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Minhas A, Whitlock K, Rosenfelt C, Shatto J, Finlay B, Zwicker J, Lippe S, Jacquemont S, Hagerman R, Murias K, Bolduc FV. Analyzing the Quality of Life in Individuals with Fragile X Syndrome in Relation to Sleep and Mental Health. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06317-2. [PMID: 38653851 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to examine the physical, emotional, social and school functioning domains of quality of life of individuals with Fragile X Syndrome, in relation to mental health and sleep patterns to gain a better understanding of how these aspects are affected by the disorder. This study included 119 individuals with Fragile X Syndrome who were given different cognitive examinations by a neuropsychologist or by parent-proxy questionnaires. This study focused on the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQoL), the Anxiety, Depression and Mood Scale (ADAMS), the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), but did include other cognitive tests (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales, Nonverbal IQ, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule). We identified significant associations between decreases in emotional, social and school domains of PedsQoL and the ADAMS subtests of Generalized Anxiety, Manic/Hyperactivity and Obsessive/Compulsivity, with the subtest of Depressed Mood having associations with lower physical and emotional domains. We also identified a significant impact between CSHQ subtests of Sleep Anxiety, Night Wakings, Daytime Sleepiness, and Parasomnia with the emotional and school domains of PedsQoL. There were associations connecting school functioning with Bedtime Resistance, and additional associations connecting emotional functioning with Sleep Duration and Sleep Onset Delay. Physical functioning was also associated with Sleep Anxiety. Our study shows how mental health and sleep defects impact improper sleep patterns and mental health which leads to decreases in the quality of life for individuals with FXS, and how it is important to screen for these symptoms in order to alleviate issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Minhas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kerri Whitlock
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cory Rosenfelt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Julie Shatto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zwicker
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippe
- Hopital Sainte-Justine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Randi Hagerman
- MIND Institute, University of California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kara Murias
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Francois V Bolduc
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Women and Children Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Materula D, Currie G, Jia XY, Finlay B, Richard C, Yohemas M, Lachuk G, Estes M, Dewan T, MacEachern S, Gall N, Gibbard B, Zwicker JD. Measure what matters: considerations for outcome measurement of care coordination for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and medical complexity. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1280981. [PMID: 38026305 PMCID: PMC10656699 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1280981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Care Coordination (CC) is a significant intervention to enhance family's capacity in caring for children with neurodevelopmental disability and medical complexity (NDD-MC). CC assists with integration of medical and behavioral care and services, partnerships with medical and community-based supports, and access to medical, behavioral, and educational supports and services. Although there is some consensus on the principles that characterize optimal CC for children with NDD-MC, challenges remain in measuring and quantifying the impacts of CC related to these principles. Two key challenges include: (1) identification of measures that capture CC impacts from the medical system, care provider, and family perspectives; and (2) recognition of the important community context outside of a hospital or clinical setting. Methods This study used a multilevel model variant of the triangulation mixed methods design to assess the impact of a CC project implemented in Alberta, Canada, on family quality of life, resource use, and care integration at the broader environmental and household levels. At the broader environmental level, we used linked administrative data. At the household level we used quantitative pre-post survey datasets, and aggregate findings from qualitative interviews to measure group-level impacts and an embedded multiple-case design to draw comparisons, capture the nuances of children with NDD-MC and their families, and expand on factors driving the high variability in outcome measures. Three theoretical propositions formed the basis of the analytical strategy for our case study evidence to explore factors affecting the high variability in outcome measures. Discussion This study expanded on the factors used to measure the outcomes of CC and adds to our understanding of how CC as an intervention impacts resource use, quality of life, and care integration of children with NDD-MC and their families. Given the heterogeneous nature of this population, evaluation studies that account for the variable and multi-level impacts of CC interventions are critical to inform practice, implementation, and policy of CC for children with NDD-MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dércia Materula
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Genevieve Currie
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xiao Yang Jia
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Gina Lachuk
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Myka Estes
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Sarah MacEachern
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nadine Gall
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ben Gibbard
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer D. Zwicker
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Shikako K, Lencucha R, Hunt M, Jodoin-Pilon S, Chandra A, Katalifos A, Gonzalez M, Yamaguchi S, Cardoso R, Elsabbagh M, Hudon A, Martens R, Cogburn D, Seth A, Currie G, Roth C, Finlay B, Zwicker J. Children with Disabilities in Canada during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of COVID-19 Policies through a Disability Rights Lens. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:942. [PMID: 37371173 DOI: 10.3390/children10060942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Children with disabilities were especially vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic, and policies designed to mitigate its effects were limited in addressing their needs. We analyzed Canadian policies related to children with disabilities and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify the extent to which these policies aligned with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD) and responded to their mental health needs by conducting a systematic collection of Canadian provincial/territorial policies produced during the pandemic, building a categorization dictionary based on the UN CRPD, using text mining, and thematic analysis to identify policies' alignment with the UN CRPD and mental health supports. Mental health was addressed as a factor of importance in many policy documents, but specific interventions to promote or treat mental health were scarce. Most public health policies and recommendations are related to educational settings, demonstrating how public health for children with disabilities relies on education and community that may be out of the healthcare system and unavailable during extended periods of the pandemic. Policies often acknowledged the challenges faced by children with disabilities and their families but offered few mitigation strategies with limited considerations for human rights protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Shikako
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Raphael Lencucha
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Matthew Hunt
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | | | - Ananya Chandra
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Anna Katalifos
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Quebec , QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Miriam Gonzalez
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Sakiko Yamaguchi
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal (D4), Quebec, QC H3G 1Y5, Canada
| | - Roberta Cardoso
- Health Center Research Institute, McGill University, Quebec, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Quebec, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Anne Hudon
- School of Rehabilitation, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X7, Canada
| | | | - Derrick Cogburn
- School of International Service, Institute on Disability and Public Policy, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Ash Seth
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Genevieve Currie
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Christiane Roth
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zwicker
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 1H9, Canada
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Seth A, Finlay B, Currie G, Roth C, Lach L, Hudon A, Lencucha R, Hunt M, Nicholas D, Shikako-Thomas K, Zwicker J. Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pan-Canadian Perspectives From Parents and Caregivers of Youth With Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. J Pediatr Health Care 2023; 37:122-132. [PMID: 36639341 PMCID: PMC9832342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented challenges for youth with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) and their families. Although health measures were implemented to contain the COVID-19 virus, they disrupted public service, profoundly impacting youth and their families' access to services. This study sought to better understand the perspectives and experiences of parents and caregivers of youth with NDD across Canada in accessing services and their mental health needs during the pandemic. METHOD The study used a qualitative research design in which we interviewed 40 parents and caregivers across Canada. RESULTS The results enabled us to understand the impact of service disruptions in significant areas of life, including health, education, employment, and risk mitigation. DISCUSSION Policymakers must consider a disability-inclusive lens during public health emergency planning and response to reduce the disproportionate impacts faced by youth with NDD and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ash Seth
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Brittany Finlay
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Genevieve Currie
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christiane Roth
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lucyna Lach
- Associate Professor, School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Hudon
- Assissant Professor, Assistant professor, School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Raphael Lencucha
- Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthew Hunt
- Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Professor, Associate Dean of Research and Partnerships, Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keiko Shikako-Thomas
- Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zwicker
- Associate Professor, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Finlay B, Wittevrongel K, Materula D, Hébert ML, O'Grady K, Lach LM, Nicholas D, Zwicker JD. Pan-Canadian caregiver experiences in accessing government disability programs: A mixed methods study. Res Dev Disabil 2023; 134:104420. [PMID: 36621140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, little is known about the factors that contribute to the relatively low uptake of government-funded disability programs in Canada. AIM Understand how parents/caregivers of Canadian youth with neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) experience the process of applying for and accessing disability programs. METHODS AND PROCEDURES This mixed methods sequential explanatory study utilized two phases: an online survey (quantitative), followed by semi-structured interviews (qualitative). The quantitative phase gathered sociodemographic information and preliminary information about participant experiences applying for and accessing programs. The qualitative phase provided greater depth by asking participants to describe barriers and facilitators to program access. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS 499 participants completed the online survey and 81 participants completed an interview. Analysis of survey data revealed that many participants are not accessing disability programs and experience difficulty when applying. Regression analyses revealed that factors relating to the process of applying and applicant/family attributes are significantly associated with program access. Inductive thematic analysis of interview data revealed four barriers and three facilitators to access. Integration of findings provided an overview of the multi-faceted journey to program access. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results of this study highlight policy changes that are needed to ensure disability programs adequately support Canadian families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada.
| | - Krystle Wittevrongel
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada.
| | - Dercia Materula
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada.
| | - Michèle L Hébert
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada; Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Canada Central and Northern Alberta Region, 3-250, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton T5J 4P6, AB, Canada.
| | - Kathleen O'Grady
- Simone de Beauvoir Institute, Concordia University, ER building, 2155 Guy St., 6th floor, Montréal H3H 2R9, QC, Canada.
| | - Lucyna M Lach
- School of Social Work, McGill University, 550 Sherbrooke Ouest, Suite 100, Tour Est, Montréal H3A 1B9, QC, Canada.
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Canada Central and Northern Alberta Region, 3-250, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton T5J 4P6, AB, Canada.
| | - Jennifer D Zwicker
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary T2N 1N4, AB, Canada.
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Currie G, Finlay B, Seth A, Roth C, Elsabbagh M, Hudon A, Hunt M, Jodoin S, Lach L, Lencucha R, Nicholas DB, Shakako K, Zwicker J. Mental health challenges during COVID-19: perspectives from parents with children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2136090. [PMID: 36309898 PMCID: PMC9629071 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2136090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The global pandemic and subsequent denials, delays, and disruptions in essential daily activities created significant challenges for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and their parents. Public health restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic limited access to supports and services required by children with NDDs to maintain their health and well-being. Objective This study sought to understand the impacts of these public health measures and restrictions on mental health from the perspective of parents with children with NDDs to inform pathways for public health policies responsive to the needs of this population. Method Interpretive descriptive design was used to guide data collection and data analysis. Forty caregivers were interviewed about their experience with pandemic restrictions. Findings Generic policy measures contributed to many gaps in families’ social support systems and contributed to mental health challenges for children and their parents. Four themes emerged: 1) lack of social networks and activities, 2) lack of access to health and social supports, 3) tension in the family unit, and 4) impact on mental health for children and their parents. Recommendations Emergency preparedness planning requires a disability inclusive approach allocating resources for family supports in the home and community. Families identified supports to minimize further pandemic disruptions and enhance recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Currie
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ashish Seth
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christiane Roth
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Myada Elsabbagh
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | - Anne Hudon
- Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | - Matthew Hunt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | | | - Lucyna Lach
- School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | - Raphael Lencucha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | - David B Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keiko Shakako
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | - Jennifer Zwicker
- School of Public Policy; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Tomas V, Finlay B, Gentles SJ, Campbell M, Gill-Badesha D, Abel C, Zwicker JD, Lai J. Development of Policy Recommendations to Support a National Autism Strategy: Case of a Virtual and Inclusive Stakeholder Engagement Process. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 12:7182. [PMID: 36243947 PMCID: PMC10125094 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2022.7182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Tomas
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen J. Gentles
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Madison Campbell
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carolyn Abel
- Autism Alliance of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- New York University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer D. Zwicker
- School of Public Policy and Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jonathan Lai
- Autism Alliance of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Lamsal R, Finlay B, Whitehurst DGT, Zwicker JD. Generic preference-based health-related quality of life in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2020; 62:169-177. [PMID: 31225644 PMCID: PMC7065222 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe how generic preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments have been used in research involving children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). METHOD A systematic search of nine databases identified studies that used generic preference-based HRQoL instruments in children with NDD. Data extracted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Review guidelines included type of NDD, instrument used, respondent type, justification, and critical appraisal for these selections. RESULTS Thirty-six studies were identified: four cost-utility analyses; 15 HRQoL assessments; five economic burden studies; three intervention studies; and nine 'other'. The Health Utilities Index (Mark 2 and Mark 3) and EuroQoL 5D (EQ-5D; three-level EQ-5D, five-level EQ-5D, and the youth version of the EQ-5D) instruments were most frequently used (44% and 31% respectively). The relatively low use of these instruments overall may be due to a lack of psychometric evidence, inconsistency in justification for and lack of clarity on appropriate respondent type and age, and geographical challenges in applying preference weights. INTERPRETATION This study highlights the dearth of studies using generic preference-based HRQoL instruments in children with NDD. The use of cost-utility analysis in this field is limited and validation of these instruments for children with NDD is needed. The quality of data should be considered before guiding policy and care decisions. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Limited use of generic preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments in studies on children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Only 11% of studies were cost-utility analyses. Inconsistencies in justification for choosing generic preference-based HRQoL instruments and respondent types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Lamsal
- School of Public PolicyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Brittany Finlay
- School of Public PolicyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - David G T Whitehurst
- Faculty of Health SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada,Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and EvaluationVancouver Coastal Health Research InstituteVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Jennifer D Zwicker
- School of Public PolicyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada,Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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Abstract
Despite being recognised and reported in the literature for decades, subungual melanoma of the foot remains a diagnostic pitfall, with it commonly being mistaken for benign conditions. We present an interesting case of delayed diagnosis of subungual melanoma of the hallux that was misdiagnosed in the community for over one year. With melanoma being the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia in 2013, this case serves as a reminder to all clinicians about the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for melanoma of the foot.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Finlay
- 1 Resident Medical Officer, Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia
| | - T Ramachandren
- 1 Resident Medical Officer, Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia
| | - K Hussey
- 3 Consultant Vascular Surgeon, Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia
| | - S Parkyn
- 4 Senior Podiatrist, Lyell McEwin Hospital, South Australia
| | - K Meyer
- 4 Senior Podiatrist, Lyell McEwin Hospital, South Australia
| | - K Barrett
- 4 Senior Podiatrist, Lyell McEwin Hospital, South Australia
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Tourret J, Willing B, Denamur E, Finlay B. P33 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT ALTERS SECRETION OF ILEAL ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES AND GUT MICROBIOTA, AND FAVORS SUBSEQUENT COLONIZATION BY UROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI. Kidney Int Rep 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2016.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Sekirov I, Tam N, Robertson M, Lupp C, Finlay B. Intestinal microbiota balance modulates host susceptibility to infection with enteric pathogenss. CLIN INVEST MED 2007. [DOI: 10.25011/cim.v30i4.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: During our lifetimes we develop a very complex set of interactions with the multitude of microorganisms colonizing our bodies. In the gastrointestinal system, the microbiota is highly important for morphological development, nutrition, and protection against infectious diseases. The gastrointestinal pathogens, enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EHEC and EPEC) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) are food-borne pathogens that cause much morbidity and mortality worldwide. Citrobacter rodentium (Cr) is a mouse pathogen that is used in small animal models to mimic EHEC and EPEC infections.
Methods: We began to characterize the contribution of intestinal microbiota to the progression of these infections. Two main phyla comprise the majority of mouse intestinal microbiota: Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Bacteria from a number of additional phyla are also present in smaller numbers; among them γ-Proteobacteria class, belonging to Proteobacteria phylum, is note-worthy as this class harbours many intestinal pathogens, such as ST and Cr. The mouse intestinal microbiota was perturbed using tetracycline (Tet) and streptomycin (Sm) to increase the proportion of Bacteroidetes in the colonic microbiota, and using vancomycin (Vanc) to create a predominance of Firmicutes. The mice with this perturbed microbiota were infected with ST to investigate the resultant pathology and virulence characteristics, and any additional shifts in microbiota as a result of infection.
Results: Treatment of mice with Sm and Vanc was found to decrease the resistance of mice to colonization with ST, while Tet-treated mice exhibited unchanged colonization resistance. Treatment of mice with gradually increasing doses of Sm, which gradually augmented the proportion of CFB bacteria in the microbiota, resulted in progressively increasing colonization of mice by ST, as well as a step-wise increase in the ST-induced typhlitis, associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers IL-6 and KC. The increasing levels of ST colonization following both Sm and Vanc treatment were associated with an increase in the proportion of γ-Proteobacteria in the cecal and colonic microbiota, as well as a decrease in the total bacterial numbers in both organs.
Conclusions: It is evident that the intestinal microbiota plays a significant role in the host’s response to infection with enteric pathogens, and its composition and numbers are also affected by the offending bacteria. Elucidation of the details regarding the contribution of the microbiota to infectious disease progression will offer novel targets for the future design of superior prevention and treatment methods.
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See R, Roper R, Brunham R, Finlay B. Rapid Response Research - SARS Coronavirus Vaccines and Application of Processes to Other Emerging Infectious Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.2174/1573395054065106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Méresse S, Steele-Mortimer O, Moreno E, Desjardins M, Finlay B, Gorvel JP. Controlling the maturation of pathogen-containing vacuoles: a matter of life and death. Nat Cell Biol 1999; 1:E183-8. [PMID: 10560000 DOI: 10.1038/15620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Once considered to be contained, infectious diseases of bacterial origin are now making a comeback. A lack of innovative therapies and the appearance of drug-resistant pathogens are becoming increasingly serious problems. A better understanding of pathogen-host interactions at the cellular and molecular levels is necessary to define new targets in our fight against microorganisms. In the past few years, the merging of cell biology and microbiology has started to yield critical and often surprising new information on the interactions that occur between various pathogens and their mammalian host cells. Here we focus on the intracellular routing of vacuoles containing microorganisms, as well as on the bacterial effectors and their host-cell targets that control vacuole maturation. We also describe new approaches for isolating microorganism-containing vacuoles and analysing their molecular composition, which will help researchers to define the molecules and mechanisms governing vacuole biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Méresse
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Parc scientifique de Luminy, Case 906, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
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Finlay B, Scheltema KE. Masculinity scores as an artifact of feminist attitude: evidence from a study of lesbians and college women. J Homosex 1999; 37:139-147. [PMID: 10482336 DOI: 10.1300/j082v37n04_09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Data from a sample of lesbian women (n = 58) and college women (n = 129) are analyzed to examine the relationship between feminism (AWS), sexual orientation, and a PAQ-defined masculinity score. While lesbians have higher M scores, they also have very high AWS scores. When AWS is controlled in a multiple regression analysis, the difference on M scores between the two sexual orientation groups disappears. The results support the hypothesis that high masculinity scores for women represent strong self-confidence and independence, characteristics of those with positive feminist outlooks. We also argue that measures of traits such as independence and expressiveness need to be labeled as such, and not as "masculinity" or "femininity."
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Affiliation(s)
- B Finlay
- Department of Sociology, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4351, USA
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MacDonald P, Miniaci A, Fowler P, Marks P, Finlay B. A biomechanical analysis of joint contact forces in the posterior cruciate deficient knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 1996; 3:252-5. [PMID: 8739723 DOI: 10.1007/bf01466628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The approach to the posterior cruciate deficient knee is controversial. The purpose of this study is to document the biomechanical changes in the static cadaveric knee model with simulated physiological loads. Nine fresh cadaveric knees from young donors (aged under 45 years) were mounted on a materials testing machine. Loading was carried out at 0 degrees, 30 degrees and 60 degrees to 1.5 kN with low-pressure sensitive Prescale film (Fuji; Tokyo, Japan) inserted through arthrotomies into the medial and lateral compartments. Computerized analysis of the imprints on the film was then carried out. Tests were then repeated after cutting the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). Results demonstrate a statistically significant posterior subluxation of the tibia on the femur at 60 degrees flexion. This causes a significant increase in contact pressure and pressure concentration on the medial compartment of the knee after cutting the PCL. This may help explain the long-term degenerative changes observed in the medial femoral condyle after cutting the PCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- P MacDonald
- University Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
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Finlay B. The torsional characteristics of human skin in vivo. Biomed Eng 1971; 6:567-73. [PMID: 5158520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Finlay B, Brown I, Stark H. Mechanical and scanning electron-microscopy studies of the behaviour of the human dermis under stress. J Anat 1969; 105:211-2. [PMID: 5803222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Finlay B. Scanning electron microscopy of the human dermis under uni-axial strain. Biomed Eng 1969; 4:322-7. [PMID: 5802467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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