1
|
Gil A, Pabón A, Galiano S, Burguete A, Pérez-Silanes S, Deharo E, Monge A, Aldana I. Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationships of new quinoxaline derivatives as anti-Plasmodium falciparum agents. Molecules 2014; 19:2166-80. [PMID: 24552985 PMCID: PMC6271909 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19022166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis and antimalarial activities of eighteen quinoxaline and quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives, eight of which are completely novel. Compounds 1a and 2a were the most active against Plasmodium falciparum strains. Structure-activity relationships demonstrated the importance of an enone moiety linked to the quinoxaline ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gil
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
| | - Adriana Pabón
- Grupo Malaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Silvia Galiano
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
| | - Asunción Burguete
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
| | - Silvia Pérez-Silanes
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
| | - Eric Deharo
- PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152 IRD-UPS, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
| | - Antonio Monge
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Aldana
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), Universidad de Navarra, c/ Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mellado M, Osa A, Murillo A, Bermejo R, Burguete A, Pons M, Erdozain N. Influencia de la mamografía digital en la detección y manejo de microcalcificaciones. Radiología 2013; 55:142-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
3
|
Mellado M, Osa A, Murillo A, Bermejo R, Burguete A, Pons M, Erdozain N. Impact of digital mammography in the detection and management of microcalcifications. Radiología (English Edition) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
4
|
Burguete A, Pontiki E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Ancizu S, Villar R, Solano B, Moreno E, Torres E, Pérez S, Aldana I, Monge A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new quinoxaline derivatives as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 77:255-67. [PMID: 21244639 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of novel quinoxaline and quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives. Microwave-assisted methods have been used to optimize reaction times and to improve yields. The tested compounds presented important scavenging activities and promising in vitro inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase (LOX). Two of the best LOX inhibitors (compounds 7b and 8f) were evaluated as in vivo anti-inflammatory agents using the carrageenin-induced edema model. One of them (compound 7b) showed important in vivo anti-inflammatory effect (41%) similar to that of indomethacin (47%) used as the reference drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Burguete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Estevez Y, Quiliano M, Burguete A, Cabanillas B, Zimic M, Málaga E, Verástegui M, Pérez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Monge A, Castillo D, Deharo E. Trypanocidal properties, structure-activity relationship and computational studies of quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives. Exp Parasitol 2011; 127:745-51. [PMID: 21272583 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazole and propenone quinoxaline derivatives were tested against intracellular forms of Leishmania peruviana and Trypanosoma cruzi. Both series were tested for toxicity against proliferative and non-proliferative cells. The pyrazole quinoxaline series was quite inactive against T. cruzi; however, the compound 2,6-dimethyl-3-f-quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide was found to inhibit 50% of Leishmania growth at 8.9 μM, with no impact against proliferative kidney cells and with low toxicity against THP-1 cells and murine macrophages. The compounds belonging to the propenone quinoxaline series were moderately active against T. cruzi. Among these compounds, two were particularly interesting, (2E)-1-(7-fluoro-3-methyl-quinoxalin-2-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-propenone and (2E)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-1-(3,6,7-trimethyl-quinoxalin-2-yl)-propenone. The former possessed selective activity against proliferative cells (cancer and parasites) and was inactive against murine peritoneal macrophages; the latter was active against Leishmania and inactive against the other tested cells. Furthermore, insilico studies showed that both series respected Lipinski's rules and that they confirmed a linear correlation between trypanocidal activities and LogP. Docking studies revealed that compounds of the second series could interact with the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Estevez
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 152 (Laboratoire de pharmacochimie des substances naturelles et pharmacophores redox), 118, rte de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Burguete A, Pontiki E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Ancizu S, Villar R, Solano B, Moreno E, Torres E, Pérez S, Aldana I, Monge A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new quinoxaline derivatives as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011. [PMID: 21244639 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01076.x.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of novel quinoxaline and quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives. Microwave-assisted methods have been used to optimize reaction times and to improve yields. The tested compounds presented important scavenging activities and promising in vitro inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase (LOX). Two of the best LOX inhibitors (compounds 7b and 8f) were evaluated as in vivo anti-inflammatory agents using the carrageenin-induced edema model. One of them (compound 7b) showed important in vivo anti-inflammatory effect (41%) similar to that of indomethacin (47%) used as the reference drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Burguete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ancizu S, Moreno E, Solano B, Villar R, Burguete A, Torres E, Pérez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Monge A. New 3-methylquinoxaline-2-carboxamide 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives as anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:2713-9. [PMID: 20233660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.Tb) is a bacillus capable of causing a chronic and fatal condition in humans known as tuberculosis (TB). It is estimated that there are 8 million new cases of TB per year and 3.1 million infected people die annually. Thirty-six new amide quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated as potential anti-tubercular agents, obtaining biological values similar to the reference compound, Rifampin (RIF).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Ancizu
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ancizu S, Moreno E, Torres E, Burguete A, Pérez-Silanes S, Benítez D, Villar R, Solano B, Marín A, Aldana I, Cerecetto H, González M, Monge A. Heterocyclic-2-carboxylic acid (3-cyano-1,4-di-N-oxidequinoxalin-2-yl)amide derivatives as hits for the development of neglected disease drugs. Molecules 2009; 14:2256-72. [PMID: 19553897 PMCID: PMC6254273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14062256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neglected diseases represent a major health problem. It is estimated that one third of the world population is infected with tuberculosis (TB). Besides TB, Chagas disease, affects approximately 20 million people. Quinoxalines display great activities against TB and Chagas. Forty new quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been prepared and tested against M. tuberculosis and T. cruzi. Carboxylic acid quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides (CAQDOs) 5 and 17 showed MIC values on the same order as the reference antituberculosis drug, rifampicin. Meanwhile, CAQDOs 12 and 22 presented IC(50) values in the same order as the anti-chagasic drug, nifurtimox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Ancizu
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Elsa Moreno
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Enrique Torres
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Asunción Burguete
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Silvia Pérez-Silanes
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Diego Benítez
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias/Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; E-mails: (D.B.), (H.C.)
| | - Raquel Villar
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Beatriz Solano
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Adoración Marín
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Ignacio Aldana
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias/Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; E-mails: (D.B.), (H.C.)
| | - Mercedes González
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias/Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; E-mails: (D.B.), (H.C.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mails: (A.M.), (M.G.)
| | - Antonio Monge
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mails: (A.M.), (M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Burguete A, Estevez Y, Castillo D, González G, Villar R, Solano B, Vicente E, Silanes SP, Aldana I, Monge A, Sauvain M, Deharo E. Anti-leishmanial and structure-activity relationship of ring substituted 3-phenyl-1-(1,4-di-N-oxide quinoxalin-2-yl)-2-propen-1-one derivatives. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2009; 103:778-80. [PMID: 19148416 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762008000800006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of ring substituted 3-phenyl-1-(1,4-di-N-oxide quinoxalin-2-yl)-2-propen-1-one derivatives were synthesized and tested for in vitro leishmanicidal activity against amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis in axenical cultures and murine infected macrophages. Structure-activity relationships demonstrated the importance of a radical methoxy at position R3', R4' and R5'. (2E)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-1-(3,6,7-trimethyl-1,4-dioxy-quinoxalin-2-yl)-propenone was the most active. Cytotoxicity on macrophages revealed that this product was almost six times more active than toxic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Burguete
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vicente E, Pérez-Silanes S, Lima LM, Ancizu S, Burguete A, Solano B, Villar R, Aldana I, Monge A. Selective activity against Mycobacteriumtuberculosis of new quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides. Bioorg Med Chem 2009. [PMID: 19058970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.086.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
New series of 3-phenylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide with selective activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been prepared and evaluated. Thirty-four of the seventy tested compounds showed an MIC value less than 0.2 microg/mL, a value on the order of the MIC of rifampicin. Furthermore, 45% of the evaluated derivatives showed a good in vitro activity/toxicity ratio. The most active and selective compounds carry a fluorine atom in the quinoxaline 7-position or in the phenyl substituent para-position. In conclusion, the potency, low cytotoxicity and selectivity of these compounds make them valid lead compounds for synthesizing new analogues, particularly compound 7-methyl-3-(4'-fluoro)phenylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-di-N-oxide (MIC <0.2 microg/mL and SI > 500).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vicente
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31080 Pamplona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vicente E, Villar R, Burguete A, Solano B, Pérez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Maddry JA, Lenaerts AJ, Franzblau SG, Cho SH, Monge A, Goldman RC. Efficacy of quinoxaline-2-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives in experimental tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 52:3321-6. [PMID: 18625764 PMCID: PMC2533452 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00379-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 05/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study extends earlier reports regarding the in vitro efficacies of the 1,4-di-N-oxide quinoxaline derivatives against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has led to the discovery of a derivative with in vivo efficacy in the mouse model of tuberculosis. Quinoxaline-2-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives were tested in vitro against a broad panel of single-drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. The susceptibilities of these strains to some compounds were comparable to those of strain H(37)Rv, as indicated by the ratios of MICs for resistant and nonresistant strains, supporting the premise that 1,4-di-N-oxide quinoxaline derivatives have a novel mode of action unrelated to those of the currently used antitubercular drugs. Specific derivatives were further evaluated in a series of in vivo assays, including evaluations of the maximum tolerated doses, the levels of oral bioavailability, and the efficacies in a low-dose aerosol model of tuberculosis in mice. One compound, ethyl 7-chloro-3-methylquinoxaline-2-carboxylate 1,4-dioxide, was found to be (i) active in reducing CFU counts in both the lungs and spleens of infected mice following oral administration, (ii) active against PA-824-resistant Mycobacterium bovis, indicating that the pathway of bioreduction/activation is different from that of PA-824 (a bioreduced nitroimidazole that is in clinical trials), and (iii) very active against nonreplicating bacteria adapted to low-oxygen conditions. These data indicate that 1,4-di-N-oxide quinoxalines hold promise for the treatment of tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vicente
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vicente E, Lima LM, Bongard E, Charnaud S, Villar R, Solano B, Burguete A, Perez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Vivas L, Monge A. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 3-phenylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives as antimalarial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2008. [PMID: 18215443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.11.024.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our research and with the aim of obtaining new antimalarial agents, new series of 3-phenylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been synthesized following the classical Beirut reaction. Antiplasmodial activity was evaluated in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum by the incorporation of [3H]-hypoxanthine. Cytotoxicity was tested in KB cells by AlamarBlue assay. Twenty-one of the 60 compounds that were assayed against 3D7 (CQ-sensitive) showed enough activity to be also evaluated against K1 (CQ-resistant) strain. Ten of them were shown to be more active than chloroquine in the resistant strain. The most interesting compounds are 7-(methyl or methoxy)-3-(4'-fluoro or chloro)phenylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-di-N-oxides because of their low IC50 and their high SI shown for the K1 strain, making them valid new leads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vicente
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vicente E, Villar R, Burguete A, Solano B, Ancizu S, Pérez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Monge A. Substitutions of fluorine atoms and phenoxy groups in the synthesis of quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives. Molecules 2008; 13:86-95. [PMID: 18259132 PMCID: PMC6245059 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The unexpected substitution of fluorine atoms and phenoxy groups attached to quinoxaline or benzofuroxan rings is described. The synthesis of 2-benzyl- and 2-phenoxy-3-methylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives was based on the classical Beirut reaction. The tendency of fluorine atoms linked to quinoxaline or benzofuroxan rings to be replaced by a methoxy group when dissolved in an ammonia saturated solution of methanol was clearly demonstrated. In addition, 2-phenoxyquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives became 2-aminoquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives in the presence of gaseous ammonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ignacio Aldana
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: (for I. Aldana)
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vicente E, Charnaud S, Bongard E, Villar R, Burguete A, Solano B, Ancizu S, Pérez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Vivas L, Monge A. Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of 3-furyl and 3-thienylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives. Molecules 2008; 13:69-77. [PMID: 18259130 PMCID: PMC6245472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify new compounds active against Plasmodium falciparum based on our previous research carried out on 3-phenyl-quinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives. Twelve compounds were synthesized and evaluated for antimalarial activity. Eight of them showed an IC(50) less than 1 microM against the 3D7 strain. Derivative 1 demonstrated high potency (IC(50)= 0.63 microM) and good selectivity (SI=10.35), thereby becoming a new lead-compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vicente
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Charnaud
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Bongard
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Raquel Villar
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Asunción Burguete
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Solano
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Saioa Ancizu
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia Pérez-Silanes
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Aldana
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Livia Vivas
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Monge
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vicente E, Lima LM, Bongard E, Charnaud S, Villar R, Solano B, Burguete A, Perez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Vivas L, Monge A. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 3-phenylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives as antimalarial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 43:1903-10. [PMID: 18215443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our research and with the aim of obtaining new antimalarial agents, new series of 3-phenylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been synthesized following the classical Beirut reaction. Antiplasmodial activity was evaluated in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum by the incorporation of [3H]-hypoxanthine. Cytotoxicity was tested in KB cells by AlamarBlue assay. Twenty-one of the 60 compounds that were assayed against 3D7 (CQ-sensitive) showed enough activity to be also evaluated against K1 (CQ-resistant) strain. Ten of them were shown to be more active than chloroquine in the resistant strain. The most interesting compounds are 7-(methyl or methoxy)-3-(4'-fluoro or chloro)phenylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-di-N-oxides because of their low IC50 and their high SI shown for the K1 strain, making them valid new leads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vicente
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Burguete A, Pontiki E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Villar R, Vicente E, Solano B, Ancizu S, Pérez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Monge A. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant activities of some new ring substituted 3-phenyl-1-(1,4-di-N-oxide quinoxalin-2-yl)-2-propen-1-one derivatives and of their 4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole analogues. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:6439-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
17
|
Solano B, Junnotula V, Marín A, Villar R, Burguete A, Vicente E, Pérez-Silanes S, Aldana I, Monge A, Dutta S, Sarkar U, Gates KS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 2-arylcarbonyl-3-trifluoromethylquinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives and their reduced analogues. J Med Chem 2007; 50:5485-92. [PMID: 17910426 DOI: 10.1021/jm0703993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our research in the quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide new series of 2-arylcarbonyl-3-trifluoromethylquinoxaline, 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated in a full panel of 60 human tumor cell lines. Selective reductions were carried out on two compounds which allowed us to determine the compound structures by comparison of the 1H NMR spectra. In general, all the di-N-oxidized compounds showed good cytotoxic parameters. The best activity was observed in derivatives with electron-withdrawing groups in position 6 or 7 on the quinoxaline ring and in the unsubstituted analogues, whereas loss of one or two oxygens reduced the cytotoxicity. The best five compounds were selected for evaluation for the in vivo hollow fiber assays. In vitro studies reveal that compound 5h efficiently generates reactive oxygen species via redox cycling in the presence of the NADPH/cytochrome P450 enzyme system, providing a plausible molecular mechanism for the observed aerobic cytotoxicity of these quinoxaline N-oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Solano
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea s/n, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pérez-Luque E, Malacara JM, Olivo-Díaz A, Aláez C, Debaz H, Vázquez-Garcia M, Garay ME, Nava LE, Burguete A, Gorodezky C. Contribution of HLA class II genes to end stage renal disease in mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hum Immunol 2000; 61:1031-8. [PMID: 11082516 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(00)00174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the contribution of MHC class II genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with end stage renal disease (ESRD), we examined the distribution of HLA-DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 loci in Mexican Mestizos of Central Mexico, using PCR-SSOP and PCR-SSP. Three groups were included: 47 type 2 diabetic ESRD patients; 42 patients with ESRD and 50 type 2 DM patients with no kidney complication. The results were compared with those of 101 controls of the same area. The median since DM was first diagnosed, was 18 years prior to the onset of ESRD. The frequencies of DRB1*1502 and DQB1*0501 were increased in DM patients with ESRD (p = 0.004; RR = 7.4, CI = 1.5-37; EF = 0. 13; p = 0.007; RR = 2.9, CI = 2.3-3.5, EF = 0.21, respectively). In contrast, DRB1*0407 was decreased in the same group (p = 0.0008, RR = 0.2; CI = 0.035-0.70, PF = 0.19). Diabetic patients with DRB1*1502 are 8.8 times more likely to develop ESRD, independently of the duration time of DM. DRB1*1502 contributes to the susceptibility to ESRD while DRB1*0407 is involved in protection. The residue at DRB1-74 differs in these alleles: DRB1*0407 has glutamic acid and DRB1*1502 has an alanine, suggesting that this substitution may be important for both, peptide anchoring and for presentation to the T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Pérez-Luque
- Department of Immunogenetics, InDRE, SSA, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Alaez C, del Pilar Mora M, Arellanes L, Cano S, Perez-Luque E, Vazquez MN, Olivo A, Burguete A, Hernandez A, Pedroza M, Gorodezky C. Strong association of HLA class II sequences in Mexicans with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's disease. Hum Immunol 1999; 60:875-82. [PMID: 10527396 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(99)00024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's syndrome (VKH) is an autoimmune disease prevalent in Mongoloids with evident participation of HLA. The aim of this study was to identify the class II DNA sequences involved in the etiopathogenesis of VKH in Mexican Mestizos. This study included 46 VKH patients and 170 controls. 75% were females (mean age at onset of 33.5 years). The disease evolved to chronicity (68%) and 25% of the patients were unresponsive to corticotherapy. DNA typing of HLA-DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 was done following the 12th International Histocompatibility protocols. VKH was strongly dependent of DRB1 gene; DRB1*04 was found in 78.2% of the patients vs. 50.6% of the controls (p = 0.001). No particular DRB*04 subtype was significantly increased, suggesting that residues E-9 V-11; H-13; H-33 and Y-37 shared by all DR4s are implicated in susceptibility to VKH. However DRB1*0101 (p = 0.009, OR = 4.2) was clearly associated. This allele shares the motif LLEQRRAAG located at position 67-74 and 86 of DRB1 with *0405 associated in Japanese. Two HLA associated mechanisms may be triggering the autoimmune phenomena. One involving critical polymorphic residues expressed in different alleles. Secondly, some peptides may anchor to the conserved residues leaving other sequences to bind to the T cell receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Alaez
- Department of Immunogenetics of Instituto Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, SSA, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vázquez-García MN, Aláez C, Olivo A, Debaz H, Pérez-Luque E, Burguete A, Cano S, de la Rosa G, Bautista N, Hernández A, Bandera J, Torres LF, Kershenobich D, Alvarez F, Gorodezky C. MHC class II sequences of susceptibility and protection in Mexicans with autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 1998; 28:985-90. [PMID: 9672174 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(98)80347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Autoimmune hepatitis has a genetic background associated with different HLA DRB1 alleles depending on the ethnic group. The aim of this study was to analyse the immunogenetics of type I autoimmune hepatitis in Mexicans. METHODS Thirty Mexican Mestizo patients and 175 healthy controls were HLA typed as follows: class I antigens were determined by microlymphocytotoxicity and class II typing was done on DNA samples using PCR-SSO and PCR-SSP for DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 loci. RESULTS A significant association of autoimmune hepatitis with DRB1*0404 was found, (chi2Y=19.95, pc=0.002, RR=7.71), suggesting the presence of a susceptibility gene located at the DRB1 locus. Resistance was at least partially due to a DQB1 gene, since a significant decrease in DQB1*0301 was also detected (chi2Y=8.21, pc=0.04). Analysis of subgroups according to age at onset showed an association with DRB1*0404 (chi2Y=4.31, p=0.04) in patients with late onset (after 30 years), while DQA1*0501 (chi2Y=5.12, p=0.02) was increased in the early onset group. CONCLUSIONS The possible mechanism of HLA association is due to "shared epitopes", since DRB1*0404, and those found in other populations namely, DRB1*0401, *0405 and *0301 share almost the same sequence at position 67-72 (LLEQRR, R or K at 71). Valine-86 is also relevant to the age at onset because DRB1*0404 is increased in the patients with an average age at onset of 32. These findings are relevant in determining which peptides in the liver are targets for T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M N Vázquez-García
- Department of Immunogenetics, Instituto Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, SSA, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vázquez-García M, Alaez C, Olivo A, Debaz H, Pérez-Luque E, De La Rosa G, Cano S, Burguete A, Bandera J, Kershenobich D, Gorodezky C. Molecular analysis of Class II sequences involved in autoimmune hepatitis in Mexicans. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)85670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|