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Arabestani MR, Bigham A, Kamarehei F, Dini M, Gorjikhah F, Shariati A, Hosseini SM. Solid lipid nanoparticles and their application in the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116433. [PMID: 38508079 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Nano pharmacology is considered an effective, safe, and applicable approach for drug delivery applications. Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNs) colloids contain biocompatible lipids which are capable of encapsulating and maintaining hydrophilic or hydrophobic drugs in the solid matrix followed by releasing the drug in a sustained manner in the target site. SLNs have more promising potential than other drug delivery systems for various purposes. Nowadays, the SLNs are used as a carrier for antibiotics, chemotherapeutic drugs, nucleic acids, herbal compounds, etc. The SLNs have been widely applied in biomedicine because of their non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and simple production procedures. In this review, the complications related to the optimization, preparation process, routes of transplantation, uptake and delivery system, and release of the loaded drug along with the advantages of SLNs as therapeutic agents were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples 80125, Italy; Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Farideh Kamarehei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahya Dini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gorjikhah
- University reference laboratory, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Infectious Diseases Research Center (IDRC), Arak University of medical sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Infectious Disease Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Shariati A, Noei M, Askarinia M, Khoshbayan A, Farahani A, Chegini Z. Inhibitory effect of natural compounds on quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a helpful promise for managing biofilm community. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1350391. [PMID: 38628638 PMCID: PMC11019022 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1350391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm is a community of bacteria that adhere to live or non-living surfaces and are encapsulated by an extracellular polymeric substance. Unlike individual planktonic cells, biofilms possess a notable inherent resistance to sanitizers and antibiotics. Overcoming this resistance is a substantial barrier in the medical and food industries. Hence, while antibiotics are ineffective in eradicating P. aeruginosa biofilm, scientists have explored alternate strategies, including the utilization of natural compounds as a novel treatment option. To this end, curcumin, carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, coumarin, catechin, terpinene-4-ol, linalool, pinene, linoleic acid, saponin, and geraniol are the major natural compounds extensively utilized for the management of the P. aeruginosa biofilm community. Noteworthy, the exact interaction of natural compounds and the biofilm of this bacterium is not elucidated yet; however, the interference with the quorum sensing system and the inhibition of autoinducer production in P. aeruginosa are the main possible mechanisms. Noteworthy, the use of different drug platforms can overcome some drawbacks of natural compounds, such as insolubility in water, limited oral bioavailability, fast metabolism, and degradation. Additionally, drug platforms can deliver different antibiofilm agents simultaneously, which enhances the antibiofilm potential of natural compounds. This article explores many facets of utilizing natural compounds to inhibit and eradicate P. aeruginosa biofilms. It also examines the techniques and protocols employed to enhance the effectiveness of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Infectious Diseases Research Center (IDRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Milad Noei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Askarinia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Farahani
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Moghadam MT, Mojtahedi A, Bakhshayesh B, Babakhani S, Ajorloo P, Shariati A, Mirzaei M, Heidarzadeh S, Jazi FM. The Effect of Bacterial Composition Shifts in the Oral Microbiota on Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:167-181. [PMID: 35986539 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666220819140748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurological disorder, despite significant advances in medical science, has not yet been definitively cured, and the exact causes of the disease remain unclear. Due to the importance of AD in the clinic, large expenses are spent annually to deal with this neurological disorder, and neurologists warn of an increase in this disease in elderly in the near future. It has been believed that microbiota dysbiosis leads to Alzheimer's as a multi-step disease. In this regard, the presence of footprints of perturbations in the oral microbiome and the predominance of pathogenic bacteria and their effect on the nervous system, especially AD, is a very interesting topic that has been considered by researchers in the last decade. Some studies have looked at the mechanisms by which oral microbiota cause AD. However, many aspects of this interaction are still unclear as to how oral microbiota composition can contribute to this disease. Understanding this interaction requires extensive collaboration by interdisciplinary researchers to explore all aspects of the issue. In order to reveal the link between the composition of the oral microbiota and this disease, researchers from various domains have sought to explain the mechanisms of shift in oral microbiota in AD in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Taati Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mojtahedi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Babak Bakhshayesh
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sajad Babakhani
- Department of Microbiology, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Ajorloo
- Department of Biology, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Heidarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Faramarz Masjedian Jazi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bodaghi AB, Ebadi E, Gholami MJ, Azizi R, Shariati A. A decreased level of high-density lipoprotein is a possible risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1779. [PMID: 38125279 PMCID: PMC10731824 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized primarily by dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) play a significant role in preventing the incidence of dyslipidemia and its complications. HDL has different protective functions, such as reducing oxidation, vascular inflammation, and thrombosis; additionally, its anti-diabetic role is one of the most significant recent discoveries about HDL and some of its constituent lipoproteins. Methods This research reviews ongoing studies and preliminary investigations into the assessment of relation between decreased level of HDL and T2DM. Results The levels of HDL and its functions contribute to glucose hemostasis and the development of T2DM through four possible mechanisms, including insulin secretion by beta cells, peripheral insulin sensitivity, non-insulin-dependent glucose uptake, and adipose tissue metabolic activity. Additionally, the anti-oxidant properties of HDL protect beta cells from apoptosis caused by oxidative stress and inflammation induced by low-density lipoprotein, which facilitate insulin secretion. Conclusion Therefore, HDL and its compositions, especially Apo A-I, play an important role in regulating glucose metabolism, and decreased levels of HDL can be considered a risk factor for DM. Different factors, such as hypoalphalipoproteinemia that manifests as a consequence of genetic factors, such as Apo A-I deficiency, as well as secondary causes arising from lifestyle choices and underlying medical conditions that decrease the level of HDL, could be associated with DM. Moreover, intricate connections between HDL and diabetic complications extend beyond glucose metabolism to encompass complications like cardiovascular disease and kidney disease. Therefore, the exact interactions between HDL level and DM should be evaluated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bayat Bodaghi
- Student Research CommitteeKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
- Molecular and Medicine Research CentreKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Erfan Ebadi
- Student Research CommitteeKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
- Molecular and Medicine Research CentreKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Mohammad Javad Gholami
- Student Research CommitteeKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
- Molecular and Medicine Research CentreKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Reza Azizi
- Molecular and Medicine Research CentreKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research CentreKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
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Chegini Z, Noei M, Hemmati J, Arabestani MR, Shariati A. The destruction of mucosal barriers, epithelial remodeling, and impaired mucociliary clearance: possible pathogenic mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in chronic rhinosinusitis. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:306. [PMID: 37904180 PMCID: PMC10614382 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a pathological condition characterized by persistent inflammation in the upper respiratory tract and paranasal sinuses. The epithelium serves as the first line of defense against potential threats and protects the nasal mucosa. The fundamental mechanical barrier is formed by the cell-cell contact and mucociliary clearance (MCC) systems. The physical-mechanical barrier is comprised of many cellular structures, including adhesion junctions and tight junctions (TJs). To this end, different factors, such as the dysfunction of MCC, destruction of epithelial barriers, and tissue remodeling, are related to the onset and development of CRS. Recently published studies reported the critical role of different microorganisms, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in the induction of the mentioned factors. Bacteria could result in diminished ciliary stimulation capacity, and enhance the chance of CRS by reducing basal ciliary beat frequency. Additionally, bacterial exoproteins have been demonstrated to disrupt the epithelial barrier and induce downregulation of transmembrane proteins such as occludin, claudin, and tricellulin. Moreover, bacteria exert an influence on TJ proteins, leading to an increase in the permeability of polarized epithelial cells. Noteworthy, it is evident that the activation of TLR2 by staphylococcal enterotoxin can potentially undermine the structural integrity of TJs and the epithelial barrier through the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this article is an attempt to investigate the possible role of the most important microorganisms associated with CRS and their pathogenic mechanisms against mucosal surfaces and epithelial barriers in the paranasal sinuses. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Milad Noei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jaber Hemmati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Aref Shariati
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
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Dadgar-Zankbar L, Shariati A, Bostanghadiri N, Elahi Z, Mirkalantari S, Razavi S, Kamali F, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Evaluation of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis correlation with the expression of cellular signaling pathway genes in Iranian patients with colorectal cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:48. [PMID: 37644520 PMCID: PMC10463534 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers all over the world, and dysbiosis in the gut microbiota may play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Bacteroides fragilis can lead to tumorigenesis by changing signaling pathways, including the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the correlation between the enterotoxigenic B. fragilis amount and the expression of signaling pathway genes involved in CRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS B. fragilis was determined in 30 tumors and adjacent healthy tissues by the qPCR method. Next, the relationship between enterotoxigenic B. fragilis and the expression of signaling pathway genes, including CCND1, TP53, BCL2, BAX, WNT, TCF, AXIN, APC, and CTNNB1 was investigated. Additionally, possible correlations between clinicopathological features of the tumor samples and the abundance of B. fragilis were analyzed. RESULTS The results showed that B. fragilis was detected in 100% of tumor samples and 86% of healthy tissues. Additionally, enterotoxigenic B. fragilis colonized 47% of all samples, and bft-1 toxin was the most frequently found isotype among the samples. The analysis showed that the high level of B. fragilis has a significant relationship with the high expression of AXIN, CTNNB1, and BCL2 genes. On the other hand, our results did not show any possible correlation between this bacterium and the clinicopathological features of the tumor sample. CONCLUSION B. fragilis had a higher abundance in the tumor samples than in healthy tissues, and this bacterium may lead to CRC by making changes in cellular signaling pathways and genes. Therefore, to better understand the physiological effects of B. fragilis on the inflammatory response and CRC, future research should focus on dissecting the molecular mechanisms by which this bacterium regulates cellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Dadgar-Zankbar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Narjess Bostanghadiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Elahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Mirkalantari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kamali
- Iran National Tumor Bank, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shokri F, Shariati A, Veisari AK, Kianezhad A, Sheidaei S, Alamian AA, Sadeghi H, Heidary M. Fatal vanishing bile duct syndrome in Iranian patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7671. [PMID: 37484745 PMCID: PMC10357002 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) has been postulated that may be related to Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). In the present study, we present a 75-year-old male patient with HL who received chemotherapy but has not received any radiotherapy. The patient's condition worsened in further days, and he died with the diagnosis of cirrhosis and hepatic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlollah Shokri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research CenterKhomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | - Arash Kazemi Veisari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gut and Liver Research Center, School of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | | | - Somayeh Sheidaei
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical SciencesMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Ali Asghar Alamian
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Genomic Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical SciencesSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
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Shariati A, Noei M, Chegini Z. Bacteriophages: The promising therapeutic approach for enhancing ciprofloxacin efficacy against bacterial infection. J Clin Lab Anal 2023:e24932. [PMID: 37377167 PMCID: PMC10388223 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria is a serious challenge worldwide, bringing the need to find new approaches to manage this bacterium. Bacteriophages (phages) have been shown inhibitory effects against ciprofloxacin-resistance bacteria; thus, ciprofloxacin resistance or tolerance may not affect the phage's infection ability. Additionally, researchers used phage-ciprofloxacin combination therapy for the inhibition of multidrug-resistant bacteria. RESULTS The sublethal concentrations of ciprofloxacin could lead to an increase in progeny production. Antibiotic treatments could enhance the release of progeny phages by shortening the lytic cycle and latent period. Thus, sublethal concentrations of antibiotics combined with phages can be used for the management of bacterial infections with high antibiotic resistance. In addition, combination therapy exerts various selection pressures that can mutually decrease phage and antibiotic resistance. Moreover, phage ciprofloxacin could significantly reduce bacterial counts in the biofilm community. Immediate usage of phages after the attachment of bacteria to the surface of the flow cells, before the development of micro-colonies, could lead to the best effect of phage therapy against bacterial biofilm. Noteworthy, phage should be used before antibiotics usage because this condition may have allowed phage replication to occur first before ciprofloxacin interrupted the bacterial DNA replication process, thereby interfering with the activity of the phages. Furthermore, the phage-ciprofloxacin combination showed a promising result for the management of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in mouse models. Nevertheless, low data are existing about the interaction between phages and ciprofloxacin in combination therapies, especially regarding the emergence of phage-resistant mutants. Additionally, there is a challenging and important question of how the combined ciprofloxacin with phages can increase antibacterial functions. Therefore, more examinations are required to support the clinical usage of phage-ciprofloxacin combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Centre, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Milad Noei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Shariati A, Hosseini SM, Chegini Z, Seifalian A, Arabestani MR. Graphene-Based Materials for Inhibition of Wound Infection and Accelerating Wound Healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114184. [PMID: 36587554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection of the wound could potentially cause serious complications and an enormous medical and financial cost to the rapid emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Nanomaterials are an emerging technology, that has been researched as possible antimicrobial nanomaterials for the inhibition of wound infection and enhancement of wound healing. Graphene is 2-dimensional (2D) sheet of sp2 carbon atoms in a honeycomb structure. It has superior properties, strength, conductivity, antimicrobial, and molecular carrier abilities. Graphene and its derivatives, Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO), have antibacterial activity and could damage bacterial morphology and lead to the leakage of intracellular substances. Besides, for wound infection management, Graphene-platforms could be functionalized by different antibacterial agents such as metal-nanoparticles, natural compounds, and antibiotics. The Graphene structure can absorb near-infrared wavelengths, allowing it to be used as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Therefore, Graphene-based material could be used to inhibit pathogens that cause serious skin infections and destroy their biofilm community, which is one of the biggest challenges in treating wound infection. Due to its agglomerated structure, GO hydrogel could entrap and stack the bacteria; thus, it prevents their initial attachment and biofilm formation. The sharp edges of GO could destroy the extracellular polymeric substance surrounding the biofilm and ruin the biofilm biomass structure. As well as, Chitosan and different natural and synthetic polymers such as collagen and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) also have attracted a great deal of attention for use with GO as wound dressing material. To this end, multi-functional polymers based on Graphene and blends of synthetic and natural polymers can be considered valid non-antibiotic compounds useful against wound infection and improvement of wound healing. Finally, the global wound care market size was valued at USD 20.8 billion in 2022 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% from 2022 to 2027 (USD 27.2 billion). This will encourage academic as well as pharmaceutical and medical device industries to investigate any new materials such as graphene and its derivatives for the treatment of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine research center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- Department of Urogynaecology and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Shokri F, Bahrainian S, Tajik F, Rezvani E, Shariati A, nourigheimasi S, Shahrebabaki ES, Ebrahimi M, Shamoon F, Heidary M. The potential role of telemedicine in the infectious disease pandemic with an emphasis on COVID-19: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1024. [PMID: 36620507 PMCID: PMC9811063 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Due of its low cost, rapid speed, data record, and vast communication coverage, information and communication technology might be useful for health-related fields in times of crisis. By providing medical or hygienic services to a patient who lives elsewhere using communication methods like email, fax, cellphones, applications, and wireless gadgets, telemedicine can aid in the better management of diseases. Reviewing the potential role of telemedicine in the pandemic of infectious diseases with a focus on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic was the main goal of this study. Methods "Google Scholar," "PubMed," "Science Direct," and "Scopus" databases were searched to collect the papers that identify the advantages and disadvantages of telemedicine in the disease pandemic. Searched keywords include: telepharmacy, telemedicine, remote communication, pandemic(s), epidemic, distant care, distant communication, phone consulation, video conference communication and patient education. Results Information and communication technology are crucial, especially when dealing with pandemics of infectious diseases like COVID-19. Less "in-person" patient visits to hospitals as a result of telemedicine eventually means less labor for the medical staff, less viral exposure for patients, and ultimately less disease spread. By establishing a bidirectional reciprocal relationship between patients and healthcare providers although they are in separate geographical areas, it can improve patient health status. Conclusion Governments are currently facing a significant budgetary burden because to the COVID-19 pandemic. Since patients are not sent to medical facilities in person, which could be a source of infection, telemedicine reduces disease spread while saving money.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlollah Shokri
- Department of Medical GeneticsFaculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sara Bahrainian
- Department of Food and Drug ControlSchool of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
| | - Fatemeh Tajik
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Elaheh Rezvani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine research center, Khomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran
| | | | - Elahe Saberi Shahrebabaki
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung DiseasesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Farhan Shamoon
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran
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AliMohammadi A, Chezani-sharahi N, Hezaveh ZA, Abbasi E, Shariati A, Ghaznavi-Rad E. The significant role of Carbapenems-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in mortality rate of patients with COVID-19. Vacunas 2023; 24:13-18. [PMID: 36341004 PMCID: PMC9622378 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii, especially carbapenem-resistant (CR) strains, pose important challenges in patients with COVID-19 infection. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated co-infection and antimicrobial resistance patterns, as well as the role of A. baumannii in the outcome of patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods: Between February 2019 and January 2021, 141 patients with A. baumannii infections were detected from seven different hospitals (A to G) in Arak, Iran, and the antibacterial susceptibility pattern of these isolates was evaluated using disk diffusion and E-test methods. Forty-seven of these patients were co-infected with COVID-19. During the study, the data about the clinical course, demographic data, and the role of A. baumannii infections in the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients were collected. Results: Hospitals A and B reported the most patients, with 53 (38%) and 47 (33%), respectively. Additionally, most cases (105 cases, 75%) were reported from surgical and general ICUs. Mechanical ventilators were detected as predisposing factors in 95 (67%) patients, and infection was detected in 20% of patients on the 10th day after intubation. All of the A. baumannii isolates were resistant to different classes of antibiotics, such as carbapenems. Notably, 33% (47 patients) were also positive for COVID-19, and 68% (32 patients) died due to the infection. Statistical analysis showed a significant role of A. baumannii co-infection in the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients (p-value 0.05). Conclusion: co-infection with A. baumannii is one of the most important challenges in COVID-19 patients. Our results showed that all isolated bacteria were CR and significantly increased mortality rates in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali AliMohammadi
- Assistant Professor of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Nahid Chezani-sharahi
- PhD student in Health Services Management, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Elnaz Abbasi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran,Corresponding authors
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Microbiology, faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak, Iran,Corresponding authors
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Shariati A, Arshadi M, Khosrojerdi MA, Abedinzadeh M, Ganjalishahi M, Maleki A, Heidary M, Khoshnood S. The resistance mechanisms of bacteria against ciprofloxacin and new approaches for enhancing the efficacy of this antibiotic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1025633. [PMID: 36620240 PMCID: PMC9815622 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1025633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
For around three decades, the fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotic ciprofloxacin has been used to treat a range of diseases, including chronic otorrhea, endocarditis, lower respiratory tract, gastrointestinal, skin and soft tissue, and urinary tract infections. Ciprofloxacin's main mode of action is to stop DNA replication by blocking the A subunit of DNA gyrase and having an extra impact on the substances in cell walls. Available in intravenous and oral formulations, ciprofloxacin reaches therapeutic concentrations in the majority of tissues and bodily fluids with a low possibility for side effects. Despite the outstanding qualities of this antibiotic, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have all shown an increase in ciprofloxacin resistance over time. The rise of infections that are resistant to ciprofloxacin shows that new pharmacological synergisms and derivatives are required. To this end, ciprofloxacin may be more effective against the biofilm community of microorganisms and multi-drug resistant isolates when combined with a variety of antibacterial agents, such as antibiotics from various classes, nanoparticles, natural products, bacteriophages, and photodynamic therapy. This review focuses on the resistance mechanisms of bacteria against ciprofloxacin and new approaches for enhancing its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Maniya Arshadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Abedinzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ganjalishahi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Abbas Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran,*Correspondence: Mohsen Heidary
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran,Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran,Saeed Khoshnood
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13
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Khoshnood S, Ghanavati R, Shirani M, Ghahramanpour H, Sholeh M, Shariati A, Sadeghifard N, Heidary M. Viral vector and nucleic acid vaccines against COVID-19: A narrative review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:984536. [PMID: 36118203 PMCID: PMC9470835 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.984536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
After about 2 years since the first detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 that resulted in a worldwide pandemic, 6.2 million deaths have been recorded. As a result, there is an urgent need for the development of a safe and effective vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Endeavors for the production of effective vaccines inexhaustibly are continuing. At present according to the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 vaccine tracker and landscape, 153 vaccine candidates are developing in the clinical phase all over the world. Some new and exciting platforms are nucleic acid-based vaccines such as Pfizer Biontech and Moderna vaccines consisting of a messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding a viral spike protein in host cells. Another novel vaccine platform is viral vector vaccine candidates that could be replicating or nonreplicating. These types of vaccines that have a harmless viral vector like adenovirus contain a genome encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which induces significant immune responses. This technology of vaccine manufacturing has previously been used in many human clinical trials conducted for adenoviral vector-based vaccines against different infectious agents, including Ebola virus, Zika virus, HIV, and malaria. In this paper, we have a review of nucleic acid-based vaccines that are passing their phase 3 and 4 clinical trials and discuss their efficiency and adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Roya Ghanavati
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Shirani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghahramanpour
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohsen Heidary,
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Didehdar M, Chegini Z, Khoshbayan A, Moradabadi A, Shariati A. Clinical presentations, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of renal mucormycosis: An overview of case reports. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:983612. [PMID: 36091677 PMCID: PMC9449349 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.983612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundRenal mucormycosis (RM) is a rare presentation of invasive mucormycosis with a high mortality rate. There is no single systematic review of the literature that indicates the different clinical aspects of RM.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed/Medline was performed to collect individual case reports of RM in patients of all ages published between 2010 and April 2022.ResultsSeventy-one individual cases were detected through PubMed bibliographic database searches, with a final assessment performed on 60 patients with RM. India and Asia had the largest number of reported cases, with 30 (50%) and 42 (70%) reports, respectively. Also, 74 and 26% of the patients with a mean age of 33 years were male and female, respectively. RM showed 44% mortality rate in the analyzed cases. Immunosuppressive agent therapy followed by tissue transplantation (kidney and liver) and diabetes were the most remarkable risk factors in patients. Nevertheless, 22% of the patients were immunocompetent with no apparent underlying condition. COVID-19 positivity was detected in eight adult patients with an 87% mortality rate. The most common signs of infection were fever, flank pain, and oliguria; additionally, isolated RM was reported in 57% of the cases. In 55% of the patients, histopathologic examination alone was sufficient to diagnose RM, whereas molecular methods and culture were used in only 18 and 35% of patients, respectively. Surgery alone, surgery plus anti-infection therapy, and anti-infection therapy alone were used in 12, 60, and 13% of patients, respectively. Furthermore, 15% of the patients died before any treatment.ConclusionThe early diagnosis of RM is necessary. In this regard, the use of molecular-based diagnostic assays can help identify the fungus at the genus and species levels and use an appropriate treatment in the shortest possible amount of time. Because of the increase in antibiotic resistance in recent years, determining microbial susceptibility tests can lead to the better infection management. Additionally, withdrawal of immunosuppressant, appropriate surgical intervention, and antifungal therapy are the main factors associated with a successful outcome in RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Zahra Chegini
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aref Shariati
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Didehdar M, Chegini Z, Shariati A. Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition of Candida species infection. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:872127. [PMID: 36016558 PMCID: PMC9395595 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.872127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The high occurrence and mortality rates related to candidiasis emphasize the urgent need to introduce new therapeutic approaches to treat this infection. Eugenol, the main phenolic component of Clove and Cinnamomum essential oil, has been used to inhibit growth and different virulence factors of Candida, including strains with decreased susceptibility to antifungals, particularly fluconazole. The results showed that this compound could bind to Candida membrane and decrease ergosterol biosynthesis, consequently leading to cell wall and membrane damage. Additionally, eugenol not only reduced germ tube formation, which reduces nutrient absorption from host tissues, but it also increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species, which induces oxidative stress and causes high permeability in the fungal cell membrane. Eugenol inhibited Candida cells’ adhesion capacity; additionally, this compound inhibited the formation of biofilms and eliminated established Candida biofilms on a variety of surfaces. Furthermore, by disrupting fungal cell integrity, eugenol could boost the entry of the antifungal drugs into the Candida cell, improving treatment efficacy. Therefore, eugenol could be used in the clinical management of various presentations of candidiasis, especially mucocutaneous presentations such as oral and vulvovaginal infections. However, further investigations, including in vivo and animal studies, toxicology studies and clinical trials, as well as molecular analysis, are needed to improve formulations and develop novel antifungal agents based on eugenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aref Shariati,
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Shariati A, Didehdar M, Razavi S, Heidary M, Soroush F, Chegini Z. Natural Compounds: A Hopeful Promise as an Antibiofilm Agent Against Candida Species. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:917787. [PMID: 35899117 PMCID: PMC9309813 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biofilm communities of Candida are resistant to various antifungal treatments. The ability of Candida to form biofilms on abiotic and biotic surfaces is considered one of the most important virulence factors of these fungi. Extracellular DNA and exopolysaccharides can lower the antifungal penetration to the deeper layers of the biofilms, which is a serious concern supported by the emergence of azole-resistant isolates and Candida strains with decreased antifungal susceptibility. Since the biofilms’ resistance to common antifungal drugs has become more widespread in recent years, more investigations should be performed to develop novel, inexpensive, non-toxic, and effective treatment approaches for controlling biofilm-associated infections. Scientists have used various natural compounds for inhibiting and degrading Candida biofilms. Curcumin, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, terpinen-4-ol, linalool, geraniol, cineole, saponin, camphor, borneol, camphene, carnosol, citronellol, coumarin, epigallocatechin gallate, eucalyptol, limonene, menthol, piperine, saponin, α-terpineol, β–pinene, and citral are the major natural compounds that have been used widely for the inhibition and destruction of Candida biofilms. These compounds suppress not only fungal adhesion and biofilm formation but also destroy mature biofilm communities of Candida. Additionally, these natural compounds interact with various cellular processes of Candida, such as ABC-transported mediated drug transport, cell cycle progression, mitochondrial activity, and ergosterol, chitin, and glucan biosynthesis. The use of various drug delivery platforms can enhance the antibiofilm efficacy of natural compounds. Therefore, these drug delivery platforms should be considered as potential candidates for coating catheters and other medical material surfaces. A future goal will be to develop natural compounds as antibiofilm agents that can be used to treat infections by multi-drug-resistant Candida biofilms. Since exact interactions of natural compounds and biofilm structures have not been elucidated, further in vitro toxicology and animal experiments are required. In this article, we have discussed various aspects of natural compound usage for inhibition and destruction of Candida biofilms, along with the methods and procedures that have been used for improving the efficacy of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aref Shariati, ; Zahra Chegini,
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soroush
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aref Shariati, ; Zahra Chegini,
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Didehdar M, Chegini Z, Tabaeian SP, Razavi S, Shariati A. Cinnamomum: The New Therapeutic Agents for Inhibition of Bacterial and Fungal Biofilm-Associated Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:930624. [PMID: 35899044 PMCID: PMC9309250 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.930624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the potent antibacterial properties of Cinnamomum and its derivatives, particularly cinnamaldehyde, recent studies have used these compounds to inhibit the growth of the most prevalent bacterial and fungal biofilms. By inhibiting flagella protein synthesis and swarming motility, Cinnamomum could suppress bacterial attachment, colonization, and biofilm formation in an early stage. Furthermore, by downregulation of Cyclic di‐guanosine monophosphate (c‐di‐GMP), biofilm-related genes, and quorum sensing, this compound suppresses intercellular adherence and accumulation of bacterial cells in biofilm and inhibits important bacterial virulence factors. In addition, Cinnamomum could lead to preformed biofilm elimination by enhancing membrane permeability and the disruption of membrane integrity. Moreover, this substance suppresses the Candida species adherence to the oral epithelial cells, leading to the cell wall deformities, damage, and leakages of intracellular material that may contribute to the established Candida’s biofilm elimination. Therefore, by inhibiting biofilm maturation and destroying the external structure of biofilm, Cinnamomum could boost antibiotic treatment success in combination therapy. However, Cinnamomum has several disadvantages, such as poor solubility in aqueous solution, instability, and volatility; thus, the use of different drug-delivery systems may resolve these limitations and should be further considered in future investigations. Overall, Cinnamomum could be a promising agent for inhibiting microbial biofilm-associated infection and could be used as a catheter and other medical materials surface coatings to suppress biofilm formation. Nonetheless, further in vitro toxicology analysis and animal experiments are required to confirm the reported molecular antibiofilm effect of Cinnamomum and its derivative components against microbial biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aref Shariati,
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Taati Moghadam M, Amirmozafari N, Mojtahedi A, Bakhshayesh B, Shariati A, Masjedian Jazi F. Association of perturbation of oral bacterial with incident of Alzheimer's disease: A pilot study. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24483. [PMID: 35689551 PMCID: PMC9279996 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This case-control study was designed to compare the composition of the predominant oral bacterial microbiome in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and control group. SUBJECT A total of 30 adult participants (15 AD and 15 healthy individuals) were entered in this study. The composition of oral bacterial microbiome was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using bacterial 16S rDNA gene. The levels of systemic inflammatory cytokines in both groups were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). RESULTS The loads of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella intermedia were significantly more abundant in the AD compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Although Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans were relatively frequent in the AD group, no significance difference was observed in their copy number between two groups. Although the concentrations of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α were higher in the AD group, there was a significant difference in their levels between the two groups (p < 0.05). Finally, there was a significant relationship between increased number of pathogenic bacteria in oral microbiome and higher concentration of cytokines in patient's blood. CONCLUSION Our knowledge of oral microbiome and its exact association with AD is rather limited; our study showed a significant association between changes in oral microbiome bacteria, increased inflammatory cytokines, and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Taati Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nour Amirmozafari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mojtahedi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Babak Bakhshayesh
- Department of Neurology, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine research center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Faramarz Masjedian Jazi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shariati A, Chegini Z, Ghaznavi-Rad E, Zare EN, Hosseini SM. PLGA-Based Nanoplatforms in Drug Delivery for Inhibition and Destruction of Microbial Biofilm. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:926363. [PMID: 35800390 PMCID: PMC9253276 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.926363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biofilm community of microorganisms has been identified as the dominant mode of microbial growth in nature and a common characteristic of different microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The biofilm structure helps in the protection from environmental threats including host immune system and antimicrobial agents. Thus, the biofilm community has led to a higher prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in recent years. In this regard, the use of a new class of antibiotics, natural compounds, and anti-biofilm enzymes has been considered for the destruction of the microbial biofilm. However, different drawbacks such as low penetration, high susceptibility to degradation, instability, and poor solubility in aqueous solutions limit the use of anti-biofilm agents (ABAs) in a clinical setting. As such, recent studies have been using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-based nanoplatforms (PLGA NPFs) for delivery of ABAs that have reported promising results. These particles, due to proper drug loading and release kinetics, could suppress microbial attachment, colonization, and biofilm formation for a long time. Additionally, PLGA NPFs, because of the high drug-loading efficiencies, hydrophilic surface, negative charge, and electrostatic interaction, lead to effective penetration of antibiotics to the deeper layer of the biofilm, thereby eliminating the microbial biofilm. Thus, PLGA NPFs could be considered as a potential candidate for coating catheters and other medical material surfaces for inhibition and destruction of the microbial biofilm. However, the exact interaction of PLGA NPFs and the microbial biofilm should be evaluated in animal studies. Additionally, a future goal will be to develop PLGA formulations as systems that can be used for the treatment of the MDR microbial biofilm, since the exact interactions of PLGA NPFs and these biofilm structures are not elucidated. In the present review article, we have discussed various aspects of PLGA usage for inhibition and destruction of the microbial biofilm along with different methods and procedures that have been used for improving PLGA NPF efficacy against the microbial biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Seyed Mostafa Hosseini,
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Nasser A, Mosadegh M, Azimi T, Shariati A. Molecular mechanisms of Shigella effector proteins: a common pathogen among diarrheic pediatric population. Mol Cell Pediatr 2022; 9:12. [PMID: 35718793 PMCID: PMC9207015 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-022-00145-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Different gastrointestinal pathogens cause diarrhea which is a very common problem in children aged under 5 years. Among bacterial pathogens, Shigella is one of the main causes of diarrhea among children, and it accounts for approximately 11% of all deaths among children aged under 5 years. The case-fatality rates for Shigella among the infants and children aged 1 to 4 years are 13.9% and 9.4%, respectively. Shigella uses unique effector proteins to modulate intracellular pathways. Shigella cannot invade epithelial cells on the apical site; therefore, it needs to pass epithelium through other cells rather than the epithelial cell. After passing epithelium, macrophage swallows Shigella, and the latter should prepare itself to exhibit at least two types of responses: (I) escaping phagocyte and (II) mediating invasion of and injury to the recurrent PMN. The presence of PMN and invitation to a greater degree resulted in gut membrane injuries and greater bacterial penetration. Infiltration of Shigella to the basolateral space mediates (A) cell attachment, (B) cell entry, (C) evasion of autophagy recognition, (D) vacuole formation and and vacuole rapture, (E) intracellular life, (F) Shiga toxin, and (G) immune response. In this review, an attempt is made to explain the role of each factor in Shigella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nasser
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mosadegh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Azimi
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine research center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
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Chegini Z, Shariati A, Asghari A, Rajaeih S, Ghorbani M, Jalessi M, Mirshekar M, Razavi S. Molecular analysis of dominant paranasal sinus bacteria in patients with and without chronic rhinosinusitis. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:327. [PMID: 35575834 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have established the possible role of microbiota in developing various diseases. In this regard, attention has shifted to the evaluation of microbiota changes in the paranasal sinuses and its relationship to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), especially CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). This study aimed to examine the bacterial communities of the sphenoidal sinus in Iranian patients with and without CRS. The investigation included 36 subjects, including 18 patients with CRSwNP who underwent Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and 18 non-CRS patients who underwent Endoscopic Endonasal Approach (EEA) for pituitary adenoma. The surgeries were performed under general anesthesia, and the sphenoidal sinus was sampled using sterile rayon-tipped swabs coated with a sheet. TaqMan quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method (the 16S rDNA gene from bacteria) was used for detection of bacterial communities in different samples. Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were significantly more prevalent in CRS patients than non-CRS patients (P value ≤ 0.05). However, no significant difference in the frequency of Corynebacterium spp. and Staphylococcus aureus was observed between the two groups, and no Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenza species were isolated from any of the samples. The current study's findings indicated a significant difference in the frequency of certain bacterial species in patients with CRS vs. non-CRS patients. By establishing a link between microbial burden and CRS, it is possible to develop effective treatments or even prevent disorders in this body area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chegini
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat highway, next to Milad tower, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Alimohamad Asghari
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Rajaeih
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghorbani
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Jalessi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mirshekar
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat highway, next to Milad tower, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat highway, next to Milad tower, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Khoshnood S, Arshadi M, Akrami S, Koupaei M, Ghahramanpour H, Shariati A, Sadeghifard N, Heidary M. An overview on inactivated and live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24418. [PMID: 35421266 PMCID: PMC9102488 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
After about 2 years since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), first infections were detected in Wuhan city of China in December 2019, which was followed by a worldwide pandemic with a record of 5.41 million deaths. Due to urgent need for the development of a safe and effective vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), attempts for producing efficient vaccines are inexhaustibly continuing. According to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO) on COVID‐19 vaccine tracker and landscape, there are 149 vaccine candidates all over the world. Inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines as a conventional vaccine platform consist of whole virus particles grown in cell culture and inactivated by chemicals. Because of benefits such as antigenic similarity to real virion inducing humoral and cellular immune responses and ease for transport and storage, these vaccines, including the vaccines produced by Bharat Biotech, Sinopharm, and Sinovac, are in use at large scales. In this study, we have a review on inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines that are passing their phase 3 and 4 clinical trials, population which was included in the trials, vaccine producers, the efficiency, adverse effects, and components of vaccines, and other vaccine features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maniya Arshadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sousan Akrami
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Koupaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghahramanpour
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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23
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Chegini Z, Didehdar M, Khoshbayan A, Karami J, Yousefimashouf M, Shariati A. The role of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:29. [PMID: 35264183 PMCID: PMC8905720 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial disease, and various etiological factors like bacterial superantigens are known to develop this disease. Recent studies reported that Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization was detected in 67% of the patients with CRSwNP. Moreover, it was reported that specific IgE against S. aureus enterotoxins are discovered in almost half of the nasal tissue homogenates from nasal polyps. Thus, investigations have highlighted the role of staphylococcal enterotoxins, especially enterotoxin B (SEB), in pathogenesis of CRSwNP. The destruction of mucosal integrity was reported as a main SEB-related pathogenic mechanisms in CRSwNP. SEB activates Toll Like Receptor 2 and triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; furthermore, it induces reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation that may cause epithelial cell integrity disruption and enhance their permeability. SEB-induced Type 2/Th2 pathway results in degranulation of eosinophils, cationic proteins production, and localized eosinophilic inflammation. Furthermore, SEB may be involved in the expression of RORC and HIF-1α in Tregs and by maintaining the inflammation in sinonasal mucosa that could have a main role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. Different in vitro findings were confirmed in animal studies; however, in vivo analysis of SEB-induced nasal polyps and CRS remains unfulfilled due to the lack of appropriate animal models. Finally, after elucidating different aspects of SEB pathogenesis in CRSwNP, therapeutic agents have been tested in recent studies with some encouraging results. The purpose of this article is to summarize the most important findings regarding SEB-induced CRS and nasal polyposis. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Karami
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Milad Yousefimashouf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
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24
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Shahmoradi S, Shariati A, Amini SM, Zargar N, Yadegari Z, Darban-Sarokhalil D. The application of selenium nanoparticles for enhancing the efficacy of photodynamic inactivation of planktonic communities and the biofilm of Streptococcus mutans. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:84. [PMID: 35209935 PMCID: PMC8876442 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-05973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Streptococcus mutans is one of the principal causative agents of dental caries (tooth decay) found in the oral cavity. Therefore, this study investigates whether selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) against both planktonic communities and the one-day-old biofilm of S. mutans. In this study, the planktonic and 24-h biofilm of S. mutans have been prepared in 96-cell microplates. These forms were treated by methylene blue (MB) and SeNPs and then were exposed to light-emitting diode (LED) lighting. Finally, the results have been reported as CFU/ml. Results The outcomes demonstrated that MB-induced PDT and SeNPs significantly reduced the number of planktonic bacteria (P-value < 0.001). The comparison between the treated and untreated groups showed that combining therapy with SeNPs and PDT remarkably decreased colony-forming units of one-day-old S. mutans biofilm (P-value < 0.05). The findings revealed that PDT modified by SeNPs had a high potential to destroy S. mutans biofilm. This combination therapy showed promising results to overcome oral infection in dental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samane Shahmoradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amini
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Zargar
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yadegari
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran. .,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Khoshbayan A, Shariati A, Razavi S, Baseri Z, Ghodousi A, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Mutation in mgrB is the major colistin resistance mechanism in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in Tehran, Iran. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2022; 69:61-67. [PMID: 35113039 DOI: 10.1556/030.2022.01679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Colistin is considered as one of a last resort antimicrobial agent against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, the recent emergence of colistin resistance (ColR) worldwide that severely restricts therapeutic options is a serious threat to global public health. In this study we have investigated the molecular determinants in ColR K. pneumoniae isolates collected from clinical specimens. A total of 98 E. coli and 195 K. pneumoniae clinical isolates were collected from two hospitals from August 2018 to December 2019 in Tehran, Iran. Colistin susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute by disk diffusion method, and microdilution method, respectively. For isolates with colistin MIC ≥4 μg mL-1, PCR was performed for the detection of mcr-1 to mcr-4 genes. Moreover, nucleotide sequences of mgrB, phoP, phoQ, pmrA, and pmrB genes were determined by sequencing. Finally, the transcriptional level of pmrK and pmrC genes was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). None of the E. coli isolates were resistant to colistin while 21 out 195 K. pneumoniae isolates were identified as resistant, 19 of which carried mutation in the mgrB gene. Three different mutations were observed in the pmrB gene in 3 K. pneumoniae isolates. None of the ColR isolates showed alternations in pmrA, phoP, and phoQ genes. Furthermore, none of the plasmid-encoding genes were detected. Transcriptional level of the pmrK gene increased in all ColR isolates meanwhile, pmrC overexpression was detected in 16 out 21 (76.19%) isolates. Eventually, all ColR isolates were susceptible to tigecycline. Our results demonstrated that the alternation of mgrB gene is the main mechanism related to colistin resistance among ColR K. pneumoniae isolates in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Khoshbayan
- 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- 2 Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Baseri
- 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Ghodousi
- 4 Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Didehdar M, Chegini Z, Moradabadi A, Anoushirvani AA, Tabaeian SP, Yousefimashouf M, Shariati A. Gastrointestinal mucormycosis: A periodic systematic review of case reports from 2015 to 2021. Microb Pathog 2022; 163:105388. [PMID: 34995749 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GI mucormycosis (GI) is a rare but highly lethal infection in patients. There is no single comprehensive review of the literature that demonstrates the various clinical aspects of this infection. METHODS A structured search of PubMed/Medline was used to collect case reports of GI mucormycosis in patients of all ages published between 2015 and November 2021. RESULTS Eighty-seven cases were identified through PubMed bibliographic database searches, and final analyses were conducted on 70 adults and ten neonatal patients with GI mucormycosis. Asia had the highest number of reported cases, with 46 (57.5%). Neonatal cases had a mortality rate of 70%, while other cases had a mortality rate of 44%. Corticosteroid therapy and diabetes were the most significant risk factors in patients, while 11% were immunocompetent with no apparent underlying condition. COVID-19 positivity was detected in four adult patients. Moreover, neonatal cases included premature and low-weight infants, metabolic acidosis, and malnutrition. Abdominal pain, fever, and GI perforation were the most common signs of infection, while vomiting occurred in 40% of neonatal cases. In 97% of patients, a histopathologic examination was used to detect infection, whereas culture and molecular methods were used in only 28% and 17% of patients, respectively. Surgery plus anti-infection therapy, anti-infection therapy alone, and surgery alone were used in 61%, 28%, and 11% of patients, respectively. Nonetheless, all neonatal patients underwent surgery. Although used in a small number of patients, posaconazole (30%) and isavuconazole (11%) demonstrated high efficacy in treating patients. CONCLUSION GI mucormycosis is a rare but highly lethal disease. Treatment of underlying conditions, the use of multiple diagnostic techniques, and appropriate antifungals in conjunction with surgery can all contribute to infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Molecular and medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran; Department of medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Ali Arash Anoushirvani
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Yousefimashouf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran; Department of medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
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27
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Shariati A, Vesal S, Khoshbayan A, Goudarzi P, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Razavi S, Didehdar M, Chegini Z. Novel strategies for inhibition of bacterial biofilm in chronic rhinosinusitis. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:2531-2546. [PMID: 34856045 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An important role has been recently reported for bacterial biofilm in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases, such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). CRS, affecting sinonasal mucosa, is a persistent inflammatory condition with a high prevalence around the world. Although the exact pathological mechanism of this disease has not been elicited yet, biofilm formation is known to lead to a more significant symptom burden and major objective clinical indicators. The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has severely restricted the application of antibiotics in recent years. Furthermore, systemic antibiotic therapy, on top of its insufficient concentration to eradicate bacteria in the sinonasal biofilm, often causes toxicity, antibiotic resistance, and an effect on the natural microbiota, in patients. Thus, coming up with alternative therapeutic options instead of systemic antibiotic therapy is emphasized in the treatment of bacterial biofilm in CRS patients. The use of topical antibiotic therapy and antibiotic eluting sinus stents that induce higher antibiotic concentration, and decrease side effects could be helpful. Besides, recent research recognized that various natural products, nitric oxide, and bacteriophage therapy, in addition to the hindered biofilm formation, could degrade the established bacterial biofilm. However, despite these improvements, new antibacterial agents and CRS biofilm interactions are complicated and need extensive research. Finally, most studies were performed in vitro, and more preclinical animal models and human studies are required to confirm the collected data. The present review is specifically discussing potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of bacterial biofilm in CRS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Soheil Vesal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnian Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Khoshbayan A, Shariati A, Shahmoradi S, Baseri Z, Mozafari H, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Prevalence and molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Tehran, Iran. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2021. [PMID: 34370684 DOI: 10.1556/030.2021.01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Colistin is one of the last remaining active antibiotics against multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, several recent studies reported colistin-resistant (ColR) Acinetobacter baumannii from different countries. In the current study, we investigated molecular mechanisms involved in colistin resistance in A. baumannii isolates from different clinical samples.A total of 110 clinical A. baumannii isolates were collected from two hospitals in Tehran. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by broth microdilution according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. For the ColR isolates, mutation was detected in pmrA, pmrB, lpxA, lpxC, and lpxD genes using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Moreover, the relative expression of the pmrC gene was calculated using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Three colistin resistant isolates were identified with MIC between 8 and 16 μg/mL and were resistant to all the tested antimicrobial agents. All the three isolates had a mutation in the pmrB, pmrA, lpxA, lpxD, and lpxC genes. Moreover, the overexpression of pmrC gene was observed in all isolates. Our results showed that the upregulation of the PmrAB two component system was the primary mechanism linked to colistin resistance among the studied colistin resistant A. baumannii isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Khoshbayan
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samane Shahmoradi
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Baseri
- 2Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Mozafari
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Moghadam MT, Chegini Z, Norouzi A, Dousari AS, Shariati A. Three-Decade Failure to the Eradication of Refractory Helicobacter pylori Infection and Recent Efforts to Eradicate the Infection. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:945-959. [PMID: 32767919 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200807110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori causes dangerous and deadly diseases such as gastric cancer and duodenal ulcers. Eradication and treatment of this bacterium are very important due to the deadly diseases caused by H. pylori and the high cost of treatment for countries. METHODS Thus, we present a complete list of the most important causes of failure in the treatment and eradication of H. pylori, and address new therapeutic methods that may be effective in controlling this bacterium in the future. RESULTS Many efforts have been made to control and eradicate this bacterium over the years, but no success has been achieved since its eradication is a complex process affected by the bacterial properties and host factors. Previous studies have shown that various factors are involved in the failure to eradicate H. pylori, such as new genotypes of the bacterium with higher pathogenicity, inappropriate patient cooperation, mutations, biofilm formation and dormant forms that cause antibiotic resistance, acidic stomach pH, high bacterial load, smoking, immunosuppressive features and intracellular occurrence of H. pylori. On the other hand, recent studies reported that the use of probiotics, nanoparticles, antimicrobial peptides, natural product and vaccines can be helpful in the treatment and eradication of H. pylori infections. CONCLUSION Eradication of H. pylori is crucial for the treatment of important diseases such as gastric cancer. Therefore, it seems that identifying the failure causes of treating this bacterium can be helpful in controlling the infections. Besides, further studies on new therapeutic strategies may help eradicate H. pylori in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid T Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Norouzi
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Shariati A, Didehdar M, Rajaeih S, Moradabadi A, Ghorbani M, Falahati V, Chegini Z. Aspergillosis of central nervous system in patients with leukemia and stem cell transplantation: a systematic review of case reports. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:44. [PMID: 34130699 PMCID: PMC8204492 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aspergillosis of Central Nervous System (CNS) is a highly lethal infection in patients with leukemia and Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT). Methods Case reports of CNS aspergillosis in patients with leukemia and SCT published between 1990 and August 2020 were gathered using a structured search through PubMed/Medline. Results Sixty-seven cases were identified over the searches of the PubMed bibliographic database and then, 59 cases were included in the final analysis. Europe had the largest share of cases at 57.6% (34 reports), followed by Americas and Asia. Affected patients were predominantly males (58.6%) and the mean age of the patients was 36.1 years, while 62.7% of the patients were under the age of 50 years. The most common leukemia types include Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) at 43.4%, 27.4%, and 23.5%, respectively. Furthermore, stem cell transplantation was reported in 11 cases. The overall mortality was 33%; however, the attributable mortality rate of CNS aspergillosis was 24.5%. Altered mental status, hemiparesis, cranial nerve palsies, and seizures were the clearest manifestations of infection and lung involvement reported in 57% of the patients. Histopathologic examination led to the diagnosis of infection in 57% of the patients followed by culture (23.7%), galactomannan assay (8.5%), and molecular method (3.3%). Amphotericin B and voriconazole were the most frequently used drugs for infection treatment. Good results were not obtained in one-third of the patients treated by voriconazole. Finally, neurosurgical intervention was used for 23 patients (39%). Conclusion CNS aspergillosis is a rapidly progressive infection in leukemic patients. Thus, these patients should be followed up more carefully. Furthermore, management of induction chemotherapy, use of different diagnostic methods, and use of appropriate antifungal can lead to infection control. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12941-021-00452-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shahin Rajaeih
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghorbani
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Falahati
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Amirkabir Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shahmoradi S, Shariati A, Zargar N, Yadegari Z, Asnaashari M, Amini SM, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Antimicrobial effects of selenium nanoparticles in combination with photodynamic therapy against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102398. [PMID: 34133959 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium Nanoparticles (SeNPs) were reported as an agent that may enhance the effectiveness of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT). This in vitro study evaluates the effect of SeNPs on the efficacy of Methylene Blue (MB)-induced PACT against the biofilm formated in 96-well plates and the dentine tubule biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis. METHODS Chitosan coated SeNPs were synthesized using chemical reduction method and were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Twenty-four-hour biofilms of E. faecalis were developed on 96-well plates and treated with SeNPs, MB, and Light-Emitting Diode (LED). Also, three-week biofilms of E. faecalis were formed on 67 specimens of dentinal tubules, and the antibacterial effects of MB+SeNPs on these biofilms were studied. RESULTS The average hydrodynamic diameter of SeNPs was 80/3 nm according to DLS measurement. The combined use of MB and SeNPs significantly reduced Colony-Forming Units (CFUs) of one-day-old E. faecalis biofilms in comparison with the control group (P value < 0.05). Besides, combination therapy had the most antibacterial effect on root canal E. faecalis biofilms at both 200 and 400 µm depths of dentine tubules (P value < 0.001). Of note, about 50% of human fibroblast cells survived at a concentration of 128 µg/ml of SeNPs, compared to the control group. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the photodynamic therapy modified by SeNPs could be an effective disinfection alternative to the destruction of E. faecalis biofilms and root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samane Shahmoradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Zargar
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yadegari
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Dental school, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asnaashari
- Department of Endodontics, Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amini
- Radiation Biology Research center, Iran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shariati A, Razavi S, Ghaznavi-Rad E, Jahanbin B, Akbari A, Norzaee S, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Association between colorectal cancer and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis bacteria in Iranian patients: a preliminary study. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:41. [PMID: 34108031 PMCID: PMC8191199 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Recent studies have proposed that commensal bacteria might be involved in the development and progression of gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, in this study, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in CRC tissues, and their association with clinicopathologic characteristics of CRC was investigated in Iranian patients. Moreover, the role of these bacteria in the CRC-associated mutations including PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF was studied. Method To these ends, the noted bacteria were quantified in paired tumors and normal tissue specimens of 30 CRC patients, by TaqMan quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Next, possible correlations between clinicopathologic factors and mutations in PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF genes were analyzed. Results In studied samples, B. fragilis was the most abundant bacteria that was detected in 66 and 60% of paired tumor and normal samples, respectively. Furthermore, 15% of the B. fragilis-positive patients were infected with Enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF) in both adenocarcinoma and matched adjacent normal samples. F. nucleatum was also identified in 23% of tumors and 13% of adjacent normal tissue samples. Moreover, the relative abundance of these bacteria determined by 2-ΔCT was significantly higher in CRC samples than in adjacent normal mucosa (p < 0.05). On the other hand, our findings indicated that S. gallolyticus and EPEC, compared to adjacent normal mucosa, were not prevalent in CRC tissues. Finally, our results revealed a correlation between F. nucleatum-positive patients and the KRAS mutation (p = 0.02), while analyses did not show any association between bacteria and mutation in PIK3CA and BRAF genes. Conclusion The present study is the first report on the analysis of different bacteria in CRC tissue samples of Iranian patients. Our findings revealed that F. nucleatum and B. fragilis might be linked to CRC. However, any link between gut microbiome dysbiosis and CRC remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Behnaz Jahanbin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Norzaee
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shariati A, Moradabadi A, Ghaznavi-Rad E, Dadmanesh M, Komijani M, Nojoomi F. Investigation into antibacterial and wound healing properties of platelets lysate against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:40. [PMID: 34044843 PMCID: PMC8161565 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Treatment of burn wound infections has become a global challenge due to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria; therefore, the development of new treatment options for the mentioned infections is essential. Platelets have drawn much attention for this purpose because they are a safe and cost-effective source of different antimicrobial peptides and growth factors. The present study evaluated antibacterial effects and wound healing properties of Platelet-derived Biomaterial (PdB) against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections. Methods PdB was prepared through the freezing and thawing process and then, in vitro antibacterial effect was determined by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Afterward, burn wound was inflicted on 56 rats, infected with both bacteria, and topical administration was performed to evaluate antibacterial effects and wound healing properties of PdB. Results In vitro results showed that PdB inhibited the growth of A. baumannii in the highest dose (0.5), while we did not detect any inhibitory effects against K. pneumoniae. By contrast, PdB significantly inhibited the growth of bacteria in treated animal wounds compared to the control groups (P value < 0.05). Macroscopic assessments pointed to the significant enhancement of wound closure in the treated animals. In addition, histopathological examination demonstrated that treatment of rats with PdB led to a considerable increase in re-epithelialization and attenuated the formation of granulation tissue (P value < 0.05). Conclusion The use of topical PdB is an attractive strategy for treating A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae burn wound infections because it inhibits bacterial growth and promotes wound healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Dadmanesh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Majid Komijani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran
| | - Farshad Nojoomi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Didehdar M, Khoshbayan A, Vesal S, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Razavi S, Chegini Z, Shariati A. An overview of possible pathogenesis mechanisms of Alternaria alternata in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. Microb Pathog 2021; 155:104905. [PMID: 33930423 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial disease, and different etiologies like metabolism and immunity disorders, bacterial superantigens, biofilms, and fungal allergens are known to develop this disease, especially the CRS with nasal polyps. Alternaria alternata (Alternaria) is one of the most prevalent airborne fungal species in the nasal discharge, which might have vigorous immunologic activities in nasal epithelial cells and play an essential role in the pathogenesis of CRS. Moreover, the interaction between this fungus and the innate and adaptive immune systems leads to the development of chronic inflammation. This inflammation may consequently instigate the CRS and nasal polyposis. The attenuation of surfactant protein synthesis or intracellular reserves and mucus hypersecretion could prevent the clearance of Alternaria from sinuses and may be correlated with colonization and re-infection of airborne fungi. Furthermore, higher expression of cathelicidin, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, toll-like receptors, and T helper 2-dominant immune responses can result in an IgE-mediated pathway activation and eosinophils degranulation. Moreover, higher local Alternaria-specific IgE was shown to be correlated with eosinophilic cationic proteins and might relate to nasal polyps. However, the role of genetic and environmental factors affecting CRS and nasal polyposis is not well studied. Likewise, further animal and clinical studies are required to better understand the role of Alternaria in CRS disease. The current article reviews the recent findings around the Alternaria-induced CRS and nasal polyposis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Vesal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chegini Z, Khoshbayan A, Vesal S, Moradabadi A, Hashemi A, Shariati A. Bacteriophage therapy for inhibition of multi drug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria: a narrative review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:30. [PMID: 33902597 PMCID: PMC8077874 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) uropathogenic bacteria have increased in number in recent years and the development of new treatment options for the corresponding infections has become a major challenge in the field of medicine. In this respect, recent studies have proposed bacteriophage (phage) therapy as a potential alternative against MDR Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) because the resistance mechanism of phages differs from that of antibiotics and few side effects have been reported for them. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis are the most common uropathogenic bacteria against which phage therapy has been used. Phages, in addition to lysing bacterial pathogens, can prevent the formation of biofilms. Besides, by inducing or producing polysaccharide depolymerase, phages can easily penetrate into deeper layers of the biofilm and degrade it. Notably, phage therapy has shown good results in inhibiting multiple-species biofilm and this may be an efficient weapon against catheter-associated UTI. However, the narrow range of hosts limits the use of phage therapy. Therefore, the use of phage cocktail and combination therapy can form a highly attractive strategy. However, despite the positive use of these treatments, various studies have reported phage-resistant strains, indicating that phage–host interactions are more complicated and need further research. Furthermore, these investigations are limited and further clinical trials are required to make this treatment widely available for human use. This review highlights phage therapy in the context of treating UTIs and the specific considerations for this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Vesal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Khoshbayan A, Didehdar M, Chegini Z, Taheri F, Shariati A. A closer look at pathogenesis of cerebral mucormycosis in diabetic condition: A mini review. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:212-218. [PMID: 33448040 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with diabetes are considered a high-risk group involved with cerebral mucormycosis (CM). Due to the potential of Mucorales to invade sinuses and its rapid progression into orbit and retro-orbital areas and even brain, in most cases, CM is fatal in patients with diabetes. In the last few decades, mucormycosis and background conditions responsible for the development of its infections have received a great deal of attention. Dysfunction of innate and adaptive immune system, the increased amount of available nutrition, expression of host factors, and free iron level in plasma in diabetic ketoacidosis are among the topics that have been mostly taken into account so far. Therefore, it is important to clarify the molecular mechanisms that let the Mucorales to involve the patients with diabetes, which even at early stages of diagnosis and treatment, there is minimum chance to control the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Taheri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moghadam MT, Chegini Z, Khoshbayan A, Farahani I, Shariati A. Helicobacter pylori Biofilm and New Strategies to Combat it. Curr Mol Med 2020; 21:549-561. [PMID: 33272177 DOI: 10.2174/1566524020666201203165649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, the most frequent pathogen worldwide that colonizes around 50% of the world's population, causes important diseases such as gastric adenocarcinoma, chronic gastritis, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. In recent years, various studies have reported that H. pylori biofilm may be one of the critical barriers to the eradication of this bacterial infection. Biofilms inhibit the penetration of antibiotics, increase the expression of efflux pumps and mutations, multiple therapeutic failures, and chronic infections. Nanoparticles and natural products can demolish H. pylori biofilm by destroying the outer layers and inhibiting the initial binding of bacteria. Also, the use of combination therapies destroying extracellular polymeric substances decreases coccoid forms of bacteria and degrading polysaccharides in the outer matrix that lead to an increase in the permeability and performance of antibiotics. Different probiotics, antimicrobial peptides, chemical substances, and polysaccharides by inhibiting adhesion and colonization of H. pylori can prevent biofilm formation by this bacterium. Of note, many of the above are applicable to acidic pH and can be used to treat gastritis. Therefore, H. pylori biofilm may be one of the major causes of failure to eradication of infections caused by this bacterium, and antibiotics are not capable of destroying the biofilm. Thus, it is necessary to use new strategies to prevent recurrent and chronic infections by inhibiting biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Taati Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Farahani
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khoshbayan A, Shariati A, Ghaznavi-Rad E, van Belkum A, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of ceftaroline non-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, first clinical report from Iran. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2020; 67:228-233. [PMID: 33258796 DOI: 10.1556/030.2020.01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major pathogens in Iran with a high prevalence and a high level of antibiotic resistance. Ceftaroline is a fifth generation cephalosporin binding and inhibiting penicillin binding protein (PBP2a). METHODS In the present study, 228 clinical MRSA isolates were collected from four cities of Iran and their susceptibility to ceftaroline was evaluated by E-test and the disk diffusion method. RESULTS Our results showed a high susceptibility rate (97.3%) to ceftaroline in MRSA strains from Iran. Six isolates were found to be ceftaroline non-susceptible (CPT-NS) with Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥2 µg/mL. All CPT-NS isolates were isolated from blood and tracheal aspirate and belonged to SCCmec type III as well as agr type I and were all susceptible to vancomycin. Out of six isolates, three, two and one belonged to spa type t030, t4864, and t969, respectively. Vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, chloramphenicol, and tigecycline were the most active agents against CPT-NS isolates. CONCLUSION Due to the broad-spectrum activity and low toxicity of ceftaroline as well as the increased rate of vancomycin resistance among MRSA strains in recent years, ceftaroline can be considered as a novel approach to treat MRSA-induced infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Khoshbayan
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- 2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Arak School of Paramedicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Alex van Belkum
- 3Open Innovation & Partnerships, Route de Port Michaud, 38390, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chegini Z, Didehdar M, Khoshbayan A, Rajaeih S, Salehi M, Shariati A. Epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of cerebral mucormycosis in diabetic patients: A systematic review of case reports and case series. Mycoses 2020; 63:1264-1282. [PMID: 32965744 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes are known as an important high-risk group for cerebral mucormycosis (CM). METHOD We conducted a structured search using PubMed/MEDLINE to collect both case reports and case series case (ie including at least two patients) onto CM in diabetic patient published between 2000 and March 2020. RESULTS Forty-five reports of individual cases and eighteen case series articles were included. India accounted for the largest share of reports with 37.7% and 38.8% of individual cases and case series, respectively. Mortality ranged from 0% to 100% in the case series. The overall mortality in the individual cases was 46.3%, and 64.2% of deaths were reported in patients with ketoacidosis diabetes. Facial swelling (53.3%), headache (44.4%), loss of vision (35.5%) and ophthalmoplegia (35.5%) were the most frequently reported clinical symptoms. In all patients except 4 (91.1%), CM was treated surgically; however, in many cases (42%), despite the use of surgery, death occurred. Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AMB) and lipid-based AMB (LAMB) were used as the first lines of treatment for all patients; however, posaconazole, echinocandins, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and deferasirox were used in combination for a number of patients. Posaconazole has been shown to have positive therapeutic effect; however, posaconazole, LAMB and HBOT are not commonly used in low-income and health-challenged countries. CONCLUSION Cerebral mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive infection in diabetic patients and carries immense morbidity despite early diagnosis and treatment. Low-income countries have had the highest number of reports of the disease in recent years, indicating the need to control diabetes in these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Rajaeih
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Salehi
- Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chegini Z, Khoshbayan A, Taati Moghadam M, Farahani I, Jazireian P, Shariati A. Bacteriophage therapy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: a review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2020; 19:45. [PMID: 32998720 PMCID: PMC7528332 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important bacterial pathogens that causes infection with a high mortality rate due to resistance to different antibiotics. This bacterium prompts extensive tissue damage with varying factors of virulence, and its biofilm production causes chronic and antibiotic-resistant infections. Therefore, due to the non-applicability of antibiotics for the destruction of P. aeruginosa biofilm, alternative approaches have been considered by researchers, and phage therapy is one of these new therapeutic solutions. Bacteriophages can be used to eradicate P. aeruginosa biofilm by destroying the extracellular matrix, increasing the permeability of antibiotics into the inner layer of biofilm, and inhibiting its formation by stopping the quorum-sensing activity. Furthermore, the combined use of bacteriophages and other compounds with anti-biofilm properties such as nanoparticles, enzymes, and natural products can be of more interest because they invade the biofilm by various mechanisms and can be more effective than the one used alone. On the other hand, the use of bacteriophages for biofilm destruction has some limitations such as limited host range, high-density biofilm, sub-populate phage resistance in biofilm, and inhibition of phage infection via quorum sensing in biofilm. Therefore, in this review, we specifically discuss the use of phage therapy for inhibition of P. aeruginosa biofilm in clinical and in vitro studies to identify different aspects of this treatment for broader use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Taati Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Farahani
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Parham Jazireian
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shariati A, Dadashi M, Moghadam MT, van Belkum A, Yaslianifard S, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Global prevalence and distribution of vancomycin resistant, vancomycin intermediate and heterogeneously vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12689. [PMID: 32728110 PMCID: PMC7391782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and heterogeneous VISA (hVISA) are subject to vancomycin treatment failure. The aim of the present study was to determine their precise prevalence and investigate prevalence variability depending on different years and locations. Several international databases including Medline (PubMed), Embase and Web of Sciences were searched (data from 1997 to 2019) to identify studies that addressed the prevalence of VRSA, VISA and hVISA among human clinical isolates around the world. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to indicate potential source of variation. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software (version 14.0). Data analysis showed that VRSA, VISA and hVISA isolates were reported in 23, 50 and 82 studies, with an overall prevalence of 1.5% among 5855 S. aureus isolates, 1.7% among 22,277 strains and 4.6% among 47,721 strains, respectively. The overall prevalence of VRSA, VISA, and hVISA before 2010 was 1.2%, 1.2%, and 4%, respectively, while their prevalence after this year has reached 2.4%, 4.3%, and 5.3%. The results of this study showed that the frequency of VRSA, VISA and hVISA after 2010 represent a 2.0, 3.6 and 1.3-fold increase over prior years. In a subgroup analysis of different strain origins, the highest frequency of VRSA (3.6%) and hVISA (5.2%) was encountered in the USA while VISA (2.1%) was more prevalent in Asia. Meta-regression analysis showed significant increasing of VISA prevalence in recent years (p value ≤ 0.05). Based on the results of case reports (which were not included in the calculations mentioned above), the numbers of VRSA, VISA and hVISA isolates were 12, 24 and 14, respectively, among different continents. Since the prevalence of VRSA, VISA and hVISA has been increasing in recent years (especially in the Asian and American continents), rigorous monitoring of vancomycin treatment, it's the therapeutic response and the definition of appropriate control guidelines depending on geographical regions is highly recommended and essential to prevent the further spread of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Dadashi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Majid Taati Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alex van Belkum
- Open Innovation and Partnerships, Route de Port Michaud, 38390, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Somayeh Yaslianifard
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shariati A, Moradabadi A, Chegini Z, Khoshbayan A, Didehdar M. An Overview of the Management of the Most Important Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Blood Malignancies. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:2329-2354. [PMID: 32765009 PMCID: PMC7369308 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s254478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with hematologic malignancies due to immune system disorders, especially persistent febrile neutropenia, invasive fungal infections (IFI) occur with high mortality. Aspergillosis, candidiasis, fusariosis, mucormycosis, cryptococcosis and trichosporonosis are the most important infections reported in patients with hematologic malignancies that undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These infections are caused by opportunistic fungal pathogens that do not cause severe issues in healthy individuals, but in patients with hematologic malignancies lead to disseminated infection with different clinical manifestations. Prophylaxis and creating a safe environment with proper filters and air pressure for patients to avoid contact with the pathogens in the surrounding environment can prevent IFI. Furthermore, due to the absence of specific symptoms in IFI, rapid and accurate diagnosis reduces the mortality rate of these infections and using molecular techniques along with standard mycological methods will improve the diagnosis of disseminated fungal infection in patients with hematologic disorders. Amphotericin B products, extended-spectrum azoles, and echinocandins are the essential drugs to control invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies, and according to various conditions of patients, different results of treatment with these drugs have been reported in different studies. On the other hand, drug resistance in recent years has led to therapeutic failures and deaths in patients with blood malignancies, which indicates the need for antifungal susceptibility tests to use appropriate therapies. Life-threatening fungal infections have become more prevalent in patients with hematologic malignancies in recent years due to the emergence of new risk factors, new species, and increased drug resistance. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the different dimensions of the most critical invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies and present a list of these infections with different clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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43
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Azimi T, Nasser A, Shariati A, Shiadeh SMJ, Safari H, Alizade-Sani M, Taghipour A, Dehghan A. The Possible Role of Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Bacteria in Initiation and Exacerbation of Celiac Disease; A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:452-466. [PMID: 31858910 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666191219160729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Celiac Disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy, generally of the proximal intestine, that occurs in genetically susceptible individuals triggered by the ingestion of gluten. The incidence and frequency of CD are increasing, and it is predicted that CD affects approximately 1% of the people worldwide. The common clinical manifestations of CD are divided in two sections, including classic and non-classic symptoms that can be created in childhood and adulthood. The relationship between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria with CD is complex and multidirectional. In previous published studies, results demonstrated the triggering impact of bacteria, viruses, and parasites on initiation and development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Different studies revealed the inducing effect of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria on CD. However, increasing evidence proposes that some of these microorganisms can also play several positive roles in CD process. Although information of the pathogenesis of the CD is quickly expanding, the possible role of bacteria needs further examination. In conclusion, with respect to the possible correlation between different bacteria in CD, the current review-based study aims to discuss the possible relationship between CD and pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria and to show various and significant aspects of mechanisms involved in the CD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Azimi
- Pediatric Infections Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nasser
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh M J Shiadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Safari
- Health Promotion Research Center, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alizade-Sani
- Students Research Committee, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Taghipour
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Dehghan
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Taati Moghadam M, Khoshbayan A, Chegini Z, Farahani I, Shariati A. Bacteriophages, a New Therapeutic Solution for Inhibiting Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Causing Wound Infection: Lesson from Animal Models and Clinical Trials. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:1867-1883. [PMID: 32523333 PMCID: PMC7237115 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s251171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wound infection kills a large number of patients worldwide each year. Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most important colonizing pathogens of wounds that, with various virulence factors and impaired immune system, causes extensive tissue damage and nonhealing wounds. Furthermore, the septicemia caused by these pathogens increases the mortality rate due to wound infections. Because of the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in recent years, the use of antibiotics to inhibit these pathogens has been restricted, and the topical application of antibiotics in wound infections increases antibiotic resistance. Therefore, finding a new therapeutic strategy against wound infections is so essential since these infections have a destructive effect on the patient’s mental health and high medical costs. In this review, we discussed the use of phages for the prevention of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, causing wound infection and their role in wound healing in animal models and clinical trials. The results showed that phages have a high ability to inhibit different wound infections caused by MDR bacteria, heal the wound faster, have lower side effects and toxicity, destroy bacterial biofilm, and they are useful in controlling immune responses. Many studies have used animal models to evaluate the function of phages, and this study appears to have a positive impact on the use of phages in clinical practice and the development of a new therapeutic approach to control wound infections, although there are still many limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Taati Moghadam
- Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Farahani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moghadam MT, Shariati A, Mirkalantari S, Karmostaji A. The complex genetic region conferring transferable antibiotic resistance in multidrug-resistant and extremely drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 36:100693. [PMID: 32670591 PMCID: PMC7339125 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance due to transferable resistance genes is one of the most important concerns in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from nosocomial infections. Eighty-eight K. pneumoniae isolates were confirmed through biochemical methods. In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a disc-diffusion method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase production among the isolates was screened using a double-disc synergism test, and the resistance genes were identified using PCR. The eight loci for multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) genotyping were selected along with the primers. According to our findings, neomycin (5; 5.6%) and carbapenems (10; 11.3%) showed the most remarkable inhibitory effect but co-trimoxazole (46; 52.2%) was the least effective antibiotic against K. pneumoniae isolates. bla CTX-M-1 , qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, intI, intII, aac3 and aac6 were detected in 30 (34%), 5 (5.6%), 29 (32.9%), 23 (26.1%), 88 (100%), 72 (81.8%), 26 (29.5%) and 28 (31.8%) of the 88 isolates, respectively. But none of the K. pneumoniae isolates expressed the intIII gene. Using MLVA, 23 MLVA types and eight clusters were identified. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates were classified into two clonal complexes. Effective strategies for infection control should be applied to monitor and control the spread of multidrug-resistant isolates by the resistance genes located on the mobile genetic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Moghadam
- PhD student of bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Shariati
- PhD student of bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Mirkalantari
- Assistant Professor in Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Karmostaji
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Shariati A, Dadashi M, Chegini Z, van Belkum A, Mirzaii M, Khoramrooz SS, Darban-Sarokhalil D. The global prevalence of Daptomycin, Tigecycline, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, and Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2020; 9:56. [PMID: 32321574 PMCID: PMC7178749 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-020-00714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS) are among the main causes of nosocomial infections, which have caused major problems in recent years due to continuously increasing spread of various antibiotic resistance features. Apparently, vancomycin is still an effective antibiotic for treatment of infections caused by these bacteria but in recent years, additional resistance phenotypes have led to the accelerated introduction of newer agents such as linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin, and quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D). Due to limited data availability on the global rate of resistance to these antibiotics, in the present study, the resistance rates of S. aureus, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and CoNS to these antibiotics were collected. Method Several databases including web of science, EMBASE, and Medline (via PubMed), were searched (September 2018) to identify those studies that address MRSA, and CONS resistance to linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin, and Q/D around the world. Result Most studies that reported resistant staphylococci were from the United States, Canada, and the European continent, while African and Asian countries reported the least resistance to these antibiotics. Our results showed that linezolid had the best inhibitory effect on S. aureus. Although resistances to this antibiotic have been reported from different countries, however, due to the high volume of the samples and the low number of resistance, in terms of statistical analyzes, the resistance to this antibiotic is zero. Moreover, linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline effectively (99.9%) inhibit MRSA. Studies have shown that CoNS with 0.3% show the lowest resistance to linezolid and daptomycin, while analyzes introduced tigecycline with 1.6% resistance as the least effective antibiotic for these bacteria. Finally, MRSA and CoNS had a greater resistance to Q/D with 0.7 and 0.6%, respectively and due to its significant side effects and drug-drug interactions; it appears that its use is subject to limitations. Conclusion The present study shows that resistance to new agents is low in staphylococci and these antibiotics can still be used for treatment of staphylococcal infections in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Student Research Committee, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Dadashi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alex van Belkum
- Open Innovation & Partnerships, Route de Port Michaud, 38390, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Mehdi Mirzaii
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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47
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Taati Moghadam M, Amirmozafari N, Shariati A, Hallajzadeh M, Mirkalantari S, Khoshbayan A, Masjedian Jazi F. How Phages Overcome the Challenges of Drug Resistant Bacteria in Clinical Infections. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:45-61. [PMID: 32021319 PMCID: PMC6954843 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s234353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays the most important problem in the treatment of bacterial infections is the appearance of MDR (multidrug-resistant), XDR (extensively drug-resistant) and PDR (pan drug-resistant) bacteria and the scarce prospects of producing new antibiotics. There is renewed interest in revisiting the use of bacteriophage to treat bacterial infections. The practice of phage therapy, the application of phages to treat bacterial infections, has been around for approximately a century. Phage therapy relies on using lytic bacteriophages and purified phage lytic proteins for treatment and lysis of bacteria at the site of infection. Current research indicates that phage therapy has the potential to be used as an alternative to antibiotic treatments. It is noteworthy that, whether phages are used on their own or combined with antibiotics, phages are still a promising agent to replace antibiotics. So, this review focuses on an understanding of challenges of MDR, XDR, and PDR bacteria and phages mechanism for treating bacterial infections and the most recent studies on potential phages, cocktails of phages, and enzymes of lytic phages in fighting these resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Taati Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nour Amirmozafari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Hallajzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Mirkalantari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Masjedian Jazi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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48
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Shariati A, Aslani HR, Shayesteh MR, Taghipour A, Nasser A, Safari H, Alizade-Sani M, Dehghan A, Azimi T. Are Viruses and Parasites Linked to Celiac Disease? A Question that Still has no Definite Answer. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:1181-1193. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190828124924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Celiac Disease (CD) is a complex autoimmune enteropathy of the small intestine that commonly
occurs in genetically predisposed individuals due to intake of gluten and related proteins. Gluten
consumption, duration of breast-feeding, various infections, especially frequent intestinal infections,
vaccinations and use of antibiotics can be linked to CD. It is predicted that it affects 1% of the
global population and its incidence rate is increasing. Most of the people with the HLA-DQ2 or HLADQ8
are at a higher risk of developing this disease. The link between infections and autoimmune diseases
has been very much considered in recent years. In several studies, we explained that pathogenic
and non-pathogenic microorganisms might have multiple roles in initiation, exacerbation, and development
of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). In various studies,
the relationship between infections caused by viruses, such as Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Rotavirus,
Hepatitis C (HCV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Influenza virus, and parasites
including Giardia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii with CD has been raised. However, increasing evidence
proposes that some of these microorganisms, especially helminths, can also have protective and
even therapeutic roles in the CD process. Therefore, in order to determine the role of microorganisms
in the process of this disease, we attempted to summarize the evidence suggesting the role of viral and
parasitic agents in pathogenesis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid R. Aslani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad R.H. Shayesteh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Taghipour
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nasser
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Safari
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alizade-Sani
- Food Safety and Hygiene Division, Environmental Health Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Dehghan
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Azimi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sharahi JY, Azimi T, Shariati A, Safari H, Tehrani MK, Hashemi A. Advanced strategies for combating bacterial biofilms. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14689-14708. [PMID: 30693517 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are formed on and attached to living or nonliving surfaces and are surrounded by an extracellular polymeric material. Biofilm formation enjoys several advantages over the pathogens in the colonization process of medical devices and patients' organs. Unlike planktonic cells, biofilms have high intrinsic resistance to antibiotics and sanitizers, and overcoming them is a significant problematic challenge in the medical and food industries. There are no approved treatments to specifically target biofilms. Thus, it is required to study and present innovative and effective methods to combat a bacterial biofilm. In this review, several strategies have been discussed for combating bacterial biofilms to improve healthcare, food safety, and industrial process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Yasbolaghi Sharahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Azimi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Safari
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Khanzadeh Tehrani
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shariati A, Asadian E, Fallah F, Azimi T, Hashemi A, Yasbolaghi Sharahi J, Taati Moghadam M. Evaluation of Nano-curcumin effects on expression levels of virulence genes and biofilm production of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infection in Tehran, Iran. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:2223-2235. [PMID: 31440064 PMCID: PMC6664860 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s213200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background P. aeruginosa is considered as one of the most important pathogens, and high antibiotic resistance to P. aeruginosa has become an alarming concern. This study attempts to further improve curcumin solubility and stability by producing the involved nanoparticle and investigate the effect of this nanoparticle on those virulence genes of P. aeruginosa in pathogenicity and biofilm formation. Methods In this study, the curcumin nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized, and the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of Nano-curcumin and curcumin were investigated by microdilution broth and microtiter plate, respectively. In addition, cytotoxic effect of Nano-curcumin on human epithelial cell lines (A549) was determined. The effects of Nano-curcumin on P. aeruginosa virulence genes, mexD, mexB, and mexT (efflux pumps), lecA (adhesion), nfxB (negative regulator of MexCD-OprJ), and rsmZ (biofilm formation) were determined using real-time quantitative PCR. Results Synthesized Nano-curcumins were soluble in water, which inhibited the growth of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa at 128 µg/mL, whereas it was inhibited at 256 µg/mL for soluble curcumin in DMSO. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of Nano-curcumin reduced biofilm formation and, at 64 μg/mL, disrupted 58% of the established bacterial biofilms. In addition, curcumin nanoparticle downregulated the transcription of virulence genes except nfxB and exerted no cytotoxic effect on human epithelial cell lines (A549). Conclusions Results suggest that Nano-curcumin could be potentially used to reduce P. aeruginosa virulence and biofilm. However, in vivo studies with respect to an animal model are necessary to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Asadian
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fallah
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Azimi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Yasbolaghi Sharahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Taati Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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