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Southey S, Morris R, Nicholas D, Pilatzke M. Autistic Perspectives on Employment: A Scoping Review. J Occup Rehabil 2024:10.1007/s10926-023-10163-x. [PMID: 38326702 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inclusive recruitment and employment of autistic adults has garnered recent attention in research and policy. To address a need to better understand the experiences of autistic adults in relation to paid employment, we asked the literature, what are the experiences of autistic individuals (from their perspectives) in competitive employment? METHODS A scoping review was conducted to summarize and consolidate the findings across research to date. A systematic search and screen of the literature resulted in 32 relevant studies. FINDINGS Key study characteristics, participant demographics, and thematic findings are shared, along with considerations and recommendations for future research and practice. Six key themes were described by autistic participants across the 32 studies: (1) accessibility of employment, (2) workplace relationships and communication, (3) role alignment, (4) sensory needs and/or mental health, (5) colleagues' knowledge and beliefs about autism, and (6) family and community context. CONCLUSION It is anticipated that the results of this review will be beneficial for stakeholders engaging in discussions and decision-making across research and employment contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Southey
- Faculty of Social Work, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
- The Redpath Centre, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Rae Morris
- School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Rae Morris Counselling Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Bruno G, Chan TA, Zwaigenbaum L, Coombs E, Nicholas D. Indigenous Autism in Canada: A Scoping Review. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06045-z. [PMID: 37480443 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Currently there is a severe lack of research on autism and Indigenous people in Canada. This scoping review explores this literature gap and assesses the same literature from an Indigenous perspective. Scoping reviews are an effective means to explore the literature in a specific area, in this case, autism and Indigenous people in Canada. We explored existing literature as it pertains to Indigenous populations and autism in Canada. To support this review, the Indigenous Quality Assessment Tool (QAT) was adapted to appraise the quality of literature. In total, there were a total of 212 articles identified of which 24 met the inclusion criteria: (1) some focus on autism, (2) a component specific to Indigenous people, and (3) specific to Canada. Of the 24 articles and reports, 15 were peer-reviewed and the rest considered grey literature. Most articles focused on program delivery with some literature using primary data (quantitative and/or qualitative). Overall, the quality of the research was appraised as poor, as determined by the QAT. Findings reaffirm the critical need for research that addresses autism in Indigenous communities within Canada and show the importance of having research done in full partnership with, or led by, Indigenous people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Bruno
- Department of Pediatrics, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, 11405- 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada.
- Samson Cree Nation, Maskwacîs, AB, Canada.
| | | | - Lonnie Zwaigenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta c/o Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital, 10230 111th Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5G 0B, Canada
| | - Emily Coombs
- Department of Educational Psychology, Counselling Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
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Do V, Buchanan F, Gill P, Nicholas D, Wahi G, Bismilla Z, Coffey M, Zhou K, Bayliss A, Selliah P, Sappleton K, Mahant S. Exploring the lived experience of patients and families who speak language other than English (LOE) for healthcare: developing a qualitative study. Res Involv Engagem 2023; 9:49. [PMID: 37430365 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients who use Languages other than English (LOE) for healthcare communication in an English-dominant region are at increased risk for experiencing adverse events and worse health outcomes in healthcare settings, including in pediatric hospitals. Despite the knowledge that individuals who speak LOE have worse health outcomes, they are often excluded from research studies on the basis of language and there is a paucity of data on ways to address these known disparities. Our work aims to address this gap by generating knowledge to improve health outcomes for children with illness and their families with LEP. BODY: We describe an approach to developing a study with individuals marginalized due to using LOE for healthcare communication, specifically using semi-structured qualitative interviews. The premise of this study is participatory research-our overall goal with this systematic inquiry is to, in collaboration with patients and families with LOE, set an agenda for creating actionable change to address the health information disparities these patients and families experience. In this paper we describe our overarching study design principles, a collaboration framework in working with different stakeholders and note important considerations for study design and execution. CONCLUSIONS We have a significant opportunity to improve our engagement with marginalized populations. We also need to develop approaches to including patients and families with LOE in our research given the health disparities they experience. Further, understanding lived experience is critical to advancing efforts to address these well-known health disparities. Our process to develop a qualitative study protocol can serve as an example for engaging this patient population and can serve as a starting point for other groups who wish to develop similar research in this area. Providing high-quality care that meets the needs of marginalized and vulnerable populations is important to achieving an equitable, high-quality health care system. Children and families who use a Language other than English (LOE) in English dominant regions for healthcare have worse health outcomes including a significantly increased risk of experiencing adverse events, longer lengths of stay in hospital settings, and receiving more unnecessary tests and investigations. Despite this, these individuals are often excluded from research studies and the field of participatory research has yet to meaningfully involve them. This paper aims to describe an approach to conducting research with a marginalized population of children and families due to using a LOE. We detail protocol development for a qualitative study exploring the lived experiences of patients and families who use a LOE during hospitalization. We aim to share considerations when conducting research within this population of families with LOE. We highlight learning applied from the field of patient-partner and child and family-centred research and note specific considerations for those with LOE. Developing strong partnerships and adopting a common set of research principles and collaborative framework underlies our approach and initial learnings, which we hope spark additional work in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Do
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Francine Buchanan
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Gill
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gita Wahi
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University and McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Zia Bismilla
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maitreya Coffey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kim Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ann Bayliss
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Children's Health Division, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | | | - Karen Sappleton
- Centre for Innovation and Excellence in Child and Family-Centred Care, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjay Mahant
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tonelli M, Wiebe N, Lunney M, Donald M, Howarth T, Evans J, Klarenbach SW, Nicholas D, Boulton T, Thompson S, Schick Makaroff K, Manns B, Hemmelgarn B. Associations between hearing loss and clinical outcomes: population-based cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 61:102068. [PMID: 37434743 PMCID: PMC10331811 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hearing loss (HL) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, but its clinical consequences and population burden have been incompletely studied. Methods We did a retrospective population-based cohort study of 4,724,646 adults residing in Alberta between April 1, 2004 and March 31, 2019, of whom 152,766 (3.2%) had HL identified using administrative health data. We used administrative data to identify comorbidity and clinical outcomes, including death, myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack, depression, dementia, placement in long-term care (LTC), hospitalization, emergency visits, pressure ulcers, adverse drug events and falls. We used Weibull survival models (binary outcomes) and negative binomial models (rate outcomes) to compare the likelihood of outcomes in those with vs without HL. We calculated population-attributable fractions to estimate the number of binary outcomes associated with HL. Findings The age-sex-standardized prevalence of all 31 comorbidities at baseline was higher among participants with HL than those without. Over median follow-up of 14.4 y and after adjustment for potential confounders at baseline, participants with HL had higher rates of days in hospital (rate ratio 1.65, 95% CI 1.39, 1.97), falls (RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.59, 1.86), adverse drug events (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.35, 1.45), and emergency visits (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.14, 1.28) compared to those without, and higher adjusted hazards of death, myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack, depression, heart failure, dementia, pressure ulcers and LTC placement. The estimated number of people with HL who required new LTC placement annually in Canada was 15,631, of which 1023 were attributable to HL. Corresponding estimates for new dementia among people with HL were 14,959 and 4350, and for stroke/TIA the estimates were 11,582 and 2242. Interpretation HL is common, is often accompanied by substantial comorbidity, and is associated with significant increases in risk for a broad range of adverse clinical outcomes, some of which are potentially preventable. This high population health burden suggests that increased and coordinated investment is needed to improve the care of people with HL. Funding Canadian Institutes of Health Research; David Freeze chair in health services research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha Wiebe
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Meg Lunney
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Maoliosa Donald
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | | | | | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Tiffany Boulton
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada
| | | | | | - Braden Manns
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Au C, L. Drolet J, Kaushik V, Charles G, Franco M, Henton J, Hirning M, McConnell S, Nicholas D, Nickerson A, Ossais J, Shenton H, Sussman T, Verdicchio G, Walsh CA, Wickman J. Impact of COVID-19 on social work field education: Perspectives of Canadian social work students. J Soc Work (Lond) 2023; 23:522-547. [PMID: 38602934 PMCID: PMC10020857 DOI: 10.1177/14680173231162499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Summary Social work field education has experienced major disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, while also embracing new opportunities to grow. The Transforming the Field Education Landscape research partnership developed a cross-sectional web-based survey with closed- and open-ended questions to understand student perceptions of COVID-19's impacts on social work field education. The survey opened during the first wave of the pandemic from July 8 to 29, 2020 and was completed by 367 Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) and Master of Social Work (MSW) students across Canada. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings Respondents experienced reduced practicum hours and placements terminating early or moving online. Students were concerned about gaining adequate experience for future job prospects. They were generally positive about academic institutional responses to COVID-19 but described financial challenges with tuition costs and a lack of paid practica. Respondents were mostly satisfied with practicum supervision. They experienced negative impacts of COVID-19 on mental health with isolation and remote learning and described a lack of institutional mental health support. Students were concerned with missing direct practice skills, while some students reported more flexible hours, access to online events beyond their region, and increased research experience. They expressed a need for practicum flexibility and accommodation. Applications Recommendations include an increase in flexibility and accommodations for practicum students, exchanges of promising and wise field education practices, and accessible postsecondary mental health supports. Professional development opportunities should support graduates who missed learning opportunities in their practicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Au
- Faculty of Social Work, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Julie L. Drolet
- Faculty of Social Work, University of
Calgary, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vibha Kaushik
- Faculty of Social Work, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Grant Charles
- School of Social Work, The University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Marina Hirning
- Faculty of Social Work, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sheri McConnell
- School of Social Work, Memorial University of
Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of
Calgary, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Heather Shenton
- Faculty of Social Work, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tamara Sussman
- School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Jayden Wickman
- Faculty of Social Work, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Nicholas D, Herman E, Clark D, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Abrizah A, Watkinson A, Sims D, ´Świgoń M, Xu J, Serbina G, Jamali HR, Tenopir C, Allard S. The impact of the pandemic on early career researchers' work‐life and scholarly communications: A quantitative aerial analysis. Learned Publishing 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library & Information Science University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | - David Sims
- School of Information Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Marzena ´Świgoń
- Wydział Humanistyczny Uniwersytet Warminsko‐Mazurski Olsztyn Poland
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Galina Serbina
- TSU Research Library Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
| | - Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information and Communication Studies Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
| | - Carol Tenopir
- School of Information Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Suzie Allard
- School of Information Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
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Nicholas D, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Herman E, Abrizah A, Clark D, Serbina G, Sims D, Świgoń M, Xu J, Watkinson A, Jamali HR, Tenopir C, Allard S. ‘Cracks’ in the scholarly communications system: Insights from a longitudinal international study of early career researchers. Learned Publishing 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library & Information Science University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | - Galina Serbina
- TSU Research Library, Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
| | - David Sims
- School of Information Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Marzena Świgoń
- Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Warminsko‐Mazurski Olsztyn Poland
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | | | - Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information and Communication Studies Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
| | - Carol Tenopir
- School of Information Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Suzie Allard
- School of Information Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
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Seth A, Finlay B, Currie G, Roth C, Lach L, Hudon A, Lencucha R, Hunt M, Nicholas D, Shikako-Thomas K, Zwicker J. Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pan-Canadian Perspectives From Parents and Caregivers of Youth With Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. J Pediatr Health Care 2023; 37:122-132. [PMID: 36639341 PMCID: PMC9832342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented challenges for youth with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) and their families. Although health measures were implemented to contain the COVID-19 virus, they disrupted public service, profoundly impacting youth and their families' access to services. This study sought to better understand the perspectives and experiences of parents and caregivers of youth with NDD across Canada in accessing services and their mental health needs during the pandemic. METHOD The study used a qualitative research design in which we interviewed 40 parents and caregivers across Canada. RESULTS The results enabled us to understand the impact of service disruptions in significant areas of life, including health, education, employment, and risk mitigation. DISCUSSION Policymakers must consider a disability-inclusive lens during public health emergency planning and response to reduce the disproportionate impacts faced by youth with NDD and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ash Seth
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Brittany Finlay
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Genevieve Currie
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christiane Roth
- Research Associate, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lucyna Lach
- Associate Professor, School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Hudon
- Assissant Professor, Assistant professor, School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Raphael Lencucha
- Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthew Hunt
- Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Professor, Associate Dean of Research and Partnerships, Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keiko Shikako-Thomas
- Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zwicker
- Associate Professor, School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Finlay B, Wittevrongel K, Materula D, Hébert ML, O'Grady K, Lach LM, Nicholas D, Zwicker JD. Pan-Canadian caregiver experiences in accessing government disability programs: A mixed methods study. Res Dev Disabil 2023; 134:104420. [PMID: 36621140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, little is known about the factors that contribute to the relatively low uptake of government-funded disability programs in Canada. AIM Understand how parents/caregivers of Canadian youth with neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) experience the process of applying for and accessing disability programs. METHODS AND PROCEDURES This mixed methods sequential explanatory study utilized two phases: an online survey (quantitative), followed by semi-structured interviews (qualitative). The quantitative phase gathered sociodemographic information and preliminary information about participant experiences applying for and accessing programs. The qualitative phase provided greater depth by asking participants to describe barriers and facilitators to program access. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS 499 participants completed the online survey and 81 participants completed an interview. Analysis of survey data revealed that many participants are not accessing disability programs and experience difficulty when applying. Regression analyses revealed that factors relating to the process of applying and applicant/family attributes are significantly associated with program access. Inductive thematic analysis of interview data revealed four barriers and three facilitators to access. Integration of findings provided an overview of the multi-faceted journey to program access. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results of this study highlight policy changes that are needed to ensure disability programs adequately support Canadian families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Finlay
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada.
| | - Krystle Wittevrongel
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada.
| | - Dercia Materula
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada.
| | - Michèle L Hébert
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada; Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Canada Central and Northern Alberta Region, 3-250, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton T5J 4P6, AB, Canada.
| | - Kathleen O'Grady
- Simone de Beauvoir Institute, Concordia University, ER building, 2155 Guy St., 6th floor, Montréal H3H 2R9, QC, Canada.
| | - Lucyna M Lach
- School of Social Work, McGill University, 550 Sherbrooke Ouest, Suite 100, Tour Est, Montréal H3A 1B9, QC, Canada.
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Canada Central and Northern Alberta Region, 3-250, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton T5J 4P6, AB, Canada.
| | - Jennifer D Zwicker
- School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, Downtown Campus (5th floor), 906 8th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1H, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary T2N 1N4, AB, Canada.
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Kramer A, Hoover ER, Hedeen N, DiPrete L, Tuttle J, Irving DJ, Viveiros B, Nicholas D, Monroy JA, Moritz E, Brown L. Development of an Empirically Derived Measure of Food Safety Culture in Restaurants. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100043. [PMID: 36916550 PMCID: PMC10018426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A poor food safety culture has been described as an emerging risk factor for foodborne illness outbreaks, yet there has been little research on this topic in the retail food industry. The purpose of this study was to identify and validate conceptual domains around food safety culture and develop an assessment tool that can be used to assess food workers' perceptions of their restaurant's food safety culture. The study, conducted from March 2018 through March 2019, surveyed restaurant food workers for their level of agreement with 28 statements. We received 579 responses from 331 restaurants spread across eight different health department jurisdictions. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling supported a model composed of four primary constructs. The highest rated construct was Resource Availability (x¯=4.69, sd=0.57), which assessed the availability of resources to maintain good hand hygiene. The second highest rated construct was Employee Commitment (x¯=4.49, sd=0.62), which assessed workers' perceptions of their coworkers' commitment to food safety. The last two constructs were related to management. Leadership (x¯=4.28, sd=0.69) assessed the existence of food safety policies, training, and information sharing. Management Commitment (x¯=3.94, sd=1.05) assessed whether food safety was a priority in practice. Finally, the model revealed one higher-order construct, Worker Beliefs about Food Safety Culture (x¯=4.35, sd=0.53). The findings from this study can support efforts by the restaurant industry, food safety researchers, and health departments to examine the influence and effects of food safety culture within restaurants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kramer
- National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - E Rickamer Hoover
- National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | | | | | - Joyce Tuttle
- California Department of Health, California, USA
| | | | | | - David Nicholas
- New York State Department of Health, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany (SUNY), Rensselaer, New York. USA
| | - Jo Ann Monroy
- Harris County Department of Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erin Moritz
- National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Laura Brown
- National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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Jamali HR, Nicholas D, Sims D, Watkinson A, Herman E, Boukacem-Zeghmouri C, Rodríguez-Bravo B, Świgoń M, Abrizah A, Xu J, Tenopir C, Allard S. The pandemic and changes in early career researchers' career prospects, research and publishing practices. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281058. [PMID: 36791119 PMCID: PMC9931124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As part of the Harbnger-2 project, this study aimed to discover the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on junior researchers' work-life, career prospects, research and publishing practices and networking. METHODS An online international survey of 800 early career researchers (ECRs) was conducted in 2022. A questionnaire was developed based on three rounds of interviews and distributed using multiple channels including publishers, social media, and direct email to ECRs. RESULTS The impact of the pandemic on career prospects, morale, job security, productivity, ability to network and collaborate, and quality and speed of peer review has on the whole been more negative than positive. A quarter of ECRs shifted their research focus to pandemic-related topics and half of those who did, benefited largely due to increased productivity and impact. The majority worked remotely/from home and more than two-thirds of those who did so benefitted from it. While virtual or hybrid conferences have been embraced by the majority of ECRs, around a third still preferred face-to-face only conferences. The use of library online platforms, Sci-Hub, ResearchGate, Google Scholar and smartphone to search and access full-text papers increased. ECRs prioritised journals with fast submission procedures for the publishing of their papers and spent more time on increasing the visibility of their research. Fees were a problem for publishing open access. CONCLUSION Although, generally, the pandemic negatively impacted many aspects of ECRs' work-life, certain research areas and individuals benefited from being more appreciated and valued, and, in some cases, resulted in increased resources, better productivity and greater impact. Changes, such as the use of digital technologies and remote working created new opportunities for some ECRs. While continuing work flexibility and hybrid conferences might benefit some ECRs, institutions should also take measures to help those ECRs whose career and productivity have been adversely impacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information and Communication Studies, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | | | - David Sims
- School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | | | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research, Newbury, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Marzena Świgoń
- Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Warminsko-Mazurski, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library &Information Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Carol Tenopir
- School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Suzie Allard
- School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
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Herman E, Nicholas D, Clark D, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Abrizah A, Sims D, Watkinson A, Xu J, Serbina G, Świgoń M, Jamali HR, Tenopir C, Allard S. Outside the library: Early career researchers and use of alternative information sources in pandemic times. Learned Publishing 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library & Information Science, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - David Sims
- College of Communication and Information University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Galina Serbina
- TSU Research Library Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
| | - Marzena Świgoń
- Institute of Journalism and Social Communication University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Olsztyn Poland
| | - Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information and Communication Studies Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
| | - Carol Tenopir
- College of Communication and Information University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Suzie Allard
- College of Communication and Information University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
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13
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Tesfaye R, Courchesne V, Mirenda P, Mitchell W, Nicholas D, Singh I, Zwaigenbaum L, Elsabbagh M. Autism voices: Perspectives of the needs, challenges, and hopes for the future of autistic youth. Autism 2022; 27:1142-1156. [PMID: 36329663 DOI: 10.1177/13623613221132108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Autism Voices study draws on novel inclusive methods to obtain the first-person experiences of autistic youth with a range of cognitive and verbal abilities. Thirty-one autistic youth were interviewed with a strength-based protocol, enabling them to provide responses in the modality of their choice. Dynamics between youth and their environments such as home, school, and community were explored. Youth were questioned about their interests, plans for the future, experiences with various emotions, and experience of autism. Based on a thematic analysis, six themes emerged: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. The experiences described by autistic youth parallel many of the aspirations and challenges of typically developing adolescents, while being uniquely shaped by their autism. We discuss how these insights shared by autistic youth can facilitate active involvement in their communities, promote well-being, and promote optimal transition into adulthood. Autism Voices demonstrates that partnering with multiple stakeholders and the use of inclusive methodologies are pivotal steps toward capturing the voices of all autistic youth. Lay abstract Currently, our understanding of the adolescent period for autistic youth has relied on the expertise of researchers, clinicians, parents, and teachers, yet rarely involves their unique first-person experiences. Our study attempted to understand the experiences and perspectives of autistic adolescents in their home, school, and community environments using the Autism Voices protocol, a semi-structured interview specifically designed and tailored to engage with autistic youth with various language and intellectual levels. The analysis of the 31 interviews conducted with autistic adolescents aged 11–18 years highlighted six themes: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. These results highlight similarities and differences in the adolescent experiences of autistic youth compared to their typically developing peers. Our findings suggest that by removing assumptions about the experiences of autistic individuals and investing in inclusive interview methods, we can faithfully capture the experiences of autistic youth regardless of their communication and cognitive abilities. Being able to capture and amplify these diverse voices will facilitate the active involvement of autistic communities in research and clinical and policy decisions that impact them.
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14
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Schneider J, Tsoukalas T, Zulla R, Nicholas D, Hewson J. Exploring the COVID-19 Practice Experiences of Social Workers Working in Long Term Care. J Gerontol Soc Work 2022:1-13. [PMID: 36285417 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2022.2139321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in multiple public health protocols that shaped the service delivery system supporting older adults, their family caregivers and their formal care providers. In this qualitative study, sixteen social workers employed in long term care facilities in a western province of Canada shared their perspectives about the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on their practice early in the pandemic. Participants responded to nine open-ended online survey questions about their practice and experiences. Four themes were identified: (1) a changing and demanding work environment, (2) witnessing transitions in residents' quality of life, (3) impacts on relationships and work climate, and (4) personal impacts on social workers. Recommendations for enhancing capacity in the system were identified. Implications of findings illuminate a need for proactive preparedness approaches in order for social workers to address emergent and changing needs of residents and their families during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann Schneider
- Continuing Care, Edmonton Zone, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Rosslynn Zulla
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jennifer Hewson
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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15
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Bui TA, Pohl M, Rosenfelt C, Ogourtsova T, Yousef M, Whitlock K, Majnemer A, Nicholas D, Demmans Epp C, Zaiane O, Bolduc FV. Identifying Potential Gamification Elements for A New Chatbot for Families With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: User-Centered Design Approach. JMIR Hum Factors 2022; 9:e31991. [PMID: 35984679 PMCID: PMC9440405 DOI: 10.2196/31991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chatbots have been increasingly considered for applications in the health care field. However, it remains unclear how a chatbot can assist users with complex health needs, such as parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) who need ongoing support. Often, this population must deal with complex and overwhelming health information, which can make parents less likely to use a software that may be very helpful. An approach to enhance user engagement is incorporating game elements in nongame contexts, known as gamification. Gamification needs to be tailored to users; however, there has been no previous assessment of gamification use in chatbots for NDDs. Objective We sought to examine how gamification elements are perceived and whether their implementation in chatbots will be well received among parents of children with NDDs. We have discussed some elements in detail as the initial step of the project. Methods We performed a narrative literature review of gamification elements, specifically those used in health and education. Among the elements identified in the literature, our health and social science experts in NDDs prioritized five elements for in-depth discussion: goal setting, customization, rewards, social networking, and unlockable content. We used a qualitative approach, which included focus groups and interviews with parents of children with NDDs (N=21), to assess the acceptability of the potential implementation of these elements in an NDD-focused chatbot. Parents were asked about their opinions on the 5 elements and to rate them. Video and audio recordings were transcribed and summarized for emerging themes, using deductive and inductive thematic approaches. Results From the responses obtained from 21 participants, we identified three main themes: parents of children with NDDs were familiar with and had positive experiences with gamification; a specific element (goal setting) was important to all parents, whereas others (customization, rewards, and unlockable content) received mixed opinions; and the social networking element received positive feedback, but concerns about information accuracy were raised. Conclusions We showed for the first time that parents of children with NDDs support gamification use in a chatbot for NDDs. Our study illustrates the need for a user-centered design in the medical domain and provides a foundation for researchers interested in developing chatbots for populations that are medically vulnerable. Future studies exploring wide range of gamification elements with large number of potential users are needed to understand the impact of gamification elements in enhancing knowledge mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong An Bui
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Megan Pohl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cory Rosenfelt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tatiana Ogourtsova
- Feil & Oberfeld Research Centre of the Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital - Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux de Laval (CISSS Laval), Centre for Interdisciplinary Research of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Laval, QC, Canada.,School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mahdieh Yousef
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kerri Whitlock
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Annette Majnemer
- School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Central and Northern Alberta Region, Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carrie Demmans Epp
- EdTeKLA Research Group, Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Osmar Zaiane
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - François V Bolduc
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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16
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Nicholas D, Herman E, Clark D, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Abrizah A, Watkinson A, Xu J, Sims D, Serbina G, Świgoń M, Jamali HR, Tenopir C, Allard S. Choosing the ‘right’ journal for publication: Perceptions and practices of pandemic‐era early career researchers. Learned Publishing 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Nicholas
- CIBER Research Greenham Newbury West Berkshire United Kingdom
| | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Greenham Newbury West Berkshire United Kingdom
| | - David Clark
- CIBER Research Greenham Newbury West Berkshire United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library & Information Science Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China
| | - David Sims
- College of Communication and Information University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Galina Serbina
- TSU Research Library Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
| | - Marzena Świgoń
- Institute of Journalism and Social Communication University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Olsztyn Poland
| | - Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information and Communication Studies Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
| | - Carol Tenopir
- College of Communication and Information University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Suzie Allard
- College of Communication and Information University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
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17
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Palacios A, Otto M, Flaherty E, Boyle MM, Malec L, Holloman K, Low M, Wellman A, Newhart C, Gollarza L, Weeks T, Muyombwe A, Lozinak K, Kafka E, O'Halloran D, Rozza T, Nicholas D, Ivory S, Kreil K, Huffman J, Gieraltowski L, Conrad A. Multistate Outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes Infections Linked to Fresh, Soft Hispanic-Style Cheese — United States, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022; 71:709-712. [PMID: 35617142 PMCID: PMC9153464 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7121a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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18
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Mackie AS, Rankin KN, Yaskina M, Gingrich J, Williams E, Schuh M, Kovacs AH, McCrindle BW, Nicholas D, Rempel GR. Transition Preparation for Young Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease: A Clinical Trial. J Pediatr 2022; 241:36-41.e2. [PMID: 34619115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a novel nurse-led transition intervention program designed for young adolescents (age 13-14 years) with congenital heart disease (CHD). We hypothesized that the intervention would result in improved self-management skills and CHD knowledge. STUDY DESIGN Single-center cluster randomized controlled trial of a nurse-led transition intervention vs usual care. The intervention group received a 1-hour individualized session with a cardiology nurse, focusing on CHD education and self-management. The primary end point was change in TRANSITION-Q (transition readiness) score between baseline and 6 months. The secondary end point was change in MyHeart score (CHD knowledge). RESULTS We randomized 60 participants to intervention (n = 30) or usual care (n = 30). TRANSITION-Q score (range 0-100) increased from 49 ± 10 at baseline to 54 ± 9.0 at 6 months (intervention) vs 47 ± 14 to 44 ± 14 (usual care). Adjusted for baseline score, TRANSITION-Q scores at 1 and 6 months were greater in the intervention group (mean difference 5.9, 95% CI 1.3-10.5, P = .01). MyHeart score (range 0-100) increased from 48 ± 24 at baseline to 71 ± 16 at 6 months (intervention) vs 54 ± 24 to 57 ± 22 (usual care). Adjusted for baseline score, MyHeart scores at 1 and 6 months were greater in the intervention group (mean difference 19, 95% CI 12-26, P < .0001). Participants aged 14 years had a greater increase in TRANSITION-Q score at 6 months compared with 13-year-old participants (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS A nurse-led program improved transition readiness and CHD knowledge among young adolescents. This simple intervention can be readily adopted in other healthcare settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02374892.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Mackie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Kathryn N Rankin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maryna Yaskina
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jody Gingrich
- Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Brian W McCrindle
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gwen R Rempel
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
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19
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Soscia J, Adams S, Cohen E, Moore C, Friedman JN, Gallagher K, Marcon M, Nicholas D, Weiser N, Orkin J. The parental experience and perceptions of blenderized tube feeding for children with medical complexity. Paediatr Child Health 2021; 26:462-469. [PMID: 34987677 PMCID: PMC8711682 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Parents of children with medical complexity are often expected to implement complicated plans of care, such as enteral tube feeding, to support the health of their child. Enteral feeding can have psychosocial implications for the parent, child, and family. Blenderized tube feeding (BTF) refers to the administration of pureed food and drinks through a feeding tube. Little is known regarding parents’ experiences with BTF. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the lived experience of BTF from the parent’s perspective. Methods This qualitative study was a grounded theory analysis utilizing semi-structured interviews of parents who provided at least 50% of their child’s diet through BTF. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling from the Complex Care Program at a tertiary care paediatric centre. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Themes were identified using constant comparative analysis of transcribed interviews. Results Parents (n=10) felt that BTF positively affected the experience of tube feeding and enhanced their child’s health and wellbeing. Parents described BTF as a means of self-empowerment and a mechanism to normalize feeding and care for the entire family. Despite reporting BTF as more time consuming than formula feeding, all parents were satisfied with having made the change, and planned on continuing the diet. Conclusion BTFs can improve the experience of tube feeding and positively address some of the negative psychosocial implications of enteral tube feeding, providing a sense of normalcy and control for parents caring for a child with medical complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Soscia
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sherri Adams
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eyal Cohen
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clara Moore
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy N Friedman
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelsey Gallagher
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret Marcon
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary (Edmonton Division), Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Natalie Weiser
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Orkin
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Brown LG, Ebrahim-Zadeh SD, Hoover ER, DiPrete L, Matis B, Viveiros B, Irving DJ, Copeland D, Nicholas D, Hedeen N, Tuttle J, Williams L, Liggans G, Kramer A. Restaurant Date-Marking Practices Concerning Ready-to-Eat Food Requiring Time and Temperature Control for Safety. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 18:798-804. [PMID: 34314625 PMCID: PMC8805684 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2021.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain foods are more vulnerable to foodborne pathogen growth and formation of toxins than others. Lack of time and temperature control for these foods can result in the growth of pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes, and lead to foodborne outbreaks. The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Food Code classifies these foods as time/temperature control for safety (TCS) foods and details safe cooking, holding, and storing temperatures for these foods. The FDA Food Code also includes a date-marking provision for ready-to-eat TCS foods that are held for >24 h. The provision states that these foods should not be held in refrigeration for >7 days and should be marked with the date or day by which the food should be "consumed on the premises, sold, or discarded." To learn more about restaurants' date-marking practices, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net) conducted observations and manager interviews in 359 restaurants in 8 EHS-Net jurisdictions. Managers reported that they date marked ready-to-eat TCS foods more often than data collectors observed this practice (91% vs. 77%). Observation data showed almost a quarter of study restaurants did not date-mark ready-to-eat TCS foods. In addition, restaurants with an internal date-marking policy date marked 1.25 times more often than restaurants without such a policy and chain restaurants date marked 5.02 times more often than independently owned restaurants. These findings suggest that regulators and the retail food industry may improve food safety and lower the burden of foodborne illness in the United States if they target interventions to independent restaurants and encourage strong date-marking policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Green Brown
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - E. Rickamer Hoover
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Bailey Matis
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - David Nicholas
- New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Hedeen
- Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joyce Tuttle
- California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Laurie Williams
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Retail Food Protection Staff, Office of Food Safety, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Girvin Liggans
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Retail Food Protection Staff, Office of Food Safety, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam Kramer
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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21
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Grant A, Ng VL, Nicholas D, Dhawan A, Yazigi N, Ee LC, Stormon MO, Gilmour SM, Schreiber RA, Carmody E, Otley AR. The effects of child anxiety and depression on concordance between parent-proxy and self-reported health-related quality of life for pediatric liver transplant patients. Pediatr Transplant 2021; 25:e14072. [PMID: 34245065 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HRQOL is a key outcome following pediatric LT. Parent-proxy reports may substitute for patients unable to report their own HRQOL. This study compared parent-proxy and self-reported HRQOL in children who have undergone LT. METHODS Pediatric LT recipients between the ages of 8 and 18 years, and a parent, completed self and proxy versions of the PeLTQL questionnaire, PedsQL Generic and Transplant modules, and standardized measures of depression and anxiety. RESULTS Data from 129 parent-patient dyads were included. Median parent age was 44 years, and most (89%) were mothers. Median patient age was 2.5 years at LT and 13.6 years at the time of study participation. Parents had significantly lower scores than patients on PedsQL total generic (70.8 ± 18.5 and 74.3 ± 19.0, p = .01), PeLTQL coping and adjustment (63.0 ± 15.6 and 67.3 ± 16.2, p < .01), and social-emotional (66.3 ± 14.9 and 71.9 ± 15.6, p < .001) domains. Higher patient anxiety and depression were related to larger absolute differences between parent-proxy and self-reported scores on all HRQOL measures (all p < .05). In this disparity, parents reported higher HRQOL scores than their child as self-reported anxiety and depression scores increased. CONCLUSIONS Differences in concordance between parent-proxy and self-reported HRQOL scores can be more prominent when children have more symptoms of anxiety and depression. Children's mental health symptoms should be queried, if feasible, when interpreting differences in parent and child reports of HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Grant
- Maritime Intestinal Research Alliance, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Vicky L Ng
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Nada Yazigi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Looi C Ee
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Erin Carmody
- Maritime Intestinal Research Alliance, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anthony R Otley
- Maritime Intestinal Research Alliance, Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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22
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Courchesne V, Tesfaye R, Mirenda P, Nicholas D, Mitchell W, Singh I, Zwaigenbaum L, Elsabbagh M. Autism Voices: A novel method to access first-person perspective of autistic youth. Autism 2021; 26:1123-1136. [PMID: 34482746 PMCID: PMC9340132 DOI: 10.1177/13623613211042128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT The perspective of autistic individuals is often left uncaptured, and as a result they are often excluded from making decisions that impact them. Conventional communication can be challenging for many autistic individuals, especially those who are minimally verbal or who have an associated intellectual disability. Currently, a lack of appropriate methods to capture voices across the spectrum is a barrier. In the present study, we developed the Autism Voices protocol using universal design principles to capture the perspectives and experiences of autistic youth with a range of language or intellectual abilities. This protocol was then used with 33 autistic youth aged 11 to 18 years. A scoring rubric was developed to capture the unconventional communication used by the participants and the mitigation strategies used by interviewers to facilitate the interview. Many components of the protocol were found to effectively facilitate communication between the participant and interviewer, including the use of picture cards to support verbal questions/prompts, the fact that participants could respond with their preferred communication methods (writing, texting, pointing), and the fact that interviews were applied flexibly to adapt to each participant. Unconventional communication and mitigation strategies were mostly observed in interviews with minimally verbal individuals, but a fine-grained analysis showed participants were still communicating something through this unconventional communication. Our protocol could help promote the inclusion of more autistic individuals in research and showed that unconventional modes of communication like echolalia provide an understanding that participants' are invested in conversations and certain topics are more meaningful than others.
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23
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Pereira E, Elliot EL, Singleton LS, Otto M, Tesfai A, Doyle M, Hawk H, Bloodgood S, Benner RA, Ross MP, Scott A, Kristof MC, Fox T, Bridgman B, Long N, Livsey K, Rubenstein A, Garner K, Nicholas D, Chuang Y, Viveiros B, Waggener C, Klontz K, Viazis S. An Outbreak Investigation of Scombrotoxin Fish Poisoning Illnesses in the United States Linked to Yellowfin Tuna Imported from Vietnam-2019. J Food Prot 2021; 84:962-972. [PMID: 33428741 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Scombrotoxin fish poisoning (SFP) is caused by the ingestion of certain fish species with elevated concentrations of histamine due to decomposition. In fall 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was notified of 51 SFP cases including two hospitalizations from 11 states through the FDA consumer complaint system or directly from state partners. A case patient was defined as an individual who experienced a histamine-type reaction after consumption of tuna imported from Vietnam and an illness onset between 14 August and 24 November 2019. A traceback investigation was initiated at 19 points of service to identify a common tuna source. The FDA and state partners collected 34 product samples throughout the distribution chain, including from a case patient's home, points of service, distributors, and the port of entry. Samples were analyzed for histamine by sensory evaluation and/or chemical testing. Case patients reported exposure to tuna imported from Vietnam. The traceback investigation identified two Vietnamese manufacturers as the sources of the tuna. Twenty-nine samples were confirmed as decomposed by sensory evaluation and/or were positive for elevated histamine concentrations by chemical testing. Both Vietnamese companies were placed on an import alert. Seven U.S. companies and one Vietnamese company initiated voluntary recalls. The FDA released public communication naming the U.S. importers to help suppliers and distributors identify the product and effectuate the foreign company's recall. This SFP outbreak investigation highlights the complexities of the federal outbreak response, specifically related to imported food. Cultural considerations regarding imported foods should be addressed during outbreak responses when timing is critical. Collaboration with countries where confidentiality agreements are not in place can limit information sharing and the speed of public health responses. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Pereira
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Elisa L Elliot
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Lauren Shade Singleton
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Mark Otto
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Adiam Tesfai
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Matthew Doyle
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Heather Hawk
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Regulatory Affairs, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079
| | - Steven Bloodgood
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Ronald A Benner
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528
| | - Mary P Ross
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Allison Scott
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Regulatory Affairs, Rockville, Maryland 20857
| | - Matthew C Kristof
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Regulatory Affairs, Long Beach, California 90831
| | - Teresa Fox
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Brandon Bridgman
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Alameda, California 94502
| | - Nicholas Long
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Kimberly Livsey
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Regulatory Affairs, Atlanta, Georgia 30309
| | - Alister Rubenstein
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of the Commissioner, White Oak, Maryland 20993
| | - Kimberly Garner
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of the Commissioner, White Oak, Maryland 20993
| | - David Nicholas
- Bureau of Community Environmental Health and Food Protection, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12237
| | - Yayu Chuang
- Public Health Laboratory, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York 10016
| | - Brendalee Viveiros
- Center for Food Protection, Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence, Rhode Island 02908; and
| | - Christopher Waggener
- Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services, Virginia Department of General Services, Richmond, Virginia 23219, USA
| | - Karl Klontz
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Stelios Viazis
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740
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24
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Holst MM, Brown LG, Viveiros B, Faw BV, Hedeen N, McKELVEY W, Nicholas D, Ripley D, Hammons SR. Observed Potential Cross-Contamination in Retail Delicatessens. J Food Prot 2021; 84:1055-1059. [PMID: 33508127 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a persistent public health concern in the United States and is the third leading cause of death from foodborne illness. Cross-contamination of L. monocytogenes (between contaminated and uncontaminated equipment, food, and hands) is common in delicatessens and likely plays a role in the foodborne illness associated with retail deli meats. In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Environmental Health Specialists Network conducted a study to describe deli characteristics related to cross-contamination with L. monocytogenes. The study included 298 retail delis in six state and local health departments' jurisdictions and assessed how well deli practices complied with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Food Code provisions. Among delis observed using wet wiping cloths for cleaning, 23.6% did not store the cloths in a sanitizing solution between uses. Observed potential cross-contamination of raw meats and ready-to-eat foods during preparation (e.g., same knife used on raw meats and ready-to-eat foods, without cleaning in between) was present in 9.4% of delis. In 24.6% of delis with a cold storage unit, raw meats were not stored separately from ready-to-eat products in containers, bins, or trays. A proper food safety management plan can reduce gaps in cross-contamination prevention and should include adopting procedures to minimize food safety risks, instituting training with instruction and in-person demonstrations and certifying staff on those procedures, and monitoring to ensure the procedures are followed. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M Holst
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, Georgia 30341
| | - Laura G Brown
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, Georgia 30341
| | - Brendalee Viveiros
- Rhode Island Department of Health, 3 Capitol Hill, Providence, Rhode Island 02908
| | - Brenda V Faw
- California Department of Public Health, P.O. Box 997377, MS 0500, Sacramento, California 95899
| | - Nicole Hedeen
- Minnesota Department of Health, 625 Robert Street North, St. Paul, Minnesota 55164
| | - Wendy McKELVEY
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 125 Worth Street CN-34E, New York, New York 10013
| | - David Nicholas
- New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York 12237
| | - Danny Ripley
- Tennessee Department of Health, 710 James Robertson Parkway, Nashville, Tennessee 37243
| | - Susan R Hammons
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, 1400 Independence Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250, USA
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25
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Hager A, Mager D, Robert C, Nicholas D, Gilmour S. Health-Related Quality of Life 10 Years after Liver Transplantation: A Longitudinal Retrospective Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11010111. [PMID: 33445652 PMCID: PMC7827867 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As survival post-liver transplantation (LTx) improves, it becomes increasingly important to understand how long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is impacted. This was a longitudinal review examining HRQOL measured by Pediatric Liver Transplant Quality of Life (PeLTQL) in children between 8-17 years who underwent LTx (1.4 [0.8–3.3] years) at least one year prior to assessment. Demographic, medical, anthropometric, and HRQOL data (self-reported and parent proxy) were retrospectively collected over four years (2014–2017) at annual LTx clinic visits. The study included 35 patients (18M, 17F) and their parents/guardians. Parent-proxy and child PeLTQL scores (total, subdomain) showed good to excellent agreement (p > 0.05) and did not change over four years (p > 0.05). Younger age (<12 years) and Caucasian ancestry were associated with higher parental and self-reported perceptions of HRQOL, respectively (future health, coping and adjustment, total scores). Parent perceived lower HRQOL in social–emotional sub-domain (p = 0.03) and the child reported lower sub-domain scores related to coping and adjustment (p = 0.04) when the child was noted to have co-morbid conditions related to mental health and neurocognitive development (25.7%). While child–parent perceptions of HRQOL in a multi-ethnic population of pediatric LTx recipients remain unchanged 10 years post-LTx, adolescents of non-Caucasian ancestry remain a population at risk for lower HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hager
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.H.); (D.M.)
| | - Diana Mager
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.H.); (D.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada;
| | - Cheri Robert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada;
| | - David Nicholas
- Department of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T5J 4P6, Canada;
| | - Susan Gilmour
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada;
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition/Transplant Services, The Stollery Children’s Hospital, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-248-5410
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26
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Duncan A, Luong D, Perrier L, Bayley MT, Andrew G, Arbour-Nicitopoulos K, Chan B, Curran CJ, Dimitropoulos G, Hartman L, Huang L, Kastner M, Kingsnorth S, McCormick A, Nelson M, Nicholas D, Penner M, Thompson L, Toulany A, Woo A, Zee J, Munce SEP. Prioritizing a Research Agenda of Transitional Care Interventions for Childhood-Onset Disabilities. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:682078. [PMID: 34589448 PMCID: PMC8475648 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.682078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Transitional care interventions have the potential to optimize continuity of care, improve health outcomes and enhance quality of life for adolescents and young adults living with chronic childhood-onset disabilities, including neurodevelopmental disorders, as they transition to adult health and social care services. The paucity of research in this area poses challenges in identifying and implementing interventions for research, evaluation and implementation. The purpose of this project was to advance this research agenda by identifying the transitional care interventions from the scientific literature and prioritize interventions for study. A modified-Delphi approach involving two rounds of online surveys followed by a face-to-face consensus meeting with knowledge users, researchers and clinician experts in transitional care (n = 19) was used. A subsequent virtual meeting concluded the formulation of next steps. Experts rated 16 categories of interventions, derived from a systematic review, on importance, impact, and feasibility. Seven of the 16 interventions categories received a mean score rating of ≥7 (out of 10) on all three rating categories. Participants then rank ordered the reduced list of seven interventions in order of priority and the top four ranked interventions advanced for further discussion at a consensus meeting. Using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist as a guide, the participants identified that a study of a peer system navigator was worthy of future evaluation. This study highlighted that transitional care interventions are complex and multifaceted. However, the presence of a peer to support system navigation, advocacy and individual and family education was considered the most ideal intervention addressing the current gap in care. Future research, which aims to engage patients and families in a co-design approach, is recommended to further develop this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Duncan
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dorothy Luong
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laure Perrier
- University of Toronto Libraries, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark T Bayley
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Physical Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gail Andrew
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kelly Arbour-Nicitopoulos
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian Chan
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C J Curran
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Laura Hartman
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lennox Huang
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Monika Kastner
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shauna Kingsnorth
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna McCormick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Nelson
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Melanie Penner
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Thompson
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alene Toulany
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda Woo
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joanne Zee
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah E P Munce
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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27
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Xu J, Chen D, He C, Zeng Y, Nicholas D, Wang Z. How are the new wave of Chinese researchers shaping up in scholarly communication terms? MJLIS 2020. [DOI: 10.22452/mjlis.vol25no3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The study investigates the attitudes and practices of Chinese early career researchers (ECRs) in regard to all scholarly aspects, providing the findings in the context of the academic assessment policies change in China over the last decade. The data were gathered by means of an online questionnaire survey, which obtained 263 Chinese ECRs’ responses. The main conclusions are: (a) journal-based indicators (e.g. journal reputation, Journal Impact Factor, Science Citation Index, etc.) are crucial when Chinese ECRs read and publish; (b) assessment policy plays a vital role when Chinese ECRs decide where to publish; (c) open access and open data have been widely recognized and warmly welcomed by Chinese ECRs, however, they will only publish in open access journals and open their research data if they get rewarded by the evaluation system; (d) most Chinese ECRs had good experience of peer review and they are in favor of double blind peer review; (e) Chinese ECRs are heavy users of social media, they are sophisticated in finding scholarly information online and communicating with peers and colleagues with social media tools.
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28
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Levy BB, Song JZ, Luong D, Perrier L, Bayley MT, Andrew G, Arbour-Nicitopoulos K, Chan B, Curran CJ, Dimitropoulos G, Hartman L, Huang L, Kastner M, Kingsnorth S, McCormick A, Nelson M, Nicholas D, Penner M, Thompson L, Toulany A, Woo A, Zee J, Munce SEP. Transitional Care Interventions for Youth With Disabilities: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics 2020; 146:peds.2020-0187. [PMID: 33046586 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Transition from the pediatric to the adult health care system is a complex process that should include medical, psychosocial, educational, recreational, and vocational considerations. OBJECTIVE In this systematic review, we aim to synthesize the evidence on transitional care interventions (TCIs) to improve the quality of life (QoL) for adolescents and young adults with childhood-onset disabilities, including neurodevelopmental disorders. DATA SOURCES Four electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) were searched. STUDY SELECTION In the included studies, researchers examined TCIs for adolescents and young adults (12-24 years of age) with childhood-onset disabilities. Studies were experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational studies published in the last 26 years. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers independently completed study screening, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment. RESULTS Fifty-two studies were included. Five studies reported on QoL, but statistically significant improvements were noted in only 1 of these studies. Significant improvements were also found in secondary outcomes including disability-related knowledge and transitional readiness. TCIs targeted patients, families and/or caregivers, and health care providers and exhibited great heterogeneity in their characteristics and components. LIMITATIONS Inconsistent reporting on interventions between studies hindered synthesis of the relationships between specific intervention characteristics and outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Although there is limited evidence on the impact of TCIs on the QoL for youth with childhood-onset disabilities, there is indication that they can be effective in improving patient and provider outcomes. The initiation of transition-focused care at an early age may contribute to improved long-term health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben B Levy
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Z Song
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorothy Luong
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mark T Bayley
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, and.,Division of Physical Medicine, and
| | - Gail Andrew
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kelly Arbour-Nicitopoulos
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, and.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Chan
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, and
| | - Cynthia J Curran
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Laura Hartman
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lennox Huang
- Departments of Paediatrics.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Monika Kastner
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, and.,Family and Community Medicine, and.,North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shauna Kingsnorth
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, and.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna McCormick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Michelle Nelson
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, and.,Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Melanie Penner
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, and.,Departments of Paediatrics.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Thompson
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alene Toulany
- Departments of Paediatrics.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Woo
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanne Zee
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, and
| | - Sarah E P Munce
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; .,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, and.,Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Selvakumaran S, Thompson-Hodgetts S, Nicholas D, Fan L, Fang H, Di Rezze B. An Umbrella Review of the Impact of Environment on the Productive Lives of Individuals with Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. Curr Dev Disord Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-020-00211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Craig W, Kilmer C, Nicholas D, Newton M, Zwaigenbaum L. 82 This is My Child: Piloting and Evaluating a Special Needs Screening Tool for Pediatric Emergency. Paediatr Child Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxaa068.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Parents of children with developmental disabilities (DD) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or behavioural conditions can be reluctant to inform the medical team of their child’s diagnosis during a visit to the pediatric Emergency Department (PED). Knowing the child’s sensitivities and needs, however, could make it easier for the healthcare team to provide the best possible care. A one-page tool, “This is My Child”, was developed to bridge this gap.
Objectives
Evaluate the ease of use, benefit to child’s care, and overall acceptance of “This is My Child” from parental and health provider perspectives.
Design/Methods
“This is My Child” was modified from an inpatient tool which helped communication between staff and children with ASD and their families. Developed with input from PED healthcare providers, the tool entailed ten questions pertinent to children who have communication and sensory processing challenges, as well as a prompt for additional comments. Families were recruited in the waiting room, and the study was open to all who were willing to participate. The completed tool was attached to the front of the ED chart prior to the child being seen. At the end of the ED visit, parents and treating healthcare providers completed a questionnaire evaluating the tool. Recruitment was deemed complete once 30 children with a prior diagnosis of a developmental/behavioural condition had been enrolled. Following analysis of the questionnaires, focus groups were held with participating ED healthcare providers.
Results
Of 336 study participants recruited, 199 parents, 225 physicians and 135 nurses returned questionnaires. The large majority of parents, physicians and nurses indicated ‘Strongly or Somewhat Agreed’ that the tool was easy to understand. However, only 18% of physicians and 29% of nurses, yet 76% of parents, felt that the tool should be used for all children seen in the PED. This discrepancy between health care team and parental opinion was explored in the focus groups. Healthcare providers noted that the tool was beneficial in cases where unique developmental needs were reported. Concern was raised given the tool’s perceived lack of relevance for children without special needs, as well as additional staff work for tool utilization.
Conclusion
This easy to use form was welcomed by families, but less so by physicians. Work is ongoing to integrate these perspectives.
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31
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Jamali HR, Nicholas D, Herman E, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Abrizah A, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Xu J, Świgon’ M, Polezhaeva T, Watkinson A. National comparisons of early career researchers' scholarly communication attitudes and behaviours. Learned Publishing 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information Studies Charles Sturt University Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
| | | | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Ltd. Newbury, Berkshire RG147RU UK
| | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei 430072 China
| | - Marzena Świgon’
- Instytut Dziennikarstwa i Komunikacji Społecznej, Wydział Humanistyczny Uniwersytet Warmińsko‐Mazurski 10‐719 Olsztyn Poland
| | - Tatiana Polezhaeva
- Tomsk State University Laboratory for Library and Communication Studies Tomsk Russia
- Library for Foreign Literature Moscow Russia
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Reed K, Brown L, Ripley D, Hedeen N, Nicholas D, Faw B, Bushnell L, Nair P, Wickam T. Restaurant Characteristics Associated With the Use of Specific Food-Cooling Methods. J Environ Health 2020; 82:8-13. [PMID: 34135534 PMCID: PMC8205421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen growth caused by improper or slow cooling of hot foods was a contributing factor in 504 of restaurant- and deli-related outbreaks in the U.S. from 1998-2008. Little is known, however, about restaurant cooling practices. To fill this gap, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net) conducted an observational study to identify and understand factors that might determine which methods restaurants follow to rapidly cool food. These methods include refrigerating food at ≤41 °F, at shallow depths, and in containers that are ventilated, unstacked, and have space around them. EHS-Net personnel collected data through manager interviews and observation of cooling processes in 420 randomly selected restaurants. Regression analyses revealed characteristics of restaurants most likely to use the cooling methods assessed. These characteristics included ownership by restaurant chains, manager food safety training and certification, few foods cooled at a time, many meals served daily, and a high ratio of workers to managers. These findings suggest that regulatory food safety programs and the retail industry might improve cooling methods-and reduce outbreaks-by providing and encouraging manager food safety training and certification, and by focusing intervention efforts on independent and smaller restaurants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Reed
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Laura Brown
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Danny Ripley
- Metro Nashville/Davidson County, Public Health Department
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Nicholas D, Herman E, Jamali HR, Abrizah A, Boukacem-Zeghmouri C, Xu J, Rodríguez-Bravo B, Watkinson A, Polezhaeva T, Świgon M. Millennial researchers in a metric-driven scholarly world: An international study. Research Evaluation 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/reseval/rvaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The study Investigates the attitudes and practices of early career researchers (ECRs) in regard to citation-based metrics and altmetrics, providing the findings in the light of what might be expected of the millennial generation and in the context of what we already know about researchers in today’s ‘culture of counting’ governed scholarly world. The data were gathered by means of an international survey, informed by a preceding, 3-year qualitative study of 120 ECRs from 7 countries, which obtained 1,600 responses. The main conclusions are: 1, citation indicators play a central and multi-purpose role in scholarly communications; 2, altmetrics are not so popular or widely used, but ECRs are waking up to some of their merits, most notably, discovering the extent to which their papers obtain traction and monitoring impact; 3, there is a strong likelihood that ECRs are going to have to grapple with both citation-based metrics and altmetrics, mainly in order to demonstrate research impact; 4, the Chinese are the most metric using nation, largely because of governmental regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Ltd, Newbury, Berkshire RG147RU, UK
| | - Hamid R Jamali
- School of Information Studies, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library & Information Science, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management, Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Blanca Rodríguez-Bravo
- Biblioteconomía y Documentación, Universidad de León, León, 24071 Castilla y León, Spain
| | | | - Tatiana Polezhaeva
- Tomsk State University, Laboratory for Library and Communication Studies, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marzena Świgon
- Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Warminsko-Mazurski, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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Filipe AM, Bogossian A, Zulla R, Nicholas D, Lach LM. Developing a Canadian framework for social determinants of health and well-being among children with neurodisabilities and their families: an ecosocial perspective. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 43:3856-3867. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1754926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Filipe
- Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Centre for Research on Children and Families, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Aline Bogossian
- École de Travail Social, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Rosslynn Zulla
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Lucyna M. Lach
- Centre for Research on Children and Families, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Arts, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
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OHARA KINUYO, Nicholas D, Cao L. Role of CD137L in lumbar spinal cord microglial responses following sciatic nerve crush. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.64.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is one of the most devastating kinds of chronic pain, which is still largely treated sub-optimally in part due to incomplete understanding. Using murine sciatic nerve crush (SNC) model, we have shown that spinal cord CD137 ligand (CD137L; AKA 4-1BBL) contributes to the development of SNC-induced pain-like behaviors and functional recovery following SNC. Here, we further investigated the potential involvement of lumbar spinal cord microglial responses in CD137L-mediated behavioral changes following SNC. Mononuclear cells were isolated from lumbar spinal cords of both wild type (WT) B6 and B6_CD137L knockout (KO) mice via Percoll gradient followed by flow cytometric analysis at days 0 (naïve), 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 following SNC or sham surgery. Microglia were identified as CD45lowCD11b+ populations. In WT mice, the total number of microglia peaked at day 14 and then gradually reduced following SNC. The increase of microglial numbers was minimal in all other groups compared to the WT SNC mice. Similar pattern of changes were also observed with the numbers of CD86+ microglia (pro-inflammatory phenotype) and CD206+ microglia (anti-inflammatory phenotype), however the numbers of CD206+ microglia were much less. Our results support the notion that reduced lumbar spinal cord microglial responses contributes to the reduction of pain-like behaviors and improved functional recovery in CD137L deficient mice. CD137L-mediated microglial responses will be further investigated to elucidate the role of spinal cord CD137L in the development of neuropathic pain. (Supported by NIH/NINDS R01NS098426 (Cao))
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Affiliation(s)
- KINUYO OHARA
- 1Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan
- 2Univ. of New England
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Herman E, Akeroyd J, Bequet G, Nicholas D, Watkinson A. The changed – and changing – landscape of serials publishing: Review of the literature on emerging models. Learned Publishing 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Ltd Newbury, Berkshire RG147RU UK
| | - John Akeroyd
- CIBER Research Ltd Newbury, Berkshire RG147RU UK
| | - Gaelle Bequet
- ISSN International Centre/CIEPS/Centro internacional del ISSN 45 Rue de Turbigo, 75003 Paris France
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Rashid M, Thompson-Hodgetts S, Nicholas D. Tensions experienced by employment support professionals when seeking meaningful employment for persons with developmental disabilities. Res Dev Disabil 2020; 99:103603. [PMID: 32045830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current research suggests that supported employment for people with developmental disabilities offers significantly higher rates of employment, personal satisfaction, and employer satisfaction. This study focuses on tensions experienced by employment support professionals while working with employers regarding employment for persons with developmental disabilities. These tensions experienced by employment support professionals is an area that is currently under researched and needs further exploration. METHOD In-depth interviews and focus group sessions were conducted with employment support professionals (n = 34) from a variety of organizations in two Canadian provinces. Theoretical sampling was used to recruit study participants. Data were thematically analysed, informed by a grounded theory approach. RESULTS Four main themes emerged: (i) Hire for capabilities, not pity, (ii) The bottom line: profit versus moral code, (iii) Education and concerns about accommodations and costs, and (iv) Pros and cons of incentives. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights some of the tensions experienced by employment support professionals when they work with employers considering employing persons with developmental disabilities. This information can be used to help employment support professionals, and others, target approaches and supports aimed at building employers' capacity to support meaningful employment for people with developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marghalara Rashid
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sandra Thompson-Hodgetts
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, 2-64 Corbett Hall, 8205-114 St, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G4, Canada.
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Nicholas D, Jamali HR, Herman E, Watkinson A, Abrizah A, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Xu J, Świgoń M, Polezhaeva T. A global questionnaire survey of the scholarly communication attitudes and behaviours of early career researchers. Learned Publishing 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Nicholas
- Laboratory for Library and Communication Studies Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
| | - Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information Studies Charles Sturt University Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
| | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Ltd. Newbury, Berkshire RG147RU UK
| | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library and Information Science University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | | | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information Management Wuhan, University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Marzena Świgoń
- Instytut Dziennikarstwa i Komunikacji Społecznej, Wydział Humanistyczny Uniwersytet Warmińsko‐Mazurski 10‐719, Olsztyn Poland
| | - Tatiana Polezhaeva
- Laboratory for Library and Communication Studies Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
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Nicholas D, Beaune L, Belletrutti M, Blumberg J, Ing S, Rapoport A, Barrera M. Engaging Fathers in Pediatric Palliative Care Research. J Soc Work End Life Palliat Care 2020; 16:42-56. [PMID: 31951504 DOI: 10.1080/15524256.2019.1703877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fathers are under-represented in pediatric palliative care research despite frequently playing a key role in the lives of their children. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affected paternal study invitation and participation. A secondary mixed-methods evaluation design guided examination of interview and focus group data as well as field notes from a qualitative study that examined the experiences and support needs of fathers of children with a life-limiting illness. Facilitators of paternal participation in the study consisted of: fathers' desire to gain from study participation either for themselves or others, perception of the study's importance, sense of appreciation for the study's focus on fathers and an established relationship with recruiting health care providers. Barriers to study participation included: recruiting health care providers' appraisal of fathers' lack of well-being, bereaved fathers' self-reported poor coping and the inability to locate and contact fathers, particularly after a child's death. Strategies for improving the engagement of fathers into research entailed: educating recruitment personnel, designing "father-focused" studies, communicating the value of the research to recruitment personnel and potential participants, and ensuring that child health records are accurate and include fathers' contact information.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Laura Beaune
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark Belletrutti
- Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan Blumberg
- The Hospital for Sick Children Family Advisory Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stanley Ing
- Health, Safety, and Wellness at Municipality of Chatham-Kent, Chatham, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Rapoport
- Emily's House Children's Hospice, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maru Barrera
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Jamali HR, Nicholas D, Watkinson A, Abrizah A, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Xu J, Polezhaeva T, Herman E, Świgon M. Early career researchers and their authorship and peer review beliefs and practices: An international study. Learned Publishing 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid R. Jamali
- School of Information StudiesCharles Sturt University Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
| | - David Nicholas
- School of Information ManagementWuhan University Wuhan, Hubei 430072 China
| | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | | | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information ManagementWuhan University Wuhan, Hubei 430072 China
| | - Tatiana Polezhaeva
- Laboratory for Library and Communication Studies, Tomsk, Russia Library for Foreign LiteratureTomsk State University Moscow Russia
| | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Ltd. Newbury, Berkshire, RG147RU UK
| | - Marzena Świgon
- Wydział HumanistycznyUniwersytet Warminsko‐Mazurski Olsztyn 10‐719 Poland
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Nicholas D, Watkinson A, Abrizah A, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Xu J, Świgoń M, Herman E. Does the scholarly communication system satisfy the beliefs and aspirations of new researchers? Summarizing the Harbingers research. Learned Publishing 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Nicholas
- School of Information ManagementWuhan, University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information ManagementWuhan, University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Marzena Świgoń
- University of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynInstitute of Journalism and Social Communication, K. Obitza Str., 110‐725 Olsztyn Poland
| | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Ltd Newbury, Berkshire, RG147RU UK
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Stroud C, Almilaji O, Nicholas D, Kirkham S, Surgenor SL, Williams I, Snook J. Evolving patterns in the presentation of coeliac disease over the last 25 years. Frontline Gastroenterol 2019; 11:98-103. [PMID: 32134410 PMCID: PMC7043089 DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2018-101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document changes in the clinical features of coeliac disease (CD) at presentation over the last 25 years. DESIGN Observational study. PATIENTS 802 subjects diagnosed between 1993 and 2017 at a single general hospital. OUTCOME MEASURES Date of diagnosis, age, sex, postcode, symptoms, haematinic deficiency, smoking status, serology, family history and autoimmune phenomena. RESULTS The incidence of diagnosed CD rose threefold during the course of the study, with a rising prevalence of positive coeliac serology and positive family history of CD, and a falling prevalence of symptoms and haematinic deficiencies. There was little change in the female predominance, age at diagnosis or high prevalence of other autoimmune conditions over the 25 years, and a paucity throughout of cigarette smokers, particularly heavy smokers. A cohort of patients with seronegative CD was identified who shared many of the characteristics of seropositive CD, but with a significantly older age at diagnosis and a higher prevalence of cigarette smokers. CONCLUSION There have been major changes in the epidemiology of CD over the last 25 years, of relevance to both our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of CD and the requirement for service provision. The implications are discussed.
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Nicholas D, Mitchell W, Zulla R, Dudley C. Perspectives of employers about hiring individuals with autism spectrum disorder: Evaluating a cohort of employers engaged in a job-readiness initiative. JVR 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-191018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, Central and Northern Alberta Region, University of Calgary, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Rosslynn Zulla
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Freeland AL, Masters M, Nicholas D, Kramer A, Brown LG. Facilitators and Barriers to Conducting Environmental Assessments for Food Establishment Outbreaks, National Environmental Assessment Reporting System, 2014-2016. J Environ Health 2019; 81:24-28. [PMID: 32327768 PMCID: PMC7177969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental health specialists often perform environmental assessments (EAs) when a suspected or confirmed foodborne illness outbreak is linked to a food establishment. Information from EAs helps officials determine the cause of the outbreak and develop strategies to prevent future outbreaks; however, EAs are not always conducted. To determine facilitators and barriers to conducting EAs, we analyzed open-ended responses reported to the National Environmental Assessment Reporting System about these assessments. We found that EAs were conducted most often when illness was identified, a jurisdiction had a policy to investigate illnesses, and there were resources for such a response. EAs were not conducted in instances such as limited resources, insufficient training, uncooperative facility personnel, or if the establishment fell outside of health department jurisdiction. Identifying the facilitators and barriers to conducting EAs can enable health departments to develop strategies that improve their ability to conduct EAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Freeland
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Matthew Masters
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - David Nicholas
- Bureau of Community Environmental Health and Food Protection, New York State Department of Health
| | - Adam Kramer
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Laura G Brown
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Tesfaye R, Courchesne V, Yusuf A, Savion-Lemieux T, Singh I, Shikako-Thomas K, Mirenda P, Waddell C, Smith IM, Nicholas D, Szatmari P, Bennett T, Duku E, Georgiades S, Kerns C, Vaillancourt T, Zaidman-Zait A, Zwaigenbaum L, Elsabbagh M. Assuming ability of youth with autism: Synthesis of methods capturing the first-person perspectives of children and youth with disabilities. Autism 2019; 23:1882-1896. [PMID: 30915852 PMCID: PMC6779014 DOI: 10.1177/1362361319831487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Most research regarding youth with autism spectrum disorder has not focused on their first-person perspectives providing limited insight into methodologies best suited to eliciting their voices. We conducted a synthesis of methods previously used to obtain the first-person perspectives of youth with various disabilities, which may be applicable to youth with autism spectrum disorder. Two-hundred and eighty-four articles met the inclusion criteria of our scoping review. We identified six distinct primary methods (questionnaires, interviews, group discussion, narratives, diaries, and art) expressed through four communication output modalities (language, sign language and gestures, writing, and images). A group of parents who have children with autism spectrum disorder were then presented with a synthesis of results. This parent consultation was used to build on approaches identified in the literature. Parents identified barriers that may be encountered during participant engagement and provided insights on how best to conduct first-person research with youth with autism spectrum disorder. Based on our findings, we present a novel methodological framework to capture the perspectives of youth with various communication and cognitive abilities, while highlighting family, youth, and expert contributions.
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Nicholas D, Watkinson A, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Xu J, Abrizah A, Świgoń M, Clark D, Herman E. So, are early career researchers the harbingers of change? Learned Publishing 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cherifa Boukacem‐Zeghmouri
- Département Informatique – Bât. NautibusUniversité de Lyon – UCB Lyon 1 Membre du laboratoire ELICO EA 4147 France
| | | | - Jie Xu
- Wuhan University School of Information Management Wuhan China
| | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Marzena Świgoń
- Instytut Dziennikarstwa i Komunikacji SpołecznejUniwersytet Warminsko‐Mazurski Olsztyn Poland
| | | | - Eti Herman
- CIBER Research Ltd. Newbury Berkshire UK
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Adams S, Nicholas D, Mahant S, Weiser N, Kanani R, Boydell K, Cohen E. Care maps and care plans for children with medical complexity. Child Care Health Dev 2019; 45:104-110. [PMID: 30462842 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The support of families in the care of children with medical complexity (CMC) requires the integration of health care providers' (HCPs') medical knowledge and family experience. Care plans largely represent HCP information, and care maps demonstrate the family experience. Understanding the intersection between a care plan and a care map is critical, as it may provide solutions to the widely recognized tension between HCP-directed care and patient- and family-centered care (PFCC). METHOD This study used qualitative methods to explore the experience and usefulness of care maps. Parents of CMC who already had a care plan, created care maps (n = 15). Subsequent interviews with parents (n = 15) and HCPs (n = 30) of CMC regarding both care maps and care plans were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Data analysis exploring the relationship and utility of care plans and care maps revealed six primary themes related to using care plans and care maps that were grouped into two primary categories: (a) utility of care plans and maps; and (b) intersection of care plans and care maps. DISCUSSION Care plans and care maps were identified as valuable complementary documents. Their integration offers context about family experience and respects the parents' experiential wisdom in a standard patient care document, thus promoting improved understanding and integration of the family experience into care decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri Adams
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary (Edmonton Division), Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sanjay Mahant
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalie Weiser
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronik Kanani
- Maternal, Newborn and Paediatric Care Program, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Boydell
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,Child and Youth Mental Health Research Unit, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Universality of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eyal Cohen
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Nicholas D, Boukacem‐Zeghmouri C, Xu J, Herman E, Clark D, Abrizah A, Rodríguez‐Bravo B, Świgoń M. Sci‐Hub: The new and ultimate disruptor? View from the front. Learned Publishing 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Nicholas
- Wuhan University School of Information Management Wuhan China
| | | | - Jie Xu
- School of Information ManagementWuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Eti Herman
- Information and Library Studies ProgrammeUniversity of Haifa Haifa Israel
| | | | - Abdullah Abrizah
- Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Brown LG, Hoover ER, Faw BV, Hedeen NK, Nicholas D, Wong MR, Shepherd C, Gallagher DL, Kause JR. Food Safety Practices Linked with Proper Refrigerator Temperatures in Retail Delis. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:300-307. [PMID: 29498545 PMCID: PMC6016726 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2017.2358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) causes the third highest number of foodborne illness deaths annually. L. monocytogenes contamination of sliced deli meats at the retail level is a significant contributing factor to L. monocytogenes illness. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net) conducted a study to learn more about retail delis' practices concerning L. monocytogenes growth and cross-contamination prevention. This article presents data from this study on the frequency with which retail deli refrigerator temperatures exceed 41°F, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended maximum temperature for ready-to-eat food requiring time and temperature control for safety (TCS) (such as retail deli meat). This provision was designed to control bacterial growth in TCS foods. This article also presents data on deli and staff characteristics related to the frequency with which retail delis refrigerator temperatures exceed 41°F. Data from observations of 445 refrigerators in 245 delis showed that in 17.1% of delis, at least one refrigerator was >41°F. We also found that refrigeration temperatures reported in this study were lower than those reported in a related 2007 study. Delis with more than one refrigerator, that lacked refrigerator temperature recording, and had a manager who had never been food safety certified had greater odds of having a refrigerator temperature >41°F. The data from this study suggest that retail temperature control is improving over time. They also identify a food safety gap: some delis have refrigerator temperatures that exceed 41°F. We also found that two food safety interventions were related to better refrigerated storage practices: kitchen manager certification and recording refrigerated storage temperatures. Regulatory food safety programs and the retail industry may wish to consider encouraging or requiring kitchen manager certification and recording refrigerated storage temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura G. Brown
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Brenda V. Faw
- California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California
| | | | | | - Melissa R. Wong
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York
| | - Craig Shepherd
- Tennessee Food Safety and Inspection Service, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel L. Gallagher
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Janell R. Kause
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, District of Columbia
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