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Pyka P, Haberek W, Więcek M, Szymanska E, Ali W, Cios A, Jastrzębska-Więsek M, Satała G, Podlewska S, Di Giacomo S, Di Sotto A, Garbo S, Karcz T, Lambona C, Marocco F, Latacz G, Sudoł-Tałaj S, Mordyl B, Głuch-Lutwin M, Siwek A, Czarnota-Łydka K, Gogola D, Olejarz-Maciej A, Wilczyńska-Zawal N, Honkisz-Orzechowska E, Starek M, Dąbrowska M, Kucwaj-Brysz K, Fioravanti R, Nasim MJ, Hittinger M, Partyka A, Wesołowska A, Battistelli C, Zwergel C, Handzlik J. First-in-Class Selenium-Containing Potent Serotonin Receptor 5-HT 6 Agents with a Beneficial Neuroprotective Profile against Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1580-1610. [PMID: 38190615 PMCID: PMC10823479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a complex and not-fully-understood etiology. Recently, the serotonin receptor 5-HT6 emerged as a promising target for AD treatment; thus, here a new series of 5-HT6R ligands with a 1,3,5-triazine core and selenoether linkers was explored. Among them, the 2-naphthyl derivatives exhibited strong 5-HT6R affinity and selectivity over 5-HT1AR (13-15), 5-HT7R (14 and 15), and 5-HT2AR (13). Compound 15 displayed high selectivity for 5-HT6R over other central nervous system receptors and exhibited low risk of cardio-, hepato-, and nephrotoxicity and no mutagenicity, indicating its "drug-like" potential. Compound 15 also demonstrated neuroprotection against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity as well as antioxidant and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity and regulated antioxidant and pro-inflammatory genes and NRF2 nuclear translocation. In rats, 15 showed satisfying pharmacokinetics, penetrated the blood-brain barrier, reversed MK-801-induced memory impairment, and exhibited anxiolytic-like properties. 15's neuroprotective and procognitive-like effects, stronger than those of the approved drug donepezil, may pave the way for the use of selenotriazines to inhibit both causes and symptoms in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Pyka
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Division
of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Doctoral
School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian
University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wawrzyniec Haberek
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Division
of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Doctoral
School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian
University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Szymanska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wesam Ali
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Division
of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Cios
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jastrzębska-Więsek
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Sabina Podlewska
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department
of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Italian
National Institute of Health (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Sotto
- Department
of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Chiara Lambona
- Department
of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza
University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marocco
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylwia Sudoł-Tałaj
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian
University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Department
of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department
of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department
of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Czarnota-Łydka
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian
University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Gogola
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian
University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Wilczyńska-Zawal
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Honkisz-Orzechowska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Starek
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Jagiellonian
University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Dąbrowska
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Jagiellonian
University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucwaj-Brysz
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department
of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza
University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Division
of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marius Hittinger
- Department
of Drug Discovery, Pharmbiotec gGmbH, Nußkopf 39, 66578 Schiffweiler, Germany
- Department
of Drug Delivery, Pharmbiotec gGmbH, Nußkopf 39, 66578 Schiffweiler, Germany
| | - Anna Partyka
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Wesołowska
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Division
of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza
University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department
of Drug Discovery, Pharmbiotec gGmbH, Nußkopf 39, 66578 Schiffweiler, Germany
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Terri M, Sandoval P, Bontempi G, Montaldo C, Tomero-Sanz H, de Turris V, Trionfetti F, Pascual-Antón L, Clares-Pedrero I, Battistelli C, Valente S, Zwergel C, Mai A, Rosanò L, Del Pozo MÁ, Sánchez-Álvarez M, Cabañas C, Tripodi M, López-Cabrera M, Strippoli R. HDAC1/2 control mesothelium/ovarian cancer adhesive interactions impacting on Talin-1-α5β1-integrin-mediated actin cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix protein remodeling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:27. [PMID: 38254102 PMCID: PMC10804625 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis, which accounts for 85% of all epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) metastases, is a multistep process that requires the establishment of adhesive interactions between cancer cells and the peritoneal membrane. Interrelations between EOC and the mesothelial stroma are critical to facilitate the metastatic process. No data is available so far on the impact of histone acetylation/deacetylation, a potentially relevant mechanism governing EOC metastasis, on mesothelial cells (MCs)-mediated adhesion. METHODS Static adhesion and peritoneal clearance experiments were performed pretreating mesenchymal-like MCs and platinum-sensitive/resistant EOC cell lines with MS-275-a Histone deacetylase (HDAC)1-3 pharmacological inhibitor currently used in combination trials. Results were acquired by confocal microscopy and were analyzed with an automated Opera software. The role of HDAC1/2 was validated by genetic silencing. The role of α4-, α5-α1 Integrins and Fibronectin-1 was validated using specific monoclonal antibodies. Quantitative proteomic analysis was performed on primary MCs pretreated with MS-275. Decellularized matrices were generated from either MS-275-exposed or untreated cells to study Fibronectin-1 extracellular secretion. The effect of MS-275 on β1 integrin activity was assessed using specific monoclonal antibodies. The role of Talin-1 in MCs/EOC adhesion was analyzed by genetic silencing. Talin-1 ectopic expression was validated as a rescue tool from MS-275-induced phenotype. The in vivo effect of MS-275-induced MC remodeling was validated in a mouse model of peritoneal EOC dissemination. RESULTS Treatment of MCs with non-cytotoxic concentrations of MS-275 caused a consistent reduction of EOC adhesion. Proteomic analysis revealed several pathways altered upon MC treatment with MS-275, including ECM deposition/remodeling, adhesion receptors and actin cytoskeleton regulators. HDAC1/2 inhibition hampered actin cytoskeleton polymerization by downregulating actin regulators including Talin-1, impairing β1 integrin activation, and leading to abnormal extracellular secretion and distribution of Fibronectin-1. Talin-1 ectopic expression rescued EOC adhesion to MS-275-treated MCs. In an experimental mouse model of metastatic EOC, MS-275 limited tumor invasion, Fibronectin-1 secretion and the sub-mesothelial accumulation of MC-derived carcinoma-associated fibroblasts. CONCLUSION Our study unveils a direct impact of HDAC-1/2 in the regulation of MC/EOC adhesion and highlights the regulation of MC plasticity by epigenetic inhibition as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in EOC peritoneal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Terri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Pilar Sandoval
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulio Bontempi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Montaldo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Henar Tomero-Sanz
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valeria de Turris
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Trionfetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucía Pascual-Antón
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Clares-Pedrero
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Miguel Ángel Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Lab, Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Álvarez
- Cell Compartmentalization, Homeostasis and Inflammation lab. Department of Metabolic and Immunity Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale", 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Cabañas
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Tissue and Organ Homeostasis Program, Cell-Cell Communication and Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy.
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Trionfetti F, Alonzi T, Bontempi G, Terri M, Battistelli C, Montaldo C, Repele F, Rotili D, Valente S, Zwergel C, Matusali G, Maggi F, Goletti D, Tripodi M, Mai A, Strippoli R. HDAC1-3 inhibition increases SARS-CoV-2 replication and productive infection in lung mesothelial and epithelial cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1257683. [PMID: 38162580 PMCID: PMC10757821 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1257683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the significant progress achieved in understanding the pathology and clinical management of SARS-CoV-2 infection, still pathogenic and clinical issues need to be clarified. Treatment with modulators of epigenetic targets, i.e., epidrugs, is a current therapeutic option in several cancers and could represent an approach in the therapy of viral diseases. Results Aim of this study was the analysis of the role of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition in the modulation of SARS-CoV-2 infection of mesothelial cells (MCs).MeT5A cells, a pleura MC line, were pre-treated with different specific class I and IIb HDAC inhibitors. Unexpectedly, treatment with HDAC1-3 inhibitors significantly increased ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression, suggesting a role in favoring SARS-CoV-2 infection. We focused our analysis on the most potent ACE2/TMPRSS2 inducer among the inhibitors analysed, MS-275, a HDAC1-3 inhibitor. ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression was validated by Western Blot (WB) and immunofluorescence. The involvement of HDAC inhibition in receptor induction was confirmed by HDAC1/HDAC2 silencing. In accordance to the ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression data, MS-275 increased SARS-CoV-2 replication and virus propagation in Vero E6 cells.Notably, MS-275 was able to increase ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 production, although to a lesser extent, also in the lung adenocarcinoma cell line Calu-3 cells.Mechanistically, treatment with MS-275 increased H3 and H4 histone acetylation at ACE2/TMPRSS2 promoters, increasing their transcription. Conclusion This study highlights a previously unrecognized effect of HDAC1-3 inhibition in increasing SARS-CoV-2 cell entry, replication and productive infection correlating with increased expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. These data, while adding basic insight into COVID-19 pathogenesis, warn for the use of HDAC inhibitors in SARS-CoV-2 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Trionfetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tonino Alonzi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Bontempi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Terri
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Montaldo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Repele
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Di Giacomo S, Di Sotto A, Percaccio E, Scuotto E, Battistelli C, Mazzanti G, Menniti-Ippolito F, Ippoliti I. Interaction of Garcinia cambogia (Gaertn.) Desr. and Drugs as a Possible Mechanism of Liver Injury: The Case of Montelukast. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1771. [PMID: 37760074 PMCID: PMC10525400 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity prevalence has increased worldwide. Apart from conventional approaches, people also resort to botanical supplements for reducing body weight, although several adverse events have been associated with these products. In this context, the present study aimed at evaluating the toxicity of Garcinia cambogia-based products and shedding light on the mechanisms involved. The suspected hepatotoxic reactions related to G. cambogia-containing products collected within the Italian Phytovigilance System (IPS) were examined. Then, an in vitro study was performed to evaluate the possible mechanisms responsible for the liver toxicity, focusing on the modulation of oxidative stress and Nrf2 expression. From March 2002 to March 2022, the IPS collected eight reports of hepatic adverse reactions related to G. cambogia, which exclusively involved women and were mostly severe. The causality assessment was probable in three cases, while it was possible in five. In the in vitro experiments, a low cytotoxicity of G. cambogia was observed. However, its combination with montelukast greatly reduced cell viability, increased the intracellular ROS levels, and affected the cytoplasmic Nrf2 expression, thus suggesting an impairment of the antioxidant and cytoprotective defenses. Overall, our results support the safety concerns about G. cambogia-containing supplements and shed light on the possible mechanisms underpinning its hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Ester Percaccio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Erica Scuotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gabriela Mazzanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Francesca Menniti-Ippolito
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.-I.); (I.I.)
| | - Ilaria Ippoliti
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.-I.); (I.I.)
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5
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Zwergel C, Aventaggiato M, Garbo S, Di Bello E, Fassari B, Noce B, Castiello C, Lambona C, Barreca F, Rotili D, Fioravanti R, Schmalz T, Weyand M, Niedermeier A, Tripodi M, Colotti G, Steegborn C, Battistelli C, Tafani M, Valente S, Mai A. Novel 1,4-Dihydropyridines as Specific Binders and Activators of SIRT3 Impair Cell Viability and Clonogenicity and Downregulate Hypoxia-Induced Targets in Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37439550 PMCID: PMC10388363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial SIRT3 modulates several biological pathways such as cancer, metabolism, and hypoxia-related diseases. Recently, we discovered new 1,4-dihydropyridines, compounds 2 and 3, the latter being a SIRT3-specific activator. In the present work, a novel 2- and 3-related small series of compounds have been developed, with 3c displaying the strongest SIRT3 binding and activation, with a KD of 29 μM and 387% of enzyme activation. Differently, 3d was the best in enhancing glutamate dehydrogenase activity and deacetylating K68- and K122-acMnSOD in triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Tested in CAL-62 thyroid cancer and MDA-MB-231 cells, 3d displayed the strongest time- and dose-dependent reduction of cell viability and clonogenicity at a single-digit micromolar level, along with cell death, in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. Moreover, 3d downregulated not only hypoxia-induced factors, such as HIF-1α, EPAS-1, and CA-IX, but also epithelial-mesenchymal transition master regulators and extracellular matrix components such as SNAIL1, ZEB1, SLUG, COL1A2, MMP2, and MMP9, markedly hampering MDA-MB-231 cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Aventaggiato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Department of Excellence 2023-2027", Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Department of Excellence 2023-2027", Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Bello
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Fassari
- Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via Campo di Pile snc, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Beatrice Noce
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carola Castiello
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Lambona
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Barreca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Department of Excellence 2023-2027", Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Schmalz
- Dept. Organic Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Weyand
- Dept. Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Amelie Niedermeier
- Dept. Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Department of Excellence 2023-2027", Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council, Piazzale A.Moro 5, 20, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- Dept. Organic Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Department of Excellence 2023-2027", Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tafani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Department of Excellence 2023-2027", Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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6
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Ippolito F, Consalvi V, Noce V, Battistelli C, Cicchini C, Tripodi M, Amicone L, Marchetti A. Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase 5 (ERK5) is required for the Yes-associated protein (YAP) co-transcriptional activity. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:32. [PMID: 36650140 PMCID: PMC9845357 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
YES-associated protein (YAP) is a transcriptional cofactor with a key role in the regulation of several physio-pathological cellular processes, by integrating multiple cell autonomous and microenvironmental cues. YAP is the main downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, a tumor-suppressive signaling able to transduce several extracellular signals. The Hippo pathway acts restraining YAP activity, since its activation induces YAP phosphorylation and cytoplasmic sequestration. However, recent observations indicate that YAP activity can be also modulated by Hippo independent/integrating pathways, still largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5)/mitogen-activated protein kinase in the regulation of YAP activity. By means of ERK5 inhibition/silencing and overexpression experiments, and by using as model liver stem cells, hepatocytes, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, we provided evidence that ERK5 is required for YAP-dependent gene expression. Mechanistically, ERK5 controls the recruitment of YAP on promoters of target genes and its physical interaction with the transcriptional partner TEAD; moreover, it mediates the YAP activation occurring in cell adhesion, migration, and TGFβ-induced EMT of liver cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ERK5 signaling modulates YAP activity in a LATS1/2-independent manner. Therefore, our observations identify ERK5 as a novel upstream Hippo-independent regulator of YAP activity, thus unveiling a new target for therapeutic approaches aimed at interfering with its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ippolito
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Consalvi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Noce
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carla Cicchini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Amicone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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7
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Garbo S, Di Giacomo S, Łażewska D, Honkisz-Orzechowska E, Di Sotto A, Fioravanti R, Zwergel C, Battistelli C. Selenium-Containing Agents Acting on Cancer-A New Hope? Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010104. [PMID: 36678733 PMCID: PMC9860877 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium-containing agents are more and more considered as an innovative potential treatment option for cancer. Light is shed not only on the considerable advancements made in understanding the complex biology and chemistry related to selenium-containing small molecules but also on Se-nanoparticles. Numerous Se-containing agents have been widely investigated in recent years in cancer therapy in relation to tumour development and dissemination, drug delivery, multidrug resistance (MDR) and immune system-related (anti)cancer effects. Despite numerous efforts, Se-agents apart from selenocysteine and selenomethionine have not yet reached clinical trials for cancer therapy. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise critical overview of the current state of the art in the development of highly potent target-specific Se-containing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Garbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Honkisz-Orzechowska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (C.B.)
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8
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Bontempi G, Terri M, Garbo S, Montaldo C, Mariotti D, Bordoni V, Valente S, Zwergel C, Mai A, Marchetti A, Domenici A, Menè P, Battistelli C, Tripodi M, Strippoli R. Restoration of WT1/miR-769-5p axis by HDAC1 inhibition promotes MMT reversal in mesenchymal-like mesothelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:965. [PMID: 36396626 PMCID: PMC9672101 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Histone acetylation/deacetylation play an essential role in modifying chromatin structure and in regulating cell plasticity in eukaryotic cells. Therefore, histone deacetylase (HDAC) pharmacological inhibitors are promising tools in the therapy of fibrotic diseases and in cancer. Peritoneal fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by many cellular and molecular alterations, including the acquisition of invasive/pro-fibrotic abilities by mesothelial cells (MCs) through induction of mesothelial to mesenchymal transition (MMT). The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanism of the antifibrotic role of HDAC1 inhibition. Specifically, treatment with MS-275, an HDAC1-3 inhibitor previously known to promote MMT reversal, induced the expression of several TGFBRI mRNA-targeting miRNAs. Among them, miR-769-5p ectopic expression was sufficient to promote MMT reversal and to limit MC migration and invasion, whereas miR-769-5p silencing further enhanced mesenchymal gene expression. These results were confirmed by HDAC1 genetic silencing. Interestingly, miR-769-5p silencing maintained mesenchymal features despite HDAC1 inhibition, thus indicating that it is necessary to drive MMT reversal induced by HDAC1 inhibition. Besides TGFBRI, miR-769-5p was demonstrated to target SMAD2/3 and PAI-1 expression directly. When analyzing molecular mechanisms underlying miR-769-5p expression, we found that the transcription factor Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1), a master gene controlling MC development, binds to the miR-769-5p promoter favoring its expression. Interestingly, both WT1 expression and binding to miR-769-5p promoter were increased by HDAC1 inhibition and attenuated by TGFβ1 treatment. Finally, we explored the significance of these observations in the cell-to-cell communication: we evaluated the ability of miR-769-5p to be loaded into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and to promote MMT reversal in recipient mesenchymal-like MCs. Treatment of fibrotic MCs with EVs isolated from miR-769-5p over-expressing MCs promoted the down-regulation of specific mesenchymal targets and the reacquisition of an epithelial-like morphology. In conclusion, we highlighted an HDAC1-WT1-miR-769-5p axis potentially relevant for therapies aimed at counteracting organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Bontempi
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy ,grid.419423.90000 0004 1760 4142Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Michela Terri
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy ,grid.419423.90000 0004 1760 4142Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Montaldo
- grid.419423.90000 0004 1760 4142Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Davide Mariotti
- grid.419423.90000 0004 1760 4142Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- grid.419423.90000 0004 1760 4142Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marchetti
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Domenici
- grid.7841.aRenal Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Menè
- grid.7841.aRenal Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy ,grid.419423.90000 0004 1760 4142Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy ,grid.419423.90000 0004 1760 4142Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149 Italy
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9
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Battistelli C, Garbo S, Maione R. MyoD-Induced Trans-Differentiation: A Paradigm for Dissecting the Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Commitment, Differentiation and Reprogramming. Cells 2022; 11:3435. [PMID: 36359831 PMCID: PMC9654159 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the skeletal muscle-specific transcription factor MyoD represents a milestone in the field of transcriptional regulation during differentiation and cell-fate reprogramming. MyoD was the first tissue-specific factor found capable of converting non-muscle somatic cells into skeletal muscle cells. A unique feature of MyoD, with respect to other lineage-specific factors able to drive trans-differentiation processes, is its ability to dramatically change the cell fate even when expressed alone. The present review will outline the molecular strategies by which MyoD reprograms the transcriptional regulation of the cell of origin during the myogenic conversion, focusing on the activation and coordination of a complex network of co-factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Some molecular roadblocks, found to restrain MyoD-dependent trans-differentiation, and the possible ways for overcoming these barriers, will also be discussed. Indeed, they are of critical importance not only to expand our knowledge of basic muscle biology but also to improve the generation skeletal muscle cells for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rossella Maione
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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10
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Sabato C, Noviello TMR, Covre A, Coral S, Caruso FP, Besharat ZM, Splendiani E, Masuelli L, Battistelli C, Vacca A, Catanzaro G, Po A, Anichini A, Maio M, Ceccarelli M, Di Giacomo AM, Ferretti E. A novel microRNA signature for the detection of melanoma by liquid biopsy. Lab Invest 2022; 20:469. [PMID: 36243798 PMCID: PMC9571479 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and metastatic disease is associated with a significant survival rate drop. There is an urgent need for consistent tumor biomarkers to scale precision medicine and reduce cancer mortality. Here, we aimed to identify a melanoma-specific circulating microRNA signature and assess its value as a diagnostic tool. METHODS The study consisted of a discovery phase and two validation phases. Circulating plasma extracellular vesicles (pEV) associated microRNA profiles were obtained from a discovery cohort of metastatic melanoma patients and normal subjects as controls. A pEV-microRNA signature was obtained using a LASSO penalized logistic regression model. The pEV-microRNA signature was subsequently validated both in a publicly available dataset and in an independent internal cohort. RESULTS We identified and validated in three independent cohorts a panel of melanoma-specific circulating microRNAs that showed high accuracy in differentiating melanoma patients from healthy subjects with an area under the curve (AUC) of 1.00, 0.94 and 0.75 respectively. Investigation of the function of the pEV-microRNA signature evidenced their possible immune suppressive role in melanoma patients. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that a blood test based on circulating microRNAs can non-invasively detect melanoma, offering a novel diagnostic tool for improving standard care. Moreover, we revealed an immune suppressive role for melanoma pEV-microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sabato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Maria Rosaria Noviello
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Covre
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Coral
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.,Epigen Therapeutics s.r.l., 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Pia Caruso
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elena Splendiani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Vacca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Agnese Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Anichini
- Human Tumor Immunobiology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, ENETS Center of Excellence, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Maio
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Ceccarelli
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Di Giacomo
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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11
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Zwergel C, Schnekenburger M, Sarno F, Battistelli C, Manara MC, Stazi G, Mazzone R, Fioravanti R, Gros C, Ausseil F, Florean C, Nebbioso A, Strippoli R, Ushijima T, Scotlandi K, Tripodi M, Arimondo PB, Altucci L, Diederich M, Mai A, Valente S. Correction: Identification of a novel quinoline-based DNA demethylating compound highly potent in cancer cells. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:119. [PMID: 36171618 PMCID: PMC9520938 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Schnekenburger
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Federica Sarno
- Department of Medicine of Precision, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Stazi
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzone
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Christina Gros
- Center for High-Throughput Chemical Biology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Frédéric Ausseil
- Pierre Fabre Laboratories, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien, 31100, Toulouse, France
| | - Cristina Florean
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Medicine of Precision, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Toshikazu Ushijima
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy.,Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola B Arimondo
- Epigenetic Chemical Biology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3523, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Medicine of Precision, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826, Korea
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert central pathophysiological roles through the regulation of gene expression both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The characterization of lncRNAs’ interactome is disclosing several new mechanisms that control disease onset and progression thus opening the way to the development of new pioneering therapeutic approaches. Regarding the lncRNA HOTAIR, found upregulated in several cancers and in liver fibrosis, it has been proved as a potential therapeutic target. HOTAIR acts as a ceRNA for several miRNAs and it directly interacts with chromatin remodelling complexes (e.g. PRC2 and LSD1/NuRD complexes). In this regard, we recently reported the transcription factor SNAIL-mediated recruitment of HOTAIR/PRC2 complex on specific chromatin sites causing epithelial genes’ repression through epigenetic chromatin modifications. Conversely, HOTAIR is repressed by the liver-enriched transcriptional factor HNF4a that binds to both HOTAIR promoter and distant enhancer and impairs the formation of a chromatin loop between these genomic regions. In a therapeutic perspective, we design and validated the first example of a dominant negative lncRNA molecule (HOTAIR-sbid) that covers the HOTAIR portion involved in the interaction with SNAIL while is devoid of the domain of interaction with EZH2. Functionally, HOTAIR-sbid expression impairs SNAIL/EZH2/endogenous HOTAIR interaction; thus, PRC2 complex is not recruited on SNAIL-target chromatin sites (i.e. epithelial genes’ promoters). Accordingly, the cells rescue an epithelial phenotype, reduce EMT and, in turn, migratory, invasive and anchorage independent growth abilities. This approach promises high level of specificity and limited off-target effects. Future investigations should enhance RNAs’ stability and should design strategies for the delivery of these molecules to specific target cells.
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13
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Battistelli C, Diederich M, Keane TJ, Sandoval P, Valente S, Strippoli R. Editorial: Molecular mechanisms and new therapeutic targets in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis, volume II. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1008955. [PMID: 36147320 PMCID: PMC9486537 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1008955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Pilar Sandoval
- Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Raffaele Strippoli,
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Riccioni V, Trionfetti F, Montaldo C, Garbo S, Marocco F, Battistelli C, Marchetti A, Strippoli R, Amicone L, Cicchini C, Tripodi M. SYNCRIP Modulates the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hepatocytes and HCC Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020913. [PMID: 35055098 PMCID: PMC8780347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) control gene expression by acting at multiple levels and are often deregulated in epithelial tumors; however, their roles in the fine regulation of cellular reprogramming, specifically in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), remain largely unknown. Here, we focused on the hnRNP-Q (also known as SYNCRIP), showing by molecular analysis that in hepatocytes it acts as a “mesenchymal” gene, being induced by TGFβ and modulating the EMT. SYNCRIP silencing limits the induction of the mesenchymal program and maintains the epithelial phenotype. Notably, in HCC invasive cells, SYNCRIP knockdown induces a mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET), negatively regulating their mesenchymal phenotype and significantly impairing their migratory capacity. In exploring possible molecular mechanisms underlying these observations, we identified a set of miRNAs (i.e., miR-181-a1-3p, miR-181-b1-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-200a-5p, and miR-let7g-5p), previously shown to exert pro- or anti-EMT activities, significantly impacted by SYNCRIP interference during EMT/MET dynamics and gathered insights, suggesting the possible involvement of this RNA binding protein in their transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Riccioni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Flavia Trionfetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudia Montaldo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Francesco Marocco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Alessandra Marchetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Laura Amicone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Carla Cicchini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (F.T.); (S.G.); (F.M.); (C.B.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (L.A.)
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (M.T.)
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15
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Montaldo C, Terri M, Riccioni V, Battistelli C, Bordoni V, D'Offizi G, Prado MG, Trionfetti F, Vescovo T, Tartaglia E, Strippoli R, Agrati C, Tripodi M. Fibrogenic signals persist in DAA-treated HCV patients after sustained virological response. J Hepatol 2021; 75:1301-1311. [PMID: 34271004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with HCV who achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) on direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy still need to be monitored for signs of liver disease progression. To this end, the identification of both disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets is necessary. METHODS Extracellular vesicles (EVs) purified from plasma of 15 healthy donors (HDs), and 16 HCV-infected patients before (T0) and after (T6) DAA treatment were utilized for functional and miRNA cargo analysis. EVs purified from plasma of 17 HDs and 23 HCV-infected patients (T0 and T6) were employed for proteomic and western blot analyses. Functional analysis in LX2 cells measured fibrotic markers (mRNAs and proteins) in response to EVs. Structural analysis was performed by qPCR, label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and western blot. RESULTS On the basis of observations indicating functional differences (i.e. modulation of FN-1, ACTA2, Smad2/3 phosphorylation, collagen deposition) of plasma-derived EVs from HDs, T0 and T6, we performed structural analysis of EVs. We found consistent differences in terms of both miRNA and protein cargos: (i) antifibrogenic miR204-5p, miR181a-5p, miR143-3p, miR93-5p and miR122-5p were statistically underrepresented in T0 EVs compared to HD EVs, while miR204-5p and miR143-3p were statistically underrepresented in T6 EVs compared to HD EVs (p <0.05); (ii) proteomic analysis highlighted, in both T0 and T6, the modulation of several proteins with respect to HDs; among them, the fibrogenic protein DIAPH1 was upregulated (Log2 fold change of 4.4). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results highlight structural EV modifications that are conceivably causal for long-term liver disease progression in patients with HCV despite DAA-mediated SVR. LAY SUMMARY Direct-acting antivirals lead to virological cure in the majority of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. However, the risk of liver disease progression or complications in patients with fibrosis and cirrhosis remains in some patients even after virological cure. Herein, we show that extracellular vesicle modifications could be linked to long-term liver disease progression in patients who have achieved virological cure; these modifications could potentially be used as biomarkers or treatment targets in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Montaldo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy
| | - Michela Terri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy; Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Riccioni
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy
| | | | - Maria Giulia Prado
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Trionfetti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy; Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vescovo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Strippoli
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy; Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Italy; Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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16
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Battistelli C, Cordani M, Diederich M, Somoza Á, Valente S, Strippoli R. Editorial: New Approaches to Tackle EMT and Fibrosis: From Epigenetics to Nanotechnology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:742777. [PMID: 34421627 PMCID: PMC8378211 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.742777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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17
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Garbo S, Zwergel C, Battistelli C. m6A RNA methylation and beyond - The epigenetic machinery and potential treatment options. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2559-2574. [PMID: 34126238 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
m6A is emerging as one of the most important RNA modifications because of its involvement in pathological and physiological events. Here, we provide an overview of this epitranscriptomic modification, beginning with a description of the molecular players involved and continuing with a focus on the role of m6A in the maintenance of stemness, induction of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumor progression. Finally, we discuss the state of the art regarding the design and validation of inhibitors of m6A writers or erasers to provide a background for future investigations and for the development of specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Garbo
- Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; Oncohaematology Department, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Garbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00165, Italy.,Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome 00165, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00165, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome 00149, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00165, Italy
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19
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Ntie-Kang F, Karaman Mayack B, Valente S, Battistelli C. Editorial: Natural Product Epigenetic Modulators and Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:651395. [PMID: 33746763 PMCID: PMC7969797 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.651395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Botany, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Berin Karaman Mayack
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul University Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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20
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Veneziani I, Infante P, Ferretti E, Melaiu O, Battistelli C, Lucarini V, Compagnone M, Nicoletti C, Castellano A, Petrini S, Ognibene M, Pezzolo A, Di Marcotullio L, Bei R, Moretta L, Pistoia V, Fruci D, Barnaba V, Locatelli F, Cifaldi L. Nutlin-3a Enhances Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Killing of Neuroblastoma by Restoring p53-Dependent Expression of Ligands for NKG2D and DNAM-1 Receptors. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:170-183. [PMID: 33303573 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we explored whether Nutlin-3a, a well-known, nontoxic small-molecule compound antagonizing the inhibitory interaction of MDM2 with the tumor suppressor p53, may restore ligands for natural killer (NK) cell-activating receptors (NK-AR) on neuroblastoma cells to enhance the NK cell-mediated killing. Neuroblastoma cell lines were treated with Nutlin-3a, and the expression of ligands for NKG2D and DNAM-1 NK-ARs and the neuroblastoma susceptibility to NK cells were evaluated. Adoptive transfer of human NK cells in a xenograft neuroblastoma-bearing NSG murine model was assessed. Two data sets of neuroblastoma patients were explored to correlate p53 expression with ligand expression. Luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of p53 functional binding on PVR promoter were performed. Primary neuroblastoma cells were also treated with Nutlin-3a, and neuroblastoma spheroids obtained from one high-risk patient were assayed for NK-cell cytotoxicity. We provide evidence showing that the Nutlin-3a-dependent rescue of p53 function in neuroblastoma cells resulted in (i) increased surface expression of ligands for NK-ARs, thus rendering neuroblastoma cell lines significantly more susceptible to NK cell-mediated killing; (ii) shrinkage of human neuroblastoma tumor masses that correlated with overall survival upon adoptive transfer of NK cells in neuroblastoma-bearing mice; (iii) and increased expression of ligands in primary neuroblastoma cells and boosting of NK cell-mediated disaggregation of neuroblastoma spheroids. We also found that p53 was a direct transcription factor regulating the expression of PVR ligand recognized by DNAM-1. Our findings demonstrated an immunomodulatory role of Nutlin-3a, which might be prospectively used for a novel NK cell-based immunotherapy for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Veneziani
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Infante
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Ombretta Melaiu
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucarini
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Compagnone
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Nicoletti
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy, Core Facility, Research Laboratories, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Ognibene
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali Post Natali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pezzolo
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali Post Natali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Department of Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Doriana Fruci
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Unit, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche, Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cifaldi
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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21
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Battistelli C, Garbo S, Riccioni V, Montaldo C, Santangelo L, Vandelli A, Strippoli R, Tartaglia GG, Tripodi M, Cicchini C. Design and Functional Validation of a Mutant Variant of the LncRNA HOTAIR to Counteract Snail Function in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Cancer Res 2021; 81:103-113. [PMID: 33158813 PMCID: PMC7611326 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
HOTAIR is a lncRNA overexpressed in several epithelial cancers and strongly correlated with invasion. This lncRNA was proven a pivotal element of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a transdifferentiation process triggering metastasis. Snail, master inducer of EMT, requires HOTAIR to recruit EZH2 on specific epithelial target genes (i.e., HNF4α, E-cadherin, and HNF1α) and cause their repression. Here, we designed a HOTAIR deletion mutant form, named HOTAIR-sbid, including the putative Snail-binding domain but depleted of the EZH2-binding domain. HOTAIR-sbid acted as a dominant negative of the endogenous HOTAIR. In both murine and human tumor cells, HOTAIR-sbid impaired the ability of HOTAIR to bind Snail and, in turn, trigger H3K27me3/EZH2-mediated repression of Snail epithelial target genes. Notably, HOTAIR-sbid expression was proven to reduce cellular motility, invasiveness, anchorage-independent growth, and responsiveness to TGFβ-induced EMT. These data provide evidence on a lncRNA-based strategy to effectively impair the function of a master EMT-transcriptional factor. SIGNIFICANCE: This study defines an innovative RNA-based strategy to interfere with a pivotal function of the tumor-related lncRNA HOTAIR, comprising a dominant negative mutant that was computationally designed and that impairs epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Riccioni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Montaldo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Santangelo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Vandelli
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Systems Biology of Infection Lab, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Cicchini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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22
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Ali W, Benedetti R, Handzlik J, Zwergel C, Battistelli C. The innovative potential of selenium-containing agents for fighting cancer and viral infections. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:256-263. [PMID: 33164821 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Selenium-containing compounds have emerged as a potentially promising treatment for viral infections and tumor development and dissemination. Selenium per se is often considered as a toxic element with little or no beneficial effects, but considerable advances have been made in the understanding of the complex biology, chemistry and drug delivery of this element, especially when it is included in bioactive molecules. Here, we summarize and critically discuss recent findings in the field of selenium-based applications for the treatment of cancer and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Ali
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland; Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Rosaria Benedetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Strippoli R, Sandoval P, Moreno-Vicente R, Rossi L, Battistelli C, Terri M, Pascual-Antón L, Loureiro M, Matteini F, Calvo E, Jiménez-Heffernan JA, Gómez MJ, Jiménez-Jiménez V, Sánchez-Cabo F, Vázquez J, Tripodi M, López-Cabrera M, Del Pozo MÁ. Caveolin1 and YAP drive mechanically induced mesothelial to mesenchymal transition and fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:647. [PMID: 32811813 PMCID: PMC7435273 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite their emerging relevance to fully understand disease pathogenesis, we have as yet a poor understanding as to how biomechanical signals are integrated with specific biochemical pathways to determine cell behaviour. Mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) markers colocalized with TGF-β1-dependent signaling and yes-associated protein (YAP) activation across biopsies from different pathologies exhibiting peritoneal fibrosis, supporting mechanotransduction as a central driving component of these class of fibrotic lesions and its crosstalk with specific signaling pathways. Transcriptome and proteome profiling of the response of mesothelial cells (MCs) to linear cyclic stretch revealed molecular changes compatible with bona fide MMT, which (i) overlapped with established YAP target gene subsets, and were largely dependent on endogenous TGF-β1 signaling. Importantly, TGF-β1 blockade blunts the transcriptional upregulation of these gene signatures, but not the mechanical activation and nuclear translocation of YAP per se. We studied the role therein of caveolin-1 (CAV1), a plasma membrane mechanotransducer. Exposure of CAV1-deficient MCs to cyclic stretch led to a robust upregulation of MMT-related gene programs, which was blunted upon TGF-β1 inhibition. Conversely, CAV1 depletion enhanced both TGF-β1 and TGFBRI expression, whereas its re-expression blunted mechanical stretching-induced MMT. CAV1 genetic deficiency exacerbated MMT and adhesion formation in an experimental murine model of peritoneal ischaemic buttons. Taken together, these results support that CAV1-YAP/TAZ fine-tune the fibrotic response through the modulation of MMT, onto which TGF-β1-dependent signaling coordinately converges. Our findings reveal a cooperation between biomechanical and biochemical signals in the triggering of MMT, representing a novel potential opportunity to intervene mechanically induced disorders coursing with peritoneal fibrosis, such as post-surgical adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy. .,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy. .,Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar Sandoval
- Programa de Homeostasis de Tejidos y Organos, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa"-CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Moreno-Vicente
- Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Terri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucía Pascual-Antón
- Programa de Homeostasis de Tejidos y Organos, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa"-CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Loureiro
- Cardiovascular Proteomics laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) and CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Matteini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Cardiovascular Proteomics laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) and CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Jiménez-Heffernan
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel José Gómez
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Jiménez-Jiménez
- Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) and CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Programa de Homeostasis de Tejidos y Organos, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa"-CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Ali W, Spengler G, Kincses A, Nové M, Battistelli C, Latacz G, Starek M, Dąbrowska M, Honkisz-Orzechowska E, Romanelli A, Rasile MM, Szymańska E, Jacob C, Zwergel C, Handzlik J. Discovery of phenylselenoether-hydantoin hybrids as ABCB1 efflux pump modulating agents with cytotoxic and antiproliferative actions in resistant T-lymphoma. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Romanelli A, Stazi G, Fioravanti R, Zwergel C, Di Bello E, Pomella S, Perrone C, Battistelli C, Strippoli R, Tripodi M, del Bufalo D, Rota R, Trisciuoglio D, Mai A, Valente S. Design of First-in-Class Dual EZH2/HDAC Inhibitor: Biochemical Activity and Biological Evaluation in Cancer Cells. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:977-983. [PMID: 32435414 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the histone modifying enzymes EZH2 and HDACs control a number of epigenetic-dependent carcinogenic pathways, we designed the first-in-class dual EZH2/HDAC inhibitor 5 displaying (sub)micromolar inhibition against both targets. When tested in several cancer cell lines, the hybrid 5 impaired cell viability at low micromolar level and in leukemia U937 and rhabdomyosarcoma RH4 cells provided G1 arrest, apoptotic induction, and increased differentiation, associated with an increase of acetyl-H3 and acetyl-α-tubulin and a decrease of H3K27me3 levels. In glioblastoma U87 cells, 5 hampered epithelial to mesenchymal transition by increasing the E-cadherin expression, thus proposing itself as a useful candidate for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Romanelli
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Stazi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine of Precision, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Bello
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Perrone
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Viale Regina Elena 291,295, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Trisciuoglio
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Viale Regina Elena 291,295, 00100 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Via Degli Apuli 4, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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26
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Zwergel C, Fioravanti R, Stazi G, Sarno F, Battistelli C, Romanelli A, Nebbioso A, Mendes E, Paulo A, Strippoli R, Tripodi M, Pechalrieu D, Arimondo PB, De Luca T, Del Bufalo D, Trisciuoglio D, Altucci L, Valente S, Mai A. Novel Quinoline Compounds Active in Cancer Cells through Coupled DNA Methyltransferase Inhibition and Degradation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E447. [PMID: 32075099 PMCID: PMC7073229 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) play a relevant role in epigenetic control of cancer cell survival and proliferation. Since only two DNMT inhibitors (azacitidine and decitabine) have been approved to date for the treatment of hematological malignancies, the development of novel potent and specific inhibitors is urgent. Here we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a new series of compounds acting at the same time as DNMTs (mainly DNMT3A) inhibitors and degraders. Tested against leukemic and solid cancer cell lines, 2a-c and 4a-c (the last only for leukemias) displayed up to submicromolar antiproliferative activities. In HCT116 cells, such compounds induced EGFP gene expression in a promoter demethylation assay, confirming their demethylating activity in cells. In the same cell line, 2b and 4c chosen as representative samples induced DNMT1 and -3A protein degradation, suggesting for these compounds a double mechanism of DNMT3A inhibition and DNMT protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.Z.); (R.F.); (G.S.); (A.R.)
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (A.N.); (L.A.)
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.Z.); (R.F.); (G.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Giulia Stazi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.Z.); (R.F.); (G.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Federica Sarno
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (A.N.); (L.A.)
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Annalisa Romanelli
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.Z.); (R.F.); (G.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (A.N.); (L.A.)
| | - Eduarda Mendes
- Research Institute for Medicines, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649 003 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexandra Paulo
- Research Institute for Medicines, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649 003 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.S.); (M.T.)
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.S.); (M.T.)
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur- Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Dany Pechalrieu
- ETaC CNRS FRE3600, LMBE, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France; (D.P.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Paola B. Arimondo
- ETaC CNRS FRE3600, LMBE, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France; (D.P.); (P.B.A.)
- Epigenetic Chemical Biology, Institute Pasteur, CNRS UMR3523, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Teresa De Luca
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (T.D.L.); (D.D.B.)
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (T.D.L.); (D.D.B.)
| | - Daniela Trisciuoglio
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (T.D.L.); (D.D.B.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Via Degli Apuli 4, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (A.N.); (L.A.)
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.Z.); (R.F.); (G.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.Z.); (R.F.); (G.S.); (A.R.)
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Battistelli C, Diederich M, Keane TJ, Sandoval P, Valente S, Strippoli R. Editorial: Molecular Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Targets in Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1556. [PMID: 32009960 PMCID: PMC6976527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Pilar Sandoval
- Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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28
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Bisceglia F, Battistelli C, Noce V, Montaldo C, Zammataro A, Strippoli R, Tripodi M, Amicone L, Marchetti A. TGFβ Impairs HNF1α Functional Activity in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Interfering With the Recruitment of CBP/p300 Acetyltransferases. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:942. [PMID: 31543815 PMCID: PMC6728925 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) plays a crucial role in the induction of both epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program and fibro-cirrhotic process in the liver, where it contributes also to organ inflammation following several chronic injuries. All these pathological situations greatly increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and contribute to tumor progression. In particular, late-stage HCCs are characterized by constitutive activation of TGFβ pathway and by an EMT molecular signature leading to the acquisition of invasive and metastatic properties. In these pathological conditions, the cytokine has been shown to induce the transcriptional downregulation of HNF1α, a master regulator of the epithelial/hepatocyte differentiation and of the EMT reverse process, the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). Therefore, the restoration of HNF1α expression/activity has been proposed as targeted therapeutic strategy for liver fibro-cirrhosis and late-stage HCCs. In this study, TGFβ is found to trigger an early functional inactivation of HNF1α during EMT process that anticipates the effects of the transcriptional downregulation of its own gene. Mechanistically, the cytokine, while not affecting the HNF1α DNA-binding capacity, impaired its ability to recruit CBP/p300 acetyltransferases on target gene promoters and, consequently, its transactivating function. The loss of HNF1α capacity to bind to CBP/p300 and HNF1α functional inactivation have been found to correlate with a change of its posttranslational modification profile. Collectively, the results obtained in this work unveil a new level of HNF1α functional inactivation by TGFβ and contribute to shed light on the early events triggering EMT in hepatocytes. Moreover, these data suggest that the use of HNF1α as anti-EMT tool in a TGFβ-containing microenvironment may require the design of new therapeutic strategies overcoming the TGFβ-induced HNF1α inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bisceglia
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Noce
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Montaldo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Agatino Zammataro
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Amicone
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marchetti
- Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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29
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Magistri P, Battistelli C, Toietta G, Strippoli R, Sagnotta A, Forgione A, Di Benedetto F, Uccini S, Vittorioso P, D'Angelo F, Aurello P, Ramacciato G, Nigri G. In vivo Bioluminescence-Based Monitoring of Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer: An Experimental Model. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2019; 7:136-140. [PMID: 31548925 PMCID: PMC6753694 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_51_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In this study we aimed to develop a new in vivo bioluminescence-based tool to monitor and to quantify colon cancer (CC) liver metastasis development. Methods: HCT 116 cells were transducted with pLenti6/V5-DEST-fLuc for constitutive expression of firefly luciferase. Infection was monitored analyzing endogenous bioluminescence using the IVIS Lumina II In vivo Imaging System and a positive clone constitutively expressing luciferase (HCT 116-fLuc) was isolated. HCT 116-fLuc cells were left untreated or treated with 1 μM GDC-0449, a Hedgehog pharmacological inhibitor. Moreover, 1 x 106 HCT 116-fLuc cells were implanted via intra-splenic injection in nude mice. Bioluminescence was analyzed in these mice every 7 days for 5 weeks. After that, mice were sacrificed and bioluminescence was analyzed on explanted livers. Results: We found that in vitro bioluminescence signal was significantly reduced when HCT 116-fLuc cells were treated with GDC-0449. Regarding in vivo data, bioluminescence sources consistent with hepatic anatomical localization were detected after 21 days from HCT 116-fLuc intrasplenic injection and progressively increased until the sacrifice. The presence of liver metastasis was further confirmed by ex-vivo bioluminescence analysis of explanted livers. Conclusions: Our in vitro results suggest that inhibition of Hedgehog pathway may hamper CC cell proliferation and impel for further studies. Regarding in vivo data, we set-up a strategy for liver metastasis visualization, that may allow follow-up and quantification of the entire metastatic process. This cost-effective technique would reduce experimental variability, as well as the number of sacrificed animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Magistri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Molecular Genetics Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation - Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Molecular Genetics Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sagnotta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Forgione
- Advanced International Mini-invasive Surgery (AIMS) Academy, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Di Benedetto
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Uccini
- Department of Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Vittorioso
- Pasteur Institute Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Angelo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Aurello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ramacciato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nigri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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30
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Zwergel C, Schnekenburger M, Sarno F, Battistelli C, Manara MC, Stazi G, Mazzone R, Fioravanti R, Gros C, Ausseil F, Florean C, Nebbioso A, Strippoli R, Ushijima T, Scotlandi K, Tripodi M, Arimondo PB, Altucci L, Diederich M, Mai A, Valente S. Identification of a novel quinoline-based DNA demethylating compound highly potent in cancer cells. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:68. [PMID: 31060628 PMCID: PMC6501426 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are epigenetic enzymes involved in embryonic development, cell differentiation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and control of gene expression, whose overexpression or enhanced catalytic activity has been widely reported in cancer initiation and progression. To date, two DNMT inhibitors (DNMTi), 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) and 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (DAC), are approved for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Nevertheless, they are chemically instable and quite toxic for healthy cells; thus, the discovery of novel DNMTi is urgent. Results Here, we report the identification of a new quinoline-based molecule, MC3353, as a non-nucleoside inhibitor and downregulator of DNMT. This compound was able, in promoter demethylating assays, to induce enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene expression in HCT116 cells and transcription in a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-driven luciferase reporter system in KG-1 cells. Moreover, MC3353 displayed a strong antiproliferative activity when tested on HCT116 colon cancer cells after 48 h of treatment at 0.5 μM. At higher doses, this compound provided a cytotoxic effect in double DNMT knockout HCT116 cells. MC3353 was also screened on a different panel of cancer cells (KG-1 and U-937 acute myeloid leukemia, RAJI Burkitt’s lymphoma, PC-3 prostate cancer, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer), where it arrested cell proliferation and reduced viability after 48 h of treatment with IC50 values ranging from 0.3 to 0.9 μM. Compared to healthy cell models, MC3353 induced apoptosis (e.g., U-937 and KG-1 cells) or necrosis (e.g., RAJI cells) at lower concentrations. Importantly, together with the main DNMT3A enzyme inhibition, MC3353 was also able to downregulate the DNMT3A protein level in selected HCT116 and PC-3 cell lines. Additionally, this compound provided impairment of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by inducing E-cadherin while reducing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP2) mRNA and protein levels in PC-3 and HCT116 cells. Last, tested on a panel of primary osteosarcoma cell lines, MC3353 markedly inhibited cell growth with low single-digit micromolar IC50 ranging from 1.1 to 2.4 μM. Interestingly, in Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells, MC3353 induced both expression of genes and mineralized the matrix as evidence of osteosarcoma to osteoblast differentiation. Conclusions The present work describes MC3353 as a novel DNMTi displaying a stronger in cell demethylating ability than both 5-AZA and DAC, providing re-activation of the silenced ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) gene. MC3353 displayed dose- and time-dependent antiproliferative activity in several cancer cell types, inducing cell death and affecting EMT through E-cadherin and MMP2 modulation. In addition, this compound proved efficacy even in primary osteosarcoma cell models, through the modulation of genes involved in osteoblast differentiation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0663-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Schnekenburger
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Federica Sarno
- Department of Medicine of Precision, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano, 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - Giulia Stazi
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzone
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Christina Gros
- Center for High-Throughput Chemical Biology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Frédéric Ausseil
- Pierre Fabre Laboratories, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien, Toulouse, 31100, France
| | - Cristina Florean
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Medicine of Precision, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149, Italy
| | - Toshikazu Ushijima
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano, 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, Rome, 00149, Italy.,Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola B Arimondo
- Epigenetic Chemical Biology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3523, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris, 75724, France
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Medicine of Precision, University of Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826, Korea
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Santangelo L, Bordoni V, Montaldo C, Cimini E, Zingoni A, Battistelli C, D'Offizi G, Capobianchi MR, Santoni A, Tripodi M, Agrati C. Hepatitis C virus direct-acting antivirals therapy impacts on extracellular vesicles microRNAs content and on their immunomodulating properties. Liver Int 2018; 38:1741-1750. [PMID: 29359389 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is known to cause major alterations in the cross-talk between hepatic and immune cells thus contributing to the liver disease pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles have been proved to act as major players in cell-cell communication, and their cargo changes in relation to pathophysiological states. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic HCV infection and direct-acting antivirals (DAA) on exosome-delivered microRNAs and on their ability to modulate the innate immune response. METHODS Exosomes isolated from the plasma of healthy donors and naïve, viremic HCV patients before and after DAA treatment have been compared for their microRNAs cargo by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Functional assays with peripheral blood cells from healthy donors were performed to assess exosome-mediated immune responses. RESULTS MicroRNAs associated with HCV-related immunopathogenesis which were found to be enriched in exosomes of HCV viremic patients (in particular, miR-122-5p, miR-222-3p, miR-146a, miR-150-5p, miR-30c, miR-378a-3p and miR-20a-5p) were markedly reduced by DAA therapy. This exosome-microRNA cargo modulation parallels changes in their immunomodulatory properties in ex vivo experiments. Exosomes from HCV patients inhibit NK degranulation activity and this effect correlates with miR-122-5p or miR-222-3p levels. CONCLUSIONS Enrichment of immunomodulatory microRNAs in exosomes of HCV patients was correlated with their inhibitory activity on innate immune cells function. Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) treatment was observed to revert both microRNA content and functional profiles of systemic exosomes towards those of healthy donors. Exosome-associated microRNAs may provide valuable biomarkers to monitor immune response recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santangelo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Montaldo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cimini
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zingoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Italia Laboratory - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology - Pasteur Italia Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianpiero D'Offizi
- Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Maria R Capobianchi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine - Pasteur Italia Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Neuromed I.R.C.C.S.- Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy.,Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology - Pasteur Italia Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
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Rossi L, Battistelli C, de Turris V, Noce V, Zwergel C, Valente S, Moioli A, Manzione A, Palladino M, Bordoni V, Domenici A, Menè P, Mai A, Tripodi M, Strippoli R. HDAC1 inhibition by MS-275 in mesothelial cells limits cellular invasion and promotes MMT reversal. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8492. [PMID: 29855565 PMCID: PMC5981641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is a pathological alteration of the peritoneal membrane occurring in a variety of conditions including peritoneal dialysis (PD), post-surgery adhesions and peritoneal metastases. The acquisition of invasive and pro-fibrotic abilities by mesothelial cells (MCs) through induction of MMT, a cell-specific form of EMT, plays a main role in this process. Aim of this study was to evaluate possible effects of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, key components of the epigenetic machinery, in counteracting MMT observed in MCs isolated from effluent of PD patients. HDAC inhibitors with different class/isoform selectivity have been used for pharmacological inhibition. While the effect of other inhibitors was limited to a partial E-cadherin re-expression, MS-275, a HDAC1-3 inhibitor, promoted: (i) downregulation of mesenchymal markers (MMP2, Col1A1, PAI-1, TGFβ1, TGFβRI) (ii) upregulation of epithelial markers (E-cadherin, Occludin), (iii) reacquisition of an epithelial-like morphology and (iv) marked reduction of cellular invasiveness. Results were confirmed by HDAC1 genetic silencing. Mechanistically, MS-275 causes: (i) increase of nuclear histone H3 acetylation (ii) rescue of the acetylation profile on E-cadherin promoter, (iii) Snail functional impairment. Overall, our study, pinpointing a role for HDAC1, revealed a new player in the regulation of peritoneal fibrosis, providing the rationale for future therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Rossi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Section of Molecular Genetics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Section of Molecular Genetics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria de Turris
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Noce
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Section of Molecular Genetics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Moioli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nephrology Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Manzione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nephrology Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Palladino
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nephrology Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Domenici
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nephrology Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Menè
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nephrology Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Section of Molecular Genetics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Section of Molecular Genetics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy.
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Hobor F, Dallmann A, Ball NJ, Cicchini C, Battistelli C, Ogrodowicz RW, Christodoulou E, Martin SR, Castello A, Tripodi M, Taylor IA, Ramos A. A cryptic RNA-binding domain mediates Syncrip recognition and exosomal partitioning of miRNA targets. Nat Commun 2018; 9:831. [PMID: 29483512 PMCID: PMC5827114 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomal miRNA transfer is a mechanism for cell-cell communication that is important in the immune response, in the functioning of the nervous system and in cancer. Syncrip/hnRNPQ is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein that mediates the exosomal partition of a set of miRNAs. Here, we report that Syncrip's amino-terminal domain, which was previously thought to mediate protein-protein interactions, is a cryptic, conserved and sequence-specific RNA-binding domain, designated NURR (N-terminal unit for RNA recognition). The NURR domain mediates the specific recognition of a short hEXO sequence defining Syncrip exosomal miRNA targets, and is coupled by a non-canonical structural element to Syncrip's RRM domains to achieve high-affinity miRNA binding. As a consequence, Syncrip-mediated selection of the target miRNAs implies both recognition of the hEXO sequence by the NURR domain and binding of the RRM domains 5' to this sequence. This structural arrangement enables Syncrip-mediated selection of miRNAs with different seed sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fruzsina Hobor
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andre Dallmann
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Street 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Neil J Ball
- Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Carla Cicchini
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roksana W Ogrodowicz
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Evangelos Christodoulou
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Stephen R Martin
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alfredo Castello
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Ian A Taylor
- Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Andres Ramos
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK.
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Fazi B, Garbo S, Toschi N, Mangiola A, Lombari M, Sicari D, Battistelli C, Galardi S, Michienzi A, Trevisi G, Harari-Steinfeld R, Cicchini C, Ciafrè SA. The lncRNA H19 positively affects the tumorigenic properties of glioblastoma cells and contributes to NKD1 repression through the recruitment of EZH2 on its promoter. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15512-15525. [PMID: 29643989 PMCID: PMC5884644 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The still largely obscure molecular events in the glioblastoma oncogenesis, a primary brain tumor characterized by an inevitably dismal prognosis, impel for investigation. The importance of Long noncoding RNAs as regulators of gene expression has recently become evident. Among them, H19 has a recognized oncogenic role in several types of human tumors and was shown to correlate to some oncogenic aspects of glioblastoma cells. Here we, hypothesyze that in glioblastoma H19 exerts its function through the interaction with the catalytic subunit of the PRC2 complex, EZH2. By employing a factor analysis on a SAGE dataset of 12 glioblastoma samples, we show that H19 expression in glioblastoma tissues correlates with that of several genes involved in glioblastoma growth and progression. H19 knock-down reduces viability, migration and invasiveness of two distinct human glioblastoma cell lines. Most importantly, we provide a mechanistic perspective about the role of H19 in glioblastoma cells, by showing that its expression is inversely linked to that of NKD1, a negative regulator of Wnt pathway, suggesting that H19 might regulate NKD1 transcription via EZH2-induced H3K27 trimethylation of its promoter. Indeed, we showed that H19 binds EZH2 in glioblastoma cells, and that EZH2 binding to NKD1 and other promoters is impaired by H19 silencing. In this work we describe H19 as part of an epigenetic modulation program executed by EZH2, that results in the repression of Nkd1. We believe that our results can provide a new piece to the complex puzzle of H19 function in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fazi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annunziato Mangiola
- Department Head and Neck, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Malinska Lombari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Sicari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Present address: Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Galardi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Michienzi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Trevisi
- Department Head and Neck, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Rona Harari-Steinfeld
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah University Hospital, Hebrew University, Jerusalem
| | - Carla Cicchini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Anna Ciafrè
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Magistri P, Battistelli C, Strippoli R, Petrucciani N, Pellinen T, Rossi L, Mangogna L, Aurello P, D'Angelo F, Tripodi M, Ramacciato G, Nigri G. SMO Inhibition Modulates Cellular Plasticity and Invasiveness in Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:956. [PMID: 29456503 PMCID: PMC5801594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS Preliminary results of this work were presented at the 2016 Academic Surgical Congress, Jacksonville (FL), February 2-4 2016 (Original title: Selective Smo-Inhibition Interferes With Cellular Energetic Metabolism In Colorectal Cancer)This study was funded by "Sapienza-University of Rome" (Funds for young researchers) and "AIRC" (Italian Association for Cancer Research)Hedgehog inhibitor was kindly provided by Genentech, Inc.®. Colon Cancer (CC) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed tumor and the second leading cause of death in the USA. Abnormalities of Hedgehog pathway have been demonstrated in several types of human cancers, however the role of Hedgehog (Hh) in CC remain controversial. In this study, we analyzed the association between increased mRNA expression of GLI1 and GLI2, two Hh target genes, and CC survival and recurrence by gene expression microarray from a cohort of 382 CC patients. We found that patients with increased expression of GLI1 showed a statistically significant reduction in survival. In order to demonstrate a causal role of Hh pathway activation in the pathogenesis of CC, we treated HCT 116, SW480 and SW620 CC cells lines with GDC-0449, a pharmacological inhibitor of Smoothened (SMO). Treatment with GDC-0449 markedly reduced expression of Hh target genes GLI1, PTCH1, HIP1, MUC5AC, thus indicating that this pathway is constitutively active in CC cell lines. Moreover, GDC-0449 partially reduced cell proliferation, which was associated with upregulation of p21 and downregulation of CycD1. Finally, treatment with the same drug reduced migration and three-dimensional invasion, which were associated with downregulation of Snail1, the EMT master gene, and with induction of the epithelial markers Cytokeratin-18 and E-cadherin. These results were confirmed by SMO genetic silencing. Notably, treatment with 5E1, a Sonic Hedgehog-specific mAb, markedly reduced the expression of Hedgehog target genes, as well as inhibited cell proliferation and mediated reversion toward an epithelial phenotype. This suggests the existence of a Hedgehog autocrine signaling loop affecting cell plasticity and fostering cell proliferation and migration/invasion in CC cell lines. These discoveries encourage future investigations to better characterize the role of Hedgehog in cellular plasticity and invasion during the different steps of CC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Magistri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Niccolò Petrucciani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Teijo Pellinen
- FIMM Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lucia Rossi
- Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Mangogna
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Aurello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Angelo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ramacciato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nigri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Santangelo L, Giurato G, Cicchini C, Montaldo C, Mancone C, Tarallo R, Battistelli C, Alonzi T, Weisz A, Tripodi M. The RNA-Binding Protein SYNCRIP Is a Component of the Hepatocyte Exosomal Machinery Controlling MicroRNA Sorting. Cell Rep 2017; 17:799-808. [PMID: 27732855 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite clear evidence that exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are able to modulate the cellular microenvironment and that exosomal RNA cargo selection is deregulated in pathological conditions, the mechanisms controlling specific RNA sorting into extracellular vesicles are still poorly understood. Here, we identified the RNA binding protein SYNCRIP (synaptotagmin-binding cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein; also known as hnRNP-Q or NSAP1) as a component of the hepatocyte exosomal miRNA sorting machinery. SYNCRIP knockdown impairs sorting of miRNAs in exosomes. Furthermore, SYNCRIP directly binds to specific miRNAs enriched in exosomes sharing a common extra-seed sequence (hEXO motif). The hEXO motif has a role in the regulation of miRNA localization, since embedment of this motif into a poorly exported miRNA enhances its loading into exosomes. This evidence provides insights into the mechanisms of miRNA exosomal sorting process. Moreover, these findings open the way for the possible selective modification of the miRNAs exosomal cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santangelo
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Schola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 1, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Carla Cicchini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Montaldo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Mancone
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Tarallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Schola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 1, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Tonino Alonzi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Schola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 1, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy.
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Magistri P, Battistelli C, Assirati G, Mereu F, Tarantino G, Guerrini GP, Ballarin R, Di Benedetto F. Promotion of proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by LncRNA00673 based on the targeted-regulation of notch signaling pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:4261-4262. [PMID: 29077173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Magistri
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Liver Transplantation Unit, University of Modena.
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Andresini O, Ciotti A, Rossi MN, Battistelli C, Carbone M, Maione R. A cross-talk between DNA methylation and H3 lysine 9 dimethylation at the KvDMR1 region controls the induction of Cdkn1c in muscle cells. Epigenetics 2016; 11:791-803. [PMID: 27611768 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1230576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The cdk inhibitor p57kip2, encoded by the Cdkn1c gene, plays a critical role in mammalian development and in the differentiation of several tissues. Cdkn1c protein levels are carefully regulated via imprinting and other epigenetic mechanisms affecting both the promoter and distant regulatory elements, which restrict its expression to particular developmental phases or specific cell types. Inappropriate activation of these regulatory mechanisms leads to Cdkn1c silencing, causing growth disorders and cancer. We have previously reported that, in skeletal muscle cells, induction of Cdkn1c expression requires the binding of the bHLH myogenic factor MyoD to a long-distance regulatory element within the imprinting control region KvDMR1. Interestingly, MyoD binding to KvDMR1 is prevented in myogenic cell types refractory to the induction of Cdkn1c. In the present work, we took advantage of this model system to investigate the epigenetic determinants of the differential interaction of MyoD with KvDMR1. We show that treatment with the DNA demethylating agent 5-azacytidine restores the binding of MyoD to KvDMR1 in cells unresponsive to Cdkn1c induction. This, in turn, promotes the release of a repressive chromatin loop between KvDMR1 and Cdkn1c promoter and, thus, the upregulation of the gene. Analysis of the chromatin status of Cdkn1c promoter and KvDMR1 in unresponsive compared to responsive cell types showed that their differential responsiveness to the MyoD-dependent induction of the gene does not involve just their methylation status but, rather, the differential H3 lysine 9 dimethylation at KvDMR1. Finally, we report that the same histone modification also marks the KvDMR1 region of human cancer cells in which Cdkn1c is silenced. On the basis of these results, we suggest that the epigenetic status of KvDMR1 represents a critical determinant of the cell type-restricted expression of Cdkn1c and, possibly, of its aberrant silencing in some pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriella Andresini
- a Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Agnese Ciotti
- a Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Marianna N Rossi
- a Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- a Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Carbone
- a Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Rossella Maione
- a Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
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Battistelli C, Cicchini C, Santangelo L, Tramontano A, Grassi L, Gonzalez FJ, de Nonno V, Grassi G, Amicone L, Tripodi M. The Snail repressor recruits EZH2 to specific genomic sites through the enrollment of the lncRNA HOTAIR in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncogene 2016; 36:942-955. [PMID: 27452518 PMCID: PMC5318668 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Snail is a master regulator of cellular identity and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) directly repressing a broad repertoire of epithelial genes. How chromatin modifiers instrumental to its activity are recruited to Snail-specific binding sites is unclear. Here we report that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR (for HOX Transcript Antisense Intergenic RNA) mediates a physical interaction between Snail and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), an enzymatic subunit of the polycomb-repressive complex 2 and the main writer of chromatin-repressive marks. The Snail-repressive activity, here monitored on genes with a pivotal function in epithelial and hepatic morphogenesis, differentiation and cell-type identity, depends on the formation of a tripartite Snail/HOTAIR/EZH2 complex. These results demonstrate an lncRNA-mediated mechanism by which a transcriptional factor conveys a general chromatin modifier to specific genes, thereby allowing the execution of hepatocyte transdifferentiation; moreover, they highlight HOTAIR as a crucial player in the Snail-mediated EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Battistelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Cicchini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Santangelo
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Tramontano
- Department of Physics, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Grassi
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - V de Nonno
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grassi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - L Amicone
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Tripodi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cicchini
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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41
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Montaldo C, Mattei S, Baiocchini A, Rotiroti N, Del Nonno F, Pucillo LP, Cozzolino AM, Battistelli C, Amicone L, Ippolito G, van Noort V, Conigliaro A, Alonzi T, Tripodi M, Mancone C. Spike-in SILAC proteomic approach reveals the vitronectin as an early molecular signature of liver fibrosis in hepatitis C infections with hepatic iron overload. Proteomics 2014; 14:1107-15. [PMID: 24616218 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced iron overload has been shown to promote liver fibrosis, steatosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The zonal-restricted histological distribution of pathological iron deposits has hampered the attempt to perform large-scale in vivo molecular investigations on the comorbidity between iron and HCV. Diagnostic and prognostic markers are not yet available to assess iron overload-induced liver fibrogenesis and progression in HCV infections. Here, by means of Spike-in SILAC proteomic approach, we first unveiled a specific membrane protein expression signature of HCV cell cultures in the presence of iron overload. Computational analysis of proteomic dataset highlighted the hepatocytic vitronectin expression as the most promising specific biomarker for iron-associated fibrogenesis in HCV infections. Next, the robustness of our in vitro findings was challenged in human liver biopsies by immunohistochemistry and yielded two major results: (i) hepatocytic vitronectin expression is associated to liver fibrogenesis in HCV-infected patients with iron overload; (ii) hepatic vitronectin expression was found to discriminate also the transition between mild to moderate fibrosis in HCV-infected patients without iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Montaldo
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Battistelli C, Busanello A, Maione R. Functional interplay between MyoD and CTCF in regulating long-range chromatin interactions during differentiation. Development 2014. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.116822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mostocotto C, Carbone M, Battistelli C, Ciotti A, Amati P, Maione R. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is required to modulate chromatin changes at c-MYC promoter during emergence from quiescence. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102575. [PMID: 25047032 PMCID: PMC4105440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a post-translational modification of various proteins and participates in the regulation of chromatin structure and transcription through complex mechanisms not completely understood. We have previously shown that PARP-1, the major family member of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases, plays an important role in the cell cycle reactivation of resting cells by regulating the expression of Immediate Early Response Genes, such as c-MYC, c-FOS, JUNB and EGR-1. In the present work we have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which the enzyme induces c-MYC transcription upon serum stimulation of quiescent cells. We show that PARP-1 is constitutively associated in vivo to a c-MYC promoter region recognized as biologically relevant for the transcriptional regulation of the gene. Moreover, we report that serum stimulation causes the prompt accumulation of ADP-ribose polymers on the same region and that this modification is required for chromatin decondensation and for the exchange of negative for positive transcriptional regulators. Finally we provide evidence that the inhibition of PARP activity along with serum stimulation impairs c-MYC induction by preventing the proper accumulation of histone H3 phosphoacetylation, a specific chromatin mark for the activation of Immediate Early Response Genes. These findings not only suggest a novel strategy by which PARP-1 regulates the transcriptional activity of promoters but also provide new information about the complex regulation of c-MYC expression, a critical determinant of the transition from quiescence to proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Mostocotto
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Carbone
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Ciotti
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Amati
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Maione
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Battistelli C, Busanello A, Maione R. Functional interplay between MyoD and CTCF in regulating long-range chromatin interactions during differentiation. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3757-67. [PMID: 25002401 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.149427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher-order chromatin structures appear to be dynamically arranged during development and differentiation. However, the molecular mechanism underlying their maintenance or disruption and their functional relevance to gene regulation are poorly understood. We recently described a dynamic long-range chromatin interaction between the gene promoter of the cdk inhibitor p57(kip2) (also known as Cdkn1c) and the imprinting control region KvDMR1 in muscle cells. Here, we show that CTCF, the best characterized organizer of long-range chromatin interactions, binds to both the p57(kip2) promoter and KvDMR1 and is necessary for the maintenance of their physical contact. Moreover, we show that CTCF-mediated looping is required to prevent p57(kip2) expression before differentiation. Finally, we provide evidence that the induction of p57(kip2) during myogenesis involves the physical interaction of the muscle-regulatory factor MyoD with CTCF at KvDMR1, the displacement of the cohesin complex subunit Rad21 and the destabilization of the chromatin loop. The finding that MyoD affects chromatin looping at CTCF-binding sites represents the first evidence that a differentiation factor regulates chromatin-loop dynamics and provides a useful paradigm for gaining insights into the developmental regulation of long-range chromatin contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Battistelli
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Busanello
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Maione
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Busanello A, Battistelli C, Carbone M, Mostocotto C, Maione R. MyoD regulates p57kip2 expression by interacting with a distant cis-element and modifying a higher order chromatin structure. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:8266-75. [PMID: 22740650 PMCID: PMC3458561 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The bHLH transcription factor MyoD, the prototypical master regulator of differentiation, directs a complex program of gene expression during skeletal myogenesis. The up-regulation of the cdk inhibitor p57kip2 plays a critical role in coordinating differentiation and growth arrest during muscle development, as well as in other tissues. p57kip2 displays a highly specific expression pattern and is subject to a complex epigenetic control driving the imprinting of the paternal allele. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing its expression during development are still poorly understood. We have identified an unexpected mechanism by which MyoD regulates p57kip2 transcription in differentiating muscle cells. We show that the induction of p57kip2 requires MyoD binding to a long-distance element located within the imprinting control region KvDMR1 and the consequent release of a chromatin loop involving p57kip2 promoter. We also show that differentiation-dependent regulation of p57kip2, while involving a region implicated in the imprinting process, is distinct and hierarchically subordinated to the imprinting control. These findings highlight a novel mechanism, involving the modification of higher order chromatin structures, by which MyoD regulates gene expression. Our results also suggest that chromatin folding mediated by KvDMR1 could account for the highly restricted expression of p57kip2 during development and, possibly, for its aberrant silencing in some pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Busanello
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 324, Roma 00161, Italy
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