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Velho TR, Pereira RM, Guerra NC, Ferreira R, Pedroso D, Neves-Costa A, Nobre Â, Moita LF. The impact of cardiopulmonary bypass time on the sequential organ failure assessment score after cardiac surgery. Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2024:ivae082. [PMID: 38684174 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivae082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postoperative organ dysfunction is common after cardiac surgery, particularly when cardiopulmonary bypass is used. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is validated to predict morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery. However, the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass duration on postoperative SOFA remains unclear. METHODS Retrospective study. Categorical values are presented as percentages. The comparison of SOFA groups utilized the Kruskal-Wallis chi-squared test, complemented by ad-hoc Dunn's test with Bonferroni correction. Multinomial logistics regressions were employed to evaluate the relationship between cardiopulmonary bypass time and SOFA. RESULTS 1032 patients were included. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was independently associated with higher postoperative SOFA scores at 24 h. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was significantly higher in patients with SOFA 4-5 (**P = 0.0022) or higher (***P < 0.001) when compared to SOFA 0-1. The percentage of patients with no/mild dysfunction decreased with longer periods of cardiopulmonary bypass, down to 0% for cardiopulmonary bypass time >180min (50% of the patients with >180min of cardiopulmonary bypass presented SOFA ≥ 10). The same trend is observed for each of the SOFA variables, with higher impact in the cardiovascular and renal systems. Severe dysfunction occurs especially >200min of cardiopulmonary bypass (cardiovascular system >100min; other systems mainly >200 min). CONCLUSIONS Cardiopulmonary bypass time may predict the probability of postoperative SOFA categories. Patients with extended cardiopulmonary bypass durations exhibited higher SOFA scores (overall and for each variable) at 24 h, with higher proportion of moderate and severe dysfunction with increasing times of cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago R Velho
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rafael Maniés Pereira
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
- Escola Superior Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Carvalho Guerra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferreira
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Neves-Costa
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Nobre
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Ferreira Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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2
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Oliveira R, Neves-Costa A, Pedroso D, Paixão T, Barros AB, Moita LF, Gil-Gouveia R. CLOCK gene circannual expression in cluster headache. Cephalalgia 2024; 44:3331024241247845. [PMID: 38676534 DOI: 10.1177/03331024241247845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cluster headache is a primary headache disorder characterized by bouts with circadian and circannual patterns. The CLOCK gene has a central role in regulating circadian rhythms. Here, we investigate the circannual CLOCK expression in a population of cluster headache patients in comparison to matched controls. METHODS Patients with cluster headache were sampled two to four times over at least one year, both in or outside bouts, one week after each solstice and equinox. The expression of CLOCK was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the peripheral blood. RESULTS This study included 50 patients and 58 matched controls. Among the patient population, composed of 42/50 males (84%) with an average age of 44.6 years, 45/50 (90%) suffered from episodic cluster headache. Two to four samples were collected from each patient adding up to 161 samples, 36 (22.3%) of which were collected within a bout. CLOCK expression for cluster headache patients was considerably different from that of the control population in winter (p-value mean = 0.006283), spring (p-value mean = 0.000006) and summer (p-value mean = 0.000064), but not in autumn (p-value mean = 0.262272). For each season transition, the variations in CLOCK expression were more pronounced in the control group than in the cluster headache population. No statistically significant differences were found between bout and non-bout samples. No individual factors (age, sex, circadian chronotype, smoking and coffee habits or history of migraine) were related to CLOCK expression. CONCLUSIONS We observed that CLOCK expression in cluster headache patients fluctuates less throughout the year than in the control population. Bout activity and lifestyle factors do not seem to influence CLOCK expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Oliveira
- Department of Neurosciences, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals, NHS, London, United Kingdom
- Hospital da Luz Headache Center, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Neves-Costa
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago Paixão
- Quantitative Biology and Digital Science Unit, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - André B Barros
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Luís F Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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3
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Pereira-Castro I, Garcia BC, Curinha A, Neves-Costa A, Conde-Sousa E, Moita LF, Moreira A. MCL1 alternative polyadenylation is essential for cell survival and mitochondria morphology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:164. [PMID: 35229202 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Alternative polyadenylation in the 3' UTR (3' UTR-APA) is a mode of gene expression regulation, fundamental for mRNA stability, translation and localization. In the immune system, it was shown that upon T cell activation, there is an increase in the relative expression of mRNA isoforms with short 3' UTRs resulting from 3' UTR-APA. However, the functional significance of 3' UTR-APA remains largely unknown. Here, we studied the physiological function of 3' UTR-APA in the regulation of Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1 (MCL1), an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family essential for T cell survival. We found that T cells produce two MCL1 mRNA isoforms (pA1 and pA2) by 3' UTR-APA. We show that upon T cell activation, there is an increase in both the shorter pA1 mRNA isoform and MCL1 protein levels. Moreover, the less efficiently translated pA2 isoform is downregulated by miR-17, which is also more expressed upon T cell activation. Therefore, by increasing the expression of the more efficiently translated pA1 mRNA isoform, which escapes regulation by miR-17, 3' UTR-APA fine tunes MCL1 protein levels, critical for activated T cells' survival. Furthermore, using CRISPR/Cas9-edited cells, we show that depletion of either pA1 or pA2 mRNA isoforms causes severe defects in mitochondria morphology, increases apoptosis and impacts cell proliferation. Collectively, our results show that MCL1 alternative polyadenylation has a key role in the regulation of MCL1 protein levels upon T cell activation and reveal an essential function for MCL1 3' UTR-APA in cell viability and mitochondria dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pereira-Castro
- Gene Regulation, i3S, Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Gene Regulation, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular E Celular, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Beatriz C Garcia
- Gene Regulation, i3S, Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Gene Regulation, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular E Celular, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Curinha
- Gene Regulation, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular E Celular, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Eduardo Conde-Sousa
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Moreira
- Gene Regulation, i3S, Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Gene Regulation, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular E Celular, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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4
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Chora AF, Pedroso D, Kyriakou E, Pejanovic N, Colaço H, Gozzelino R, Barros A, Willmann K, Velho T, Moita CF, Santos I, Pereira P, Carvalho S, Martins FB, Ferreira JA, de Almeida SF, Benes V, Anrather J, Weis S, Soares MP, Geerlof A, Neefjes J, Sattler M, Messias AC, Neves-Costa A, Moita LF. DNA damage independent inhibition of NF-κB transcription by anthracyclines. eLife 2022; 11:77443. [PMID: 36476511 PMCID: PMC9771368 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are among the most used and effective anticancer drugs. Their activity has been attributed to DNA double-strand breaks resulting from topoisomerase II poisoning and to eviction of histones from select sites in the genome. Here, we show that the extensively used anthracyclines Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, and Epirubicin decrease the transcription of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-dependent gene targets, but not interferon-responsive genes in primary mouse (Mus musculus) macrophages. Using an NMR-based structural approach, we demonstrate that anthracyclines disturb the complexes formed between the NF-κB subunit RelA and its DNA-binding sites. The anthracycline variants Aclarubicin, Doxorubicinone, and the newly developed Dimethyl-doxorubicin, which share anticancer properties with the other anthracyclines but do not induce DNA damage, also suppressed inflammation, thus uncoupling DNA damage from the effects on inflammation. These findings have implications for anticancer therapy and for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs with limited side effects for life-threatening conditions such as sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ferreira Chora
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Eleni Kyriakou
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany,Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Nadja Pejanovic
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Henrique Colaço
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | | | - André Barros
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Katharina Willmann
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Tiago Velho
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal,Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte - Hospital de Santa Maria, EPE, Avenida Professor Egas MonizLisbonPortugal
| | - Catarina F Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Isa Santos
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal,Serviço de Cirurgia, Centro Hospitalar de SetúbalSetúbalPortugal
| | - Pedro Pereira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Silvia Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Filipa Batalha Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - João A Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | | | | | - Josef Anrather
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Friedrich-Schiller UniversityJenaGermany,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller UniversityJenaGermany,Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI)JenaGermany
| | - Miguel P Soares
- Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, LUMCLeidenNetherlands
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany,Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Ana C Messias
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany,Bavarian NMR Centre, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Ana Neves-Costa
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Luis Ferreira Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal,Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
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5
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Sojli E, Soattin L, Patel S, Lo C, Kirshner SN, Oehmke TB, Kim J, Waiho K, Zhang J, Easun TL, Neves-Costa A, Adamowicz B, Jensen MM, Richter WE, Barbosa RL, Baeyens L, Cardinal BJ. Forging remote relationships. Science 2021; 372:24-26. [PMID: 33795443 DOI: 10.1126/science.abi4726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Sojli
- School of Banking and Finance, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Luca Soattin
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9WU, UK.
| | - Shaan Patel
- Vagelos Molecular Life Science Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Cody Lo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Samuel Nathan Kirshner
- School of Information Systems and Technology Management, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Theresa B Oehmke
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junwon Kim
- Vagelos Molecular Life Science Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Khor Waiho
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410075, China.
| | - Timothy L Easun
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | | | - Beth Adamowicz
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55401-2605, USA
| | - Mark Martin Jensen
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Wagner Eduardo Richter
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Renée Louane Barbosa
- Vagelos Molecular Life Science Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Laura Baeyens
- Vagelos Molecular Life Science Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Bradley J Cardinal
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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6
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Colaço HG, Barros A, Neves-Costa A, Seixas E, Pedroso D, Velho T, Willmann KL, Faisca P, Grabmann G, Yi HS, Shong M, Benes V, Weis S, Köcher T, Moita LF. Tetracycline Antibiotics Induce Host-Dependent Disease Tolerance to Infection. Immunity 2020; 54:53-67.e7. [PMID: 33058782 PMCID: PMC7840524 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Several classes of antibiotics have long been known to have beneficial effects that cannot be explained strictly on the basis of their capacity to control the infectious agent. Here, we report that tetracycline antibiotics, which target the mitoribosome, protected against sepsis without affecting the pathogen load. Mechanistically, we found that mitochondrial inhibition of protein synthesis perturbed the electron transport chain (ETC) decreasing tissue damage in the lung and increasing fatty acid oxidation and glucocorticoid sensitivity in the liver. Using a liver-specific partial and acute deletion of Crif1, a critical mitoribosomal component for protein synthesis, we found that mice were protected against sepsis, an observation that was phenocopied by the transient inhibition of complex I of the ETC by phenformin. Together, we demonstrate that mitoribosome-targeting antibiotics are beneficial beyond their antibacterial activity and that mitochondrial protein synthesis inhibition leading to ETC perturbation is a mechanism for the induction of disease tolerance. Doxycycline protects from sepsis beyond its direct antibacterial activity Doxycycline protection from infection is microbiome-independent Inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis induces disease tolerance Mild and transient perturbations of the mitochondrial ETC induce disease tolerance
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique G Colaço
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - André Barros
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Neves-Costa
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Elsa Seixas
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago Velho
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Katharina L Willmann
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Pedro Faisca
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Vladimir Benes
- EMBL Genomics Core Facilities, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luís F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
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7
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Amin A, Neves-Costa A, Pedroso D, Colaço H, Coelho I, Mahú I, Badenes M, Duarte N. Crosstalk between metabolism and immunity: the 3rd Annual Research Symposium of Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência. FEBS J 2020; 287:4602-4606. [PMID: 32500671 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 'Crosstalks of immunity and metabolism' Symposium was focused on how the intercommunication between different organs and the immune system affects organismal health. At this meeting, experts in immunology and metabolic research provided novel insights into the growing field of immunometabolism. This report attempts to review and integrate views, ideas, propositions, and conclusions that emanated from the symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dora Pedroso
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Inês Coelho
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Inês Mahú
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Nádia Duarte
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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8
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Santos I, Colaço HG, Neves-Costa A, Seixas E, Velho TR, Pedroso D, Barros A, Martins R, Carvalho N, Payen D, Weis S, Yi HS, Shong M, Moita LF. CXCL5-mediated recruitment of neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity of Gdf15-deficient mice protects against abdominal sepsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:12281-12287. [PMID: 32424099 PMCID: PMC7275717 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918508117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction condition caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection. Here we report that the circulating levels of growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) are strongly increased in septic shock patients and correlate with mortality. In mice, we find that peptidoglycan is a potent ligand that signals through the TLR2-Myd88 axis for the secretion of GDF15, and that Gdf15-deficient mice are protected against abdominal sepsis due to increased chemokine CXC ligand 5 (CXCL5)-mediated recruitment of neutrophils into the peritoneum, leading to better local bacterial control. Our results identify GDF15 as a potential target to improve sepsis treatment. Its inhibition should increase neutrophil recruitment to the site of infection and consequently lead to better pathogen control and clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Santos
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
- Serviço de Cirurgia Geral, Hospital de São Bernardo-Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal EPE, 2910-446 Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Henrique G Colaço
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Neves-Costa
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Elsa Seixas
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago R Velho
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - André Barros
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rui Martins
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Nuno Carvalho
- Serviço de Cirurgia Geral, Hospital Garcia de Orta, 2801-951 Almada, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Didier Payen
- INSERM, UMR 1160, Universite Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Universite-Sorbonne Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 35015 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 35015 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Luís F Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal;
- Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
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9
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Badenes M, Amin A, González-García I, Félix I, Burbridge E, Cavadas M, Ortega FJ, de Carvalho É, Faísca P, Carobbio S, Seixas E, Pedroso D, Neves-Costa A, Moita LF, Fernández-Real JM, Vidal-Puig A, Domingos A, López M, Adrain C. Deletion of iRhom2 protects against diet-induced obesity by increasing thermogenesis. Mol Metab 2019; 31:67-84. [PMID: 31918923 PMCID: PMC6909339 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity is the result of positive energy balance. It can be caused by excessive energy consumption but also by decreased energy dissipation, which occurs under several conditions including when the development or activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is impaired. Here we evaluated whether iRhom2, the essential cofactor for the Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) sheddase ADAM17/TACE, plays a role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. Methods We challenged WT versus iRhom2 KO mice to positive energy balance by chronic exposure to a high fat diet and then compared their metabolic phenotypes. We also carried out ex vivo assays with primary and immortalized mouse brown adipocytes to establish the autonomy of the effect of loss of iRhom2 on thermogenesis and respiration. Results Deletion of iRhom2 protected mice from weight gain, dyslipidemia, adipose tissue inflammation, and hepatic steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity when challenged by a high fat diet. Crucially, the loss of iRhom2 promotes thermogenesis via BAT activation and beige adipocyte recruitment, enabling iRhom2 KO mice to dissipate excess energy more efficiently than WT animals. This effect on enhanced thermogenesis is cell-autonomous in brown adipocytes as iRhom2 KOs exhibit elevated UCP1 levels and increased mitochondrial proton leak. Conclusion Our data suggest that iRhom2 is a negative regulator of thermogenesis and plays a role in the control of adipose tissue homeostasis during metabolic disease. Deletion of iRhom2 protects mice from metabolic syndrome. In obesity, iRhom2 deletion increases energy expenditure, thermogenesis and white adipose tissue beiging. iRhom2 deletion enhances thermogenesis in naïve brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulbasit Amin
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ismael González-García
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Inês Félix
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20520, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Pedro Faísca
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Stefania Carobbio
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Elsa Seixas
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dora Pedroso
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Luís F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - António Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Domingos
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Obesity Lab, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Miguel López
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Colin Adrain
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, UK.
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10
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Moreira S, Rodrigues R, Barros AB, Pejanovic N, Neves-Costa A, Pedroso D, Pereira C, Fernandes D, Rodrigues JV, Barbara C, Moita LF. Changes in Expression of the CLOCK Gene in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients Are Not Reverted by Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:187. [PMID: 29164122 PMCID: PMC5681745 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease are strongly associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), which causes substantial changes to normal circadian physiological functions, including metabolic pathways. Because core clock genes are known to be modulated by sleep/vigilance cycles, we asked whether the expression level of mRNA coding for clock genes is altered in non-treated OSAS patients and if it can be corrected by standard continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Methods Peripheral blood was collected from male patients diagnosed with severe OSAS (apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 30/h) before and after treatment initiation. qPCR was used to measure mRNA levels of genes associated with the central circadian pacemaker including CLOCK, BMAL1, Cry1, Cry2, and three Period genes (Per 1, 2, 3) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results We found statistically significant differences for CLOCK (p-value = 0.022) expression in PBMCs of OSAS patients which were not reverted by treatment with CPAP. We have also found a substantial decrease in the slow wave sleep (SWS) content in OSAS patients (p-value < 0.001) that, contrary to REM sleep, was not corrected by CPAP (p-value = 0.875). Conclusion CPAP treatment does not correct substantial changes in expression of core clock genes in OSAS patients. Because CPAP treatment is also unable to normalize the SWS in these patients, it is likely that additional therapeutic interventions that increase SWS content and complement the benefits of CPAP are required to more effectively reduce the known increased cardiovascular risk associated with OSAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Moreira
- Departamento de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Raquel Rodrigues
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Nadja Pejanovic
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Dora Pedroso
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Pereira
- Departamento de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Dina Fernandes
- Departamento de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Cristina Barbara
- Departamento de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Neves-Costa A, Moita LF. Modulation of inflammation and disease tolerance by DNA damage response pathways. FEBS J 2016; 284:680-698. [PMID: 27686576 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The accurate replication and repair of DNA is central to organismal survival. This process is challenged by the many factors that can change genetic information such as replication errors and direct damage to the DNA molecule by chemical and physical agents. DNA damage can also result from microorganism invasion as an integral step of their life cycle or as collateral damage from host defense mechanisms against pathogens. Here we review the complex crosstalk of DNA damage response and immune response pathways that might be evolutionarily connected and argue that DNA damage response pathways can be explored therapeutically to induce disease tolerance through the activation of tissue damage control processes. Such approach may constitute the missing pillar in the treatment of critical illnesses caused by multiple organ failure, such as sepsis and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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12
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Figueiredo N, Chora A, Raquel H, Pejanovic N, Pereira P, Hartleben B, Neves-Costa A, Moita C, Pedroso D, Pinto A, Marques S, Faridi H, Costa P, Gozzelino R, Zhao JL, Soares MP, Gama-Carvalho M, Martinez J, Zhang Q, Döring G, Grompe M, Simas JP, Huber TB, Baltimore D, Gupta V, Green DR, Ferreira JA, Moita LF. Anthracyclines induce DNA damage response-mediated protection against severe sepsis. Immunity 2013; 39:874-84. [PMID: 24184056 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Severe sepsis remains a poorly understood systemic inflammatory condition with high mortality rates and limited therapeutic options in addition to organ support measures. Here we show that the clinically approved group of anthracyclines acts therapeutically at a low dose regimen to confer robust protection against severe sepsis in mice. This salutary effect is strictly dependent on the activation of DNA damage response and autophagy pathways in the lung, as demonstrated by deletion of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (Atm) or the autophagy-related protein 7 (Atg7) specifically in this organ. The protective effect of anthracyclines occurs irrespectively of pathogen burden, conferring disease tolerance to severe sepsis. These findings demonstrate that DNA damage responses, including the ATM and Fanconi Anemia pathways, are important modulators of immune responses and might be exploited to confer protection to inflammation-driven conditions, including severe sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Figueiredo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Clínica Universitária de Cirurgia I, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Gulbenkian Programme for Advanced Medical Education, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisboa, Portugal
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13
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Cascão R, Vidal B, Raquel H, Neves-Costa A, Figueiredo N, Gupta V, Fonseca JE, Moita LF. Effective treatment of rat adjuvant-induced arthritis by celastrol. Autoimmun Rev 2012; 11:856-62. [PMID: 22415021 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported an increase in interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-17 levels, and a continuous activation of caspase-1 in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. These results suggest that drugs targeting IL-1β regulatory pathways, in addition to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), may constitute promising therapeutic agents in early RA. We have recently used a THP-1 macrophage-like cell line to screen 2320 compounds for those that down-regulate both IL-1β and TNF secretion. Celastrol was one of the most promising therapeutic candidates identified in that study. Our main goal in the present work was to investigate whether administration of celastrol is able to attenuate inflammation in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). Moreover, since IL-1β is known to play a role in the polarization of Th17 cells, we also investigate whether administration of digoxin, a specific inhibitor of Th17 cells polarization, is able to attenuate inflammation in the same rat model. We found that celastrol administration significantly suppressed joint inflammation. The histological and immunohistochemical evaluation revealed that celastrol-treated rats had a normal joint structure with complete abrogation of the inflammatory infiltrate and cellular proliferation. In contrast, we observed that digoxin administration significantly ameliorated inflammation but only if administrated in the early phase of disease course (after 4days of disease induction), and it was not efficient at inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells within the joint and in preventing damage. Thus, our results suggest that celastrol has significant anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties and can constitute a potential anti-inflammatory drug with therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as RA. Furthermore, we find that early inhibition of Th17 cells polarization ameliorates arthritis but it is not as effective as celastrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cascão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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14
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Cascão R, Polido-Pereira J, Canhão H, Rodrigues AM, Navalho M, Raquel H, Neves-Costa A, Mourão AF, Resende C, da Silva JAP, Fonseca JE, Moita LF. Caspase-1 is active since the early phase of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012; 30:144. [PMID: 22272579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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15
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Rowbotham SP, Barki L, Neves-Costa A, Santos F, Dean W, Hawkes N, Choudhary P, Will WR, Webster J, Oxley D, Green CM, Varga-Weisz P, Mermoud JE. Maintenance of silent chromatin through replication requires SWI/SNF-like chromatin remodeler SMARCAD1. Mol Cell 2011; 42:285-96. [PMID: 21549307 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2011.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic marks such as posttranslational histone modifications specify the functional states of underlying DNA sequences, though how they are maintained after their disruption during DNA replication remains a critical question. We identify the mammalian SWI/SNF-like protein SMARCAD1 as a key factor required for the re-establishment of repressive chromatin. The ATPase activity of SMARCAD1 is necessary for global deacetylation of histones H3/H4. In this way, SMARCAD1 promotes methylation of H3K9, the establishment of heterochromatin, and faithful chromosome segregation. SMARCAD1 associates with transcriptional repressors including KAP1, histone deacetylases HDAC1/2 and the histone methyltransferase G9a/GLP and modulates the interaction of HDAC1 and KAP1 with heterochromatin. SMARCAD1 directly interacts with PCNA, a central component of the replication machinery, and is recruited to sites of DNA replication. Our findings suggest that chromatin remodeling by SMARCAD1 ensures that silenced loci, such as pericentric heterochromatin, are correctly perpetuated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P Rowbotham
- Nuclear Dynamics and Function, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
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16
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Moura-Alves P, Neves-Costa A, Raquel H, Pacheco TR, D'Almeida B, Rodrigues R, Cadima-Couto I, Chora Â, Oliveira M, Gama-Carvalho M, Hacohen N, Moita LF. An shRNA-based screen of splicing regulators identifies SFRS3 as a negative regulator of IL-1β secretion. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19829. [PMID: 21611201 PMCID: PMC3096647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of diversity and plasticity of transcriptional programs are key components of effective vertebrate immune responses. The role of Alternative Splicing has been recognized, but it is underappreciated and poorly understood as a critical mechanism for the regulation and fine-tuning of physiological immune responses. Here we report the generation of loss-of-function phenotypes for a large collection of genes known or predicted to be involved in the splicing reaction and the identification of 19 novel regulators of IL-1β secretion in response to E. coli challenge of THP-1 cells. Twelve of these genes are required for IL-1β secretion, while seven are negative regulators of this process. Silencing of SFRS3 increased IL-1β secretion due to elevation of IL-1β and caspase-1 mRNA in addition to active caspase-1 levels. This study points to the relevance of splicing in the regulation of auto-inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Moura-Alves
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Neves-Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Raquel
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Raquel Pacheco
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruno D'Almeida
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raquel Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Iris Cadima-Couto
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Chora
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Oliveira
- Centro de Biodiversidade, Genómica Funcional e Integrativa (BioFIG), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gama-Carvalho
- Centro de Biodiversidade, Genómica Funcional e Integrativa (BioFIG), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Luis F. Moita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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17
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Neves-Costa A, Will WR, Vetter AT, Miller JR, Varga-Weisz P. The SNF2-family member Fun30 promotes gene silencing in heterochromatic loci. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8111. [PMID: 19956593 PMCID: PMC2780329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin regulates many key processes in the nucleus by controlling access to the underlying DNA. SNF2-like factors are ATP-driven enzymes that play key roles in the dynamics of chromatin by remodelling nucleosomes and other nucleoprotein complexes. Even simple eukaryotes such as yeast contain members of several subfamilies of SNF2-like factors. The FUN30/ETL1 subfamily of SNF2 remodellers is conserved from yeasts to humans, but is poorly characterized. We show that the deletion of FUN30 leads to sensitivity to the topoisomerase I poison camptothecin and to severe cell cycle progression defects when the Orc5 subunit is mutated. We demonstrate a role of FUN30 in promoting silencing in the heterochromatin-like mating type locus HMR, telomeres and the rDNA repeats. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that Fun30 binds at the boundary element of the silent HMR and within the silent HMR. Mapping of nucleosomes in vivo using micrococcal nuclease demonstrates that deletion of FUN30 leads to changes of the chromatin structure at the boundary element. A point mutation in the ATP-binding site abrogates the silencing function of Fun30 as well as its toxicity upon overexpression, indicating that the ATPase activity is essential for these roles of Fun30. We identify by amino acid sequence analysis a putative CUE motif as a feature of FUN30/ETL1 factors and show that this motif assists Fun30 activity. Our work suggests that Fun30 is directly involved in silencing by regulating the chromatin structure within or around silent loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Neves-Costa
- Chromatin and Gene Expression, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - W. Ryan Will
- Chromatin and Gene Expression, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anna T. Vetter
- Chromatin and Gene Expression, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J. Ross Miller
- Chromatin and Gene Expression, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Varga-Weisz
- Chromatin and Gene Expression, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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18
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Abstract
Dynamic changes of chromatin structure control DNA-dependent events, including DNA replication. Along with DNA, chromatin organization must be replicated to maintain genetic and epigenetic information through cell generations. Chromatin remodelling is important for several steps in replication: determination and activation of origins of replication, replication machinery progression, chromatin assembly and DNA repair. Histone chaperones such as the FACT complex assist DNA replication within chromatin, probably by facilitating both nucleosome disassembly and reassembly. ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling enzymes of the SWI/SNF family, in particular imitation switch (ISWI)-containing complexes, have been linked to DNA and chromatin replication. They are targeted to replication sites to facilitate DNA replication and subsequent chromatin assembly.
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