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Xu D, Vincent A, González-Gutiérrez A, Aleyakpo B, Anoar S, Giblin A, Atilano ML, Adams M, Shen D, Thoeng A, Tsintzas E, Maeland M, Isaacs AM, Sierralta J, Niccoli T. A monocarboxylate transporter rescues frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease models. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010893. [PMID: 37733679 PMCID: PMC10513295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Brains are highly metabolically active organs, consuming 20% of a person's energy at resting state. A decline in glucose metabolism is a common feature across a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Another common feature is the progressive accumulation of insoluble protein deposits, it's unclear if the two are linked. Glucose metabolism in the brain is highly coupled between neurons and glia, with glucose taken up by glia and metabolised to lactate, which is then shuttled via transporters to neurons, where it is converted back to pyruvate and fed into the TCA cycle for ATP production. Monocarboxylates are also involved in signalling, and play broad ranging roles in brain homeostasis and metabolic reprogramming. However, the role of monocarboxylates in dementia has not been tested. Here, we find that increasing pyruvate import in Drosophila neurons by over-expression of the transporter bumpel, leads to a rescue of lifespan and behavioural phenotypes in fly models of both frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The rescue is linked to a clearance of late stage autolysosomes, leading to degradation of toxic peptides associated with disease. We propose upregulation of pyruvate import into neurons as potentially a broad-scope therapeutic approach to increase neuronal autophagy, which could be beneficial for multiple dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Xu
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alec Vincent
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés González-Gutiérrez
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamin Aleyakpo
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharifah Anoar
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashling Giblin
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Cruciform Building, London, United Kingdom
| | - Magda L. Atilano
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Cruciform Building, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Adams
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dunxin Shen
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annora Thoeng
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elli Tsintzas
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Maeland
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian M. Isaacs
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Cruciform Building, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jimena Sierralta
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Yamada SB, Gendron TF, Niccoli T, Genuth NR, Grosely R, Shi Y, Glaria I, Kramer NJ, Nakayama L, Fang S, Dinger TJI, Thoeng A, Rocha G, Barna M, Puglisi JD, Partridge L, Ichida JK, Isaacs AM, Petrucelli L, Gitler AD. RPS25 is required for efficient RAN translation of C9orf72 and other neurodegenerative disease-associated nucleotide repeats. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:1383-1388. [PMID: 31358992 PMCID: PMC6713615 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Unconventional translation (RAN translation) of C9orf72 repeats generates dipeptide repeat proteins that can cause neurodegeneration. We performed a genetic screen for regulators of RAN translation and identified small ribosomal protein subunit 25 (RPS25), presenting a potential therapeutic target for C9orf72-related amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases caused by nucleotide repeat expansions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuka B Yamada
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tania F Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Naomi R Genuth
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rosslyn Grosely
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yingxiao Shi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Idoia Glaria
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Nicholas J Kramer
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Nakayama
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shirleen Fang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tai J I Dinger
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Annora Thoeng
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriel Rocha
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria Barna
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph D Puglisi
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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3
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Gao D, Pinello N, Nguyen TV, Thoeng A, Nagarajah R, Holst J, Rasko JEJ, Wong JJL. DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation regulate gene expression and alternative splicing during terminal granulopoiesis. Epigenomics 2019; 11:95-109. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine whether epigenetic modifications of DNA regulate gene expression and alternative splicing during terminal granulopoiesis. Materials & methods: Using whole genome bisulfite sequencing, reduced representation hydroxymethylation profiling and mRNA sequencing, we compare changes in DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, gene expression and alternative splicing in mouse promyelocytes and granulocytes. Results & conclusion: We show reduced DNA methylation at the promoters and enhancers of key granulopoiesis genes, indicating a regulatory role in the activation of lineage-specific genes during differentiation. Notably, increased DNA hydroxymethylation in exons is associated with preferential inclusion of specific exons in granulocytes. Overall, DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation changes at particular genomic loci may play specific roles in gene regulation or alternative splicing during terminal granulopoiesis. Data deposition: Whole genome bisulfite sequencing of mouse promyelocytes and granulocytes: Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE85517); mRNA sequencing of mouse promyelocytes and granulocytes: Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE48307); reduced representation 5-hydroxymethylation profiling of mouse promyelocytes and granulocytes: Bioproject (PRJNA495696).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadi Gao
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Bioinformatics Laboratory Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Natalia Pinello
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Gene Regulation in Cancer Laboratory Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Trung V Nguyen
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Gene Regulation in Cancer Laboratory Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Annora Thoeng
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rajini Nagarajah
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Origins of Cancer Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - John EJ Rasko
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Cell & Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Justin J-L Wong
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Gene Regulation in Cancer Laboratory Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
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4
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Moens TG, Mizielinska S, Niccoli T, Mitchell JS, Thoeng A, Ridler CE, Grönke S, Esser J, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Partridge L, Isaacs AM. Sense and antisense RNA are not toxic in Drosophila models of C9orf72-associated ALS/FTD. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:445-457. [PMID: 29380049 PMCID: PMC6385858 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Neurodegeneration may occur via transcription of the repeats into inherently toxic repetitive sense and antisense RNA species, or via repeat-associated non-ATG initiated translation (RANT) of sense and antisense RNA into toxic dipeptide repeat proteins. We have previously demonstrated that regular interspersion of repeat RNA with stop codons prevents RANT (RNA-only models), allowing us to study the role of repeat RNA in isolation. Here we have created novel RNA-only Drosophila models, including the first models of antisense repeat toxicity, and flies expressing extremely large repeats, within the range observed in patients. We generated flies expressing ~ 100 repeat sense or antisense RNA either as part of a processed polyadenylated transcript or intronic sequence. We additionally created Drosophila expressing > 1000 RNA-only repeats in the sense direction. When expressed in adult Drosophila neurons polyadenylated repeat RNA is largely cytoplasmic in localisation, whilst intronic repeat RNA forms intranuclear RNA foci, as does > 1000 repeat RNA, thus allowing us to investigate both nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA toxicity. We confirmed that these RNA foci are capable of sequestering endogenous Drosophila RNA-binding proteins, and that the production of dipeptide proteins (poly-glycine–proline, and poly-glycine–arginine) is suppressed in our models. We find that neither cytoplasmic nor nuclear sense or antisense RNA are toxic when expressed in adult Drosophila neurons, suggesting they have a limited role in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Moens
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sarah Mizielinska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 9RT, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jamie S Mitchell
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Annora Thoeng
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Charlotte E Ridler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Esser
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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5
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Niccoli T, Moens T, Thoeng A, Konrad M, Partridge L, Isaacs AM. [P3–150]: SCREENING FOR MODIFIERS OF C9ORF72 HEXANUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION TOXICITY IN DROSOPHILA. Alzheimers Dement 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Mizielinska S, Ridler CE, Balendra R, Thoeng A, Woodling NS, Grässer FA, Plagnol V, Lashley T, Partridge L, Isaacs AM. Bidirectional nucleolar dysfunction in C9orf72 frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:29. [PMID: 28420437 PMCID: PMC5395972 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An intronic GGGGCC expansion in C9orf72 is the most common known cause of both frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The repeat expansion leads to the generation of sense and antisense repeat RNA aggregates and dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins, generated by repeat-associated non-ATG translation. The arginine-rich DPR proteins poly(glycine-arginine or GR) and poly(proline-arginine or PR) are potently neurotoxic and can localise to the nucleolus when expressed in cells, resulting in enlarged nucleoli with disrupted functionality. Furthermore, GGGGCC repeat RNA can bind nucleolar proteins in vitro. However, the relevance of nucleolar stress is unclear, as the arginine-rich DPR proteins do not localise to the nucleolus in C9orf72-associated FTLD/ALS (C9FTLD/ALS) patient brain. We measured nucleolar size in C9FTLD frontal cortex neurons using a three-dimensional, volumetric approach. Intriguingly, we found that C9FTLD brain exhibited bidirectional nucleolar stress. C9FTLD neuronal nucleoli were significantly smaller than control neuronal nucleoli. However, within C9FTLD brains, neurons containing poly(GR) inclusions had significantly larger nucleolar volumes than neurons without poly(GR) inclusions. In addition, expression of poly(GR) in adult Drosophila neurons led to significantly enlarged nucleoli. A small but significant increase in nucleolar volume was also observed in C9FTLD frontal cortex neurons containing GGGGCC repeat-containing RNA foci. These data show that nucleolar abnormalities are a consistent feature of C9FTLD brain, but that diverse pathomechanisms are at play, involving both DPR protein and repeat RNA toxicity.
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7
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Marshall AD, Bailey CG, Champ K, Vellozzi M, O'Young P, Metierre C, Feng Y, Thoeng A, Richards AM, Schmitz U, Biro M, Jayasinghe R, Ding L, Anderson L, Mardis ER, Rasko JEJ. CTCF genetic alterations in endometrial carcinoma are pro-tumorigenic. Oncogene 2017; 36:4100-4110. [PMID: 28319062 PMCID: PMC5519450 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CTCF is a haploinsufficient tumour suppressor gene with diverse normal functions in genome structure and gene regulation. However the mechanism by which CTCF haploinsufficiency contributes to cancer development is not well understood. CTCF is frequently mutated in endometrial cancer. Here we show that most CTCF mutations effectively result in CTCF haploinsufficiency through nonsense-mediated decay of mutant transcripts, or loss-of-function missense mutation. Conversely, we identified a recurrent CTCF mutation K365T, which alters a DNA binding residue, and acts as a gain-of-function mutation enhancing cell survival. CTCF genetic deletion occurs predominantly in poor prognosis serous subtype tumours, and this genetic deletion is associated with poor overall survival. In addition, we have shown that CTCF haploinsufficiency also occurs in poor prognosis endometrial clear cell carcinomas and has some association with endometrial cancer relapse and metastasis. Using shRNA targeting CTCF to recapitulate CTCF haploinsufficiency, we have identified a novel role for CTCF in the regulation of cellular polarity of endometrial glandular epithelium. Overall, we have identified two novel pro-tumorigenic roles (promoting cell survival and altering cell polarity) for genetic alterations of CTCF in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Marshall
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C G Bailey
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Champ
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Vellozzi
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P O'Young
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Metierre
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Y Feng
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Thoeng
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A M Richards
- Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - U Schmitz
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Biro
- Cell Motility and Mechanobiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R Jayasinghe
- Cancer Genomics, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - L Ding
- Cancer Genomics, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - L Anderson
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - E R Mardis
- Cancer Genomics, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - J E J Rasko
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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8
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Marshall AD, van Geldermalsen M, Otte NJ, Anderson LA, Lum T, Vellozzi MA, Zhang BK, Thoeng A, Wang Q, Rasko JEJ, Holst J. LAT1 is a putative therapeutic target in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2529-39. [PMID: 27486861 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
l-type amino acid transporters (LAT1-4) are expressed in various cancer types and are involved in the uptake of essential amino acids such as leucine. Here we investigated the expression of LAT1-4 in endometrial adenocarcinoma and evaluated the contribution of LATs to endometrial cancer cell growth. Analysis of human gene expression data showed that all four LAT family members are expressed in endometrial adenocarcinomas. LAT1 was the most highly expressed, and showed a significant increase in both serous and endometrioid subtypes compared to normal endometrium. Endometrioid patients with the highest LAT1 levels exhibited the lowest disease-free survival. The pan-LAT inhibitor BCH led to a significant decrease in cell growth and spheroid area in four endometrial cancer cell lines tested in vitro. Knockdown of LAT1 by shRNA inhibited cell growth in HEC1A and Ishikawa cells, as well as inhibiting spheroid area in HEC1A cells. These data show that LAT1 plays an important role in regulating the uptake of essential amino acids such as leucine into endometrial cancer cells. Increased ability of BCH compared to LAT1 shRNA at inhibiting Ishikawa spheroid area suggests that other LAT family members may also contribute to cell growth. LAT1 inhibition may offer an effective therapeutic strategy in endometrial cancer patients whose tumours exhibit high LAT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy D Marshall
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle van Geldermalsen
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Otte
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lyndal A Anderson
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Trina Lum
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melissa A Vellozzi
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Blake K Zhang
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Annora Thoeng
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qian Wang
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John E J Rasko
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. .,Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
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9
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van Geldermalsen M, Wang Q, Nagarajah R, Marshall AD, Thoeng A, Gao D, Ritchie W, Feng Y, Bailey CG, Deng N, Harvey K, Beith JM, Selinger CI, O'Toole SA, Rasko JEJ, Holst J. ASCT2/SLC1A5 controls glutamine uptake and tumour growth in triple-negative basal-like breast cancer. Oncogene 2016; 35:3201-8. [PMID: 26455325 PMCID: PMC4914826 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alanine, serine, cysteine-preferring transporter 2 (ASCT2; SLC1A5) mediates uptake of glutamine, a conditionally essential amino acid in rapidly proliferating tumour cells. Uptake of glutamine and subsequent glutaminolysis is critical for activation of the mTORC1 nutrient-sensing pathway, which regulates cell growth and protein translation in cancer cells. This is of particular interest in breast cancer, as glutamine dependence is increased in high-risk breast cancer subtypes. Pharmacological inhibitors of ASCT2-mediated transport significantly reduced glutamine uptake in human breast cancer cell lines, leading to the suppression of mTORC1 signalling, cell growth and cell cycle progression. Notably, these effects were subtype-dependent, with ASCT2 transport critical only for triple-negative (TN) basal-like breast cancer cell growth compared with minimal effects in luminal breast cancer cells. Both stable and inducible shRNA-mediated ASCT2 knockdown confirmed that inhibiting ASCT2 function was sufficient to prevent cellular proliferation and induce rapid cell death in TN basal-like breast cancer cells, but not in luminal cells. Using a bioluminescent orthotopic xenograft mouse model, ASCT2 expression was then shown to be necessary for both successful engraftment and growth of HCC1806 TN breast cancer cells in vivo. Lower tumoral expression of ASCT2 conferred a significant survival advantage in xenografted mice. These responses remained intact in primary breast cancers, where gene expression analysis showed high expression of ASCT2 and glutamine metabolism-related genes, including GLUL and GLS, in a cohort of 90 TN breast cancer patients, as well as correlations with the transcriptional regulators, MYC and ATF4. This study provides preclinical evidence for the feasibility of novel therapies exploiting ASCT2 transporter activity in breast cancer, particularly in the high-risk basal-like subgroup of TN breast cancer where there is not only high expression of ASCT2, but also a marked reliance on its activity for sustained cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M van Geldermalsen
- Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Q Wang
- Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R Nagarajah
- Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A D Marshall
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Thoeng
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Gao
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - W Ritchie
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Y Feng
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C G Bailey
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N Deng
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Harvey
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J M Beith
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C I Selinger
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S A O'Toole
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J E J Rasko
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Holst
- Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Associate, Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Locked Bag 6, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia. E-mail:
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Wong JJL, Au AYM, Gao D, Pinello N, Kwok CT, Thoeng A, Lau KA, Gordon JEA, Schmitz U, Feng Y, Nguyen TV, Middleton R, Bailey CG, Holst J, Rasko JEJ, Ritchie W. RBM3 regulates temperature sensitive miR-142-5p and miR-143 (thermomiRs), which target immune genes and control fever. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:2888-97. [PMID: 26825461 PMCID: PMC4824108 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fever is commonly used to diagnose disease and is consistently associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients. However, the molecular controls of elevated body temperature are poorly understood. We discovered that the expression of RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3), known to respond to cold stress and to modulate microRNA (miRNA) expression, was reduced in 30 patients with fever, and in THP-1-derived macrophages maintained at a fever-like temperature (40°C). Notably, RBM3 expression is reduced during fever whether or not infection is demonstrable. Reduced RBM3 expression resulted in increased expression of RBM3-targeted temperature-sensitive miRNAs, we termed thermomiRs. ThermomiRs such as miR-142–5p and miR-143 in turn target endogenous pyrogens including IL-6, IL6ST, TLR2, PGE2 and TNF to complete a negative feedback mechanism, which may be crucial to prevent pathological hyperthermia. Using normal PBMCs that were exogenously exposed to fever-like temperature (40°C), we further demonstrate the trend by which decreased levels of RBM3 were associated with increased levels of miR-142–5p and miR-143 and vice versa over a 24 h time course. Collectively, our results indicate the existence of a negative feedback loop that regulates fever via reduced RBM3 levels and increased expression of miR-142–5p and miR-143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J-L Wong
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Amy Y M Au
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dadi Gao
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Bioinformatics Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Natalia Pinello
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chau-To Kwok
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Annora Thoeng
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katherine A Lau
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jane E A Gordon
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ulf Schmitz
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yue Feng
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Trung V Nguyen
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Robert Middleton
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Bioinformatics Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Charles G Bailey
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - John E J Rasko
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - William Ritchie
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Bioinformatics Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia CNRS, UMR 5203, Montpellier 34094, France
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van Geldermalsen M, Wang Q, Bailey C, Feng Y, Nagarajah R, Marshall A, Thoeng A, O'Toole S, Rasko J, Holst J. Targeting the ASCT2 glutamine uptake and metabolism pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv121.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Wong JJL, Ritchie W, Ebner OA, Selbach M, Wong JWH, Huang Y, Gao D, Pinello N, Gonzalez M, Baidya K, Thoeng A, Khoo TL, Bailey CG, Holst J, Rasko JEJ. Orchestrated intron retention regulates normal granulocyte differentiation. Cell 2013; 154:583-95. [PMID: 23911323 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intron retention (IR) is widely recognized as a consequence of mis-splicing that leads to failed excision of intronic sequences from pre-messenger RNAs. Our bioinformatic analyses of transcriptomic and proteomic data of normal white blood cell differentiation reveal IR as a physiological mechanism of gene expression control. IR regulates the expression of 86 functionally related genes, including those that determine the nuclear shape that is unique to granulocytes. Retention of introns in specific genes is associated with downregulation of splicing factors and higher GC content. IR, conserved between human and mouse, led to reduced mRNA and protein levels by triggering the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway. In contrast to the prevalent view that NMD is limited to mRNAs encoding aberrant proteins, our data establish that IR coupled with NMD is a conserved mechanism in normal granulopoiesis. Physiological IR may provide an energetically favorable level of dynamic gene expression control prior to sustained gene translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J-L Wong
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown 2050, Australia
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13
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Wang Q, Bailey CG, Ng C, Tiffen J, Thoeng A, Minnas V, Lehman ML, Hendy SC, Buchanan G, Nelson CC, Rasko JEJ, Holst J. Androgen receptor and nutrient signaling pathways coordinate increased amino acid transport in prostate cancer progression. BMC Proc 2012. [PMCID: PMC3374223 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-6-s3-p23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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14
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Wang Q, Bailey CG, Ng C, Tiffen J, Thoeng A, Minhas V, Lehman ML, Hendy SC, Buchanan G, Nelson CC, Rasko JEJ, Holst J. Androgen receptor and nutrient signaling pathways coordinate the demand for increased amino acid transport during prostate cancer progression. Cancer Res 2011; 71:7525-36. [PMID: 22007000 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
L-Type amino acid transporters such as LAT1 and LAT3 mediate the uptake of essential amino acids. Here, we report that prostate cancer cells coordinate the expression of LAT1 and LAT3 to maintain sufficient levels of leucine needed for mTORC1 signaling and cell growth. Inhibiting LAT function was sufficient to decrease cell growth and mTORC1 signaling in prostate cancer cells. These cells maintained levels of amino acid influx through androgen receptor-mediated regulation of LAT3 expression and ATF4 regulation of LAT1 expression after amino acid deprivation. These responses remained intact in primary prostate cancer, as indicated by high levels of LAT3 in primary disease, and by increased levels of LAT1 after hormone ablation and in metastatic lesions. Taken together, our results show how prostate cancer cells respond to demands for increased essential amino acids by coordinately activating amino acid transporter pathways vital for tumor outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Origins of Cancer Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
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Blair IP, Vance C, Durnall JC, Williams KL, Thoeng A, Shaw CE, Nicholson GA. CHMP2B mutations are not a common cause of familial or sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:849-50. [PMID: 18270236 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.140541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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