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Sandulovici RC, Carmen-Marinela M, Grigoroiu A, Moldovan CA, Savin M, Ordeanu V, Voicu SN, Cord D, Costache GM, Galatanu ML, Popescu M, Sarbu I, Mati E, Ionescu LE, Neagu R, Ţucureanu V, Claudia RM, Mihalache I, Romanitan C, Piperea-Sianu A, Boldeiu A, Brincoveanu O, Manea CE, Firtat B, Muscalu GS, Dragomir D. The Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Silver/Gold Nanoparticles Obtained by "Green Synthesis" from Willow Bark and Their Formulations as Potential Innovative Pharmaceutical Substances. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010048. [PMID: 36678545 PMCID: PMC9867178 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Green chemistry is a pharmaceutical industry tool, which, when implemented correctly, can lead to a minimization in resource consumption and waste. An aqueous extract of Salix alba L. was employed for the efficient and rapid synthesis of silver/gold particle nanostructures via an inexpensive, nontoxic and eco-friendly procedure. The nanoparticles were physicochemically characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with the best stability of up to one year in the solution obtained for silver nanoparticles without any chemical additives. A comparison of the antimicrobial effect of silver/gold nanoparticles and their formulations (hydrogels, ointments, aqueous solutions) showed that both metallic nanoparticles have antibacterial and antibiofilm effects, with silver-based hydrogels having particularly high antibiofilm efficiency. The highest antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacies were obtained against Pseudomonas aeruginosa when using silver nanoparticle hydrogels, with antibiofilm efficacies of over 75% registered. The hydrogels incorporating green nanoparticles displayed a 200% increased bacterial efficiency when compared to the controls and their components. All silver nanoparticle formulations were ecologically obtained by "green synthesis" and were shown to have an antimicrobial effect or potential as keratinocyte-acting pharmaceutical substances for ameliorating infectious psoriasis wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihailescu Carmen-Marinela
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.-M.); (L.E.I.)
| | - Alexandru Grigoroiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Aura Moldovan
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Savin
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorel Ordeanu
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
- “Cantacuzino” National Institute for Medical-Military Research-Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina Nicoleta Voicu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Cord
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Mariana Popescu
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iulian Sarbu
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Erand Mati
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucia Elena Ionescu
- “Cantacuzino” National Institute for Medical-Military Research-Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.-M.); (L.E.I.)
| | - Răzvan Neagu
- “Cantacuzino” National Institute for Medical-Military Research-Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vasilica Ţucureanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rîmbu Mirela Claudia
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Mihalache
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cosmin Romanitan
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Adina Boldeiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Brincoveanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Elisabeta Manea
- Pharmacy Faculty, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 16 Sincai, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Bogdan Firtat
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Stelian Muscalu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
| | - David Dragomir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 72996 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
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Tutunaru O, Mihailescu CM, Savin M, Tincu BC, Stoian MC, Muscalu GS, Firtat B, Dinulescu S, Craciun G, Moldovan CA, Ficai A, Ion AC. Acetylcholinesterase entrapment onto carboxyl-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanocomposite, film electrosynthesis characterization, and sensor application for dichlorvos detection in apple juice. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ion M, Dinulescu S, Firtat B, Savin M, Ionescu ON, Moldovan C. Design and Fabrication of a New Wearable Pressure Sensor for Blood Pressure Monitoring. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21062075. [PMID: 33809497 PMCID: PMC8000553 DOI: 10.3390/s21062075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, research into the field of materials for flexible sensors and fabrication techniques directed towards wearable devices has helped to raise awareness of the need for new sensors with healthcare applicability. Our goal was to create a wearable flexible pressure sensor that could be integrated into a clinically approved blood pressure monitoring device. The sensor is built from a microfluidic channel encapsulated between two polymer layers, one layer being covered by metal transducers and the other being a flexible membrane containing the microfluidic channel, which also acts as a sealant for the structure. The applied external pressure deforms the channel, causing changes in resistance to the microfluidic layer. Electrical characterization has been performed in 5 different configurations, using alternating current (AC) and (DC) direct current measurements. The AC measurements for the fabricated pressure sensor resulted in impedance values at tens of hundreds of kOhm. Our sensor proved to have a high sensitivity for pressure values between 0 and 150 mm Hg, being subjected to repeatable external forces. The novelty presented in our work consists in the unique technological flow for the fabrication of the flexible wearable pressure sensor. The proposed miniaturized pressure sensor will ensure flexibility, low production cost and ease of use. It is made of very sensitive microfluidic elements and biocompatible materials and can be integrated into a wearable cuffless device for continuous blood pressure monitoring.
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Labadi Z, Kalas B, Saftics A, Illes L, Jankovics H, Bereczk-Tompa É, Sebestyén A, Tóth É, Kakasi B, Moldovan C, Firtat B, Gartner M, Gheorghe M, Vonderviszt F, Fried M, Petrik P. Sensing Layer for Ni Detection in Water Created by Immobilization of Bioengineered Flagellar Nanotubes on Gold Surfaces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3811-3820. [PMID: 33463317 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The environmental monitoring of Ni is targeted at a threshold limit value of 0.34 μM, as set by the World Health Organization. This sensitivity target can usually only be met by time-consuming and expensive laboratory measurements. There is a need for inexpensive, field-applicable methods, even if they are only used for signaling the necessity of a more accurate laboratory investigation. In this work, bioengineered, protein-based sensing layers were developed for Ni detection in water. Two bacterial Ni-binding flagellin variants were fabricated using genetic engineering, and their applicability as Ni-sensitive biochip coatings was tested. Nanotubes of mutant flagellins were built by in vitro polymerization. A large surface density of the nanotubes on the sensor surface was achieved by covalent immobilization chemistry based on a dithiobis(succimidyl propionate) cross-linking method. The formation and density of the sensing layer was monitored and verified by spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements revealed a Ni sensitivity below 1 μM. It was also shown that, even after two months of storage, the used sensors can be regenerated and reused by rinsing in a 10 mM solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Labadi
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest 1121, Hungary
| | - Benjamin Kalas
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest 1121, Hungary
| | - Andras Saftics
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest 1121, Hungary
| | - Levente Illes
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest 1121, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Jankovics
- Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8200, Hungary
| | - Éva Bereczk-Tompa
- Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8200, Hungary
| | - Anett Sebestyén
- Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8200, Hungary
| | - Éva Tóth
- Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8200, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kakasi
- Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8200, Hungary
| | - Carmen Moldovan
- National Institute for Research & Development in Microtechnologies, Bucharest 077190, Romania
| | - Bogdan Firtat
- National Institute for Research & Development in Microtechnologies, Bucharest 077190, Romania
| | - Mariuca Gartner
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | | | - Ferenc Vonderviszt
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest 1121, Hungary.,Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8200, Hungary
| | - Miklos Fried
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest 1121, Hungary.,Institute of Microelectronics and Technology, Óbuda University, Budapest 1034, Hungary
| | - Peter Petrik
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest 1121, Hungary
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Mihailescu CM, Stan D, Savin M, Moldovan CA, Dinulescu S, Radulescu CH, Firtat B, Muscalu G, Brasoveanu C, Ion M, Dragomir D, Stan D, Ion AC. Platform with biomimetic electrochemical sensors for adiponectin and leptin detection in human serum. Talanta 2020; 210:120643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Moldovan C, Dobrescu L, Ristoiu V, Firtat B, Dinulescu S, Brasoveanu C, Ion M, Dobrescu D, Gheorghe R, Pascalau AM, Pogarasteanu M, Coculescu BI, Oproiu AM. Experimental Measurements in the Acquisition of Biosignals from a Neuronal Cell Culture for an Exoprosthesis Command. Rev Chim 2018. [DOI: 10.37358/rc.18.10.6658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This article presents experimental measurements performed in order to connect a neuronal cell culture to an exoprosthesis. The experiments focused on the biosignals� acquisition from the cell culture. A special gold-plated glass plate device was realized and several constructive variants were analyzed. A Olympus microscope with fluorescence and photo system was used. The acquisition of bio signals from the neuron culture is realized and described in the paper. The measurements were made in the sterile environment within the laboratory of Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology. The measurements have been made for the pair of electrodes 1-1 at the edge of the glass plate.
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Hansraj KK, Hansraj JA, Griffin-Hansraj MD, Kiernan J, Subesan N, Firtat B, Elsisi A. Backpack Forces on the Spine. Surg Technol Int 2018; 33:361-365. [PMID: 30204924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT Backpacks are standard load carriers for people of all ages, especially school children and the military. Previous studies have described the impact of the forces exerted by backpacks on load distribution, back pain, and gait. The objective of this study was to use finite element analysis (FEA) to assess the effects of incremental weights in a backpack on the spine. METHODS To assess the forces experienced by the spine under the incremental addition of weight to a backpack, we performed a finite element simulation using commercially available 'BodyParts3D/Anatomography' data, which were imported into FEA software. We studied two different scenarios: 1) a regular backpack with incrementally placed weights using both shoulder straps with the spine in a neutral position, and 2) a regular backpack with incrementally placed weights using both shoulder straps with the spine tilted forward 20 degrees. The spine model was physiologically accurate. RESULTS For all of the added weights examined (1-100 pounds; 0.45-45.36 kg), the force experienced by the neutral spine was 7.2-fold the added weight. For the 20 degrees-forward posture, this value rose to 11.6-fold. CONCLUSIONS These findings should help to clarify the forces experienced by the spine due to objects in a backpack. For example, this should help spinal surgeons to better understand the tremendous importance of sagittal plane alignment in planning their surgical reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K Hansraj
- New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine, Hudson Valley, NY Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY
| | - Jonathan A Hansraj
- New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine, Hudson Valley, NY Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY
| | - Marcia D Griffin-Hansraj
- New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine, Hudson Valley, NY Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY
| | - James Kiernan
- New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine, Hudson Valley, NY Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY
| | - Niro Subesan
- New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine, Hudson Valley, NY Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY
| | - Bogdan Firtat
- New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine, Hudson Valley, NY Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY
| | - Alaa Elsisi
- New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine, Hudson Valley, NY Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Poughkeepsie, NY
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Chesler P, Hornoiu C, Mihaiu S, Vladut C, Calderon Moreno JM, Anastasescu M, Moldovan C, Firtat B, Brasoveanu C, Muscalu G, Stan I, Gartner M. Nanostructured SnO 2-ZnO composite gas sensors for selective detection of carbon monoxide. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2016; 7:2045-2056. [PMID: 28144552 PMCID: PMC5238679 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A series of SnO2-ZnO composite nanostructured (thin) films with different amounts of SnO2 (from 0 to 50 wt %) was prepared and deposited on a miniaturized porous alumina transducer using the sol-gel and dip coating method. The transducer, developed by our research group, contains Au interdigital electrodes on one side and a Pt heater on the other side. The sensing films were characterized using SEM and AFM techniques. Highly toxic and flammable gases (CO, CO2, CH4, and C3H8) were tested under lab conditions (carrier gas was dry air) using a special gas sensing cell developed by our research group. The gas concentrations varied between 5 and 2000 ppm and the optimum working temperatures were in the range of 210-300 °C. It was found that the sensing performance was influenced by the amount of oxide components present in the composite material. Improved sensing performance was achieved for the ZnO (98 wt %)-SnO2 (2 wt %) composite as compared to the sensors containing only the pristine oxides. The sensor response, cross-response and recovery characteristics of the analyzed materials are reported. The high sensitivity (RS = 1.21) to low amounts of CO (5 ppm) was reported for the sensor containing a composite sensitive film with ZnO (98 wt %)-SnO2 (2 wt %). This sensor response to CO was five times higher as compared to its response to CO2, CH4, and C3H8, thus the sensor is considered to be selective for CO under these test conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Chesler
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Hornoiu
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Susana Mihaiu
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Vladut
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jose Maria Calderon Moreno
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Anastasescu
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Moldovan
- National Institute for Research and Development in Micro-technologies, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Firtat
- National Institute for Research and Development in Micro-technologies, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Costin Brasoveanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Micro-technologies, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Muscalu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Micro-technologies, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Stan
- Romelgen SRL, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariuca Gartner
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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Moldovan C, Iosub R, Codreanu C, Firtat B, Necula D, Brasoveanu C, Stan I. Miniaturized integrated platform for electrical and optical monitoring of cell cultures. Sensors (Basel) 2012; 12:11372-90. [PMID: 23112661 PMCID: PMC3472889 DOI: 10.3390/s120811372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The following paper describes the design and functions of a miniaturized integrated platform for optical and electrical monitoring of cell cultures and the necessary steps in the fabrication and testing of a silicon microchip Micro ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS)-based technology for cell data recording, monitoring and stimulation. The silicon microchip consists of a MEMS machined device containing a shank of 240 μm width, 3 mm long and 50 μm thick and an enlarged area of 5 mm × 5 mm hosting the pads for electrical connections. Ten platinum electrodes and five sensors are placed on the shank and are connected with the external electronics through the pads. The sensors aim to monitor the pH, the temperature and the impedance of the cell culture. The electrodes are bidirectional and can be used both for electrical potential recording and stimulation of cells. The fabrication steps are presented, along with the electrical and optical characterization of the system. The target of the research is to develop a new and reconfigurable platform according to the particular applications needs, as a tool for the biologist, chemists and medical doctors working is the field of cell culture monitoring in terms of growth, maintenance conditions, reaction to electrical or chemical stimulation (drugs, toxicants, etc.). HaCaT (Immortalised Human Keratinocyte) cell culture has been used for demonstration purposes in order to provide information on the platform electrical and optical functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Moldovan
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126 Erou Iancu Nicolae, Bucharest 077190, Romania; E-Mails: (R.I.); (C.C.); (B.F.); (D.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Rodica Iosub
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126 Erou Iancu Nicolae, Bucharest 077190, Romania; E-Mails: (R.I.); (C.C.); (B.F.); (D.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Cecilia Codreanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126 Erou Iancu Nicolae, Bucharest 077190, Romania; E-Mails: (R.I.); (C.C.); (B.F.); (D.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Bogdan Firtat
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126 Erou Iancu Nicolae, Bucharest 077190, Romania; E-Mails: (R.I.); (C.C.); (B.F.); (D.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Daniel Necula
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126 Erou Iancu Nicolae, Bucharest 077190, Romania; E-Mails: (R.I.); (C.C.); (B.F.); (D.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Costin Brasoveanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126 Erou Iancu Nicolae, Bucharest 077190, Romania; E-Mails: (R.I.); (C.C.); (B.F.); (D.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Ion Stan
- Romelgen SRL, Ion Berindei 11, Sector 2, Bucharest 077190, Romania; E-Mail:
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