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Anuradha C, Mol PP, Chandrasekar A, Backiyarani S, Thangavelu R, Selvarajan R. Unveiling the dynamic expression of PR-1 during Musa spp. infection by Fusarium oxysporum fsp. Cubense: a cloning and characterization study. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:362. [PMID: 38403791 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogen-related proteins (PR) are pivotal in plant defense, combating diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. While multiple gene families contribute to banana resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f sp. cubense (Foc), Pseudocercospora eumusae, and Pratylenchus coffeae, the significance of PR-1 genes in defense is paramount. METHODS Three PR-1 genes, up-regulated under diverse biotic stresses, were cloned from both resistant and susceptible cultivars of Foc, P. eumusae, and P. coffeae. Molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and docking studies with the Foc TR4 CP gene were conducted. RESULTS Through transcriptomic and real-time studies, three PR-1 genes (Ma02_g15050, Ma02_g15060, and Ma04_g34800) from Musa spp. were identified. These genes exhibited significant up-regulation in resistant cultivars when exposed to Foc, P. eumusae, and P. coffeae. Cloning of these genes was successfully performed from both resistant and susceptible cultivars of Foc race 1 and TR4, P. eumusae, and P. coffeae. Distinct characteristics were observed among the PR-1 genes, with groups 1 and 2 being acidic with signal peptides, and group 3 being basic without signal peptides. All cloned PR-1 proteins belonged to the CAP superfamily (PF00188). Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering patterns for acidic PR-1 proteins, and KEGG orthology showed associations with vital pathways, including MAPK signaling, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant-pathogen interaction. Secondary and tertiary structure analyses confirmed sequence conservation across studied species. Docking studies explored interactions between the cerato-platanin (CP) gene from Foc TR4 and Ma02_g15060 from banana, suggesting the potential hindrance of PR-1 antifungal activity through direct interaction. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the crucial role of cloned PR-1 genes in banana plant defense mechanisms against a broad spectrum of biotic stresses. These genes, especially those in groups 1 and 2, hold promise as candidates for developing stress-tolerant banana cultivars. The study provides valuable insights into the molecular aspects of banana defense strategies, emphasizing the potential applications of PR-1 genes in enhancing banana resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelliah Anuradha
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India.
| | - Punchakkara Prashina Mol
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Arumugam Chandrasekar
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Suthanthiram Backiyarani
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Raman Thangavelu
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Ramasamy Selvarajan
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
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Anuradha C, Chandrasekar A, Backiyarani S, Thangavelu R, Uma S, Selvarajan R. Dataset from transcriptome profiling of Musa resistant and susceptible cultivars in response to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race1 and TR4 challenges using Illumina NovaSeq. Data Brief 2024; 52:109803. [PMID: 38370021 PMCID: PMC10873869 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, the study focused on the RNAseq data generated in response to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) race1 (Cavendish infecting strain VCG 0124), targeting both resistant (cv. Rose, AA) and susceptible cultivars (Namarai, AA), and Tropical Race 4 (TR4, strain VCG 01213/16), involving resistant (cv. Rose, AA) and susceptible cultivars (Matti, AA). The respective contrasting cultivars were independently challenged with Foc race1 and TR4, and the root and corm samples were collected in two replications at varying time intervals [0th (control), 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th days] in duplicates. The RNA samples underwent stringent quality checks, with all 80 samples meeting the primary parameters, including a satisfactory RNA integrity number (>7). Subsequent library preparation and secondary quality control steps were executed successfully for all samples, paving the way for the sequencing phase. Sequencing generated an extensive amount of data, yielding a range of 10 to 31 million paired-end raw reads per sample, resulting in a cumulative raw data size of 11-50 GB. These raw reads were aligned against the reference genome of Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis version 2 (DH Pahang), as well as the pathogen genomes of Foc race 1 and Foc TR4, using the HISAT2 alignment tool. The focal point of this study was the investigation of differential gene expression patterns of Musa spp. upon Foc infection. In Foc race1 resistant and susceptible root samples across the designated day intervals, a significant number of genes displayed up-regulation (ranging from 1 to 228) and down-regulation (ranging from 1 to 274). In corm samples, the up-regulated genes ranged from 1 to 149, while down-regulated genes spanned from 3 to 845. For Foc TR4 resistant and susceptible root samples, the expression profiles exhibited a notable up-regulation of genes (ranging from 31 to 964), along with a down-regulation range of 316-1315. In corm samples, up-regulated genes ranged from 57 to 929, while down-regulated genes were observed in the range of 40-936. In addition to the primary analysis, a comprehensive secondary analysis was conducted, including Gene Ontology (GO), euKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG) classification, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and investigations into Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs), Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and microRNA (miRNA). The complete dataset was carefully curated and housed at ICAR-NRCB, Trichy, ensuring its accuracy and accessibility for the duration of the study. Further, the raw transcriptome read datasets have been successfully submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology Information - Sequence Read Archive (NCBI-SRA) database, ensuring the accessibility and reproducibility of this valuable dataset for further research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Anuradha
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli 620102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Chandrasekar
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli 620102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Backiyarani
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli 620102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Thangavelu
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli 620102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Uma
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli 620102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Selvarajan
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli 620102, Tamil Nadu, India
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Stephen A, Punitha A, Chandrasekar A. Designing self attention-based ResNet architecture for rice leaf disease classification. Neural Comput Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-022-07793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Anuradha C, Chandrasekar A, Backiyarani S, Uma S. MusaRgeneDB: an online comprehensive database for disease resistance genes in Musa spp. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:222. [PMID: 35971335 PMCID: PMC9374869 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Banana is one of the major food crops and its production is subject to many pests and diseases. Banana breeding exploits wild relatives and progenitor species for the introgression of resistant genes (R) into cultivated varieties to overcome these hurdles. With advances in sequencing technologies, whole-genome sequences are available for many Musa spp. and many of them are potential donors of disease resistance genes. Considering their potential role, R genes from these species were explored to develop an user-friendly open-access database that will be useful for studying and implementing disease resistance in bananas. MusaRgene database is complemented with complete details of 3598 R genes identified from eight Musa spp. and rice, Arabidopsis, sorghum along with its classification and separate modules on its expression under various stresses in resistant and susceptible cultivars and corresponding SSRs are also provided. This database can be regarded as the primary resource of information on R genes from bananas and their relatives. R genes from other allele mining studies are also incorporated which will enable the identification of its homolog in related Musa spp. MusaRgene database will aid in the identification of genes and markers associated, cloning of full-length R genes, and genetic transformation or gene editing of the R genes in susceptible cultivars. Multiple R genes can also be identified for pyramiding the genes to increase the level of resistance and durability. Overall, this database will facilitate the understanding of defense mechanisms in bananas against biotic or abiotic stresses leading to the development of promising disease-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelliah Anuradha
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 102 India
| | - Arumugam Chandrasekar
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 102 India
| | - Suthanthiram Backiyarani
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 102 India
| | - Subbaraya Uma
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 102 India
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Kannan G, Saraswathi MS, Thangavelu R, Kumar PS, Bathrinath M, Uma S, Backiyarani S, Chandrasekar A, Ganapathi TR. Development of fusarium wilt resistant mutants of Musa spp. cv.Rasthali (AAB, Silk subgroup) and comparative proteomic analysis along with its wild type. Planta 2022; 255:80. [PMID: 35249170 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Induced mutagenesis using embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) explants with toxin based screening is an effective tool to create non-chimeral Fusarium wilt resistant mutants in banana. Global proteomics unravel the molecular mechanism behind resistance. Race 1 of Fusarium wilt is a serious threat to Musa spp. cv.Rasthali (AAB, Silk subgroup) which is a choice variety traditionally grown in most of the south East Asian countries. Resistant gene introgression into susceptible varieties through conventional breeding has several limitations and the predominant ones being sterility and long generation time. Under such circumstances, induced mutagenesis combined with toxin based in vitro screening remains as the viable alternative for the development of fusarium wilt resistant Rasthali. Therefore, induced mutagenesis was attempted by using ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) in embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) of Rasthali followed by in vitro screening for fusarium wilt resistance using new generation toxins and pot screening through challenge inoculation with Foc race 1. This ultimately resulted in the identification of 15 resistant lines. Global proteomic analysis in one of the resistant mutant lines namely NRCBRM15 and its wild type revealed 37 proteins, of which 20 showed differential expression. Out of 20 proteins, nineteen were significantly abundant in NRCBRM15 and only one was abundant in wild Rasthali. A total of nine genes based on protein expression were further validated using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Annotation results revealed that some of the genes namely Enolase, ATP synthase-alpha subunit, Actin 2, Actin 3,-glucanase, UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, Respiratory burst oxidase homolog, V type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A and DUF292 domain containing protein are involved in diverse functions such as carbohydrate metabolism, energy production, electron carrier, response to wounding, binding proteins, cytoskeleton organization, extracellular region, structural molecule and defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhi Kannan
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Marimuthu Somasundaram Saraswathi
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India.
| | - Raman Thangavelu
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Parasuraman Subesh Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Murugesan Bathrinath
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Subbaraya Uma
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Suthanthiram Backiyarani
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Arumugam Chandrasekar
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR, National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (post), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 102, India
| | - Thumballi R Ganapathi
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
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Lomas RJ, Chandrasekar A, Macdonald-Wallis C, Kaye S, Rauz S, Figueiredo FC. Patient-reported outcome measures for a large cohort of serum eye drops recipients in the UK. Eye (Lond) 2021; 35:3425-3432. [PMID: 34531551 PMCID: PMC8602237 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serum eye drops (SED) are an important treatment for patients with chronic and severe ocular surface disease (OSD). Despite a long history of use, there is a paucity of information on patient-reported outcomes, particularly comparing autologous SED (Auto-SED) and allogeneic SED (Allo-SED). National Health Service Blood and Transplant is the national provider of SED service for patients in the UK. PURPOSE To evaluate and compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in patients receiving Auto-SED and Allo-SED for severe OSD. MATERIALS AND METHODS PROMs were retrospectively collected from all new patients commencing treatment with Auto-SED and Allo-SED between January 2017 and September 2018, using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) 12-item questionnaire. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate the change in OSDI scores between baseline and follow-up. RESULTS During the study period, 279 patients who received either Auto-SED (n = 71) or Allo-SED (n = 208) were included in the analysis. Baseline and follow-up OSDI scores were available for 161 of these (49 Auto-SED and 112 Allo-SED). There was a significant reduction in mean OSDI score for both Auto-SED (59.06-24.63, p < 0.001) and Allo-SED (64.21-34.37, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between Auto-SED and Allo-SED patients in terms of the reduction in the OSDI score (p = 0.27). CONCLUSION Both Auto-SED and Allo-SED were associated with improvements in the quality of life of patients with chronic and severe OSD. Auto-SED and Allo-SED were equally effective in relieving the symptoms of OSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Lomas
- NHS Blood & Transplant Tissue and Eye Services, Liverpool Centre, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A Chandrasekar
- NHS Blood & Transplant Tissue and Eye Services, Liverpool Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - S Kaye
- The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - S Rauz
- University of Birmingham (UK) and Birmingham & Midland Eye Centre, Birmingham, UK
| | - F C Figueiredo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Infirmary and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Chandrasekar A, Radhika T, Zhu Q. Further Results on Input-to-State Stability of Stochastic Cohen–Grossberg BAM Neural Networks with Probabilistic Time-Varying Delays. Neural Process Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11063-021-10649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Vignesh Kumar B, Backiyarani S, Chandrasekar A, Saranya S, Ramajayam D, Saraswathi MS, Durai P, Kalpana S, Uma S. Strengthening of banana breeding through data digitalization. Database (Oxford) 2020; 2020:5818927. [PMID: 32283556 PMCID: PMC7153955 DOI: 10.1093/database/baz145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Improvement of edible bananas (a triploid and sterile crop) through conventional breeding is a challenging task owing to its recalcitrant nature for seed set, prolonged crop duration. In addition, the need of huge man power at different stages of progeny development and evaluation often leads to mislabeling, poor data management and loss of vital data. All this can be overcome by the application of advanced information technology source. This ensured secure and efficient data management such as storage, retrieval and data analysis and further could assist in tracking the breeding status in real time. Thus, a user-friendly web-based banana breeding tracker (BBT) has been developed using MySQL database with Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP). This BBT works on all operating systems with access to multiple users from anywhere at any time. Quick responsive (QR) code labels can be generated by the tracker, which can be decoded using QR scanner. Also for each and every updated progress in breeding stages, a new QR code can be generated, which in turn reduce labeling errors. Moreover, the tracker has additional tools to search, sort and filter the data from the data sets for efficient retrieval and analysis. This tracker is being upgraded with phenotypic and genotypic data that will be made available in the public domain for hastening the banana improvement program.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vignesh Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Backiyarani
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Chandrasekar
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Saranya
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Ramajayam
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M S Saraswathi
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Durai
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kalpana
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Uma
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli - 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
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Backiyarani S, Chandrasekar A, Uma S, Saraswathi MS. MusatransSSRDB (a transcriptome derived SSR database) - An advanced tool for banana improvement. J Biosci 2019; 44:4. [PMID: 30837356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Availability of transcriptome datasets for use in accelerated molecular-based breeding in Musa species is limited. Illumina Hiseq technology was employed to determine differential gene expression between the contrasting cultivars for three different stresses (Eumusae leaf spot -Mycosphaerella eumusae, root lesion nematode - Pratylenchus coffeae and moisture deficit stress) under challenged and unchallenged conditions. An average of 34.72 million of reads was assembled into ~47629 contigs, and ~5,466 simple sequence repeats (SSR) from each library were identified. GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis were carried for all the transcripts and the SSR, SNPs were also detected. Based on this information, a MusatransSSRDB has been developed. Currently, the database consists of 32,800 SSRs with the unique information like putative function of the SSR-containing genes and their metabolic pathway and expression profiling under various stress conditions. This database provides information on in silico polymorphic SSRs (2830 SSRs) between the contrasting cultivars for each stress and within stress. Information on in silico polymorphic SSRs specific to differentially expressed genes under challenged condition for each stress can also be accessed. This database facilitates the retrieval of results by navigating the tabs for cultivars, stress and polymorphism. This database was developed using HTML, Java and PHP; datasets are stored in MySQL database and accessible in the public domain (http://bioinfnrcb.byethost7.com/nrcbbio/). This unique information facilitates the banana breeder to select the SSR primers based on specific objectives. MusatransSSRDB along with other genomics databases will facilitate the genetic dissection and breeding for complex traits in banana. Thus, this database is a step forward in economizing cost, time, manpower and other resources. Keywords.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suthanthiram Backiyarani
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirapalli 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sylvester C, Krishna MS, Rao JS, Chandrasekar A. Allele frequencies of mitochondrial DNA HVR III 514–524 (CA)n dinucleotide repeats in the Urali Kuruman tribal population of South India. Egypt J Forensic Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-018-0083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Rauz S, Koay SY, Foot B, Kaye SB, Figueiredo F, Burdon MA, Dancey E, Chandrasekar A, Lomas R. The Royal College of Ophthalmologists guidelines on serum eye drops for the treatment of severe ocular surface disease: full report. Eye (Lond) 2017:eye2017209. [PMID: 29148532 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Rauz
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - S-Y Koay
- Royal College of Ophthalmologists, London, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - B Foot
- Royal College of Ophthalmologists, London, UK
| | - S B Kaye
- Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - F Figueiredo
- Newcastle Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK
| | - M A Burdon
- Royal College of Ophthalmologists, London, UK
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Dancey
- Serum Eye Drops Patient Focus and Support Group, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - R Lomas
- NHS Blood and Transplant Tissue Services, Liverpool, UK
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Jesse CM, Bushuven E, Tripathi P, Chandrasekar A, Simon CM, Drepper C, Yamoah A, Dreser A, Katona I, Johann S, Beyer C, Wagner S, Grond M, Nikolin S, Anink J, Troost D, Sendtner M, Goswami A, Weis J. ALS-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteins in Denervated Skeletal Muscle: Implications for Motor Neuron Disease Pathology. Brain Pathol 2017; 27:781-794. [PMID: 27790792 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-motoneurons and muscle fibres are structurally and functionally interdependent. Both cell types particularly rely on endoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) functions. Mutations of the ER proteins VAPB, SigR1 and HSP27 lead to hereditary motor neuron diseases (MNDs). Here, we determined the expression profile and localization of these ER proteins/chaperons by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting in biopsy and autopsy muscle tissue of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurogenic muscular atrophies (NMAs) and compared these patterns to mouse models of neurogenic muscular atrophy. Postsynaptic neuromuscular junction staining for VAPB was intense in normal human and mouse muscle and decreased in denervated Nmd2J mouse muscle fibres. In contrast, VAPB levels together with other chaperones and autophagy markers were increased in extrasynaptic regions of denervated muscle fibres of patients with MNDs and other NMAs, especially at sites of focal myofibrillar disintegration (targets). These findings did not differ between NMAs due to ALS and other causes. G93A-SOD1 mouse muscle fibres showed a similar pattern of protein level increases in denervated muscle fibres. In addition, they showed globular VAPB-immunoreactive structures together with misfolded SOD1 protein accumulations, suggesting a primary myopathic change. Our findings indicate that altered expression and localization of these ER proteins and autophagy markers are part of the dynamic response of muscle fibres to denervation. The ER is particularly prominent and vulnerable in both muscle fibres and alpha-motoneurons. Thus, ER pathology could contribute to the selective build-up of degenerative changes in the neuromuscular axis in MNDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Jesse
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - E Bushuven
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - P Tripathi
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Chandrasekar
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Helmholtzstr 8/2, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - C M Simon
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacherstr. 5, Würzburg, 97078, Germany.,Columbia University Medical Center, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032
| | - C Drepper
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacherstr. 5, Würzburg, 97078, Germany.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Würzburg, Füchsleinstr. 15, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - A Yamoah
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Dreser
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - I Katona
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Johann
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Beyer
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Wagner
- Department of Neurology, District Hospital Siegen, Siegen, 57076, Germany
| | - M Grond
- Department of Neurology, District Hospital Siegen, Siegen, 57076, Germany
| | - S Nikolin
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Anink
- Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Troost
- Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Sendtner
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacherstr. 5, Würzburg, 97078, Germany
| | - A Goswami
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Muthusamy M, Uma S, Backiyarani S, Saraswathi MS, Chandrasekar A. Transcriptomic Changes of Drought-Tolerant and Sensitive Banana Cultivars Exposed to Drought Stress. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1609. [PMID: 27867388 PMCID: PMC5095140 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In banana, drought responsive gene expression profiles of drought-tolerant and sensitive genotypes remain largely unexplored. In this research, the transcriptome of drought-tolerant banana cultivar (Saba, ABB genome) and sensitive cultivar (Grand Naine, AAA genome) was monitored using mRNA-Seq under control and drought stress condition. A total of 162.36 million reads from tolerant and 126.58 million reads from sensitive libraries were produced and mapped onto the Musa acuminata genome sequence and assembled into 23,096 and 23,079 unigenes. Differential gene expression between two conditions (control and drought) showed that at least 2268 and 2963 statistically significant, functionally known, non-redundant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from tolerant and sensitive libraries. Drought has up-regulated 991 and 1378 DEGs and down-regulated 1104 and 1585 DEGs respectively in tolerant and sensitive libraries. Among DEGs, 15.9% are coding for transcription factors (TFs) comprising 46 families and 9.5% of DEGs are constituted by protein kinases from 82 families. Most enriched DEGs are mainly involved in protein modifications, lipid metabolism, alkaloid biosynthesis, carbohydrate degradation, glycan metabolism, and biosynthesis of amino acid, cofactor, nucleotide-sugar, hormone, terpenoids and other secondary metabolites. Several, specific genotype-dependent gene expression pattern was observed for drought stress in both cultivars. A subset of 9 DEGs was confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. These results will provide necessary information for developing drought-resilient banana plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subbaraya Uma
- *Correspondence: Subbaraya Uma, Muthusamy Muthusamy,
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Rakkiyappan R, Udhaya Kumari E, Chandrasekar A, Krishnasamy R. Synchronization and periodicity of coupled inertial memristive neural networks with supremums. Neurocomputing 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2016.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chandrasekar A, Rakkiyappan R, Li X. Effects of bounded and unbounded leakage time-varying delays in memristor-based recurrent neural networks with different memductance functions. Neurocomputing 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Backiyarani S, Raja K, Uma S, Chandrasekar A, Saraswathi M, Sundraraju P, Mayilvaganan M. Genome and transcriptome-wide analysis of WRKY transcription factors forPratylenchus coffeaeresistance in banana. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2016.1114.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chandrasekar A, Rakkiyappan R. Impulsive controller design for exponential synchronization of delayed stochastic memristor-based recurrent neural networks. Neurocomputing 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2015.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chandrasekar A, Rakkiyappan R, Cao J. Impulsive synchronization of Markovian jumping randomly coupled neural networks with partly unknown transition probabilities via multiple integral approach. Neural Netw 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chandrasekar A, Raja A, Dhinakar Raj G, Thangavelu A, Kumanan K. Rapid Detection of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus by Reverse Transcriptase-Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 85:815-820. [PMID: 32226206 PMCID: PMC7100760 DOI: 10.1007/s40011-015-0490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A reverse-transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was developed for rapid diagnosis of infectious bronchitis (IB) in poultry by targeting the spike protein 2 gene (S2). RT-LAMP primers were designed for IBV-S2 targets and optimized to run at 60 °C for 45 min. As compared with RT-PCR, RT-LAMP was 100 times more sensitive for IBV-S2 gene. RT-LAMP showed specific amplification with IB viral genome but not with other avian respiratory pathogens due to their mismatching with IBV-S2-RT-LAMP primers. RT-LAMP reaction products were visually detected by the addition of propidium iodide stain. Out of 102 field samples tested for detection of IBV, RT-LAMP detected IBV in 12 samples for S2 gene whereas RT-PCR detected IBV in six samples for S2 gene. The sensitivity of the RT-LAMP was 100 % and the specificity was 94 % for S2 gene. Since the developed RT-LAMP to detect IBV is simple, rapid, sensitive and specific, it can be a useful diagnostic tool for detection of IB in poultry in less equipped laboratories and in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chandrasekar
- 1Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai, 600007 Tamil Nadu India
| | - A Raja
- 1Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai, 600007 Tamil Nadu India
| | - G Dhinakar Raj
- 2Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, TANUVAS, Chennai, 600051 Tamil Nadu India
| | - A Thangavelu
- 3Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Madras Veterinary College, TANUVAS, Chennai, 60007 Tamil Nadu India
| | - K Kumanan
- 4TANUVAS, Chennai, 600051 Tamil Nadu India
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Rakkiyappan R, Chandrasekar A, Petchiammal G. Non-fragile robust synchronization for Markovian jumping chaotic neural networks of neutral-type with randomly occurring uncertainties and mode-dependent time-varying delays. ISA Trans 2014; 53:1760-1770. [PMID: 25457736 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with the problem of robust synchronization for uncertain chaotic neutral-type Markovian jumping neural networks with randomly occurring uncertainties and randomly occurring control gain fluctuations. Then, a sufficient condition is proposed for the existence of non-fragile output controller in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Uncertainty terms are separately taken into consideration. This network involves both mode dependent discrete and mode dependent distributed time-varying delays. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) with new triple integral terms, convex combination technique and free-weighting matrices method, delay-dependent sufficient conditions for the solvability of these problems are established in terms of LMIs. Furthermore, the problem of non-fragile robust synchronization is reduced to the optimization problem involving LMIs, and the detailed algorithm for solving the restricted LMIs is given. Numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rakkiyappan
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - A Chandrasekar
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - G Petchiammal
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India
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Vollrath JT, Sechi A, Dreser A, Katona I, Wiemuth D, Vervoorts J, Dohmen M, Chandrasekar A, Prause J, Brauers E, Jesse CM, Weis J, Goswami A. Loss of function of the ALS protein SigR1 leads to ER pathology associated with defective autophagy and lipid raft disturbances. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1290. [PMID: 24922074 PMCID: PMC4611717 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular accumulations of altered, misfolded proteins in neuronal and other cells are pathological hallmarks shared by many neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mutations in several genes give rise to familial forms of ALS. Mutations in Sigma receptor 1 have been found to cause a juvenile form of ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). We recently described altered localization, abnormal modification and loss of function of SigR1 in sporadic ALS. In order to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying SigR1-mediated alterations in sporadic and familial ALS, we extended our previous studies using neuronal SigR1 knockdown cell lines. We found that loss of SigR1 leads to abnormal ER morphology, mitochondrial abnormalities and impaired autophagic degradation. Consistent with these results, we found that endosomal trafficking of EGFR is impaired upon SigR1 knockdown. Furthermore, in SigR1-deficient cells the transport of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein is inhibited, leading to the accumulation of this cargo protein in the Golgi apparatus. Moreover, depletion of SigR1 destabilized lipid rafts and associated calcium mobilization, confirming the crucial role of SigR1 in lipid raft and intracellular calcium homeostasis. Taken together, our results support the notion that loss of SigR1 function contributes to ALS pathology by causing abnormal ER morphology, lipid raft destabilization and defective endolysosomal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Vollrath
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - A Sechi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - A Dreser
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - I Katona
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - D Wiemuth
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - J Vervoorts
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - M Dohmen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - A Chandrasekar
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - J Prause
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - E Brauers
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - C M Jesse
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - J Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - A Goswami
- Institute of Neuropathology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
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Chandrasekar A, Rakkiyappan R, Cao J, Lakshmanan S. Synchronization of memristor-based recurrent neural networks with two delay components based on second-order reciprocally convex approach. Neural Netw 2014; 57:79-93. [PMID: 24953308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We extend the notion of Synchronization of memristor-based recurrent neural networks with two delay components based on second-order reciprocally convex approach. Some sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the synchronization of the memristor-based recurrent neural networks via delay-dependent output feedback controller in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The activation functions are assumed to be of further common descriptions, which take a broad view and recover many of those existing methods. A Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) with triple-integral terms is addressed in this paper to condense conservatism in the synchronization of systems with additive time-varying delays. Jensen's inequality is applied in partitioning the double integral terms in the derivation of LMIs and then a new kind of linear combination of positive functions weighted by the inverses of squared convex parameters has emerged. Meanwhile, this paper puts forward a well-organized method to manipulate such a combination by extending the lower bound lemma. The obtained conditions not only have less conservatism but also less decision variables than existing results. Finally, numerical results and its simulations are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed memristor-based synchronization control scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chandrasekar
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - R Rakkiyappan
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Jinde Cao
- Department of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Lakshmanan
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.
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Rakkiyappan R, Chandrasekar A, Lakshmanan S, Park JH. Exponential stability of Markovian jumping stochastic Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with mode-dependent probabilistic time-varying delays and impulses. Neurocomputing 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rakkiyappan R, Chandrasekar A, Rihan FA, Lakshmanan S. Exponential state estimation of Markovian jumping genetic regulatory networks with mode-dependent probabilistic time-varying delays. Math Biosci 2014; 251:30-53. [PMID: 24565574 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate a problem of exponential state estimation for Markovian jumping genetic regulatory networks with mode-dependent probabilistic time-varying delays. A new type of mode-dependent probabilistic leakage time-varying delay is considered. Given the probability distribution of the time-delays, stochastic variables that satisfying Bernoulli random binary distribution are formulated to produce a new system which includes the information of the probability distribution. Under these circumstances, the state estimator is designed to estimate the true concentration of the mRNA and the protein of the GRNs. Based on Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional that includes new triple integral terms and decomposed integral intervals, delay-distribution-dependent exponential stability criteria are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the usefulness and effectiveness of the obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rakkiyappan
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - A Chandrasekar
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - F A Rihan
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Lakshmanan
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Praveen M, Chandrasekar A, Gautam A, Rathinam VJ, Saxena A. All in one: a case report. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2014; 13:600-6. [PMID: 24431798 DOI: 10.1007/s13191-012-0211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To plan and execute the rehabilitation of a decimated occlusion is probably one of the most intellectually and technically demanding tasks faced by any restorative dentist. This clinical report describes a multidisciplinary approach for complete oral rehabilitation of a patient with few remaining natural teeth. The treatment included the use of a complete denture, removable partial denture, fixed partial denture and implants for restoring the patient's esthetics and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Praveen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Chandrasekar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Gautam
- Department of Prosthodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - V Jothi Rathinam
- Department of Prosthodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aarti Saxena
- Department of Prosthodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India
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Rakkiyappan R, Chandrasekar A, Lakshmanan S, Park JH, Jung H. Effects of leakage time-varying delays in Markovian jump neural networks with impulse control. Neurocomputing 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chandrasekar A, Riju A, Sithara K, Anoop S, Eapen SJ. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism in ginger using expressed sequence tags. Bioinformation 2009; 4:119-22. [PMID: 20198184 PMCID: PMC2828891 DOI: 10.6026/97320630004119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) (Family: Zingiberaceae) is a herbaceous perennial, the rhizomes of which are used as a spice. Ginger is a plant
which is well known for its medicinal applications. Recently EST-derived SNPs are a free by-product of the currently expanding EST (Expressed
Sequence Tag) databases. The development of high-throughput methods for the detection of SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) and small
indels (insertion/deletion) has led to a revolution in their use as molecular markers. Available (38139) Ginger EST sequences were mined from
dbEST of NCBI. CAP3 program was used to assemble EST sequences into contigs. Candidate SNPs and Indel polymorphisms were detected
using the perl script AutoSNP version 1.0 which has used 31905 ESTs for detecting SNPs and Indel sites. We found 64026 SNP sites and 7034
indel polymorphisms with frequency of 0.84 SNPs / 100 bp. Among the three tissues from which the EST libraries had been generated, Rhizomes
had high frequency of 1.08 SNPs/indels per 100 bp whereas the leaves had lowest frequency of 0.63 per 100 bp and root is showing relative
frequency 0.82/100bp. Transitions and transversion ratio is 0.90. In overall detected SNP, transversion is high when compare to transition. These
detected SNPs can be used as markers for genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Chandrasekar
- Bioinformatics centre, Indian Institute of spice research, P.B.No.1701, Marikunnu P.O, Calicut -673012, Kerala, India
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Kumar S, Ravuri RR, Koneru P, Urade BP, Sarkar BN, Chandrasekar A, Rao VR. Reconstructing Indian-Australian phylogenetic link. BMC Evol Biol 2009; 9:173. [PMID: 19624810 PMCID: PMC2720955 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An early dispersal of biologically and behaviorally modern humans from their African origins to Australia, by at least 45 thousand years via southern Asia has been suggested by studies based on morphology, archaeology and genetics. However, mtDNA lineages sampled so far from south Asia, eastern Asia and Australasia show non-overlapping distributions of haplogroups within pan Eurasian M and N macrohaplogroups. Likewise, support from the archaeology is still ambiguous. Results In our completely sequenced 966-mitochondrial genomes from 26 relic tribes of India, we have identified seven genomes, which share two synonymous polymorphisms with the M42 haplogroup, which is specific to Australian Aborigines. Conclusion Our results showing a shared mtDNA lineage between Indians and Australian Aborigines provides direct genetic evidence of an early colonization of Australia through south Asia, following the "southern route".
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- Anthropological Survey of India, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata, India.
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Chandrasekar A, Saheb SY, Gangopadyaya P, Gangopadyaya S, Mukherjee A, Basu D, Lakshmi GR, Sahani AK, Das B, Battacharya S, Kumar S, Xaviour D, Sun D, Rao VR. YAP insertion signature in South Asia. Ann Hum Biol 2009; 34:582-6. [PMID: 17786594 DOI: 10.1080/03014460701556262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A total of 2169 samples from 21 tribal populations from different regions of India were scanned for the Y-chromosome Alu polymorphism. This study reports, for the first time, high frequencies (8-65%) of Y Alu polymorphic (YAP) insertion in northeast Indian tribes. All seven Jarawa samples from the Andaman and Nicobar islands had the YAP insertion, in conformity with an earlier study of Andaman Islanders. One isolated case with haplotype E* was found in Dungri Bhill, a western Indian population, while YAP insertion in northeast India and Andaman tribes was found in association with haplotype D* (M168, M174). YAP insertion frequencies reported in the mainland Indian populations are negligible, according to previous studies. Genetic drift may be the causative factor for the variable frequency of the YAP insertion in the mainland populations, while the founder effect may have resulted in the highest incidence of haplotype D among the Andaman Islanders. The results of YAP insertion and the evidence of previous mtDNA studies indicate an early out of Africa migration to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The findings of YAP insertion in northeast Indian tribes are very significant for understanding the evolutionary history of the region.
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Barik SS, Sahani R, Prasad BVR, Endicott P, Metspalu M, Sarkar BN, Bhattacharya S, Annapoorna PCH, Sreenath J, Sun D, Sanchez JJ, Ho SYW, Chandrasekar A, Rao VR. Detailed mtDNA genotypes permit a reassessment of the settlement and population structure of the Andaman Islands. Am J Phys Anthropol 2008; 136:19-27. [PMID: 18186508 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.20773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The population genetics of the Indian subcontinent is central to understanding early human prehistory due to its strategic location on the proposed corridor of human movement from Africa to Australia during the late Pleistocene. Previous genetic research using mtDNA has emphasized the relative isolation of the late Pleistocene colonizers, and the physically isolated Andaman Island populations of Island South-East Asia remain the source of claims supporting an early split between the populations that formed the patchy settlement pattern along the coast of the Indian Ocean. Using whole-genome sequencing, combined with multiplexed SNP typing, this study investigates the deep structure of mtDNA haplogroups M31 and M32 in India and the Andaman Islands. The identification of a so far unnoticed rare polymorphism shared between these two lineages suggests that they are actually sister groups within a single haplogroup, M31'32. The enhanced resolution of M31 allows for the inference of a more recent colonization of the Andaman Islands than previously suggested, but cannot reject the very early peopling scenario. We further demonstrate a widespread overlap of mtDNA and cultural markers between the two major language groups of the Andaman archipelago. Given the "completeness" of the genealogy based on whole genome sequences, and the multiple scenarios for the peopling of the Andaman Islands sustained by this inferred genealogy, our study hints that further mtDNA based phylogeographic studies are unlikely to unequivocally support any one of these possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Barik
- Anthropological Survey of India, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata 700 016, India
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Riju A, Chandrasekar A, Arunachalam V. Mining for single nucleotide polymorphisms and insertions / deletions in expressed sequence tag libraries of oil palm. Bioinformation 2007; 2:128-31. [PMID: 21670789 PMCID: PMC2255072 DOI: 10.6026/97320630002128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The oil palm is a tropical oil bearing tree. Recently EST-derived SNPs and SSRs are a free by-product of the currently expanding EST (Expressed Sequence Tag) data bases. The development of high-throughput methods for the detection of SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) and small indels (insertion / deletion) has led to a revolution in their use as molecular markers. Available (5452) Oil palm EST sequences were mined from dbEST of NCBI. CAP3 program was used to assemble EST sequences into contigs. Candidate SNPs and Indel polymorphisms were detected using the perl script auto_snip version 1.0 which has used 576 ESTs for detecting SNPs and Indel sites. We found 1180 SNP sites and 137 indel polymorphisms with frequency 1.36 SNPs / 100 bp. Among the six tissues from which the EST libraries had been generated, mesocarp had high frequency of 2.91 SNPs and indels per 100 bp whereas the zygotic embryos had lowest frequency of 0.15 per 100 bp. We also used the Shannon index to analyze the proportion of ten possible types of SNP/indels. ESTs from tissues of normal apex showed highest values of Shannon index (0.60) whereas abnormal apex had least value (0.02). The present report deals the use of Shannon index for comparing SNP/ indel frequencies mined from ESTlibraries and also confirm that the frequency of SNP occurrence in oil palm to use them as markers for genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aykkal Riju
- Aikkal, Kanul P.O, Kannur, Kerala - 670564, India
- Bioinformatics Center Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Arumugam Chandrasekar
- Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Kudlu P.O, Kasaragod - 671124, Kerala, India
- Bioinformatics Center Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Vadivel Arunachalam
- Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Kudlu P.O, Kasaragod - 671124, Kerala, India
- Genetic Tranformation Laboratory Biotechnology Theme, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad - 502324 Andhra Pradesh India
- Corresponding author: E-mail:
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Rajagopal V, Manimekalai R, Devakumar K, Karun A, Niral V, Gopal M, Aziz S, Gunasekaran M, Kumar MR, Chandrasekar A. A database for coconut crop improvement. Bioinformation 2005; 1:75-7. [PMID: 17597858 PMCID: PMC1891635 DOI: 10.6026/97320630001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2005] [Revised: 12/07/2005] [Accepted: 12/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coconut crop improvement requires a number of biotechnology and bioinformatics tools. A database containing information on
CG (coconut germplasm), CCI (coconut cultivar identification), CD (coconut disease), MIFSPC (microbial information systems in
plantation crops) and VO (vegetable oils) is described. The database was developed using MySQL and PostgreSQL running in Linux
operating system. The database interface is developed in PHP, HTML and JAVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velamoor Rajagopal
- Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, (ICAR), Kudlu P.O, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.
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Abstract
Bacterial contamination of platelets poses the greatest risk of mortality and morbidity to platelet transfusion recipients. Some European countries have introduced routine bacterial monitoring of platelets to reduce the risk of transmission of bacteria. A pilot study was carried out at the Northern Ireland Blood Transfusion Service, using the BacT/ALERT automated culture system, to assess the operational feasibility of routine bacterial monitoring of platelets. About 4885 platelet concentrates (PCs) were tested in a 1-year period. Of the 28 (0.57%) initial reactive cultures, 13 (46%) were reproducible on repeat culturing. Of these, 10 were detected within 24 h of incubation either in aerobic or both aerobic and anaerobic culture bottles. A sample of time-expired units (423) that had initial negative culture results remained negative when retested on day 8. About 213 time-expired units were subjected to routine quality assessment and more than 85% were found to conform to quality standards specified in the UKBTS guidelines for platelet count (> or =240 x 10(9) per adult dose PC) and pH (6.4-7.4). There was a reduction in the platelet count because of the volume removed (15 mL) for sampling. Routine bacterial testing with day 2 sampling and a negative culture result after 24 h as a mandatory release criterion would improve product safety. Implementation of 100% testing would be operationally feasible but may require extension of the shelf life if unacceptable wastage is to be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Macauley
- Northern Ireland Blood Transfusion Service, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
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Chandrasekar A, Morris KG, Tubman TR, Tharma S, McClelland WM. The clinical outcome of non-RhD antibody affected pregnancies in Northern Ireland. Ulster Med J 2001; 70:89-94. [PMID: 11795772 PMCID: PMC2449233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the clinical outcome of pregnancies with non-Rh-D antibody in Northern Ireland using retrospective case note review. During the study period (April 1999- March 2000) 186 women with clinically significant antibodies were identified from the records of the antenatal laboratory of the Northern Ireland Blood Transfusion Service. Eighty-five women were included in the study using the criteria mentioned above. None of the fetuses required intrauterine transfusion during this period. One baby required exchange transfusion, three were given top-up transfusions and 17 had phototherapy. Nine babies with a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) received no treatment. The incidence of anti-Kell could be reduced by transfusing Kell negative red cells to premenopausal women. It is important that all pregnant women are tested at least twice in their pregnancy to detect the antibodies formed late in the pregnancy. It is useful to formulate a standard protocol for antenatal interventions. Non Rh-D antibodies can cause significant anaemia for up to six weeks in the neonatal period, hence early detection of maternal antibodies is important so that the neonates are followed up for an appropriate length of time.
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Abstract
Consanguineous marriages have decreased significantly (p < 0.01) among the Kamma of Andhra Pradesh over the past forty years. The decline in uncle-niece marriages has contributed heavily to the decline in consanguinity, which may be due to shifting from agriculture to other occupations like government service and the rapid growth of industrialization. More recently, the tendency toward a lower consanguinity rate has been strengthened by reduction in number of children per marriage which reduces the number of eligible cousins. Marriages beyond first cousin have remained more or less constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chandrasekar
- Department of Physical Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
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Sharpe RJ, Chandrasekar A, Arndt KA, Wang ZS, Galli SJ. Inhibition of cutaneous contact hypersensitivity in the mouse with systemic or topical spiperone: topical application of spiperone produces local immunosuppression without inducing systemic neuroleptic effects. J Invest Dermatol 1992; 99:594-600. [PMID: 1431222 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12667996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We tested the ability of the neuroleptic agent spiperone (8-[3-(p-fluorobenzoyl)propyl]-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro-[4.5] decan-4- one) to influence the tissue swelling and leukocyte infiltration associated with T-cell--dependent immune responses, i.e., contact hypersensitivity reactions, in mice. Contact hypersensitivity reactions were elicited by applying the haptens oxazolone or dinitrofluorobenzene topically to one or both ears 5-8 d after epicutaneous sensitization. When spiperone was given subcutaneously at a dose of 30 or 150 mg/kg, 1 h after challenge with oxazolone, cutaneous contact hypersensitivity to this hapten was significantly diminished. When applied topically in concentrations as low as 0.08% (w/w), preparations of spiperone significantly suppressed both the tissue swelling and the leukocyte infiltration associated with the elicitation phase of contact hypersensitivity. Topical treatment with spiperone also suppressed the sensitization phase of contact sensitivity. However, mice treated topically with spiperone, unlike those treated systemically, exhibited no drowsiness or other evidence of central nervous system effects. Spiperone expresses both serotonin and dopamine receptor antagonist activity. However, unlike spiperone, the chemically unrelated serotonin antagonists, trazadone and mianserin, and the dopamine receptor antagonist, haloperidol, were not effective in suppressing contact hypersensitivity. Our results indicate that spiperone can have immunosuppressive effects on contact hypersensitivity reactions in the mouse, even when applied topically in doses that lack neuroleptic effects, and that the mechanism of action of spiperone on the immune response may be independent of its serotonin or dopamine receptor blocking properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Sharpe
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215
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Bedi BMS, Chandrasekar A, Venkatesan A, Balasubramanian K, Jaganatha HM, Anandakrishnan V, Ramakrishnan S. An Isolated Case of Hyperlipoproteinaemia Resembling Type II. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1977; 43:328-330. [PMID: 28266442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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