1
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Zhang P, Catterson JH, Grönke S, Partridge L. Inhibition of S6K lowers age-related inflammation and increases lifespan through the endolysosomal system. Nat Aging 2024; 4:491-509. [PMID: 38413780 PMCID: PMC11031405 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Suppression of target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) by rapamycin ameliorates aging in diverse species. S6 kinase (S6K) is an essential mediator, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. Here we show that activation of S6K specifically in Drosophila fat-body blocked extension of lifespan by rapamycin, induced accumulation of multilamellar lysosomes and blocked age-associated hyperactivation of the NF-κB-like immune deficiency (IMD) pathway, indicative of reduced inflammaging. Syntaxin 13 mediated the effects of TORC1-S6K signaling on lysosome morphology and inflammaging, suggesting they may be linked. Inflammaging depended on the IMD receptor regulatory isoform PGRP-LC, and repression of the IMD pathway from midlife extended lifespan. Age-related inflammaging was higher in females than in males and was not lowered in males by rapamycin treatment or lowered S6K. Rapamycin treatment also elevated Syntaxin 12/13 levels in mouse liver and prevented age-related increase in noncanonical NF-κB signaling, suggesting that the effect of TORC1 on inflammaging is conserved from flies to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingze Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - James H Catterson
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
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2
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Baghdadi M, Nespital T, Monzó C, Deelen J, Grönke S, Partridge L. Intermittent rapamycin feeding recapitulates some effects of continuous treatment while maintaining lifespan extension. Mol Metab 2024; 81:101902. [PMID: 38360109 PMCID: PMC10900781 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rapamycin, a powerful geroprotective drug, can have detrimental effects when administered chronically. We determined whether intermittent treatment of mice can reduce negative effects while maintaining benefits of chronic treatment. METHODS From 6 months of age, male and female C3B6F1 hybrid mice were either continuously fed with 42 mg/kg rapamycin, or intermittently fed by alternating weekly feeding of 42 mg/kg rapamycin food with weekly control feeding. Survival of these mice compared to control animals was measured. Furthermore, longitudinal phenotyping including metabolic (body composition, GTT, ITT, indirect calorimetry) and fitness phenotypes (treadmil, rotarod, electrocardiography and open field) was performed. Organ specific pathology was assessed at 24 months of age. RESULTS Chronic rapamycin treatment induced glucose intolerance, which was partially ameliorated by intermittent treatment. Chronic and intermittent rapamycin treatments increased lifespan equally in males, while in females chronic treatment resulted in slightly higher survival. The two treatments had equivalent effects on testicular degeneration, heart fibrosis and liver lipidosis. In males, the two treatment regimes led to a similar increase in motor coordination, heart rate and Q-T interval, and reduction in spleen weight, while in females, they equally reduced BAT inflammation and spleen weight and maintained heart rate and Q-T interval. However, other health parameters, including age related pathologies, were better prevented by continuous treatment. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent rapamycin treatment is effective in prolonging lifespan and reduces some side-effects of chronic treatment, but chronic treatment is more beneficial to healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarouf Baghdadi
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Nespital
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolina Monzó
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Spanish National Research Council, Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch, Paterna, Spain
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
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3
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Hahn O, Foltz AG, Atkins M, Kedir B, Moran-Losada P, Guldner IH, Munson C, Kern F, Pálovics R, Lu N, Zhang H, Kaur A, Hull J, Huguenard JR, Grönke S, Lehallier B, Partridge L, Keller A, Wyss-Coray T. Atlas of the aging mouse brain reveals white matter as vulnerable foci. Cell 2023; 186:4117-4133.e22. [PMID: 37591239 PMCID: PMC10528304 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the key risk factor for cognitive decline, yet the molecular changes underlying brain aging remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted spatiotemporal RNA sequencing of the mouse brain, profiling 1,076 samples from 15 regions across 7 ages and 2 rejuvenation interventions. Our analysis identified a brain-wide gene signature of aging in glial cells, which exhibited spatially defined changes in magnitude. By integrating spatial and single-nucleus transcriptomics, we found that glial aging was particularly accelerated in white matter compared with cortical regions, whereas specialized neuronal populations showed region-specific expression changes. Rejuvenation interventions, including young plasma injection and dietary restriction, exhibited distinct effects on gene expression in specific brain regions. Furthermore, we discovered differential gene expression patterns associated with three human neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the importance of regional aging as a potential modulator of disease. Our findings identify molecular foci of brain aging, providing a foundation to target age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aulden G Foltz
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Micaiah Atkins
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Blen Kedir
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patricia Moran-Losada
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Guldner
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christy Munson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU Langone Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Fabian Kern
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Róbert Pálovics
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Achint Kaur
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Hull
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John R Huguenard
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andreas Keller
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford University, The Phil and Penny Knight Initiative for Brain Resilience, Stanford, CA, USA.
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4
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Morón-Oset J, Fischer LK, Carcolé M, Giblin A, Zhang P, Isaacs AM, Grönke S, Partridge L. Toxicity of C9orf72-associated dipeptide repeat peptides is modified by commonly used protein tags. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201739. [PMID: 37308278 PMCID: PMC10262077 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are the most prevalent genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Transcripts of the expansions are translated into toxic dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins. Most preclinical studies in cell and animal models have used protein-tagged polyDPR constructs to investigate DPR toxicity but the effects of tags on DPR toxicity have not been systematically explored. Here, we used Drosophila to assess the influence of protein tags on DPR toxicity. Tagging of 36 but not 100 arginine-rich DPRs with mCherry increased toxicity, whereas adding mCherry or GFP to GA100 completely abolished toxicity. FLAG tagging also reduced GA100 toxicity but less than the longer fluorescent tags. Expression of untagged but not GFP- or mCherry-tagged GA100 caused DNA damage and increased p62 levels. Fluorescent tags also affected GA100 stability and degradation. In summary, protein tags affect DPR toxicity in a tag- and DPR-dependent manner, and GA toxicity might be underestimated in studies using tagged GA proteins. Thus, including untagged DPRs as controls is important when assessing DPR toxicity in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mireia Carcolé
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ashling Giblin
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pingze Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
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5
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Morón-Oset J, Fischer LKS, Jauré N, Zhang P, Jahn AJ, Supèr T, Pahl A, Isaacs AM, Grönke S, Partridge L. Repeat length of C9orf72-associated glycine-alanine polypeptides affects their toxicity. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:140. [PMID: 37644512 PMCID: PMC10463776 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansions in a non-coding region of the C9orf72 gene are the most common cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). G4C2 insertion length is variable, and patients can carry up to several thousand repeats. Dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs) translated from G4C2 transcripts are thought to be a main driver of toxicity. Experiments in model organisms with relatively short DPRs have shown that arginine-rich DPRs are most toxic, while polyGlycine-Alanine (GA) DPRs cause only mild toxicity. However, GA is the most abundant DPR in patient brains, and experimental work in animals has generally relied on the use of low numbers of repeats, with DPRs often tagged for in vivo tracking. Whether repeat length or tagging affect the toxicity of GA has not been systematically assessed. Therefore, we generated Drosophila fly lines expressing GA100, GA200 or GA400 specifically in adult neurons. Consistent with previous studies, expression of GA100 and GA200 caused only mild toxicity. In contrast, neuronal expression of GA400 drastically reduced climbing ability and survival of flies, indicating that long GA DPRs can be highly toxic in vivo. This toxicity could be abolished by tagging GA400. Proteomics analysis of fly brains showed a repeat-length-dependent modulation of the brain proteome, with GA400 causing earlier and stronger changes than shorter GA proteins. PolyGA expression up-regulated proteins involved in ER to Golgi trafficking, and down-regulated proteins involved in insulin signalling. Experimental down-regulation of Tango1, a highly conserved regulator of ER-to Golgi transport, partially rescued GA400 toxicity, suggesting that misregulation of this process contributes to polyGA toxicity. Experimentally increasing insulin signaling also rescued GA toxicity. In summary, our data show that long polyGA proteins can be highly toxic in vivo, and that they may therefore contribute to ALS/FTD pathogenesis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Morón-Oset
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Nathalie Jauré
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pingze Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Julia Jahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tessa Supèr
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - André Pahl
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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6
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Monzó C, Gkioni L, Beyer A, Valenzano DR, Grönke S, Partridge L. Dietary restriction mitigates the age-associated decline in mouse B cell receptor repertoire diversity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112722. [PMID: 37384530 PMCID: PMC10391628 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging impairs the capacity to respond to novel antigens, reducing immune protection against pathogens and vaccine efficacy. Dietary restriction (DR) extends life- and health span in diverse animals. However, little is known about the capacity of DR to combat the decline in immune function. Here, we study the changes in B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire during aging in DR and control mice. By sequencing the variable region of the BCR heavy chain in the spleen, we show that DR preserves diversity and attenuates the increase in clonal expansions throughout aging. Remarkably, mice starting DR in mid-life have repertoire diversity and clonal expansion rates indistinguishable from chronic DR mice. In contrast, in the intestine, these traits are unaffected by either age or DR. Reduced within-individual B cell repertoire diversity and increased clonal expansions are correlated with higher morbidity, suggesting a potential contribution of B cell repertoire dynamics to health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Monzó
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Age-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisonia Gkioni
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Age-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dario Riccardo Valenzano
- Microbiome-Host Interactions in Ageing Group, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany; Evolutionary Biology/Microbiome-Host Interactions in Aging Group: Fritz Lipmann Institute - Leibniz Institute on Aging, 07745 Jena, Thuringia, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany; Genetics, Evolution & Environment Group, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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7
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Debès C, Papadakis A, Grönke S, Karalay Ö, Tain LS, Mizi A, Nakamura S, Hahn O, Weigelt C, Josipovic N, Zirkel A, Brusius I, Sofiadis K, Lamprousi M, Lu YX, Huang W, Esmaillie R, Kubacki T, Späth MR, Schermer B, Benzing T, Müller RU, Antebi A, Partridge L, Papantonis A, Beyer A. Ageing-associated changes in transcriptional elongation influence longevity. Nature 2023; 616:814-821. [PMID: 37046086 PMCID: PMC10132977 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Physiological homeostasis becomes compromised during ageing, as a result of impairment of cellular processes, including transcription and RNA splicing1-4. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to the loss of transcriptional fidelity are so far elusive, as are ways of preventing it. Here we profiled and analysed genome-wide, ageing-related changes in transcriptional processes across different organisms: nematodes, fruitflies, mice, rats and humans. The average transcriptional elongation speed (RNA polymerase II speed) increased with age in all five species. Along with these changes in elongation speed, we observed changes in splicing, including a reduction of unspliced transcripts and the formation of more circular RNAs. Two lifespan-extending interventions, dietary restriction and lowered insulin-IGF signalling, both reversed most of these ageing-related changes. Genetic variants in RNA polymerase II that reduced its speed in worms5 and flies6 increased their lifespan. Similarly, reducing the speed of RNA polymerase II by overexpressing histone components, to counter age-associated changes in nucleosome positioning, also extended lifespan in flies and the division potential of human cells. Our findings uncover fundamental molecular mechanisms underlying animal ageing and lifespan-extending interventions, and point to possible preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Debès
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Antonios Papadakis
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Özlem Karalay
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luke S Tain
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Athanasia Mizi
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shuhei Nakamura
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carina Weigelt
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Natasa Josipovic
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne Zirkel
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabell Brusius
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Sofiadis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mantha Lamprousi
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yu-Xuan Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenming Huang
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reza Esmaillie
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Torsten Kubacki
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin R Späth
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Antebi
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Linda Partridge
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, UCL, London, UK.
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Institute for Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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8
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Baghdadi M, Nespital T, Mesaros A, Buschbaum S, Withers DJ, Grönke S, Partridge L. Reduced insulin signaling in neurons induces sex-specific health benefits. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eade8137. [PMID: 36812323 PMCID: PMC9946356 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reduced activity of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) extends health and life span in mammals. Loss of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (Irs1) gene increases survival in mice and causes tissue-specific changes in gene expression. However, the tissues underlying IIS-mediated longevity are currently unknown. Here, we measured survival and health span in mice lacking IRS1 specifically in liver, muscle, fat, and brain. Tissue-specific loss of IRS1 did not increase survival, suggesting that lack of IRS1 in more than one tissue is required for life-span extension. Loss of IRS1 in liver, muscle, and fat did not improve health. In contrast, loss of neuronal IRS1 increased energy expenditure, locomotion, and insulin sensitivity, specifically in old males. Neuronal loss of IRS1 also caused male-specific mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of Atf4, and metabolic adaptations consistent with an activated integrated stress response at old age. Thus, we identified a male-specific brain signature of aging in response to reduced IIS associated with improved health at old age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobias Nespital
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Mesaros
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Dominic J. Withers
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
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9
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Juricic P, Lu YX, Leech T, Drews LF, Paulitz J, Lu J, Nespital T, Azami S, Regan JC, Funk E, Fröhlich J, Grönke S, Partridge L. Long-lasting geroprotection from brief rapamycin treatment in early adulthood by persistently increased intestinal autophagy. Nat Aging 2022; 2:824-836. [PMID: 37118497 PMCID: PMC10154223 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The licensed drug rapamycin has potential to be repurposed for geroprotection. A key challenge is to avoid adverse side effects from continuous dosing. Here we show that geroprotective effects of chronic rapamycin treatment can be obtained with a brief pulse of the drug in early adulthood in female Drosophila and mice. In Drosophila, a brief, early rapamycin treatment of adults extended lifespan and attenuated age-related decline in the intestine to the same degree as lifelong dosing. Lasting memory of earlier treatment was mediated by elevated autophagy in intestinal enterocytes, accompanied by increased levels of intestinal LManV and lysozyme. Brief elevation of autophagy in early adulthood itself induced a long-term increase in autophagy. In mice, a 3-month, early treatment also induced a memory effect, with maintenance similar to chronic treatment, of lysozyme distribution, Man2B1 level in intestinal crypts, Paneth cell architecture and gut barrier function, even 6 months after rapamycin was withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Juricic
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Lunaphore Technologies SA, Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Xuan Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Leech
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa F Drews
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Jiongming Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Nespital
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sina Azami
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jennifer C Regan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emilie Funk
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jenny Fröhlich
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
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10
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Srivastava A, Lu J, Gadalla DS, Hendrich O, Grönke S, Partridge L. The Role of GCN2 Kinase in Mediating the Effects of Amino Acids on Longevity and Feeding Behaviour in Drosophila. Front Aging 2022; 3:944466. [PMID: 35821827 PMCID: PMC9261369 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.944466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Restriction of amino acids in the diet can extend lifespan in diverse species ranging from flies to mammals. However, the role of individual amino acids and the underlying molecular mechanisms are only partially understood. The evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase General Control Nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) is a key sensor of amino acid deficiency and has been implicated in the response of lifespan to dietary restriction (DR). Here, we generated a novel Drosophila GCN2 null mutant and analyzed its response to individual amino acid deficiency. We show that GCN2 function is essential for fly development, longevity and feeding behaviour under long-term, but not short-term, deprivation of all individual essential amino acids (EAAs) except for methionine. GCN2 mutants were longer-lived than control flies and showed normal feeding behaviour under methionine restriction. Thus, in flies at least two systems regulate these responses to amino acid deprivation. Methionine deprivation acts via a GCN2-independent mechanism, while all other EAA are sensed by GCN2. Combined deficiency of methionine and a second EAA blocked the response of GCN2 mutants to methionine, suggesting that these two pathways are interconnected. Wild type flies showed a short-term rejection of food lacking individual EAA, followed by a long-term compensatory increase in food uptake. GCN2 mutants also showed a short-term rejection of food deprived of individual EAA, but were unable to mount the compensatory long-term increase in food uptake. Over-expression of the downstream transcription factor ATF4 partially rescued the response of feeding behaviour in GCN2 mutants to amino acid deficiency. Phenotypes of GCN2 mutants induced by leucine and tryptophan, but not isoleucine, deficiency were partially rescued by ATF4 over-expression. The exact function of GCN2 as an amino acid sensor in vivo and the downstream action of its transcription factor effector ATF4 are thus context-specific with respect to the EAA involved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiongming Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Hendrich
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Annibal A, Tharyan RG, Schonewolff MF, Tam H, Latza C, Auler MMK, Grönke S, Partridge L, Antebi A. Author Correction: Regulation of the one carbon folate cycle as a shared metabolic signature of longevity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5025. [PMID: 34385439 PMCID: PMC8361093 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Annibal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Hannah Tam
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Latza
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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12
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Lu YX, Regan JC, Eßer J, Drews LF, Weinseis T, Stinn J, Hahn O, Miller RA, Grönke S, Partridge L. A TORC1-histone axis regulates chromatin organisation and non-canonical induction of autophagy to ameliorate ageing. eLife 2021; 10:62233. [PMID: 33988501 PMCID: PMC8186904 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related changes to histone levels are seen in many species. However, it is unclear whether changes to histone expression could be exploited to ameliorate the effects of ageing in multicellular organisms. Here we show that inhibition of mTORC1 by the lifespan-extending drug rapamycin increases expression of histones H3 and H4 post-transcriptionally through eIF3-mediated translation. Elevated expression of H3/H4 in intestinal enterocytes in Drosophila alters chromatin organisation, induces intestinal autophagy through transcriptional regulation, and prevents age-related decline in the intestine. Importantly, it also mediates rapamycin-induced longevity and intestinal health. Histones H3/H4 regulate expression of an autophagy cargo adaptor Bchs (WDFY3 in mammals), increased expression of which in enterocytes mediates increased H3/H4-dependent healthy longevity. In mice, rapamycin treatment increases expression of histone proteins and Wdfy3 transcription, and alters chromatin organisation in the small intestine, suggesting that the mTORC1-histone axis is at least partially conserved in mammals and may offer new targets for anti-ageing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jennifer C Regan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Eßer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa F Drews
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Weinseis
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Stinn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Tain LS, Sehlke R, Meilenbrock RL, Leech T, Paulitz J, Chokkalingam M, Nagaraj N, Grönke S, Fröhlich J, Atanassov I, Mann M, Beyer A, Partridge L. Tissue-specific modulation of gene expression in response to lowered insulin signalling in Drosophila. eLife 2021; 10:67275. [PMID: 33879316 PMCID: PMC8060030 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced activity of the insulin/IGF signalling network increases health during ageing in multiple species. Diverse and tissue-specific mechanisms drive the health improvement. Here, we performed tissue-specific transcriptional and proteomic profiling of long-lived Drosophila dilp2-3,5 mutants, and identified tissue-specific regulation of >3600 transcripts and >3700 proteins. Most expression changes were regulated post-transcriptionally in the fat body, and only in mutants infected with the endosymbiotic bacteria, Wolbachia pipientis, which increases their lifespan. Bioinformatic analysis identified reduced co-translational ER targeting of secreted and membrane-associated proteins and increased DNA damage/repair response proteins. Accordingly, age-related DNA damage and genome instability were lower in fat body of the mutant, and overexpression of a minichromosome maintenance protein subunit extended lifespan. Proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism showed altered expression in the mutant intestine, and gut-specific overexpression of a lysosomal mannosidase increased autophagy, gut homeostasis, and lifespan. These processes are candidates for combatting ageing-related decline in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Sehlke
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Leech
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jonathan Paulitz
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manopriya Chokkalingam
- CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nagarjuna Nagaraj
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Jenny Fröhlich
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ilian Atanassov
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Beyer
- CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC) & Cologne School for Computational Biology (CSCB), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Healthy Ageing, and GEE, UCL, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Atilano ML, Grönke S, Niccoli T, Kempthorne L, Hahn O, Morón-Oset J, Hendrich O, Dyson M, Adams ML, Hull A, Salcher-Konrad MT, Monaghan A, Bictash M, Glaria I, Isaacs AM, Partridge L. Enhanced insulin signalling ameliorates C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion toxicity in Drosophila. eLife 2021; 10:e58565. [PMID: 33739284 PMCID: PMC8007214 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G4C2 repeat expansions within the C9orf72 gene are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The repeats undergo repeat-associated non-ATG translation to generate toxic dipeptide repeat proteins. Here, we show that insulin/IGF signalling is reduced in fly models of C9orf72 repeat expansion using RNA sequencing of adult brain. We further demonstrate that activation of insulin/IGF signalling can mitigate multiple neurodegenerative phenotypes in flies expressing either expanded G4C2 repeats or the toxic dipeptide repeat protein poly-GR. Levels of poly-GR are reduced when components of the insulin/IGF signalling pathway are genetically activated in the diseased flies, suggesting a mechanism of rescue. Modulating insulin signalling in mammalian cells also lowers poly-GR levels. Remarkably, systemic injection of insulin improves the survival of flies expressing G4C2 repeats. Overall, our data suggest that modulation of insulin/IGF signalling could be an effective therapeutic approach against C9orf72 ALS/FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda L Atilano
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Liam Kempthorne
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | | | - Miranda Dyson
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Lisette Adams
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alexander Hull
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marie-Therese Salcher-Konrad
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Amy Monaghan
- Alzheimer's Research United Kingdom UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Magda Bictash
- Alzheimer's Research United Kingdom UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Idoia Glaria
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy AgeingLondonUnited Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
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15
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Kaeser SA, Lehallier B, Thinggaard M, Häsler LM, Apel A, Bergmann C, Berdnik D, Jeune B, Christensen K, Grönke S, Partridge L, Wyss-Coray T, Mengel-From J, Jucker M. A neuronal blood marker is associated with mortality in old age. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 1:218-225. [PMID: 37118632 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has emerged as a promising blood biomarker for the progression of various neurological diseases. NfL is a structural protein of nerve cells, and elevated NfL levels in blood are thought to mirror damage to the nervous system. We find that plasma NfL levels increase in humans with age (n = 122; 21-107 years of age) and correlate with changes in other plasma proteins linked to neural pathways. In centenarians (n = 135), plasma NfL levels are associated with mortality equally or better than previously described multi-item scales of cognitive or physical functioning, and this observation was replicated in an independent cohort of nonagenarians (n = 180). Plasma NfL levels also increase in aging mice (n = 114; 2-30 months of age), and dietary restriction, a paradigm that extends lifespan in mice, attenuates the age-related increase in plasma NfL levels. These observations suggest a contribution of nervous system functional deterioration to late-life mortality.
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16
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Heier C, Knittelfelder O, Hofbauer HF, Mende W, Pörnbacher I, Schiller L, Schoiswohl G, Xie H, Grönke S, Shevchenko A, Kühnlein RP. Hormone-sensitive lipase couples intergenerational sterol metabolism to reproductive success. eLife 2021; 10:63252. [PMID: 33538247 PMCID: PMC7880688 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triacylglycerol (TG) and steryl ester (SE) lipid storage is a universal strategy to maintain organismal energy and membrane homeostasis. Cycles of building and mobilizing storage fat are fundamental in (re)distributing lipid substrates between tissues or to progress ontogenetic transitions. In this study, we show that Hormone-sensitive lipase (Hsl) specifically controls SE mobilization to initiate intergenerational sterol transfer in Drosophila melanogaster. Tissue-autonomous Hsl functions in the maternal fat body and germline coordinately prevent adult SE overstorage and maximize sterol allocation to embryos. While Hsl-deficiency is largely dispensable for normal development on sterol-rich diets, animals depend on adipocyte Hsl for optimal fecundity when dietary sterol becomes limiting. Notably, accumulation of SE but not of TG is a characteristic of Hsl-deficient cells across phyla including murine white adipocytes. In summary, we identified Hsl as an ancestral regulator of SE degradation, which improves intergenerational sterol transfer and reproductive success in flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Heier
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Oskar Knittelfelder
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Harald F Hofbauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Mende
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ingrid Pörnbacher
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Schiller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriele Schoiswohl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hao Xie
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Lu J, Temp U, Müller-Hartmann A, Esser J, Grönke S, Partridge L. Sestrin is a key regulator of stem cell function and lifespan in response to dietary amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:60-72. [PMID: 37117991 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-020-00001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) promotes healthy aging in diverse species. Essential amino acids play a key role, but the molecular mechanisms are unknown. The evolutionarily conserved Sestrin protein, an inhibitor of activity of the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1), has recently been discovered as a sensor of amino acids in vitro. Here, we show that Sestrin null mutant flies have a blunted response of lifespan to DR. A mutant Sestrin fly line, with blocked amino acid binding and TORC1 activation, showed delayed development, reduced fecundity, extended lifespan and protection against lifespan-shortening, high-protein diets. Sestrin mediated reduced intestinal stem cell activity and gut cell turnover from DR, and stem cell proliferation in response to dietary amino acids, by regulating the TOR pathway and autophagy. Sestrin expression in intestinal stem cells was sufficient to maintain gut homeostasis and extend lifespan. Sestrin is thus a molecular link between dietary amino acids, stem cell function and longevity.
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18
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Juricic P, Grönke S, Partridge L. Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have Equivalent Effects to Other Essential Amino Acids on Lifespan and Aging-Related Traits in Drosophila. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:24-31. [PMID: 30891588 PMCID: PMC6909895 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been suggested to be particularly potent activators of Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signaling. Moreover, increased circulating BCAAs are associated with higher risk of insulin resistance and diabetes in both mice and humans, and with increased mortality in mice. However, it remains unknown if BCAAs play a more prominent role in longevity than do other essential amino acids (EAAs). To test for a more prominent role of BCAAs in lifespan and related traits in Drosophila, we restricted either BCAAs or a control group of three other EAAs, threonine, histidine and lysine (THK). BCAA restriction induced compensatory feeding, lipid accumulation, stress resistance and amelioration of age-related gut pathology. It also extended lifespan in a dietary-nitrogen-dependent manner. Importantly, the control restriction of THK had similar effects on these phenotypes. Our control diet was designed to have every EAA equally limiting for growth and reproduction, and our findings therefore suggest that the level of the most limiting EAAs in the diet, rather than the specific EAAs that are limiting, determines the response of these phenotypes to EAA restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Juricic
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, and Department of Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, and Department of Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, and Department of Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Healthy Ageing, and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, UCL, London, UK
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19
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Weigelt CM, Sehgal R, Tain LS, Cheng J, Eßer J, Pahl A, Dieterich C, Grönke S, Partridge L. An Insulin-Sensitive Circular RNA that Regulates Lifespan in Drosophila. Mol Cell 2020; 79:268-279.e5. [PMID: 32592682 PMCID: PMC7318944 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abundant and accumulate with age in neurons of diverse species. However, only few circRNAs have been functionally characterized, and their role during aging has not been addressed. Here, we use transcriptome profiling during aging and find that accumulation of circRNAs is slowed down in long-lived insulin mutant flies. Next, we characterize the in vivo function of a circRNA generated by the sulfateless gene (circSfl), which is consistently upregulated, particularly in the brain and muscle, of diverse long-lived insulin mutants. Strikingly, lifespan extension of insulin mutants is dependent on circSfl, and overexpression of circSfl alone is sufficient to extend the lifespan. Moreover, circSfl is translated into a protein that shares the N terminus and potentially some functions with the full-length Sfl protein encoded by the host gene. Our study demonstrates that insulin signaling affects global circRNA accumulation and reveals an important role of circSfl during aging in vivo. Accumulation of circRNAs with age is slowed down in long-lived insulin mutant flies A circRNA encoded by the sulfateless gene is induced in long-lived insulin mutants Overexpression of circSfl extends the lifespan of fruit flies CircSfl is translated, and the resulting peptide is sufficient to extend lifespan
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Marianne Weigelt
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Rohan Sehgal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Luke Stephen Tain
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jun Cheng
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Eßer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - André Pahl
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute of Healthy Ageing, Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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20
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Tain LS, Jain C, Nespital T, Froehlich J, Hinze Y, Grönke S, Partridge L. Longevity in response to lowered insulin signaling requires glycine N-methyltransferase-dependent spermidine production. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13043. [PMID: 31721422 PMCID: PMC6974722 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced insulin/IGF signaling (IIS) extends lifespan in multiple organisms. Different processes in different tissues mediate this lifespan extension, with a set of interplays that remain unclear. We here show that, in Drosophila, reduced IIS activity modulates methionine metabolism, through tissue-specific regulation of glycine N-methyltransferase (Gnmt), and that this regulation is required for full IIS-mediated longevity. Furthermore, fat body-specific expression of Gnmt was sufficient to extend lifespan. Targeted metabolomics showed that reducing IIS activity led to a Gnmt-dependent increase in spermidine levels. We also show that both spermidine treatment and reduced IIS activity are sufficient to extend the lifespan of Drosophila, but only in the presence of Gnmt. This extension of lifespan was associated with increased levels of autophagy. Finally, we found that increased expression of Gnmt occurs in the liver of liver-specific IRS1 KO mice and is thus an evolutionarily conserved response to reduced IIS. The discovery of Gnmt and spermidine as tissue-specific modulators of IIS-mediated longevity may aid in developing future therapeutic treatments to ameliorate aging and prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke S. Tain
- Max‐Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | - Chirag Jain
- Max‐Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | | | - Yvonne Hinze
- Max‐Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max‐Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, and GEEUCLLondonUK
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21
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Morón-Oset J, Supèr T, Esser J, Isaacs AM, Grönke S, Partridge L. Glycine-alanine dipeptide repeats spread rapidly in a repeat length- and age-dependent manner in the fly brain. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:209. [PMID: 31843021 PMCID: PMC6916080 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexanucleotide repeat expansions of variable size in C9orf72 are the most prevalent genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Sense and antisense transcripts of the expansions are translated by repeat-associated non-AUG translation into five dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). Of these, the polyGR, polyPR and, to a lesser extent, polyGA DPRs are neurotoxic, with polyGA the most abundantly detected DPR in patient tissue. Trans-cellular transmission of protein aggregates has recently emerged as a major driver of toxicity in various neurodegenerative diseases. In vitro evidence suggests that the C9 DPRs can spread. However, whether this phenomenon occurs under more complex in vivo conditions remains unexplored. Here, we used the adult fly brain to investigate whether the C9 DPRs can spread in vivo upon expression in a subset of neurons. We found that only polyGA can progressively spread throughout the brain, which accumulates in the shape of aggregate-like puncta inside recipient cells. Interestingly, GA transmission occurred as early as 3 days after expression induction. By comparing the spread of 36, 100 and 200 polyGA repeats, we found that polyGA spread is enhanced upon expression of longer GA DPRs. Transmission of polyGA is greater in older flies, indicating that age-associated factors exacerbate the spread. These data highlight a unique propensity of polyGA to spread throughout the brain, which could contribute to the greater abundance of polyGA in patient tissue. In addition, we present a model of early GA transmission that is suitable for genetic screens to identify mechanisms of spread and its consequences in vivo.
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22
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Hahn O, Drews LF, Nguyen A, Tatsuta T, Gkioni L, Hendrich O, Zhang Q, Langer T, Pletcher S, Wakelam MJO, Beyer A, Grönke S, Partridge L. A nutritional memory effect counteracts benefits of dietary restriction in old mice. Nat Metab 2019; 1:1059-1073. [PMID: 31742247 PMCID: PMC6861129 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) during adulthood can greatly extend lifespan and improve metabolic health in diverse species. However, whether DR in mammals is still effective when applied for the first time at old age remains elusive. Here, we report results of a late-life DR switch experiment employing 800 mice, in which 24 months old female mice were switched from ad libitum (AL) to DR or vice versa. Strikingly, the switch from DR-to-AL acutely increases mortality, whereas the switch from AL-to-DR causes only a weak and gradual increase in survival, suggesting a memory of earlier nutrition. RNA-seq profiling in liver, brown (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) demonstrate a largely refractory transcriptional and metabolic response to DR after AL feeding in fat tissue, particularly in WAT, and a proinflammatory signature in aged preadipocytes, which is prevented by chronic DR feeding. Our results provide evidence for a nutritional memory as a limiting factor for DR-induced longevity and metabolic remodeling of WAT in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa F Drews
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - An Nguyen
- Inositide lab, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Takashi Tatsuta
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisonia Gkioni
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Hendrich
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Inositide lab, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Scott Pletcher
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and the Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Andreas Beyer
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK.
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23
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Weigelt CM, Hahn O, Arlt K, Gruhn M, Jahn AJ, Eßer J, Werner JA, Klein C, Büschges A, Grönke S, Partridge L. Loss of miR-210 leads to progressive retinal degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/1/e201800149. [PMID: 30670478 PMCID: PMC6343102 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depletion of miRNA-210 disrupts photoreceptor integrity and visual function in Drosophila melanogaster. miRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. We used small RNA sequencing to identify tissue-specific miRNAs in the adult brain, thorax, gut, and fat body of Drosophila melanogaster. One of the most brain-specific miRNAs that we identified was miR-210, an evolutionarily highly conserved miRNA implicated in the regulation of hypoxia in mammals. In Drosophila, we show that miR-210 is specifically expressed in sensory organs, including photoreceptors. miR-210 knockout mutants are not sensitive toward hypoxia but show progressive degradation of photoreceptor cells, accompanied by decreased photoreceptor potential, demonstrating an important function of miR-210 in photoreceptor maintenance and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina Arlt
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Gruhn
- Department for Animal Physiology, Biocenter Cologne, Institute of Zoology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika J Jahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Eßer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Corinna Klein
- Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases Research Centre, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ansgar Büschges
- Department for Animal Physiology, Biocenter Cologne, Institute of Zoology, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany .,Institute of Healthy Ageing, Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
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24
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Hahn O, Stubbs TM, Reik W, Grönke S, Beyer A, Partridge L. Hepatic gene body hypermethylation is a shared epigenetic signature of murine longevity. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007766. [PMID: 30462643 PMCID: PMC6281273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary, pharmacological and genetic interventions can extend health- and lifespan in diverse mammalian species. DNA methylation has been implicated in mediating the beneficial effects of these interventions; methylation patterns deteriorate during ageing, and this is prevented by lifespan-extending interventions. However, whether these interventions also actively shape the epigenome, and whether such epigenetic reprogramming contributes to improved health at old age, remains underexplored. We analysed published, whole-genome, BS-seq data sets from mouse liver to explore DNA methylation patterns in aged mice in response to three lifespan-extending interventions: dietary restriction (DR), reduced TOR signaling (rapamycin), and reduced growth (Ames dwarf mice). Dwarf mice show enhanced DNA hypermethylation in the body of key genes in lipid biosynthesis, cell proliferation and somatotropic signaling, which strongly correlates with the pattern of transcriptional repression. Remarkably, DR causes a similar hypermethylation in lipid biosynthesis genes, while rapamycin treatment increases methylation signatures in genes coding for growth factor and growth hormone receptors. Shared changes of DNA methylation were restricted to hypermethylated regions, and they were not merely a consequence of slowed ageing, thus suggesting an active mechanism driving their formation. By comparing the overlap in ageing-independent hypermethylated patterns between all three interventions, we identified four regions, which, independent of genetic background or gender, may serve as novel biomarkers for longevity-extending interventions. In summary, we identified gene body hypermethylation as a novel and partly conserved signature of lifespan-extending interventions in mouse, highlighting epigenetic reprogramming as a possible intervention to improve health at old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Stubbs
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andreas Beyer
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Moens TG, Mizielinska S, Niccoli T, Mitchell JS, Thoeng A, Ridler CE, Grönke S, Esser J, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Partridge L, Isaacs AM. Sense and antisense RNA are not toxic in Drosophila models of C9orf72-associated ALS/FTD. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:445-457. [PMID: 29380049 PMCID: PMC6385858 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Neurodegeneration may occur via transcription of the repeats into inherently toxic repetitive sense and antisense RNA species, or via repeat-associated non-ATG initiated translation (RANT) of sense and antisense RNA into toxic dipeptide repeat proteins. We have previously demonstrated that regular interspersion of repeat RNA with stop codons prevents RANT (RNA-only models), allowing us to study the role of repeat RNA in isolation. Here we have created novel RNA-only Drosophila models, including the first models of antisense repeat toxicity, and flies expressing extremely large repeats, within the range observed in patients. We generated flies expressing ~ 100 repeat sense or antisense RNA either as part of a processed polyadenylated transcript or intronic sequence. We additionally created Drosophila expressing > 1000 RNA-only repeats in the sense direction. When expressed in adult Drosophila neurons polyadenylated repeat RNA is largely cytoplasmic in localisation, whilst intronic repeat RNA forms intranuclear RNA foci, as does > 1000 repeat RNA, thus allowing us to investigate both nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA toxicity. We confirmed that these RNA foci are capable of sequestering endogenous Drosophila RNA-binding proteins, and that the production of dipeptide proteins (poly-glycine–proline, and poly-glycine–arginine) is suppressed in our models. We find that neither cytoplasmic nor nuclear sense or antisense RNA are toxic when expressed in adult Drosophila neurons, suggesting they have a limited role in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Moens
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sarah Mizielinska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 9RT, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jamie S Mitchell
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Annora Thoeng
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Charlotte E Ridler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Esser
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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26
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Tain LS, Sehlke R, Jain C, Chokkalingam M, Nagaraj N, Essers P, Rassner M, Grönke S, Froelich J, Dieterich C, Mann M, Alic N, Beyer A, Partridge L. A proteomic atlas of insulin signalling reveals tissue-specific mechanisms of longevity assurance. Mol Syst Biol 2017; 13:939. [PMID: 28916541 PMCID: PMC5615923 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20177663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lowered activity of the insulin/IGF signalling (IIS) network can ameliorate the effects of ageing in laboratory animals and, possibly, humans. Although transcriptome remodelling in long‐lived IIS mutants has been extensively documented, the causal mechanisms contributing to extended lifespan, particularly in specific tissues, remain unclear. We have characterized the proteomes of four key insulin‐sensitive tissues in a long‐lived Drosophila IIS mutant and control, and detected 44% of the predicted proteome (6,085 proteins). Expression of ribosome‐associated proteins in the fat body was reduced in the mutant, with a corresponding, tissue‐specific reduction in translation. Expression of mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins in fat body was increased, leading to increased respiration, which was necessary for IIS‐mediated lifespan extension, and alone sufficient to mediate it. Proteasomal subunits showed altered expression in IIS mutant gut, and gut‐specific over‐expression of the RPN6 proteasomal subunit, was sufficient to increase proteasomal activity and extend lifespan, whilst inhibition of proteasome activity abolished IIS‐mediated longevity. Our study thus uncovered strikingly tissue‐specific responses of cellular processes to lowered IIS acting in concert to ameliorate ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke S Tain
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert Sehlke
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Chirag Jain
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manopriya Chokkalingam
- CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nagarjuna Nagaraj
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Paul Essers
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mark Rassner
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Jenny Froelich
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III and Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nazif Alic
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, and GEE, UCL, London, UK
| | - Andreas Beyer
- CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany .,Institute of Healthy Ageing, and GEE, UCL, London, UK
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27
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Gorsky MK, Burnouf S, Sofola-Adesakin O, Dols J, Augustin H, Weigelt CM, Grönke S, Partridge L. Pseudo-acetylation of multiple sites on human Tau proteins alters Tau phosphorylation and microtubule binding, and ameliorates amyloid beta toxicity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9984. [PMID: 28855586 PMCID: PMC5577152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that is highly soluble and natively unfolded. Its dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where it aggregates within neurons. Deciphering the physiological and pathogenic roles of human Tau (hTau) is crucial to further understand the mechanisms leading to its dysfunction in vivo. We have used a knock-out/knock-in strategy in Drosophila to generate a strain with hTau inserted into the endogenous fly tau locus and expressed under the control of the endogenous fly tau promoter, thus avoiding potential toxicity due to genetic over-expression. hTau knock-in (KI) proteins were expressed at normal, endogenous levels, bound to fly microtubules and were post-translationally modified, hence displaying physiological properties. We used this new model to investigate the effects of acetylation on hTau toxicity in vivo. The simultaneous pseudo-acetylation of hTau at lysines 163, 280, 281 and 369 drastically decreased hTau phosphorylation and significantly reduced its binding to microtubules in vivo. These molecular alterations were associated with ameliorated amyloid beta toxicity. Our results indicate acetylation of hTau on multiple sites regulates its biology and ameliorates amyloid beta toxicity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Karina Gorsky
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sylvie Burnouf
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oyinkan Sofola-Adesakin
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, and GEE, UCL, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jacqueline Dols
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hrvoje Augustin
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Healthy Ageing, and GEE, UCL, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Carina Marianne Weigelt
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Institute of Healthy Ageing, and GEE, UCL, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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28
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Hahn O, Grönke S, Stubbs TM, Ficz G, Hendrich O, Krueger F, Andrews S, Zhang Q, Wakelam MJ, Beyer A, Reik W, Partridge L. Dietary restriction protects from age-associated DNA methylation and induces epigenetic reprogramming of lipid metabolism. Genome Biol 2017; 18:56. [PMID: 28351387 PMCID: PMC5370449 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary restriction (DR), a reduction in food intake without malnutrition, increases most aspects of health during aging and extends lifespan in diverse species, including rodents. However, the mechanisms by which DR interacts with the aging process to improve health in old age are poorly understood. DNA methylation could play an important role in mediating the effects of DR because it is sensitive to the effects of nutrition and can affect gene expression memory over time. Results Here, we profile genome-wide changes in DNA methylation, gene expression and lipidomics in response to DR and aging in female mouse liver. DR is generally strongly protective against age-related changes in DNA methylation. During aging with DR, DNA methylation becomes targeted to gene bodies and is associated with reduced gene expression, particularly of genes involved in lipid metabolism. The lipid profile of the livers of DR mice is correspondingly shifted towards lowered triglyceride content and shorter chain length of triglyceride-associated fatty acids, and these effects become more pronounced with age. Conclusions Our results indicate that DR remodels genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation so that age-related changes are profoundly delayed, while changes at loci involved in lipid metabolism affect gene expression and the resulting lipid profile. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-017-1187-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas M Stubbs
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Gabriella Ficz
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Oliver Hendrich
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Krueger
- Bioinformatics Group, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Simon Andrews
- Bioinformatics Group, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Inositide Lab, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Andreas Beyer
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne, 50931, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany.
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK. .,The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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29
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Niccoli T, Cabecinha M, Tillmann A, Kerr F, Wong CT, Cardenes D, Vincent AJ, Bettedi L, Li L, Grönke S, Dols J, Partridge L. Increased Glucose Transport into Neurons Rescues Aβ Toxicity in Drosophila. Curr Biol 2016; 26:2550. [PMID: 27676294 PMCID: PMC5628945 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Niccoli T, Cabecinha M, Tillmann A, Kerr F, Wong CT, Cardenes D, Vincent AJ, Bettedi L, Li L, Grönke S, Dols J, Partridge L. Increased Glucose Transport into Neurons Rescues Aβ Toxicity in Drosophila. Curr Biol 2016; 26:2291-300. [PMID: 27524482 PMCID: PMC5026704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glucose hypometabolism is a prominent feature of the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Disease progression is associated with a reduction in glucose transporters in both neurons and endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier. However, whether increasing glucose transport into either of these cell types offers therapeutic potential remains unknown. Using an adult-onset Drosophila model of Aβ (amyloid beta) toxicity, we show that genetic overexpression of a glucose transporter, specifically in neurons, rescues lifespan, behavioral phenotypes, and neuronal morphology. This amelioration of Aβ toxicity is associated with a reduction in the protein levels of the unfolded protein response (UPR) negative master regulator Grp78 and an increase in the UPR. We further demonstrate that genetic downregulation of Grp78 activity also protects against Aβ toxicity, confirming a causal effect of its alteration on AD-related pathology. Metformin, a drug that stimulates glucose uptake in cells, mimicked these effects, with a concomitant reduction in Grp78 levels and rescue of the shortened lifespan and climbing defects of Aβ-expressing flies. Our findings demonstrate a protective effect of increased neuronal uptake of glucose against Aβ toxicity and highlight Grp78 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Niccoli
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Melissa Cabecinha
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Anna Tillmann
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Fiona Kerr
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Chi T Wong
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Dalia Cardenes
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alec J Vincent
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Lucia Bettedi
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Dols
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment (GEE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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Burnouf S, Grönke S, Augustin H, Dols J, Gorsky MK, Werner J, Kerr F, Alic N, Martinez P, Partridge L. Deletion of endogenous Tau proteins is not detrimental in Drosophila. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23102. [PMID: 26976084 PMCID: PMC4792132 DOI: 10.1038/srep23102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Tau (hTau) is a highly soluble and natively unfolded protein that binds to microtubules within neurons. Its dysfunction and aggregation into insoluble paired helical filaments is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), constituting, together with accumulated β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, a hallmark of the disease. Deciphering both the loss-of-function and toxic gain-of-function of hTau proteins is crucial to further understand the mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration in AD. As the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster expresses Tau proteins (dTau) that are homologous to hTau, we aimed to better comprehend dTau functions by generating a specific tau knock-out (KO) fly line using homologous recombination. We observed that the specific removal of endogenous dTau proteins did not lead to overt, macroscopic phenotypes in flies. Indeed, survival, climbing ability and neuronal function were unchanged in tau KO flies. In addition, we did not find any overt positive or negative effect of dTau removal on human Aβ-induced toxicity. Altogether, our results indicate that the absence of dTau proteins has no major functional impact on flies, and suggests that our tau KO strain is a relevant model to further investigate the role of dTau proteins in vivo, thereby giving additional insights into hTau functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Burnouf
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hrvoje Augustin
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jacqueline Dols
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marianna Karina Gorsky
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jennifer Werner
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Fiona Kerr
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nazif Alic
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Müller S, Hennig B, Grönke S, Hunzelmann N, Frank K. Bedeutung der Lungenfunktion für die Progredienz der Lungenfibrose und Rechtsherzbelastung bei systemischer Sklerodermie. Pneumologie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1572033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Grönke S, Oesterlee U, Chang DH, Ladage D, Hagmeyer L, Randerath WJ, Frank K. Arterio-arterielle Gefäßfistel als Ursache einer Hb-relevanten pulmonalen Blutung. Pneumologie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1572204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Eller D, Beweng J, Grönke S, Frank K. Endoskopische Volumenreduktion mittels Coil-Implantation verbessert Belastbarkeit und Symptomatik. Pneumologie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1572157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Liss B, Vehreschild JJ, Bangard C, Maintz D, Frank K, Grönke S, Michels G, Hamprecht A, Wisplinghoff H, Markiefka B, Hekmat K, Vehreschild MJGT, Cornely OA. Our 2015 approach to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Mycoses 2015; 58:375-82. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Liss
- Department I of Internal Medicine; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology CIO KölnBonn; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - J. J. Vehreschild
- Department I of Internal Medicine; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology CIO KölnBonn; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); partner site Bonn-Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - C. Bangard
- Department of Radiology; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - D. Maintz
- Department of Radiology; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - K. Frank
- Department III of Internal Medicine; Heart Centre of the University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - S. Grönke
- Department III of Internal Medicine; Heart Centre of the University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - G. Michels
- Department III of Internal Medicine; Heart Centre of the University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - A. Hamprecht
- Institute for Medical Microbiology; Immunology and Hygiene; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - H. Wisplinghoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology; Immunology and Hygiene; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - B. Markiefka
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - K. Hekmat
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - M. J. G. T. Vehreschild
- Department I of Internal Medicine; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology CIO KölnBonn; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); partner site Bonn-Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - O. A. Cornely
- Department I of Internal Medicine; University Hospital of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology CIO KölnBonn; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); partner site Bonn-Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Clinical Trials Centre Cologne; ZKS Köln; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
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Grönke S, Reuter S, Jaussi R, Frank K, Reuter H. Sturz mit Folgen – Noduläre lymphoide Hyperplasie als Zufallsbefund einer malignitätsverdächtigen RF. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Grönke S, Boedecker S, Hochgreef T, Heldwein M, Hekmat K, Frank K. Ein Zahnarztbesuch mit dramatischen Folgen – Trachealruptur nach Routineeingriff. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Hennig B, Müller S, Hochgreef T, Grönke S, Frank K. Zusammenhang zwischen Lungenfunktionsparametern und Rechtsherzbelastung bei idiopathischer Lungenfibrose – Falluntersuchung an 103 Patienten. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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39
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Macherey S, Preuss SF, Doerr F, Grönke S, Heldwein M, Quaas A, Zander T, Hekmat K. [Surgical therapy of lung metastases from head and neck cancer]. HNO 2014; 62:893-901; quiz 902-3. [PMID: 25294229 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-014-2933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary metastasectomy is an established procedure in oncological therapeutic concepts. A systematic literature search and an analysis of all studies published since 01.01.2000 should evaluate the advantage of pulmonary metastasectomy for patients with primary head and neck cancer. Lung metastases develop in 1.9-13% of head and neck cancer patients. Following metastasectomy, patients reach a median survival of 9.5-78 months and 5-year survival rates of up to 58% are achieved. Intrathoracic recurrence occurs in 18.4-81.8% of patients, selected instances of which can be successfully treated by remetastasectomy. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma have the worst prognosis, but could also become long-term survivors (≥ 60 months). Pulmonary metastasectomy is frequently the only potentially curative therapeutic approach and offers a better long-term survival than nonsurgical therapies. Lung metastasectomy is thus the treatment of choice in selected patients with pulmonary metastases from primary head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Macherey
- Medizinische Fakultät, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland
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Mizielinska S, Grönke S, Niccoli T, Ridler CE, Clayton EL, Devoy A, Moens T, Norona FE, Woollacott IOC, Pietrzyk J, Cleverley K, Nicoll AJ, Pickering-Brown S, Dols J, Cabecinha M, Hendrich O, Fratta P, Fisher EMC, Partridge L, Isaacs AM. C9orf72 repeat expansions cause neurodegeneration in Drosophila through arginine-rich proteins. Science 2014; 345:1192-1194. [PMID: 25103406 DOI: 10.1126/science.1256800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An expanded GGGGCC repeat in C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A fundamental question is whether toxicity is driven by the repeat RNA itself and/or by dipeptide repeat proteins generated by repeat-associated, non-ATG translation. To address this question, we developed in vitro and in vivo models to dissect repeat RNA and dipeptide repeat protein toxicity. Expression of pure repeats, but not stop codon-interrupted "RNA-only" repeats in Drosophila caused adult-onset neurodegeneration. Thus, expanded repeats promoted neurodegeneration through dipeptide repeat proteins. Expression of individual dipeptide repeat proteins with a non-GGGGCC RNA sequence revealed that both poly-(glycine-arginine) and poly-(proline-arginine) proteins caused neurodegeneration. These findings are consistent with a dual toxicity mechanism, whereby both arginine-rich proteins and repeat RNA contribute to C9orf72-mediated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mizielinska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, UCL, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Charlotte E Ridler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Emma L Clayton
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anny Devoy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Thomas Moens
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, UCL, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Frances E Norona
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ione O C Woollacott
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Julian Pietrzyk
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Karen Cleverley
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Andrew J Nicoll
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Human and Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jacqueline Dols
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Melissa Cabecinha
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, UCL, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Oliver Hendrich
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Pietro Fratta
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Elizabeth M C Fisher
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, UCL, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adrian M Isaacs
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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Boedecker S, Hochgreef T, Grönke S, Frank K. Bronchoskopische Lungenvolumenreduktion mit Ventilen – Auswirkungen auf die kardiale Funktion. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hochgreef T, Boedecker S, Grönke S, Frank K. Lungenvolumenreduktion mit Lungenventilen bei Emphysem-Patienten – 12 Monate Follow-Up. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Grönke S, Hochgreef T, Frank K. Ungewöhnlicher Fall einer Tracheobronchialverkalkung - Tracheopathia osteochrondroplastica. Pneumologie 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1334586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hochgreef T, Boedecker S, Grönke S, Frank K. Bronchoskopische Lungenvolumenreduktion mit Lungenventilen bei fortgeschrittenen COPD-Patienten. Pneumologie 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1334699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wredenberg A, Lagouge M, Bratic A, Metodiev MD, Spåhr H, Mourier A, Freyer C, Ruzzenente B, Tain L, Grönke S, Baggio F, Kukat C, Kremmer E, Wibom R, Polosa PL, Habermann B, Partridge L, Park CB, Larsson NG. MTERF3 regulates mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis in invertebrates and mammals. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003178. [PMID: 23300484 PMCID: PMC3536695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) expression is critical for the control of oxidative phosphorylation in response to physiological demand, and this regulation is often impaired in disease and aging. We have previously shown that mitochondrial transcription termination factor 3 (MTERF3) is a key regulator that represses mtDNA transcription in the mouse, but its molecular mode of action has remained elusive. Based on the hypothesis that key regulatory mechanisms for mtDNA expression are conserved in metazoans, we analyzed Mterf3 knockout and knockdown flies. We demonstrate here that decreased expression of MTERF3 not only leads to activation of mtDNA transcription, but also impairs assembly of the large mitochondrial ribosomal subunit. This novel function of MTERF3 in mitochondrial ribosomal biogenesis is conserved in the mouse, thus we identify a novel and unexpected role for MTERF3 in coordinating the crosstalk between transcription and translation for the regulation of mammalian mtDNA gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wredenberg
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
- Department Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Lagouge
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
| | - Ana Bratic
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
- Department Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Henrik Spåhr
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
| | - Arnaud Mourier
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
| | - Christoph Freyer
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
- Department Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Luke Tain
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- Helmholtz Center, Institute for Molecular Immunology, Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Wibom
- Department Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paola Loguercio Polosa
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Chan Bae Park
- Institute for Medical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (CBP); (N-GL)
| | - Nils-Göran Larsson
- Max-Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Köln, Germany
- Department Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (CBP); (N-GL)
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Bi J, Xiang Y, Chen H, Liu Z, Grönke S, Kühnlein RP, Huang X. Opposite and redundant roles of the two Drosophila Perilipins in lipid mobilization. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:3568-77. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets are the main lipid storage sites in cells. Lipid droplet homeostasis is regulated by the surface accessibility of lipases. Mammalian adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) are two key lipases for basal and stimulated lipolysis, respectively. Perilipins, the best known lipid droplet surface proteins, can either recruit lipases or prevent the access of lipases to lipid droplets. Mammals have five Perilipins, which often exhibit redundant functions, precluding the analysis of the exact role of individual Perilipin in vivo. Drosophila has only two Perilipins, PLIN1/LSD-1 and PLIN2/LSD-2. Previous studies revealed that PLIN2 is important for protecting lipid droplets from lipolysis mediated by Brummer (BMM), the Drosophila homolog of ATGL. In this study, we report the functional analysis of PLIN1 and Drosophila HSL (dHSL). Loss-of-function and overexpression studies reveal that as opposed to PLIN2, PLIN1 likely facilitates lipid mobilization. dHSL is recruited from the cytosol to the surface of lipid droplets under starved conditions and PLIN1 is necessary for the starved induced lipid droplet localization of dHSL. Moreover, phenotypic analysis of plin1;plin2 double mutants revealed that PLIN1 and PLIN2 may have redundant functions in protecting lipid droplets from lipolysis. Therefore, the two Drosophila Perilipins have both opposite and redundant roles. Domain swapping and deletion analyses indicate that the C-terminal region of PLIN1 confers functional specificity on PLIN1. Our study highlights the complex roles of Drosophila Perilipins proteins and the evolutionarily conserved regulation of HSL translocation by Perilipins.
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Bratic A, Wredenberg A, Grönke S, Stewart JB, Mourier A, Ruzzenente B, Kukat C, Wibom R, Habermann B, Partridge L, Larsson NG. The bicoid stability factor controls polyadenylation and expression of specific mitochondrial mRNAs in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Genet 2011; 7:e1002324. [PMID: 22022283 PMCID: PMC3192837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bicoid stability factor (BSF) of Drosophila melanogaster has been reported to be present in the cytoplasm, where it stabilizes the maternally contributed bicoid mRNA and binds mRNAs expressed from early zygotic genes. BSF may also have other roles, as it is ubiquitously expressed and essential for survival of adult flies. We have performed immunofluorescence and cell fractionation analyses and show here that BSF is mainly a mitochondrial protein. We studied two independent RNAi knockdown fly lines and report that reduced BSF protein levels lead to a severe respiratory deficiency and delayed development at the late larvae stage. Ubiquitous knockdown of BSF results in a severe reduction of the polyadenylation tail lengths of specific mitochondrial mRNAs, accompanied by an enrichment of unprocessed polycistronic RNA intermediates. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in mRNA steady state levels, despite increased de novo transcription. Surprisingly, mitochondrial de novo translation is increased and abnormal mitochondrial translation products are present in knockdown flies, suggesting that BSF also has a role in coordinating the mitochondrial translation in addition to its role in mRNA maturation and stability. We thus report a novel function of BSF in flies and demonstrate that it has an important intra-mitochondrial role, which is essential for maintaining mtDNA gene expression and oxidative phosphorylation. The majority of the cellular energy currency ATP is formed in a tubular network, termed mitochondria, present within virtually all eukaryotic cells. The mitochondria are unique among cellular organelles in that they contain their own genome, which encodes critical proteins necessary for cellular energy production. However, the vast majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nucleus and imported into mitochondria. Gene expression thus needs to be coordinated between the two genomes to ensure efficient mitochondrial function and sufficient adaptation to different physiological demands. The regulation of the mitochondrial genome is poorly understood, with many of the basic regulators not yet being characterized. We used RNAi in the fruit fly to study the in vivo function of the bicoid stability factor (BSF), previously thought to be a cytoplasmic and nuclear protein important for fly development. We show here that BSF is mainly localized to mitochondria, where it is essential for mtDNA gene expression, regulating the polyadenylation and maturation of specific mRNAs. Furthermore, BSF coordinates the translation and assembly of mitochondrial peptides in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bratic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Wredenberg
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Arnaud Mourier
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Christian Kukat
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rolf Wibom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nils-Göran Larsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Mating rate is a major determinant of female lifespan and fitness, and is predicted to optimize at an intermediate level, beyond which superfluous matings are costly. In female Drosophila melanogaster, nutrition is a key regulator of mating rate but the underlying mechanism is unknown. The evolutionarily conserved insulin/insulin-like growth factor-like signalling (IIS) pathway is responsive to nutrition, and regulates development, metabolism, stress resistance, fecundity and lifespan. Here we show that inhibition of IIS, by ablation of Drosophila insulin-like peptide (DILP)-producing median neurosecretory cells, knockout of dilp2, dilp3 or dilp5 genes, expression of a dominant-negative DILP-receptor (InR) transgene or knockout of Lnk, results in reduced female remating rates. IIS-mediated regulation of female remating can occur independent of virgin receptivity, developmental defects, reduced body size or fecundity, and the receipt of the female receptivity-inhibiting male sex peptide. Our results provide a likely mechanism by which females match remating rates to the perceived nutritional environment. The findings suggest that longevity-mediating genes could often have pleiotropic effects on remating rate. However, overexpression of the IIS-regulated transcription factor dFOXO in the fat body-which extends lifespan-does not affect remating rate. Thus, long life and reduced remating are not obligatorily coupled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Wigby
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and , Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, UK.
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Grönke S, Clarke DF, Broughton S, Andrews TD, Partridge L. Molecular evolution and functional characterization of Drosophila insulin-like peptides. PLoS Genet 2010; 6:e1000857. [PMID: 20195512 PMCID: PMC2829060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 447] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicellular animals match costly activities, such as growth and reproduction, to the environment through nutrient-sensing pathways. The insulin/IGF signaling (IIS) pathway plays key roles in growth, metabolism, stress resistance, reproduction, and longevity in diverse organisms including mammals. Invertebrate genomes often contain multiple genes encoding insulin-like ligands, including seven Drosophila insulin-like peptides (DILPs). We investigated the evolution, diversification, redundancy, and functions of the DILPs, combining evolutionary analysis, based on the completed genome sequences of 12 Drosophila species, and functional analysis, based on newly-generated knock-out mutations for all 7 dilp genes in D. melanogaster. Diversification of the 7 DILPs preceded diversification of Drosophila species, with stable gene diversification and family membership, suggesting stabilising selection for gene function. Gene knock-outs demonstrated both synergy and compensation of expression between different DILPs, notably with DILP3 required for normal expression of DILPs 2 and 5 in brain neurosecretory cells and expression of DILP6 in the fat body compensating for loss of brain DILPs. Loss of DILP2 increased lifespan and loss of DILP6 reduced growth, while loss of DILP7 did not affect fertility, contrary to its proposed role as a Drosophila relaxin. Importantly, loss of DILPs produced in the brain greatly extended lifespan but only in the presence of the endosymbiontic bacterium Wolbachia, demonstrating a specific interaction between IIS and Wolbachia in lifespan regulation. Furthermore, loss of brain DILPs blocked the responses of lifespan and fecundity to dietary restriction (DR) and the DR response of these mutants suggests that IIS extends lifespan through mechanisms that both overlap with those of DR and through additional mechanisms that are independent of those at work in DR. Evolutionary conservation has thus been accompanied by synergy, redundancy, and functional differentiation between DILPs, and these features may themselves be of evolutionary advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Grönke
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David-Francis Clarke
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Broughton
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T. Daniel Andrews
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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50
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Grönke S, Müller G, Hirsch J, Fellert S, Andreou A, Haase T, Jäckle H, Kühnlein RP. Dual lipolytic control of body fat storage and mobilization in Drosophila. PLoS Biol 2007; 5:e137. [PMID: 17488184 PMCID: PMC1865564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0050137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2006] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy homeostasis is a fundamental property of animal life, providing a genetically fixed balance between fat storage and mobilization. The importance of body fat regulation is emphasized by dysfunctions resulting in obesity and lipodystrophy in humans. Packaging of storage fat in intracellular lipid droplets, and the various molecules and mechanisms guiding storage-fat mobilization, are conserved between mammals and insects. We generated a Drosophila mutant lacking the receptor (AKHR) of the adipokinetic hormone signaling pathway, an insect lipolytic pathway related to ß-adrenergic signaling in mammals. Combined genetic, physiological, and biochemical analyses provide in vivo evidence that AKHR is as important for chronic accumulation and acute mobilization of storage fat as is the Brummer lipase, the homolog of mammalian adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Simultaneous loss of Brummer and AKHR causes extreme obesity and blocks acute storage-fat mobilization in flies. Our data demonstrate that storage-fat mobilization in the fly is coordinated by two lipocatabolic systems, which are essential to adjust normal body fat content and ensure lifelong fat-storage homeostasis. The amount of body fat that an animal stores is a critical parameter for its survival. Although under-storage of fat creates risk during periods of famine, over-storage also impairs fitness—obesity in humans is associated with severe health threats, such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and cancer. A delicate balance between two antagonistic processes adjusts body fat storage: lipogenesis produces fat stores, and lipolysis mobilizes fat. It is unclear, however, how many regulatory systems orchestrate lipolysis in animals, whether these systems are evolutionarily conserved, and to what extent impaired lipolytic regulation contributes to excessive body fat accumulation. We show that in the fruit fly Drosophila, lipolysis is under dual control. Inactivation of either of the two control pathways generates flies with excessive fat accumulation and limited fat-mobilization capability. Mutant flies simultaneously lacking key genes of both lipolytic systems, however, are extremely obese and completely blocked in body fat mobilization even when fully food deprived. Interestingly, our study reveals that key components and regulatory mechanisms of lipolysis are evolutionarily conserved between insects and mammals, making the fruit fly a valuable model system for research on lipid metabolism. Simultaneous loss of the receptor for adipokinetic hormone and the Brummer triglyceride lipase causes extreme obesity and blocks acute storage fat mobilization in flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Grönke
- Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Günter Müller
- Therapeutic Department Metabolic Diseases, Sanofi-Aventis Pharma Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jochen Hirsch
- Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Fellert
- Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Andreou
- Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Haase
- Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert Jäckle
- Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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