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Minniti G, Paolini S, Antonelli M, Gianno F, Tini P, Lanzetta G, Arcella A, De Pietro R, Giraffa M, Capone L, Romano A, Bozzao A, Esposito V. Long-term treatment outcomes of temozolomide-based chemoradiation in patients with adult-type diffuse IDH-mutant grade 2 astrocytoma. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:331-339. [PMID: 37665475 PMCID: PMC10522719 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the long-term outcomes in adult patients with grade 2 IDH-mutant astrocytoma treated with temozolomide (TMZ)-based chemoradiation. METHODS One hundred and three patients with histologically proven grade 2 astrocytoma received radiation therapy (RT), 50.4-54 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions, and adjuvant TMZ up to 12 cycles. Fifty-two patients received RT at the time of tumor progression and 51 in the early postoperative period for the presence of at least one high-risk feature (age > 40 years, preoperative tumor size > 5 cm, large postoperative residual tumor, tumor crossing the midline, or presence of neurological symptoms). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated from the time of diagnosis. RESULTS With a median follow-up time of 9.0 years (range, 1.3-15 years), median PFS and OS times were 9 years (95%CI, 6.6-10.3) and 11.8 years (95%CI, 9.3-13.4), respectively. Median PFS was 10.6 years in the early treatment group and 6 years in delayed treatment group (hazard ratio (HR) 0.30; 95%CI 0.16-0.59; p = 0.0005); however, OS was not significantly different between groups (12.8 vs. 10.4 years; HR 0.64; 95%CI 0.33-1.25; p = 0.23). Extent of resection, KPS, and small residual disease were associated with OS, with postoperative tumor ≤ 1 cc that emerged as the strongest independent predictor (HR: 0.27; 95%CI 0.08-0.87; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS TMZ-based chemoradiation is associated with survival benefit in patients with grade 2 IDH-mutant astrocytoma. For this group of patients, chemoradiation can be deferred until time of progression in younger patients receiving extensive resection, while early treatment should be recommended in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Radiological Science, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Umberto I Hospital, University Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Sergio Paolini
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiological Science, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Umberto I Hospital, University Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gianno
- Department of Radiological Science, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Umberto I Hospital, University Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Tini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Raffaella De Pietro
- Department of Radiological Science, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Umberto I Hospital, University Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Giraffa
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, San Pietro Hospital FBF, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Capone
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, San Pietro Hospital FBF, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Romano
- Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bozzao
- Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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2
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Delle Donne R, Iannucci R, Rinaldi L, Roberto L, Oliva MA, Senatore E, Borzacchiello D, Lignitto L, Giurato G, Rizzo F, Sellitto A, Chiuso F, Castaldo S, Scala G, Campani V, Nele V, De Rosa G, D'Ambrosio C, Garbi C, Scaloni A, Weisz A, Ambrosino C, Arcella A, Feliciello A. Targeted inhibition of ubiquitin signaling reverses metabolic reprogramming and suppresses glioblastoma growth. Commun Biol 2022; 5:780. [PMID: 35918402 PMCID: PMC9345969 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive form of primary brain tumor in the adult population; its high recurrence rate and resistance to current therapeutics urgently demand a better therapy. Regulation of protein stability by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) represents an important control mechanism of cell growth. UPS deregulation is mechanistically linked to the development and progression of a variety of human cancers, including GBM. Thus, the UPS represents a potentially valuable target for GBM treatment. Using an integrated approach that includes proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolic profiling, we identify praja2, a RING E3 ubiquitin ligase, as the key component of a signaling network that regulates GBM cell growth and metabolism. Praja2 is preferentially expressed in primary GBM lesions expressing the wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 gene (IDH1). Mechanistically, we found that praja2 ubiquitylates and degrades the kinase suppressor of Ras 2 (KSR2). As a consequence, praja2 restrains the activity of downstream AMP-dependent protein kinase in GBM cells and attenuates the oxidative metabolism. Delivery in the brain of siRNA targeting praja2 by transferrin-targeted self-assembling nanoparticles (SANPs) prevented KSR2 degradation and inhibited GBM growth, reducing the size of the tumor and prolonging the survival rate of treated mice. These data identify praja2 as an essential regulator of cancer cell metabolism, and as a potential therapeutic target to suppress GBM growth. The E3 ubiquitin ligase praja2 is expressed in glioblastoma (GBM), targets the kinase suppressor of Ras 2 for degradation and attenuates oxidative metabolism. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of praja2 siRNA to GBM-bearing mice reduces tumour size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Delle Donne
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Iannucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Emanuela Senatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenica Borzacchiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Lignitto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry SMS, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry SMS, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Assunta Sellitto
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry SMS, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiuso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Scala
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Nele
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Chiara D'Ambrosio
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Corrado Garbi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry SMS, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Genome Research Center for Health, Campus of Medicine, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Biogem, Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy.,Department of Science and Technology University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Feliciello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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3
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Lavalle L, D'elia A, Arcella A, Esposito V, Tufo T. Atypical presentation of meningioangiomatosis: it can bleed! J Neurosurg Sci 2020; 63:749-753. [PMID: 31961119 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.18.04324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lavalle
- University of Siena, Department of Medical and Neurological Sciences - Neurosurgery, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro D'elia
- Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Neuromed INM, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy -
| | - Antonella Arcella
- Department of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Neuromed INM, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Neuromed INM, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Tufo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Agostino Gemelli Polyclinic, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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4
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Vega-Benedetti AF, Loi E, Moi L, Blois S, Fadda A, Antonelli M, Arcella A, Badiali M, Giangaspero F, Morra I, Columbano A, Restivo A, Zorcolo L, Gismondi V, Varesco L, Bellomo SE, Giordano S, Canale M, Casadei-Gardini A, Faloppi L, Puzzoni M, Scartozzi M, Ziranu P, Cabras G, Cocco P, Ennas MG, Satta G, Zucca M, Canzio D, Zavattari P. Clustered protocadherins methylation alterations in cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:100. [PMID: 31288858 PMCID: PMC6617643 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clustered protocadherins (PCDHs) map in tandem at human chromosome 5q31 and comprise three multi-genes clusters: α-, β- and γ-PCDH. The expression of this cluster consists of a complex mechanism involving DNA hub formation through DNA-CCTC binding factor (CTCF) interaction. Methylation alterations can affect this interaction, leading to transcriptional dysregulation. In cancer, clustered PCDHs undergo a mechanism of long-range epigenetic silencing by hypermethylation. Results In this study, we detected frequent methylation alterations at CpG islands associated to these clustered PCDHs in all the solid tumours analysed (colorectal, gastric and biliary tract cancers, pilocytic astrocytoma), but not hematologic neoplasms such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Importantly, several altered CpG islands were associated with CTCF binding sites. Interestingly, our analysis revealed a hypomethylation event in pilocytic astrocytoma, suggesting that in neuronal tissue, where PCDHs are highly expressed, these genes become hypomethylated in this type of cancer. On the other hand, in tissues where PCDHs are lowly expressed, these CpG islands are targeted by DNA methylation. In fact, PCDH-associated CpG islands resulted hypermethylated in gastrointestinal tumours. Conclusions Our study highlighted a strong alteration of the clustered PCDHs methylation pattern in the analysed solid cancers and suggested these methylation aberrations in the CpG islands associated with PCDH genes as powerful diagnostic biomarkers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0695-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonora Loi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Loredana Moi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sylvain Blois
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Fadda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Badiali
- Genetic and Genomic Laboratory, Microcitemico Children's Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Isabella Morra
- Department of Pathology OIRM-S, Anna Hospital, A.O.U. City of Health and Science, Turin, Italy
| | - Amedeo Columbano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angelo Restivo
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Surgery Center, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Zorcolo
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Surgery Center, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Viviana Gismondi
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Liliana Varesco
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Giordano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Matteo Canale
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Division of Medical Oncology, Policlinico di Modena Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Faloppi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit, Macerata General Hospital, ASUR Marche AV3, Macerata, Italy
| | - Marco Puzzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pina Ziranu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Pierluigi Cocco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Occupational Health Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ennas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cytomorphology Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giannina Satta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Occupational Health Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Zucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cytomorphology Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniele Canzio
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Patrizia Zavattari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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5
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Galuppini F, Opocher E, Tabori U, Mammi I, Edwards M, Campbell B, Kelly J, Viel A, Quaia M, Rivieri F, D'Avella D, Arcella A, Giangaspero F, Fassan M, Gardiman MP. Concomitant IDH wild-type glioblastoma and IDH1-mutant anaplastic astrocytoma in a patient with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2019; 44:233-239. [PMID: 29130549 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Galuppini
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - E Opocher
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health, University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - U Tabori
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - I Mammi
- Center for the Study of Hereditary Colorectal Cancers, Venetian Oncology Institute, Padua, Italy
| | - M Edwards
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B Campbell
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Kelly
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Viel
- Funcional Onco-Genomics and Genetics, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - M Quaia
- Funcional Onco-Genomics and Genetics, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - F Rivieri
- Medical Genetic Service, Departmen t of Laboratory, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - D D'Avella
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences (DNS), Padua University, Padua, Italy
| | | | - F Giangaspero
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Anatomo-Pathological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M P Gardiman
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
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6
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Antonelli M, Fadda A, Loi E, Moi L, Zavattari C, Sulas P, Gentilini D, Cameli C, Bacchelli E, Badiali M, Arcella A, Morra I, Giangaspero F, Zavattari P. Integrated DNA methylation analysis identifies topographical and tumoral biomarkers in pilocytic astrocytomas. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13807-13821. [PMID: 29568396 PMCID: PMC5862617 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common glioma in pediatric patients and occurs in different locations. Chromosomal alterations are mostly located at chromosome 7q34 comprising the BRAF oncogene with consequent activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Although genetic and epigenetic alterations characterizing PA from different localizations have been reported, the role of epigenetic alterations in PA development is still not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether distinctive methylation patterns may define biologically relevant groups of PAs. Integrated DNA methylation analysis was performed on 20 PAs and 4 normal brain samples by Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadChips. We identified distinct methylation profiles characterizing PAs from different locations (infratentorial vs supratentorial) and tumors with onset before and after 3 years of age. These results suggest that PA may be related to the specific brain site where the tumor arises from region-specific cells of origin. We identified and validated in silico the methylation alterations of some CpG islands. Furthermore, we evaluated the expression levels of selected differentially methylated genes and identified two biomarkers, one, IRX2, related to the tumor localization and the other, TOX2, as tumoral biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Fadda
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Loi
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Loredana Moi
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Microcitemico Children's Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Pia Sulas
- Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Cameli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Bacchelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Badiali
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Microcitemico Children's Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Morra
- Department of Pathology OIRM-S, Anna Hospital, A.O.U. City of Health and Science, Turin, Italy
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zavattari
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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7
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De Divitiis C, von Arx C, Grimaldi AM, Cicala D, Tatangelo F, Arcella A, Romano GM, Simeone E, Iaffaioli RV, Ascierto PA, Tafuto S. Metronomic temozolomide as second line treatment for metastatic poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma. J Transl Med 2016; 14:113. [PMID: 27142424 PMCID: PMC4855772 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NEN) are a group of heterogeneous malignancies derived from neuroendocrine cell compartment, with different roles in both endocrine and nervous system. Most NETs have gastroentero-pancreatic (GEP) origin, arising in the foregut, midgut, or hindgut. The 2010 WHO classification divides GEP-NETs into two main subgroups, neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), according with Ki-67 levels. NET are tumors with low (<20 %) Ki-67 value, and NECs, including small cell lung carcinomas and Merkel Cell carcinomas, are all NETs with high Ki-67 levels (>20 %–G3). Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) are usually treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens. Here we present a case of a patient with pancreatic NEC progressing after cisplatin and etoposide, treated with temozolomide as palliative, second line treatment. According with the poor Performance Status (PS = 2) and to reduce the toxicity of the treatment was chosen an intermittent dosing regimen of metronomic temozolomide (75 mg/m2/day—one-week-on/on-week-off). MGMT resulted methylated. On July 2014 the patient started the treatment. On August 2014 the patient obtained a significant clinical benefit (PS = 0) and the total body CT scan performed on October 2014 showed a RECIST partial response on all the sites of disease. No drug-related side effects were reported by the patient. After 18 months of therapy the treatment continues without significant toxicity, and with further remission of the metastases. Treatment with metronomic “one-week-on/on-week-off” Temozolomide can be considered a good treatment option in patients with poor performance status, affected by pNEC with MGMT methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C De Divitiis
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - C von Arx
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A M Grimaldi
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy, and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - D Cicala
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - F Tatangelo
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - A Arcella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, Pozzilli-Isernia, Italy
| | - G M Romano
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - E Simeone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy, and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - R V Iaffaioli
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - P A Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy, and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - S Tafuto
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
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8
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Baldi C, Antonelli M, Badiali M, Buttarelli FR, Moi L, Nozza P, Arcella A, Massimino M, Sanson M, Giangaspero F. P05.02 * KIAA1549:BRAF FUSION GENE IN PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS OF VARIOUS HISTOGENESIS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou174.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Miele E, Buttarelli FR, Arcella A, Begalli F, Garg N, Silvano M, Po A, Baldi C, Carissimo G, Antonelli M, Spinelli GP, Capalbo C, Donofrio V, Morra I, Nozza P, Gulino A, Giangaspero F, Ferretti E. High-throughput microRNA profiling of pediatric high-grade gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2013; 16:228-40. [PMID: 24305714 PMCID: PMC3895388 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-grade gliomas (HGGs) account for 15% of all pediatric brain tumors and are a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity. Pediatric HGGs (pHGGs) are histologically indistinguishable from their counterpart in adulthood. However, recent investigations indicate that differences occur at the molecular level, thus suggesting that the molecular path to gliomagenesis in childhood is distinct from that of adults. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as key molecules in gene expression regulation, both in development and in cancer. miRNAs have been investigated in adult high-grade gliomas (aHGGs), but scant information is available for pHGGs. METHODS We explored the differences in microRNAs between pHGG and aHGG, in both fresh-frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue, by high-throughput miRNA profiling. We also evaluated the biological effects of miR-17-92 cluster silencing on a pHGG cell line. RESULTS Comparison of miRNA expression patterns in formalin versus frozen specimens resulted in high correlation between both types of samples. The analysis of miRNA profiling revealed a specific microRNA pattern in pHGG with an overexpression and a proliferative role of the miR-17-92 cluster. Moreover, we highlighted a possible quenching function of miR-17-92 cluster on its target gene PTEN, together with an activation of tumorigenic signaling such as sonic hedgehog in pHGG. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that microRNA profiling represents a tool to distinguishing pediatric from adult HGG and that miR-17-92 cluster sustains pHGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Miele
- Corresponding author: Elisabetta Ferretti, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Viale Regina Elena, 291 - 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Minniti G, Arcella A, Scaringi C, Lanzetta G, Di Stefano D, Scarpino S, Pace A, Giangaspero F, Osti MF, Enrici RM. Chemoradiation for anaplastic oligodendrogliomas: clinical outcomes and prognostic value of molecular markers. J Neurooncol 2013; 116:275-82. [PMID: 24162810 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-013-1288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Combination of procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine (PCV) with radiation therapy (RT) has been associated with longer survival in patients with anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (AOA), especially in those with chromosome 1p/19q codeletion. We report a multicenter retrospective study of 84 consecutive adult patients with AO and AOA treated with RT plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) between February 2004 and January 2011. Correlations between chromosome 1p/19q codeletion, isocitrate dehydrogenase1 (IDH1) mutation, and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation with survival outcomes have been analyzed. For all 84 patients the median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival rates were 55.6 and 45.2 months, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicity occurred in 17 % of patients. Chromosome 1p/19q codeletion was detected in 57 %, IDH1 mutation in 63 %, and MGMT promoter methylation in 74 % of evaluable patients. In multivariate analysis the presence of chromosome 1p/19q codeletion was associated with significant survival benefit (median OS 34 months in noncodeleted tumors and not reached in codeleted tumors; HR 0.16, 95 % CI 0.03-0.45; P = 0.005). IDH1 mutation was also of prognostic significance for longer survival (P = 0.001; HR 0.20, 95 % 0.06-0.41), whereas MGMT promoter methylation was only of borderline significance. The study indicates that RT with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ is a relatively safe treatment associated with longer survival in patients with 1p/19q codeleted and IDH1 mutated tumors. Results from ongoing randomized studies will be essential to clarify if RT plus TMZ may provide survival as good as or better than RT combined with PCV for patients with AO and AOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy,
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Kim JH, Song HB, Kim DH, Park KD, Kim JH, Kim JH, Lee BJ, Kim DH, Kim JH, Khatua S, Kalkan E, Brown R, Pearlman M, Vats T, Abela L, Fiaschetti G, Shalaby T, Grunder E, Ma M, Grahlert J, Baumgartner M, Siler U, Nonoguchi N, Ohgaki H, Grotzer M, Adachi JI, Suzuki T, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Mishima K, Koga T, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Sardi I, Giunti L, Bresci C, Cardellicchio S, Da Ros M, Buccoliero AM, Farina S, Arico M, Genitori L, Massimino M, Filippi L, Erdreich-Epstein A, Zhou H, Ren X, Schur M, Davidson TB, Ji L, Sposto R, Asgharzadeh S, Tong Y, White E, Murugesan M, Nimmervoll B, Wang M, Marino D, Ellison D, Finkelstein D, Pounds S, Malkin D, Gilbertson R, Eden C, Ju B, Murugesan M, Phoenix T, Poppleton H, Lessman C, Taylor M, Gilbertson R, Sardi I, la Marca G, Cardellicchio S, Da Ros M, Malvagia S, Giunti L, Fratoni V, Farina S, Arico M, Genitori L, Massimino M, Giovannini MG, Giangaspero F, Badiali M, Gleize V, Paris S, Moi L, Elhouadani S, Arcella A, Morace R, Antonelli M, Buttarelli F, Mokhtari K, Sanson M, Smith S, Ward J, Wilson M, Rahman C, Rose F, Peet A, Macarthur D, Grundy R, Rahman R, Venkatraman S, Birks D, Balakrishnan I, Alimova I, Harris P, Patel P, Foreman N, Vibhakar R, Wu H, Zhou Q, Wang D, Wang G, Dang D, Pencreach E, Nguyen A, Guerin E, Lasthaus C, Guenot D, Entz-Werle N, Unland R, Schlosser S, Farwick N, Plagemann T, Richter G, Juergens H, Fruehwald M, Chien CL, Lee YH, Lin CI, Hsieh JY, Lin SC, Wong TT, Ho DMT, Wang HW, Lagah S, Tan IL, Malcolm S, Grundy R, Rahman R, Majani Y, Smith S, Grundy R, Rahman R, van Vuurden DG, Aronica E, Wedekind LE, Hulleman E, Biesmans D, Bugiani M, Vandertop WP, Kaspers GJL, Wurdinger T, Noske DP, Van der Stoop PM, van Vuurden DG, Shukla S, Wedekind LE, Kuipers GK, Hulleman E, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Vandertop WP, Slotman BJ, Kaspers GJL, Cloos J, Sun T, Warrington N, Luo J, Ganzhorn S, Tabori U, Druley T, Gutmann D, Rubin J, Castelo-Branco P, Choufani S, Mack S, Galagher D, Zhang C, Lipman T, Zhukova N, Martin D, Merino D, Wasserman J, Samuel C, Alon N, Hitzler J, Wang JCY, Malkin D, Keller G, Dirks PB, Pfister S, Taylor MD, Weksberg R, Tabori U, Leblond P, Meignan S, Dewitte A, Le Tinier F, Wattez N, Lartigau E, Lansiaux A, Hanson R, Gordon I, Zhao S, Camphausen K, Warren K, Warrington NM, Sun T, Gutmann DH, Rubin JB, Nguyen A, Lasthaus C, Jaillet M, Pencreach E, Guerin E, Guenot D, Entz-Werle N, Kovacs Z, Martin-Fiori E, Shalaby T, Grotzer M, Bernasconi M, Werner B, Dyberg C, Baryawno N, Milosevic J, Wickstrom M, Northcott PA, Taylor MD, Kool M, Kogner P, Johnsen JI, Wilson M, Reynolds G, Davies N, Arvanitis T, Peet A, Zoghbi A, Meisterernst M, Fruehwald MC, Kerl K, Orr B, Haffner M, Nelson W, Yegnasubramanian S, Eberhart C, Fotovati A, Abu-Ali S, Wang PS, Deleyrolle L, Lee C, Triscott J, Chen J, Franciosi S, Nakamura Y, Sugita Y, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Leavitt B, Singh S, Jury A, Jones C, Wakimoto H, Reynolds B, Pallen C, Dunn S, Fletcher S, Levine J, Li M, Kagawa N, Hirayama R, Chiba Y, Kijima N, Arita H, Kinoshita M, Hashimoto N, Izumoto S, Maruno M, Yoshimine T. BIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:i7-i15. [PMCID: PMC3483341 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
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Leonard A, Wolff J, Sengupta R, Marassa J, Piwnica-Worms D, Rubin J, Pollack I, Jakacki R, Butterfield L, Okada H, Fangusaro J, Warren KE, Mullins C, Jurgen P, Julia S, Friedrich CC, Keir S, Saling J, Roskoski M, Friedman H, Bigner D, Moertel C, Olin M, Dahlheimer T, Gustafson M, Sumstad D, McKenna D, Low W, Nascene D, Dietz A, Ohlfest J, Sturm D, Witt H, Hovestadt V, Quan DAK, Jones DTW, Konermann C, Pfaff E, Korshunov A, Rizhova M, Milde T, Witt O, Zapatka M, Collins VP, Kool M, Reifenberger G, Lichter P, Lindroth AM, Plass C, Jabado N, Pfister SM, Pizer B, Salehzadeh A, Brodbelt A, Mallucci C, Brassesco M, Pezuk J, Morales A, de Oliveira J, Roberto G, Umezawa K, Valera E, Rego E, Scrideli C, Tone L, Veringa SJE, Van Vuurden DG, Wesseling P, Vandertop WP, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E, Wright K, Broniscer A, Bendel A, Bowers D, Crawford J, Fisher P, Hassall T, Armstrong G, Baker J, Qaddoumi I, Robinson G, Wetmore C, Klimo P, Boop F, Onar-Thomas A, Ellison D, Gajjar A, Cruz O, de Torres C, Sunol M, Rodriguez E, Alonso L, Parareda A, Cardesa T, Salvador H, Celis V, Guillen A, Garcia G, Muchart J, Trampal C, Martin ML, Rebollo M, Mora J, Piotrowski A, Kowalska A, Coyle P, Smith S, Rogers H, Macarthur D, Grundy R, Puccetti D, Salamat S, Kennedy T, Fangusaro J, Patel N, Bradley K, Casey K, Iskandar B, Nakano Y, Okada K, Osugi Y, Yamasaki K, Fujisaki H, Fukushima H, Inoue T, Matsusaka Y, Sakamoto H, Hara J, De Vleeschouwer S, Ardon H, Van Calenbergh F, Sciot R, Wilms G, Van Loon J, Goffin J, Van Gool S, Puccetti D, Salamat S, Rusinak D, Patel N, Bradley K, Casey K, Knight P, Onel K, Wargowski D, Stettner A, Iskandar B, Al-Ghafari A, Punjaruk W, Coyle B, Kerr I, Xipell E, Rodriguez M, Gonzalez-Huarriz M, Tunon MT, Zazpe I, Tejada-Solis S, Diez-Valle R, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C, Alonso MM, Pastakia D, McCully C, Murphy R, Bacher J, Thomas M, Steffen-Smith E, Saleem K, Waldbridge S, Widemann B, Warren K, Miele E, Buttarelli F, Arcella A, Begalli F, Po A, Baldi C, Carissimo G, Antonelli M, Donofrio V, Morra I, Nozza P, Gulino A, Giangaspero F, Ferretti E, Elens I, De Vleeschouwer S, Pauwels F, Van Gool S, Fritzell S, Eberstal S, Sanden E, Visse E, Darabi A, Siesjo P, McDonald P, Wrogemann J, Krawitz S, Del Bigio M, Eisenstat D, Wolff J, Kwiecien R, Pietsch T, Faldum A, Kortmann RD, Warmuth-Metz M, Rutkowski S, Slavc I, Kramm CM, Uparkar U, Geyer R, Ermoian R, Ellenbogen R, Leary S, Triscott J, Hu K, Fotovati A, Yip S, Kast R, Toyota B, Dunn S, Hegde M, Corder A, Chow K, Mukherjee M, Ashoori A, Brawley V, Heslop H, Gottschalk S, Yvon E, Ahmed N, Wong TT, Yang FY, Lu M, Liang HF, Wang HE, Liu RS, Teng MC, Yen CC, Agnihotri S, Ternamian C, Jones C, Zadeh G, Rutka J, Hawkins C, Filipek I, Drogosiewicz M, Perek-Polnik M, Swieszkowska E, Baginska BD, Jurkiewicz E, Perek D, Kuehn A, Falkenstein F, Wolff J, Kwiecien R, Pietsch T, Gnekow A, Kramm C, Brooks MD, Jackson E, Piwnica-Worms D, Mitra RD, Rubin JB, Liu XY, Korshunov A, Schwartzentruber J, Jones DTW, Pfaff E, Sturm D, Fontebasso AM, Quang DAK, Albrecht S, Kool M, Dong Z, Siegel P, Von Diemling A, Faury D, Tabori U, Lichter P, Plass C, Majewski J, Pfister SM, Jabado N, Lulla R, Echevarria M, Alden T, DiPatri A, Tomita T, Goldman S, Fangusaro J, Qaddoumi I, Lin T, Merchant TE, Kocak M, Panandiker AP, Armstrong GT, Wetmore C, Gajjar A, Broniscer A, Gielen GH, Muehlen AZ, Kramm C, Pietsch T, Hubert C, Ding Y, Toledo C, Paddison P, Olson J, Nandhabalan M, Bjerke L, Bax D, Carvalho D, Bajrami I, Ashworth A, Lord C, Hargrave D, Reis R, Workman P, Jones C, Little S, Popov S, Jury A, Burford A, Doey L, Al-Sarraj S, Jurgensmeier J, Jones C, Carvalho D, Bjerke L, Bax D, Chen L, Kozarewa I, Baker S, Grundy R, Ashworth A, Lord C, Hargrave D, Reis R, Jones C, Bjerke L, Perryman L, Burford A, Bax D, Jury A, Popov S, Box G, Raynaud F, Hargrave D, Eccles S, Jones C, Viana-Pereira M, Pereira M, Burford A, Jury A, Popov S, Perryman L, Bax D, Forshew T, Tatevossian R, Sheer D, Pimental J, Pires M, Reis R, Jones C, Sarkar C, Jha P, Patrick IRP, Somasundaram K, Pathak P, Sharma MC, Suri V, Suri A, Gerges N, Haque T, Nantel A, Faury D, Jabado N, Lee C, Fotovati A, Triscott J, Chen J, Venugopal C, Singhal A, Dunham C, Kerr J, Verreault M, Yip S, Wakimoto H, Jones C, Jayanthan A, Narendran A, Singh S, Dunn S, Giraud G, Holm S, Gustavsson B, Van Gool S, Kizyma R, Kizyma Z, Dvornyak L, Kotsay B, Epari S, Sharma P, Gurav M, Gupta T, Shetty P, Moiyadi A, Kane S, Jalali R. HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:i56-i68. [PMCID: PMC3483348 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
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Marongiu A, Salvati M, D'Elia A, Arcella A, Giangaspero F, Esposito V. Single brain metastases from cervical carcinoma: report of two cases and critical review of the literature. Neurol Sci 2011; 33:937-40. [PMID: 22113230 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-011-0861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Single brain metastases from cervical carcinomas are rare. We report two cases of solitary brain metastases, showing different histological types, which have been excised with microsurgical technique. Neuroendocrine differentiation does not seem to be connected to clinical behavior, indeed a poor prognosis depends on poorly differentiated histological types. In our cases, brain metastases were a late event and they have been successfully excised in microsurgery, thanks to their solitary and resectable nature, and a well-controlled primary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marongiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, INM Neuromed IRCCS, Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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Minniti G, Lanzetta G, Scaringi C, Caporello P, Salvati M, Arcella A, De Sanctis V, Giangaspero F, Enrici RM. Phase II study of short-course radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide in elderly patients with glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011; 83:93-9. [PMID: 22079725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy may prolong survival in older patients (age ≥70 years) with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), although the survival benefits remain poor. This Phase II multicenter study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an abbreviated course of RT plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) in older patients with GBM. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-one eligible patients 70 years of age or older with newly diagnosed GBM and a Karnofsky performance status ≥60 were treated with a short course of RT (40 Gy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks) plus TMZ at the dosage of 75 mg/m(2) per day followed by 12 cycles of adjuvant TMZ (150-200 mg/m(2) for 5 days during each 28-day cycle). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival and toxicity. RESULTS The Median OS was 12.4 months, and the 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 58% and 20%, respectively. The median and 1-year rates of progression-free survival were 6 months and 20%, respectively. All patients completed the planned programme of RT. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 16 patients (22%). Grade 3 and 4 neutropenia and/or thrombocytopenia occurred in 10 patients (15%), leading to the interruption of treatment in 6 patients (8%). Nonhematologic Grade 3 toxicity was rare, and included fatigue in 4 patients and cognitive disability in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS A combination of an abbreviated course of RT plus concomitant and adjuvant TMZ is well tolerated and may prolong survival in elderly patients with GBM. Future randomized studies need to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of different schedules of RT in association with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant' Andrea Hospital, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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Antonelli M, Hasselblatt M, Haberler C, Di Giannatale A, Garrè ML, Donofrio V, Lauriola L, Ridola V, Arcella A, Frühwald M, Giangaspero F. Claudin-6 is of limited sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors. Brain Pathol 2011; 21:558-63. [PMID: 21261775 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent gene expression microarray analyses have indicated that claudin-6 is specifically expressed in atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs), suggesting a role as a positive diagnostic marker in addition to SMARCB1 (INI1) loss, which is encountered in the majority of AT/RTs. In order to investigate the potential of claudin-6 as a diagnostic marker, expression was investigated in 59 AT/RTs and 60 other primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors, including primitive neuroectodermal tumors, medulloblastomas, choroid plexus tumors, and both pediatric and adult low- and high-grade gliomas using immunohistochemistry. Claudin-6 was expressed in 17/59 AT/RTs (29%), but also in a variety of other primary CNS tumors, including 60% of medulloblastomas and 21% of malignant gliomas. Even though high staining scores (2+ or 3+) were more often encountered in AT/RTs (Chi-square 4.177; P=0.041), the overall frequency of claudin-6 staining was not significantly higher in AT/RTs as compared with the other tumors (17/59 vs. 16/60; Chi-square=0.328; P=0.567). In a subgroup of 43 AT/RT patients, of which follow-up data were available, claudin-6 expression did not show any correlation with survival. In conclusion, claudin-6 immunohistochemistry is of limited sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of AT/RT and does not correlate with clinical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic-pathology Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Minniti G, Salvati M, Arcella A, Buttarelli F, D’Elia A, Lanzetta G, Esposito V, Scarpino S, Maurizi Enrici R, Giangaspero F. Correlation between O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and survival in elderly patients with glioblastoma treated with radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. J Neurooncol 2010; 102:311-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0324-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Buttarelli FR, Massimino M, Antonelli M, Lauriola L, Nozza P, Donofrio V, Arcella A, Oliva MA, Di Rocco C, Giangaspero F. Evaluation status and prognostic significance of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation in pediatric high grade gliomas. Childs Nerv Syst 2010; 26:1051-6. [PMID: 20552207 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-010-1191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we investigated the prognostic and predictive value of MGMT promoter methylation and protein expression in 30 pediatric high grade gliomas (pHGG). METHODS MGMT promoter methylation was assayed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), whereas MGMT protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS MGMT promoter methylation was observed in 7/24 (30%) cases, whereas MGMT protein overexpression was found in 19/28 (68%) cases with similar distribution in grade III and grade IV gliomas. Median survival of methylated and unmethylated patients was 16 and 8 months, respectively. Moreover, overall survival and progression-free survival showed a trend toward reduction in patients with unmethylation (p = 0.9 and p = 0.7, respectively). For MGMT protein expression, the median survival was 8.5 and 17 months for patients with MGMT overexpression or low expression, respectively. Although these two groups did not show statistically significant differences in terms of overall survival or progression-free survival (p = 0.8 and p = 0.7, respectively), there was a significant correlation between MGMT protein expression and MGMT promoter methylation status (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that, in pHGG, (a) MGMT promoter methylation is less frequent than in adult malignant gliomas, (b) there is a high correlation between MGMT MSP and MGMT IHC, and (c) as in adults, MGMT status is associated with prognosis, although this observation has to be statistically validated on larger series of patients.
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Nabissi M, Morelli MB, Amantini C, Farfariello V, Ricci-Vitiani L, Caprodossi S, Arcella A, Santoni M, Giangaspero F, De Maria R, Santoni G. TRPV2 channel negatively controls glioma cell proliferation and resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis in ERK-dependent manner. Carcinogenesis 2010; 31:794-803. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Barresi V, Buttarelli FR, Vitarelli EE, Arcella A, Antonelli M, Giangaspero F. Caveolin-1 expression in diffuse gliomas: correlation with the proliferation index, epidermal growth factor receptor, p53, and 1p/19q status. Hum Pathol 2009; 40:1738-46. [PMID: 19716156 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (cav-1) has been proposed as an immunohistochemical marker able to distinguish astroglial from oligodendroglial tumors. In addition, it has been suggested that the reduction of caveolin-1 expression in glioblastoma cells increases their proliferative and invasive potential. Accordingly, the present study investigates caveolin-1 immunoexpression and correlation with the 1p/19q status, histologic grade, proliferation index, epidermal growth factor receptor, and p53 expression in a series of 73 diffuse gliomas. A membranous and cytoplasmic immunolabeling for caveolin-1 was detected in neoplastic cells of 60% of cases. No significant differences in terms of caveolin-1 expression were observed between astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and oligoastrocytomas. In addition, caveolin-1 expression was not correlated with 1p/19q status in oligodendrogliomas and mixed oligoastrocytomas. Caveolin-1 was expressed in most high-grade (World Health Organization III and IV) gliomas. Low caveolin-1 expression correlated with a higher Ki-67 labeling index and the absence of p53 overexpression in glioblastomas, and it was significantly associated with epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression in anaplastic astrocytomas. In conclusion, the present study indicates that caveolin-1 is not useful as diagnostic marker to differentiate grade II astrocytomas from oligodendrogliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Barresi
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Roseti C, Martinello K, Fucile S, Piccari V, Mascia A, Di Gennaro G, Quarato PP, Manfredi M, Esposito V, Cantore G, Arcella A, Simonato M, Fredholm BB, Limatola C, Miledi R, Eusebi F. Adenosine receptor antagonists alter the stability of human epileptic GABAA receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:15118-23. [PMID: 18809912 PMCID: PMC2567502 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0807277105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined how the endogenous anticonvulsant adenosine might influence gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor stability and which adenosine receptors (ARs) were involved. Upon repetitive activation (GABA 500 microM), GABA(A) receptors, microtransplanted into Xenopus oocytes from neurosurgically resected epileptic human nervous tissues, exhibited an obvious GABA(A)-current (I(GABA)) run-down, which was consistently and significantly reduced by treatment with the nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist CGS15943 (100 nM) or with adenosine deaminase (ADA) (1 units/ml), that inactivates adenosine. It was also found that selective antagonists of A2B (MRS1706, 10 nM) or A3 (MRS1334, 30 nM) receptors reduced I(GABA) run-down, whereas treatment with the specific A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX (10 nM) was ineffective. The selective A2A receptor antagonist SCH58261 (10 nM) reduced or potentiated I(GABA) run-down in approximately 40% and approximately 20% of tested oocytes, respectively. The ADA-resistant, AR agonist 2-chloroadenosine (2-CA) (10 microM) potentiated I(GABA) run-down but only in approximately 20% of tested oocytes. CGS15943 administration again decreased I(GABA) run-down in patch-clamped neurons from either human or rat neocortex slices. I(GABA) run-down in pyramidal neurons was equivalent in A1 receptor-deficient and wt neurons but much larger in neurons from A2A receptor-deficient mice, indicating that, in mouse cortex, GABA(A)-receptor stability is tonically influenced by A2A but not by A1 receptors. I(GABA) run-down from wt mice was not affected by 2-CA, suggesting maximal ARs activity by endogenous adenosine. Our findings strongly suggest that cortical A2-A3 receptors alter the stability of GABA(A) receptors, which could offer therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Roseti
- *Istituto Pasteur–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza di Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Fucile
- *Istituto Pasteur–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza di Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed I.R.C.C.S., Via Atinese 18, I-86077 Isernia, Italy
| | - Vanessa Piccari
- *Istituto Pasteur–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza di Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed I.R.C.C.S., Via Atinese 18, I-86077 Isernia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mario Manfredi
- Neuromed I.R.C.C.S., Via Atinese 18, I-86077 Isernia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Michele Simonato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Neuroscience Center, University of Ferrara and National Institute of Neuroscience, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bertil B. Fredholm
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristina Limatola
- *Istituto Pasteur–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza di Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed I.R.C.C.S., Via Atinese 18, I-86077 Isernia, Italy
| | - Ricardo Miledi
- **Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP1-1141 Querétaro, Mexico; and
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4550
| | - Fabrizio Eusebi
- *Istituto Pasteur–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza di Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed I.R.C.C.S., Via Atinese 18, I-86077 Isernia, Italy
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Ciceroni C, Arcella A, Mosillo P, Battaglia G, Mastrantoni E, Oliva MA, Carpinelli G, Santoro F, Sale P, Ricci-Vitiani L, De Maria R, Pallini R, Giangaspero F, Nicoletti F, Melchiorri D. Type-3 metabotropic glutamate receptors negatively modulate bone morphogenetic protein receptor signaling and support the tumourigenic potential of glioma-initiating cells. Neuropharmacology 2008; 55:568-76. [PMID: 18621067 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeted-therapies enhancing differentiation of glioma-initiating cells (GICs) are potential innovative approaches to the treatment of malignant gliomas. These cells support tumour growth and recurrence and are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We have found that GICs express mGlu3 metabotropic glutamate receptors. Activation of these receptors sustained the undifferentiated state of GICs in culture by negatively modulating the action of bone morphogenetic proteins, which physiologically signal through the phosphorylation of the transcription factors, Smads. The cross-talk between mGlu3 receptors and BMP receptors was mediated by the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Remarkably, pharmacological blockade of mGlu3 receptors stimulated the differentiation of cultured GICs into astrocytes, an effect that appeared to be long lasting, independent of the growth conditions, and irreversible. In in vivo experiments, a 3-month treatment with the brain-permeant mGlu receptor antagonist, LY341495 limited the growth of infiltrating brain tumours originating from GICs implanted into the brain parenchyma of nude mice. While clusters of tumour cells were consistently found in the brain of control mice, they were virtually absent in a large proportion of mice treated with LY341495. These findings pave the way to a new non-cytotoxic treatment of malignant gliomas based on the use of mGlu3 receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ciceroni
- I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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22
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Salaroli R, Russo A, Ceccarelli C, Mina GD, Arcella A, Martinelli GN, Giangaspero F, Capranico G, Cenacchi G. Intracellular distribution of beta-catenin in human medulloblastoma cell lines with different degree of neuronal differentiation. Ultrastruct Pathol 2007; 31:33-44. [PMID: 17455096 DOI: 10.1080/01913120601169501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Gene mutations impairing the functions of the WNT signaling transduction pathway have been found in approximately 15% of human sporadic medulloblastomas. To understand the functional role of the WNT pathway in medulloblastoma, we have investigated the intracellular distribution of beta-catenin in a series of 17 human medulloblastomas to correlate such expression with neuronal differentiation and in cultured cell models following functional silencing of the APC gene by small-interference RNA (siRNA). Transient siRNA transfection resulted in a 50% reduction of the APC gene product levels in both DAOY and D283MED cell lines. In the former, less-differentiated cell line, beta-catenin levels remained unchanged or were slightly reduced, but beta-catenin translocated in the nucleus following APC gene siRNA silencing. In contrast, in the more differentiated D283MED cells, beta-catenin levels increased about twofold while mainly maintaining the cytoplasmic and cell membrane localization. Cytoplasmic/nuclear localization of beta-catenin was present in 12 of 17 cases of medulloblastoma with a prevalent distribution in the classic, 6/7 cases, and large cell/anaplastic variant, 4/4 cases. The nodular/desmoplastic lesions showed strongly positivity in the cell membrane mainly of intranodular cells with advanced neuronal differentiation. These observations support an important functional role of WNT/beta-catenin pathway in neuronal differentiation in medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Salaroli
- Clinical Department of Radiological and Histopathological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Amantini C, Mosca M, Nabissi M, Lucciarini R, Caprodossi S, Arcella A, Giangaspero F, Santoni G. Capsaicin-induced apoptosis of glioma cells is mediated by TRPV1 vanilloid receptor and requires p38 MAPK activation. J Neurochem 2007; 102:977-90. [PMID: 17442041 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We provide evidence on the expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) by glioma cells, and its involvement in capsaicin (CPS)-induced apoptosis. TRPV1 mRNA was identified by quantitative RT-PCR in U373, U87, FC1 and FLS glioma cells, with U373 cells showing higher, and U87, FC1 and FLS cells lower TRPV1 expression as compared with normal human astrocytes. By flow cytometry we found that a substantial portion of both normal human astrocytes, and U87 and U373 glioma cells express TRPV1 protein. Moreover, we analyzed the expression of TRPV1 at mRNA and protein levels of glioma tissues with different grades. We found that TRPV1 gene and protein expression inversely correlated with glioma grading, with marked loss of TRPV1 expression in the majority of grade IV glioblastoma multiforme. We also described that CPS trigger apoptosis of U373, but not U87 cells. CPS-induced apoptosis involved Ca(2+) influx, p38 but not extracellular signal-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, phosphatidylserine exposure, mitochondrial permeability transmembrane pore opening and mitochondrial transmembrane potential dissipation, caspase 3 activation and oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. TRPV1 was functionally implicated in these events as they were markedly inhibited by the TRPV1 antagonist, capsazepine. Finally, p38 but not extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase activation was required for TRPV1-mediated CPS-induced apoptosis of glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Amantini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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24
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Ragozzino D, Palma E, Di Angelantonio S, Amici M, Mascia A, Arcella A, Giangaspero F, Cantore G, Di Gennaro G, Manfredi M, Esposito V, Quarato PP, Miledi R, Eusebi F. Rundown of GABA type A receptors is a dysfunction associated with human drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:15219-23. [PMID: 16217016 PMCID: PMC1257725 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0507339102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacotherapeutic strategies have been difficult to develop for several forms of temporal lobe epilepsy, which are consequently treated by surgical resection. To examine this problem, we have studied the properties of transmitter receptors of tissues removed during surgical treatment. We find that when cell membranes, isolated from the temporal neocortex of patients afflicted with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), are injected into frog oocytes they acquire GABA type A receptors (GABA(A)-receptors) that display a marked rundown during repetitive applications of GABA. In contrast, GABA(A)-receptor function is stable in oocytes injected with cell membranes isolated from the temporal lobe of TLE patients afflicted with neoplastic, dysgenetic, traumatic, or ischemic temporal lesions (lesional TLE, LTLE). Use-dependent GABA(A)-receptor rundown is also found in the pyramidal neurons of TLE neocortical slices and is antagonized by BDNF. Pyramidal neurons in cortical slices of a traumatic LTLE patient did not show GABA(A)-receptor rundown. However, the apparent affinity of GABA(A)-receptor in oocytes microtransplanted with membranes from all of the epileptic patients studied was smaller than the affinity of receptors transplanted from the nonepileptic brain. We conclude that the use-dependent rundown of neocortical GABA(A)-receptor represents a TLE-specific dysfunction, whereas the reduced affinity may be a general feature of brains of both TLE and LTLE patients, and we speculate that our findings may help to develop new treatments for TLE and LTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ragozzino
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I00185 Rome, Italy
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25
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Canudas AM, Di Giorgi-Gerevini V, Iacovelli L, Nano G, D'Onofrio M, Arcella A, Giangaspero F, Busceti C, Ricci-Vitiani L, Battaglia G, Nicoletti F, Melchiorri D. PHCCC, a specific enhancer of type 4 metabotropic glutamate receptors, reduces proliferation and promotes differentiation of cerebellar granule cell neuroprecursors. J Neurosci 2005; 24:10343-52. [PMID: 15548648 PMCID: PMC6730308 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3229-04.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of immature rat cerebellar granule cell cultures to the type 4 metabotropic glutamate (mGlu4) receptor enhancer N-phenyl-7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxamide (PHCCC) reduced [3H]thymidine incorporation. Its action was sensitive to the growth conditions and was attenuated by two mGlu4 receptor antagonists. An antiproliferative action of PHCCC was also seen in cultures from wild-type, but not mGlu4, knock-out mice. At least in rat cultures, PHCCC was not neurotoxic and enhanced neuritogenesis. Although PHCCC reduced the increase in cAMP formation and phospho-AKT levels induced by forskolin, none of these transduction pathways significantly contributed to the reduction of [3H]thymidine incorporation. Interestingly, PHCCC reduced the expression of Gli-1, a transcription factor that mediates the mitogenic action of Sonic hedgehog. Finally, we treated newborn rats with PHCCC either intracerebrally (infusion of 5 nmol/2 microl in the cerebellar region once every other day) or systemically (5 mg/kg, i.p., once daily) from postnatal days 3-9. Local infusion of PHCCC induced substantial changes in the morphology of the developing cerebellum. In contrast, systemic injection of PHCCC induced only morphological abnormalities of the cerebellar lobule V, which became visible 11 d after the end of the treatment. These data suggest that mGlu4 receptors are involved in the regulation of cerebellar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Canudas
- Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
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26
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Gessi M, Marani C, Geddes J, Arcella A, Cenacchi G, Giangaspero F. Ependymoma with neuropil-like islands: a case report with diagnostic and histogenetic implications. Acta Neuropathol 2005; 109:231-4. [PMID: 15549332 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-004-0927-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2004] [Revised: 08/11/2004] [Accepted: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case of ependymoma with neuronal differentiation in form of neuropil-like islands. A 6-year-old boy presented at clinical examination for a short history of headaches and vomiting. Brain computed tomography showed a large, partially cystic, parieto-occipital lesion. The tumor was composed by glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive round cells with a perivascular arrangement and scattered neuropil-like islands, showing intense positivity for synaptophysin. Despite radiotherapy, the tumor recurred, showing frank features of anaplasia, but lacking the neuropil-like islands. The histological features of the tumor are discussed in the light of the concept that neuronal differentiation can occur occasionally in gliomas of different lineage without affecting the expected biological behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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27
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Palma E, Torchia G, Limatola C, Trettel F, Arcella A, Cantore G, Di Gennaro G, Manfredi M, Esposito V, Quarato PP, Miledi R, Eusebi F. BDNF modulates GABAA receptors microtransplanted from the human epileptic brain to Xenopus oocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:1667-72. [PMID: 15665077 PMCID: PMC547850 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409442102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membranes isolated from brain tissues, obtained surgically from six patients afflicted with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy and from one nonepileptic patient afflicted with a cerebral oligodendroglioma, were injected into frog oocytes. By using this approach, the oocytes acquire human GABAA receptors, and we have shown previously that the "epileptic receptors" (receptors transplanted from epileptic brains) display a marked run-down during repetitive applications of GABA. It was found that exposure to the neurotrophin BDNF increased the amplitude of the "GABA currents" (currents elicited by GABA) generated by the epileptic receptors and decreased their run-down; both events being blocked by K252A, a neurotrophin tyrosine kinase receptor B inhibitor. These effects of BDNF were not mimicked by nerve growth factor. In contrast, the GABAA receptors transplanted from the nonepileptic human hippocampal uncus (obtained during surgical resection as part of the nontumoral tissue from the oligodendroglioma margins) or receptors expressed by injecting rat recombinant alpha1beta2gamma2 GABAA receptor subunit cDNAs generated GABA currents whose time-course and run-down were not altered by BDNF. Loading the oocytes with the Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate-acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM), or treating them with Rp-8-Br-cAMP, an inhibitor of the cAMP-dependent PKA, did not alter the GABA currents. However, staurosporine (a broad spectrum PK inhibitor), bisindolylmaleimide I (a PKC inhibitor), and U73122 (a phospholipase C inhibitor) blocked the BDNF-induced effects on the epileptic GABA currents. Our results indicate that BDNF potentiates the epileptic GABAA currents and antagonizes their use-dependent run-down, thus strengthening GABAergic inhibition, probably by means of activation of tyrosine kinase receptor B receptors and of both PLC and PKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Palma
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I00185 Rome, Italy.
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28
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Palma E, Ragozzino DA, Di Angelantonio S, Spinelli G, Trettel F, Martinez-Torres A, Torchia G, Arcella A, Di Gennaro G, Quarato PP, Esposito V, Cantore G, Miledi R, Eusebi F. Phosphatase inhibitors remove the run-down of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors in the human epileptic brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:10183-8. [PMID: 15218107 PMCID: PMC454185 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0403683101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors (GABA(A) receptors) microtransplanted from the human epileptic brain to the plasma membrane of Xenopus oocytes were compared with those recorded directly from neurons, or glial cells, in human brains slices. Cell membranes isolated from brain specimens, surgically obtained from six patients afflicted with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) were injected into frog oocytes. Within a few hours, these oocytes acquired GABA(A) receptors that generated GABA currents with an unusual run-down, which was inhibited by orthovanadate and okadaic acid. In contrast, receptors derived from membranes of a nonepileptic hippocampal uncus, membranes from mouse brain, or recombinant rat alpha 1 beta 2 gamma 2-GABA receptors exhibited a much less pronounced GABA-current run-down. Moreover, the GABA(A) receptors of pyramidal neurons in temporal neocortex slices from the same six epileptic patients exhibited a stronger run-down than the receptors of rat pyramidal neurons. Interestingly, the GABA(A) receptors of neighboring glial cells remained substantially stable after repetitive activation. Therefore, the excessive GABA-current run-down observed in the membrane-injected oocytes recapitulates essentially what occurs in neurons, rather than in glial cells. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses from the same TLE neocortex specimens revealed that GABA(A)-receptor beta 1, beta 2, beta 3, and gamma 2 subunit mRNAs were significantly overexpressed (8- to 33-fold) compared with control autopsy tissues. Our results suggest that an abnormal GABA-receptor subunit transcription in the TLE brain leads to the expression of run-down-enhanced GABA(A) receptors. Blockage of phosphatases stabilizes the TLE GABA(A) receptors and strengthens GABAergic inhibition. It may be that this process can be targeted to develop new treatments for intractable epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Palma
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Centro di Eccellenza di Biologia e Medicina Molecolare, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I00185 Rome, Italy
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29
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Calogero A, Arcella A, De Gregorio G, Porcellini A, Mercola D, Liu C, Lombari V, Zani M, Giannini G, Gagliardi FM, Caruso R, Gulino A, Frati L, Ragona G. The early growth response gene EGR-1 behaves as a suppressor gene that is down-regulated independent of ARF/Mdm2 but not p53 alterations in fresh human gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7:2788-96. [PMID: 11555594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE EGR-1 is an immediate early gene with diverse functions that include the suppression of growth. EGR-1 is down-regulated many cancer cell types, suggesting a tumor suppressor role, and may critically involve the p53 pathway. The aim of this work was to measure the expression of EGR-1 and the p16/INK4a/ARF-Mdm2-p53 pathway status in fresh human gliomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Thirty-one human gliomas with different grades of malignancy were investigated for Egr-1 mRNA and the protein expression, frequency, and spectrum of p53 gene mutations, mdm2 gene amplification, and p16/INK4a/ARF allele loss. RESULTS The amplification of Mdm2 and the deletion of the p16/INK4a gene was found in 3 and 5 cases, respectively, whereas mutations of p53, including two novel mutations, were observed in 10 other cases. The three types of changes occurred strictly mutually exclusively, emphasizing that these genes operate in a common pathway critical to glioma progression. EGR-1 mRNA was significantly down-regulated in astrocytomas (14.7 +/- 5.1%) and in glioblastomas (33.6 +/- 10.0%) versus normal brain. Overall, EGR-1 mRNA was strongly suppressed (average, 15.2 +/- 13.9%) in 27 of 31 cases (87%), independent of changes in p16/INK4a/ARF and Mdm2; whereas 4 of 31 cases with residual EGR-1 expression as well as the highest EGR-1 variance segregated with p53 mutations. Immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the suppression of EGR-1 protein. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that EGR-1 is commonly suppressed in gliomas independent of p16/INK4a/ARF and Mdm2 and that suppression is less crucial in tumors bearing p53 mutations, and these results implicate an EGR-1 growth regulatory mechanism as a target of inactivation during tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calogero
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077 Italy.
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Gionti E, Sanchez M, Arcella A, Pontarelli G, Tavassi S, Gentile V, Cozzolino A, Porta R. Tissue transglutaminase expression in quail epiphyseal chondrocytes. Cell Biol Int 2001; 23:41-9. [PMID: 10527547 DOI: 10.1006/cbir.1998.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue transglutaminase (tTGase) is a GTP-binding Ca(2+)-dependent enzyme which catalyses the post-translational modification via epsilon(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bridges. The physiological role of tTGase is not fully understood. It has been shown that in cartilage the expression of tTGase correlates with terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. Recent evidence suggests that the GTP-binding activity of tTGase may play a role in the control of cell cycle progression thus explaining some of the suggested roles for the enzyme.tTGase activity is present in primary cultures of epiphyseal chondrocytes and increases transiently upon retinoic acid (RA) treatment. Increase in enzyme activity occurs upon RA addition and is accompanied by a parallel increase in protein and mRNA levels. Stimulation of tTGase expression by RA correlates with suppression of cell growth and occurs independently of cell adhesion and cell differentiation.tTGase expression is not observed in MC2, a permanent chondrocyte cell line derived from retrovirus infected chondrocytes. RA treatment fails to activate tTGase expression in MC2 cells and to completely suppress cell proliferation. Our findings lend support to the idea that tTGase might play a role in non-dividing cultured chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gionti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Via T. Campanella, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
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31
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Fratta L, Calogero A, d’Amati G, Poulet R, Arcella A, Notte A, Trimarco B, Lembo G. The Role of Egr-1 in the Cardiac Remodeling During Chronic Pressure Overload. Hypertension 2000. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.36.suppl_1.682-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
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Early growth response-1 (Egr-1) is a transcription factor which is activated in the left ventricle during the onset of myocardial hypertrophy in response to pressure overload, but its role in cardiac remodeling is still unclear. The recent generation by homologous recombination of mice which have ablated Egr-1 allows to explore this issue. In particular, we exposed Egr-1 null mice (-/-, n=18) and their wild-type littermates (+/+, n=20) to chronic pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) between left carotid artery and truncus anonimus. In sham operated mice (+/+ n=6; -/- n=7) basal fractional shortening, as an index of left ventricular function evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography, (47.4±.6 vs 48.4±.7 %, n.s.) and left ventricular weight/body weight ratio (LVW/BW, mg/g), an index of left ventricular mass, (3.2±.1 vs 3.1±.1 mg/g, n.s.) were comparable in +/+ and -/- mice. After 7 days of chronic pressure overload, despite systolic pressure gradient across the stenosis was comparable between the two mice strains (62±5 vs 67±6 mmHg, n.s.), -/- mice showed a lower LVW/BW as compared to +/+ mice (4.4±.2 vs 5.7±.3 mg/g, p<0.01). Moreover, the histological analysis disclosed a markedly reduced left ventricle perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in -/- TAC mice as compared to that observed in +/+ TAC mice. Interestingly, left ventricular gene expression of fibronectin and collagen I and III was significantly reduced in -/- TAC mice when compared with +/+ TAC mice. These data demonstrate that Egr-1 activation affects the stromal reaction involved in the cardiac remodeling due to pressure overload, suggesting that Egr-1 may be a molecular target of novel therapeutic strategies focused to modulate specific features of the cardiac hypertrophic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Fratta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
| | - Antonella Calogero
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
| | - Giulia d’Amati
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
| | - Roberta Poulet
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
| | - Antonella Arcella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
| | - Antonella Notte
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lembo
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; La Sapienza Univ, Rome Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy
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32
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Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) treatment of a suspension of quail chondrocytes inhibits the expression of cartilage collagens and induces cell adhesion along with fibronectin expression. We asked whether the RA-induced modulation of the chondrocyte phenotype was dependent on cell adhesion. Prevention of cell adhesion blocks cell growth and many of the effects associated with RA, such as collagen II inhibition, collagen I activation and fibronectin induction. The activity of the bone/tendon promoter of the alpha 2(I) collagen gene was determined by measuring the transient expression of COL1A2-CAT, a chimaeric gene bearing 3500 bp from upstream of the transcription start site of the human alpha 2(I) gene fused to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. This promoter is activated only in permissive conditions for cell adhesion. The attachment activities of chondrocytes on protein substrates was studied by an in vitro cell adhesion assay. Untreated cells or cells maintained in suspension while undergoing RA treatment do not attach when replated on protein substrates. Chondrocytes treated with RA in permissive conditions for cell adhesion rapidly attach and spread instead on collagen-coated wells. Altogether the results suggest that cell adhesion plays a major role in RA-induced modulation of the chondrocyte phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanchez
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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Sanchez M, Gionti E, Arcella A, Pontarelli G, De Lorenzo F. Alpha 2(I) collagen gene expression is up-regulated in quail chondrocytes pretreated with retinoic acid. Biochem J 1993; 295 ( Pt 1):115-9. [PMID: 8216205 PMCID: PMC1134827 DOI: 10.1042/bj2950115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
alpha 2(I) collagen gene expression is induced in quail embryo chondrocytes pretreated with retinoic acid (RA). The initial appearance of alpha 2(I) mRNA occurs around day 3 of culture in RA-free medium and rapidly progresses over the next 4 days. In transient transfection assays, expression of COL1A2-CAT, a chimeric gene bearing 3500 bp upstream the bone/tendon transcription start site from the human alpha 2(I) gene fused to the CAT gene, is stimulated severalfold in RA-treated chondrocytes. In contrast, enzyme activity is very low in untreated chondrocytes, suggesting that the sequences required for RA-induced transcription of the alpha 2(I) gene are present in this plasmid. Analysis of alpha 2(I) promoter sequences performed with deletion mutants gives overlapping results in collagen type I-producing fibroblasts and chondrocytes withdrawn from RA treatment. These experiments suggest that RA-induced transcription of the alpha 2(I) collagen gene in chondrocytes is regulated by the binding of transcription factors to the same regulatory sequences that control transcription in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanchez
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples, Italy
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Sanchez M, Gionti E, Pontarelli G, Arcella A, De Lorenzo F. Expression of type X collagen is transiently stimulated in redifferentiating chondrocytes pretreated with retinoic acid. Biochem J 1991; 276 ( Pt 1):183-7. [PMID: 2039468 PMCID: PMC1151162 DOI: 10.1042/bj2760183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Growth of quail chondrocytes in the presence of retinoic acid (RA) results in the suppression of the differentiated phenotype. RA-treated chondrocytes recover their differentiated phenotype if they are cultured for an additional 15 days in the absence of RA. A few days after removal from RA, treated chondrocytes acquire the polygonal morphology characteristic of chondrocytes growing as attached cells; they also gradually resume collagen II expression and synthesize cultures. The levels of collagen X mRNA decrease during the second week of culture in the absence of RA. Finally, at the end of 15 days, the absolute levels of collagen II and collagen X mRNAs are very similar in control and recovering chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanchez
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli, Italy
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