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Naveed M, Ul Ain N, Aziz T, Shabbir MA, Saleem A, Zafar A, Ghulam N, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. Side chain inset of neurogenerative amino acids to metalloproteins: a therapeutic signature for huntingtin protein in Huntington's disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:6831-6842. [PMID: 37522694 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202307_33154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Huntington's disease is a dominant autosomal inherited neurodegenerative disease that results in progressive impairment, characterized by dementia, chorea, and behavioral and cognitive decline. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential activity of metalloproteins against the huntingtin protein using various insertion-based engineering computational methods. Metalloproteins, metal protein complexes involved in important biochemical and physiological processes, were explored as potential drug candidates for Huntington's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 metalloproteins were selected as drug candidates and studied to assess their potential inhibitory effects on the huntingtin protein. The screening process was based on the lowest binding energy. The metalloprotein with the lowest docking score was chosen for side chain insertion of neurogenerative amino acids. The engineered metalloprotein was then evaluated based on physiochemical properties, allergenicity, toxicity, and surface accessibility. Cloning and expression analysis was performed to further investigate its potential as a therapeutic agent. RESULTS The metalloprotein chosen for side chain insertion, cytochrome C oxidase, showed promising results. It was computed as a probable non-allergen and exhibited no toxic domains, indicating its non-toxic nature. Additionally, it demonstrated a strong binding affinity with the huntingtin protein, with a binding energy of -1,253.3 Kcal/mol. CONCLUSIONS Metal-based proteins, when engineered with additional neurogenerative amino acids, hold potential as drug candidates for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease. The successful development of these engineered metalloproteins could offer therapeutic advantages. Further testing, both in vitro and in vivo, is necessary to evaluate their efficacy and validate their potential activity as novel drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Mallet JF, Shahbazi R, Alsadi N, Saleem A, Sobiesiak A, Arnason JT, Matar C. Role of a Mixture of Polyphenol Compounds Released after Blueberry Fermentation in Chemoprevention of Mammary Carcinoma: In Vivo Involvement of miR-145. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043677. [PMID: 36835085 PMCID: PMC9966222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms such as microRNA (miRNA) deregulation seem to exert a central role in breast cancer initiation and progression. Therefore, targeting epigenetics deregulation may be an effective strategy for preventing and halting carcinogenesis. Studies have revealed the significant role of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds derived from fermented blueberry fruits in cancer chemoprevention by modulation of cancer stem cell development through the epigenetic mechanism and regulation of cellular signaling pathways. In this study, we first investigated the phytochemical changes during the blueberry fermentation process. Fermentation favored the release of oligomers and bioactive compounds such as protocatechuic acid (PCA), gallic acid, and catechol. Next, we investigated the chemopreventive potentials of a polyphenolic mixture containing PCA, gallic acid, and catechin found in fermented blueberry juice in a breast cancer model by measuring miRNA expression and the signaling pathways involved in breast cancer stemness and invasion. To this end, 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were treated with different doses of the polyphenolic mixture for 24 h. Additionally, female Balb/c mice were fed with this mixture for five weeks; two weeks before and three weeks after receiving 4T1 cells. Mammosphere formation was assayed in both cell lines and the single-cell suspension obtained from the tumor. Lung metastases were counted by isolating 6-thioguanine-resistant cells present in the lungs. In addition, we conducted RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis to validate the expression of targeted miRNAs and proteins, respectively. We found a significant reduction in mammosphere formation in both cell lines treated with the mixture and in tumoral primary cells isolated from mice treated with the polyphenolic compound. The number of colony-forming units of 4T1 cells in the lungs was significantly lower in the treatment group compared to the control group. miR-145 expression significantly increased in the tumor samples of mice treated with the polyphenolic mixture compared to the control group. Furthermore, a significant increase in FOXO1 levels was noted in both cell lines treated with the mixture. Overall, our results show that phenolic compounds found in fermented blueberry delay the formation of tumor-initiating cells in vitro and in vivo and reduce the spread of metastatic cells. The protective mechanisms seem to be related, at least partly, to the epigenetic modulation of mir-145 and its signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Mallet
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Roghayeh Shahbazi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nawal Alsadi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Agnes Sobiesiak
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - John Thor Arnason
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Chantal Matar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +613-562-5800 (ext. 8322)
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Watson S, Saleem A, Sathianathan V, Richardson A, Lucas N. P.85 Severe SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022. [PMCID: PMC9060824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hall B, Rapinski M, Spoor D, Eid H, Saleem A, Arnason JT, Foster B, Cuerrier A, Haddad PS, Harris CS. A Multivariate Approach to Ethnopharmacology: Antidiabetic Plants of Eeyou Istchee. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:511078. [PMID: 35126097 PMCID: PMC8808167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.511078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An ethnopharmacological metanalysis was conducted with a large database available on antidiabetic activities of plant foods and medicines from the northern boreal forest, which are traditionally used by the indigenous Cree of James Bay, Quebec, Canada. The objective was to determine which bioassays are closely associated with the traditional knowledge of the Cree and which pharmacological metrics and phytochemical signals best define these plants and their groups. Data from 17 plant species, ethnobotanically ranked by syndromic importance value for treatment of 15 diabetic symptoms, was used along with 49 bioassay endpoints reported across numerous pharmacological studies and a metabolomics dataset. Standardized activities were separated into primary, secondary and safety categories and summed to produce a Pharmacological Importance Value (PIV) in each of the three categories for each species. To address the question of which pharmacological metrics and phytochemical signals best define the CEI anti-diabetes plants, multivariate analyses were undertaken to determine groupings of plant families and plant parts. The analysis identified Larix larcina as the highest PIV species in primary assays, Salix planifolia in secondary assays, and Kalmia angustifolia in safety assays, as well as a ranking of other less active species by PIV. Multivariate analysis showed that activity in safety PIV monitored mainly with cytochrome P450 inhibition patterns best reflected patterns of traditional medicine importance in Cree traditional knowledge, whereas potent primary bioactivities were seen in individual plants determined to be most important to the Cree for anti-diabetes purposes. In the secondary anti-diabetes assays, pharmacological variability was better described by plant biology, mostly in terms of the plant part used. Key signal in the metabolomics loadings plots for activity were phenolics especially quercetin derivatives. Traditional Indigenous knowledge in this analysis was shown to be able to guide the identification of plant pharmacological qualities in scientific terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braydon Hall
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michel Rapinski
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, CIHR Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Danielle Spoor
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, CIHR Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hoda Eid
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Beni-Suef University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John T. Arnason
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Brian Foster
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alain Cuerrier
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, CIHR Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre S. Haddad
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, CIHR Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cory S. Harris
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team in Aboriginal Anti-Diabetic Medicines, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Cory S. Harris,
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Raqeeb A, Saleem A, Ansari L, Nazami SM, Muhammad MW, Malik M, Naqash M, Khalid F. Assessment of land use cover changes, carbon sequestration and carbon stock in dry temperate forests of Chilas watershed, Gilgit-Baltistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Land use and land cover change are affecting the global environment and ecosystems of the different biospheres. Monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of these changes is of utmost importance as they often results in several global environmental consequences such as land degradation, mass erosion, habitat deterioration as well as micro and macro climate of the regions. The advance technologies like remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) are helpful in determining/ identifying these changes. In the current study area, changes in carbon stocks, notably in forest areas, are resulting in considerable dynamics of carbon stocks as a result of climate change and carbon sequestration. This study was carried out in the Diamer district of the Gilgit Baltistan (GB) Pakistan to investigate the change in cover change/land use change (particularly Forest Land use) as well as carbon sequestration potential of the forests in the district during almost last 25years. The land cover, temporal Landsat data (level 1, LIT) were downloaded from the USGS EROS (2016), for 1979-1989, 1990-2000 and 2001-2012. Change in land uses, particularly forest cover was investigated using GIS techniques. Forest inventory was carried out using random sampling techniques. A standard plot of size 0.1 ha (n=80) was laid out to determine the tree density, volume, biomass and C stocks. Simulation of C stocks was accomplished by application of the CO2FIX model with the data input from inventory. Results showed a decrease in both forest and snow cover in the region from 1979-2012. Similarly decrease was seen in tree volume, tree Biomass, dynamics of C Stocks and decrease was in occur tree density respectively. It is recommended we need further more like project such as BTAP (Billion Tree Afforestation Project) and green Pakistan project to increase the forest cover, to control on land use change, protect forest ecosystem and to protect snow cover.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Raqeeb
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A. Saleem
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - L. Ansari
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. Malik
- University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M. Naqash
- Pakistan Forest Institute Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - F. Khalid
- Pakistan Forest Institute Peshawar, Pakistan; Institute of Space Technology, Pakistan
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Khan A, Mushtaq MH, Muhammad J, Ahmed B, Khan EA, Khan A, Zakki SA, Altaf E, Haq I, Saleem A, Warraich MA, Ahmed N, Rabaan AA. Global epidemiology of Equine Influenza viruses; "A possible emerging zoonotic threat in future" an extensive systematic review with evidence. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246591. [PMID: 34468519 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are different opinions around the World regarding the zoonotic capability of H3N8 equine influenza viruses. In this report, we have tried to summarize the findings of different research and review articles from Chinese, English, and Mongolian Scientific Literature reporting the evidence for equine influenza virus infections in human beings. Different search engines i.e. CNKI, PubMed, ProQuest, Chongqing Database, Mongol Med, and Web of Knowledge yielded 926 articles, of which 32 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. Analyzing the epidemiological and Phylogenetic data from these articles, we found a considerable experimental and observational evidence of H3N8 equine influenza viruses infecting human being in different parts of the World in the past. Recently published articles from Pakistan and China have highlighted the emerging threat and capability of equine influenza viruses for an epidemic in human beings in future. In this review article we have summarized the salient scientific reports published on the epidemiology of equine influenza viruses and their zoonotic aspect. Additionally, several recent developments in the start of 21st century, including the transmission and establishment of equine influenza viruses in different animal species i.e. camels and dogs, and presumed encephalopathy associated to influenza viruses in horses, have documented the unpredictable nature of equine influenza viruses. In sum up, several reports has highlighted the unpredictable nature of H3N8 EIVs highlighting the need of continuous surveillance for H3N8 in equines and humans in contact with them for novel and threatening mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khan
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - M H Mushtaq
- The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - J Muhammad
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - B Ahmed
- Nanjing Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - E A Khan
- Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Khan
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - S A Zakki
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - E Altaf
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - I Haq
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - A Saleem
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - M A Warraich
- Marketing Rennes School of Business, Rennes, France
| | - N Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A A Rabaan
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Saleem A, Awange JL, Kuhn M, John B, Hu K. Impacts of extreme climate on Australia's green cover (2003-2018): A MODIS and mascon probe. Sci Total Environ 2021; 766:142567. [PMID: 33097275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Australia as a continent represents a semi-arid environment that is generally water-limited. Changes in rainfall pattern will inevitably occur due to rising temperatures caused by climate change, which has a direct impact on the distribution of Australia's vegetation (green cover). As variability in rainfall continues to increase, i.e., in frequency and/or magnitude, due to climate change, extreme climate events such as droughts are predicted to become more pervasive and severe that will have an adverse effect on vegetation. This study investigates the effects of extreme climate on Australia's green cover during 2003-2018 for the end of rainy seasons of April and October in the northern and southern parts, respectively, to (i) determine the state of vegetation and its changes, (ii) identify "hotspots", i.e., regions that constantly experienced statistically significant decrease in NDVI, and (iii), relate changes in the identified hotspots to GRACE-hydrological changes. These are achieved through the exploitation of the statistical tools of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Mann-Kendel Test on Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) hydrological products on the one hand, and the utilization of Australia's rainfall product and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (MODIS-NDVI) used here with its native spatial resolution of 0.002413∘ × 0.002413∘ on the other hand. Differences between 3-year intervals from 2003 to 2018 for both April and October datasets are used to quantify vegetation variations. Through area change analysis, the vegetation differences (2003-2018) indicate that April exhibited larger increase (13.77% of total vegetation area) than decrease (7.83%) compared to October, which experienced slightly larger decrease (9.41%) than increase (8.71%). South Australia and Western Australia emerge as "hotspots" in which vegetation statistically decreased in October, with no noticeable change in April. GRACE-based hydrological changes in both hotspots reflect a decreasing trend (2003-2009) and increasing trend (2009-2012) that peaks in 2011, which then transitions towards a gradually decreasing trend after 2012. Australia-wide climate variability (ENSO and IOD) influenced vegetation variations during the data period 2003 to 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saleem
- School of Earth and Planetary Science, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - J L Awange
- School of Earth and Planetary Science, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Geodetic Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Strasse 7, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Kuhn
- School of Earth and Planetary Science, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - B John
- School of Earth and Planetary Science, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - K Hu
- School of Earth and Planetary Science, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Abu-Harirah HA, Saleem A, Daradka HM, Siyam AAA, Qudah AJA, Daabes E. Bacterial Infections Profile and Patterns for Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Nongovernmental Hospitals of Jordan. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i1331260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Many types of infection can cause diabetic foot ulcers Infections involving the bacteria; E. coli, Acinetobacter spp (MDR) and K. pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, so the assessment of Bacterial profile and patterns is needed to understand the source and management of these injuries.
Objective: To determine Bacterial infections profile and patterns for diabetic foot ulcers in nongovernmental.
Method: During a period of eleven months, 148 patients with diabetic mellitus foot syndrome (DMFS). Patients were involved, out of 130 which foot ulceration infections. data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. p value was set at <0.05.
Results: Out of 607 Patients with diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) were 130 out of 148 with diabetic mellitus foot syndrome (DMFS). Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) therefore contributed 20.3% of DMFS among these subjects. Microbiological culture pattern was total of 17 different pathogenic microorganisms were isolated from the participants, one yeast and 16 types of bacteria, from the diabetic foot swabs for ulcers. S. aureus was the most frequent pathogen followed by E.coli then Acinetobacter spp (MDR) and K. pneumonia, then pseudomonas aeruginosa , then p. mirabilis then Streptococcus agalactiae ( group b) then (Enitrobacteria spp and pseudomonas spp and Candida spp and P. vulgaris and K. oxytoca ESBL) then S. viridanse and Enterobacter spp ESBL and Staphylococcus coag. negative). The Enterobacter spp ESBL was the less frequent pathogen.
Conclusion: Diabetic Foot Ulcerations (DFU), is forming about a quarter of the diabetic patient’s tissue infections, the causative agents were bacterial and fungal(yeast). Most of the causative pathogens were; Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter spp (MDR). The risk of development of High resistant drug isolates of diabetic foot ulcers to be multidrug resistance were high by 53% of total isolated pathogens specially with K. pneumonia (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Proteus mirabilis bacterial.
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Aylagas E, Borja A, Pochon X, Zaiko A, Keeley N, Bruce K, Hong P, Ruiz GM, Stein ED, Theroux S, Geraldi N, Ortega A, Gajdzik L, Coker DJ, Katan Y, Hikmawan T, Saleem A, Alamer S, Jones BH, Duarte CM, Pearman J, Carvalho S. Translational Molecular Ecology in practice: Linking DNA-based methods to actionable marine environmental management. Sci Total Environ 2020; 744:140780. [PMID: 32693276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular-based approaches can provide timely biodiversity assessments, showing an immense potential to facilitate decision-making in marine environmental management. However, the uptake of molecular data into environmental policy remains minimal. Here, we showcase a selection of local to global scale studies applying molecular-based methodologies for environmental management at various stages of implementation. Drawing upon lessons learned from these case-studies, we provide a roadmap to facilitate applications of DNA-based methods to marine policies and to overcome the existing challenges. The main impediment identified is the need for standardized protocols to guarantee data comparison across spatial and temporal scales. Adoption of Translational Molecular Ecology - the sustained collaboration between molecular ecologists and stakeholders, will enhance consensus with regards to the objectives, methods, and outcomes of environmental management projects. Establishing a sustained dialogue among stakeholders is key to accelerating the adoption of molecular-based approaches for marine monitoring and assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Aylagas
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Angel Borja
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea s/n, 20110 Pasaia, Spain
| | - Xavier Pochon
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Anastasija Zaiko
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand
| | - Nigel Keeley
- Benthic Resources and Processors Group, Institute of Marine Research, Postboks 6606 Langnes, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kat Bruce
- Nature Metrics Ltd, CABI site, Bakeham Lane, Egham TW20 9TY, United Kingdom
| | - Peiying Hong
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gregory M Ruiz
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA; Aquatic Bioinvasion Research and Policy Institute, Environmental Science and Management, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Eric D Stein
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd., Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626-1437, USA
| | - Susanna Theroux
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd., Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626-1437, USA
| | - Nathan Geraldi
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alejandra Ortega
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura Gajdzik
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darren J Coker
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Katan
- Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran 3131, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tyas Hikmawan
- Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran 3131, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Saleem
- The General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alamer
- The General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection, The Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia
| | - Burton H Jones
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Pearman
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand
| | - Susana Carvalho
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Qamar Z, Rashid M, Pasha T, Malik M, Saleem A, Raza M, Rehman H, Yousaf M. Carryover effects of varying hay concentration on the transition to silage-based feeding of weaned dairy calves. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v49i6.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives of the experiment were to determine effects of dietary hay concentration in a dry total mixed ration and its carryover effects on intake, growth performance, faecal score, and feed efficiency of weaned dairy calves. Eighteen Friesian × Jersey weaned calves (n = 6 calves/treatment) were randomly assigned to three rhodes grass hay treatments (RG13, RG26, and RG39). The experimental diets were rhodes grass hay-based total mixed rations containing 13%, 26%, and 39% chopped hay on a DM basis. The experiment had two phases of four weeks each. In phase 1 (weeks 1–4), weaned calves were fed RG13, RG26, or RG39. Then, in phase 2 (weeks 5–8), all calves were shifted to a maize silage-based diet. All the diets were iso-nitrogenous and were fed ad libitum. Calves were housed in individual pens and had free access to water and feed. Average daily gain and daily dry matter intake were analysed as repeated measures, whereas bodyweight and feed efficiency were analysed using one-way ANOVA. In phases 1 and 2 dry matter intakes were similar. Growth rate decreased linearly with increasing concentration of hay in phase 1. Overall, daily dry matter intake, average daily gain, change in body condition score and structural measurements were not affected by dietary treatments. However, overall feed efficiency was improved for calves fed RG26 compared with RG13 and RG39. Thus, feeding a moderate level of hay had positive impacts on the transition to a silage-based TMR.
Keywords: dietary transition, total mixed ration, intake, growth, feed efficiency, body condition score, faecal score
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11
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Ayaz M, Ali F, Saeed A, Abbas N, Khan M, Shabir G, Saleem A, Raza Kazmi SA, Khanzada. Synthesis and Serviceability of New Symmetric Bis-pyrazolone Metal Complex Acid Dyes. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219120272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Hu KX, Awange JL, Kuhn M, Saleem A. Spatio-temporal groundwater variations associated with climatic and anthropogenic impacts in South-West Western Australia. Sci Total Environ 2019; 696:133599. [PMID: 31461690 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
South-West Western Australia (SWWA) is a critical agricultural region that heavily relies on groundwater for domestic, agricultural and industrial use. However, the behaviours of groundwater associated with climate variability/change and anthropogenic impacts within this region are not well understood. This study investigates the spatio-temporal variability of groundwater in SWWA based on 2997 boreholes over the past 36 years (1980-2015). Results identify the decline in groundwater level (13 mm/month) located in the central coastal region of SWWA (i.e., north and south of Perth) to be caused by anthropogenic impacts (primary factor) and climate variability/change (secondary). In detail, anthropogenic impacts are mainly attributed to substantial groundwater abstraction, e.g., hotspots (identified by above 7 m/month groundwater level change) mostly occur in the central coastal region, as well as close to dams and mines. Impacts of climate variability/change indicate that coupled ENSO and positive IOD cause low-level rainfall in the coastal regions, subsequently, affecting groundwater recharge. In addition, correlation between groundwater and rainfall is significant at 0.748 over entire SWWA (at 95% confidence level). However, groundwater in northeastern mountainous regions hardly changes with rainfall because of very small amounts of rainfall (average 20-30 mm/month) in this region, potentially coupled with terrain and geological impacts. A marked division for groundwater bounded by the Darling and Gingin Scarps is found. This is likely due to the effects of the Darling fault, dams, central mountainous terrain and geology. For the region south of Perth and southern coastal regions, a hypothesis through multi-year analysis is postulated that rainfall of at least 60 and 65-70 mm/month, respectively, are required during the March-October rainfall period to recharge groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- K X Hu
- School of Earth and Planetary, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - J L Awange
- School of Earth and Planetary, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Geodetic Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Strasse 7, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Kuhn
- School of Earth and Planetary, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - A Saleem
- School of Earth and Planetary, Spatial Science Discipline, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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13
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Racine M, Saleem A, Pick FR. Metabolome Variation between Strains of Microcystis aeruginosa by Untargeted Mass Spectrometry. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E723. [PMID: 31835794 PMCID: PMC6950387 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11120723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are notorious for their potential to produce hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs), but other bioactive compounds synthesized in the cells could be as toxic, and thus present interest for characterization. Ultra performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) combined with untargeted analysis was used to compare the metabolomes of five different strains of the common bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa. Even in microcystin-producing strains, other classes of oligopeptides including cyanopeptolins, aeruginosins, and aerucyclamides, were often the more dominant compounds. The distinct and large variation between strains of the same widespread species highlights the need to characterize the metabolome of a larger number of cyanobacteria, especially as several metabolites other than microcystins can affect ecological and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Racine
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.S.); (F.R.P.)
- Current address: Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.S.); (F.R.P.)
| | - Frances R. Pick
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.S.); (F.R.P.)
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14
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Saleem A, Bell MA, Kimpe LE, Korosi JB, Arnason JT, Blais JM. Identifying novel treeline biomarkers in lake sediments using an untargeted screening approach. Sci Total Environ 2019; 694:133684. [PMID: 31398651 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Paleolimnology uses sedimentary biomarkers as proxies to reconstruct long-term changes in environmental conditions from lake sediment cores. This work describes an untargeted metabolomics-based approach and uniquely applies it to the field of paleolimnology to identify novel sediment biomarkers to track long-term patterns in treeline dynamics. We identified new potential biomarkers across the Canadian northern Arctic, non-alpine, treeline using high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry, and pattern recognition analysis. This method was applied to 120 sediment core extracts from 14 boreal, 25 forest-tundra, and 21 tundra lakes to assess long-term fluctuations in treeline position. High resolution accurate mass spectrometry resolved many compounds from complex mixtures with low mass accuracy errors. This generated a large dataset that required metabolomics styled statistical analyses to identify potential biomarkers. In total, 29 potential biomarkers discriminated between boreal and tundra lakes. Tetrapyrrole-type phorbides and squalene derivatives dominated in boreal regions, while biohopane-type lipids were in the tundra regions. Tetrapyrroles were in both surface and subsurface sediments of boreal lakes indicating these compounds can survive long-term burial in sediments. At the ecozone level, tetrapyrroles were more abundant in boreal Taiga Shield, and Taiga Plains. Boreal plant extracts belonging to Pinaceae and Ericaceae also contained tetrapyrroles. Squalene derivatives demonstrated long-term preservation, but wider distribution than tetrapyrroles. Hopanoids were present in tundra and forest-tundra lake regions, specifically the Low Arctic and Taiga Shield, and were absent in all boreal lake sediments. Herein, we describe a method that can systematically identify new paleolimnological biomarkers. Novel biomarkers would facilitate multi-proxy paleolimnological studies and potentially lead to more accurate paleoenvironmental reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Saleem
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Madison A Bell
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Linda E Kimpe
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jennifer B Korosi
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, Department of Geography, York University. Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - John T Arnason
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jules M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
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15
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Nair A, Saleem A, Selman G, Kerslake H, Breen R, Ho S, Mak S, Akande Y, Turville J, Rua T, Peacock J, Santis G, Razavi R. P1.11-15 Feasibility of a Lung Health Clinic for Early Lung Cancer Identification in High-Risk Individuals in South-East London. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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M. A, Abd El-Ati M, Abd Allah A, Saleem A. Impact of betaine as a feed additive on livestock performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality- a review. SVU-International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2019; 1:33-42. [DOI: 10.21608/svuijas.2019.67118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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17
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Awange JL, Saleem A, Sukhadiya RM, Ouma YO, Kexiang H. Physical dynamics of Lake Victoria over the past 34 years (1984-2018): Is the lake dying? Sci Total Environ 2019; 658:199-218. [PMID: 30580208 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding changes in the physical dynamics of lakes (e.g., areas and shorelines) is important to inform policies, planning and management during climate extremes (e.g., floods and droughts). For Lake Victoria, the world's second largest freshwater lake, its physical dynamics and associated changes are not well understood as evidenced, e.g., from the citations of its area 66,400 - 69,485 km2, length 300 - 412 km, width 240 - 355 km, and shorelines 3300 - 4828 km. Its sheer size and lack of research resources commitment by regional governments hamper observations. This contribution employs a suite of remotely sensed products for the past 34 years (1984-2018); Landsat, Sentinel-2, MODIS, Google Earth Pro, CHIRPS, Multivariate El' Niño-Southern Oscillation Index and altimetry data together with the physical parameters from 37 publications (1969-2018) to (i) study the lake's dynamics and establish its current (2018) state, (ii) identify and analyse hotspots where significantly dynamic changes occur, and (iii), study the contributions of climate change and anthropogenic activities on these dynamics. Utilizing manual digitisation, MNDWI, NDVI and PCA methods, the study shows the lake's mean surface area to be 69,295 km2 (i.e., 812 km2 or 1.2% more than that of the 37 publications) and its 2018 value to be 69,216 km2 (i.e., ∼733 km2 (1.1%) more than that of the 37 publications). As to whether the lake is dying, it shrunk by 203 km2 (0.3%) compared to its 1984 value, a decrease noted mainly in four hotspot Gulfs (Birinzi 40%, Winam 20%, Emin Pasha 38% and Mwanza 55%). Correspondingly, the expansion of Nalubaale Dam (2002-2006) decreased the areas by 31%, 10%, 21% and 44%, respectively. Seasonal analysis shows an increase of 9 km2 in the lake's area during the heavy rainy season (March-May) while the ENSO enlarged the area by 0.23% (2007) and 0.45% (2010). It is evident, therefore, that both climate variability/change and anthropogenic activities are exerting a toll on the tropical's largest freshwater body thereby necessitating careful exploitation and management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Awange
- School of Earth and Planetary Sciences (Spatial Sciences Discipline), Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - A Saleem
- School of Earth and Planetary Sciences (Spatial Sciences Discipline), Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - R M Sukhadiya
- School of Earth and Planetary Sciences (Spatial Sciences Discipline), Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Y O Ouma
- School of Engineering, Moi University, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya
| | - H Kexiang
- School of Earth and Planetary Sciences (Spatial Sciences Discipline), Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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18
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Liu R, Carballo-Arce AF, Singh R, Saleem A, Rocha M, Mullally M, Otarola-Rojas M, Alvarrez LP, Sanchez-Vindas P, Garcia M, Baker J, Merali Z, Guerrero-Analco JA, Durst T, Harris C, Arnason J. A Selective Ion HPLC-APCI-MS Method for the Quantification of Pentacyclic Triterpenes in an Anxiolytic Botanical Dietary Supplement for the Animal Health Market. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1901400104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A new anti-anxiety dietary supplement was developed for the animal health market, by combining 2 triterpene containing botanicals, Souroubea sympetala (Marcgraviaceae) with Platanus occidentalis (Platanaceae) A validated method for a quality control of the botanical blend was achieved using HPLC-APCI-MS. The method resulted in the detection and quantitative determination of betulinic acid (1), and ursolic acid (2) in P. occidentalis and 1, 2, lupeol (3), β-amyrin (4) and α-amyrin (5) in S. sympetala and the finished product ZentrolTM. Detections were at low ng on column for 1 and 2 and in low μg range for 3, 4 and 5 using calibration curves within 10-100 ng (R2 > 0.993). Recovery of spiked samples for all the recoveries observed were > 94%. Inter-day and intra-day variations were 0.8-3.5% and 5-10.4%, respectively. These results indicate the suitability of the developed analytical method to detect and quantify triterpenes of raw materials used in the manufacture of natural health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Ana-Francis Carballo-Arce
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
- Escuela de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Costa Rica, Heredia 3000, Costa Rica
| | - Ranpreet Singh
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Rocha
- Department of Biology, Universidad Federal, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Martha Mullally
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Otarola-Rojas
- Herbario JVR, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Costa Rica, Heredia, 3000 Costa Rica
| | - Luis Poveda Alvarrez
- Herbario JVR, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Costa Rica, Heredia, 3000 Costa Rica
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Vindas
- Herbario JVR, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Costa Rica, Heredia, 3000 Costa Rica
| | - Mario Garcia
- Herbario JVR, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Costa Rica, Heredia, 3000 Costa Rica
| | - John Baker
- Stonehedge Bioproducts, Sterling ON, Canada
| | - Zul Merali
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Z 6K4
| | | | - Tony Durst
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Cory Harris
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - John Arnason
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
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19
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Ran T, Shen Y, Gomaa W, Saleem A, Yang W, McAllister T. PSXIV-38 Feeding natural probiotic products improved growth performance and health of growing beef steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Ran
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha, Hunan 410125,China, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Y Shen
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre/Yangzhou University,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - W Gomaa
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Assiut University,Asyut, Eqypt
| | - A Saleem
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre; Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523,Egypt, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - W Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - T McAllister
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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20
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McAllister T, Saleem A, Ribeiro G, Yang W, Ran T, Beauchemin K, McGeough E, Ominski K, Okine E. 102 Effect of engineered biocarbon on rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and methane production in an artificial rumen (RUSITEC) fed a high forage diet. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T McAllister
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - A Saleem
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre; Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523,Egypt, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - G Ribeiro
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - W Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - T Ran
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - K Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - E McGeough
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - K Ominski
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - E Okine
- University of Lethbridge,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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21
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Ran T, Shen Y, Saleem A, Chen L, AlZahal O, Beauchemin K, Yang W. 69 Effects of supplementing ruminally protected and non-protected active dried yeast on growth performance and carcass traits in finishing beef steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Ran
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha, Hunan 410125,China, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Y Shen
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre/Yangzhou University,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - A Saleem
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre; Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - L Chen
- University of Alberta,Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - K Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - W Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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22
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Shen Y, Wang H, Ran T, Yoon I, Saleem A, Yang W. 360 Feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product affected rumen pH and fermentation, and site of digestion in finishing beef heifers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Shen
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre/Yangzhou University,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - H Wang
- Yangzhou University,Yangzhou, China
| | - T Ran
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | | | - A Saleem
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre; Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - W Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Ran T, Shen Y, Saleem A, Ametaj B, AlZahal O, Beauchemin K, Yang W. WPSIII-4 Supplementation of high-grain diet with ADY either as-is or encapsulated reduces fecal E. coli counts of finishing beef steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Ran
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China,Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Y Shen
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre/Yangzhou University,Lethbridge, AB,Canada
| | - A Saleem
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre; Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - B Ametaj
- University of Alberta,Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - O AlZahal
- AB Vista, UK, Marlborough, United Kingdom
| | - K Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - W Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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24
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Saleem A, Ribeiro G, Alipour D, Brand T, Santos L, Yang W, McAllister T. 65 Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on untreated or ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) - treated wheat straw on in vitro semi-continuous culture fermentation using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Saleem
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre; Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - G Ribeiro
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - D Alipour
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - T Brand
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - L Santos
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - W Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - T McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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25
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Ferrier J, Saleem A, Carter Ramirez A, Liu R, Chen E, Pesek T, Cal V, Balick M, Arnason JT. Traditional medicines used by Q'eqchi' Maya to treat diabetic symptoms and their antiglycation potential. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 224:504-511. [PMID: 29936054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Because of the recent increase in type 2 diabetes and the need for complementary treatments in remote communities in many parts of the world, we undertook a study of treatments for diabetic symptoms used by traditional Q'eqchi' Maya healers of Belize. We used quantitative ethnobotany to rank culturally important taxa and subsequent pharmacological and phytochemical studies to assess bioactivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antidiabetic plants identified in field interviews with traditional healers were ranked by syndromic importance value (SIV) based on 15 symptoms of diabetes. Species ranked with high SIV were tested in an assay relevant to many diabetes complications, the advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) inhibition assay. Active principles were identified by phytochemical analysis and bioassay. RESULTS We collected over 70 plant species having a promising SIV score. The plants represented a broad range of neotropical taxa. Selected Q'eqchi' antidiabetic plants with high SIV were collected in bulk and tested in the advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) inhibition assay. All plant extracts showed AGE inhibition and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranged from 40.8 to 733 µg/mL, while the most active species was Tynanthus guatemalensis Donn (Bignoniaceae). A linear regression showed a significant relationship between 1/ IC50 and SIV. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of verbascoside, as a major component and active principle of the T guatemalensis which had an IC50 = 5.1 µg/mL, comparable to the positive control quercetin. CONCLUSION The results reveal a rich botanical tradition of antidiabetic symptom treatments among the Q'eqchi'. Study of highly ranked plants revealed their activity in AGE inhibition correlated with SIV. T. guatemalensis was identified as a promising species for further evaluation and local use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ferrier
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5; New York Botanical Garden, Institute of Economic Botany, 200th Street and Kazimiroff Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10458, USA
| | - A Saleem
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins (LANSET), University of Ottawa, 20 Marie Curie PVT, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - A Carter Ramirez
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - R Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - E Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - T Pesek
- School of Health Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue-HS 101, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
| | - V Cal
- Belize Indigenous Training Institute, Punta Gorda, Toledo District, Belize
| | - M Balick
- New York Botanical Garden, Institute of Economic Botany, 200th Street and Kazimiroff Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10458, USA
| | - J T Arnason
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5.
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Samad N, Saleem A, Yasmin F, Shehzad MA. Quercetin protects against stress-induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior and improves memory in male mice. Physiol Res 2018; 67:795-808. [PMID: 30044120 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the protective role of Quercetin (Quer), against immobilization stress- induced anxiety, depression and cognition alteration in mice using behavioral and biochemical parameters. 24 adult Albino mice were distributed into 2 groups vehicle (n=12; 1 ml/kg) and Quer injected (n=12; 20 mg/kg/ml). The animals received their respective treatment for 14 days. On day 15, after the drug administration, animals were sub-divided into 4 groups (n=6); (i) unstressed + vehicle; (ii) stressed + vehicle; (iii) unstressed + Quer; (iv) stressed + Quer. On day 16, 24 h after the immobilization stress behavioral activities (light-dark activity, elevated plus maze, Morris water maze, and forced swim test) monitored and then animals were decapitated 1 h after the drug administration. Brain samples were collected for biochemical (antioxidant enzymes, AChE, ACh, 5-HT and its metabolite) analysis. The present study indicates the Quer reversed the stress-induced anxiety and depression, in addition, memory performance was more enhanced in stressed group. Following the treatment of Quer, stress-induced elevation of lipid peroxidation and suppression of antioxidant enzymes were also reversed. Administration of Quer decreased AChE in unstressed, while levels of acetylcholine were increased in vehicle and Quer treated stressed animals. The metabolism of 5-HT was increased in Quer treated stressed than unstressed animals. In conclusion, the present finding showed that Quer could prevent the impairment of antioxidant enzymes and also regulate the serotonergic and cholinergic neurotransmission and produce antianxiety, antidepressant effect and enhance memory following 2 h immobilization stress in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Hall B, Rapinski M, Saleem A, Foster B, Arnason JT, Currier A, Overy D, Haddad P, Harris CS. Mining Indigenous Knowledge and Modern Science Simultaneously: A Novel Approach for Linking Human Knowledge with Pharmacological, Toxicological and Phytochemical Data. Am J Transl Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1644907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Hall
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Rapinski
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Botanical Garden, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Saleem
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Foster
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - JT Arnason
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Currier
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Botanical Garden, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Overy
- Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Haddad
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - CS Harris
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Sanchez-Villavicencio ML, Elamer N, Joseph L, Saleem A, Hall B, Harris CS, Cuerrier A, Arnason JT, Haddad PS. Non-polar solvent fractions of Oplopanax horridus stimulate muscle glucose uptake and inhibit hepatocellular glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme activity. Am J Transl Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1644932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ML Sanchez-Villavicencio
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QUEBEC, Canada
| | - N Elamer
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QUEBEC, Canada
| | - L Joseph
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QUEBEC, Canada
| | - A Saleem
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Department of Biology, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Hall
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Department of Biology, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - CS Harris
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Department of Biology, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Cuerrier
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QUEBEC, Canada
| | - JT Arnason
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Department of Biology, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - PS Haddad
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines
- Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QUEBEC, Canada
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Sarma SN, Saleem A, Lee JY, Tokumoto M, Hwang GW, Man Chan H, Satoh M. Effects of long-term cadmium exposure on urinary metabolite profiles in mice. J Toxicol Sci 2018; 43:89-100. [PMID: 29479038 DOI: 10.2131/jts.43.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant with known toxic effects on the kidney. Urinary metabolomics is a promising approach to study mechanism by which Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of Cd toxicity and to develop specific biomarkers by identifying urinary metabolic changes after a long-term of Cd exposure and with the critical concentration of Cd in the kidney. Urine samples were collected from wild-type 129/Sv mice after 67 weeks of 300 ppm Cd exposure and analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography connected with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) based metabolomics approach. A total of 40 most differentiated metabolites (9 down-regulated and 31 up-regulated) between the control and Cd-exposed group were identified. The majority of the regulated metabolites are amino acids (glutamine, L-aspartic acid, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and D-proline) indicating that amino acid metabolism pathways are affected by long-term exposure of Cd. However, there are also some nucleotides (guanosine, guanosine monophosphate, cyclic AMP, uridine), amino acid derivatives (homoserine, N-acetyl-L-aspartate, N-acetylglutamine, acetyl-phenylalanine, carboxymethyllysine), and peptides. Results of pathway analysis showed that the arginine and proline metabolism, purine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were affected compared to the control. This study demonstrates that metabolomics is useful to elucidate the metabolic responses and biological effects induced by Cd-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jin-Yong Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Maki Tokumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Gi-Wook Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | | | - Masahiko Satoh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University
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Saleem A, Ebrahim MK. Production of amylase by fungi isolated from legume seeds collected in Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Taibah University for Science 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtusci.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Saleem
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, 30002 Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen K.H. Ebrahim
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, 30002 Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
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Li S, Pasquin S, Eid HM, Gauchat JF, Saleem A, Haddad PS. Anti-apoptotic potential of several antidiabetic medicinal plants of the eastern James Bay Cree pharmacopeia in cultured kidney cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:37. [PMID: 29378549 PMCID: PMC5789738 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Our team has identified 17 Boreal forest species from the traditional pharmacopeia of the Eastern James Bay Cree that presented promising in vitro and in vivo biological activities in the context of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We now screened the 17 plants extracts for potential anti-apoptotic activity in cultured kidney cells and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Methods MDCK (Madin-Darnby Canine Kidney) cell damage was induced by hypertonic medium (700 mOsm/L) in the presence or absence of maximal nontoxic concentrations of each of the 17 plant extracts. After 18 h’ treatment, cells were stained with Annexin V (AnnV) and Propidium iodide (PI) and subjected to flow cytometry to assess the cytoprotective (AnnV−/PI−) and anti-apoptotic (AnnV+/PI−) potential of the 17 plant extracts. We then selected a representative subset of species (most cytoprotective, moderately so or neutral) to measure the activity of caspases 3, 8 and 9. Results Gaultheria hispidula and Abies balsamea are amongst the most powerful cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic plants and appear to exert their modulatory effect primarily by inhibiting caspase 9 in the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway. Conclusion We conclude that several Cree antidiabetic plants exert anti-apoptotic activity that may be relevant in the context of diabetic nephropathy (DN) that affects a significant proportion of Cree diabetics.
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Rehman ZU, Kamran J, El-Hack MEA, Alagawany M, Bhatti SA, Ahmad G, Saleem A, Ullah Z, Yameen RMK, Ding C. Influence of low-protein and low-amino acid diets with different sources of protease on performance, carcasses and nitrogen retention of broiler chickens. Anim Prod Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an16687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A 42-day experiment was conducted with 625 1-day-old male Hubbard chickens to evaluate the performance, carcass traits, nitrogen retention and economics of broiler chickens fed low protein and amino acid diets supplemented with different protease sources. Treatments included positive (PC) and negative (NC) controls (PC at 19.3% protein vs NC at 18.8% protein), with NC containing 7% less digestible amino acids. The other three treatment groups were based on the NC diet supplemented with 0.05% Cibenza® DP100 (CB), 0.02% Ronozyme® (RZ) or 0.02% Winzyme pro plus (WZ). Birds fed the PC, CB and WZ diets achieved the heaviest bodyweight compared with those fed the NC diet at end of the experiment. Total feed intake of birds fed the PC diet was higher (P < 0.05) than that of birds fed the NC diet. Feed conversion ratio was numerically significantly (P = 0.005) improved with all tested groups in comparison with NC throughout the experiment. European production index was similar (P > 0.05) among birds fed the PC, NC, RZ or WZ diets. All carcass parameters studied, including dressing, heart, gizzard, giblets, chest meat, thigh meat and abdominal fat percentages, were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by feeding on the different sources of protease. Broilers fed the PC diet or diets formulated with all protease sources had higher (P < 0.05) nitrogen retention than did birds fed the NC diet. The supplementation of protease to low-protein and low-amino acid diets resulted in higher profit margin in broilers. It is concluded that supplementing exogenous protease to broiler diets containing low protein and amino acids improved the growth performance, feed utilisation, carcass traits, nitrogen retention and net returns of broiler chickens.
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Masic A, Liu R, Simkus K, Wilson J, Baker J, Sanchez P, Saleem A, Harris CC, Durst T, Arnason JT. Safety evaluation of a new anxiolytic product containing botanicals Souroubea spp. and Platanus spp. in dogs. Can J Vet Res 2018; 82:3-11. [PMID: 29382964 PMCID: PMC5764046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Separation anxiety and noise aversion are common behavioral problems in dogs. They elicit fear responses such as cowering, seeking out the owner, and attempting to escape. This can result in property damage, injury to the dog, and disruption of the owner-pet bond, possibly leading to pet abandonment or euthanasia. A novel botanical anxiolytic product was evaluated for safety in dogs as the target animal species. Its intended use is for the treatment and prevention of anxiety and noise aversion in dogs. It contains a defined mixture of Souroubea spp. vine and Platanus spp. bark, delivering the active principle, betulinic acid, at a recommended dose of 1 mg/kg body weight (BW). In the current target animal safety study, 16 healthy male beagle dogs were administered either a placebo or the newly formulated botanical tablets at 0.5×, 2.5×, or 5× the recommended dose (1 mg/kg BW) over 28 d. The dogs were monitored for occurrence of any systemic or local adverse events. In the investigation presented here, there were no clinically significant adverse effects following treatment, as determined by clinical observations, physical examinations, BW, hematology, clinical biochemistry, and urinalysis. Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated that the concentration of betulinic acid in serum was below 0.020 μg/mL in treated animals. Under the conditions of these studies, the formulated blend of S. sympetala and P. occidentalis, when administered up to 5× the intended dose for 28 consecutive d, showed no adverse effects on the health of dogs.
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Philion C, Ma D, Ruvinov I, Mansour F, Pignanelli C, Noel M, Saleem A, Arnason J, Rodrigues M, Singh I, Ropat J, Pandey S. Cymbopogon citratus and Camellia sinensis extracts selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells and reduce growth of lymphoma xenografts in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110756-110773. [PMID: 29340014 PMCID: PMC5762282 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are reported to have elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are highly dependent on cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. Numerous nutraceuticals and natural polyphenolic compounds have a wide range of abilities to alter cellular redox states with potential implications in various diseases. Furthermore, therapeutic options for cancers are mostly nonselective treatments including genotoxic or tubulin-targeting compounds. Some of the natural extracts, containing multiple bioactive compounds, could target multiple pathways in cancer cells to selectively induce cell death. Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) and Camellia sinensis (white tea) extracts have been shown to have medicinal properties, however, their activity against lymphoma and leukemia, as well as mechanistic details, have not been fully characterized. Herein, we report potent anti-cancer properties in dose and time-dependent manners of ethanolic lemongrass and hot water white tea extracts in lymphoma and leukemia models. Both extracts were able to effectively induce apoptosis selectively in these human cancer cell types. Interestingly, ethanolic lemongrass extract induces apoptosis primarily by the extrinsic pathway and was found to be dependent on the generation of ROS. Conversely, apoptotic induction by hot water white tea extract was independent of ROS. Furthermore, both of these extracts caused mitochondrial depolarization and decreased rates of oxygen consumption in lymphoma and leukemia cells, leading to cell death. Most importantly, both these extracts were effective in reducing tumor growth in human lymphoma xenograft models when administered orally. Thus, these natural extracts could have potential for being nontoxic alternatives for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Philion
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Dennis Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ivan Ruvinov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Fadi Mansour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Christopher Pignanelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Megan Noel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - John Arnason
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Mark Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Inderpal Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jesse Ropat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Siyaram Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
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Akhtar MF, Sharif A, Saleem M, Saleem A, Akhtar B, Raza M, Ijaz H, Shabbir M, Ali S, Sharif A, Nasim MB, Peerzada S. Genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of Alternanthera Bettzickiana, an important ethno-medicinal plant. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2017; 63:109-114. [DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.8.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yong Y, Saleem A, Guerrero-Analco JA, Haddad PS, Cuerrier A, Arnason JT, Harris CS, Johns T. Larix laricina bark, a traditional medicine used by the Cree of Eeyou Istchee: Antioxidant constituents and in vitro permeability across Caco-2 cell monolayers. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 194:651-657. [PMID: 27773798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Larix laricina, a native tree of North America, is a highly respected medicinal plant used for generations by Indigenous Peoples across its range, including the Cree of northern Québec who use the bark to treat symptoms of diabetes. This study investigates the antioxidant capacity and bioavailability of active constituents identified in L. laricina bark extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS (1) Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay was employed to test antioxidant capacity of organic extracts (80% ethanol) from bark of L. laricina as well as fractions, isolated compounds, and media samples collected during permeability assays. (2) Caco-2 cell monolayer cultures were used to determine the permeability of identified antioxidants, which were quantified in basolateral media samples using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). RESULTS Crude ethanolic extract possessed strong antioxidant potential in vitro (7.1±0.3 Trolox equivalents (TE) μM/mg). Among the 16 L. laricina fractions obtained by chromatographic separation, fraction 10 (F10) showed the highest antioxidant capacity (21.8±1.7µm TE/mg). Among other identified antioxidants, the stilbene rhaponticin (isolated from F10) was the most potent (24.6±1.1µm TE/mg). Caco-2 transport studies revealed that none of the identified compounds were detectable in basolateral samples after 2-h treatment with crude extract. In monolayers treated with F10 (60% rhaponticin), small quantities of rhaponticin were increasingly detected over time in basolateral samples with an apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of 1.86×10-8cm/s (0-60min). To model potential effects on blood redox status, we evaluated the antioxidant capacity of collected basolateral samples and observed enhanced activity over time after exposure to both extract and F10 (75μg/mL) relative to control. CONCLUSIONS By profiling the antioxidant constituents of L. laricina bark, we identified rhaponticin as the most potent oxygen radical scavenger and observed low permeability in Caco-2 cell monolayers but an increase in basolateral antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yong
- Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment, School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6C5
| | | | - Pierre S Haddad
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Postal Station, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Alain Cuerrier
- Jardin botanique de Montréal, Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada H1X 2B2
| | - John T Arnason
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6C5
| | - Cory S Harris
- Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment, School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6C5.
| | - Tim Johns
- Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment, School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9
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Bailie A, Renaut S, Ubalijoro E, Guerrero-Analco JA, Saleem A, Haddad P, Arnason JT, Johns T, Cuerrier A. Phytogeographic and genetic variation in Sorbus, a traditional antidiabetic medicine-adaptation in action in both a plant and a discipline. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2645. [PMID: 27833811 PMCID: PMC5101603 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mountain ash (Sorbus decora and S. americana) is used by the Cree Nation of the James Bay region of Quebec (Eeyou Istchee) as traditional medicine. Its potential as an antidiabetic medicine is thought to vary across its geographical range, yet little is known about the factors that affect its antioxidant capacity. Here, we examined metabolite gene expression in relation to antioxidant activity, linking phytochemistry and medicinal potential. Samples of leaf and bark from S. decora and S. americana were collected from 20 populations at four different latitudes. Two genes known to produce antidiabetic substances, flavonol synthase and squalene synthase, were analyzed using quantitative real time PCR. Gene expression was significantly higher for flavonol synthase compared to squalene synthase and increased in the most Northern latitude. Corresponding differences observed in the antioxidant capacity of ethanolic extracts from the bark of Sorbus spp. confirm that plants at higher latitudes increase production of stress-induced secondary metabolites and support Aboriginal perceptions of their higher medicinal potential. Modern genetic techniques such as quantitative real time PCR offer unprecedented resolution to substantiate and scrutinise Aboriginal medicinal plant perception. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights into how environmental stress can trigger an adaptive response resulting in the accumulation of secondary metabolites with human medicinal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bailie
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada; Jardin Botanique de Montréal, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sebastien Renaut
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Eliane Ubalijoro
- Institute for the Study of International Development, McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - José A Guerrero-Analco
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Pierre Haddad
- Département de Pharmacologie, University of Montreal , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - John T Arnason
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Timothy Johns
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada; School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Cuerrier
- Jardin Botanique de Montréal, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale , Montreal , QC , Canada
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Roma A, Ovadje P, Steckle M, Nicoletti L, Saleem A, Pandey S. Selective Induction of Apoptosis by Azadarichta indica Leaf Extract by Targeting Oxidative Vulnerabilities in Human Cancer Cells. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2016; 18:729-46. [PMID: 26626256 DOI: 10.18433/j3vg76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Natural products have been a great source of medications used in conventional medicines for the treatment of various diseases; more importantly, they have played a significant role in the development of anti-cancer drugs for a number of decades. The benefits to employing whole extracts of natural health products, rather than a single ingredient, for cancer treatment remains unexplored. Our research group has previously demonstrated the potential anti-cancer benefits of several natural health products (NHPs), prompting further studies into other NHPs, such as Neem (Azadarichta indica), a tree native to India and has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for over 4000 years. The objective of this study is to determine the possible anti-cancer potential of aqueous and ethanolic Neem leaf extracts (NLEs) and to identify the specific mode(s) of action. METHODS Cells were treated with NLE and cell viability was then assessed using a water-soluble tetrazolium salt. Cell death was confirmed using the fluorescent dye propidium iodide and apoptosis was identified using the Annexin-V binding assay. Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization was visualized using JC-1 staining and the production of whole cell and mitochondrial ROS was measured with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) and Amplex Red, respectively. In vivo efficacy of aqueous NLE was assessed in human tumour xenografts in CD-1 nu/nu immunocompromised mice. RESULTS Results indicate that both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Neem leaf were effective in inducing apoptosis in leukemia and colon cancer cells, following destabilization of the mitochondrial membrane. Furthermore, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in cancer cells treated with NLEs, indicating that oxidative stress may play a role in the mechanism of cell death. Additionally, in vivo results showed that aqueous NLE (delivered orally) was well tolerated and inhibited tumour growth of human xenografts in mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the potential of NLEs as safer and effective alternatives to conventional chemotherapy. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see "For Readers") may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue's contents page.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Roma
- University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON
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Saleem A, Liu R, Guerrero-Analco JA, Bailie A, Foster B, Cuerrier A, Johns T, Haddad PS, Arnason JT. An HPLC-ELSD Method for the Determination of Triterpenes in Sorbus decora and Sorbus americana Bark Used by the Eeyou Istchee Cree First Nation. Planta Med 2016; 82:1302-1307. [PMID: 27163231 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-105444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sorbus decora and Sorbus americana are used traditionally as medicine by the Eeyou Istchee Cree First Nation of the James Bay region of Quebec, Canada. Because the ethanol extracts of the bark and the isolated terpenes of these plants have shown promising in vivo antidiabetic effects, an analytical method was developed and validated by RP-HPLC-ELSD for the identification and quantification of eight lupane- and ursane-type terpenes. The extraction method reproducibly recovered the compounds above 70 % and the chromatographic separation of betulin, 23-hydroxy-betulin, 23,28-dihydroxylupan-20(29)-ene-3β-caffeate, betulinic acid, α-amyrin, uvaol, 3β,23,28-trihydroxy-12-ursene, and 23,28-dihydroxyursan-12-ene-3β-caffeate was achieved within 27 min by linear gradient. The method produced highly reproducible quantitative data at interday and intraday levels. The limits of detection were in the ng level on-column with remarkable range and linearity. The target compounds were present at mg levels in the populations, collected from inland (Mistissini and Nemaska) and costal (Waskagnish and Chisasibi) Cree communities of northern Quebec. A triterpene, 23-hydroxybetulin, was the most abundant, while betulinic acid and uvaol were minor constituents. Overall, HPLC-ELSD analyses produced very similar profiles and contents of the eight compounds in the plants collected from four geographic locations. The developed HPLC-ELSD method can be used as a targeted analysis of triterpenes in these medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Saleem
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rui Liu
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - José A Guerrero-Analco
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna Bailie
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Brian Foster
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Cuerrier
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Timothy Johns
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre S Haddad
- CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - John Thor Arnason
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Ali S, Hamiz-ul-Fawwad S, Al-Ibran E, Ahmed G, Saleem A, Mustafa D, Hussain M. Clinical and demographic features of burn injuries in karachi: a six-year experience at the burns centre, civil hospital, Karachi. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2016; 29:4-9. [PMID: 27857643 PMCID: PMC5108226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Burn injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with 195,000 deaths annually. This study was conducted to identify the demographics of burn victims and the effect of different variables on the outcome of their injuries. 4016 patients admitted to the Burns Centre, Civil Hospital Karachi from January 2006 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographics, burn injury details and their outcome were recorded in a pre-designed questionnaire. Injuries were categorized as: fire, chemical, scald or electrical. To estimate total body surface area (TBSA) burned in adults, the rule of nines was used. For children and infants, the Lund-Browder chart was employed. SPSS v16.0 software was used for analysis. Frequencies and percentages of all variables, and the measure of central tendencies and dispersion for continuous variables were calculated. Cross tabs were used to assess mortality. Mean age was 28.13 years. More than half of the cases (n=2337, 58.2%) were aged between 16-30 years. Labourers, housewives and students were the most commonly affected groups. Burn injuries by flame/fire and electricity were most common. Most cases were accidental, followed by suicide attempts and homicides. Mean percentage of TBSA affected was 35.49%. Mean duration of hospital stay was 16.45 days. 50.6% of the expired cases were females. The mean age of expired patients was 30.07 while for patients who survived it was 27.01 years. The outcome of burn injuries is related to various demographic factors. Female gender, increasing age, burn injuries following suicide attempts and greater surface area involvement predict poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.A. Ali
- Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - E. Al-Ibran
- Burns Unit, Civil Hospital and Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - G. Ahmed
- Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. Hussain
- Department of Biostatistics and Research, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Eid HM, Ouchfoun M, Saleem A, Guerrero-Analco JA, Walshe-Roussel B, Musallam L, Rapinski M, Cuerrier A, Martineau LC, Arnason JT, Haddad PS. A combination of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin underlies the in vitro adipogenic action of Labrador tea (Rhododendron groenlandicum), an antidiabetic medicinal plant of the Eastern James Bay Cree pharmacopeia. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 178:251-257. [PMID: 26707751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) Kron & Judd (Labrador tea) was identified as an antidiabetic plant through an ethnobotanical study carried out with the close collaboration of Cree nations of northern Quebec in Canada. OBJECTIVES In a previous study the plant showed glitazone-like activity in a 3T3-L1 adipogenesis bioassay. The current study sought to identify the active compounds responsible for this potential antidiabetic activity using bioassay guided fractionation based upon an in vitro assay that measures the increase of triglycerides content in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolation and identification of the crude extract's active constituents was carried out. The 80% ethanol extract was fractionated using silica gel column chromatography. Preparative HPLC was then used to isolate the constituents. The identity of the isolated compounds was confirmed by UV and mass spectrometry. RESULTS Nine chemically distinct fractions were obtained and the adipogenic activity was found in fraction 5 (RGE-5). Quercetins, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were detected and isolated from this fraction. While (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin stimulated adipogenesis (238±26% and 187±21% relative to vehicle control respectively) at concentrations equivalent to their concentrations in the active fraction RGE-5, none afforded biological activity similar to RGE-5 or the plant's crude extract when used alone. When cells were incubated with a mixture of the two compounds, the adipogenic activity was close to that of the crude extract (280.7±27.8 vs 311± 30%). CONCLUSION Results demonstrate that the mixture of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin is responsible for the adipogenic activity of Labrador tea. This brings further evidence for the antidiabetic potential of R. groenlandicum and provides new opportunities to profile active principles in biological fluids or in traditional preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda M Eid
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Beni-seuf, Beni-seuf, Egypt
| | - Meriem Ouchfoun
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jose A Guerrero-Analco
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada; Advanced Molecular Studies Department-Institute of Ecology A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Brendan Walshe-Roussel
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lina Musallam
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michel Rapinski
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada; Institut de recherche en biologie végétale et Jardin Botanique de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Cuerrier
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada; Institut de recherche en biologie végétale et Jardin Botanique de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis C Martineau
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - John T Arnason
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pierre S Haddad
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Canada.
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Ta CAK, Guerrero-Analco JA, Roberts E, Liu R, Mogg CD, Saleem A, Otárola-Rojas M, Poveda L, Sanchez-Vindas P, Cal V, Caal F, Subramaniam R, Smith ML, Arnason JT. Antifungal Saponins from the Maya Medicinal Plant Cestrum schlechtendahlii G. Don (Solanaceae). Phytother Res 2015; 30:439-46. [PMID: 26666462 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract (80% EtOH) of the leaves of Cestrum schlechtendahlii, a plant used by Q'eqchi' Maya healers for treatment of athlete's foot, resulted in the isolation and identification of two spirostanol saponins (1 and 2). Structure elucidation by MS, 1D-NMR, and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods identified them to be the known saponin (25R)-1β,2α-dihydroxy-5α-spirostan-3-β-yl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-galactopyranoside (1) and new saponin (25R)-1β,2α-dihydroxy-5α-spirostan-3-β-yl-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (2). While 2 showed little or no antifungal activity at the highest concentration tested, 1 inhibited growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 15-25 μM), Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Fusarium graminearum (MIC of 132-198 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieu Anh Kim Ta
- Laboratory for Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins (LANSET), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - J Antonio Guerrero-Analco
- Laboratory for Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins (LANSET), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Carretera Antigua a Coatepec, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Roberts
- Laboratory for Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins (LANSET), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rui Liu
- Laboratory for Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins (LANSET), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Ammar Saleem
- Laboratory for Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins (LANSET), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marco Otárola-Rojas
- Herbario Juvenal Valerio Rodriguez, Universidad Nacional Autonoma (UNA), Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Luis Poveda
- Herbario Juvenal Valerio Rodriguez, Universidad Nacional Autonoma (UNA), Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Vindas
- Herbario Juvenal Valerio Rodriguez, Universidad Nacional Autonoma (UNA), Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Victor Cal
- Belize Indigenous Training Institute, Punta Gorda, Belize
| | - Federico Caal
- Belize Indigenous Training Institute, Punta Gorda, Belize
| | | | - Myron L Smith
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John T Arnason
- Laboratory for Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins (LANSET), Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Beaulieu F, Cuerrier A, Filion V, Saleem A, Arnason J. A gall mite,Aceria rhodiolae(Acari: Eriophyidae), altering the phytochemistry of a medicinal plant,Rhodiola rosea(Crassulaceae), in the Canadian Arctic. J NAT HIST 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Cieniak C, Walshe-Roussel B, Liu R, Muhammad A, Saleem A, Haddad PS, Cuerrier A, Foster BC, Arnason JT. Phytochemical Comparison of the Water and Ethanol Leaf Extracts of the Cree medicinal plant, Sarracenia purpurea L. (Sarraceniaceae). J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015; 18:484-93. [DOI: 10.18433/j35w27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The Cree of Eeyou Istchee in Northern Quebec identified Sarracenia purpurea L. as an important plant for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Traditionally the plant is used as a decoction (boiling water extract) of the leaf, however, in order to study the extract in a laboratory setting, an 80% ethanol extract was used. In this study, the phytochemistry of both extracts of the leaves was compared and quantified. Methods: Two S. purpurea leaf extracts were prepared, one a traditional hot water extract and the other an 80% ethanol extract. Using UPLC-ESI-MS, the extracts were phytochemically compared for 2 triterpenes, betulinic acid and ursolic acid, using one gradient method and for 10 additional substances, including the actives quercetin-3-O-galactoside and morroniside, using a different method. Results: The concentrations of the nine phenolic substances present, as well as an active principle, the iridoid glycoside morroniside, were very similar between the two extracts, with generally slightly higher concentrations of phenolics in the ethanol extract as expected. However, two triterpenes, betulinic acid and ursolic acid, were 107 and 93 times more concentrated, respectively, in the ethanol extract compared to the water extract. Conclusion: The main phytochemical markers and most importantly the antidiabetic active principles, quercetin-3-O-galactoside and morroniside, were present in similar amounts in the two extracts, which predicts similar bioactivity.This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
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Nachar A, Saleem A, Arnason JT, Haddad PS. Regulation of liver cell glucose homeostasis by dehydroabietic acid, abietic acid and squalene isolated from balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) a plant of the Eastern James Bay Cree traditional pharmacopeia. Phytochemistry 2015; 117:373-379. [PMID: 26164238 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., a plant used in Cree traditional medicine, had a strong effect on the regulation of glucose homeostasis in liver cells. This study aimed to isolate and identify its active constituents using a bioassay-guided fractionation approach as well as to elucidate their mechanism(s) of action. The effect of the crude extract and its constituents was evaluated on the activity of Glucose-6-Phosphatase (G6Pase) and Glycogen Synthase (GS) and phosphorylation of three kinases, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3). Three compounds, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid and squalene, were isolated from the most active fraction in the bioassays (hexane). The compounds were able to decrease the activity of G6Pase and to stimulate GS. Their effect on G6Pase activity involved both Akt and AMPK phosphorylation with significant correlations between insulin-dependent and -independent pathways and the bioassay. In addition, the compounds were able to stimulate GS through GSK-3 phosphorylation with a significant correlation between the signaling pathway and the bioassay. Dehydroabietic acid stood out for its strongest effect in all the experiments close to that of the crude extract. These compounds may have potential applications in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Nachar
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Dept. of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Canada
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Canada; Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John T Arnason
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Canada; Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Pierre S Haddad
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Dept. of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Canada.
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Tam TW, Liu R, Saleem A, Arnason JT, Krantis A, Foster BC. Cytochrome P450 3A4 and 2D6-mediated metabolism of leisure and medicinal teas. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015; 17:294-301. [PMID: 25224344 DOI: 10.18433/j3902h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thirty-five commercially available Camellia sinensis (black and green) and herbal leisure teas and an assortment of Traditional Chinese medicinal teas were randomly selected and examined for their potential to inhibit the drug metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). The study was then extended to examine CYP2D6*1 and CYP2D6*10. METHODS Microtiter fluorometric assays were utilized to examine the potential for the teas to inhibit CYP-mediated metabolism. Aqueous or alcoholic extracts of the dried tea plant material were examined. METHODS Most of the black and green leisure teas generally inhibited CYP3A4 more than the Chinese medicinal teas. The medicinal Chinese teas were generally more inhibitory towards CYP3A4 compared to the CYP2D6 isozymes, and the aqueous extracts displayed more potency than the alcoholic extracts. CONCLUSIONS Tea whether used for leisure or medicinal purposes has the potential to inhibit CYP3A4-mediated drug metabolism particularly black tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa W Tam
- 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 2 Centre for Research in Biopharmaceuticals and Biotechnology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Alobaidan M, Saleem A, Abdo H, Simpson J. Successful percutaneous closure of spiral atrial septal defect. Echo Res Pract 2015; 2:K7-9. [PMID: 26693326 PMCID: PMC4676431 DOI: 10.1530/erp-14-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The case report of a 15-year-old patient with an unusual form of atrial septal defect is described. Echocardiography showed separation of the secundum and primum atrial septums due to abnormal posterior and leftward attachment of the primum septum into the roof of the left atrium. The morphology has been variably described as a 'double' atrial septum or 'spiral' atrial septal defect. Despite the technical challenge of this form of atrial septal defect, it was effectively closed by ensuring that all relevant septal structures were incorporated between the discs of the occlusion device. This was associated with a stable position and good medium-term outcome. This contrasts with the experience of others where device embolisation or technical failure has been described. LEARNING POINTS The spiral atrial septal defect is characterised by an apparently 'double' atrial septum.Such atrial septal defects (ASDs) have been associated with a high rate of technical failure of transcatheter closure.3D echocardiography assists in understanding the anatomy of the defect.Following deployment of the ASD occlusion device transoesophageal echocardiography is essential to ensure that both septum primum and secundum are between the occluder discs.Catheter closure can be successful if close attention is paid to the morphology of the defect and incorporation of margins within the discs of the septal occluder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashail Alobaidan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Armed Forces Hospital , Abubaker Alrazi Street, Sulaimania District, Riyadh, 11199 , Saudi Arabia
| | - A Saleem
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Armed Forces Hospital , Abubaker Alrazi Street, Sulaimania District, Riyadh, 11199 , Saudi Arabia
| | - H Abdo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Armed Forces Hospital , Abubaker Alrazi Street, Sulaimania District, Riyadh, 11199 , Saudi Arabia
| | - J Simpson
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital , Westminster Bridge Road, London , UK
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Ahmed M, Ali A, Mahmud T, Qadir MA, Nadeem K, Saleem A. Stability-indicating High-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of aminophylline and chlorpheniramine maleate in pharmaceutical formulations. Indian J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:515-21. [PMID: 26798164 PMCID: PMC4700702 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.169042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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d'Ancona G, Patel I, Saleem A, Royle F, Hodgkinson A, Burgess V, McKenzie C, Moxham J, Sethi T. P29 Impact Of Respiratory Virtual Clinics In Primary Care On Responsible Respiratory Prescribing And Inhaled Corticosteroid Withdrawal In Patients With Copd: A Feasibility Study. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wang Z, Zhao Z, Abou-Zaid MM, Arnason JT, Liu R, Walshe-Roussel B, Waye A, Liu S, Saleem A, Cáceres LA, Wei Q, Scott IM. Inhibition of insect glutathione S-transferase (GST) by conifer extracts. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2014; 87:234-249. [PMID: 25270601 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide synergists biochemically inhibit insect metabolic enzyme activity and are used both to increase the effectiveness of insecticides and as a diagnostic tool for resistance mechanisms. Considerable attention has been focused on identifying new synergists from phytochemicals with recognized biological activities, specifically enzyme inhibition. Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP.), balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), and tamarack larch (Larix laricina (Du Roi) Koch) have been used by native Canadians as traditional medicine, specifically for the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties based on enzyme inhibitory activity. To identify the potential allelochemicals with synergistic activity, ethanol crude extracts and methanol/water fractions were separated by Sephadex LH-20 chromatographic column and tested for in vitro glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibition activity using insecticide-resistant Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) midgut and fat-body homogenate. The fractions showing similar activity were combined and analyzed by ultra pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A lignan, (+)-lariciresinol 9'-p-coumarate, was identified from P. mariana cone extracts, and L. laricina and A. balsamea bark extracts. A flavonoid, taxifolin, was identified from P. mariana and P. banksiana cone extracts and L. laricina bark extracts. Both compounds inhibit GST activity with taxifolin showing greater activity compared to (+)-lariciresinol 9'-p-coumarate and the standard GST inhibitor, diethyl maleate. The results suggested that these compounds can be considered as potential new insecticide synergists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
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