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Bae CH, Kim HY, Seo JE, Lee H, Kim S. In Silico Analysis of Pyeongwi-San Involved in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment Using Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1322. [PMID: 37759722 PMCID: PMC10526905 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGOUND Pyeongwi-san (PWS) is a widely used formula for treating digestive disorders in Korea and China. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by progressive inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Emerging evidence supports the protective effect of PWS against IBD, but specific mechanisms are still elusive. METHODS Active compounds of PWS were screened from the medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine (TM-MC) in the consideration of drug-likeness and oral bioavailability. Target candidates of active compounds were predicted using the ChEMBL database. IBD-related targets were obtained from the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. The network of composition-targets-disease was constructed. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were analyzed. Molecular docking was used to simulate the binding affinity of active compounds on target proteins and molecular dynamics was used to validate the molecular docking result. RESULTS A total of 26 core target proteins of PWS were related to IBD. Enrichment analysis suggested that PWS is highly associated with tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, apoptosis, and the collapse of tight junctions. Moreover, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation proposed β-eudesmol and (3R,6R,7S)-1,10-bisaboladien-3-ol to ameliorate IBD through the binding to TNF and MMP9, respectively. CONCLUSION Present in silico analysis revealed potential pathways and insight of PWS to regulate IBD. These results imply that the therapeutic effect of PWS might be achieved via an inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (C.-H.B.); (J.E.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Eun Seo
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (C.-H.B.); (J.E.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Hanul Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (C.-H.B.); (J.E.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (C.-H.B.); (J.E.S.); (H.L.)
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea;
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Kim HY, Seo JE, Lee H, Bae CH, Ha KT, Kim S. Rumex japonicus Houtt. Extract Suppresses Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Inflammation and Tight-Junction Integrity in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946909. [PMID: 35865942 PMCID: PMC9294457 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel disease (IBD), which results in an elevated risk of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), is characterized by inflammation and barrier disruption of the gut. The genus Rumex has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and the roots of Rumex japonicus Houtt (RJ) have been traditionally used in East Asia to treat digestive problems. We investigated the protective effect of RJ against azoxymethane (AOM)-and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced CAC in C57BL/6N male mice. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with AOM on the first day and orally treated with 2% DSS for 2 weeks (on the third and sixth weeks). RJ extract (100 mg/kg) was administered to the mice in the RJ group for 4 weeks (from the third to sixth week), and all mice were sacrificed on the final day of the eighth week. Changes in morphology, tight junctions (TJs), inflammation-related factors in the colon and serum inflammatory cytokine levels were measured. The colons of AOM/DSS-treated mice were shorter and heavier than those of normal mice. The number of tumors in the colons of AOM/DSS-treated mice increased; however, RJ suppressed these changes. RJ also reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in the colon and serum, and it increased the level of IL-10 in the colon. Moreover, RJ inhibited the barrier disruption and apoptosis in the colons of AOM/DSS-treated mice. RJ effectively suppressed AOM/DSS-induced CAC by inhibiting tumor formation, inflammation, disruption of TJ, and apoptosis in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Seo
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hanul Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Seungtae Kim,
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Kim HY, Bae CH, Kim J, Lee Y, Jeon H, Kim H, Kim S. Rumex japonicus Houtt. Protects Dopaminergic Neurons by Regulating Mitochondrial Function and Gut–Brain Axis in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Parkinson’s Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010141. [PMID: 35052645 PMCID: PMC8772800 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJ) has been used to treat gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases in East Asia. However, it is unknown whether RJ can prevent PD. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of RJ in cellular and animal PD models, focused on mitochondrial function and the gut–brain axis. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with RJ (0.01 mg/mL) for 24 h, after which they were treated with the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+). MPP+-induced apoptosis increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and decreased ATP, PINK1, and DJ-1, which were inhibited by RJ. Ten-week-old C57BL/6N male mice were treated with 30 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) for 5 days and orally administered 50 or 100 mg/kg of RJ for 14 days. RJ alleviated MPTP-induced behavioral impairment, dopaminergic neuronal death, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the substantia nigra (SN) and suppressed the MPTP-induced increase in lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, α-synuclein, and apoptotic factors in the SN and colon. Moreover, RJ inhibited the MPTP-mediated disruption of the tight junction barrier in the colon and blood–brain barrier of mice. Therefore, RJ alleviates MPTP-induced inflammation and dopaminergic neuronal death by maintaining mitochondrial function and tight junctions in the brain and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Yukyoung Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.-H.B.); (Y.L.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8473
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Jeon H, Kim HY, Bae CH, Lee Y, Koo S, Kim S. Korean red ginseng decreases 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced mitophagy in SH-SY5Y cells. J Integr Med 2021; 19:537-544. [PMID: 34580047 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitophagy is known to contribute towards progression of Parkinson's disease. Korean red ginseng (KRG) is a widely used medicinal herb in East Asia, and recent studies have reported that KRG prevents 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced cell death. This study was undertaken to investigate whether KRG suppresses MPP+-induced apoptosis and mitophagy. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with KRG for 24 h, and subsequently exposed to MPP+. The MPP+-induced cell death was confirmed with the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay. Changes in the structure and function of mitochondria were confirmed using mitotracker, MitoSOX red mitochondrial superoxide indicator, parkin, and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) immunofluorescent staining. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the expression of apoptosis-related factors in whole cells, including Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3, and mitophagy-related factors in the mitochondrial fraction, including cytochrome c, parkin, PINK1, translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20), p62 and Beclin 1. RESULTS MPP+ induced cell death by cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation; however, this effect was suppressed by KRG's regulation of the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax. Moreover, MPP+ exposure increased the mitochondrial expressions of parkin, PINK1, Beclin 1 and p62, and decreased TOM20, cytochrome c and Bcl-2 expressions. These MPP+-induced changes in the mitochondrial fraction were attenuated by treatment with KRG. CONCLUSION KRG effectively prevents MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death by regulating cytochrome c release from mitochondria and PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, through regulation of the Bcl-2 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yukyung Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungtae Koo
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Kim YD, Choi YS, Na HG, Song SY, Bae CH. [MUC4 Silencing Inhibits TGF-β1-induced Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition VIA the ERK1/2 Pathway in Human Airway Epithelial NCI-H292 Cells]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2021; 55:617-625. [PMID: 34432779 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898421040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
MUC4 is a predominant membrane-tethered mucin lubricating and protecting the epithelial surface and playing various biological roles in the renewal and differentiation of epithelial cells, cell signaling, cell adhesion, and carcinogenesis. Interestingly, recent studies have demonstrated that MUC4 expression regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells in ovarian, pancreatic, and lung cancer. However, the effects of MUC4 expression on EMT in human airway epithelial cells are not yet well known. Here, we describe the effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced MUC4 expression on EMT and evaluate its downstream signaling pathway in human airway epithelial cells. In human airway epithelial NCI-H292 cells, exposure to TGF-β1 induced expression of MUC4, CDH2, VIM and SNAI1 genes and encoded by them proteins, MUC4, N-cadherin, vimentin and Snail, and reduced the level of CDH1 and its product, E-cadherin. In MUC4-knockdown cells, TGF-β1-induced expression levels of MUC4, CDH2, VIM and SNAI1 and corresponding proteins were suppressed, but CDH1 and E-cadherin levels were not. In addition, TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was suppressed, but that of Smad2/3, Akt, and p38 was not. The results of this study suggest that MUC4 silencing inhibits TGF-β1 -induced EMT via the ERK1/2 pathway, and a possible role of MUC4 in the induction of EMT in human airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-D Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea.,Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - H G Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - S-Y Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415 Republic of Korea.,
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Kim YD, Choi YS, Na HG, Song SY, Bae CH. Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates LPS-induced MUC5AC expression via the TLR4-mediated ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathway in human airway epithelial NCI-H292 cells. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:613-618. [PMID: 32512990 DOI: 10.23812/19-420-l-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y D Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H G Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Jeon H, Kim HY, Bae CH, Lee Y, Kim S. Korean Red Ginseng Regulates Intestinal Tight Junction and Inflammation in the Colon of a Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model. J Med Food 2020; 23:1231-1237. [PMID: 33121350 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have determined that gastrointestinal function contributes to the control of Parkinson's disease (PD). Gastrointestinal dysfunction results in a leaky intestinal barrier, inducing inflammation in the gut. Korean red ginseng (KRG) is widely used for the treatment of numerous afflictions, including inflammation and neurodegenerative disease. We investigated changes in the intestinal tight junctions and proinflammatory cytokines in the colon, and alpha-synuclein (aSyn) in the colon and the substantia nigra (SN) of a PD mouse model. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally administered 30 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) once a day for 5 days, and orally given 100 mg/kg of KRG for 12 consecutive days. Alterations in the levels of occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the colon, and the expressions of aSyn and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the colon and the SN were evaluated. Oral administration of KRG significantly prevents the MPTP-induced motor dysfunction, and suppresses the MPTP-induced disruption of occludin and ZO-1, and suppresses the increase in TNF-α and IL-1β in the colon of mice. In addition, KRG prevents accumulation of aSyn and TH in the colon and the SN. These results suggest that KRG has the potential to prevent MPTP-induced leaky gut barrier, inflammation, and accumulation of aSyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yukyoung Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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Kwak S, Choi YS, Na HG, Bae CH, Song SY, Kim YD. Fipronil upregulates inflammatory cytokines and MUC5AC expression in human nasal epithelial cells. Rhinology 2020; 58:66-73. [PMID: 31680128 DOI: 10.4193/rhin19.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway inflammation and excessive mucin production are pathophysiological characteristics of airway diseases. Fipronil, a pesticide, is being extensively used in agriculture and veterinary medicine worldwide. However, this compound impairs immune function in non-target organisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fipronil on pro-inflammatory cytokine and mucus production and signalling pathways in human primary nasal METHODOLOGY: The effect of fipronil on pro-inflammatory cytokine and MUC5AC expression and the signalling pathway of fipronil were investigated using real-time PCR, enzyme immunoassays, immunofluorescence, and immunoblot analysis with specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA. RESULTS Fipronil treatment increased pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and MUC5AC expression in human primary nasal epithelial cells. It also induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB). MAPK and NF-kB inhibitor treatment significantly inhibited increases in IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and MUC5AC expression. Ex vivo data confirmed that fipronil-induced MUC5AC expression occurs through ERK1/2, p38, and NF-kB signalling pathways in nasal inferior turbinate tissue. CONCLUSIONS Fipronil induced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and MUC5AC expression via ERK1/2 MAPK, p38 MAPK, and NF-kB in human primary nasal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kwak
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Graduate School of Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H G Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S-Y Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-D Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Nguyen HTT, Choi S, Kim S, Lee JH, Park AR, Yu NH, Yoon H, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Choi GJ, Son H, Kim JC. Corrigendum: The Hsp90 Inhibitor, Monorden, Is a Promising Lead Compound for the Development of Novel Fungicides. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:635. [PMID: 32508869 PMCID: PMC7251308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00371.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang T. T. Nguyen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soyoung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soonok Kim
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- GPS Screen Team, Drug R&D Institute, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjun Yoon
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Joo Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Therapeutic & Biotechnology Division, Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hokyoung Son
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Nguyen HTT, Choi S, Kim S, Lee JH, Park AR, Yu NH, Yoon H, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Choi GJ, Son H, Kim JC. The Hsp90 Inhibitor, Monorden, Is a Promising Lead Compound for the Development of Novel Fungicides. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:371. [PMID: 32300352 PMCID: PMC7144829 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are great resources for the identification of useful natural products such as antimicrobial agents. In this study, we performed the antifungal screening of various plant endophytic fungi against the dollar spot pathogen Sclerotinia homoeocarpa and finally selected Humicola sp. JS-0112 as a potential biocontrol agent. The bioactive compound produced by the strain JS-0112 was identified as monorden known as an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Monorden exhibited strong antagonistic activity against most tested plant pathogenic fungi particularly against tree pathogens and oomycetes with the minimum inhibitory concentration values less than 2.5 μg mL-1. Extensive in planta assays revealed that monorden effectively suppressed the development of several important plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, wheat leaf rust, creeping bentgrass dollar spot, and cucumber damping-off. Especially, it showed much stronger disease control efficacy against cucumber damping-off than a synthetic fungicide chlorothalonil. Subsequent molecular genetic analysis of fission yeast and Fusarium graminearum suggested that Hsp90 is a major inhibitory target of monorden, and sequence variation among fungal Hsp90 is a determinant for the dissimilar monorden sensitivity of fungi. This is the first report dealing with the disease control efficacy and antifungal mechanism of monorden against fungal plant diseases and we believe that monorden can be used as a lead molecule for developing novel fungicides with new action mechanism for the control of plant diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang T. T. Nguyen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soyoung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soonok Kim
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- GPS Screen Team, Drug R&D Institute, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjun Yoon
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Joo Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Therapeutic & Biotechnology Division, Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hokyoung Son
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Son YK, Yoon SR, Bang WY, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Yeo R, An J, Song J, Kim OY. Carpinus turczaninowii extract modulates arterial inflammatory response: a potential therapeutic use for atherosclerosis. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 13:302-309. [PMID: 31388406 PMCID: PMC6669074 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.4.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vascular inflammation is an important feature in the atherosclerotic process. Recent studies report that leaves and branches of Carpinus turczaninowii (C. turczaninowii) have antioxidant capacity and exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, no study has reported the regulatory effect of C. turczaninowii extract on the arterial inflammatory response. This study therefore investigated modulation of the arterial inflammatory response after exposure to C. turczaninowii extract, using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs). MATERIALS/METHODS Scavenging activity of free radicals, total phenolic content (TPC), cell viability, mRNA expressions, and secreted levels of cytokines were measured in LPS-stimulated (10 ng/mL) HAoSMCs treated with the C. turczaninowii extract. RESULTS C. turczaninowii extract contains high amounts of TPC (225.6 ± 21.0 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of the extract), as well as exerts time-and dose-dependent increases in strongly scavenged free radicals (average 14.8 ± 1.97 µg/mL IC50 at 40 min). Cell viabilities after exposure to the extracts (1 and 10 µg/mL) were similar to the viability of non-treated cells. Cytokine mRNA expressions were significantly suppressed by the extracts (1 and 10 µg/mL) at 6 hours (h) after exposure. Interleukin-6 secretion was dose-dependently suppressed 2 h after incubation with the extract, at 1–10 µg/mL in non-stimulated cells, and at 5 and 10 µg/mL in LPS-stimulated cells. Similar patterns were also observed at 24 h after incubation with the extract (at 1–10 µg/mL in non-stimulated cells, and at 10 µg/mL in the LPS-stimulated cells). Soluble intracellular vascular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1) secreted from non-stimulated cells and LPS-stimulated cells were similarly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner after 24 h exposure to the extracts, but not after 2 h. In addition, sICAM-1 concentration after 24 h treatment was positively related to IL-6 levels after 2 h and 24 h exposure (r = 0.418, P = 0.003, and r = 0.524, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that C. turczaninowii modulates the arterial inflammatory response, and indicates the potential to be applied as a therapeutic use for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Kyoung Son
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - So Ra Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea.,Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong-A University, 37 Nakdongdae-ro, 550beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Insurance and Clinical Research, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Gyeonggi, 10444, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Young Bang
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Rimkyo Yeo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun An
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Departments of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Yoen Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea.,Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong-A University, 37 Nakdongdae-ro, 550beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
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12
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Bae CH, Lee JH. Electromyographic Analysis of Shoulder Stabilization Training Programs in Patients with Frozen Shoulder. j med imaging hlth inform 2018. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2018.2436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nguyen LTT, Jang JY, Kim TY, Yu NH, Park AR, Lee S, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Hur JS, Park HW, Kim JC. Nematicidal activity of verrucarin A and roridin A isolated from Myrothecium verrucaria against Meloidogyne incognita. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 148:133-143. [PMID: 29891364 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Loan Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeong Jang
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Lee
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-170, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-170, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-170, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seoun Hur
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Suncheon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Woong Park
- R&D Division, World Institute of Kimchi, 86 Kimchi-ro, Nam-gu, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Lee YR, Jung S, Chi WJ, Bae CH, Jeong BC, Hong SK, Lee CR. Biochemical Characterization of a Novel GH86 ��-Agarase Producing Neoagarohexaose from Gayadomonas joobiniege G7. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 28:284-292. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1710.10011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Kim TY, Jang JY, Yu NH, Chi WJ, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Park AR, Hur JS, Park HW, Park JY, Park JH, Lee SK, Kim JC. Nematicidal activity of grammicin produced by Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP against Meloidogyne incognita. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:384-391. [PMID: 28851010 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endolichenic fungus Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP showed strong nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita. This study aimed to identify the nematicidal metabolites and to evaluate the efficacy of the strain as a biocontrol agent under pot and field conditions. RESULTS Bioassay-guided fractionation and instrumental analyses led to grammicin being identified as the nematicidal metabolite. Because patulin is a mycotoxic isomer of grammicin and is known to have strong antibacterial and cytotoxic activities, several biological activities of the two compounds were compared. Grammicin showed strong second-stage juvenile killing and egg-hatching inhibitory effects, with a 50% effective concentration at 72 h (EC50/72 h ) of 15.9 µg/mL and a 50% effective concentration at 14 days (EC50/14 days ) of 5.87 µg/mL, respectively, whereas patulin was virtually inactive in both respects. Patulin was strongly active toward various phytopathogenic bacteria in vitro, whereas grammicin was weakly so. Patulin at the concentration range of 0.1-10 µg/mL also showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity toward the human first-trimester trophoblast cell line SW.71, whereas grammicin was not toxic toward this cell line. In pot and field experiments, a wettable powder-type formulation and fermentation broth filtrate of X. grammica KCTC 13121BP effectively suppressed the development of root-knot nematode disease on tomato and melon plants. CONCLUSION The results suggest that X. grammica and grammicin may have potential applications for control of root-knot nematode disease of various crops. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeong Jang
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jae Chi
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Hur
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Suncheon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Woong Park
- R&D Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Park
- Laboratory of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Jang H, Myung H, Lee J, Myung JK, Jang WS, Lee SJ, Bae CH, Kim H, Park S, Shim S. Impaired Skin Barrier Due to Sebaceous Gland Atrophy in the Latent Stage of Radiation-Induced Skin Injury: Application of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010185. [PMID: 29316698 PMCID: PMC5796134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced skin injury can take the form of serious cutaneous damage and have specific characteristics. Asymptomatic periods are classified as the latent stage. The skin barrier plays a critical role in the modulation of skin permeability and hydration and protects the body against a harsh external environment. However, an analysis on skin barrier dysfunction against radiation exposure in the latent stage has not been conducted. Thus, we investigated whether the skin barrier is impaired by irradiation in the latent stage and aimed to identify the molecules involved in skin barrier dysfunction. We analyzed skin barrier function and its components in SKH1 mice that received 20 and 40 Gy local irradiation. Increased transepidermal water loss and skin pH were observed in the latent stage of the irradiated skin. Skin barrier components, such as structural proteins and lipid synthesis enzymes in keratinocyte, increased in the irradiated group. Interestingly, we noted sebaceous gland atrophy and increased serine protease and inflammatory cytokines in the irradiated skin during the latent period. This finding indicates that the main factor of skin barrier dysfunction in the latent stage of radiation-induced skin injury is sebaceous gland deficiency, which could be an intervention target for skin barrier impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosun Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Hyunwook Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Janet Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Jae Kyung Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Won-Suk Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Sun-Joo Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Hyewon Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Sehwan Shim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea.
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Lee C, Shim S, Jang H, Myung H, Lee J, Bae CH, Myung JK, Kim MJ, Lee SB, Jang WS, Lee SJ, Kim HY, Lee SS, Park S. Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and small intestinal submucosa hydrogel composite promotes combined radiation-wound healing of mice. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:1048-1059. [PMID: 28751152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising agent for treating impaired wound healing, and their therapeutic potential may be enhanced by employing extracellular matrix scaffolds as cell culture scaffolds or transplant cell carriers. Here, we evaluated the effect of human umbilical cord blood-derived (hUCB)-MSCs and a porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS)-derived extracellular matrix scaffold in a combined radiation-wound mouse model of impaired wound healing. METHODS hUCB-MSCs and SIS hydrogel composite was applied to the excisional wound of whole-body irradiated mice. Assessment of wound closing and histological evaluation were performed in vivo. We also cultured hUCB-MSCs on SIS gel and examined the angiogenic effect of conditioned medium on irradiated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. RESULTS hUCB-MSCs and SIS hydrogel composite treatment enhanced wound healing and angiogenesis in the wound site of mice. Conditioned medium from hUCB-MSCs cultured on SIS hydrogel promoted the chemotaxis of irradiated HUVECs more than their proliferation. The secretion of angiogenic growth factors hepatocyte growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and angiopoietin-1 from hUCB-MSCs was significantly increased by SIS hydrogel, with HGF being the predominant angiogenic factor of irradiated HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the wound healing effect of hUCB-MSCs is enhanced by SIS hydrogel via a paracrine factor-mediated recruitment of vascular endothelial cells in a combined radiation-wound mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsun Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Shim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwook Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Janet Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joo Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Yool Kim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sook Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim TY, Jang JY, Jeon SJ, Lee HW, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Lee HB, Kim IS, Park HW, Kim JC. Nematicidal Activity of Kojic Acid Produced by Aspergillus oryzae against Meloidogyne incognita. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 26:1383-91. [PMID: 27197670 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1603.03040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The fungal strain EML-DML3PNa1 isolated from leaf of white dogwood (Cornus alba L.) showed strong nematicidal activity with juvenile mortality of 87.6% at a concentration of 20% fermentation broth filtrate at 3 days after treatment. The active fungal strain was identified as Aspergillus oryzae, which belongs to section Flavi, based on the morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of the ITS rDNA, calmodulin (CaM), and β-tubulin (BenA) genes. The strain reduced the pH value to 5.62 after 7 days of incubation. Organic acid analysis revealed the presence of citric acid (515.0 mg/kg), malic acid (506.6 mg/kg), and fumaric acid (21.7 mg/kg). The three organic acids showed moderate nematicidal activities, but the mixture of citric acid, malic acid, and fumaric acid did not exhibit the full nematicidal activity of the culture filtrate of EML- DML3PNa1. Bioassay-guided fractionation coupled with (1)H- and (13)C-NMR and EI-MS analyses led to identification of kojic acid as the major nematicidal metabolite. Kojic acid exhibited dose-dependent mortality and inhibited the hatchability of M. incognita, showing EC50 values of 195.2 µg/ml and 238.3 µg/ml, respectively, at 72 h postexposure. These results suggest that A. oryzae EML-DML3PNa1 and kojic acid have potential as a biological control agent against M. incognita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Yoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeong Jang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jeong Jeon
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Burm Lee
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - In Seon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Woong Park
- World Institute of Kimchi, an Annex of Korea Food Research Institute, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Lee JG, Park S, Bae CH, Jang WS, Lee SJ, Lee DN, Myung JK, Kim CH, Jin YW, Lee SS, Shim S. Development of a minipig model for lung injury induced by a single high-dose radiation exposure and evaluation with thoracic computed tomography. J Radiat Res 2016; 57:201-209. [PMID: 26712795 PMCID: PMC4915533 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrv088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) due to nuclear or radiological exposure remains difficult to treat because of insufficient clinical data. The goal of this study was to establish an appropriate and efficient minipig model and introduce a thoracic computed tomography (CT)-based method to measure the progression of RILI. Göttingen minipigs were allocated to control and irradiation groups. The most obvious changes in the CT images after irradiation were peribronchial opacification, interlobular septal thickening, and lung volume loss. Hounsfield units (HU) in the irradiation group reached a maximum level at 6 weeks and decreased thereafter, but remained higher than those of the control group. Both lung area and cardiac right lateral shift showed significant changes at 22 weeks post irradiation. The white blood cell (WBC) count, a marker of pneumonitis, increased and reached a maximum at 6 weeks in both peripheral blood and bronchial alveolar lavage fluid. Microscopic findings at 22 weeks post irradiation were characterized by widening of the interlobular septum, with dense fibrosis and an increase in the radiation dose-dependent fibrotic score. Our results also showed that WBC counts and microscopic findings were positively correlated with the three CT parameters. In conclusion, the minipig model can provide useful clinical data regarding RILI caused by the adverse effects of high-dose radiotherapy. Peribronchial opacification, interlobular septal thickening, and lung volume loss are three quantifiable CT parameters that can be used as a simple method for monitoring the progression of RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Geol Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, KIRAMS, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joo Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dal Nim Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Myung
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, KIRAMS, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hyeon Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, KIRAMS, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Jin
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sook Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, KIRAMS, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Shim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure and Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yu JN, Noh EY, Bae CH, Lim CE, Kim S. Complete mitogenome sequences of a Korean spine loach, Iksookimia koreensis(Kim, 1975). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.982559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bae CH, Jeong YW, Lee JH. Analysis of muscle activations in lower extremities muscles at various angles of ankle flexion using wedges during static squat exercise. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2853-5. [PMID: 26504309 PMCID: PMC4616110 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate changes in activation of the rectus femoris,
biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius muscles during one-legged squats
performed at various angles of ankle flexion. With the use of wedges, the muscles were
activated at different angles of ankle flexion angles to establish the appropriate posture
necessary for muscle strengthening and rehabilitation. [Subjects and Methods] Healthy
adults aged 20–40 years were recruited from Good Morning Hospital in Ulsan City. Of the 22
participants, two dropped out during the tests, leaving a final sample of 20 participants.
The wedges were 100 mm wide and 200 mm long and had inclinations of 10°, 30°, and 50°. EMG
Analyzer software was used to measure muscle activation. [Results] A significant
difference in the activation of the rectus femoris muscle at various angles of ankle
flexion was seen. The gastrocnemius muscle exhibited significant differences in activation
among the 0°–30°, 0°–50°, and 10°–50° inclinations. [Conclusion] Wedge-assisted muscle
activation under different ankle flexion angles can be introduced as an effective exercise
option under clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Physical Therapy, Youngsan University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Woo Jeong
- Department of Physical Therapy, KwangJu Women's University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Medical & Public Health, Kyungdong University, Republic of Korea
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Yu JN, Noh EY, Bae CH, Lim CE, Kim S. Complete mitogenome sequences of a Korean spine loach, Iksookimia koreensis (Kim, 1975). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2015; 27:2065-6. [PMID: 26305162 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.982558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present the complete mitogenome sequences from a Korean spine loach (Iksookimia koreensis Kim 1975), an endemic species of Korea. The total length of mitogenome was 16 563 bp, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and one control region (D-loop). Except for ND6 and eight tRNA genes, all of the other mitochondrial genes were encoded on the heavy strand. The control region harbored conserved sequence blocks (CSB-D, E, F, CSB-1, CBS-2 and CBS-3) and TA-nucleotide microsatellite repeats in its 3' end. Our complete mitogenomes will be valuable resources for phylogeny, genetics and conservation of the genus Iksookimia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Nam Yu
- a National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex , Incheon , Korea
| | - Eun-Young Noh
- a National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex , Incheon , Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- a National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex , Incheon , Korea
| | - Chae-Eun Lim
- a National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex , Incheon , Korea
| | - Soonok Kim
- a National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex , Incheon , Korea
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Cho ES, Kim TH, Bae CH. Response to Letter to the Editor, "Osterix Regulates Tooth Root Formation in a Site-specific Manner". J Dent Res 2015; 94:1327. [PMID: 26149319 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515593745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E S Cho
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
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Abstract
Wnt signaling plays an essential role in the dental epithelium and mesenchyme during tooth morphogenesis. However, it remains unclear if Wnt ligands, produced from dental mesenchyme, are necessary for odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. Here, we show that odontoblast-specific disruption of Wntless (Wls), a chaperon protein that regulates Wnt sorting and secretion, leads to severe defects in dentin formation and root elongation. Dentin thickness decreased remarkably and pulp chambers enlarged in the mandibular molars of OC-Cre;Wls(CO/CO) mice. Although the initial odontoblast differentiation was normal in the mutant crown, odontoblasts became cuboidal and dentin thickness was reduced. In immunohistochemistry, Wnt10a, β-catenin, type I collagen, and dentin sialoprotein were significantly down-regulated in the odontoblasts of mutant crown. In addition, roots were short and root canals were widened. Cell proliferation was reduced in the developing root apex of mutant molars. Furthermore, Wnt10a and Axin2 expression was remarkably decreased in the odontoblasts of mutant roots. Deletion of the Wls gene in odontoblasts appears to reduce canonical Wnt activity, leading to inhibition of odontoblast maturation and root elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Bae
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - S O Ko
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - J C Lee
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - X Yang
- Genetic Laboratory of Development and Disease, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - E S Cho
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
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Abstract
Bone and dentin share similar biochemical compositions and physiological properties. Dentin, a major tooth component, is formed by odontoblasts; in contrast, bone is produced by osteoblasts. Osterix (Osx), a zinc finger-containing transcription factor, has been identified as an essential regulator of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. However, it has been difficult to establish whether Osx functions in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. To understand the role of Osx in dentin formation, we analyzed mice in which Osx was subjected to tissue-specific ablation under the control of either the Col1a1 or the OC promoter. Two independent Osx conditional knockout mice exhibited similar molar abnormalities. Although no phenotype was found in the crowns of these teeth, both mutant lines exhibited short molar roots due to impaired root elongation. Furthermore, the interradicular dentin in these mice showed severe hypoplastic features, which were likely caused by disruptions in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. These phenotypes were closely related to the temporospatial expression pattern of Osx during tooth development. These findings indicate that Osx is required for root formation by regulating odontoblast differentiation, maturation, and root elongation. Cumulatively, our data strongly indicate that Osx is a site-specific regulator in tooth root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Kim
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - C H Bae
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - J C Lee
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - X Yang
- Genetic Laboratory of Development and Disease, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - B de Crombrugghe
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E S Cho
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
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Jun YL, Bae CH, Kim D, Koo S, Kim S. Korean Red Ginseng protects dopaminergic neurons by suppressing the cleavage of p35 to p25 in a Parkinson's disease mouse model. J Ginseng Res 2014; 39:148-54. [PMID: 26045688 PMCID: PMC4452523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ginseng is known to have antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The present study investigated a possible role of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in suppressing dopaminergic neuronal cell death and the cleavage of p35 to p25 in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (ST) using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model. Methods Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with 30 mg/kg of MPTP at 24-h intervals for 5 d, and then administered KRG (1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 100 mg/kg) once a day for 12 consecutive days from the first injection. Pole tests were performed to assess the motor function of the mice, dopaminergic neuronal survival in the SN and ST was evaluated using tyrosine hydroxylase-immunohistochemistry, and the expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), p35, and p25 in the SN and ST were measured using Western blotting. Results MPTP administration caused behavioral impairment, dopaminergic neuronal death, increased Cdk5 and p25 expression, and decreased p35 expression in the nigrostriatal system of mice, whereas KRG dose-dependently alleviated these MPTP-induced changes. Conclusion These results indicate that KRG can inhibit MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal death and suppress the cleavage of p35 to p25 in the SN and the ST, suggesting a possible role for KRG in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lee Jun
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dongsoo Kim
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sungtae Koo
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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Park SU, Kong H, Shin DJ, Bae CH, Lee SC, Bae CH, Rha ES, Kim HH. Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach. Cryo Letters 2014; 35:138-144. [PMID: 24869646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure. Hence, we need to properly control the concentration /composition of the cryoprotectant solutions. OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions. METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions. RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%. A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth. Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery. In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress. CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Un Park
- Division of Plant Science and Resources, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kong
- Dept. of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Shin
- Species Restoration Center, Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- National Institute of Biological Resources, 42 Nanji-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sheong-Chun Lee
- Dept. of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Chang-Hyu Bae
- Dept. of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea Dept. of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
| | | | - Haeng-Hoon Kim
- Dept. of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea.
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Cho SH, Bae CH, Gak HB. Effects of closed kinetic chain exercises on proprioception and functional scores of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Phys Ther Sci 2013; 25:1239-41. [PMID: 24259766 PMCID: PMC3820198 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.25.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of closed kinetic chain exercises performed by an unstable exercise group (UEG) and a stable exercise group (SEG) on the knee joint, proprioception, and functional scores of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. [Subjects] Twenty-eight patients participated in this study. The exclusion criteria were fracture or neurological disease. [Methods] The subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups, each with 14 people. Each group took part in a 60-minute exercise program, three times a week for six weeks. [Results] The results of the clinical evaluation at 45°proprioception showed statistically significant differences between the two groups. The results of the clinical evaluation at 15°proprioception showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. [Conclusion] The proprioception and functional scores of the patients in the UEG who underwent ACL reconstruction were superior to those in the SEG group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyoun Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate school of Physical Therapy, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
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Kim HH, Popova EV, Shin DJ, Bae CH, Baek HJ, Park SU, Engelmann F. Development of a droplet-vitrification protocol for cryopreservation of Rubia akane (Nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach. Cryo Letters 2012; 33:506-517. [PMID: 23250410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A systematic approach using a set of 13 treatments was applied to develop a droplet-vitrification protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, based on their responses to preculture, loading, dehydration and cooling/rewarming steps. The roots were very sensitive to osmotic stress induced by both preculture in liquid sucrose-enriched medium (up to 0.5 M sucrose) and by dehydration with highly concentrated vitrification solutions (VSs). Loading was necessary before dehydration of explants with VS, and the composition of the loading solution (LS) significantly affected their post-cryopreservation regeneration. Due to high sensitivity of roots to both chemical cytotoxicity and osmotic stress produced by VSs, cryoprotection with alternative VSs, i.e. B5-80 percent (40 percent glycerol + 40 percent sucrose, w/v) at room temperature for 15 min or with A3-70 percent (29.2 percent glycerol + 11.7 percent DMSO + 11.7 percent EG + 17.4 percent sucrose, w/v) at 0 degree C for 20 min ensured the highest post-cryopreservation regeneration. However, when using these solutions, endothermic peaks (enthalpies) with -2.9 and -5.8 J per gram fresh weight, respectively, were recorded by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) during the rewarming phase. Droplet-vitrification using foil strips showed higher post-cryopreservation regeneration (86 percent) compared with vitrification in cryovials (59 percent), possibly due to the higher cooling and rewarming rates achieved with droplet-vitrification. The developed protocol was applied to hairy roots of five other species with minor modifications in explant type, the duration of the last subculture before explant excision, and the dehydration duration with VS B5-80 percent.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, RDA-NAAS, Suwon, Korea
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Bae CH, Lee JY, Kim TH, Baek JA, Lee JC, Yang X, Taketo MM, Jiang R, Cho ES. Excessive Wnt/β-catenin signaling disturbs tooth-root formation. J Periodontal Res 2012; 48:405-10. [PMID: 23050778 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Wingless-type MMTV integration site family (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling plays an essential role in cellular differentiation and matrix formation during skeletal development. However, little is known about its role in tooth-root formation. In a previous study, we found excessive formation of dentin and cementum in mice with constitutive β-catenin stabilization in the dental mesenchyme. In the present study we analyzed the molar roots of these mice to investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in root formation in more detail. MATERIAL AND METHODS We generated OC-Cre:Catnb(+/lox(ex3)) mice by intercrossing Catnb(+/lox(ex3)) and OC-Cre mice, and we analyzed their mandibular molars using radiography, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS OC-Cre:Catnb(+/lox(ex3)) mice showed impaired root formation. At the beginning of root formation in mutant molars, dental papilla cells did not show normal differentiation into odontoblasts; rather, they were prematurely differentiated and had a disorganized arrangement. Interestingly, SMAD family member 4 was upregulated in premature odontoblasts. In 4-wk-old mutant mice, molar roots were about half the length of those in their wild-type littermates. In contrast to excessively formed dentin in crown, root dentin was thin and hypomineralized in mutant mice. Biglycan and dentin sialophosphoprotein were downregulated in root dentin of mutant mice, whereas dentin matrix protein 1 and Dickkopf-related protein 1 were upregulated. Additionally, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 was significantly downregulated in the cementoblasts of mutant molars. Finally, in the cementum of mutant mice, bone sialoprotein was downregulated but Dickkopf-related protein 2 was upregulated. CONCLUSION These results suggest that temporospatial regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in cell differentiation and matrix formation during root and cementum formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Bae
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea
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Bae CH, Cho SH, HwangBo G. Effects of Different Cool-down Exercise Methods on Muscle Strength and Endurance of the Lower Extremities. International Journal of Contents 2012. [DOI: 10.5392/ijoc.2012.8.2.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Pothier DD, Bae CH, Das-Purkayastha PK, Rutka JA. Avoiding a neurosurgical approach: the transmastoid repair of semi-circular canal dehiscence with magnetic scleral search coil measurement of postoperative vestibular function. Clin Otolaryngol 2010; 35:156-8. [PMID: 20500597 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2010.02088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bae CH, Szalanski AL, Robbins RT. Genetic variation of Hoplolaimus columbus populations in the United States using PCR-RFLP analysis of nuclear rDNA ITS regions. J Nematol 2009; 41:187-93. [PMID: 22736813 PMCID: PMC3380495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hoplolaimus columbus is an important nematode pest which causes economic loss of crops including corn, cotton, and soybean in the Southeastern United States. DNA sequences of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of ribosomal DNA from H. columbus were aligned and analyzed to characterize intraspecific genetic variation between eleven populations collected from Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina. In comparative sequence analysis with clones from either one or two individuals obtained from the eleven populations, we found variability existed among clones from an individual and that clonal diversity observed from within individuals was verified by PCR-RFLP. PCR-RFLP analysis with Rsa I and Msp I restriction enzymes yielded several fragments on 3.0% agarose gel that corresponded to different haplotypes in all populations and the sum of digested products exceeded the length of undigested PCR products, which revealed that ITS heterogeneity existed in a genome of H. columbus. This indicates that heterogeneity may play a role in the evolution of this parthenogenetic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Bae
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
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Robbins RT, Bae CH, Ye W, Pedram M. Xiphinema bernardi n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from the Great Smoky Mountain National Park. J Nematol 2009; 41:111-119. [PMID: 22661783 PMCID: PMC3365308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In October 1985 during a survey of fauna of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Ernest Bernard recovered a limited number of specimens of a non-described species of Xiphinema (Nematoda: Longidoridae) and sent them to the senior author. The species is distinct from other species by its large size and having Z-organs in the genital tract. During July 2006, Dr. Bernard's survey crew took samples in the area where the species was first found and was successful in finding it again. Without Dr. Bernard's efforts, this species could not have been described and thus the new species is named X. bernardi n. sp. in his honor. Several female and juvenile specimens of the new species were recovered in a sample from a mixed forest of maple, hemlock, and silverbell. It is distinct from all others in Xiphinema group 4 species (with Z-organs) by having a longer total stylet length, 259.8 to 284.2 μm vs < 253 μm for all other species in this group. Xiphinema bernardi n. sp. is distinctive because of its long body length (4.45 to 6.00 mm), tail shape, and c' ratio. Of the group 4 species, it most closely resembles X. phoenicis. Second, third and fourth stage juvenile descriptions and morphometrics are included. The polytomous key code for X. bernardi n. sp. is A4-B1-C6-D56-E56-F(4)5-G4-H2-I34-J5-K?-L1. Molecular approaches using the internal transcribed spacer 1 sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA suggested that X. bakeri and X. diversicaudatum are the most closely related species from the species examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. T. Robbins
- Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, 2601 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR72704, USA. E-mail: Research Scientist, Nematologist, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea Nematologist, Section Chief, Nematode Assay Section, Agronomic Division, North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, 2601 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR72704, USA. E-mail: Research Scientist, Nematologist, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea Nematologist, Section Chief, Nematode Assay Section, Agronomic Division, North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Weimin Ye
- Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, 2601 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR72704, USA. E-mail: Research Scientist, Nematologist, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea Nematologist, Section Chief, Nematode Assay Section, Agronomic Division, North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Pedram
- Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, 2601 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR72704, USA. E-mail: Research Scientist, Nematologist, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea Nematologist, Section Chief, Nematode Assay Section, Agronomic Division, North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Bae CH, Szalanski AL, Robbins RT. Phylogenetic Analysis of the Hoplolaiminae Inferred from Combined D2 and D3 Expansion Segments of 28S rDNA. J Nematol 2009; 41:28-34. [PMID: 22661775 PMCID: PMC3365300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2009] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA sequences of the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S gene of ribosomal DNA from 23 taxa of the subfamily Hoplolaiminae were obtained and aligned to infer phylogenetic relationships. The D2 and D3 expansion regions are G-C rich (59.2%), with up to 20.7% genetic divergence between Scutellonema brachyurum and Hoplolaimus concaudajuvencus. Molecular phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony was conducted using the D2-D3 sequence data. Of 558 characters, 254 characters (45.5%) were variable and 198 characters (35.4%) were parsimony informative. All phylogenetic methods produced a similar topology with two distinct clades: One clade consists of all Hoplolaimus species while the other clade consists of the rest of the studied Hoplolaiminae genera. This result suggests that Hoplolaimus is monophyletic. Another clade consisted of Aorolaimus, Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchus, and Scutellonema species. Phylogenetic analysis using the outgroup species Globodera rostocheinsis suggests that Hoplolaiminae is paraphyletic. In this study, the D2-D3 region had levels of DNA sequence divergence sufficient for phylogenetic analysis and delimiting species of Hoplolaiminae.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Bae
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea. Former Ph. D. student: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701. Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
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Robbins R, Szalanski A, Bae CH. Molecular identification of some Hoplolaimus species from the USA based on duplex PCR, multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP analysis. NEMATOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1163/156854109x447042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTwo different molecular approaches, a multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP of ITS-rDNA, were developed for the identification of Hoplolaimus species. DNA sequences of H. columbus, H. galeatus, H. concaudajuvencus, H. magnistylus, H. seinhorsti and three undescribed Hoplolaimus species were used to design species-specific primers. Three reverse species-specific PCR primers for H. columbus, H. galeatus and H. magnistylus were developed using the ITS1 region exhibiting interspecific variation. Three species-specific PCR primers in combination with the forward primer, Hoc-1f, produced distinct amplicons of 580 bp for H. columbus, 120 bp for H. galeatus and 340 bp for H. magnistylus. We successfully identified each of three species by multiplex PCR when all three were mixed in a single PCR reaction. Restriction enzyme digests of the PCR amplicon using HaeIII and RsaI permitted discrimination of H. columbus, H. galeatus, H. magnistylus, H. concaudajuvencus, H. sp. 1, H. sp. 2 and H. sp. 3 from each other. These results suggest that these molecular techniques allow for rapid, easy and reliable identification of Hoplolaimus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Robbins
- 1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;,
| | - Allen Szalanski
- 2Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- 3National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Bae CH, Koyama F. Fabrication and characterization of hollow waveguide optical switch with variable air core. Opt Express 2005; 13:3259-3263. [PMID: 19495227 DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.003259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel hollow waveguide optical switch composed of an multi-mode interference (MMI) coupler with a variable air core. The numerical simulation and experiment of the proposed optical switch is carried out for investigating the operation of the switch. Switching operation can be obtained by the mechanical displacement of the air core of an MMI hollow waveguide. A hollow waveguide consists of Au mirrors deposited on two GaAs substrates for optical confinement. The measured result shows a possibility of switching of about 85% optical power fraction with a switch length of 1.1 mm and small displacement (DeltaDcore=3 mum) of an air core thickness. The measured insertion losses of a 1.1 mm long hollow waveguide with 12 and 9 mum air core are 5.4 dB and 5.7 dB, respectively.
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Suh JS, Bae CH. Epstein-Bar Virus and Head and Neck Cancer. Yeungnam Univ J Med 1997. [DOI: 10.12701/yujm.1997.14.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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