1
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Maniar R, Withanage KPK, Shahi C, Kaplan AD, Perdew JP, Pederson MR. Symmetry breaking and self-interaction correction in the chromium atom and dimer. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:144301. [PMID: 38587222 DOI: 10.1063/5.0180863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Density functional approximations to the exchange-correlation energy can often identify strongly correlated systems and estimate their energetics through energy-minimizing symmetry-breaking. In particular, the binding energy curve of the strongly correlated chromium dimer is described qualitatively by the local spin density approximation (LSDA) and almost quantitatively by the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA), where the symmetry breaking is antiferromagnetic for both. Here, we show that a full Perdew-Zunger self-interaction-correction (SIC) to LSDA seems to go too far by creating an unphysical symmetry-broken state, with effectively zero magnetic moment but non-zero spin density on each atom, which lies ∼4 eV below the antiferromagnetic solution. A similar symmetry-breaking, observed in the atom, better corresponds to the 3d↑↑4s↑3d↓↓4s↓ configuration than to the standard 3d↑↑↑↑↑4s↑. For this new solution, the total energy of the dimer at its observed bond length is higher than that of the separated atoms. These results can be regarded as qualitative evidence that the SIC needs to be scaled down in many-electron regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Maniar
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, 6400 Freret St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Kushantha P K Withanage
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
| | - Chandra Shahi
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, 6400 Freret St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Materials Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., B33-141B, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - John P Perdew
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, 6400 Freret St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Mark R Pederson
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
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2
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Vijay S, Venetos MC, Spotte-Smith EWC, Kaplan AD, Wen M, Persson KA. CoeffNet: predicting activation barriers through a chemically-interpretable, equivariant and physically constrained graph neural network. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2923-2936. [PMID: 38404391 PMCID: PMC10882514 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04411d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Activation barriers of elementary reactions are essential to predict molecular reaction mechanisms and kinetics. However, computing these energy barriers by identifying transition states with electronic structure methods (e.g., density functional theory) can be time-consuming and computationally expensive. In this work, we introduce CoeffNet, an equivariant graph neural network that predicts activation barriers using coefficients of any frontier molecular orbital (such as the highest occupied molecular orbital) of reactant and product complexes as graph node features. We show that using coefficients as features offer several advantages, such as chemical interpretability and physical constraints on the network's behaviour and numerical range. Model outputs are either activation barriers or coefficients of the chosen molecular orbital of the transition state; the latter quantity allows us to interpret the results of the neural network through chemical intuition. We test CoeffNet on a dataset of SN2 reactions as a proof-of-concept and show that the activation barriers are predicted with a mean absolute error of less than 0.025 eV. The highest occupied molecular orbital of the transition state is visualized and the distribution of the orbital densities of the transition states is described for a few prototype SN2 reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Vijay
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Maxwell C Venetos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Evan Walter Clark Spotte-Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Mingjian Wen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA
| | - Kristin A Persson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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3
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Kaplan AD, Boyman L, Ward CW, Lederer WJ, Greiser M. Ryanodine Receptor Stabilization Therapy Suppresses Ca 2+ -Based Arrhythmias in a Novel Model of Metabolic HFpEF. bioRxiv 2024:2023.06.21.544411. [PMID: 37720055 PMCID: PMC10503829 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.21.544411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Heart Failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the most prevalent form of heart failure worldwide and its significant mortality is associated with a high rate of sudden cardiac death (SCD; 30% - 40%). Chronic metabolic stress is an important driver of HFpEF, and clinical data show metabolic stress as a significant risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias in HFpEF patients. The mechanisms of SCD and ventricular arrhythmia in HFpEF remain critically understudied and empirical treatment is ineffective. To address this important knowledge gap, we developed a novel preclinical model of metabolic-stress induced HFpEF using Western diet (High fructose and fat) and hypertension induced by nitric oxide synthase inhibition (with L-NAME) in wildtype C57BL6/J mice. After 5 months, mice display all clinical characteristics of HFpEF and present with stress-induced sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT). Mechanistically, we found a novel pattern of arrhythmogenic intracellular Ca 2+ handling that is distinct from the well-characterized changes pathognomonic for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. In addition, we show that the transverse tubular system remains intact in HFpEF and that arrhythmogenic, intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization becomes hyper-sensitive to ß- adrenergic activation. Finally, in proof-of-concept experiments we show in vivo that the clinically used intracellular calcium stabilizer dantrolene, which acts on the Ca 2+ release channels of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), the ryanodine receptors, acutely prevents stress-induced VT in HFpEF mice. Therapeutic control of SR Ca 2+ leak may present a novel mechanistic treatment approach in metabolic HFpEF.
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4
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Kanungo B, Kaplan AD, Shahi C, Gavini V, Perdew JP. Unconventional Error Cancellation Explains the Success of Hartree-Fock Density Functional Theory for Barrier Heights. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:323-328. [PMID: 38170179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Energy barriers, which control the rates of chemical reactions, are seriously underestimated by computationally efficient semilocal approximations for the exchange-correlation energy. The accuracy of a semilocal density functional approximation is strongly boosted for reaction barrier heights by evaluating that approximation non-self-consistently on Hartree-Fock electron densities, which has been known for ∼30 years. The conventional explanation is that the Hartree-Fock theory yields the more accurate density. This work presents a benchmark Kohn-Sham inversion of accurate coupled-cluster densities for the reaction H2 + F → HHF → H + HF and finds a strong, understandable cancellation between positive (excessively overcorrected) density-driven and large negative functional-driven errors (expected from stretched radical bonds in the transition state) within this Hartree-Fock density functional theory. This confirms earlier conclusions (Kaplan, A. D., et al. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2023, 19, 532-543) based on 76 barrier heights and three less reliable, but less expensive, fully nonlocal density functional proxies for the exact density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Kanungo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chandra Shahi
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Vikram Gavini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - John P Perdew
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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5
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Kothakonda M, Kaplan AD, Isaacs EB, Bartel CJ, Furness JW, Ning J, Wolverton C, Perdew JP, Sun J. Testing the r 2SCAN Density Functional for the Thermodynamic Stability of Solids with and without a van der Waals Correction. ACS Mater Au 2023; 3:102-111. [PMID: 38089726 PMCID: PMC9999476 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A central aim of materials discovery is an accurate and numerically reliable description of thermodynamic properties, such as the enthalpies of formation and decomposition. The r2SCAN revision of the strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) balances numerical stability with high general accuracy. To assess the r2SCAN description of solid-state thermodynamics, we evaluate the formation and decomposition enthalpies, equilibrium volumes, and fundamental band gaps of more than 1000 solids using r2SCAN, SCAN, and PBE, as well as two dispersion-corrected variants, SCAN+rVV10 and r2SCAN+rVV10. We show that r2SCAN achieves accuracy comparable to SCAN and often improves upon SCAN's already excellent accuracy. Although SCAN+rVV10 is often observed to worsen the formation enthalpies of SCAN and makes no substantial correction to SCAN's cell volume predictions, r2SCAN+rVV10 predicts marginally less accurate formation enthalpies than r2SCAN, and slightly more accurate cell volumes than r2SCAN. The average absolute errors in predicted formation enthalpies are found to decrease by a factor of 1.5 to 2.5 from the GGA level to the meta-GGA level. Smaller decreases in error are observed for decomposition enthalpies. For formation enthalpies r2SCAN improves over SCAN for intermetallic systems. For a few classes of systems-transition metals, intermetallics, weakly bound solids, and enthalpies of decomposition into compounds-GGAs are comparable to meta-GGAs. In total, r2SCAN and r2SCAN+rVV10 can be recommended as stable, general-purpose meta-GGAs for materials discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kothakonda
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane
University, New Orleans, Louisiana70118, United States
| | - Aaron D. Kaplan
- Department
of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Eric B. Isaacs
- HRL
Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, California90265, United States
| | - Christopher J. Bartel
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - James W. Furness
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane
University, New Orleans, Louisiana70118, United States
| | - Jinliang Ning
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane
University, New Orleans, Louisiana70118, United States
| | - Chris Wolverton
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern
University, Evanston, Illinois60208, United States
| | - John P. Perdew
- Department
of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane
University, New Orleans, Louisiana70118, United States
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6
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Greiser M, Karbowski M, Kaplan AD, Coleman A, Mannella CA, Lederer WJ, Boyman L. Calcium and bicarbonate signaling control mitochondrial ATP production. Biophys J 2023; 122:94a. [PMID: 36785098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Coleman
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carmen A Mannella
- School of Medicine Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W Jonathan Lederer
- School of Medicine Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liron Boyman
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Abstract
Ground-state Kohn-Sham density functional theory provides, in principle, the exact ground-state energy and electronic spin densities of real interacting electrons in a static external potential. In practice, the exact density functional for the exchange-correlation (xc) energy must be approximated in a computationally efficient way. About 20 mathematical properties of the exact xc functional are known. In this work, we review and discuss these known constraints on the xc energy and hole. By analyzing a sequence of increasingly sophisticated density functional approximations (DFAs), we argue that (a) the satisfaction of more exact constraints and appropriate norms makes a functional more predictive over the immense space of many-electron systems and (b) fitting to bonded systems yields an interpolative DFA that may not extrapolate well to systems unlike those in the fitting set. We discuss both how the class of well-described systems has grown along with constraint satisfaction and the possibilities for future functional development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 74 is April 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Mel Levy
- Department of Chemistry and Quantum Theory Group, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - John P Perdew
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; .,Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Perdew JP, Chowdhury STUR, Shahi C, Kaplan AD, Song D, Bylaska EJ. Symmetry Breaking with the SCAN Density Functional Describes Strong Correlation in the Singlet Carbon Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:384-389. [PMID: 36573497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The SCAN (strongly constrained and appropriately normed) meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA), which satisfies all 17 exact constraints that a meta-GGA can satisfy, accurately describes equilibrium bonds that are normally correlated. With symmetry breaking, it also accurately describes some sd equilibrium bonds that are strongly correlated. While sp equilibrium bonds are nearly always normally correlated, the C2 singlet ground state is known from correlated wave function theory to be a rare case of strong correlation in an sp equilibrium bond. Earlier work that calculated atomization energies of the molecular sequence B2, C2, O2, and F2 in the local spin density approximation (LSDA), the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) GGA, and the SCAN meta-GGA, without symmetry breaking in the molecule, found that only SCAN was accurate enough to reveal an anomalous under-binding for C2. This work shows that spin symmetry breaking in singlet C2, which involves the appearance of net up- and down-spin densities on opposite sides (not ends) of the bond, corrects that underbinding, with a small SCAN atomization-energy error more like that of the other three molecules, suggesting that symmetry breaking with an advanced density functional might reliably describe strong correlation. This article also discusses some general aspects of symmetry breaking and the insights into strong correlation that symmetry breaking can bring. The normally correlated low-lying triplet excited state has the right vertical excitation energy in SCAN but not in LSDA or PBE, where the triplet is a false ground state. Fractional occupation numbers are found only for the symmetry-unbroken singlet and only in LSDA and PBE GGA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Duo Song
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99353, United States
| | - Eric J Bylaska
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99353, United States
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9
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Abstract
Delocalization errors, such as charge-transfer and some self-interaction errors, plague computationally efficient and otherwise accurate density functional approximations (DFAs). Evaluating a semilocal DFA non-self-consistently on the Hartree-Fock (HF) density is often recommended as a computationally inexpensive remedy for delocalization errors. For sophisticated meta-GGAs like SCAN, this approach can achieve remarkable accuracy. This HF-DFT (also known as DFA@HF) is often presumed to work, when it significantly improves over the DFA, because the HF density is more accurate than the self-consistent DFA density in those cases. By applying the metrics of density-corrected density functional theory (DFT), we show that HF-DFT works for barrier heights by making a localizing charge-transfer error or density overcorrection, thereby producing a somewhat reliable cancellation of density- and functional-driven errors for the energy. A quantitative analysis of the charge-transfer errors in a few randomly selected transition states confirms this trend. We do not have the exact functional and electron densities that would be needed to evaluate the exact density- and functional-driven errors for the large BH76 database of barrier heights. Instead, we have identified and employed three fully nonlocal proxy functionals (SCAN 50% global hybrid, range-separated hybrid LC-ωPBE, and SCAN-FLOSIC) and their self-consistent proxy densities. These functionals are chosen because they yield reasonably accurate self-consistent barrier heights and because their self-consistent total energies are nearly piecewise linear in fractional electron number─two important points of similarity to the exact functional. We argue that density-driven errors of the energy in a self-consistent density functional calculation are second order in the density error and that large density-driven errors arise primarily from incorrect electron transfers over length scales larger than the diameter of an atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Chandra Shahi
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Pradeep Bhetwal
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Raj K Sah
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - John P Perdew
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
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10
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Kaplan AD, Ward CW, Lederer WJ, Greiser M. Calcium signaling at the nanoscale: diadic remodeling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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11
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Furness JW, Kaplan AD, Ning J, Perdew JP, Sun J. Construction of meta-GGA functionals through restoration of exact constraint adherence to regularized SCAN functionals. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:034109. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0073623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James W. Furness
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Aaron D. Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Jinliang Ning
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - John P. Perdew
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
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12
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Kaplan AD, Joca HC, Boyman L, Greiser M. Calcium Signaling Silencing in Atrial Fibrillation: Implications for Atrial Sodium Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10513. [PMID: 34638854 PMCID: PMC8508839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia, affecting more than 33 million people worldwide. Despite important advances in therapy, AF's incidence remains high, and treatment often results in recurrence of the arrhythmia. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular changes that (1) trigger AF and (2) occur after the onset of AF will help to identify novel therapeutic targets. Over the past 20 years, a large body of research has shown that intracellular Ca2+ handling is dramatically altered in AF. While some of these changes are arrhythmogenic, other changes counteract cellular arrhythmogenic mechanisms (Calcium Signaling Silencing). The intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+])i is a key regulator of intracellular Ca2+ handling in cardiac myocytes. Despite its importance in the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ handling, little is known about [Na+]i, its regulation, and how it might be changed in AF. Previous work suggests that there might be increases in the late component of the atrial Na+ current (INa,L) in AF, suggesting that [Na+]i levels might be high in AF. Indeed, a pharmacological blockade of INa,L has been suggested as a treatment for AF. Here, we review calcium signaling silencing and changes in intracellular Na+ homeostasis during AF. We summarize the proposed arrhythmogenic mechanisms associated with increases in INa,L during AF and discuss the evidence from clinical trials that have tested the pharmacological INa,L blocker ranolazine in the treatment of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Kaplan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.D.K.); (H.C.J.); (L.B.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Humberto C. Joca
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.D.K.); (H.C.J.); (L.B.)
| | - Liron Boyman
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.D.K.); (H.C.J.); (L.B.)
| | - Maura Greiser
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.D.K.); (H.C.J.); (L.B.)
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13
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Ehlert S, Huniar U, Ning J, Furness JW, Sun J, Kaplan AD, Perdew JP, Brandenburg JG. r2SCAN-D4: Dispersion corrected meta-generalized gradient approximation for general chemical applications. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:061101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0041008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ehlert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Huniar
- Biovia, Dassault Systèmes Deutschland GmbH, Imbacher Weg 46, 51379 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Jinliang Ning
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - James W. Furness
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Aaron D. Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - John P. Perdew
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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14
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Perdew JP, Ruzsinszky A, Sun J, Nepal NK, Kaplan AD. Interpretations of ground-state symmetry breaking and strong correlation in wavefunction and density functional theories. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2017850118. [PMID: 33472975 PMCID: PMC7848740 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2017850118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong correlations within a symmetry-unbroken ground-state wavefunction can show up in approximate density functional theory as symmetry-broken spin densities or total densities, which are sometimes observable. They can arise from soft modes of fluctuations (sometimes collective excitations) such as spin-density or charge-density waves at nonzero wavevector. In this sense, an approximate density functional for exchange and correlation that breaks symmetry can be more revealing (albeit less accurate) than an exact functional that does not. The examples discussed here include the stretched H2 molecule, antiferromagnetic solids, and the static charge-density wave/Wigner crystal phase of a low-density jellium. Time-dependent density functional theory is used to show quantitatively that the static charge-density wave is a soft plasmon. More precisely, the frequency of a related density fluctuation drops to zero, as found from the frequency moments of the spectral function, calculated from a recent constraint-based wavevector- and frequency-dependent jellium exchange-correlation kernel.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Perdew
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122;
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | | | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118
| | - Niraj K Nepal
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122;
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15
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Furness JW, Kaplan AD, Ning J, Perdew JP, Sun J. Correction to "Accurate and Numerically Efficient r 2SCAN Meta-Generalized Gradient Approximation". J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9248. [PMID: 33073997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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16
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Abstract
The recently proposed rSCAN functional [ J. Chem. Phys. 2019 150, 161101] is a regularized form of the SCAN functional [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 2015 115, 036402] that improves SCAN's numerical performance at the expense of breaking constraints known from the exact exchange-correlation functional. We construct a new meta-generalized gradient approximation by restoring exact constraint adherence to rSCAN. The resulting functional maintains rSCAN's numerical performance while restoring the transferable accuracy of SCAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Furness
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jinliang Ning
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - John P Perdew
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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Kaplan AD, Santra B, Bhattarai P, Wagle K, Chowdhury STUR, Bhetwal P, Yu J, Tang H, Burke K, Levy M, Perdew JP. Simple hydrogenic estimates for the exchange and correlation energies of atoms and atomic ions, with implications for density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:074114. [PMID: 32828077 DOI: 10.1063/5.0017805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exact density functionals for the exchange and correlation energies are approximated in practical calculations for the ground-state electronic structure of a many-electron system. An important exact constraint for the construction of approximations is to recover the correct non-relativistic large-Z expansions for the corresponding energies of neutral atoms with atomic number Z and electron number N = Z, which are correct to the leading order (-0.221Z5/3 and -0.021Z ln Z, respectively) even in the lowest-rung or local density approximation. We find that hydrogenic densities lead to Ex(N, Z) ≈ -0.354N2/3Z (as known before only for Z ≫ N ≫ 1) and Ec ≈ -0.02N ln N. These asymptotic estimates are most correct for atomic ions with large N and Z ≫ N, but we find that they are qualitatively and semi-quantitatively correct even for small N and N ≈ Z. The large-N asymptotic behavior of the energy is pre-figured in small-N atoms and atomic ions, supporting the argument that widely predictive approximate density functionals should be designed to recover the correct asymptotics. It is shown that the exact Kohn-Sham correlation energy, when calculated from the pure ground-state wavefunction, should have no contribution proportional to Z in the Z → ∞ limit for any fixed N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Biswajit Santra
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Puskar Bhattarai
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Kamal Wagle
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | | | - Pradeep Bhetwal
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Kieron Burke
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Mel Levy
- Department of Chemistry and Quantum Theory Group, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - John P Perdew
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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Yasin S, Kaplan AD, Joca HC, Lederer WJ, Greiser M. ‘Calcium Clock’ at the Nanoscale in the RAT SA Node: 3D Ryanodine Receptor Cluster Organization and Intracellular Ca2+ Signaling. Biophys J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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19
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Ma D, Liu Z, Loh LJ, Zhao Y, Li G, Liew R, Islam O, Wu J, Chung YY, Teo WS, Ching CK, Tan BY, Chong D, Ho KL, Lim P, Yong RYY, Panama BK, Kaplan AD, Bett GCL, Ware J, Bezzina CR, Verkerk AO, Cook SA, Rasmusson RL, Wei H. Identification of an I Na-dependent and I to-mediated proarrhythmic mechanism in cardiomyocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells of a Brugada syndrome patient. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11246. [PMID: 30050137 PMCID: PMC6062539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited cardiac arrhythmia commonly associated with SCN5A mutations, yet its ionic mechanisms remain unclear due to a lack of cellular models. Here, we used human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from a BrS patient (BrS1) to evaluate the roles of Na+ currents (INa) and transient outward K+ currents (Ito) in BrS induced action potential (AP) changes. To understand the role of these current changes in repolarization we employed dynamic clamp to “electronically express” IK1 and restore normal resting membrane potentials and allow normal recovery of the inactivating currents, INa, ICa and Ito. HiPSC-CMs were generated from BrS1 with a compound SCN5A mutation (p. A226V & p. R1629X) and a healthy sibling control (CON1). Genome edited hiPSC-CMs (BrS2) with a milder p. T1620M mutation and a commercial control (CON2) were also studied. CON1, CON2 and BrS2, had unaltered peak INa amplitudes, and normal APs whereas BrS1, with over 75% loss of INa, displayed a loss-of-INa basal AP morphology (at 1.0 Hz) manifested by a reduced maximum upstroke velocity (by ~80%, p < 0.001) and AP amplitude (p < 0.001), and an increased phase-1 repolarization pro-arrhythmic AP morphology (at 0.1 Hz) in ~25% of cells characterized by marked APD shortening (~65% shortening, p < 0.001). Moreover, Ito densities of BrS1 and CON1 were comparable and increased from 1.0 Hz to 0.1 Hz by ~ 100%. These data indicate that a repolarization deficit could be a mechanism underlying BrS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongrui Ma
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Li Jun Loh
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yongxing Zhao
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Guang Li
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Reginald Liew
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Omedul Islam
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jianjun Wu
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ying Ying Chung
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wee Siong Teo
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chi Keong Ching
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Boon Yew Tan
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Daniel Chong
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kah Leng Ho
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Paul Lim
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Rita Yu Yin Yong
- Defense Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore, 117510, Republic of Singapore
| | - Brian K Panama
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Glenna C L Bett
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - James Ware
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arie O Verkerk
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart A Cook
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore.,Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore.,Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
| | - Heming Wei
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore. .,Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore.
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Bett GCL, Kaplan AD, Rasmusson RL. Action Potential Shape Is a Crucial Measure of Cell Type of Stem Cell-Derived Cardiocytes. Biophys J 2016; 110:284-6. [PMID: 26745432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Glenna C L Bett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.
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21
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Kaplan AD, Bett GC, Rasmusson RL. Action Potential Morphology Measurement of Cardiac Cell Chamber Specific Cell Types of Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Myocytes. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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22
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Gold DA, Kaplan AD, Lis A, Bett GCL, Rosowski EE, Cirelli KM, Bougdour A, Sidik SM, Beck JR, Lourido S, Egea PF, Bradley PJ, Hakimi MA, Rasmusson RL, Saeij JPJ. The Toxoplasma Dense Granule Proteins GRA17 and GRA23 Mediate the Movement of Small Molecules between the Host and the Parasitophorous Vacuole. Cell Host Microbe 2016; 17:642-52. [PMID: 25974303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan pathogen in the phylum Apicomplexa that resides within an intracellular parasitophorous vacuole (PV) that is selectively permeable to small molecules through unidentified mechanisms. We have identified GRA17 as a Toxoplasma-secreted protein that localizes to the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) and mediates passive transport of small molecules across the PVM. GRA17 is related to the putative Plasmodium translocon protein EXP2 and conserved across PV-residing Apicomplexa. The PVs of GRA17-deficient parasites have aberrant morphology, reduced permeability to small molecules, and structural instability. GRA17-deficient parasites proliferate slowly and are avirulent in mice. These GRA17-deficient phenotypes are rescued by complementation with Plasmodium EXP2. GRA17 functions synergistically with a related protein, GRA23. Exogenous expression of GRA17 or GRA23 alters the membrane conductance properties of Xenopus oocytes in a manner consistent with a large non-selective pore. Thus, GRA17 and GRA23 provide a molecular basis for PVM permeability and nutrient access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Gold
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Physiology and Biophysics, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Agnieszka Lis
- Physiology and Biophysics, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Glenna C L Bett
- Physiology and Biophysics, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynocology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Emily E Rosowski
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kimberly M Cirelli
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexandre Bougdour
- UMR5163, LAPM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 38041 Grenoble, France; Université Joseph Fourier, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Saima M Sidik
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Josh R Beck
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Pascal F Egea
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peter J Bradley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mohamed-Ali Hakimi
- UMR5163, LAPM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 38041 Grenoble, France; Université Joseph Fourier, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Physiology and Biophysics, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Jeroen P J Saeij
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Kaplan AD, Rasmusson RL, C.L. Bett G. Ionic Basis of Repolarization of Atrial and Ventricular Specific Cell Types Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Lin B, Li Y, Han L, Kaplan AD, Ao Y, Kalra S, Bett GCL, Rasmusson RL, Denning C, Yang L. Modeling and study of the mechanism of dilated cardiomyopathy using induced pluripotent stem cells derived from individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Development 2015. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.125161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Cordeiro JM, Zeina T, Goodrow R, Kaplan AD, Thomas LM, Nesterenko VV, Treat JA, Hawel L, Byus C, Bett GC, Rasmusson RL, Panama BK. Regional variation of the inwardly rectifying potassium current in the canine heart and the contributions to differences in action potential repolarization. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 84:52-60. [PMID: 25889894 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The inward rectifier potassium current, IK1, contributes to the terminal phase of repolarization of the action potential (AP), as well as the value and stability of the resting membrane potential. Regional variation in IK1 has been noted in the canine heart, but the biophysical properties have not been directly compared. We examined the properties and functional contribution of IK1 in isolated myocytes from ventricular, atrial and Purkinje tissue. APs were recorded from canine left ventricular midmyocardium, left atrial and Purkinje tissue. The terminal rate of repolarization of the AP in ventricle, but not in Purkinje, depended on changes in external K(+) ([K(+)]o). Isolated ventricular myocytes had the greatest density of IK1 while atrial myocytes had the lowest. Furthermore, the outward component of IK1 in ventricular cells exhibited a prominent outward component and steep negative slope conductance, which was also enhanced in 10 mM [K(+)]o. In contrast, both Purkinje and atrial cells exhibited little outward IK1, even in the presence of 10 mM [K(+)]o, and both cell types showed more persistent current at positive potentials. Expression of Kir2.1 in the ventricle was 76.9-fold higher than that of atria and 5.8-fold higher than that of Purkinje, whereas the expression of Kir2.2 and Kir2.3 subunits was more evenly distributed in Purkinje and atria. Finally, AP clamp data showed distinct contributions of IK1 for each cell type. IK1 and Kir2 subunit expression varies dramatically in regions of the canine heart and these regional differences in Kir2 expression likely underlie regional distinctions in IK1 characteristics, contributing to variations in repolarization in response to in [K(+)]o changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Cordeiro
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, United States
| | - Tanya Zeina
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, United States
| | - Robert Goodrow
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, United States
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Lini M Thomas
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, United States
| | - Vladislav V Nesterenko
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, United States
| | - Jacqueline A Treat
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, United States
| | - Leo Hawel
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Craig Byus
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Glenna C Bett
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New York, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Brian K Panama
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY, United States.
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Han L, Li Y, Tchao J, Kaplan AD, Lin B, Li Y, Mich-Basso J, Lis A, Hassan N, London B, Bett GCL, Tobita K, Rasmusson RL, Yang L. Reconciling computer models and stem cell models of human cardiac repolarization: reply. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 106:6-7. [PMID: 25691542 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Jason Tchao
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - You Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Jocelyn Mich-Basso
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Agnieszka Lis
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Narmeen Hassan
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Barry London
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Glenna C L Bett
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Kimimasa Tobita
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
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Lin B, Li Y, Han L, Kaplan AD, Ao Y, Kalra S, Bett GCL, Rasmusson RL, Denning C, Yang L. Modeling and study of the mechanism of dilated cardiomyopathy using induced pluripotent stem cells derived from individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:457-66. [PMID: 25791035 PMCID: PMC4415895 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.019505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene (DMD), and is characterized by progressive weakness in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Currently, dilated cardiomyopathy due to cardiac muscle loss is one of the major causes of lethality in late-stage DMD patients. To study the molecular mechanisms underlying dilated cardiomyopathy in DMD heart, we generated cardiomyocytes (CMs) from DMD and healthy control induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). DMD iPSC-derived CMs (iPSC-CMs) displayed dystrophin deficiency, as well as the elevated levels of resting Ca2+, mitochondrial damage and cell apoptosis. Additionally, we found an activated mitochondria-mediated signaling network underlying the enhanced apoptosis in DMD iPSC-CMs. Furthermore, when we treated DMD iPSC-CMs with the membrane sealant Poloxamer 188, it significantly decreased the resting cytosolic Ca2+ level, repressed caspase-3 (CASP3) activation and consequently suppressed apoptosis in DMD iPSC-CMs. Taken together, using DMD patient-derived iPSC-CMs, we established an in vitro model that manifests the major phenotypes of dilated cardiomyopathy in DMD patients, and uncovered a potential new disease mechanism. Our model could be used for the mechanistic study of human muscular dystrophy, as well as future preclinical testing of novel therapeutic compounds for dilated cardiomyopathy in DMD patients. Highlighted Article: Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells are used to establish an in vitro model of DMD-associated cardiomyopathy that could be used for future preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, 8117 Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, 8117 Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, 8117 Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Ying Ao
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, 8117 Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Spandan Kalra
- Department of Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering & Modelling (STEM), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Glenna C L Bett
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Chris Denning
- Department of Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering & Modelling (STEM), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 530 45th Street, 8117 Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
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Kim JJ, Yang L, Lin B, Zhu X, Sun B, Kaplan AD, Bett GCL, Rasmusson RL, London B, Salama G. Mechanism of automaticity in cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 81:81-93. [PMID: 25644533 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The creation of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS-CMs) has spawned broad excitement borne out of the prospects to diagnose and treat cardiovascular diseases based on personalized medicine. A common feature of hiPS-CMs is their spontaneous contractions but the mechanism(s) remain uncertain. METHODS Intrinsic activity was investigated by the voltage-clamp technique, optical mapping of action potentials (APs) and intracellular Ca(2+) (Cai) transients (CaiT) at subcellular-resolution and pharmacological interventions. RESULTS The frequency of spontaneous CaiT (sCaiT) in monolayers of hiPS-CMs was not altered by ivabradine, an inhibitor of the pacemaker current, If despite high levels of HCN transcripts (1-4). HiPS-CMs had negligible If and IK1 (inwardly-rectifying K(+)-current) and a minimum diastolic potential of -59.1±3.3mV (n=18). APs upstrokes were preceded by a depolarizing-foot coincident with a rise of Cai. Subcellular Cai wavelets varied in amplitude, propagated and died-off; larger Cai-waves triggered cellular sCaTs and APs. SCaiTs increased in frequency with [Ca(2+)]out (0.05-to-1.8mM), isoproterenol (1μM) or caffeine (100μM) (n≥5, p<0.05). HiPS-CMs became quiescent with ryanodine receptor stabilizers (K201=2μM); tetracaine; Na-Ca exchange (NCX) inhibition (SEA0400=2μM); higher [K(+)]out (5→8mM), and thiol-reducing agents but could still be electrically stimulated to elicit CaiTs. Cell-cell coupling of hiPS-CM in monolayers was evident from connexin-43 expression and CaiT propagation. SCaiTs from an ensemble of dispersed hiPS-CMs were out-of-phase but became synchronous through the outgrowth of inter-connecting microtubules. CONCLUSIONS Automaticity in hiPS-CMs originates from a Ca(2+)-clock mechanism involving Ca(2+) cycling across the sarcoplasmic reticulum linked to NCX to trigger APs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong J Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Glenna C L Bett
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Departments of Gynecology-Obstetrics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Barry London
- University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Guy Salama
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Kaplan AD, Bett GC, Rasmusson RL. Electronic Expression of IK1 in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiocytes Reveals Atrial vs Ventricular Specific Properties. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kaplan AD, Lis A, Rasmusson RL, Bett GC. Normalization of Action Potential Properties in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiocytes by Electronic Expression of IK1. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Han L, Li Y, Tchao J, Kaplan AD, Lin B, Li Y, Mich-Basso J, Lis A, Hassan N, London B, Bett GCL, Tobita K, Rasmusson RL, Yang L. Study familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 104:258-69. [PMID: 25209314 PMCID: PMC4217687 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one the most common heart disorders, with gene mutations in the cardiac sarcomere. Studying HCM with patient-specific induced pluripotent stem-cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) would benefit the understanding of HCM mechanism, as well as the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. Methods and results To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the abnormal CM functions in HCM, we derived iPSCs from an HCM patient with a single missense mutation (Arginine442Glycine) in the MYH7 gene. CMs were next enriched from HCM and healthy iPSCs, followed with whole transcriptome sequencing and pathway enrichment analysis. A widespread increase of genes responsible for ‘Cell Proliferation’ was observed in HCM iPSC-CMs when compared with control iPSC-CMs. Additionally, HCM iPSC-CMs exhibited disorganized sarcomeres and electrophysiological irregularities. Furthermore, disease phenotypes of HCM iPSC-CMs were attenuated with pharmaceutical treatments. Conclusion Overall, this study explored the possible patient-specific and mutation-specific disease mechanism of HCM, and demonstrates the potential of using HCM iPSC-CMs for future development of therapeutic strategies. Additionally, the whole methodology established in this study could be utilized to study mechanisms of other human-inherited heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Jason Tchao
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Aaron D Kaplan
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - You Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Jocelyn Mich-Basso
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Agnieszka Lis
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Narmeen Hassan
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Barry London
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Glenna C L Bett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Kimimasa Tobita
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Center for Cellular and Systems Electrophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 8117 Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
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Kaplan AD, Lis A, Cimato TR, Tzanakakis ES, Zhou Q, Morales MJ, Rasmusson RL, Bett GC. Enhanced Differentiation of Stem Cell Derived Cardiac Myocytes by Electronic Expression of IK1 Reveals an Atrial-Specific Kv1.5-Like Current. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Parikh A, Patel D, McTiernan CF, Xiang W, Haney J, Yang L, Lin B, Kaplan AD, Bett GCL, Rasmusson RL, Shroff SG, Schwartzman D, Salama G. Relaxin suppresses atrial fibrillation by reversing fibrosis and myocyte hypertrophy and increasing conduction velocity and sodium current in spontaneously hypertensive rat hearts. Circ Res 2013; 113:313-21. [PMID: 23748429 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.301646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Atrial fibrillation (AF) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in elderly and hypertensive patients and has been correlated to enhanced atrial fibrosis. Despite a lack of direct evidence that fibrosis causes AF, reversal of fibrosis is considered a plausible therapy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of the antifibrotic hormone relaxin (RLX) in suppressing AF in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS AND RESULTS Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and SHR were treated for 2 weeks with vehicle (WKY+V and SHR+V) or RLX (0.4 mg/kg per day, SHR+RLX) using implantable mini-pumps. Hearts were perfused, mapped optically to analyze action potential durations, intracellular Ca²⁺ transients, and restitution kinetics, and tested for AF vulnerability. SHR hearts had slower conduction velocity (CV; P<0.01 versus WKY), steeper CV restitution kinetics, greater collagen deposition, higher levels of transcripts for transforming growth factor-β, metalloproteinase-2, metalloproteinase-9, collagen I/III, and reduced connexin 43 phosphorylation (P<0.05 versus WKY). Programmed stimulation triggered sustained AF in SHR (n=5/5) and SHR+V (n=4/4), but not in WKY (n=0/5) and SHR+RLX (n=1/8; P<0.01). RLX treatment reversed the transcripts for fibrosis, flattened CV restitution kinetics, reduced action potential duration at 90% recovery to baseline, increased CV (P<0.01), and reversed atrial hypertrophy (P<0.05). Independent of antifibrotic actions, RLX (0.1 µmol/L) increased Na⁺ current density, INa (≈2-fold in 48 hours) in human cardiomyocytes derived from inducible pluripotent stem cells (n=18/18; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS RLX treatment suppressed AF in SHR hearts by increasing CV from a combination of reversal of fibrosis and hypertrophy and by increasing INa. The study provides compelling evidence that RLX may provide a novel therapy to manage AF in humans by reversing fibrosis and hypertrophy and by modulating cardiac ionic currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Parikh
- Department of Bioengineering, Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Heart and Vascular Institute, and Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Carvajal-Vergara X, Sevilla A, D'Souza SL, Ang YS, Schaniel C, Lee DF, Yang L, Kaplan AD, Adler ED, Rozov R, Ge Y, Cohen N, Edelmann LJ, Chang B, Waghray A, Su J, Pardo S, Lichtenbelt KD, Tartaglia M, Gelb BD, Lemischka IR. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived models of LEOPARD syndrome. Nature 2010; 465:808-12. [PMID: 20535210 PMCID: PMC2885001 DOI: 10.1038/nature09005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 504] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Generation of reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from patients with defined genetic disorders promises important avenues to understand the etiologies of complex diseases, and the development of novel therapeutic interventions. We have generated iPSC from patients with LEOPARD syndrome (LS; acronym of its main features: Lentigines, Electrocardiographic abnormalities, Ocular hypertelorism, Pulmonary valve stenosis, Abnormal genitalia, Retardation of growth and Deafness), an autosomal dominant developmental disorder belonging to a relatively prevalent class of inherited RAS-MAPK signaling diseases, which also includes Noonan syndrome (NS), with pleiomorphic effects on several tissues and organ systems1,2. The patient-derived cells have a mutation in the PTPN11 gene, which encodes the SHP2 phosphatase. The iPSC have been extensively characterized and produce multiple differentiated cell lineages. A major disease phenotype in patients with LEOPARD syndrome is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We show that in vitro-derived cardiomyocytes from LS-iPSC are larger, have a higher degree of sarcomeric organization and preferential localization of NFATc4 in the nucleus when compared to cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells (HESC) or wild type (wt) iPSC derived from a healthy brother of one of the LS patients. These features correlate with a potential hypertrophic state. We also provide molecular insights into signaling pathways that may promote the disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xonia Carvajal-Vergara
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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Terrenoire C, Wang GK, Adler E, Kaplan AD, Sampson K, Lu J, Kass RS. KCNQ1/KCNE1 K+ Channels Associated with Long QT Syndrome are Expressed in Early Stage Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Biophys J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.1817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Columbia University, New York
| | - Ariel J. Jaffa
- Ultrasound Unit in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan E. Timor
- Division of Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Medical Center, New York
| | - David Elad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Columbia University, New York,
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Adler ED, Chen VC, Bystrup A, Kaplan AD, Giovannone S, Briley-Saebo K, Young W, Kattman S, Mani V, Laflamme M, Zhu WZ, Fayad Z, Keller G. The cardiomyocyte lineage is critical for optimization of stem cell therapy in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. FASEB J 2009; 24:1073-81. [PMID: 19940262 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-135426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We recently described a murine embryonic stem cell (ESC) line engineered to express the activated Notch 4 receptor in a tetracycline (doxcycline; Dox) regulated fashion (tet-notch4 ESCs). Notch 4 induction in Flk1(+) hematopoietic and vascular progenitors from this line respecified them to a cardiovascular fate. We reasoned that these cells would be ideal for evaluating the contribution of the cardiomyocyte and vascular lineages to the functional improvement noted following stem cell transplantation in infarcted hearts. Flk-1(+) Tet-notch4 cells from d 3 embryoid bodies exposed to doxycycline (Dox(+)) were compared to uninduced (Dox(-)) Flk-1(+) cells. Mice underwent transplantation of 5 x 10(5) Dox(+) cells, Dox(-)cells, or an equal volume of serum-free medium after surgically induced myocardial infarction. The mean ejection fraction was 59 + or - 15, 46 + or - 17, and 39 + or - 13% in the Dox(+), Dox(-), and serum-free medium groups, respectively (P<0.05 for the differences among all 3 groups). Immunohistochemistry of hearts injected with Dox(+) grafts expressed myocardial and vascular markers, whereas grafts of Dox(-) cells expressed primarily vascular markers. We conclude that cardiovascular progenitors are more effective than vascular progenitors in improving function after myocardial infarction. The transplantation of appropriate cell types is critical for maximizing the benefit of cardiovascular cell therapy.-Adler, E. D., Chen, V. C., Bystrup, A., Kaplan, A. D., Giovannone, S., Briley-Saebo, K., Young, W., Kattman, S., Mani, V., Laflamme, M., Zhu, W.-Z., Fayad, Z., Keller, G. The cardiomyocyte lineage is critical for optimization of stem cell therapy in a mouse model of myocardial infarction.
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Kaplan AD, Kilkenny DM, Hill DJ, Dixon SJ. Extracellular nucleotides act through P2U purinoceptors to elevate [Ca2+]i and enhance basic fibroblast growth factor-induced proliferation in sheep chondrocytes. Endocrinology 1996; 137:4757-66. [PMID: 8895344 DOI: 10.1210/endo.137.11.8895344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular nucleotides interact with specific cell surface receptors to mediate a variety of biological responses, including elevation of the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in a number of cell types. Although extracellular ATP has been shown to affect chondrocyte function, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated whether Ca2+-mobilizing purinoceptors are present on sheep chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were isolated from the proximal tibial growth plate of day 120-130 sheep fetuses. Early passage cells were loaded with indo-1 or fluo-3, and [Ca2+]i was monitored by fluorescence spectrophotometry. ATP (0.3-100 microM) induced transient elevation of [Ca2+]i, lasting approximately 1 min. Half-maximal elevation of [Ca2+]i was observed at an ATP concentration of 5.0 +/- 0.2 microM. Responses were still observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, and were abolished by pretreatment with thapsigargin, consistent with the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Several nucleotides were tested for their ability to elevate [Ca2+]i. In order of potency, these were UTP approximately ATP >> ADP approximately 2-methylthio-ATP. No responses were elicited by benzoylbenzoic-ATP, a P2Z-selective agonist; alpha,beta-methylene-ATP, an agonist selective for certain P2X purinoceptors; AMP; adenosine; or pyrophosphate (all at 100 microM), demonstrating specificity. Taken together, these data indicate that nucleotides elevate [Ca2+]i in chondrocytes through interaction with the P2U purinoceptor subtype. Although pretreatment with pertussis toxin virtually abolished the Ca2+ response to lysophosphatidic acid, the response to UTP was relatively insensitive, suggesting that P2U purinoceptors are not linked to a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein in chondrocytes. In contrast, the Ca2+ response to UTP was markedly inhibited by the biologically active phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-beta-phorbol 13-acetate, but not by the inactive control compound 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, suggesting that a 12-O-tetradecanoyl-beta-phorbol 13-acetate-sensitive isoform of protein kinase C regulates P2U purinoceptor signaling in these cells. UTP (10 microM) enhanced the proliferative response to basic fibroblast growth factor. The response to basic fibroblast growth factor was also enhanced by ATP, but not by 2-methylthio-ATP, consistent with involvement of P2U purinoceptors. Nucleotides released during trauma, inflammation, or cell death may act through P2U purinoceptors to regulate chondrocyte function in an autocrine or paracrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Kaplan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Bora NS, Kim MC, Kabeer NH, Simpson SC, Tandhasetti MT, Cirrito TP, Kaplan AD, Kaplan HJ. Experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis. Induction with melanin-associated antigen from the iris and ciliary body. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1995; 36:1056-66. [PMID: 7730015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate an animal model of uveitis that resembles anterior uveitis in humans after immunization with iris-ciliary body antigen. METHODS Male Lewis rats 6 to 8 weeks of age were immunized with the buffer- and detergent-insoluble bovine iris-ciliary body antigen mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant and pertussis toxin. Antigen was digested with various proteolytic enzymes and tested in different rodent strains for a uveitogenic response. RESULTS Acute iridocyclitis developed in both eyes of the Lewis rat during the second week after immunization, and the pattern of inflammation was similar to acute anterior uveitis in humans, with sudden onset, localization to the anterior uvea, and spontaneous resolution. Among the strains tested, F344 rats were susceptible to experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis but Long-Evans rats were not. Experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis did not develop in any of the mice studied, nor was it induced by immunization with synthetic melanin, amelanotic bovine tissues, pigmented bovine skin, or pigmented rat and rabbit iris-ciliary body. A soluble fraction derived from bovine melanin-associated antigen (BMAA) after digestion with the proteolytic enzyme V8 protease resulted in a disease similar to that observed with intact BMAA. CONCLUSIONS A model of anterior uveitis has been induced in the Lewis rat after immunization with bovine uveal antigen, and it resembles the acute iridocyclitis observed in humans. These results suggest that the pathogenic antigen is a melanin-associated protein(s) present within the iris-ciliary body.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Bora
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Kaplan AD, Reimer WJ, Feldman RD, Dixon SJ. Extracellular nucleotides potentiate the cytosolic Ca2+, but not cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate response to parathyroid hormone in rat osteoblastic cells. Endocrinology 1995; 136:1674-85. [PMID: 7895678 DOI: 10.1210/endo.136.4.7895678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Binding to PTH to its cell surface receptor activates both adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase-C, leading to elevation of cytosolic cAMP and free Ca2+. We have shown previously that extracellular nucleotides interact with P2U and P2Y subtypes of purinoceptor on osteoblastic cells, both linked to Ca2+ mobilization. In the present study, we investigated possible interactions between nucleotide and PTH signaling pathways in osteoblastic cells. The cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of UMR-106 osteoblastic cells was monitored by fluorescence spectrophotometry. PTH (0.01-1 microM; bovine 1-84 or human 1-34) induced a small transient elevation of [Ca2+]i, lasting less than 1 min. A number of nucleotides, including ATP, UTP, and UDP, induced transient elevation of [Ca2+]i and potentiated the subsequent Ca2+ response to PTH. Of the nucleotides tested, UDP was the most effective at potentiating the PTH-induced Ca2+ transient. Treatment of cells with UDP (100 microM for 2.5 min), but not inorganic phosphate or uridine, reversibly potentiated the Ca2+ response to PTH (0.1 microM) by 11 +/- 2-fold (mean +/- SEM; n = 39). In contrast, UDP did not affect the cAMP response to PTH, indicating a selective action on Ca2+ signaling. Potentiation of the Ca2+ signal was still observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, establishing that nucleotides enhance PTH-induced release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Studies using selective purinoceptor agonists suggest that potentiation of PTH signaling is mediated by the P2U receptor subtype. In vivo, nucleotides released during trauma or inflammation may modulate PTH-induced Ca2+ signaling in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Kaplan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Kaplan AD. The Board and clinical competence. Ann Intern Med 1973; 78:148-9. [PMID: 4682301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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