1
|
Dolton G, Rius C, Wall A, Szomolay B, Bianchi V, Galloway SAE, Hasan MS, Morin T, Caillaud ME, Thomas HL, Theaker S, Tan LR, Fuller A, Topley K, Legut M, Attaf M, Hopkins JR, Behiry E, Zabkiewicz J, Alvares C, Lloyd A, Rogers A, Henley P, Fegan C, Ottmann O, Man S, Crowther MD, Donia M, Svane IM, Cole DK, Brown PE, Rizkallah P, Sewell AK. Targeting of multiple tumor-associated antigens by individual T cell receptors during successful cancer immunotherapy. Cell 2023; 186:3333-3349.e27. [PMID: 37490916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The T cells of the immune system can target tumors and clear solid cancers following tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy. We used combinatorial peptide libraries and a proteomic database to reveal the antigen specificities of persistent cancer-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) following successful TIL therapy for stage IV malignant melanoma. Remarkably, individual TCRs could target multiple different tumor types via the HLA A∗02:01-restricted epitopes EAAGIGILTV, LLLGIGILVL, and NLSALGIFST from Melan A, BST2, and IMP2, respectively. Atomic structures of a TCR bound to all three antigens revealed the importance of the shared x-x-x-A/G-I/L-G-I-x-x-x recognition motif. Multi-epitope targeting allows individual T cells to attack cancer in several ways simultaneously. Such "multipronged" T cells exhibited superior recognition of cancer cells compared with conventional T cell recognition of individual epitopes, making them attractive candidates for the development of future immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garry Dolton
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Cristina Rius
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Aaron Wall
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Barbara Szomolay
- Systems Immunology Research Institute, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Valentina Bianchi
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Sarah A E Galloway
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Md Samiul Hasan
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Théo Morin
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Marine E Caillaud
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Hannah L Thomas
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Sarah Theaker
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Li Rong Tan
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Anna Fuller
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Katie Topley
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Mateusz Legut
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Meriem Attaf
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Jade R Hopkins
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Enas Behiry
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Joanna Zabkiewicz
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Caroline Alvares
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Angharad Lloyd
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Amber Rogers
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Peter Henley
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Christopher Fegan
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Oliver Ottmann
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Stephen Man
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Michael D Crowther
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK; National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Donia
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - David K Cole
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Paul E Brown
- The Zeeman Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Pierre Rizkallah
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Andrew K Sewell
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK; Systems Immunology Research Institute, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carreño-Tarragona G, Álvarez-Larrán A, Harrison C, Martínez-Ávila JC, Hernández-Boluda JC, Ferrer-Marín F, Radia DH, Mora E, Francis S, González-Martínez T, Goddard K, Pérez-Encinas M, Narayanan S, Raya JM, Singh V, Gutiérrez X, Toth P, Amat-Martínez P, Mcilwaine L, Alobaidi M, Mayani K, McGregor A, Stuckey R, Psaila B, Segura A, Alvares C, Davidson K, Osorio S, Cutting R, Sweeney CP, Rufián L, Moreno L, Cuenca I, Smith J, Morales ML, Gil-Manso R, Koutsavlis I, Wang L, Mead AJ, Rozman M, Martínez-López J, Ayala R, Cross NCP. CNL and aCML should be considered as a single entity based on molecular profiles and outcomes. Blood Adv 2023; 7:1672-1681. [PMID: 36375042 PMCID: PMC10182308 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) and atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML) are rare myeloid disorders that are challenging with regard to diagnosis and clinical management. To study the similarities and differences between these disorders, we undertook a multicenter international study of one of the largest case series (CNL, n = 24; aCML, n = 37 cases, respectively), focusing on the clinical and mutational profiles (n = 53 with molecular data) of these diseases. We found no differences in clinical presentations or outcomes of both entities. As previously described, both CNL and aCML share a complex mutational profile with mutations in genes involved in epigenetic regulation, splicing, and signaling pathways. Apart from CSF3R, only EZH2 and TET2 were differentially mutated between them. The molecular profiles support the notion of CNL and aCML being a continuum of the same disease that may fit best within the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms. We identified 4 high-risk mutated genes, specifically CEBPA (β = 2.26, hazard ratio [HR] = 9.54, P = .003), EZH2 (β = 1.12, HR = 3.062, P = .009), NRAS (β = 1.29, HR = 3.63, P = .048), and U2AF1 (β = 1.75, HR = 5.74, P = .013) using multivariate analysis. Our findings underscore the relevance of molecular-risk classification in CNL/aCML as well as the importance of CSF3R mutations in these diseases.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/genetics
- Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic/genetics
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases/genetics
- Mutation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Carreño-Tarragona
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Claire Harrison
- Hematology Department, Guy’s and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - José Carlos Martínez-Ávila
- Agricultural Economics, Statistics and Business Management Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agrónomica, Alimentaria y Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francisca Ferrer-Marín
- Hematology Department, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Deepti H. Radia
- Hematology Department, Guy’s and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elvira Mora
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sebastian Francis
- Hematology Department, Sheffield Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kathryn Goddard
- Hematology Department, Rotherham Hospital, Rotherham, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Pérez-Encinas
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Srinivasan Narayanan
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - José María Raya
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Vikram Singh
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Xabier Gutiérrez
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Toth
- Hematology Department, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Louisa Mcilwaine
- Hematology Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Magda Alobaidi
- Department of Haematology, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust West Middlesex Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karan Mayani
- Hematology Department, Hospital General de La Palma, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Andrew McGregor
- Department of Haematology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Stuckey
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Bethan Psaila
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrián Segura
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Caroline Alvares
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Kerri Davidson
- Hematology Department, Kirkcaldy Hospital, Fife, Scotland
| | - Santiago Osorio
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Cutting
- Hematology Department, Doncaster Hospital, Doncaster, Yorkshire, England
| | - Caroline P. Sweeney
- Hematology Department, Vale of Leven Hospital, Alexandria, West Dunbartonshire, Scotland
| | - Laura Rufián
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuenca
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeffery Smith
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - María Luz Morales
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Gil-Manso
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ioannis Koutsavlis
- Hematology Department, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lihui Wang
- Haemato-Oncology Diagnostic Service, Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Adam J. Mead
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - María Rozman
- Hemopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Ayala
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, I+12, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Complutense University, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas C. P. Cross
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chiriches C, Nicolaisen N, Wieske M, Elhaddad H, Mehmetbeyoglu E, Alvares C, Becher D, Hole P, Ottmann OG, Ruthardt M. Understanding a high-risk acute myeloid leukemia by analyzing the interactome of its major driver mutation. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010463. [PMID: 36288392 PMCID: PMC9639852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The WHO classifies t(6;9)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as a subgroup of high-risk AML because of its clinical and biological peculiarities, such as young age and therapy resistance. t(6;9) encodes the DEK/NUP214 fusion oncoprotein that targets only a small subpopulation of bone marrow progenitors for leukemic transformation. This distinguishes DEK/NUP214 from other fusion oncoproteins, such as PML/RARα, RUNX1/ETO, or MLL/AF9, which have a broad target population they block differentiation and increase stem cell capacity. A common theme among most leukemogenic fusion proteins is their aberrant localization compared to their wild-type counterparts. Although the actual consequences are widely unknown, it seems to contribute to leukemogenesis most likely by a sequester of interaction partners. Thus, we applied a global approach to studying the consequences of the aberrant localization of t(6;9)-DEK/NUP214 for its interactome. This study aimed to disclose the role of localization of DEK/NUP214 and the related sequester of proteins interacting with DEK/NUP214 for the determination of the biology of t(6;9)-AML. Here we show the complexity of the biological consequences of the expression of DEK/NUP214 by an in-depth bioinformatic analysis of the interactome of DEK/NUP214 and its biologically dead mutants. DEK/NUP214's interactome points to an essential role for aberrant RNA-regulation and aberrant regulation of apoptosis and leukocyte activation as a significant determinant of the phenotype of t(6;9)-AML. Taken together, we provide evidence that the interactome contributes to the aberrant biology of an oncoprotein, providing opportunities for developing novel targeted therapy approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Chiriches
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Section of Hematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (CC); (MR)
| | - Nathalie Nicolaisen
- Department of Hematology, Medical Clinic II Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maria Wieske
- Department of Hematology, Medical Clinic II Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Heba Elhaddad
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Section of Hematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ecmel Mehmetbeyoglu
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Section of Hematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Alvares
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Section of Hematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute of Microbiology, Microbial Proteomics, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Paul Hole
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Section of Hematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Gerhard Ottmann
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Section of Hematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Ruthardt
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Section of Hematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC) Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (CC); (MR)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mahdi AJ, Gosrani D, Chakraborty M, Rees A, Conner C, Wilson K, Rayment R, Alvares C. Successful molecular targeted treatment of AML in pregnancy with Azacitidine and Sorafenib with no adverse fetal outcomes. Br J Haematol 2016; 180:603-604. [PMID: 27766617 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Mahdi
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Deepan Gosrani
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Alexandra Rees
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Christine Conner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Keith Wilson
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel Rayment
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Caroline Alvares
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dignan F, Alvares C, Riley U, Ethell M, Cunningham D, Treleaven J, Ashley S, Bendig J, Morgan G, Potter M. Parainfluenza type 3 infection post stem cell transplant: high prevalence but low mortality. J Hosp Infect 2006; 63:452-8. [PMID: 16772104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2006.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2006] [Accepted: 03/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Parainfluenza type 3 (PIV 3) is a well-recognized cause of respiratory illness after stem cell transplantation (SCT), with an estimated incidence of 2-7% and a high mortality rate associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). A 12-month retrospective study was undertaken in which 23 positive cases of PIV 3 occurred in SCT recipients. The frequency of infection was 36.1% in matched unrelated donor SCT recipients, 23.8% in sibling allogeneic SCT recipients and 2.3% in autologous transplant recipients. Seventeen cases were outpatient or community acquired despite standard infection control measures. Eleven patients only developed upper respiratory tract symptoms. LRTI symptoms developed in 12 patients, of whom eight had a new infiltrate on chest X-ray. Overall mortality at 30 days from PIV 3 diagnosis was 4% (one patient). Four patients died within 100 days of PIV 3 diagnosis, but PIV 3 was not believed to be the primary cause of death in any of these patients. Early ribavirin was used in eight patients and only one patient who received ribavirin died. These results suggest a higher prevalence of PIV 3 but a lower mortality than documented previously, particularly in allogeneic transplant recipients. The authors propose that the high prevalence reflects the unit's policy of active surveillance for respiratory viruses and the difficulty in preventing transmission of PIV 3, especially in the outpatient setting during an outbreak period. Ribavirin treatment may improve outcome in patients with LRTI but is not required in all patients with PIV 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Dignan
- Department of Haemato-oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mazzella FM, Alvares C, Kowal-Vern A, Schumacher HR. The acute erythroleukemias. Clin Lab Med 2000; 20:119-37. [PMID: 10702900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute erythroleukemia is an aggressive leukemia derived from a multipotential stem cell. Three subtypes have been described: (1) M6a with greater than or equal to 30% blasts of the nonerythrocytic component, (2) M6b with greater than or equal to 30% pronormoblasts of the erythrocytic elements, and (3) M6c with greater than or equal to 30% blasts and greater than or equal to 30% pronormoblasts by the aforementioned exclusion criteria. The poor prognosis associated with this disorder positively correlates with a high pronormoblast:myeloblast ratio; unfavorable cytogenetic aberrations; a high proliferative index; and the presence of P-glycoprotein expression (multidrug resistance phenotype). Chemotherapeutic regimens directed toward these specific parameters should be devised in order to improve the characteristically poor outcome of this patient population.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mazzella FM, Cotelingam JD, Kowal-Vern A, Shrit MA, Rector JT, Alvares C, Schumacher HR. Correspondence re: Brunning R: Proposed WHO classification of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Mod Pathol 1999;1:102-4. Mod Pathol 2000; 13:101-2. [PMID: 10658917 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3880016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
8
|
Ledig MM, McKinnell IW, Mrsic-Flogel T, Wang J, Alvares C, Mason I, Bixby JL, Mueller BK, Stoker AW. Expression of receptor tyrosine phosphatases during development of the retinotectal projection of the chick. J Neurobiol 1999; 39:81-96. [PMID: 10213455 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4695(199904)39:1<81::aid-neu7>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases and receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) appear to coordinate many aspects of neural development, including axon growth and guidance. Here, we focus on the possible roles of RPTPs in the developing avian retinotectal system. Using both in situ hybridization analysis and immunohistochemistry, we show for the first time that five RPTP genes--CRYPalpha, CRYP-2, PTPmu, PTPgamma, and PTPalpha--have different but overlapping expression patterns throughout the retina and the tectum. PTPalpha is restricted to Muller glia cells and radial glia of the tectum, indicating a possible function in controlling neuronal migration. PTPgamma expression is restricted to amacrine neurons. CRYPalpha and CRYP-2 mRNAs in contrast are expressed throughout the retinal ganglion cell layer from where axons grow out to their tectal targets. PTPmu is expressed in a subset of these ganglion cells. CRYPalpha, CRYP-2, and PTPmu proteins are also localized in growth cones of retinal ganglion cell axons and are present in defined laminae of the tectum. Thus, the spatial and temporal expression of three distinct RPTP subtypes--CRYPalpha, CRYP-2, and PTPmu--are consistent with the possibility of their involvement in axon growth and guidance of the retinotectal projection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Ledig
- Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie Abt. I, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Randhawa P, Whiteside T, Zeevi A, Nalesnik M, Alvares C, Gollin SM, Demetris J, Locker J. In vitro culture of B-lymphocytes derived from Epstein-Barr-virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease: cytokine production and effect of interferon-alpha. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1997; 33:803-8. [PMID: 9466686 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-997-0160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr-virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease ranges from transient lymphadenitis to aggressive lymphoma. This study characterizes an in vitro model to study the pathogenesis of this disease with a cell culture system. Five B-cell lines derived from posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease tissue were characterized with regard to immunophenotype, karyotype, molecular genetics, cytokine production, and growth regulation. All cell lines expressed CD19, CD21, CD22, CD43, and CD77, but not CD10 antigens. Immunoglobulin light chain restriction was seen in four of five cell lines, and cytogenetic abnormalities were demonstrable in three of the five. Cells proliferating in culture contained multiple Epstein-Barr virus episomes and showed lytic viral replication. All cell lines produced tumor necrosis factor-beta and interleukin-10 without evidence of autocrine growth regulatory loops involving these cytokines. No evidence of IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 or IL-6 production was found by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Adding 500 U IFN-alpha/ml to the culture medium resulted in 30% inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Randhawa
- Division of Transplantation Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Randhawa PS, Zeevi A, Alvares C, Gollin S, Agostini R, Yunis E, Saidman S, Contis L, Demetris AJ, Nalesnik MA. Morphologic and immunophenotypic characterization of a cell line derived from liver tissue with Epstein-Barr virus associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1994; 30A:400-6. [PMID: 8087305 DOI: 10.1007/bf02634361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A B-cell line was established from the liver of an 11-yr-old boy with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). The cells were morphologically heterogenous, CD10 (CALLA) negative, and expressed several B-cell antigens, including CD23, in a manner reminiscent of lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) reported in the literature. However, the cells also showed expression of the CD77 antigen, carried a 14q32+ chromosomal anomaly, and showed IgM-kappa immunoglobulin isotype restriction immediately after their outgrowth in culture. These latter properties are typically associated with Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines rather than LCLs. Aberrant expression of the L60 antigen on these B-cells was found as additional evidence of altered growth regulation in these cells. EBV infection was demonstrated by the abundant expression of EBNA-2 and LMP viral antigens in culture. The cell line described should be useful in planning in vitro experiments designed to understand the factors that modulate the growth of PTLD in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Randhawa
- Division of Transplantation Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|