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Yuen SKK, Bower W, Ng CF, Chiu PKF, Teoh JYC, Li CSY, Kwok HSW, Chan CK, Hou SSM. Cross-cultural translation into Chinese and psychometric evaluation of a screening tool for nocturia: the Targeting the individual's Aetiology of Nocturia to Guide Outcomes (TANGO) questionnaire. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:311-321. [PMID: 37532669 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We conducted translation and psychometric validation of a self-administered, 22-item dichotomous response-based questionnaire to identify nocturia aetiologies and co-morbidities in adult patients. METHODS The Targeting the individual's Aetiology of Nocturia to Guide Outcomes (TANGO) questionnaire was forward- and backward-translated, then finalised using a standardised methodology. The resulting version, a Chinese version of the TANGO [TANGO (CV)], was evaluated for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, convergent validity, criterion validity, and discriminant validity via responses from 65 participants (46 men and 19 women; mean age, 67 years, range, 50-88), in comparison with other validated questionnaires and a 4-day bladder/sleep diary. RESULTS Only 0.4% of responses were missing; 3% of participants required assistance with comprehension. The Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20) coefficient for the whole tool was 0.711. Kappa values for individual domains and the whole tool varied from 0.871 to 0.866, indicating satisfactory test-retest reliability. There was strong agreement between the sum of positive responses to each domain and the whole tool (intra-class correlation coefficient=0.878-1.000). Modest correlations (ρ=0.4-0.6) were detected between the tool and bladder/sleep diary-based parameters for convergent validity. Criterion validity was confirmed for each domain and the whole tool [ρ=0.287-0.687]. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, the tool could distinguish patients (≥2 nocturia episodes/night) from controls (≤1 nocturia episode/night) [Youden's J statistic=0.453, area under the curve=0.818, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.683-0.953] and patients with significant nocturia distress from patients with mild nocturia distress (Youden's J statistic=0.398, area under the curve=0.729, 95% CI=0.581-0.878). CONCLUSION The TANGO (CV) was formally crossculturally adapted and translated. Its psychometric properties (except sensitivity to change) were validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K K Yuen
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Bower
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K F Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C S Y Li
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H S W Kwok
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C K Chan
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S S M Hou
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ng CF, Mak CWH, Chan SYS, Li ML, Leung CH, Teoh JYC, Chiu PKF, Chu PSK. Disease-related complications in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:324-329. [PMID: 37424071 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate-specific antigen-based screening for prostate cancer reportedly does not improve cancer-specific survival. However, there remain concerns about the increasing incidence of advanced disease at initial presentation. Here, we investigated the incidences and types of complications that occur during the course of disease in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). METHODS This study included 100 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with mHSPC at five hospitals from January 2016 to August 2017. Analyses were conducted using patient data extracted from a prospectively collected database, along with information about complications and readmission obtained from electronic medical records. RESULTS The median patient age was 74 years and the median serum prostate-specific antigen level at diagnosis was 202.5 ng/mL. Ninety-nine patients received androgen deprivation therapy; 17 of these patients also received chemotherapy. During a mean follow-up period of 32.9 months, 41 patients reported bone pain; of these patients, 21 developed pathologic fractures and eight had cord compression. Twenty-eight patients developed retention of urine; of these patients, 10 (36%) required surgery and 11 (39%) required long-term urethral catheter use. Among 15 patients who developed ureteral obstruction, four (27%) required ureteral stenting and four (27%) required long-term nephrostomy drainage. Other complications included anaemia (41%) and deep vein thrombosis (4%). Fifty-nine (59%) patients had ≥1 unplanned hospital admission during the course of disease; 16% of such patients had >5 episodes of readmission. CONCLUSION Among patients with mHSPC, 70% experienced disease-related complications and unplanned hospital admissions, which substantially burdened both patients and the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C W H Mak
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Y S Chan
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M L Li
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C H Leung
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Y C Teoh
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K F Chiu
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P S K Chu
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Mok A, Mui OOY, Tang KP, Lee WY, Ng CF, Wong SH, Wong MCS, Teoh JYC. Public awareness of preventive measures against COVID-19: an infodemiology study. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:214-223. [PMID: 37349138 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an increase in global awareness of relevant public health preventive measures. This awareness can be explored using online search trends from major search engines, such as Google Trends. We investigated the relationship between public awareness of preventative measures and progression of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Search data for five queries ('mask', 'hand washing', 'social distancing', 'hand sanitizer', and 'disinfectant') were extracted from Google Trends in the form of relative search volume (RSV). Global incidence data for COVID-19 were obtained from 1 January to 30 June 2020. These data were analysed and illustrated using a global temporal RSV trend diagram, a geographical RSV distribution chart, scatter plots comparing geographical RSV with average number of daily cases, and heat maps comparing temporal trends of RSV with average number of daily cases. RESULTS Global temporal trends revealed multiple increases in RSV, associated with specific COVID-19-related news events. The geographical distribution showed top regions of interest for various preventive measures. For the queries 'mask', 'hand washing', 'hand sanitizer', and 'disinfectant', heat maps demonstrated patterns of early RSV peaks in regions with lower average number of daily cases, when the temporal element was incorporated into the analysis. CONCLUSION Early public awareness of multiple preventive measures was observed in regions with lower average number of daily cases. Our findings indicate optimal public health communication regarding masks, hand washing, hand sanitiser, and disinfectant in the general population during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Early public awareness may facilitate future disease control efforts by public health authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mok
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - O O Y Mui
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K P Tang
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Y Lee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Office of Global Engagement, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ng CF, Lim K, Yee CH, Chiu PKF, Teoh JYC, Lai FPT. Time for change? Feasibility of introducing micromodules into medical student education: a randomised controlled trial. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:208-213. [PMID: 37349137 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Didactic lectures have been the foundation of learning for many medical students. However, in recent years, the flipped classroom model has become increasingly popular in medical education. This approach enhances pre-class learning, allowing the limited contact time between clinicians and medical students to be focused on practical issues. This study evaluated the effectiveness and non-inferiority of online micromodule teaching in terms of knowledge transfer concerning specific urology topics. METHODS Medical students without prior exposure to the urology subspecialty were enrolled in the study, then randomised to a traditional didactic lecture group or an online micromodule group. Knowledge transfer was assessed by pre-intervention and post-intervention multiple-choice questions and objective structured clinical examinations that involved the acquisition of medical histories from real patients. RESULTS In total, 45 medical students were enrolled (22 in the traditional didactic group and 23 in the online micromodule group). In terms of knowledge transfer (assessed by objective structured clinical examinations), the efficacy of online micromodules was comparable to traditional didactic lectures, although the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.823). There were no significant differences in terms of knowledge acquisition, retention, or clinical application between the two groups. CONCLUSION In terms of acquiring, retaining, and applying foundational urological knowledge, online micromodules can help medical students to achieve outcomes comparable with the outcomes of didactic lectures. Online micromodules may be a viable alternative to traditional didactic lectures in urology education.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Lim
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C H Yee
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K F Chiu
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Y C Teoh
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - F P T Lai
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Satar SNA, Mogan S, Jaafar WPN, Maghalingam S, Affendi FAR, Ng CF, Khoo CS, Chee YC, Hod R, Tan HJ. Characteristics of electroencephalogram changes and correlation with seizures in hospitalised patients. Med J Malaysia 2023; 78:149-154. [PMID: 36988523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important investigational tool that is widely used in the hospital settings for numerous indications. The aim was to determine factors associated with abnormal EEG and its clinical correlations in hospitalised patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with at least one EEG recording were recruited. The EEG and clinical data were collated. RESULTS Two hundred and fifty patients underwent EEG and 154 (61.6%) were found to have abnormal EEG. The abnormal changes consist of theta activity (79,31.6%), delta activity (20, 8%), focal discharges (41,16.4%) and generalised discharges (14, 5.6%). Older patients had 3.481 higher risk for EEG abnormalities, p=0.001. Patients who had focal seizures had 2.240 higher risk of having EEG abnormalities, p<0.001. Low protein level was a risk for EEG abnormalities, p=0.003. CONCLUSION This study emphasised that an abnormal EEG remains a useful tool in determining the likelihood for seizures in a hospital setting. The risk factors for EEG abnormality in hospitalised patients were age, focal seizures and low protein level. The EEG may have an important role as part of the workup in hospitalised patients to aid the clinician to tailor their management in a holistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N A Satar
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Mogan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W P N Jaafar
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Maghalingam
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - F A R Affendi
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C F Ng
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C S Khoo
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Y C Chee
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Kota Bahru, Malaysia
| | - R Hod
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Tan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Chan EOT, Chan VWS, Tang TST, Cheung V, Wong MCS, Yee CH, Ng CF, Teoh JYC. Systematic review and meta-analysis of ketamine-associated uropathy. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28:466-474. [PMID: 36464318 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj209194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the literature regarding ketamine-associated uropathy to summarise its clinical manifestations, the results of urological assessments, and current management. METHODS A literature search was conducted using keywords and MeSH terms related to ketamine abuse, urinary tracts, and urological examinations. Databases including Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to 26 June 2020. RESULTS In total, 1365 articles were retrieved; 45 articles (4921 patients) were included in the analysis of patient demographics, clinical manifestations, examination results, and treatments. Frequency was the most common manifestation (pooled prevalence 77.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]=56.9%-92.2%), followed by urgency (69.9%, 95% CI=48.8%-87.3%) and suprapubic pain (60.4%, 95% CI=35.3%-82.9%). Upper urinary tract involvement was less common; the pooled prevalence of hydronephrosis was 30.2% (95% CI=22.0%-39.2%). Further workup revealed a pooled functional bladder capacity of 95.23 mL (95% CI=63.57-126.88 mL), pooled voided volume of 113.31 mL (95% CI=59.44- 167.19 mL), and pooled maximum urine flow rate of 8.69 mL/s (95% CI=5.54-11.83 mL/s). Cystoscopic examinations and bladder biopsy revealed frequent urothelial denudation, inflammatory changes, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Treatments included oral medications for symptomatic relief, intravesical therapy, and surgery (eg, hydrodistension and bladder reconstruction), but ketamine abstinence was necessary for improvement. CONCLUSION Ketamine-associated uropathy frequently involves frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain; upper urinary tract involvement is less common. Affected patients showed reductions in bladder capacity and urine flow rate. Endoscopic and histological analyses often revealed cystitis. Despite variations in treatment, ketamine abstinence is important for all patients with ketamine-associated uropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O T Chan
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - V W S Chan
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Derby Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, United Kingdom.,Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - T S T Tang
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - V Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J Y C Teoh
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Chong CY, Faizah MZ, Hing EY, Nik Fuad NF, Chai JN, Ng CF, Hamzaini AH. Sonographic evaluation of normal diaphragmatic thickness and excursion in Malaysia paediatric population: A single-institution cross-sectional study. Med J Malaysia 2022; 77:661-668. [PMID: 36448382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diaphragmatic dysfunction is often underdiagnosed as clinical presentation is non-specific and reference values for normal diaphragmatic excursion are inadequate. The rationale of this study is to provide a normal reference value of diaphragmatic excursion and thickness in Malaysia's paediatric population using M-mode sonography, as no previous local data are available to our knowledge. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 119 healthy infants and children fulfilling our inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. They were divided into three groups according to age - 0-2 years old in group 1; 2-6 years old in group 2; 6- 12 years old in group 3. Sonography B-mode was used to assess bilateral diaphragmatic thickness and M-mode to assess diaphragmatic excursion during quiet spontaneous respiration. RESULTS In our paediatric population, the normal right and left diaphragmatic thickness were 2.0 mm ± 0.5 and 2.0 mm ± 0.5 for group 1; 2.5 mm ± 0.8 and 2.4 mm ± 0.6 for group 2; 2.7 mm ± 0.7 and 2.5 mm ± 0.5 for group 3, respectively. The normal right and left diaphragmatic excursion were 7.7 mm ± 2.5 and 7.3 mm ± 2.6 for group 1; 11.5 mm ± 3.8 and 10.6 mm ± 3.8 for group 2; 13.8 mm ± 3.9 and 12.9 mm ± 3.3 for group 3, respectively (data presented in mean ± standard deviation). There were no significant differences between two genders for each group. Significant positive correlation between age, weight, height, and body surface area with bilateral diaphragmatic thickness and excursion were detected in all studied population. The percentage difference between excursions of both hemidiaphragm was below 40%. CONCLUSIONS M-mode sonography is the modality of choice for diaphragmatic kinetics especially in paediatric population. This study provides normal sonographic reference value of diaphragmatic excursion and thickness in the Malaysian paediatric population as well as percentile curves for right diaphragmatic excursion plotted against body weight. The availability of this data will aid in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic dysfunction and hence immediate intervention for better recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Chong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Z Faizah
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - E Y Hing
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N F Nik Fuad
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J N Chai
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C F Ng
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Medicine, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A H Hamzaini
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Wong C, Chu P, Teoh J, Chiu P, Yee CH, Chau L, Chan M, Wan H, Leung S, Ng CF. Risks of metabolic diseases and androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in a Chinese population: a prospective multi-centre cohort study. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:993-1000. [PMID: 35217907 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) use in prostate cancer (PCa) has seen a rising trend. We are looking into the relationship between ADT and development of metabolic diseases in Chinese patients. METHODS This is a prospective multi-centre cohort yielded from the READT database (Real-life experience of ADT in Asia), in which patients diagnosed of PCa and offered ADT were prospectively recruited since 2016. Chinese patients recruited from Hong Kong were selected and compared to another cohort of newly diagnosed PCa patients in Hong Kong (HK-Cap database), which was collected prospectively and retrieved retrospectively for this study. Patient outcomes are followed through for 2 years. We compared between the groups the new diagnoses of hypertension, diabetes and hyper-lipidaemia, as well as the initiation of related medication for these conditions. Baseline characteristics including pre-treatment comorbidities, medications and tumour characteristics are documented. RESULTS 151 patients receiving ADT (from READT database) and 447 patients not receiving ADT (from HK-Cap database) were analysed. ADT is related to higher risks of developing any of concerned medical co-morbidities (23.8% vs 13.0*, p = 0.001) and new-onset DM (16.6% vs 4.4%, p < 0.001). Initiation of new medications is also more common in ADT patients. New anti-hypertensives (37.8% vs 12.5%, p < 0.001), oral hypoglycemic agents (12.6% vs 4.9%, p = 0.001), insulin (4.0% vs 0.05%, p = 0.001) and statin (23.7% vs 12.8%, p = 0.023) are more commonly added in ADT cohort. CONCLUSION Chinese receiving ADT are exposed to increased risks of new-onset hypertension, diabetes and hyper-lipidaemia, and a higher likelihood of stepping up pharmaceutical control for pre-existing comorbidities. This highlights physicians' role to monitor metabolic profiles in at-risk men upon offering ADT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Wong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peggy Chu
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China.,Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Pok Oi Hospital, Yuen Long, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeremy Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peter Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lysander Chau
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China.,Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Pok Oi Hospital, Yuen Long, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marco Chan
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China.,Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Pok Oi Hospital, Yuen Long, Hong Kong, China
| | - Helen Wan
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven Leung
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China. .,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Sheung Shui, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhao H, Chan VWS, Castellani D, Chan EOT, Ong WLK, Peng Q, Moschini M, Krajewski W, Pradere B, Ng CF, Enikeev D, Vasdev N, Ekin G, Sousa A, Leon J, Guerrero-Ramos F, Tan WS, Kelly J, Shariat SF, Witjes JA, Teoh JYC. 1459 Intravesical Chemohyperthermia Versus Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Instillation for Intermediate- And High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Traditional intravesical chemotherapy instillations under room temperature post trans-urethral resection (TUR) of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have lower efficacies than maintenance BCG installations. Intravesical chemo-hyperthermia (CHT) at higher temperatures is developed to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy instillation. This systematic review aims to compare the use of CHT and BCG instillation post-TUR.
Method
The protocol of this review is registered on PROSPERO(CRD42020223277). A comprehensive literature search was performed on Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL to identify studies comparing CHT and BCG post-TUR for intermediate- or high-risk NMIBC. Primary outcomes include recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes include adverse events (AE).
Results
From 2,375 identified records, four randomised control trials incorporating 327 patients were included for meta-analysis. The use of CHT was found to be non-inferior to BCG in RFS, PFS and AEs (Grades 1-3) (p > 0.05). Sensitivity analysis, excluding patients with BCG failures, show 24-36 months recurrence rate to be significantly lower in CHT group (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.98, p = 0.04) compared to the BCG group. In patients without carcinoma in situ (CIS), RFS is also significantly better in CHT patients (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32- 0.85, p < 0.01). Safety profile remains non-inferior to the BCG group in sensitivity analyses. Quality of evidence across all outcomes ranged from moderate to low.
Conclusions
In well-selected patients, intravesical CHT has superior oncological outcomes and non-inferior safety profile when compared to BCG maintenance therapy for patients with intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC. CHT is a possible alternative treatment during BCG shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - V W S Chan
- University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - E O T Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - W L K Ong
- Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Q Peng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M Moschini
- Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | - B Pradere
- University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - C F Ng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - D Enikeev
- Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - N Vasdev
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - G Ekin
- Urla State Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - A Sousa
- Comarcal Hospital, Monforte, Spain
| | - J Leon
- Comarcal Hospital, Monforte, Spain
| | | | - W S Tan
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kelly
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - S F Shariat
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
- University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, USA
- Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - J A Witjes
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijimegen, Netherlands
| | - J Y C Teoh
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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10
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Lo KL, Leung D, Lai Z, Li C, Ma SF, Wong J, Yuen KK, Li J, Chiu P, Mak SK, Wong J, Ng CF. Picture-in-picture video demonstration of systematic transperineal prostate biopsy. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:304-305. [PMID: 34413262 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K L Lo
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - D Leung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Z Lai
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C Li
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S F Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J Wong
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K K Yuen
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J Li
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - P Chiu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S K Mak
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J Wong
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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11
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Baldock D, Baynton E, Ng CF. AB0587 ASSESSING THE CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENT OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION BY CLINICIAN SPECIALITY. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Though the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is complex, patients with OA frequently have other comorbidities, including hypertension, which eludes to other considerations needed when deciding appropriate treatment management.Objectives:This study aims to examine the profiles of knee OA patients with hypertension vs. those without any comorbidities, and to elucidate key differences between these patient groups as potential areas of consideration.Methods:A multi-center, online medical chart review study of patients with OA was conducted between May – July 2020 among US rheumatologists (rheums), orthopedic surgeons (orthos), primary care physicians with a focus in sports medicine (SM PCPs), and pain specialists. Physicians recruited were screened for duration of practice in their specialty (3-50 years) and caseload (>=35 knee OA patients personally managed, at least 10 being moderate-severe). Patient charts were recorded for the next 5 eligible patients seen during the screening period. Respondents abstracted patient demographics and treatments used. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.Results:260 physicians were recruited and collectively reported 796 knee OA patients; 559 were reported to experience hypertension whilst 237 were reported as not experiencing any comorbidities.Reported hypertension patients were significantly older (mean 67 vs 59 years old, respectively; p≤0.01) and weighed more (mean 82kg vs 77kg, respectively; p≤0.01) than patients without comorbidities; they were also significantly more likely to be previous smokers compared to those without comorbidities (23% vs 8%, respectively; p≤0.01). With regards to current knee OA severity, both orthos and SM PCPs reported a significantly higher proportion of hypertension patients that were deemed ‘severe’ (physician opinion) vs patients without comorbidities (orthos: 50% vs 32%, respectively; SM PCPs: 42% vs 23%, respectively; p≤0.01).Rheums and pain specialists reported greater mild opioid usage amongst hypertension patients compared to those without comorbidities (rheums: 28% vs 10%, respectively (p≤0.05); pain specialists: 40% vs 9%, respectively; (p≤0.01)); orthos and SM PCPs stated significantly greater use of corticosteroid injections amongst their reported hypertension patients vs those without comorbidities (orthos: 60% vs 41%, respectively; SM PCPs: 40% vs 19%, respectively; p≤0.01). Hypertension patients reported by orthos and SM PCPs are more likely to be considered for total knee replacement (TKR) surgery compared to those without comorbidities (orthos: 59% vs 32%, respectively; SM PCPs: 37% vs 19%, respectively; p≤0.01). Conversely, hypertension patients reported by rheums are less likely to be considered for TKR vs those without comorbidities (41% vs 18%, respectively; p≤0.05).Reported hypertension patients had a significantly higher mean Visual Analogue Scale for Pain (VAS) score than patients without comorbidities (6.6 vs 5.9, respectively; p≤0.01). A significantly higher proportion of patients with hypertension demonstrate radiographic evidence of bone erosion compared to those without comorbidities (69% vs 56%, respectively; p≤0.01).Conclusion:From the sample surveyed, knee OA patients with hypertension may require a more specific and holistic treatment approach that takes into account their CV status and managing physician specialty. Further investigation using comparator cohort is warranted.References:[1]Ipsos Osteoarthritis Therapy Monitor (May – July 2020, 260 specialists reporting on 769 knee OA patients seen in consultation, data collected online. Participating physicians were primary treaters and saw a minimum number of 35 knee OA patients). Data © Ipsos 2021, all rights reserved.[2]Ipsos Osteoarthritis Therapy Monitor (May – July 2020, 260 specialists reporting on 769 knee OA patients seen in consultation, data collected online. Participating physicians were primary treaters and saw a minimum number of 35 knee OA patients). Data © Ipsos 2021, all rights reserved.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
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12
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Quinn DI, Ng CF, Grande E, Kwon TG, Linke R, Lee JL, Rosbrook B, Thakur MN, Eto M, Gross-Goupil M. ATLAS trial of adjuvant axitinib in patients with renal cell carcinoma: subgroup analyses with focus on axitinib dosing and racial groups. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100105. [PMID: 33901868 PMCID: PMC8099745 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ATLAS trial, investigating adjuvant axitinib versus placebo in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), was stopped for futility at a preplanned interim analysis. We report subgroup outcome analyses by ethnicity, time on treatment, dose modification and toxicity. Patients and methods Patient demographics, baseline characteristics, treatment duration and exposure and safety were analysed for Asian versus non-Asian patients treated with axitinib versus placebo. Disease-free survival (DFS) was analysed by ethnicity, treatment duration (≥1 versus <1 year), dose modification and adverse event (AE) grade. Results No DFS benefit was observed for Asian {hazard ratio (HR) 0.883 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.638-1.220]} or non-Asian [HR 0.828 (95% CI 0.490-1.400)] patients treated with axitinib or placebo. Fewer Asian versus non-Asian patients were in the highest-risk group in axitinib (51.9% versus 72.3%) or placebo (51.5% versus 66.0%) arm. Highest-risk patients in both subgroups had no DFS benefit with either treatment. More axitinib-treated Asian versus non-Asian patients had dose reductions due to AEs (58.8% versus 46.0%; P = 0.028). Asian patients experienced more nasopharyngitis but less fatigue or asthenia than non-Asians. Among Asian patients, proteinuria, hypothyroidism, nasopharyngitis, and hypertension were more common in Japanese patients than Korean patients and more common in Korean patients than Chinese patients. Patients receiving axitinib >1 year versus ≤1 year did not have different DFS: HR 0.572 (95% CI 0.247-1.327); P = 0.1874. Compared with patients on stable axitinib dose, DFS was longer in patients with dose reduction [HR 0.458 (95% CI 0.305-0.687); P = 0.0001], whereas DFS was not different in those with dose escalation [HR 1.936 (95% CI 0.937-3.997); P = 0.0685]. DFS was not different in patients experiencing grade ≥2 versus <2 AEs within 6 months of initiating axitinib: HR 0.885 (95% CI 0.419-1.869); P = 0.7488. Conclusions Asian versus non-Asian subgroup analysis revealed differences in AE experience and drug exposure. There were no DFS differences based on ethnicity or treatment duration, but axitinib dose reduction led to longer DFS. DFS analysis by Asian versus non-Asian did not indicate a DFS benefit over placebo for either subgroup. Asian patients had a lower median daily dose of axitinib and more frequent dose reductions versus non-Asian patients. Duration of axitinib treatment did not impact DFS in both Asian and non-Asian subgroups. Patients with dose reductions had longer DFS versus patients with stable dose or dose increase. There were notable differences in AEs between Asian and non-Asian patients and among Japanese, Korean and Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Quinn
- Division of Oncology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - C F Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - E Grande
- Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - T G Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - R Linke
- SFJ Pharmaceuticals, Pleasanton, USA
| | - J-L Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asian Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - M Eto
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Gross-Goupil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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13
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Yee CH, Wong HF, Tam MHM, Yuen SKK, Chan HC, Cheung MH, Yu ATO, Chiu Y, Chan NH, Leung LH, Ng ATL, Law DMC, Ng TL, Teoh JYC, Chiu PKF, Ng CF. Effect of SARS and COVID-19 outbreaks on urology practice and training. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:258-265. [PMID: 33632937 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective was to investigate the changes in urology practice during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with a perspective from our experience with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003. METHODS Institutional data from all urology centres in the Hong Kong public sector during the COVID-19 pandemic (1 Feb 2020-31 Mar 2020) and a non-COVID-19 control period (1 Feb 2019-31 Mar 2019) were acquired. An online anonymous questionnaire was used to gauge the impact of COVID-19 on resident training. The clinical output of tertiary centres was compared with data from the SARS period. RESULTS The numbers of operating sessions, clinic attendance, cystoscopy sessions, prostate biopsy, and shockwave lithotripsy sessions were reduced by 40.5%, 28.5%, 49.6%, 44.8%, and 38.5%, respectively, across all the centres reviewed. The mean numbers of operating sessions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were 85.1±30.3 and 50.6±25.7, respectively (P=0.005). All centres gave priority to cancer-related surgeries. Benign prostatic hyperplasia-related surgery (39.1%) and ureteric stone surgery (25.5%) were the most commonly delayed surgeries. The degree of reduction in urology services was less than that during SARS (47.2%, 55.3%, and 70.5% for operating sessions, cystoscopy, and biopsy, respectively). The mean numbers of operations performed by residents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were 75.4±48.0 and 34.9±17.2, respectively (P=0.002). CONCLUSION A comprehensive review of urology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed changes in every aspect of practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - H F Wong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - M H M Tam
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S K K Yuen
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - H C Chan
- Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M H Cheung
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - A T O Yu
- Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Pok Oi Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y Chiu
- Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - N H Chan
- Department of Surgery, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - L H Leung
- Department of Surgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - A T L Ng
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D M C Law
- Department of Surgery, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong
| | - T L Ng
- Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - P K F Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Liu Z, Ko CH, Ng CF, Wong HL, Zhang JF, Lam PK, Poon WS, Leung PC. Antioxidative effect of Gastrodiae Rhizoma-containing herbal formula in PC12 cell model: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26 Suppl 6:44-46. [PMID: 33229605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C H Ko
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - H L Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - J F Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | - P K Lam
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales, Hospital
| | - W S Poon
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales, Hospital
| | - P C Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital
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15
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Tan T, Yee CH, Ng CF, Teoh JYC. COVID-19 and the history of antiseptic surgery: how to tackle these little beasts. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26:258-259. [PMID: 32487774 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Tan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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16
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Teoh JYC, Lau BSY, Far NY, Yuen SKK, Yee CH, Hou SSM, Teoh TSC, Ng CF. Attitudes, acceptance, and registration in relation to organ donation in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26:192-200. [PMID: 32448810 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj198176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to investigate the discrepancy between individuals with positive attitudes towards organ donation and the actual number of registered organ donors in Hong Kong, and to investigate the best modalities for promoting more organ donor registrations. METHODS This cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted in Hong Kong. Telephone numbers were selected randomly. Upon successful contact with a household, the eligible household member who had the most recent birthday was selected to participate in the telephone interview. RESULTS A total of 1000 Hong Kong Chinese residents were interviewed successfully. The response rate was 53.8%. The majority of the respondents were female (68.3%) and were aged 51 to 60 years (24%) or ≥61 years (43.6%). Among the respondents, 31.3% were willing to donate their organs after death; 43.3% were indecisive, and 25.4% refused. Among those who were willing to donate organs after death, only 34.2% had registered with the Centralised Organ Donation Register (CODR). Among those who were willing to donate organs after death but had not yet registered on CODR, 52.2% said they were not determined enough to take action, 47.8% said they were too busy, 37.8% said they were too lazy, and 20.4% said they were always forgetful about registering. In all, 32.8% of the interviewees were not aware of the ways to register as a prospective organ donor. Among non-messenger social media platforms, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram were the most commonly used. Most participants believed that Facebook and YouTube were effective for engaging audiences. CONCLUSIONS More effort should be made to facilitate organ donor registration in face-to-face settings via promotional booths and in online settings via appropriate social media platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - B S Y Lau
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - N Y Far
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S K K Yuen
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S S M Hou
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - T S C Teoh
- Lions Kidney Educational Centre & Research Foundation, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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17
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Ng CF, Kong KY, Li CY, Li JKT, Li NY, Ng BPK, Leung SCH, Hong CYL, Yee CH, Teoh JYC. Patient-reported outcomes after surgery or radiotherapy for localised prostate cancer: a retrospective study. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26:95-101. [PMID: 32245911 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj198239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To compare the intermediate-term outcomes and patient-reported outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) and radical external beam radiotherapy (RT) in Chinese patients with localised prostate cancer. METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients with localised prostate cancer diagnosed between 2010 and 2011 and treated with either RALP or RT. Baseline patient and disease characteristics, post-treatment complications, and latest disease status were retrospectively collected from hospital records. For assessment of patient-reported outcomes, the Chinese version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire was completed by the patients. RESULTS Ninety three patients aged 58 to 84 years were recruited. Thirty patients were treated by RALP (32.3%), whereas 63 received RT (67.7%). The RALP group had significantly lower baseline prostate-specific antigen levels than the RT group (P<0.001). More patients who underwent RALP reported urinary incontinence (70.0% vs 3.2%, P<0.001), whereas more patients who underwent RT reported other voiding symptoms (87.3% vs 50.0%, P<0.001) and perirectal bleeding (36.5% vs 0%, P<0.001) during follow-up. Of the 85 patients who were still alive at the time of the study, 52 (61.2%) returned completed questionnaires. Patients who underwent RALP had poorer median (interquartile range) EPIC urinary summary scores than patients who underwent RT [81.5 (18.3) vs 88.9 (17.9), P=0.016]. Urinary function [75.9 (20.4) vs 93.6 (16.2), P<0.001] and incontinence [60.5 (31.8) vs 91.8 (14.5), P<0.001] were also significantly worse in the RALP group. The bowel and sexual domain scores were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS We found that RALP and RT were associated with different patterns of complications and patient-reported outcomes. Urinary incontinence was much more prevalent in the patients treated surgically. This may significantly affect patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Kong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C Y Li
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J K T Li
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - N Y Li
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - B P K Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S C H Leung
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C Y L Hong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ketamine is known to cause urinary tract dysfunction. Recently, methamphetamine (MA) abuse has become a growing problem in Asia. We investigated the symptomatology and voiding function in patients who abused MA and ketamine and compared their urinary tract toxicity profiles. METHODS In the period of 23 months from 1 October 2016, all consecutive new cases of patients presenting with MA- or ketamine-related urological disorder were recruited into a prospective cohort. Polysubstance abuse patients were excluded. Data were analysed by comparison between patients with ketamine abuse and MA abuse. Basic demographic data and initial symptomatology were recorded, and questionnaires on urinary symptoms and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used as assessment tools. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included for analysis. There was a statistically significant difference in mean age between patients with MA and ketamine abuse (27.2 ± 7.2 years and 31.6 ± 4.8 years, respectively, P=0.011). Urinary frequency was the most common urological symptom in our cohort of patients. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of dysuria (ketamine 43.5%, MA 6.7%, P=0.026) and a significant trend in the difference in hesitancy (ketamine 4.3%, MA 26.7%, P=0.069). Overall, questionnaires assessing urinary storage symptoms and voiding symptoms did not find a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The MoCA revealed that both groups had cognitive impairment (ketamine 24.8 ± 2.5, MA 23.6 ± 2.9, P=0.298). CONCLUCSIONS. Abuse of MA caused urinary tract dysfunction, predominantly storage symptoms. Compared with ketamine abuse, MA abuse was not commonly associated with dysuria or pelvic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yee
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Y L Hong
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - P T Lai
- Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Y H Tam
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Chiu PKF, Ng CF. Primum non nocere (first, to do no harm) in prostate biopsy. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25:344-345. [PMID: 31761746 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj195088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P K F Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Ng CF, Hong CYL, Lau BSY, Teoh JYC, Yee SCH, Leung AWK, Yuen JWM. Sexual function, self-esteem, and general well-being in Chinese adult survivors of childhood cancers: a cross-sectional survey. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25:372-381. [PMID: 31619576 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj197913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was conducted to evaluate sexual function in adult survivors of childhood cancers and investigate possible relationships between sexual function and quality of life, as measured by general well-being, self-esteem, body image, and depressive symptoms. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was performed in our centre from 14 August 2015 to 8 September 2017. Adult patients who had a history of childhood cancers, and who were disease-free for >3 years, were approached for the study during clinical follow-up. Clinical information was collected from medical records. Self-administered questionnaires regarding quality of life and sexual functioning were given to the patients and resulting data were analysed. RESULTS Two hundred patients agreed to participate in the study. The overall response rate was 64.8%. Ninety-one (45.5%) patients were women, and the mean age was 25.4 ± 5.57 years. The overall sexual functioning score was 28.3 ± 20.09. Forty-eight (24.0%) patients reported at least one sexual problem. Among patients who reported no sexual problems, more had haematological cancers (P=0.009), fewer underwent surgery (P=0.004), fewer underwent surgery with external effects (P=0.032), and fewer were regular social drinkers (P=0.013); additionally, they had a higher mean Rosenberg self-esteem scale score (P=0.010), lower mean body image scale score (P=0.008), and lower mean Patient Health Questionnaire score (P=0.001). CONCLUSION Aspects of life beyond disease condition and physical function should be considered in adult survivors of childhood cancers. Appropriate referral and intervention should be initiated for these patients when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C Y L Hong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - B S Y Lau
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - A W K Leung
- Paediatrics Oncology Team, Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J W M Yuen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
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Lo KL, Chui KL, Leung CH, Ma SF, Lim K, Ng T, Wong J, Li JKM, Mak SK, Ng CF. Outcomes of transperineal and transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25:209-215. [PMID: 31178436 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj187599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical outcomes and pathological findings of transperineal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TPUSPB) and transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUSPB) in a secondary referral hospital. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 100 TPUSPBs and 100 TRUSPBs performed in our centre. Pre-biopsy patient parameters (eg, patient age, clinical staging, serum prostate-specific antigen [PSA] level, prostate size, and PSA density), as well as pathological results and 30-day complication and readmission rates, were retrieved from the patients' medical records and compared between the two groups. RESULTS One hundred TPUSPBs performed from January 2018 to May 2018 and 100 TRUSPBs performed from January 2016 to April 2016 were included for analysis. Mean age did not significantly differ between the groups. The TPUSPB group had a higher mean PSA level, smaller prostate size, and higher PSA density, compared with the TRUSPB group. The overall prostate cancer detection rate was similar between the TPUSPB and TRUSPB groups (35% vs 25%, P=0.123). There were no significant differences between the groups in prostate cancer detection rates after stratification according to PSA density and clinical staging. With respect to complications, no patients developed fever in the TPUSPB group, while 4% of patients in the TRUSPB group had fever and required at least 1-week admission for intravenous antibiotic administration. CONCLUSION For prostate biopsy, TPUSPB is safer, with no infection complications, and has similar prostate cancer detection rate compared with TRUSPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Lo
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - K L Chui
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C H Leung
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S F Ma
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - K Lim
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - T Ng
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Wong
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J K M Li
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S K Mak
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Division of Urology, North District Hospital, New Territories East Cluster Urology Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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22
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Yee CH, Chan CK, Teoh JYC, Chiu PKF, Wong JHM, Chan ESY, Hou SSM, Ng CF. Survey on prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in an Asian population. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25:13-20. [PMID: 30655460 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj187502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) have a strong effect on socio-economic and individual quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of LUTS in an Asian population. METHODS A telephone survey of individuals aged ≥40 years and of Chinese ethnicity was conducted. The survey included basic demographics, medical and health history, drinking habits, International Prostate Symptom Score, overactive bladder symptom score, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score, and Short Form (SF)-12v2 score. RESULTS From March to May 2017, 18 881 calls were made, of which 1543 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In the end, 1000 successful respondents were recruited (302 men and 698 women). Age-adjusted prevalence of overactive bladder syndrome was 15.1%. The older the respondent, the more prevalent the storage symptoms and voiding symptoms (storage symptoms: r=0.434, P<0.001; voiding symptom: r=0.190, P<0.001). Presence of hypertension and diabetes were found to be significantly and positively correlated with storage and voiding symptoms. Storage and voiding symptoms were found to affect PHQ-9 scores (storage symptoms: r=0.257, P<0.001; voiding symptoms: r=0.275, P<0.001) and SF-12v2 scores (storage symptoms: r=0.467, P<0.001; voiding symptoms: r=0.335; P<0.001). Nocturia was the most prominent symptom among patients who sought medical help for their LUTS. CONCLUSIONS Lower urinary tract symptoms are common in Asian populations. Both storage and voiding symptoms have a negative impact on mental health and general well-being of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C K Chan
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Y C Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - P K F Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J H M Wong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - E S Y Chan
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S S M Hou
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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23
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Yuen JWM, Mak DSY, Chan ES, Gohel MDI, Ng CF. Tumor inhibitory effects of intravesical Ganoderma lucidum instillation in the syngeneic orthotopic MB49/C57 bladder cancer mice model. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 223:113-121. [PMID: 29783018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ganoderma lucidum (GL) has been traditionally used in oriental medicine as superior health tonic, and there are numerous scientific evidences of its antitumorigenic activities. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the intravesical chemopreventive effects of ethanol extract of GL (GLe) on bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intravesical therapy is defined as the direct instillation of a liquid drug into bladder through a catheter. Bacille Calmette-Guerin(BCG) solution is applied intravesically as a conventional immunotherapy for preventing recurrence of bladder cancer. By adopting the MB49/C57 bladder cancer mice model, an overall 60 MB49-implanted mice were randomized into 3 groups and treated according to 3 treatment arms, including GLe, BCG and PBS. Additionally, wild-type mice without MB49 cell inoculation and treated with PBS were used as the negative control group. Testing agents were instilled intravesically for 2 h and repeated after one week for evaluating the effects on preventing the tumor formation and growth. The treated-mice were closely monitored for major adverse effects. RESULTS GLe demonstrated more potent cytotoxic effects than BCG on MB49 cells, although both in dose-dependent manner. In the MB49-implanted mice, 80 µg/ml GLe was shown to delay the tumor formation by one week, whereas the averaged tumor volume measured at endpoint was 3.6-fold and 4.6-fold smaller than that of the BCG or PBS, respectively. However, no significant effects were observed on body weight and hematuria. CONCLUSION Current findings in mice suggested intravesical GLe therapy as an effective and safe chemopreventive strategy for inhibiting bladder tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W M Yuen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - D S Y Mak
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - E S Chan
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - M D I Gohel
- School of Medical and Health Science, Tung Wah College, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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24
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Shahedah KK, Khoo CS, Wan Nur Nafisah WY, Ng CF, Noor Ashikin I, Mohd Naim MY, Syazarina Sharis O, Rozman Z, Wan Asyraf WZ. Successful intravenous thrombolysis of a wake-up stroke with underlying valvular atrial fibrillation. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2018; 48:239-241. [PMID: 30191912 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2018.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 42-year-old female admitted with new-onset atrial fibrillation had a wake-up stroke on the high-dependency unit and the time last seen well (TLSW) was 6.5 h. She suffered left-sided body weakness and her National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 17. An emergency CT perfusion showed right M1 segment occlusion with more than 50% penumbra. She was given recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) at 9 h from TLSW. An immediate diagnostic angiogram with intention to treat, owing to the presence of large vessel occlusion, showed complete reperfusion after intravenous r-tPA. She was discharged with NIHSS of 2, and at 3-month follow up her Modified Rankin Scale was 0. We demonstrated a successful reperfusion and excellent clinical recovery with intravenous thrombolysis in a patient who presented with a wake-up stroke with underlying valvular atrial fibrillation despite evidence of large vessel occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Shahedah
- Neurology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - C S Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W Y Wan Nur Nafisah
- Department of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C F Ng
- Department of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - I Noor Ashikin
- Department of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Y Mohd Naim
- Department of Radiology, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - O Syazarina Sharis
- Department of Radiology, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Z Rozman
- Department of Radiology, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W Z Wan Asyraf
- Medical Department, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
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25
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Tse LA, Ho WM, Wang F, He YH, Ng CF. Environmental risk factors of prostate cancer: a case-control study. Hong Kong Med J 2018; 24 Suppl 4:30-33. [PMID: 30135272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L A Tse
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - W M Ho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | - F Wang
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Y H He
- Guilin Medical College, Guangxi Province, China
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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26
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Hong YL, Yee CH, Tam YH, Wong JH, Lai PT, Ng CF. Management of complications of ketamine abuse: 10 years' experience in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2018; 24:175-181. [PMID: 29632275 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj177086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, a dissociative anaesthetic agent and a treatment option for major depression, treatment-resistant depression, and bipolar disorder. Its strong psychostimulant properties and easy absorption make it a favourable candidate for substance abuse. Ketamine entered Hong Kong as a club drug in 2000 and the first local report of ketamine-associated urinary cystitis was published in 2007. Ketamine-associated lower-urinary tract symptoms include frequency, urgency, nocturia, dysuria, urge incontinence, and occasionally painful haematuria. The exact prevalence of ketamine-associated urinary cystitis is difficult to assess because the abuse itself and many of the associated symptoms often go unnoticed until a very late stage. Additionally, upper-urinary tract pathology, such as hydronephrosis, and other complications involving neuropsychiatric, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal systems have also been reported. Gradual improvement can be expected after abstinence from ketamine use. Sustained abstinence is the key to recovery, as relapse usually leads to recurrence of symptoms. Both medical and surgical management can be used. The Youth Urological Treatment Centre at the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, has developed a four-tier treatment protocol with initial non-invasive investigation and management for these patients. Multidisciplinary care is essential given the complex and diverse psychological factors and sociological background that underlie ketamine abuse and abstinence status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Hong
- Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Y H Tam
- Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Hm Wong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - P T Lai
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Wong MCS, Fung FDH, Leung C, Cheung WWL, Goggins WB, Ng CF. The global epidemiology of bladder cancer: a joinpoint regression analysis of its incidence and mortality trends and projection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1129. [PMID: 29348548 PMCID: PMC5773684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypotheses that the global incidence of bladder cancer was increasing but its mortality was reducing and its incidence was positively correlated with country-specific socioeconomic development. We retrieved data on age-standardized incidence and mortality rates/100,000 from the GLOBOCAN database in 2012. Temporal patterns were examined for 39 countries from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents volumes I-X and other national registries. We evaluated the correlation between the incidence/mortality rates and Human Development Index (HDI)/ logarithmic values of Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP). The average annual percent change of the incidence and mortality rates in the most recent 10 years was examined by joinpoint regression analysis. The highest incidence rates were observed in Southern Europe, Western Europe and North America. The mortality rates were the highest in Western Asia and Northern Africa. The incidence was positively correlated with HDI (r = 0.66 [men]; r = 0.50 [women]) and to a lesser extent logarithmic values of GDP per capita (r = 0.60 [men]; r = 0.50 [women], all p < 0.01). Many European countries experienced incidence rise. A substantial mortality reduction was observed in most countries, yet increases in mortality rates were observed in the Philippines and Iceland. These findings identified countries where more preventive actions are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C S Wong
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Healthcare, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China. .,Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Franklin D H Fung
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Healthcare, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Colette Leung
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Healthcare, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wilson W L Cheung
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Healthcare, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - William B Goggins
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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28
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Hong YL, Yee CH, Leung CB, Teoh JY, Kwan BC, Li PK, Hou SS, Ng CF. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of living renal donors in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2017; 24:11-17. [PMID: 29284159 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj176820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Asia, few reports are available on the outcomes for living renal donors. We report the short- and long-term clinical outcomes of individuals following living donor nephrectomy in Hong Kong. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the characteristics and clinical outcomes of all living renal donors who underwent surgery from January 1990 to December 2015 at a teaching hospital in Hong Kong. Information was obtained from hospital records and territory-wide electronic patient records. RESULTS During the study period, 83 individuals underwent donor nephrectomy. The mean (± standard deviation) follow-up time was 12.0 ± 8.3 years, and the mean age at nephrectomy was 37.3 ± 10.0 years. A total of 44 (53.0%), four (4.8%), and 35 (42.2%) donors underwent living donor nephrectomy via an open, hand-port assisted laparoscopic, and laparoscopic approach, respectively. The overall incidence of complications was 36.6%, with most being grade 1 or 2. There were three (9.4%) grade 3a complications; all were related to open donor nephrectomy. The mean glomerular filtration rate was 96.0 ± 17.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline and significantly lower at 66.8 ± 13.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 at first annual follow-up (P<0.01). The latest mean glomerular filtration rate was 75.6% ± 15.1% of baseline. No donor died or developed renal failure. Of the donors, 14 (18.2%) developed hypertension, two (2.6%) had diabetes mellitus, and three (4.0%) had experienced proteinuria. CONCLUSION The overall perioperative outcomes are good, with very few serious complications. The introduction of a laparoscopic approach has decreased perioperative blood loss and also shortened hospital stay. Long-term kidney function is satisfactory and no patients developed end-stage renal disease. The incidences of new-onset medical diseases and pregnancy-related complications were also low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Hong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C B Leung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Yc Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - B Ch Kwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - P Kt Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S Sm Hou
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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29
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Lee MH, Khoo PJ, Gew LT, Ng CF. A case of immune thrombocytopenic purpura with prolonged aPTT time: A clotter hidden in a bleeder? Med J Malaysia 2017; 72:365-366. [PMID: 29308775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a 23-year-old woman who presented with prolonged menstruation and multiple bruises on the limbs and trunk. Investigations revealed severe thrombocytopenia and deranged coagulation profile with markedly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Lupus anticoagulant, anti-cardiolipin antibody and anti-beta-2-glycoprotein 1 antibody were positive. She was diagnosed with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) with positive antiphospholipid antibody serology and given a course of intravenous methylprednisolone and tapering doses of oral prednisolone. She was steroid free and had no bleeding or thrombotic event over two years follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Lee
- Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - P J Khoo
- Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - L T Gew
- Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C F Ng
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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30
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Ng CF, Yee CH, So WY, Yip SK, Wu E, Yau P. Effect of weight reduction on severity of lower urinary tract symptoms in obese men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Hong Kong Med J 2017; 23 Suppl 2:35-37. [PMID: 29938670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - W Y So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | | | - E Wu
- Physiotherapy Department, Prince of Wales Hospital
| | - P Yau
- Dietetic Department, Prince of Wales Hospital
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31
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Ng CF, Yee CH, Chan CK, Wong HM, Chiu PK, Tsu JH, Teoh JY, Ho KL. Bipolar transurethral vapourisation versus monopolar transurethral resection of prostate: a randomised controlled trial. Hong Kong Med J 2017; 23 Suppl 2:32-34. [PMID: 29938669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C K Chan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - H M Wong
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - P Kf Chiu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - J Hl Tsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong
| | - J Yc Teoh
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong
| | - K L Ho
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong
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32
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Lee PMY, Ng CF, Liu ZM, Ho WM, Lee MK, Wang F, Kan HD, He YH, Ng SSM, Wong SYS, Tse LA. Reduced prostate cancer risk with green tea and epigallocatechin 3-gallate intake among Hong Kong Chinese men. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2017; 20:318-322. [PMID: 28417981 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2017.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro and in vivo studies suggested that polyphenol epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) in tea may have anti-carcinogenic effect on prostate cells, but this protective effect has less been examined in epidemiology studies. We aimed to investigate the association between prostate cancer (PCA) risk and habitual green tea intake among Chinese men in Hong Kong; meanwhile, the relationship with EGCG was also explored. METHODS We consecutively recruited 404 PCA cases and 395 controls from the same hospital who had complete data on habitual tea consumption, including green, oolong, black and pu'er tea. We reconstructed the level of EGCG intake according to a standard questionnaire and the analytic values for EGCG extracted from the literature published by Lin et al. in 2003. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for tea consumption and EGCG intake using unconditional multiple logistic regression, and examined their exposure--response relationships with PCA risk. RESULTS A total of 32 cases and 50 controls reported habitual green tea drinking, showing an adjusted OR of 0.60 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37, 0.98). A moderate excess risk was observed among the habitual pu'er tea drinkers (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.91). A significantly lower intake of EGCG was observed among cases (54.4 mg) than the controls (72.5 mg), which resulted in an inverse gradient of PCA risk with the increasing intake of EGCG (test for trend, P=0.015). CONCLUSION PCA risk among Chinese men in Hong Kong was inversely associated with green tea consumption and EGCG intake, but these results need to be replicated in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Y Lee
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Z M Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - W M Ho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M K Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - F Wang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H D Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y H He
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - S S M Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Y S Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L A Tse
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chan SY, Ng CF, Lee KW, Yee CH, Chiu PK, Teoh JY, Hou SS. Differences in cancer characteristics of Chinese patients with prostate cancer who present with different symptoms. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 23:6-12. [PMID: 27932742 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj164875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently there is no structured prostate cancer screening programme in Asia. Early diagnosis of prostate cancer in Asia is by an opportunistic case-finding approach, that is, offering prostate-specific antigen testing to an individual without obvious symptoms of prostate cancer. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the mode of presentation and the characteristics of prostate cancers diagnosed in our hospital. METHODS We recruited 120 consecutive Chinese patients with prostate cancer newly diagnosed from September 2011 to February 2013 in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Patient demographics, symptoms, presentation, staging, and risk profiles were collected and analysed. RESULTS The number of subjects diagnosed during a health check (group 1), investigated for symptoms with no/low suspicion of prostate cancer (group 2), investigated for symptoms where prostate cancer was suspected (group 3), or who had undergone transurethral prostatectomy (group 4) were 12 (10.0%), 53 (44.2%), 46 (38.3%), and nine (7.5%), respectively. Overall mean age was 71.0 (range, 54-90) years, and patients in group 3 were significantly older than those in groups 1 and 2 (P<0.001). Patients in group 3 had a significantly higher level of serum prostate-specific antigen, higher incidence of abnormal digital rectal examination, and more metastatic disease at presentation than the other groups. Nonetheless, more than 50% of the prostate cancers in groups 1 and 2 were of intermediate risk or higher staging at presentation. After a median follow-up of 32 months, cancer-specific survival was 100% for each of groups 1, 2, and 4 but was only 76.8% for group 3 (P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Patients with prostate cancer who presented with prostate cancer-related symptoms had more metastatic disease and poorer survival than patients diagnosed by a case-finding approach. Moreover, more than half of those patients diagnosed by case finding belonged to intermediate- or higher-risk groups for which active treatment was recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ys Chan
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - K Wm Lee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - P Kf Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Yc Teoh
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S Sm Hou
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Wat E, Ng CF, Liu CL, Zhang C, Koon CM, Lau CP, Wong CW, Pang KY, Zhang X, Fung KP, Lau CB, Leung PC. Effect of combined use of Fructus Schisandrae and statin on high-fat-diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22 Suppl 6:24-27. [PMID: 27807313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Wat
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C L Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C M Koon
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C P Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C W Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - K Y Pang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - K P Fung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C Bs Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - P C Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry & Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Chiu PK, Roobol MJ, Nieboer D, Teoh JY, Yuen SK, Hou SM, Yiu MK, Ng CF. Adaptation and external validation of the European randomised study of screening for prostate cancer risk calculator for the Chinese population. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2016; 20:99-104. [PMID: 27897172 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2016.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To adapt the well-performing European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) risk calculator to the Chinese setting and perform an external validation. METHODS The original ERSPC risk calculator 3 (RC3) for prostate cancer (PCa) and high-grade PCa (HGPCa) was applied to a development cohort of 3006 previously unscreened Hong Kong Chinese men with initial transrectal biopsies performed from 1997 to 2015, age 50-80 years, PSA 0.4-50 ng ml-1 and prostate volume 10-150 ml. A simple adaptation to RC3 was performed and externally validated in a cohort of 2214 Chinese men from another Hong Kong hospital. The performance of the models were presented in calibration plots, area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) and decision curve analyses. RESULTS PCa and HGPCa was diagnosed in 16.7% (503/3006) and 7.8% (234/3006) men in the development cohort, and 20.2% (447/2204) and 9.7% (214/2204) men in the validation cohort, respectively. The AUCs using the original RC3 model in the development cohort were 0.75 and 0.84 for PCa and HGPCa, respectively, but the calibration plots showed considerable overestimation. In the external validation of the recalibrated RC3 model, excellent calibration was observed, and discrimination was good with AUCs of 0.76 and 0.85 for PCa and HGPCa, respectively. Decision curve analyses in the validation cohort showed net clinical benefit of the recalibrated RC3 model over PSA. CONCLUSIONS A recalibrated ERSPC risk calculator for the Chinese population was developed, and it showed excellent discrimination, calibration and net clinical benefit in an external validation cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Chiu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M J Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Nieboer
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Y Teoh
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S K Yuen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S M Hou
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M K Yiu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Surgery, SH Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Tam YH, Ng CF, Wong YS, Pang KK, Hong YL, Lee WM, Lai PT. Population-based survey of the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in adolescents with and without psychotropic substance abuse. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22:454-63. [PMID: 27516568 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj154806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in adolescents and the effects of psychotropic substance use. METHODS This was a population-based cross-sectional survey using a validated questionnaire in students from 45 secondary schools in Hong Kong randomly selected over the period of January 2012 to January 2014. A total of 11 938 secondary school students (response rate, 74.6%) completed and returned a questionnaire that was eligible for analysis. Individual lower urinary tract symptoms and history of psychotropic substance abuse were documented. RESULTS In this study, 11 617 non-substance abusers were regarded as control subjects and 321 (2.7%) were psychotropic substance users. Among the control subjects, 2106 (18.5%) had experienced at least one lower urinary tract symptom with urinary frequency being the most prevalent symptom (10.2%). Females had more daytime urinary incontinence (P<0.001) and males had more voiding symptoms (P=0.01). Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms increased with age from 13.9% to 25.8% towards young adulthood and age of ≥18 years (P<0.001). Among the substance users, ketamine was most commonly abused. Substance users had significantly more lower urinary tract symptoms than control subjects (P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, increasing age and psychotropic substance abuse increased the odds for lower urinary tract symptoms. Non-ketamine substance users and ketamine users were respectively 2.8-fold (95% confidence interval, 2.0-3.9) and 6.2-fold (4.1-9.1) more likely than control subjects to develop lower urinary tract symptoms. Females (odds ratio=9.9; 95% confidence interval, 5.4-18.2) were more likely to develop lower urinary tract symptoms than males (4.2; 2.5-7.1) when ketamine was abused. CONCLUSIONS Lower urinary tract symptoms are prevalent in the general adolescent population. It is important to obtain an accurate history regarding psychotropic substance use when treating teenagers with lower urinary tract symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Tam
- Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Y S Wong
- Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - K Ky Pang
- Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Y L Hong
- Division of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - W M Lee
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - P T Lai
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Chan SYS, Leung VFY, Yee CH, Chan ESY, Hou SSM, Chu W, Ng CF. Incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis after robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: a prospective study in Chinese patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2014; 46:2139-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-014-0781-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chan ESY, Yee CH, Hou SM, Ng CF. Current management practice for bladder cancer in Hong Kong: a hospital-based cross-sectional survey. Hong Kong Med J 2014; 20:229-33. [PMID: 24681411 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj134064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine current practice in the management of bladder cancer in Hong Kong government and private hospitals. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING All government hospitals and the major private institutions in Hong Kong, which provide urological services. PARTICIPANTS Urologists responding to an anonymous, self-administered, web-based questionnaire regarding practices in smoking cessation, treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and muscle invasive bladder cancer, and research into bladder cancer. RESULTS Of the 29 urologists from 11 government hospitals and eight private institutions who were invited, 18 from 11 (100%) government hospitals and seven from six (75%) private institutions responded, which amounted to an 86% response rate. In all, 88% of the respondents seldom or never referred their bladder cancer patients to smoking cessation programmes. Hong Kong urologists showed good compliance in the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer according to international guidelines. There was great variation with regard to regimens for maintenance of intravesical immunotherapy. There was underuse of perioperative systemic chemotherapy, despite wide acceptance of this practice; fewer than 10% of the patients received neo-adjuvant and adjuvant systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer. Of the surveyed urologists, 80% expressed an inadequacy of resources for bladder cancer research and 96% agreed that a local inter-hospital bladder cancer database was needed. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated great diversity in the use of intravesical immunotherapy, perioperative systemic chemotherapy, and surgical treatment of bladder cancer among urology service providers. There is a need for clear recommendations in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie S Y Chan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C H Yee
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S M Hou
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Ng CF, Hon KLE, Gohel MDI. Effects of melamine on urine crystallisation kinetics and cell responses. Hong Kong Med J 2013; 19 Suppl 8:23-25. [PMID: 24473524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Chan ESY, Yip SKH, Hou SM, Cheung HY, Lee WM, Ng CF. Age, tumour stage, and preoperative serum albumin level are independent predictors of mortality after radical cystectomy for treatment of bladder cancer in Hong Kong Chinese. Hong Kong Med J 2013; 19:400-6. [PMID: 23926174 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj133964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between patient age, other clinical factors and mortality following radical cystectomy for treatment of bladder cancer. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING A urology unit in Hong Kong. PATIENTS The outcomes of 117 patients who had radical cystectomies performed in one urological unit from 2003 to 2011 were reviewed. Demographic and perioperative data, including tumour stage, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and preoperative serum albumin levels were retrieved from computerised medical records. Risk factors for 30-day mortality, and cancer-specific, other-cause, and overall death rates at 5 years were calculated. The data were subsequently stratified and analysed according to age. RESULTS Of the 117 patients, 83 (71%) were aged 75 years or below. The mean follow-up duration was 31 (standard deviation, 29) months. Age, tumour stage, and preoperative serum albumin level, but not the Charlson Comorbidity Index, were found to be predictors of survival following radical cystectomy. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 3% in the full sample, 1% in patients aged 75 years or below, and 10% in patients aged over 75 years. There was no significant difference in 5-year cancer-caused mortalities between patients aged 75 years or below and those aged over 75 years (33% vs 33%, P=0.956). In patients older than 75 years, the 5-year other-cause and overall mortality rates were 47% and 80%, respectively; such rates were higher than those for younger patients (13% and 46%, respectively). CONCLUSION Age, tumour stage, and preoperative serum albumin level were predictors of survival after radical cystectomy. Non-cancer-related death played a crucial role in the overall mortality rate in elderly patients having radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Y Chan
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Ng CF, Yeung R, Chiu PKF, Lam NY, Chow J, Chan B. The role of urine prostate cancer antigen 3 mRNA levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer among Hong Kong Chinese patients. Hong Kong Med J 2012; 18:459-465. [PMID: 23223645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish and verify the utility of measuring urine prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) mRNA levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer among Hong Kong Chinese patients. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Urology Unit of a regional hospital in Hong Kong. PATIENTS This study was carried out in two parts. In the first part, 102 post-prostatic massage urine samples were collected from patients with known prostate cancer (38 patients) and controls (64 patients, with normal digital rectal examination and serum prostate-specific antigen <4 ng/mL). The urine levels of PCA3 and prostate-specific antigen mRNA were measured and the best cut-off point for differentiating cancer was determined. In the second part of the study, post-prostatic massage urine samples from 47 patients with clinically suspected prostate cancer were collected prior to prostate biopsy. The performance of PCA3 as a diagnostic aid for cancer was then assessed using the aforementioned cut-off value. RESULTS In the first part of the study, the best cut-off for the PCA3 ratio (defined as the ratio of the Ct value of PCA3/PSA mRNA) was 1.127. Applying this cut-off to the 47 patients with clinically suspected prostate cancer and no history of previous prostate biopsy, the sensitivity and specificity of PCA3 for diagnosing prostate cancer were 71% and 92%, respectively. CONCLUSION The post-prostatic massage urine PCA3 level shows utility for diagnosing prostate cancer in patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen levels that could facilitate decisions to undertake prostate biopsy and avoid unnecessary biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Xie C, Jiang XH, Zhang JT, Sun TT, Dong JD, Sanders AJ, Diao RY, Wang Y, Fok KL, Tsang LL, Yu MK, Zhang XH, Chung YW, Ye L, Zhao MY, Guo JH, Xiao ZJ, Lan HY, Ng CF, Lau KM, Cai ZM, Jiang WG, Chan HC. CFTR suppresses tumor progression through miR-193b targeting urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2012; 32:2282-91, 2291.e1-7. [PMID: 22797075 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is expressed in the epithelial cells of a wide range of organs/tissues from which most cancers are derived. Although accumulating reports have indicated the association of cancer incidence with genetic variations in CFTR gene, the exact role of CFTR in cancer development and the possible underlying mechanism have not been elucidated. Here, we report that CFTR expression is significantly decreased in both prostate cancer cell lines and human prostate cancer tissue samples. Overexpression of CFTR in prostate cancer cell lines suppresses tumor progression (cell growth, adhesion and migration), whereas knockdown of CFTR leads to enhanced malignancies both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrate that CFTR knockdown-enhanced cell proliferation, cell invasion and migration are significantly reversed by antibodies against either urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) or uPA receptor (uPAR), which are known to be involved in various malignant traits of cancer development. More interestingly, overexpression of CFTR suppresses uPA by upregulating the recently described tumor suppressor microRNA-193b (miR-193b), and overexpression of pre-miR-193b significantly reverses CFTR knockdown-enhanced malignant phenotype and abrogates elevated uPA activity in prostate cancer cell line. Finally, we show that CFTR gene transfer results in significant tumor repression in prostate cancer xenografts in vivo. Taken together, the present study has demonstrated a previously undefined tumor-suppressing role of CFTR and its involvement in regulation of miR-193b in prostate cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xie
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Cheung JMK, Hou SSM, Yip SKH, Ng CF. An unusual cause of retention of urine after intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for superficial bladder cancer. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:492-494. [PMID: 22147321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We report an unusual complication of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for superficial bladder cancer, namely, retention of urine secondary to prostatic Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection and abscess. A summary of the literature together with a review of its management is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie M K Cheung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Ng CF, Koon CM, Cheung DWS, Lam MY, Leung PC, Lau CBS, Fung KP. The anti-hypertensive effect of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) and Gegen (Pueraria lobata) formula in rats and its underlying mechanisms of vasorelaxation. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 137:1366-1372. [PMID: 21855622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (Danshen) and Radix Puerariae lobatae (Gegen) have long been used in traditional Chinese Medicine and serve as the principal herbs in treating cardiovascular disease. AIMS OF THE STUDY In the present study, an aqueous extract comprising Danshen and Gegen in the ratio of 7:3 (DG) was investigated for its anti-hypertension in vivo and vasodilative activities ex vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-hypertensive effect of DG extract was investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) by measuring systolic blood pressure (SBP). Oral administration of DG extract was started at age of 6 weeks and 14 weeks for the preventive and therapeutic studies, respectively. Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method biweekly for 12 weeks. The ex vivo vasodilative activities of DG extract, its dependency on endothelium and the involvement of nitric oxide, prostacyclin and potassium channels were investigated using isolated rat aorta ring in organ bath. RESULTS For in vivo study, systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced in DG extract-treated groups (90.2 and 300 mg/kg) as compared with the SHR control in both preventive and therapeutic studies. However, DG extract was unable to suppress or delay the onset of hypertension in the preventive study. For ex vivo study, the results showed that DG extract induced a concentration-dependent relaxation in aorta and persisted response was observed with the removal of endothelium. Besides, pretreatment with a non-selective potassium channel inhibitor tetraethylammonium (TEA) also significantly inhibited DG extract-induced vasodilation. Further investigations on specific potassium channel blockers revealed that ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel inhibitor glibenclamide, inward rectifier potassium (Kir) inhibitor barium chloride and voltage-dependent potassium (K(v)) channel inhibitor 4-aminopyridine, but not BK(Ca) channel inhibitor iberiotoxin, exerted significant inhibition on DG extract-induced vasodilation. CONCLUSIONS The results of in vivo SHR animal model suggested that DG aqueous extract possessed blood pressure lowering effect on both pre- and post-hypertensive rats, which could be explained by its endothelium-independent vasodilation via the opening of K(ATP), Kir and K(v) channels.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage
- Antihypertensive Agents/isolation & purification
- Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Epoprostenol/metabolism
- Hypertension/drug therapy
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Hypertension/prevention & control
- KATP Channels/drug effects
- KATP Channels/metabolism
- Male
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Plants, Medicinal
- Potassium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/drug effects
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/metabolism
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/drug effects
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/metabolism
- Pueraria/chemistry
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Salvia miltiorrhiza/chemistry
- Time Factors
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage
- Vasodilator Agents/isolation & purification
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Yip SKH, Ng CF. Re: intraurethral instillation of ketamine for male rigid cystoscopy (from: Moharai RS, Najafi A, Khajavi MR, et al. J Endourol 2010; 24:2033-2036). J Endourol 2011; 25:1677; author reply 1678. [PMID: 21797766 DOI: 10.1089/end.2011.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Yuen JWM, Gohel MDI, Ng CF. The differential immunological activities of Ganoderma lucidum on human pre-cancerous uroepithelial cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 135:711-718. [PMID: 21501679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY Ganoderma lucidum is active to stimulate immunological effector cells, but the effects on uroepithelial cells have never been explored. The present study compared the expression of major cytokines induced by the water (GLw) and ethanol (GLe) extracts of G. lucidum. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pre-cancerous human uroepithelial cell (HUC-PC) line was employed. A total of 15 cytokines, including major Th1/Th2 cytokines and chemokines, were measured in the complete media after 24h incubation with GLw and GLe. Additionally, the following assays were performed: cytotoxicity, apoptosis, migration of neutrophils, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) DNA binding activity. RESULTS GLe inhibited the growth of HUC-PC cells through apoptosis. Interleukins IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly up-regulated by GLe in dose-dependent manners, but not by GLw. However, MCP-1 level was significantly increased by GLw but was oppositely reduced by GLe. Furthermore, the elevation of cytokine expression was correlated with the enhancement of p50/p65 NF-κB activity induced by GLe. The elevated IL-8 levels in GLe-treated cells were also correlated with the migration of neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS GLe and GLw exhibited different immunological activities on the HUC-PC cells. In particular, the activities of GLe may favor the clearance of high risk urothelial cells, suggesting potent chemopreventive ingredients are extractable by ethanol from G. lucidum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W M Yuen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Ng CF, Fung ELW. The lesson of "BRIC". Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:254. [PMID: 21636877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
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Lo KL, Ng CF, Lam CNY, Hou SSM, To KF, Yip SKH. Short-term outcome of patients with robot-assisted versus open radical prostatectomy: for localised carcinoma of prostate. Hong Kong Med J 2010; 16:31-35. [PMID: 20124571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the short-term outcome of patients undergoing robot-assisted versus open radical prostatectomy. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. SETTING A university teaching hospital in Hong Kong. PATIENTS Twenty consecutive cases having robot-assisted radical prostatectomy were compared with the last 20 cases of open radical prostatectomy (prior to November 2005 when the robotic system was introduced). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Perioperative functional evaluation (with special emphasis on continence) and oncological evaluation (included margin studies and prostate-specific antigen levels). RESULTS Regarding baseline clinical characteristics of the patients, there was no statistically significant difference between the robotic and open radical prostatectomy groups. For perioperative outcome, in the robotic group the blood transfusion rate was significantly lower (5 vs 65%), hospital stay was shorter (8 vs 17 days), and the catheter time was shorter (12 vs 18 days). For early oncological outcome, there was no statistically significant difference in the margin positive rate and early prostate-specific antigen results. Regarding continence (use of 0-1 pads/day), it was achieved by 95% in the robotic group with a mean follow-up of 6 months compared to 85% in the open group with a mean follow-up of 42 months. CONCLUSIONS Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy offered the benefits of a minimally invasive operation with less blood loss, shorter catheter time and hospital stay, and earlier continence. It has therefore become the preferred surgical option in our institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Lo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Ng CF, Tsui TM, To KF, Hou SM, Yip SSK. Late recurrent seminoma: 18 years after bilateral orchidectomy in patient with bilateral stage one testicular seminoma. Int Urol Nephrol 2009; 42:69-72. [PMID: 19488832 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-009-9595-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Late recurrence of stage I seminoma is an uncommon event. We reported a patient with seminoma recurred 18 years after the initial bilateral orchidectomy for bilateral stage I seminoma. He was on surveillance after the initial treatment and remained disease free for 18 years. He then presented with liver mass and diagnosed as recurrent seminoma. Systemic chemotherapy and subsequent hepatectomy for residual hepatic tumour mass were performed and the disease was cleared. The incidence and management of the late recurrence of seminoma would be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Lo KL, Chan MCK, Wong A, Hou SM, Ng CF. Long-term outcome of patients with a successful trial without catheter, after treatment with an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker for acute urinary retention caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int Urol Nephrol 2009; 42:7-12. [PMID: 19449121 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-009-9572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a retrospective review of long-term outcome for patients with a first episode of acute urinary retention (AUR) who could void successfully after the initial trial without catheter (TWOC) after treatment with an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker (AR blocker). METHODS The records of 248 patients who presented with a first episode of AUR secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and who could void successfully after the initial TWOC following treatment with an AR blocker were reviewed during the period January 1998 to December 2001. The characteristics of the patients and the subsequent outcomes were recorded. The primary outcome assessed was failed medical treatment within the five-year follow-up period. Factors correlated with the primary outcome were also assessed. RESULTS For these 248 patients, the median follow-up time was 33.0 months (range 0-96 months). The percentage of patients with failed medical treatment at 6, 12, 24, and 60 months was 11.6, 14.3, 28.4, and 50.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that only a prostate size >50 ml and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level during AUR >10 ng/dl were significant predictors of subsequent requirement for surgical intervention after a successful TWOC. CONCLUSIONS Although AR blockers increased the success rate of TWOC, approximately half of the patients in this study still required additional intervention within five years. By using appropriate selection criteria, such as a large prostate size (>50 ml) or high serum PSA level during AUR (>10 microg/l), patients who are at greater risk of TWOC failure can be identified, and earlier surgical intervention can be offered to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Lo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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