1
|
Gloanec N, Guyard-Nicodème M, Brunetti R, Quesne S, Keita A, Chemaly M, Dory D. Evaluation of Two Recombinant Protein-Based Vaccine Regimens against Campylobacter jejuni: Impact on Protection, Humoral Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota in Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3779. [PMID: 38136816 PMCID: PMC10741133 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter infections in humans are traced mainly to poultry products. While vaccinating poultry against Campylobacter could reduce the incidence of human infections, no vaccine is yet available on the market. In our previous study using a plasmid DNA prime/recombinant protein boost vaccine regimen, vaccine candidate YP437 induced partial protective immune responses against Campylobacter in broilers. In order to optimise vaccine efficacy, the vaccination protocol was modified using a protein prime/protein boost regimen with a different number of boosters. Broilers were given two or four intramuscular protein vaccinations (with the YP437 vaccine antigen) before an oral challenge by C. jejuni during a 42-day trial. The caecal Campylobacter load, specific systemic and mucosal antibody levels and caecal microbiota in the vaccinated groups were compared with their respective placebo groups and a challenge group (Campylobacter infection only). Specific humoral immune responses were induced, but no reduction in Campylobacter caecal load was observed in any of the groups (p > 0.05). Microbiota beta diversity analysis revealed that the bacterial composition of the groups was significantly different (p ≤ 0.001), but that vaccination did not alter the relative abundance of the main bacterial taxa residing in the caeca. The candidate vaccine was ineffective in inducing a humoral immune response and therefore did not provide protection against Campylobacter spp. infection in broilers. More studies are required to find new candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Gloanec
- GVB—Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (N.G.); (R.B.); (D.D.)
- HQPAP—Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (M.C.)
- Life Environmental Sciences Department, University of Rennes 1, 37500 Rennes, France
| | - Muriel Guyard-Nicodème
- HQPAP—Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (M.C.)
| | - Raphaël Brunetti
- GVB—Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (N.G.); (R.B.); (D.D.)
| | - Ségolène Quesne
- HQPAP—Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (M.C.)
| | - Alassane Keita
- SELEAC—Avian Breeding and Experimental Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France;
| | - Marianne Chemaly
- HQPAP—Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniel Dory
- GVB—Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (N.G.); (R.B.); (D.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Molinet A, Courtillon C, Bougeard S, Keita A, Grasland B, Eterradossi N, Soubies S. Infectious bursal disease virus: predicting viral pathotype using machine learning models focused on early changes in total blood cell counts. Vet Res 2023; 54:101. [PMID: 37904195 PMCID: PMC10614337 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an avian viral disease caused in chickens by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). IBDV strains (Avibirnavirus genus, Birnaviridae family) exhibit different pathotypes, for which no molecular marker is available yet. The different pathotypes, ranging from sub-clinical to inducing immunosuppression and high mortality, are currently determined through a 10-day-long animal experiment designed to compare mortality and clinical score of the uncharacterized strain with references strains. Limits of this protocol lie within standardization and the extensive use of animal experimentation. The aim of this study was to establish a predictive model of viral pathotype based on a minimum number of early parameters measured during infection, allowing faster pathotyping of IBDV strains with improved ethics. We thus measured, at 2 and 4 days post-infection (dpi), the blood concentrations of various immune and coagulation related cells, the uricemia and the infectious viral load in the bursa of Fabricius of chicken infected under standardized conditions with a panel of viruses encompassing the different pathotypes of IBDV. Machine learning algorithms allowed establishing a predictive model of the pathotype based on early changes of the blood cell formula, whose accuracy reached 84.1%. Its accuracy to predict the attenuated and strictly immunosuppressive pathotypes was above 90%. The key parameters for this model were the blood concentrations of B cells, T cells, monocytes, granulocytes, thrombocytes and erythrocytes of infected chickens at 4 dpi. This predictive model could be a second option to traditional IBDV pathotyping that is faster, and more ethical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annonciade Molinet
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'alimentation, de L'environnement Et du Travail, 41 Rue de Beaucemaine, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Céline Courtillon
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'alimentation, de L'environnement Et du Travail, 41 Rue de Beaucemaine, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Stéphanie Bougeard
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'alimentation, de L'environnement Et du Travail, 41 Rue de Beaucemaine, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'alimentation, de L'environnement Et du Travail, 41 Rue de Beaucemaine, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Béatrice Grasland
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'alimentation, de L'environnement Et du Travail, 41 Rue de Beaucemaine, 22440, Ploufragan, France.
| | - Nicolas Eterradossi
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'alimentation, de L'environnement Et du Travail, 41 Rue de Beaucemaine, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Sébastien Soubies
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'alimentation, de L'environnement Et du Travail, 41 Rue de Beaucemaine, 22440, Ploufragan, France
- INRAE-ENVT, UMR 1225 IHAP, 23 Chemin Des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse CEDEX 3, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gloanec N, Guyard-Nicodème M, Brunetti R, Quesne S, Keita A, Chemaly M, Dory D. Plasmid DNA Prime/Protein Boost Vaccination against Campylobacter jejuni in Broilers: Impact of Vaccine Candidates on Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051397. [PMID: 37242639 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter infections, traced to poultry products, are major bacterial foodborne zoonoses, and vaccination is a potential solution to reduce these infections. In a previous experimental trial using a plasmid DNA prime/recombinant protein boost vaccine regimen, two vaccine candidates (YP437 and YP9817) induced a partially protective immune response against Campylobacter in broilers, and an impact of the protein batch on vaccine efficacy was suspected. This new study was designed to evaluate different batches of the previously studied recombinant proteins (called YP437A, YP437P and YP9817P) and to enhance the immune responses and gut microbiota studies after a C. jejuni challenge. Throughout the 42-day trial in broilers, caecal Campylobacter load, specific antibodies in serum and bile, the relative expression of cytokines and β-defensins, and caecal microbiota were assessed. Despite there being no significant reduction in Campylobacter in the caecum of vaccinated groups, specific antibodies were detected in serum and bile, particularly for YP437A and YP9817P, whereas the production of cytokines and β-defensins was not significant. The immune responses differed according to the batch. A slight change in microbiota was demonstrated in response to vaccination against Campylobacter. The vaccine composition and/or regimen must be further optimised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Gloanec
- GVB-Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
- HQPAP-Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
- UFR of Life Sciences Environment, University of Rennes 1, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Muriel Guyard-Nicodème
- HQPAP-Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Raphaël Brunetti
- GVB-Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Ségolène Quesne
- HQPAP-Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- SELEAC-Avian Breeding and Experimental Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Marianne Chemaly
- HQPAP-Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Daniel Dory
- GVB-Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Laurentie J, Mourand G, Jouy E, Bougeard S, Keita A, Amelot M, Serror P, Kempf I. Study of the effect of administration of narasin or antibiotics on in vivo selection of a narasin- and multidrug-resistant Enterococcus cecorum strain. Vet Microbiol 2023; 282:109757. [PMID: 37119567 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Enterococcus cecorum is a member of the normal poultry gut microbiota and an emerging poultry pathogen. Some strains are resistant to key antibiotics and coccidiostats. We evaluated the impact on chicken excretion and persistence of a multidrug-resistant E. cecorum of administering narasin or antibiotics. E. cecorum CIRMBP-1294 (Ec1294) is non-wild-type to many antimicrobials, including narasin, levofloxacin, oxytetracycline and glycopeptides, it has a low susceptibility to amoxicillin, and carries a chromosomal vanA operon. Six groups of 15 chicks each were orally inoculated with Ec1294 and two groups were left untreated. Amoxicillin, oxytetracycline or narasin were administered orally to one group each, either at the recommended dose for five days (amoxicillin, oxytetracycline) or continuously (narasin). Faecal samples were collected weekly and caecal samples were obtained from sacrificed birds on day 28. Ec1294 titres were evaluated by culture on vancomycin- and levofloxacin-supplemented media in 5 % CO2. For inoculated birds given narasin, oxytetracycline or no antimicrobials, vancomycin-resistant enterococci were searched by culture on vancomycin-supplemented media incubated in air, and a PCR was used to detect the vanA gene. Ec1294 persisted in inoculated chicks up to day 28. Compared to the control group, the Ec1294 titre was significantly lower in the amoxicillin- and narasin-receiving groups on days 21 and 28, but was unexpectedly higher in the oxytetracycline-receiving group before and after oxytetracycline administration, preventing a conclusion for this group. No transfer of the vanA gene to other enterococci was detected. Other trials in various experimental conditions should now be conducted to confirm this apparent absence of co-selection of the multi-drug-resistant E. cecorum by narasin or amoxicillin administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Laurentie
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
| | | | - Eric Jouy
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
| | | | - Alassane Keita
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France
| | - Pascale Serror
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France.
| | - Isabelle Kempf
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Ploufragan, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cubas-Gaona LL, Courtillon C, Briand FX, Cotta H, Bougeard S, Hirchaud E, Leroux A, Blanchard Y, Keita A, Amelot M, Eterradossi N, Tatár-Kis T, Kiss I, Cazaban C, Grasland B, Soubies SM. High antigenic diversity of serotype 1 infectious bursal disease virus revealed by antigenic cartography. Virus Res 2023; 323:198999. [PMID: 36379388 PMCID: PMC10194283 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The antigenic characterization of IBDV, a virus that causes an immunosuppressive disease in young chickens, has been historically addressed using cross virus neutralization (VN) assay and antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent (AC-ELISA). However, VN assay has been usually carried out either in specific antibody negative embryonated eggs, for non-cell culture adapted strains, which is tedious, or on chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF), which requires virus adaptation to cell culture. AC-ELISA has provided crucial information about IBDV antigenicity, but this information is limited to the epitopes included in the tested panel with a lack of information of overall antigenic view. The present work aimed at overcoming those technical limitations and providing an extensive antigenic landscape based on original cross VN assays employing primary chicken B cells, where no previous IBDV adaptation is required. Sixteen serotype 1 IBDV viruses, comprising both reference strains and documented antigenic variants were tested against eleven chicken post-infectious sera. The VN data were analysed by antigenic cartography, a method which enables reliable high-resolution quantitative and visual interpretation of large binding assay datasets. The resulting antigenic cartography revealed i) the existence of several antigenic clusters of IBDV, ii) high antigenic relatedness between some genetically unrelated viruses, iii) a highly variable contribution to global antigenicity of previously identified individual epitopes and iv) broad reactivity of chicken sera raised against antigenic variants. This study provides an overall view of IBDV antigenic diversity. Implementing this approach will be instrumental to follow the evolution of IBDV antigenicity and control the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana L Cubas-Gaona
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), OIE reference Laboratory for Infectious bursal disease virus, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France; Science and Investigation Department, Ceva Santé Animale, BP 126, Libourne Cedex 33501, France.
| | - Céline Courtillon
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), OIE reference Laboratory for Infectious bursal disease virus, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Francois-Xavier Briand
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), OIE reference Laboratory for Infectious bursal disease virus, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Higor Cotta
- Science and Investigation Department, Ceva Santé Animale, BP 126, Libourne Cedex 33501, France
| | - Stephanie Bougeard
- Epidemiology, Animal Health and Welfare Unit (EPISABE), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Edouard Hirchaud
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Aurélie Leroux
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Yannick Blanchard
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- Experimental Poultry Unit (SELEAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- Experimental Poultry Unit (SELEAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Nicolas Eterradossi
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), OIE reference Laboratory for Infectious bursal disease virus, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Tímea Tatár-Kis
- Scientific Support and Investigation Unit, Ceva-Phylaxia Co. Ltd., Ceva Animal Health, 5 Szallas utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Kiss
- Scientific Support and Investigation Unit, Ceva-Phylaxia Co. Ltd., Ceva Animal Health, 5 Szallas utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christophe Cazaban
- Science and Investigation Department, Ceva Santé Animale, BP 126, Libourne Cedex 33501, France
| | - Béatrice Grasland
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), OIE reference Laboratory for Infectious bursal disease virus, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Sébastien Mathieu Soubies
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), OIE reference Laboratory for Infectious bursal disease virus, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bonifait L, Marfaing H, Leroux A, Jaunet H, Pierre R, Quesne S, Pagot E, Baugé L, Keita A, Chemaly M, Guyard-Nicodème M. Research Note: Effect of a phlorotannin extract of the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum as a potential control strategy against Campylobacter in broilers. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101994. [PMID: 35839554 PMCID: PMC9289843 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry is generally recognized as the main source of human campylobacteriosis and Campylobacter is highly prevalent at the farm level. To reduce the relative risk of human campylobacteriosis attributable to broiler meat, it is necessary to reduce Campylobacter loads in broiler ceca but to date, no effective, reliable and practical strategy is available. The marine environment is a rich source of original natural compounds exhibiting different biological activities. The objective of this study was to test a phlorotannin extract of the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum as a potential control strategy against Campylobacter in broilers. Bactericidal activity has been demonstrated in vitro, on several Campylobacter spp. strains at a range of 0.06 to 0.47 mg/mL. Therefore, an in vivo trial in experimental facilities was performed to evaluate addition of 0.2% (w/w) of an A. nodosum extract to feed distributed at the end of rearing from day 31 to day 35, and to assess the effect on artificial Campylobacter jejuni colonization. No statistical differences in Campylobacter enumeration were observed between the treated and control groups. Another trial was performed in a commercial broiler flock. Feed containing the extract at 0.2% (w/w) (2 kg/t) was distributed during the last 5 days of rearing (day 33-day 38). No significant effects on Campylobacter colonization and on growth parameters were observed compared to the control group. Additional studies are needed to assess whether active polyphenols are found in the cecum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Bonifait
- ANSES, Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - H Marfaing
- CEVA, Algae Technology & Innovation Center, Presqu'île de Pen-Lan, 22610 Pleubian, France
| | - A Leroux
- ZOOPOLE Développement - CTPA, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - H Jaunet
- ZOOPOLE Développement - CTPA, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - R Pierre
- CEVA, Algae Technology & Innovation Center, Presqu'île de Pen-Lan, 22610 Pleubian, France
| | - S Quesne
- ANSES, Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Eric Pagot
- ZOOPOLE Développement - CTPA, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - L Baugé
- ANSES, Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - A Keita
- ANSES, Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Department of Poultry Experimentation, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - M Chemaly
- ANSES, Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - M Guyard-Nicodème
- ANSES, Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lucas C, Delannoy S, Schouler C, Souillard R, Le Devendec L, Lucas P, Keita A, Fach P, Puterflam J, Bougeard S, Kempf I. Description and validation of a new set of PCR markers predictive of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli virulence. Vet Microbiol 2022; 273:109530. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
8
|
Gloanec N, Dory D, Quesne S, Béven V, Poezevara T, Keita A, Chemaly M, Guyard-Nicodème M. Impact of DNA Prime/Protein Boost Vaccination against Campylobacter jejuni on Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota in Chickens. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060981. [PMID: 35746589 PMCID: PMC9231206 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis is reported to be the leading zoonosis in Europe, and poultry is the main reservoir of Campylobacter. Despite all the efforts made, there is still no efficient vaccine to fight this bacterium directly in poultry. Recent studies have reported interactions between the chicken immune system and gut microbiota in response to Campylobacter colonisation. The present study was designed to analyse in more depth the immune responses and caecal microbiota following vaccination with a DNA prime/protein boost flagellin-based vaccine that induces some protection in specific-pathogen-free White Leghorn chickens, as shown previously. These data may help to improve future vaccination protocols against Campylobacter in poultry. Here a vaccinated and a placebo group were challenged by C. jejuni at the age of 19 days. A partial reduction in Campylobacter loads was observed in the vaccinated group. This was accompanied by the production of specific systemic and mucosal antibodies. Transient relatively higher levels of Interleukin-10 and antimicrobial peptide avian β-defensin 10 gene expressions were observed in the vaccinated and placebo groups respectively. The analysis of caecal microbiota revealed the vaccination's impact on its structure and composition. Specifically, levels of operational taxonomic units classified as Ruminococcaceae and Bacillaceae increased on day 40.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Gloanec
- GVB–Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (N.G.); (V.B.)
- HQPAP–Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (T.P.); (M.C.); (M.G.-N.)
- UFR of Life Sciences Environment, University of Rennes 1, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Daniel Dory
- GVB–Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (N.G.); (V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)2-96-31-64-42
| | - Ségolène Quesne
- HQPAP–Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (T.P.); (M.C.); (M.G.-N.)
| | - Véronique Béven
- GVB–Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (N.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Typhaine Poezevara
- HQPAP–Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (T.P.); (M.C.); (M.G.-N.)
| | - Alassane Keita
- SELEAC–Avian Breeding and Experimental Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France;
| | - Marianne Chemaly
- HQPAP–Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (T.P.); (M.C.); (M.G.-N.)
| | - Muriel Guyard-Nicodème
- HQPAP–Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (S.Q.); (T.P.); (M.C.); (M.G.-N.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Keita A, Le Devendec L, Amelot M, Puterflam J, Lucas C, Bougeard S, Delannoy S, Schouler C, Fach P, Lucas P, Souillard R, Kempf I. Efficacy of passive immunization in broiler chicks via an inactivated Escherichia coli autogenous vaccine administered to broiler breeder hens. Avian Pathol 2022; 51:445-456. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2022.2084362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alassane Keita
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Laetitia Le Devendec
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | | | - Camille Lucas
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Stéphanie Bougeard
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Sabine Delannoy
- ANSES – French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety Food Research Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Patrick Fach
- ANSES – French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety Food Research Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pierrick Lucas
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Rozenn Souillard
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - Isabelle Kempf
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Zoopôle les croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Courtillon C, Allée C, Amelot M, Keita A, Bougeard S, Härtle S, Rouby JC, Eterradossi N, Soubies SM. Blood B Cell Depletion Reflects Immunosuppression Induced by Live-Attenuated Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccines. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:871549. [PMID: 35558891 PMCID: PMC9087897 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.871549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression in poultry production is a recurrent problem worldwide, and one of the major viral immunosuppressive agents is Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV). IBDV infections are mostly controlled by using live-attenuated vaccines. Live-attenuated Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) vaccine candidates are classified as “mild,” “intermediate,” “intermediate-plus” or “hot” based on their residual immunosuppressive properties. The immunosuppression protocol described by the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) uses a lethal Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) infectious challenge to measure the interference of a given IBDV vaccine candidate on NDV vaccine immune response. A Ph. Eur.-derived protocol was thus implemented to quantify immunosuppression induced by one mild, two intermediate, and four intermediate-plus live-attenuated IBD vaccines as well as a pathogenic viral strain. This protocol confirmed the respective immunosuppressive properties of those vaccines and virus. In the search for a more ethical alternative to Ph. Eur.-based protocols, two strategies were explored. First, ex vivo viral replication of those vaccines and the pathogenic strain in stimulated chicken primary bursal cells was assessed. Replication levels were not strictly correlated to immunosuppression observed in vivo. Second, changes in blood leukocyte counts in chicks were monitored using a Ph. Eur. - type protocol prior to lethal NDV challenge. In case of intermediate-plus vaccines, the drop in B cells counts was more severe. Counting blood B cells may thus represent a highly quantitative, faster, and ethical strategy than NDV challenge to assess the immunosuppression induced in chickens by live-attenuated IBD vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Courtillon
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, OIE Reference Laboratory for Infectious Bursal Disease, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), VIPAC Unit, Ploufragan, France
- *Correspondence: Céline Courtillon
| | - Chantal Allée
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, OIE Reference Laboratory for Infectious Bursal Disease, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), VIPAC Unit, Ploufragan, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), SELEAC Service, Ploufragan, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), SELEAC Service, Ploufragan, France
| | - Stéphanie Bougeard
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), EPISABE Unit, Ploufragan, France
| | - Sonja Härtle
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärwissenschaftliches Department, München, Germany
| | - Jean-Claude Rouby
- French Agency for Veterinary Medicinal Products (ANMV), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Javené, France
| | - Nicolas Eterradossi
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Management Department, Ploufragan, France
| | - Sebastien Mathieu Soubies
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, OIE Reference Laboratory for Infectious Bursal Disease, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), VIPAC Unit, Ploufragan, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mocz F, Michel V, Janvrot M, Moysan JP, Keita A, Riber AB, Guinebretière M. Positive Effects of Elevated Platforms and Straw Bales on the Welfare of Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Reared at Two Different Stocking Densities. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12050542. [PMID: 35268113 PMCID: PMC8908857 DOI: 10.3390/ani12050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In conventional rearing systems, fast-growing broiler chickens commonly experience welfare issues, such as contact dermatitis, walking difficulties or a lack of expression of species-specific behaviours. Enriching their environment may be a way to improve their welfare. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of elevated platforms and straw bales on the welfare of fast-growing broiler chickens reared at two different stocking densities. A total of 14,994 Ross 308 broilers were housed in 12 pens according to 4 treatments: 31 kg/m2 with or without enrichments and 41 kg/m2 with or without enrichments. The broilers' walking ability, footpad dermatitis (FPD), hock burns (HB), weight, mortality and litter quality were assessed. Stocking density had a negative effect on FPD and HB, whereas enrichments reduced the occurrence of FPD and HB at both densities. There was a positive enrichment effect and a negative density effect on body weight at 25 days and on walking ability, but no effect on the litter quality or mortality rate. These results confirm that an enriched environment improves animal welfare in confined chickens, regardless of the stocking density. Reducing stocking density clearly appears to be an important means of increasing animal welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Mocz
- Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (M.J.); (J.-P.M.); (A.K.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Virginie Michel
- Direction of Strategy and Programs, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | - Mathilde Janvrot
- Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (M.J.); (J.-P.M.); (A.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Moysan
- Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (M.J.); (J.-P.M.); (A.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Alassane Keita
- Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (M.J.); (J.-P.M.); (A.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Anja B. Riber
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;
| | - Maryse Guinebretière
- Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 22440 Ploufragan, France; (M.J.); (J.-P.M.); (A.K.); (M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Droillard C, Lemaitre E, Amelot M, Blanchard Y, Keita A, Eterradossi N, Le Gall-Reculé G. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus Lagovirus europaeus/GI.1d strain: genome sequencing, in vivo virus replication kinetics, and viral dose effect. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:257. [PMID: 34321003 PMCID: PMC8320185 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus Lagovirus europaeus/GI.1d variant (GI.1d/RHDV) was identified in 1990 in France, and until the emergence of the new genotype GI.2, it was the main variant circulating in the country. The early stages of RHDV infection have been described in a few studies of rabbits experimentally infected with earlier strains, but no information was given on the minimum infective dose. We report the genomic and phenotypic characterisation of a GI.1d/RHDV strain collected in 2000 in France (GI.1d/00-21). RESULTS We performed in vivo assays in rabbits to study virus replication kinetics in several tissues at the early stage of infection, and to estimate the minimum infective dose. Four tested doses, negligible (10- 1 viral genome copies), low (104), high (107) and very high (1011) were quantified using a method combining density gradient centrifugation of the viral particles and an RT-qPCR technique developed to quantify genomic RNA (gRNA). The GI.1d/00-21 genome showed the same genomic organisation as other lagoviruses; however, a substitution in the 5' untranslated region and a change in the potential p23/2C-like helicase cleavage site were observed. We showed that the liver of one of the two rabbits inoculated via the oral route was infected at 16 h post-infection and all tissues at 39 h post-infection. GI.1d/00-21 induced classical RHD signs (depression) and lesions (haemorrhage and splenomegaly). Although infective dose estimation should be interpreted with caution, the minimum infective dose that infected an inoculated rabbit was lower or equal to 104 gRNA copies, whereas between 104 and 107 gRNA copies were required to also induce mortality. CONCLUSIONS These results provide a better understanding of GI.1d/RHDV infection in rabbits. The genome analysis showed a newly observed mutation in the 5' untranslated region of a lagovirus, whose role remains unknown. The phenotypic analysis showed that the pathogenicity of GI.1d/00-21 and the replication kinetics in infected organs were close to those reported for the original GI.1 strains, and could not alone explain the observed selective advantage of the GI.1d strains. Determining the minimum dose of viral particles required to cause mortality in rabbits is an important input for in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Droillard
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), BP 53, F-22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Evelyne Lemaitre
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), BP 53, F-22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Department for Breeding and Experimentation in Poultry and Rabbits, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), BP 53, F-22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Yannick Blanchard
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Viral Genetics and Biosafety Unit, French Agency for Food Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), BP 53, F-22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Department for Breeding and Experimentation in Poultry and Rabbits, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), BP 53, F-22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Nicolas Eterradossi
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), BP 53, F-22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé
- Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), BP 53, F-22440, Ploufragan, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cubas-Gaona LL, Flageul A, Courtillon C, Briand FX, Contrant M, Bougeard S, Lucas P, Quenault H, Leroux A, Keita A, Amelot M, Grasland B, Blanchard Y, Eterradossi N, Brown PA, Soubies SM. Genome Evolution of Two Genetically Homogeneous Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Strains During Passages in vitro and ex vivo in the Presence of a Mutagenic Nucleoside Analog. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:678563. [PMID: 34177862 PMCID: PMC8226269 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.678563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The avibirnavirus infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is responsible for a highly contagious and sometimes lethal disease of chickens (Gallus gallus). IBDV genetic variation is well-described for both field and live-attenuated vaccine strains, however, the dynamics and selection pressures behind this genetic evolution remain poorly documented. Here, genetically homogeneous virus stocks were generated using reverse genetics for a very virulent strain, rvv, and a vaccine-related strain, rCu-1. These viruses were serially passaged at controlled multiplicities of infection in several biological systems, including primary chickens B cells, the main cell type targeted by IBDV in vivo. Passages were also performed in the absence or presence of a strong selective pressure using the antiviral nucleoside analog 7-deaza-2'-C-methyladenosine (7DMA). Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of viral genomes after the last passage in each biological system revealed that (i) a higher viral diversity was generated in segment A than in segment B, regardless 7DMA treatment and viral strain, (ii) diversity in segment B was increased by 7DMA treatment in both viruses, (iii) passaging of IBDV in primary chicken B cells, regardless of 7DMA treatment, did not select cell-culture adapted variants of rvv, preserving its capsid protein (VP2) properties, (iv) mutations in coding and non-coding regions of rCu-1 segment A could potentially associate to higher viral fitness, and (v) a specific selection, upon 7DMA addition, of a Thr329Ala substitution occurred in the viral polymerase VP1. The latter change, together with Ala270Thr change in VP2, proved to be associated with viral attenuation in vivo. These results identify genome sequences that are important for IBDV evolution in response to selection pressures. Such information will help tailor better strategies for controlling IBDV infection in chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana L Cubas-Gaona
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Alexandre Flageul
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Céline Courtillon
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Francois-Xavier Briand
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Maud Contrant
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Stephanie Bougeard
- Epidemiology, Animal Health and Welfare Unit (EPISABE), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Pierrick Lucas
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Hélène Quenault
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Aurélie Leroux
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- Experimental Poultry Unit (SELEAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- Experimental Poultry Unit (SELEAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Béatrice Grasland
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Yannick Blanchard
- Viral Genetics and Biosecurity Unit (GVB), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Nicolas Eterradossi
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Paul Alun Brown
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| | - Sébastien Mathieu Soubies
- Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Delannoy S, Schouler C, Souillard R, Yousfi L, Le Devendec L, Lucas C, Bougeard S, Keita A, Fach P, Galliot P, Balaine L, Puterflam J, Kempf I. Diversity of Escherichia coli strains isolated from day-old broiler chicks, their environment and colibacillosis lesions in 80 flocks in France. Vet Microbiol 2020; 252:108923. [PMID: 33221068 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Avian colibacillosis is the most common bacterial disease affecting broilers. To better evaluate the diversity and the origin of the causative Escherichia coli strains infecting birds, we conducted a study on 80 broiler flocks. Just before the arrival of chicks on the farm, samples were collected in the farm environment (walls, feeders, air inlets, etc.) and, upon delivery, day-old chicks (DOCs) and the transport boxes were also sampled. Isolates were obtained from these samples, and from organs of chickens exhibiting typical colibacillosis symptoms. The isolates were characterized using high-throughput qPCR to detect a range of genetic markers (phylogroups, main serogroups virulence markers, etc.). A total of 967 isolates were studied, including 203 from 28 colibacillosis episodes, 484 from DOCs, 162 from transport boxes and 118 from the farm environment. These isolates yielded 416 different genetic profiles, of which 267 were detected in single isolates, and the others were observed in up to 44 isolates from nine farms. The distributions of isolates across phylogroups and the main serogroups varied with the origin of isolation. The isolates obtained from colibacillosis cases either shared a single genetic profile or were different. In a few cases, we observed the same profile for isolates obtained from DOCs and colibacillosis lesions in the same flock or different flocks. However, some flocks receiving DOCs contaminated with isolates bearing the genetic profile of colibacillosis cases identified in other flocks remained healthy. This study highlights the huge diversity among avian E. coli isolated from diseased and non diseased birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Delannoy
- Université Paris-Est, ANSES, Food Safety Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, 94701, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | | | - Léna Yousfi
- Université Paris-Est, ANSES, Food Safety Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, 94701, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Fach
- Université Paris-Est, ANSES, Food Safety Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, 94701, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Loïc Balaine
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, France
| | | | - Isabelle Kempf
- Université Paris-Est, ANSES, Food Safety Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, 94701, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mourand G, Le Devendec L, Delannoy S, Fach P, Keita A, Amelot M, Jaunet H, Dia MEH, Kempf I. Variations of the Escherichia coli population in the digestive tract of broilers. Avian Pathol 2020; 49:678-688. [PMID: 32835506 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1814201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We explored the between-group and temporal variations in the intestinal Escherichia coli populations of broilers under experimental conditions, taking both antimicrobial resistance and virulence into consideration. Four replicates of 45 commercial chicks were reared in four animal facilities. On their first day of life (Day 0), they were orally inoculated with two extended-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant (ESCR) E. coli (2.72 log10 CFU of a bla CMY-2- and 2.55 log10 CFU of a bla CTX-M-carrying E. coli). Faecal samples were then collected weekly and caecal samples were obtained from birds sacrificed on Days 21 or 42. The total, ESC-, ciprofloxacin- and gentamicin-resistant E. coli populations were enumerated on MacConkey (MC) and MC-supplemented media, and eight virulence-associated genes (VAGs) (iroN, iutA, iss, ompT, hlyF, vat, frzorf4 , and fyuA) were sought by PCR on isolates obtained on MC agar. The results showed significant between-group differences in the size of the resistant sub-populations and the presence of VAGs. Contrary to bla CTX-M-positive strains, bla CMY-positive strains persisted up to Day 42, but represented only a minor fraction of the total E. coli population. The ESC-, gentamicin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant populations decreased over time. Isolates obtained during the first week contained a mean of 5.1 VAGs. The percentages of some VAG profiles differed between faecal isolates on Day 41 and caecal isolates on Day 42. The fluctuations or differences between E. coli isolates according to group, age, and faecal or caecal origin need to be considered when designing experimental protocols and seeking to improve colibacillosis control. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Temporal variations in the intestinal E. coli populations of broilers was studied. The antibiotic-resistant populations decreased over time. Virulence profiles differed between faecal isolates on Day 41 and caecal isolates on Day 42. Strains with the highest numbers of virulence genes were present during the first days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwenaëlle Mourand
- ANSES Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Zoopôle les croix, Ploufragan, France
| | - Laëtitia Le Devendec
- ANSES Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Zoopôle les croix, Ploufragan, France
| | - Sabine Delannoy
- ANSES - French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety Food Research Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Patrick Fach
- ANSES - French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety Food Research Laboratory, Platform IdentyPath, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- ANSES Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Zoopôle les croix, Ploufragan, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- ANSES Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Zoopôle les croix, Ploufragan, France
| | | | | | - Isabelle Kempf
- ANSES Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Zoopôle les croix, Ploufragan, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Diarra M, Cissé M, Koumaré I, Touré M, Keita A, Diallo O, Kanikomo D. Complications de la chirurgie des tumeurs de la fosse cérébrale postérieure dans le centre hospitalier Mère-Enfant “Le Luxembourg” à Bamako. Neurochirurgie 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2020.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
17
|
Thépault A, Roulleau X, Loiseau P, Cauquil L, Poezevara T, Hyronimus B, Quesne S, Souchaud F, Keita A, Chemaly M, Guyard-Nicodème M. Effect of Litter Treatment on Campylobacter jejuni in Broilers and on Cecal Microbiota. Pathogens 2020; 9:E333. [PMID: 32365731 PMCID: PMC7281257 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 2018, when a process hygiene criterion for Campylobacter in broilers at the slaughterhouse was implemented across Europe, efforts to reduce Campylobacter at farm level have increased. Despite numerous studies aiming to reduce Campylobacter colonization in broilers, no efficient control strategy has been identified so far. The present work assessed first the efficacy of a commercial litter treatment to reduce Campylobacter colonization in broilers during two in-vivo trials and second, its impact on cecal microbiota. The treatment does not affect broiler growth and no effect on Campylobacter counts was observed during the in-vivo trials. Nevertheless, cecal microbiota were affected by the treatment. Alpha and beta diversity were significantly different for the control and litter-treated groups on day 35. In addition, several taxa were identified as significantly associated with the different experimental groups. Further work is needed to find a suitable control measure combining different strategies in order to reduce Campylobacter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Thépault
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; (A.T.); (T.P.); (S.Q.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Xavier Roulleau
- Laboratoire COBIOTEX/TERAXION, 44430 Le Loroux Bottereau, France; (X.R.); (B.H.)
| | | | - Laurent Cauquil
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France;
| | - Typhaine Poezevara
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; (A.T.); (T.P.); (S.Q.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Bertrand Hyronimus
- Laboratoire COBIOTEX/TERAXION, 44430 Le Loroux Bottereau, France; (X.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Ségolène Quesne
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; (A.T.); (T.P.); (S.Q.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Florent Souchaud
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; (A.T.); (T.P.); (S.Q.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Alassane Keita
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France;
| | - Marianne Chemaly
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; (A.T.); (T.P.); (S.Q.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Muriel Guyard-Nicodème
- ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, BP53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; (A.T.); (T.P.); (S.Q.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tomás G, Marandino A, Courtillon C, Amelot M, Keita A, Pikula A, Hernández M, Hernández D, Vagnozzi A, Panzera Y, Domańska-Blicharz K, Eterradossi N, Pérez R, Soubies SM. Antigenicity, pathogenicity and immunosuppressive effect caused by a South American isolate of infectious bursal disease virus belonging to the "distinct" genetic lineage. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:245-254. [PMID: 30663339 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1572867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the causative agent of a highly contagious immunosuppressive disease affecting young chickens. The recently described "distinct IBDV" (dIBDV) genetic lineage encompasses a group of worldwide distributed strains that share conserved genetic characteristics in both genome segments making them unique within IBDV strains. Phenotypic characterization of these strains is scarce and limited to Asiatic and European strains collected more than 15 years ago. The present study aimed to assess the complete and comprehensive phenotypic characterization of a recently collected South American dIBDV strain (1/chicken/URY/1302/16). Genetic analyses of both partial genome segments confirmed that this strain belongs to the dIBDV genetic lineage and that it is not a reassortant. Antigenic analysis with monoclonal antibodies indicated that this strain has a particular antigenic profile, similar to that obtained in a dIBDV strain from Europe (80/GA), which differs from those previously found in the traditional classic, variant and very virulent strains. Chickens infected with the South American dIBDV strain showed subclinical infections but had a marked bursal atrophy. Further analysis using Newcastle disease virus-immunized chickens, previously infected with the South American and European dIBDV strains, demonstrated their severe immunosuppressive effect. These results indicate that dIBDV strains currently circulating in South America can severely impair the immune system of chickens, consequently affecting the local poultry industry. Our study provides new insights into the characteristics and variability of this global genetic lineage and is valuable to determine whether specific control measures are required for the dIBDV lineage. Research Highlights A South American strain of the dIBDV lineage was phenotypically characterized. The strain produced subclinical infections with a marked bursal atrophy. Infected chickens were severely immunosuppressed. The dIBDV strains are antigenically divergent from other IBDV lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Tomás
- a Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias , Instituto de Biología, Universidad de la República Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Ana Marandino
- a Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias , Instituto de Biología, Universidad de la República Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Céline Courtillon
- b Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC) , French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) Ploufragan , France
| | - Michel Amelot
- b Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC) , French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) Ploufragan , France
| | - Alassane Keita
- b Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC) , French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) Ploufragan , France
| | - Anna Pikula
- c Department of Poultry Diseases , National Veterinary Research Institute Pulawy , Poland
| | - Martín Hernández
- a Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias , Instituto de Biología, Universidad de la República Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Diego Hernández
- a Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias , Instituto de Biología, Universidad de la República Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Ariel Vagnozzi
- d Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Yanina Panzera
- a Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias , Instituto de Biología, Universidad de la República Montevideo , Uruguay
| | | | - Nicolas Eterradossi
- b Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC) , French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) Ploufragan , France
| | - Ruben Pérez
- a Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias , Instituto de Biología, Universidad de la República Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Sébastien Mathieu Soubies
- b Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC) , French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) Ploufragan , France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Soubies SM, Courtillon C, Abed M, Amelot M, Keita A, Broadbent A, Härtle S, Kaspers B, Eterradossi N. Propagation and titration of infectious bursal disease virus, including non-cell-culture-adapted strains, using ex vivo-stimulated chicken bursal cells. Avian Pathol 2018; 47:179-188. [PMID: 29039212 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2017.1393044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a Birnaviridae family member of economic importance for poultry. This virus infects and destroys developing B lymphocytes in the cloacal bursa, resulting in a potentially fatal or immunosuppressive disease in chickens. Naturally occurring viruses and many vaccine strains are not able to grow in in vitro systems without prior adaptation, which often affects viral properties such as virulence. Primary bursal cells, which are the main target cells of lymphotropic IBDV in vivo, may represent an attractive system for the study of IBDV. Unfortunately, bursal cells isolated from bursal follicles undergo apoptosis within hours following their isolation. Here, we demonstrate that ex vivo stimulation of bursal cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate maintains their viability long enough to allow IBDV replication to high titres. A wide range of field-derived or vaccine serotype 1 IBDV strains could be titrated in these phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate -stimulated bursal cells and furthermore were permissive for replication of non-cell-culture-adapted viruses. These cells also supported multistep replication experiments and flow cytometry analysis of infection. Ex vivo-stimulated bursal cells therefore offer a promising tool in the study of IBDV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Mathieu Soubies
- a OIE Reference Laboratory for Gumboro Disease, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES) , Ploufragan , France
| | - Céline Courtillon
- a OIE Reference Laboratory for Gumboro Disease, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES) , Ploufragan , France
| | | | - Michel Amelot
- a OIE Reference Laboratory for Gumboro Disease, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES) , Ploufragan , France
| | - Alassane Keita
- a OIE Reference Laboratory for Gumboro Disease, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES) , Ploufragan , France
| | | | - Sonja Härtle
- d Veterinärwissenschaftliches Department , Institut für Tierphysiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Bernd Kaspers
- d Veterinärwissenschaftliches Department , Institut für Tierphysiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Nicolas Eterradossi
- a OIE Reference Laboratory for Gumboro Disease, Avian and Rabbit Virology Immunology and Parasitology Unit (VIPAC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety (ANSES) , Ploufragan , France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Faye O, Dicko AA, Berthé S, Cissé L, Traoré B, Keita A, Fofana Y, Coulibaly K, Keita B. Carcinome épidermoïde associé à une dépigmentation volontaire. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018; 145:100-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
21
|
Dicko A, Fofana Y, Traoré A, Berthé S, Touré S, Lamissa C, Guindo B, Keita A, Faye O. Kaposi's disease in an HIV positive child, with probable contamination from his grandmother. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 28623553 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-017-0566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's disease in children with HIV is rarely reported in everyday practice. This is a case study of cutaneous Kaposi's disease revealing HIV in a 5-year-old child with polymorphic eruption of papules and nodules on the face, trunk, back, and limbs. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Kaposi's disease. The child's HIV serology was positive with a CD4 count of 240/mm3, normochromic and normocytic anemia, and a hemoglobin level at 8.5 g/dl. It was found that the child, after early weaning from his HIV-negative mother, had repeatedly suckled his healthy grandmother, who had no skin lesions but was HIV1 positive. Both grandmother and child were referred for treatment in their locality. The case is noteworthy for the way in which the HIV1 virus infected the child during weaning and then being suckled by his grandmother. The child already had an initial dental flare that could have injured his grandmother. Thus, in our case, there is a contamination by HIV1 virus most likely from the grandmother and contamination by the HHV8 virus, source unidentified as a technical plateau was reached.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Dicko
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Y Fofana
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| | - A Traoré
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| | - S Berthé
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| | - S Touré
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| | - C Lamissa
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| | - B Guindo
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| | - A Keita
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| | - O Faye
- Centre national d'appui à la lutte contre la maladie (CNAM), Secondary Rte, Bamako, Mali
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Le Devendec L, Mourand G, Bougeard S, Léaustic J, Jouy E, Keita A, Couet W, Rousset N, Kempf I. Impact of colistin sulfate treatment of broilers on the presence of resistant bacteria and resistance genes in stored or composted manure. Vet Microbiol 2016; 194:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
23
|
Touré A, Sow M, Etard J, Keita A, Leroy S, Taverne B, Savane I, Barry M, Delaporte E. COL 8-05 - Séquelles liées au virus Ebola : résultats de la cohorte Postebogui. Med Mal Infect 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(16)30295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
24
|
Faye O, Berthé S, Dicko A, Cissé L, Coulibaly K, Keita A, Guindo B, Keita S. P 13 : Lèpre nerveuse “multibacillaire” révélée par une polyarthrite. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(16)30188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Berthé S, Faye O, Dicko A, Sow S, Coulibaly K, Keita A, Guindo B, Keita S. P 57 : Hypochromie vitiligoïde de contact au Henné Noir. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(16)30232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
26
|
Faye O, Dicko A, Berthé S, Cissé L, Traoré B, Coulibaly K, Keita A, Guindo B, Keita S. P 58 : Premier cas de carcinome épidermoïde sur dépigmentation volontaire à Bamako. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(16)30233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
27
|
Baron S, Jouy E, Touzain F, Bougeard S, Larvor E, de Boisseson C, Amelot M, Keita A, Kempf I. Impact of the administration of a third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) to one-day-old chicks on the persistence of 3GC-resistant Escherichia coli in intestinal flora: An in vivo experiment. Vet Microbiol 2016; 185:29-33. [PMID: 26931388 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to evaluate under controlled conditions the impact on the excretion of 3GC-resistant Escherichia coli of the injection of one-day-old chicks with ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin (3GC). Three isolators containing specific-pathogen-free chicks were used. In the first one, 20 birds were injected with ceftiofur then ten of them were orally inoculated with a weak inoculum of a 3GC-resistant E. coli field isolate containing an IncI1/ST3 plasmid encoding a blaCTX-M-1 beta-lactamase. The other chicks were kept as contact birds. None of the 20 birds in the second isolator were injected with ceftiofur, but ten of them were similarly inoculated with the 3GC-resistant strain and the others kept as contact birds. A third isolator contained ten non-injected, non-inoculated chicks. Fecal samples were collected regularly over one month and the E. coli isolated on non-supplemented media were characterized by antimicrobial agar dilution, detection of selected resistance genes and determination of phylogenetic group by PCR. The titers of 3GC-resistant E. coli in individual fecal samples were evaluated by culturing on 3GC-supplemented media. Results showed that the inoculated strain rapidly and abundantly colonized the inoculated and contact birds. The ceftiofur injection resulted in significantly higher percentages of 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates among the analyzed E. coli. No transfer of the 3GC-encoding plasmid to other isolates could be evidenced. In conclusion, these results highlight the dramatic capacity of 3GC-resistant E. coli to colonize and persist in chicks, and the selecting pressure imposed by the off-label use of ceftiofur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Baron
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Eric Jouy
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Touzain
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Stéphanie Bougeard
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Emeline Larvor
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Claire de Boisseson
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Michel Amelot
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Alassane Keita
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Kempf
- ANSES, Ploufragan Laboratory, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, 35000 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Guyard-Nicodème M, Keita A, Quesne S, Amelot M, Poezevara T, Le Berre B, Sánchez J, Vesseur P, Martín Á, Medel P, Chemaly M. Efficacy of feed additives against Campylobacter in live broilers during the entire rearing period. Poult Sci 2016; 95:298-305. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
29
|
Delorme L, Machuron JL, Sow I, Diagne R, Sakandé J, Nikiéma A, Bougoudogo F, Keita A, Longuet C. [RESAOLAB: West African network of laboratories to enhance the quality of clinical biology]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 108:36-40. [PMID: 25012097 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-014-0378-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Fondation Mérieux, in partnership with the Ministries of Health of Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal, implemented for four years a project to reinforce the laboratory sector in the three participating countries: the RESAOLAB project (West African Network of Biomedical Analysis Laboratories).The objective of RESAOLAB project, in partnership with the WHO Office for West Africa and the West African Health Organization, was to strengthen the systems of biomedical laboratories to improve diagnostic services, access, monitoring and management of infectious diseases. Following the successful results achieved under the RESAOLAB project and due to the demand of the neighbour countries ministries, the RESAOLAB project is now extended to four other countries of the West African region: Benin, Guinea-Conakry, Niger and Togo. The RESAOLAB project has become the RESAOLAB programme, its purpose is to strengthen the quality of the medical biology services thanks to a regional and transversal approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Delorme
- Fondation Mérieux, 29281, Dakar-Yoff, Sénégal.
| | | | - I Sow
- Cité pyrotechnique, Ministère de la santé, Direction des laboratoires du Sénégal, Sacré Coeur 3, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - R Diagne
- Cité pyrotechnique, Ministère de la santé, Direction des laboratoires du Sénégal, Sacré Coeur 3, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - J Sakandé
- Laboratoires du Burkina Faso, 09 BP 863, Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso
| | - A Nikiéma
- Laboratoires du Burkina Faso, 09 BP 863, Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso
| | - F Bougoudogo
- Ministère de la santé du Mali, INRSP, BP1771, Bamako, Mali
| | - A Keita
- Ministère de la santé du Mali, INRSP, BP1771, Bamako, Mali
| | - C Longuet
- Fondation Mérieux, 17 rue Bourgelat, 69002, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sangho H, Keita A, Keita H, Sylla M, Dia A, Doumbia S. Suivi des nourrissons nés de mères séropositives au VIH : stratégie pour prévenir la transmission mère enfant au Mali. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
31
|
|
32
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of preoperative meloxicam administration on postoperative stress and pain induced by surgical castration in piglets. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, blinded, randomized clinical trial. ANIMALS One hundred and eighty male piglets of <1 week of age. METHODS Castration was performed on 150 piglets which had received either an intramuscular injection of 0.4 mg kg(-1) meloxicam or a placebo 10-30 minutes before the procedure. Blood cortisol and ACTH concentrations were determined at 30 minutes post-castration and haptoglobin was measured at 24 hours post-castration. Presence or absence of foreleg movements, hind leg movements, urine or faeces emission, tremors or other body movements were recorded during the castration procedure. Scores for presence or absence of prostration, tremors, tail movements and isolation were recorded at 30 minutes, and at 1, 2, 4 and 24 hours post-castration and combined in a global behaviour score (GBS). Blood samples were taken from a further 30 piglets which did not undergo castration. RESULTS Mean blood cortisol and ACTH concentrations at 30 minutes post-castration were both significantly lower in the meloxicam group than in the placebo group (p < or = 0.01). The mean haptoglobin concentration at 24 hours was not significantly reduced (p = 0.178). The distribution of the GBS during castration was similar in both groups. There were significant differences in the GBS after castration at both 2 and 4 hours post-castration with a greater proportion of piglets in the meloxicam group showing no behavioural alterations (82.7%versus 68.0% at both time points). The score distribution was similar in both groups at 30 minutes, 1 and 24 hours after castration. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study suggests that pre-emptive administration of meloxicam is able to produce some postoperative analgesia after surgical castration of young piglets.
Collapse
|
33
|
Mansour KB, Keita A, Zribi M, Masmoudi A, Zarrouk S, Labbene M, Kallel L, Karoui S, Fekih M, Matri S, Boubaker J, Cheikh I, Chouaib S, Filali A, Mami NB, Najjar T, Fendri C. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Tunisian blood donors (outpatients), symptomatic patients and control subjects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 34:75-82. [PMID: 19879082 DOI: 10.1016/j.gcb.2009.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Helicobacter pylori is a worldwide infection, although little data are available in the Tunisian population. The aims of our study were to detect the prevalence of H. pylori in a blood-donor population (n=250) and in another population of hospital-consulting patients comprising 87 symptomatic patients and 59 controls, and to determine the factors that influence the prevalence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study subjects answered a standardized questionnaire, and IgG anti-H. pylori and anti-cag were detected by ELISA. In the second population, culture and cagA polymerase chain reaction were performed. RESULTS The seroprevalence of H. pylori in blood donors was 64%, and 11% had anti-cag. All patients positive for anti-cag were also positive for anti-H. pylori antibodies. The seroprevalence of H. pylori was 99.3% in the hospital-consulting patients, of whom 55.5% were positive for anti-cag. The difference between the anti-cag and symptomatic patients (66.7%) and controls (39%) was significant. Symptomatic patients had a higher rate of anti-cag (66.7%) compared with the controls (39%) and blood donors (11%). CONCLUSION H. pylori seroprevalence in blood donors is low (64%) compared with symptomatic patients (99.3%), and anti-cag was statistically associated with symptomatic patients and pathology. Also, some environmental factors were correlated with H. pylori seroprevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K B Mansour
- Laboratoire de microbiologie, UR04SP08, CHU Rabta, 1007 El Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia. khansa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dabo A, Sow MY, Sangaré L, Maiga I, Keita A, Bagayoko Y, Kouriba B, Doumbo O. [Transmission of schistosomiasis in an urban population and prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis in Bamako, Mali ]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2003; 96:187-90. [PMID: 14582293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Parasitological, malacological and anthropological studies were performed to assess the prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni in schoolchildren living in the suburban area of Bamako. A total of 1017 schoolchildren aged 6-14 years were selected in two different areas between September 1997 and December 1999. In Djikoroni, the prevalence of S. haematobium and S. mansoni was 80.7% (339/420) and 22.8% (85/372) respectively. There was no significant difference of prevalence and intensity of infection with S. haematobium between schools, gender and age (p > 0.05), whereas, those of S. mansoni were higher in the vicinity of (+/- 100 m from) major sites where infected Biomphalaria pfeifferi were found (p < 0.001). In Niomirambougou, S. haematobium was prevalent in 46.7% (279/597) and S. mansoni in 28.2% (134/475). Boys and children aged 11-14 years were more infected (p < 0.001). Associated intestinal helminths (Hymenolepis nana, Necator americanus and Ascaris lumbricoides) were relatively scarce (prevalence < 1%). The prevalences of schistosome infected snails intermediate host were relatively high, 49.3% (100/203) in B. pfeifferi, 20.6% (88/138) in B. truncatus and 24.1% (7/29) in B. globosus. We recorded a total of 2514 water contacts about which 1130 in December and 1384 in January. Most of the children, 42.9% (1077/2511) were attracted to water bodies for bathing, swimming and playing, suggesting the lack of recreational facilities in these areas. Developing local control programmes in schools located in the vicinity of water bodies would contribute to break the parasite transmission cycle in Bamako.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Dabo
- Faculté de médecine, pharmacie et d'odonto-stomatologie/Département d'épidémiologie des affections parasitaires, BP. 1805 Bamako, Mali
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Keita A, Lazrak F, Essassi EM, Alaoui IC, Rodi YK, Bellan J, Pierrot M. 2,4-Dioxo(dimercapto)-1,5-benzodiazepino-13-couronne-2, Nouveau Macrocycle Complexant de L'ion Ag +. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500307884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
36
|
Ancolio C, Azas N, Mahiou V, Ollivier E, Di Giorgio C, Keita A, Timon-David P, Balansard G. Antimalarial activity of extracts and alkaloids isolated from six plants used in traditional medicine in Mali and Sao Tome. Phytother Res 2002; 16:646-9. [PMID: 12410545 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Methanol and chloroform extracts were prepared from various parts of four plants collected in Mali: Guiera senegalensis (Gmel.) Combretaceae, Feretia apodanthera (Del.) Rubiaceae, Combretum micranthum (Don.) Combretaceae, Securidaca longepedunculata (Fres.) Polygalaceae and two plants -collected in Sao Tome: Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw.) Myristicaceae and Morinda citrifolia (Benth.) Rubiaceae were assessed for their in vitro antimalarial activity and their cytotoxic effects on human monocytes (THP1 cells) by flow cytometry. The methanol extract of leaves of Feretia apodanthera and the chloroform extract of roots of Guiera senegalensis exhibited a pronounced antimalarial activity. Two alkaloids isolated from the active extract of Guiera senegalensis, harman and tetrahydroharman, showed antimalarial activity (IC(50) lower than 4 microg/mL) and displayed low toxicity against THP1. Moreover, the decrease of THP1 cells in S phase of the cell cycle, after treatment with harman and tetrahydroharman, was probably due to an inhibition of total protein synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ancolio
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Keita A, Ahabchane N, Essassi EM, Pierrot M. 2-Acetyl-4H-benzothiazin-3(2H)-one. Acta Crystallogr C 2000. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108768100005693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
38
|
Abstract
The title compound, C(10)H(9)NO(2)S, has a boat-shaped heterocyclic six-membered ring such that the S and N atoms lie essentially in the plane of the benzene ring while the remaining two C atoms are above this plane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Keita
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Hétérocyclique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Traore F, Faure R, Ollivier E, Gasquet M, Azas N, Debrauwer L, Keita A, Timon-David P, Balansard G. Structure and antiprotozoal activity of triterpenoid saponins from Glinus oppositifolius. Planta Med 2000; 66:368-371. [PMID: 10865459 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-8551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two new triterpenoid saponins, glinosides A and B, isolated from the aerial parts of Glinus oppositifolius, have been characterized by 1D, 2D, NMR and high-resolution mass spectral (HRMS) techniques. Their structures were established respectively as 16-O-(beta-arabinopyranosyl)-3-oxo-12,16 beta,21 beta,22-tetrahydroxyhopane for glinoside A and 16-O-(beta-arabinopyranosyl)-3-oxo-12,16 beta,22-trihydroxyhopane for glinoside B. Results presented evidence that fractions had a better antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 31.80 micrograms/ml) than pure glinoside A (IC50 = 42.30 micrograms/ml).
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Mitragyna inermis (De Willd.) O. Kuntze Rubiaceae, Nauclea latifolia (Sm.) Rubiaceae, Glinus oppositofolius (Linn) Molluginaceae and Trichilia roka (Forsk.) Chiv. Meliaceae were investigated for their in vitro antimalarial activity. Leaves, roots and stem barks were submitted to aqueous, hydromethano and chloroform extractions and antimalarial activity was evaluated by microscopic and flow cytometric analysis. The results present evidence that the alkaloids contained in chloroform extracts and ursolic acid, purified from the hydromethanol extract of M. inermis induced a significant decrease of parasite proliferation. However, aqueous extracts, traditionally used for medication did not show high antimalarial activity. Statistical comparison between microscopic and cytometric analysis demonstrated the validity of this new technique for the screening of active antimalarial compounds isolated from plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Traore-Keita
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
From the roots of Vismia guineensis 23 structurally related compounds were isolated and identified. Ten of them are new constituents, namely 3-O-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl)-emodin (1); 3-O-(2-methoxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl)-emodin (2); 1, 8-dihydroxy-3-(2-methoxy-3-methylbut-3-enyloxy)-6-methylx anthone (3); 1,8-dihydroxy-3-geranyloxy-6-methylxanthone (4); 1, 8-dihydroxy-3-isoprenyloxy-6-methylxanthone (5); 1,8-dihydroxy-3-(3, 7-dimethyl-7-methoxyoct-2-enyloxy)-6-methylxanthone (6); 3-O-(E-3-hydroxymethylbut-2-enyl)-emodin (7); 3-O-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxybut-2-enyl)-emodin (8); 1, 8-dihydroxy-3-(E-3-hydroxymethylbut-2-enyloxy)-6-methylxa nthone (9); and 1, 8-dihydroxy-3-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxybut-2-enyloxy)-6- methylxantho ne (10). Their structures were established by means of EIMS and a combination of homonuclear and heteronuclear 2D NMR techniques. Furthermore, an in vitro preliminary screening of antimitotic activity of all the isolated compounds was also evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Bilia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, Via Gino Capponi 9, 55121 Firenze, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Occhiuto F, Sanogo R, Germano MP, Keita A, D'Angelo V, De Pasquale R. Effects of some Malian medicinal plants on the respiratory tract of guinea-pigs. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999; 51:1299-303. [PMID: 10632088 DOI: 10.1211/0022357991776877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Crossopteryx febrifuga, Pteleopsis suberosa and Entada africana are used in Mali traditional medicine for fever and various respiratory diseases. We have investigated the effects of these three drugs in the form of a decoction on the respiratory tract using different experimental models. On citric acid-induced cough in guinea-pigs, the three drugs significantly decreased the number of coughs at the doses of 250 (P < 0.01), 500 (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) and 1000 (P < 0.01) mg kg(-1). The percent inhibition was respectively 62.86, 69.03 and 77.44% for C. febrifuga, 57.80, 53.90 and 61.40% for E. africana, and 37.13, 42.44 and 73.72% for P. suberosa. Codeine phosphate (10 mg kg(-1)) used as reference drug showed an inhibition of 76.32%. E. africana (1000 mg kg(-1)) reduced (65% inhibition) significantly (P < 0.05) bronchoconstriction induced by histamine (99.25% and 34.00% for control and extract, respectively). Furthermore, E. africana (1000 mg kg(-1)) provoked a bronchodilatation response when administered under basal conditions. On antigen-induced bronchospasm, C. febrifuga protected (54% inhibition) sensitized guinea-pigs with a pulmonary ventilation pressure (PVP) of 24.87% (control value < 55.00%). P. suberosa was inactive in both experimental models. The reference drug, disodium cromoglycate (10 mg kg(-1), i.v.) protected significantly (P < 0.05) with a PVP of 12.00% (78% of inhibition). This study confirmed the traditional use of these plants in the treatment of cough and other respiratory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Occhiuto
- Pharmaco-Biological Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zellou A, Keita A, Cherrah Y, Essassi EM, Hassar M. [Synthesis and pharmacologic study of 1,5-dialkyl-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dithiones]. Therapie 1999; 54:645-9. [PMID: 10667103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and psychotropic activity of 1,5-diakyl-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dithiones (alkyl = methyl, ethyl and benzyl radicals) were studied. Alkylation reactions were performed in catalytic conditions by phase transfer. These reactions allowed us to isolate only one kind of product N-alkyl. Acute toxicity studies were conducted according to European protocols in two species of appropriate mammals in order to discover the lethal doses. The activity of the compounds on the CNS was then studied, using a battery of compartmental tests used in psychopharmacology. No toxicity was demonstrated at therapeutic doses. Each product had a sedative effect more or less pronounced and different from the reference substance clobazam (Urbanyl). They also had myorelaxant and anxiolytic effects, even lengthening the hypnotic effect of thiopental (synergic action).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Zellou
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat-Instituts, Maroc
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
The bark Pteleopsis suberosa is commonly used in Mali for the treatment of gastric ulcers. The present study evaluated the antiulcerogenic property of chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts and of decoction of P. suberosa bark against ulcer lesions induced by ethanol and indomethacin in rats. The results tend to confirm the popular use of the plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R De Pasquale
- Pharmaco-Biological Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- C Chini
- Dipartimento di Chimira Bioorganica, Universita' di Pisa, via Bonanno 33, 1-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
The episodes of morbidity over a 6 month period were recorded at 179 households comprising 1715 people living in the district of Bandiagara (Mali). This population was subdivided into groups according to their distances from the nearest district health centre and educational services, their scholarization, socio-economic and hygiene levels. The subjects interviewed were asked to report illnesses using their vernacular names, the type of therapy selected, the decision process, the time-lapse between onset and remedial action, the treatment undergone and its effect. Subsequent analysis of the data recorded indicates that the frequency of morbidity episodes is inversely proportionate to the household's level of hygiene. It also appears that factors such as the household's hygienic, socio-economic and educational levels along with the type of illness and its duration, are more decisive when resorting (or not resorting) to treatment than is the proximity factor. This seems particularly true in the case of traditional medicine, chosen even where cosmopolitan resources are available and by people with a relatively high socio-economic, hygienic and educational level. In the specific situation under study this paper indicates those areas for further study with a view to improving public health education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Coppo
- Traditional Medicine Programme, Centro Sperimentale Educazione Sanitaria, Perugio, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Affiliation(s)
- L Popielas
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Toulouse III, 31 Allées Jules Guesde, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lapierre J, Keita A, Faurant C, Heyer F, Tourte-Schaefer C, Ancelle T, Dupouy-Camet J. [Treatment of 700 cases of bilharziasis with the new drugs oxamniquine, oltipraz, praziquantel]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 1983; 76:526-533. [PMID: 6673843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The authors study the results of a treatment of 700 cases of bilharziasis seen in Paris and in two foci in Togo, by oxamniquine, oltipraz or praziquantel. The three drugs are well tolerated; only a few mild side-effects were reported such as discomfort, nausea, headaches (two cases of acrodynia with oltipraz ). The three drugs are very efficacious in the case of schistosomiasis mansoni (85,5% success rate with oxamniquine, 92,9% with praziquantel, from 76,5 to 92% with oltipraz depending on the different strains) at day 180. As far as schistosomiasis haematobium is concerned, oltipraz and praziquantel have a 87,5% success rate with oltipraz and 80% with praziquantel; however, in the case of oltipraz , it is necessary to increase the dose. The action of praziquantel seems to be slower on Schistosoma haematobium than on S. mansoni. By the study of the evolution of antibodies, the fast action of praziquantel was noticed, explaining the peak of serological titers and of eosinophilia as early as day 10 after treatment; in the case of oltipraz , the apparition of this peak is only recorded at the 30th day. The slower effect of oltipraz on worms implicates not to judge its efficacy by too early controls.
Collapse
|
50
|
Keita A, Kamina P, Plessis J. [Note on flexures of branches of the external carotid artery]. Arch Anat Pathol (Paris) 1970; 18:301-5. [PMID: 5498799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|