clinical follow-up was conducted on all NPC patients. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression model were used for survival analysis. Compared with normal nasopharynx tissues, c-Jun expression was up-regulated but Egr-1 expression was down-regulated in NPC tissues. NPC patients with stage T3-T4 or stage III-IV had higher positive rates of c-Jun expression than those with stage T1-T2 or stage I-II. However, the positive rates of Egr-1 expression was higher in patients with stage T1-T2 or stage III-IV than those with stage T3-T4 or stage I-II. The survival rate of NPC patients with high c-Jun expression was lower than those with low/negative c-Jun expression, while the survival rate of NPC patients with high Egr-1 expression was higher than those with low/negative Egr-1 expression. The Cox regression analysis revealed that stage T3-T4, high c-Jun expression, and low Egr-1 expression were risk factors for poor prognosis of NPC patients. In conclusion, our study suggests that the c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins can serve as novel potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Teng Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Hai-Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China
| | - Jing-Hang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China
| | - Shi-Feng Wang
- Pediatric Rescue Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Pediatric Rescue Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China.,Clinical Molecular Pathology Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park SY, Kim JY, Lee SM, Chung JO, Lee KH, Jun CH, Park CH, Kim HS, Choi SK, Rew JS, Jung YD, Lee YH. Expression of early growth response gene-1 in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2710-2715. [PMID: 27698846 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between the expression of early growth response gene-1 (EGR-1) and the progression of gastric cancers at advanced stages. However, the effects of EGR-1 expression on human gastric cancer progression, particularly on precancerous lesions, have not been investigated. In this study, we evaluate EGR-1 expression levels in target mucosa from patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, and assess whether EGR-1 expression affects the oncogenic phenotypes of human gastric cancer cells. EGR-1 protein levels were measured in tissues from subjects with normal mucosa (n=6), low-grade dysplasia (n=6), high-grade dysplasia (n=4) and adenocarcinoma (n=3) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry analyses. We also investigated the role of EGR-1 in tumor cell behavior by transiently expressing a dominant active EGR-1 variant in cultured cells. A positive correlation was observed between EGR-1 expression and gastric carcinogenesis (P=0.016). Furthermore, there was an increase in nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of EGR-1 in accordance with the histological grade (P for trends=0.003 and 0.003, respectively), and a positive association between the sum of the nuclear and cytoplasmic EGR-1 expression values and the histological grade (P=0.003). In addition, transient overexpression of EGR-1 enhanced cell proliferation, stimulated cell migration, and promoted the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and AKT in gastric cancer cells in vitro. Our findings demonstrate that EGR-1 may contribute to the early stages of gastric carcinogenesis via the alteration of tumor cell behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Young Park
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ook Chung
- Department of Endocrinology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Hwan Jun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Park
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Rew
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Han Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hoeben A, Polak J, Van De Voorde L, Hoebers F, Grabsch HI, de Vos-Geelen J. Cervical esophageal cancer: a gap in cancer knowledge. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:1664-74. [PMID: 27117535 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the diagnosis, treatment options and treatment-related complications of cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC) and to subsequently provide recommendations to improve quality of care. DESIGN Studies were identified in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. A total of 107 publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included. RESULTS CEC is uncommon, accounting for 2%-10% of all esophageal carcinomas. These tumors are often locally advanced at presentation and have a poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival of 30%. Tobacco and alcohol consumption seem to be the major risk factors for developing CEC. Surgery is usually not possible due to the very close relationship to other organs such as the larynx, trachea and thyroid gland. Therefore, the current standard of care is definitive chemoradiation (dCRT) with curative intent. Treatment regimens used to treat CEC are adapted by established regimens in lower esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, dCRT may be accompanied by severe side-effects and complications. Several diagnostic and predictive markers have been studied, but currently, there is no other biomarker than clinical stage to determine patient management. Suggestions to improve patient outcomes are to determine the exact radiation dose needed for adequate locoregional control and to combine radiotherapy with optimal systemic therapy backbone. CONCLUSION CEC remains unchartered territory for many practising physicians and patients with CEC have a poor prognosis. To improve the outcome for CEC patients, future studies should focus on the identification of new diagnostic biomarkers or targets for radiosensitizers, amelioration of radiation schedules, optimal combination of chemotherapeutic agents and/or new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hoeben
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology
| | - J Polak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology
| | | | - F Hoebers
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Clinic)
| | - H I Grabsch
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Pathology & Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Cancer Studies and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J de Vos-Geelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He J, Yu JJ, Xu Q, Wang L, Zheng JZ, Liu LZ, Jiang BH. Downregulation of ATG14 by EGR1-MIR152 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by inhibiting cyto-protective autophagy. Autophagy 2016; 11:373-84. [PMID: 25650716 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1009781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is commonly used in ovarian cancer treatment by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells as a result of lethal DNA damage. However, the intrinsic and acquired resistance to cisplatin in cancer cells remains a big challenge for improving overall survival. The cyto-protective functions of autophagy in cancer cells have been suggested as a potential mechanism for chemoresistance. Here, we reported MIR152 as a new autophagy-regulating miRNA that plays a role in cisplatin-resistance. We showed that MIR152 expression was dramatically downregulated in the cisplatin-resistant cell lines A2780/CP70, SKOV3/DDP compared with their respective parental cells, and in ovarian cancer tissues associated with cisplatin-resistance. Overexpression of MIR152 sensitized cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells by reducing cisplatin-induced autophagy, enhancing cisplatin-induced apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation. A mouse subcutaneous xenograft tumor model using A2780/CP70 cells with overexpressing MIR152 was established and displayed decreased tumor growth in response to cisplatin. We also identified that ATG14 is a functional target of MIR152 in regulating autophagy inhibition. Furthermore, we found that EGR1 (early growth response 1) regulated the MIR152 gene at the transcriptional level. Ectopic expression of EGR1 enhanced efficacy of chemotherapy in A2780/CP70 cells. More importantly, these findings were relevant to clinical cases. Both EGR1 and MIR152 expression levels were significantly lower in ovarian cancer tissues with high levels of ERCC1 (excision repair cross-complementation group 1), a marker for cisplatin-resistance. Collectively, these data provide insights into novel mechanisms for acquired cisplatin-resistance. Activation of EGR1 and MIR152 may be a useful therapeutic strategy to overcome cisplatin-resistance by preventing cyto-protective autophagy in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Key Words
- ANXA5, annexin A5
- ATG14
- ATG14, autophagy-related 14
- CSF1, colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)
- EGR1
- EGR1, early growth response 1
- ERCC1
- ERCC1, excision repair cross-complementation group 1
- FOXO, forkhead box O
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- MAPILC3/LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
- MIR152
- MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
- PI, propidium iodide
- RPS6KB1, ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1
- SQSTM1, sequestosome 1
- autophagy
- cisplatin-resistance
- ovarian cancer
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- a State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Pathology ; Cancer Center ; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine; Nanjing Medical University ; Nanjing , China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jansen van Vuren P, Tiemessen CT, Paweska JT. Anti-nucleocapsid protein immune responses counteract pathogenic effects of Rift Valley fever virus infection in mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25027. [PMID: 21949840 PMCID: PMC3174991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The known virulence factor of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), the NSs protein, counteracts the antiviral effects of the type I interferon response. In this study we evaluated the expression of several genes in the liver and spleen involved in innate and adaptive immunity of mice immunized with a RVFV recombinant nucleocapsid protein (recNP) combined with Alhydrogel adjuvant and control animals after challenge with wild type RVFV. Mice immunized with recNP elicited an earlier IFNβ response after challenge compared to non-immunized controls. In the acute phase of liver infection in non-immunized mice there was a massive upregulation of type I and II interferon, accompanied by high viral titers, and the up- and downregulation of several genes involved in the activation of B- and T-cells, indicating that both humoral and cellular immunity is modulated during RVFV infection. Various genes involved in pro-inflammatory responses and with pro-apoptotic effects were strongly upregulated and anti-apoptotic genes were downregulated in liver of non-immunized mice. Expression of many genes involved in B- and T-cell immunity were downregulated in spleen of non-immunized mice but normal in immunized mice. A strong bias towards apoptosis and inflammation in non-immunized mice at an acute stage of liver infection associated with suppression of several genes involved in activation of humoral and cellular immunity in spleen, suggests that RVFV evades the host immune response in more ways than only by inhibition of type I interferon, and that immunopathology of the liver plays a crucial role in RVF disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petrus Jansen van Vuren
- Special Pathogens Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
- Division Virology and Communicable Diseases Surveillance, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Caroline T. Tiemessen
- Division Virology and Communicable Diseases Surveillance, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Cell Biology/AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Janusz T. Paweska
- Special Pathogens Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
- Division Virology and Communicable Diseases Surveillance, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dong GL, Xing LN, Liu XB, Liu W, Jin Q, Zhang SY. Early growth response-1 gene expression and its role in radiation-induced apoptosis of liver cancer cell lines. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2006; 14:2923-2927. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v14.i30.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the relationship between radiation-induced apoptosis and the expression of early growth response-1 (Egr-1) gene in liver cancer cell lines.
METHODS: The cultured cells (HepG2, SMMC-7721 and HL-7702) were irradiated at 4Gy X-radiation. The expression of Egr-1 gene was detected by fluorescent quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) before and 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 h after irradiation. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).
RESULTS: The expression of Egr-1 was increased from 1 to 4 h after irradiation in the three kinds of cell lines HepG2, SMMC-7721 and HL-7702, and the highest expression was in HepG2 cells (DEgrHepG2 = 12.9629 ± 1.0649), which was significantly higher than that in SMMC-7721 or HL-7702 cells (DEgr7721 = 0.0017 ± 0.0003, DEgr7702 = 0.0096 ± 0.0008, P < 0.01). Radiation-induced apoptosis was not significant 6 h after irradiation in all the three cell lines, but it reached the peak value at 12 in HepG2 (41.16%) and HL-7702 cells (27.45%). Radiation-induced apoptosis was still relatively low in SMMC-7721 cells at 24 h (24.94%). Radiation-induced changes of S phase and apoptosis was opposite in the tendency from 6 to 12 h in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells.
CONCLUSION: X-radiation may induce cell-cycle changes and cell apoptosis by up-regulation of Egr-1 gene expression, and radiation-induced apoptosis may be associated positively with Egr-1 expression level. HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells of S phase might be susceptible to apoptosis after irradiation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Golubovskaya V, Kaur A, Cance W. Cloning and characterization of the promoter region of human focal adhesion kinase gene: nuclear factor kappa B and p53 binding sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 1678:111-25. [PMID: 15157737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2004.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2003] [Revised: 02/25/2004] [Accepted: 03/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) gene encodes focal adhesion kinase that localizes at contact points of cells with extracellular matrix. It was shown that FAK expression is increased in a variety of malignancies, both at early and advanced stages of tumorigenesis. To understand mechanisms of FAK gene expression and regulation, we cloned and characterized the 5' promoter region of the FAK gene. The 1.2-kb fragment with FAK promoter was placed upstream of the luciferase reporter gene in a pGL3-Basic vector and transfected into different cell lines. Endogenous high-FAK-expressing cell lines showed high levels of luciferase activity in contrast to low-FAK-expressing cells, indicating on transcriptional level of FAK regulation. Serial deletion constructs revealed that a approximately 600 base pair region (-564 to +47) is required for the maximal FAK promoter activity. The 5'-flanking region of FAK is GC-rich and contains several potential transcription factor binding sites, including two NF-kappa B and p53 binding sites. Inhibition of NF-kappa B with NF-kappa B super-repressor decreased FAK luciferase activity. Induction with TNF-alpha increased luciferase activity confirming a role of NF-kappa B transcription factor in the FAK transcriptional activation. The binding of NF-kappa B and p53 transcription factors to the FAK promoter region was demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Cotransfection of NF-kappa B and p53 plasmids with FAK promoter luciferase constructs demonstrate induction and inhibition, respectively, of FAK luciferase activity. The results provide a molecular basis for analysis of FAK transcriptional regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vita Golubovskaya
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Wang YF, Xu AG, Hua YB, Wu WX. Effect of local CTLA4Ig gene transfection on acute rejection of small bowel allografts in rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:685-688. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i3.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the local expression of CTLA4Ig gene in small bowels and its action on preventing acute rejection of the small bowel allografts.
METHODS: Wistar rats underwent heterotopic small bowel transplantation from SD rats. The recipients were divided into experimental group (allografts were transfected with CTLA4Ig gene) and control group (CTLA4Ig gene not transfected) randomly. In the experimental group, the donor small bowels were perfused in vitro with CTLA4Ig cDNA packaged with lipofectin vector via intra-superior mesenteric artery before transplantation, and the CTLA4Ig expression in the small bowel grafts post-transplantation was assessed by immunohistology. On d 3, 7 and 10 post-transplantation, the allografts in each group were harvested for the examination of histology and assay of apoptosis.
RESULTS: Small bowel allografts treated with CTLA4Ig cDNA showed abundant CTLA4Ig expression after transplantation. Acute rejection grade Ⅰ on day 7 and grade Ⅱ on day 10 after transplantation was noticed in the control allografts, and a dramatically increased number of apoptotic enterocytes in parallel to the progressive rejection could be recognized. In contrast, the allografts treated with CTLA4Ig cDNA showed nonspecific histological changes and only a few of apoptotic enterocytes were found after transplantation.
CONCLUSION: Local CTLA4Ig gene transfection of small bowel allograft is feasible, and the local CTLA4Ig expression in the allograft can prevent acute rejection after transplantation.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the early protective effect of ischemic preconditioning on small intestinal graft in rats.
METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into the following groups: sham operation group (S group, n = 6), small bowel transplantation group (SBT group, n = 12), ischemic preconditioning plus small bowel transplantation group (ISBT group, n = 12). Heterotopic SBT was performed with a technique modified from that described by Monchik et al When the graft was revascularized successfully and reperfused for 1 h, samples were obtained from the different groups. Laminin was analyzed with immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative analysis of laminin positive signals was performed using image acquiring analysis system. Apoptotic epithelia of small intestinal graft were detected by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method. The morphological change of epithelial basement membrane was observed by transmission electron microscopy.
RESULTS: The mean optical density value of laminin positive signals was 39.52 ± 2.60, 13.53 ± 0.44, 25.40 ± 1.79, respectively, in S, SBT and ISBT groups. The average optical density value of laminin positive products in SBT group was sharply lower than that in S group (P < 0.05). However, the mean optical density value of laminin positive products in ISBT group was significantly higher than that in SBT group (P < 0.05). The apoptotic index (AI) in S, SBT and ISBT group was 2.2 ± 0.83,30.8 ± 3.2, 13.2 ± 2.86, respectively. The AI in SBT group was significantly higher than that in S group (P < 0.05), and AI in ISBT group was sharply lower than that in SBT group (P < 0.05). On transmission electron microscopy, the epithelial basement membrane in S group stayed normal, but in SBT group it became disrupted and collapsed, even disappeared. The lesion of epithelial basement membrane in ISBT group was slighter compared with that in SBT group.
CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning has an early protective effect on epithelial cells and extracellur matrix of small intestinal graft. Inhibition of epithelial cell apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Feng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shannxi Province, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
AIM: To study the expression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, in human gastric carcinomas and gastric carcinoma models of rats.
METHODS: With the method of immunohistochemical staining, we studied the expression of survivin in 20 cases of chronic gastritis and 56 cases of gastric carcinomas. We used N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and high dose sodium-chloride diet to induce rat gastric carcinomas. Survivin expression was studied in glandular stomachs of normal rats, adenocarcinomas and tissues adjacent to the tumor, as well as in rats during the induction period.
RESULTS: Survivin was expressed in 27 of 56 (48.2%) cases of human gastric carcinoma tissues and 1 of 20 (5%) cases of chronic gastritis. It was found that the expression of survivin had no relation with the elements of age, tumor depth, tumor size, and disease stage, but was significantly related to histological type. The positive rate of survivin expression in cases of intestinal type was significantly higher than that in cases of diffuse type (P < 0.05). In animal experiments, survivin expression in glandular stomachs of normal rats, of rats in middle induction period, in adenocarcinomas and tissues adjacent to tumor were 0, 40.0%, 78.3% and 38.9%, respectively. Compared with the survivin expression in normal rats, the differences were significant.
CONCLUSION: These data imply that survivin plays an important role in the onset of gastric carcinoma and that high survivin expression is an early event of gastric carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen T, Jia YR, Tian FZ, Cai ZH, Li GK. Expression of survivin protein in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and its relationship with clinical pathological features and prognosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2003; 11:411-414. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v11.i4.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the expression of survivin protein in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with clinical features and prognosis of patients with HCC.
METHODS The expression of survivin protein and the proliferation of tumor cells marked by PCNA in 48 cases of HCC were assessed by immunohistochemical method. TUNEL method was used to detect apoptosis.
RESULTS The survivin protein was expressed in 31 of 48 cases of HCC (64.6%). Expression of survivin protein was significantly higher in those of Edmondson grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ than in those of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ (88.0% vs 39.1%, P = 0.013). The ratio of proliferative index to apoptotic index was significantly higher in HCC with positive survivin expression than that with negative survivin expression (1.8 vs 1.1, P = 0.045). The survival rate of three years of patients with positive survivin expression was significantly lower than that of patients with negative survivin expression (70.6% vs 35.5%, P = 0.011).
CONCLUSION The expression of survivin may play an important role in breaking the balance of proliferation and apoptosis of HCC cells and is closely associated with prognosis of patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Center of General Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Rong Jia
- Center of General Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fu-Zhou Tian
- Center of General Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhong-Hong Cai
- Center of General Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guang-Kuo Li
- Center of General Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu LF, Wang BZ, Feng JL, Cheng WR, Liu GR, Xu XH, Zheng ZC. Preoperative TN staging of esophageal cancer: Comparison of miniprobe ultrasonography, spiral CT and MRI. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:219-24. [PMID: 12532435 PMCID: PMC4611315 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i2.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the value of miniprobe sonography (MPS), spiral CT and MR imaging (MRI) in the tumor and regional lymph node staging of esophageal cancer.
METHODS: Eight-six patients (56 men and 30 women; age range of 39-73 years, mean 62 years) with esophageal carcinoma were staged preoperatively with imaging modalities. Of them, 81 (94%) had squamous cell carcinoma, 4 (5%) adenocarcinoma, and 1 (1%) adenoacanthoma. Eleven patients (12%) had malignancy of the upper one third, 41 (48%) of the mid-esophagus and 34 (40%) of the distal one third. Forty-one were examined by spiral CT in whom 13 were co-examined by MPS, and forty-five by MRI in whom 18 were also co-examined by MPS. These imaging results were compared with the findings of the histopathologic examination for resected specimens.
RESULTS: In staging the depth of tumor growth, MPS was significantly more accurate (84%) than spiral CT and MRI (68% and 60%, respectively, P < 0.05). The specificity and sensitivity were 82% and 85% for MPS; 60% and 69% for spiral CT; and 40% and 63% for MRI, respectively. In staging regional lymph nodes, spiral CT was more accurate (78%) than MPS and MRI (71% and 64%, respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant. The specificity and sensitivity were 79% and 77% for spiral CT; 75% and 68% for MPS; and 68% and 62% for MRI, respectively.
CONCLUSION: MPS is superior to spiral CT or MRI for T staging, especially in early esophageal cancer. However, the three modalities have the similar accuracy in N staging. Spiral CT or MRI is helpful for the detection of far-distance metastasis in esophageal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Fei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|