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Xiao C, Liu X, Pan Y, Li Y, Qin L, Yan Z, Feng Y, Zhao M, Huang M. Tailored UPRE2 variants for dynamic gene regulation in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315729121. [PMID: 38687789 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315729121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic elements are foundational in synthetic biology serving as vital building blocks. They enable programming host cells for efficient production of valuable chemicals and recombinant proteins. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a stress pathway in which the transcription factor Hac1 interacts with the upstream unfolded protein response element (UPRE) of the promoter to restore endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis. Here, we created a UPRE2 mutant (UPRE2m) library. Several rounds of screening identified many elements with enhanced responsiveness and a wider dynamic range. The most active element m84 displayed a response activity 3.72 times higher than the native UPRE2. These potent elements are versatile and compatible with various promoters. Overexpression of HAC1 enhanced stress signal transduction, expanding the signal output range of UPRE2m. Through molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis, we pinpointed the DNA-binding residue Lys60 in Hac1(Hac1-K60). We also confirmed that UPRE2m exhibited a higher binding affinity to Hac1. This shed light on the mechanism underlying the Hac1-UPRE2m interaction. Importantly, applying UPRE2m for target gene regulation effectively increased both recombinant protein production and natural product synthesis. These genetic elements provide valuable tools for dynamically regulating gene expression in yeast cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiufang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yuyang Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yanling Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ling Qin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhibo Yan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yunzi Feng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Wang Z, Yang M, Li S, Chi H, Wang J, Xiao C. [A transcriptomic analysis of correlation between mitochondrial function and energy metabolism remodeling in mice with myocardial fibrosis following myocardial infarction]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2024; 44:666-674. [PMID: 38708499 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.04.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of mitochondrial respiratory function during myocardial fibrosis in mice with myocardial infarction (MI) and its correlation with the increase of glycolytic flux. METHODS Forty C57BL/6N mice were randomized into two equal groups to receive sham operation or ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce acute MI. At 28 days after the operation, 5 mice from each group were euthanized and left ventricular tissue samples were collected for transcriptomic sequencing. FPKM method was used to calculate gene expression levels to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MI mice, which were analyzed using GO and KEGG databases to determine the pathways affecting the disease process. Heat maps were drawn to show the differential expressions of the pathways and the related genes in the enrichment analysis. In primary cultures of neonatal mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), the changes in mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis levels in response to treatment with the pro-fibrotic agonist TGF-β1 were analyzed using Seahorse experiment. RESULTS The mouse models of MI showed significantly increased diastolic and systolic left ventricular diameter (P < 0.05) and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (P < 0.0001). A total of 124 up-regulated and 106 down-regulated DEGs were identified in the myocardial tissues of MI mice, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in fatty acid metabolism, organelles and other metabolic pathways and in the mitochondria. Heat maps revealed fatty acid beta oxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased glycolysis levels in MI mice. In the primary culture of CFs, treatment with TGF-β1 significantly reduced the basal and maximum respiratory levels and increased the basal and maximum glycolysis levels (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION During myocardial fibrosis, energy metabolism remodeling occurs in the CFs, manifested by lowered mitochondrial function and increased energy generation through glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - M Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - S Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - H Chi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - C Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
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Pan Y, Yan Z, Xue S, Xiao C, Li G, Lou W, Huang M. Optimizing the Biosynthesis of Dihydroquercetin from Naringenin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:4880-4887. [PMID: 38386432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Dihydroquercetin (DHQ), known for its varied physiological benefits, is widely used in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. However, the efficiency of the DHQ synthesis is significantly limited by the substantial accumulation of intermediates during DHQ biosynthesis. In this study, DHQ production was achieved by integrating genes from various organisms into the yeast chromosome for the expression of flavanone-3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid-3'-hydroxylase, and cytochrome P450 reductase. A computer-aided protein design approach led to the development of optimal F3H mutant P221A, resulting in a 1.67-fold increase in DHQ yield from naringenin (NAR) compared with the control. Subsequently, by analysis of the enzyme reaction and optimization of the culture medium composition, 637.29 ± 20.35 mg/L DHQ was synthesized from 800 mg/L NAR. This corresponds to a remarkable conversion rate of 71.26%, one of the highest reported values for DHQ synthesis from NAR to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhibo Yan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Songlyu Xue
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Chufan Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Guangjian Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Wenyong Lou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Li Y, Xiao C, Pan Y, Qin L, Zheng L, Zhao M, Huang M. Optimization of Protein Folding for Improved Secretion of Human Serum Albumin Fusion Proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:18414-18423. [PMID: 37966975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The successful expression and secretion of recombinant proteins in cell factories significantly depend on the correct folding of nascent peptides, primarily achieved through disulfide bond formation. Thus, optimizing cellular protein folding is crucial, especially for proteins with complex spatial structures. In this study, protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) from various species were introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae to facilitate proper disulfide bond formation and enhance recombinant protein secretion. The impacts of these PDIs on recombinant protein production and yeast growth metabolism were evaluated by substituting the endogenous PDI1. Heterologous PDIs cannot fully compensate the endogenous PDI. Furthermore, protein folding mediators, PDI and ER oxidoreductase 1 (Ero1), from different species were used to increase the production of complex human serum albumin (HSA) fusion proteins. The validated folding mediators were then introduced into unfolded protein response (UPR)-optimized strains, resulting in a 7.8-fold increase in amylase-HSA and an 18.2-fold increase in albiglutide compared with the control strain. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing protein folding and expressing HSA-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Chufan Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuyang Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ling Qin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Chen X, Wang M, Wu F, Lu J, Xiao C, Wu M, Yu J, Chen D. Overcoming Radio-Immunotherapy Treatment Resistance through ILT4 Blockade and Reversal of HFRT Induced CXCL1-CXCR2 Axis Activation and Tumor-Associated Macrophage Immunosuppression. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S72-S73. [PMID: 37784562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy (iRT) has unlimited potential, but up to 60% of cancer patients do not benefit from it. Enhancing the anti-tumor immune stimulatory effect triggered by radiotherapy is the key to overcome iRT resistance. Immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) 4 is a potential immune checkpoint molecule, highly expressed in various tumor cells, but its role in radiotherapy is still unknown. This study confirmed the role and molecular mechanism of ILT4 in suppressing radiotherapy immunosuppressive microenvironment formation and promoting tumor radiotherapy resistance. We propose a new therapeutic strategy that block ILT4 to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy, and cooperate with radiotherapy to reverse immunotherapy resistance. MATERIALS/METHODS Using multiplex immunohistochemistry, we analyzed ILT4 expression, tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) /T cell phenotype and quantity in tumor patient treated with SBRT. Using mice subcutaneous tumor models, Single-cell RNA sequencing and multiplex flowcytometry, we assessed the role of ILT4 inhibition and hyper-fractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) on preventing tumor growth and immune escape. The molecular signaling and cytokines regulated by ILT4 under HFRT were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing and further verified by molecular experiments. By establishing cancer cell/TAM co-culture system in vitro, using CXCL1 protein or CXCR2 inhibitor and macrophage/CD8+ T cell deletion antibody in vivo, we identified the downstream pathway and cytokine of ILT4 to enhancing HFRT -induced TAM immune response. RESULTS In the tumor specimens of NSCLC patients treated with SBRT, we found that high ILT4 expression predicted poor progression-free survival and more M2-TAM recruitment. Among the C57BL/6 mice model, ILT4 inhibition in cancer cells reduced HFRT mediated M2-TAMs accumulation, and to sustain activation and proliferation of CD8+ T cells, and eventually suppressed tumor progression. Mechanistically, RT promoted ILT4 expression, which subsequently induced NF-κB pathway activation and CXCL1 secretion to enhance M2-TAMs migration in vitro. Using CXCL1 protein or CXCR2 inhibitor administration, inferring that ILT4 promotes TAMs migration via NF-κB-CXCL1-CXCR2 axis. Consistently, depletion of TAMs blocked the T cell function impairment and radiotherapy resistance induced by ILT4 in vivo. Importantly, targeting ILT4 potentiated the effect of radiotherapy, overcomes radio-immunotherapy treatment resistance. CONCLUSION ILT4 mediates HFRT-induced M2-like TAMs recruitment and subsequently T cell response impairment by regulating NF-κB-CXCL1-CXCR2 axis. ILT4 is an attractive drug target for enhancing radiotherapy and overcomes radio-immunotherapy treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - M Wang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - F Wu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - J Lu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - C Xiao
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - M Wu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - J Yu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - D Chen
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Xiao C, Xie X, Chen X, Chen M, Lu J, Zhang X, Wei L, Wu M, Yu J, Chen D. RUNX1 as a Potential Target for Combined Radioimmunotherapy of Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e268. [PMID: 37785017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Radioimmunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer has good clinical application prospects. The role and mechanism of RUNX1 in DNA damage repair were explored for its potential role in lung adenocarcinoma radioimmunotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS To study the effect of RUNX1 expression level on the expression of DNA damage repair system related factors and radiation sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells. As an important nuclear transcription factor, RUNX1 was explored whether directly regulating the expression of Nrf2, Rad51, BRCA1, and verifying their respective DNA binding sites in the promoter region through relevant databases. To observe the effect of RUNX1 knockout and overexpression on the expression level of PD-L1 in tumor cells at the cell level; The effect of RUNX1 expression level on the sorting and presentation of PD-L1 cells was investigated by the method of nucleocytoplasmic separation. According to literature reports, CMTM6 and ALIX play a key role in the process of PD-L1 cell sorting and presentation, and explore whether RUNX1 plays a role through this factor. The effect of phosphorylation level of different splicing bodies of RUNX1 (RUNX1a/b/c) on the expression level and DNA damage repair system related factors on tumor radiosensitivity were also explored. RESULTS According to TCGA database, RUNX1 is highly expressed and phosphorylated in lung adenocarcinoma. Through gene comparison with the database, it was found that RUNX1 binding sites existed in the promoter region of several factors related to this study, including ALIX, Nrf2, BRCA1, RAD51, ATM, H2AX, etc. After being activated by MAPKp38 phosphorylation, RUNX1a can positively regulate Nrf2 signal pathway. The expression of RUNX1 and p-RUNX1 is time-dependent on ionizing radiation. At the same time, it was found that the expression of RUNX1 and p-RUNX1 was dose-dependent on ionizing radiation, and the expression trend of Nrf2 signal pathway related factors was consistent with RUNX1. RUNX1 regulates the expression of PD-L1, BRCA1, ALIX and Nrf2. Bioinformatics analysis and flow cytometry data show that RUNX1 has inhibitory effect on tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION RUNX1 regulates DNA damage repair system and has inhibitory effect on tumor immunity. Inhibiting the expression of RUNX1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells can enhance the effect of radioimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiao
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - X Xie
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - X Chen
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - M Chen
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - J Lu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - X Zhang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - L Wei
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - M Wu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - J Yu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - D Chen
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Fan J, Sun Y, Liang B, Zhang X, Xiao C, Huang Z. [Role of gut microbiota in perioperative neurocognitive disorders after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in rats with humanized gut flora]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:964-969. [PMID: 37439168 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether gut microbiota disturbance after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) contributes to the development of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). METHODS Fecal samples were collected from healthy individuals and patients with PND after CPB to prepare suspensions of fecal bacteria, which were transplanted into the colorectum of two groups of pseudo-germ-free adult male SD rats (group NP and group P, respectively), with the rats without transplantation as the control group (n=10). The feces of the rats were collected for macrogenomic sequencing analysis, and serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were measured with ELISA. The expression levels of GFAP and p-Tau protein in the hippocampus of the rats were detected using Western blotting, and the cognitive function changes of the rats were assessed with Morris water maze test. RESULTS In all the 3 groups, macrogenomic sequencing analysis showed clustering and clear partitions of the gut microbiota after the transplantation. The relative abundances of Klebsiella in the control group (P < 0.005), Akkermansia in group P (P < 0.005) and Bacteroides in group NP (P < 0.005) were significantly increased after the transplantation. Compared with those in the control group, the rats in group NP and group P showed significantly decreased serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and lowered expression levels of GFAP and p-Tau proteins (all P < 0.05). Escape platform crossings and swimming duration in the interest quadrant increased significantly in group NP (P < 0.05), but the increase was not statistically significant in group N. Compared with those in group P, the rats in group NP had significantly lower serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and protein expressions of GFAP and p-Tau (all P < 0.05) with better performance in water maze test (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In patients receiving CPB, disturbances in gut mirobiota contributes to the development of PND possibly in relation with inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - B Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - C Xiao
- Health Service Team, No.96852 Troop of PLA, Shenyang 110124, China
| | - Z Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
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Xiao C, Xue S, Pan Y, Liu X, Huang M. Overexpression of genes by stress-responsive promoters increases protein secretion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:203. [PMID: 37209206 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins produced by cell factories are now widely used in various fields. Many efforts have been made to improve the secretion capacity of cell factories to meet the increasing demand for recombinant proteins. Recombinant protein production usually causes cell stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The overexpression of key genes possibly removes limitations in protein secretion. However, inappropriate gene expression may have negative effects. There is a need for dynamic control of genes adapted to cellular status. In this study, we constructed and characterized synthetic promoters that were inducible under ER stress conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The unfolded protein response element UPRE2, responding to stress with a wide dynamic range, was assembled with various promoter core regions, resulting in UPR-responsive promoters. Synthetic responsive promoters regulated gene expression by responding to stress level, which reflected the cellular status. The engineered strain using synthetic responsive promoters P4UPRE2 - TDH3 and P4UPRE2 - TEF1 for co-expression of ERO1 and SLY1 had 95% higher α-amylase production compared with the strain using the native promoters PTDH3 and PTEF1. This work showed that UPR-responsive promoters were useful in the metabolic engineering of yeast strains for tuning genes to support efficient protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Songlyu Xue
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yuyang Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Xiufang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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Zheng Y, Zhong H, Zhao F, Zhou H, Mao C, Lv W, Yuan M, Qian J, Jiang H, Wang Z, Xiao C, Guo J, Liu T, Liu W, Wang ZM, Li B, Xia M, Xu N. First-in-human, phase I study of AK109, an anti-VEGFR2 antibody in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101156. [PMID: 36989884 PMCID: PMC10163150 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) plays a key role in antiangiogenesis which has been an essential strategy for cancer treatment. We report the first-in-human study of AK109, a novel anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody, to characterize the safety profile and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) properties, and explore the preliminary antitumor efficacy in patients with solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a multicenter, open-label, phase I study, including dose escalation and dose expansion (NCT04547205). Patients with advanced cancers were treated 2 and 3 weekly with escalating doses of AK109. A 3 + 3 design was used to determine the maximum tolerated dose. Blood was sampled for PK/PD analysis. The primary endpoint was safety and recommended phase II dose (RP2D). RESULTS A total of 40 patients were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed. However, 38 patients reported treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs); grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 10 patients. The most common TRAEs were proteinuria (n = 24, 60%), hypertension (n = 13, 32.5%), increased aspartate transaminase (n = 11, 27.5%), thrombopenia (n = 10, 25%), and anemia (n = 10, 25%). A total of 28 patients (70%) reported adverse events of special interest (AESIs). The most common AESIs were proteinuria (60%), hypertension (32.5%), and hemorrhage (32.5%), mainly including gum bleeding and urethrorrhagia. AK109 exhibited an approximately linear PK exposure with dose escalation at 2-12 mg/kg. PD analyses showed rapid target engagement. Among the 40 patients, 4 achieved partial response and 21 achieved stable disease with an objective response rate of 10% and a disease control rate of 62.5%. Based on the safety profile, the PK/PD profile, and preliminary antitumor activities, 12 mg/kg Q2W and 15 mg/kg Q3W were selected as RP2D. CONCLUSIONS AK109 showed manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity, supporting further clinical development in a large population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - H Zhong
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou
| | - F Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu
| | - H Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu
| | - C Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - W Lv
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou
| | - M Yuan
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou
| | - J Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - H Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - Z Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu
| | - C Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - J Guo
- Akeso Biopharma, Inc., Zhongshan, China
| | - T Liu
- Akeso Biopharma, Inc., Zhongshan, China
| | - W Liu
- Akeso Biopharma, Inc., Zhongshan, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Akeso Biopharma, Inc., Zhongshan, China
| | - B Li
- Akeso Biopharma, Inc., Zhongshan, China
| | - M Xia
- Akeso Biopharma, Inc., Zhongshan, China
| | - N Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou.
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Xing L, Yu J, Zhao R, Yang W, Guo Y, Li J, Xiao C, Ren Y, Dong L, Lv D, Zhao L, Lin Y, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhang A, Wang Y, Jiang D, Liu A, Ma C. 125P Real-world treatment patterns in stage III NSCLC patients: Interim results of a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study (MOOREA). J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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11
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Zhang L, Zhang W, Wu X, Cui H, Yan P, Yang C, Zhao X, Xiao J, Xiao C, Tang M, Wang Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Zou Y, Zhang L, Yang Y, Yao Y, Li J, Liu Z, Yang C, Zhang B, Jiang X. A sex- and site-specific relationship between body mass index and osteoarthritis: evidence from observational and genetic analyses. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:819-828. [PMID: 36889626 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We primarily aimed to investigate whether there are phenotypic and genetic links underlying body mass index (BMI) and overall osteoarthritis (OA). We then intended to explore whether the relationships differ across sexes and sites. METHOD We first evaluated the phenotypic association between BMI and overall OA using data from the UK Biobank. We then investigated the genetic relationship leveraging summary statistics of the hitherto largest genome-wide association studies performed for BMI and overall OA. Finally, we repeated all analyses in a sex- (female, male) and site- (knee, hip, spine) specific manner. RESULTS Observational analysis suggested an increased hazard of diagnosed OA per 5 kg/m2 increment in BMI (hazard ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.37-1.39). A positive overall genetic correlation was observed for BMI and OA (rg = 0.43, P = 4.72 × 10-133), corroborated by 11 significant local signals. Cross-trait meta-analysis identified 34 pleiotropic loci shared between BMI and OA, of which seven were novel. Transcriptome-wide association study revealed 29 shared gene-tissue pairs, targeting nervous, digestive, and exo/endocrine systems. Mendelian randomization demonstrated a robust BMI-OA causal relationship (odds ratio = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.42-1.52). A similar pattern of effects was observed in sex- and site-specific analyses, with BMI affecting OA comparably in both sexes and most strongly in the knee. CONCLUSION Our work demonstrates an intrinsic relationship underlying BMI and overall OA, reflected by a pronounced phenotypic association, significant biological pleiotropy, and a putative causal link. Stratified analysis further reveals that the effects are distinct across sites and comparable across sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - H Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - P Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - C Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - C Xiao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - M Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Iatrical Polymer Material and Artificial Apparatus, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - C Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Guan H, Gul I, Xiao C, Ma S, Liang Y, Yu D, Liu Y, Liu H, Zhang CY, Li J, Qin P. Emergence, phylogeography, and adaptive evolution of mpox virus. New Microbes New Infect 2023; 52:101102. [PMID: 36815201 PMCID: PMC9937731 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2023.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mpox (Monkeypox) is a zoonotic disease caused by mpox virus (MPXV). A multi-country MPXV outbreak in non-endemic demographics was identified in May 2022. A systematic evaluation of MPXV evolutionary trajectory and genetic diversity could be a timely addition to the MPXV diagnostics and prophylaxis. Herein, we integrated a systematic evolution analysis including phylogenomic and phylogeographic, followed by an in-depth analysis of the adaptive evolution and amino acid variations in type I interferon binding protein (IFNα/βBP). Mutations in IFNα/βBP protein may impair its binding capacity, affecting the MPXV immune evasion strategy. Based on the equilibrated data, we found an evolutionary rate of 7.75 × 10 - 5 substitutions/site/year, and an earlier original time (2021.25) of the clade IIb. We further discovered significant genetic variations in MPXV genomes from different regions and obtained six plausible spread trajectories from its intricate viral flow network, implying that North America might have acted as a bridge for the spread of MPXV from Africa to other continents. We identified two amino acids under positive selection in the Rifampicin resistance protein and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) type-I membrane glycoprotein, indicating a role in adaptive evolution. Our research sheds light on the emergence, dispersal, and adaptive evolution of MPXV, providing theoretical support for mitigating and containing its expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Guan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ijaz Gul
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chufan Xiao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuyue Ma
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yingshan Liang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dongmei Yu
- School of Mechanical, Electrical & Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Food Inspection & Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Custom, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Food Inspection & Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Custom, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Can Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Juan Li
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peiwu Qin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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13
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ZENG J, Xiao C, Mo Y, Huang J, He J, Yang C, Chen F, Wang Q, Chen S, Wu Y, Wang L, Lu F, Liu L, Liu X, SU G. WCN23-0240 Assessment of physical activity by ActiGraphGT3X accelerometer and its risk factors in chronic kidney disease patients: a cross-sectional study from the PEAKING cohort. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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14
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Xue S, Liu X, Pan Y, Xiao C, Feng Y, Zheng L, Zhao M, Huang M. Comprehensive Analysis of Signal Peptides in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Reveals Features for Efficient Secretion. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2300302. [PMID: 36825761 PMCID: PMC9951282 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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15
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Xue S, Liu X, Pan Y, Xiao C, Feng Y, Zheng L, Zhao M, Huang M. Comprehensive Analysis of Signal Peptides in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals Features for Efficient Secretion. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2203433. [PMID: 36478443 PMCID: PMC9839866 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Signal peptides (SPs) are N-terminus sequences on the nascent polypeptide for protein export or localization delivery, which are essential for maintaining cell function. SPs are also employed as a key element for industrial production of secreted recombinant proteins. Yet, detailed information and rules about SPs and their cellular interactions are still not well understood. Here, systematic bioinformatics analysis and secretion capacity measurement of genome-wide SPs from the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae is performed. Several key features of SPs, including region properties, consensus motifs, evolutionary relationships, codon bias, e.g., are successfully revealed. Diverse cell metabolism can be trigged by using different SPs for heterologous protein secretion. Influences on SPs with different properties by chaperones can cause different secretory efficiencies. Protein secretion by the SP NCW2 in SEC72 deletion strain is 10 times than the control. These findings provide insights into the properties and functions of SPs and contribute to both fundamental research and industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlyu Xue
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
| | - Xiufang Liu
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
| | - Yuyang Pan
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
| | - Chufan Xiao
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
| | - Yunzi Feng
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research CenterGuangzhou510650China
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16
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Zhou C, Xu N, A. Xiong, Li W, Wang L, Wu F, Yu J, Mao C, Qian J, Zheng Y, Jiang H, Gao Y, Xiao C, Wang W, Zhuang W, Yang J, Sun J, Wang H, Chen Y. 86P Efficacy and safety of IBI110 (anti-LAG-3 mAb) in combination with sintilimab (anti-PD-1 mAb) in advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC): Updated results of the phase Ib study. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Liu Y, Lian L, Zhang E, Xu L, Xiao C, Zhong X, Li F, Jiang B, Dong Y, Ma L, Huang Q, Xu M, Zhang Y, Yu D, Yan C, Qin P. Mixed-UNet: Refined class activation mapping for weakly-supervised semantic segmentation with multi-scale inference. Front Comput Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2022.1036934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep learning techniques have shown great potential in medical image processing, particularly through accurate and reliable image segmentation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans or computed tomography (CT) scans, which allow the localization and diagnosis of lesions. However, training these segmentation models requires a large number of manually annotated pixel-level labels, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive, in contrast to image-level labels that are easier to obtain. It is imperative to resolve this problem through weakly-supervised semantic segmentation models using image-level labels as supervision since it can significantly reduce human annotation efforts. Most of the advanced solutions exploit class activation mapping (CAM). However, the original CAMs rarely capture the precise boundaries of lesions. In this study, we propose the strategy of multi-scale inference to refine CAMs by reducing the detail loss in single-scale reasoning. For segmentation, we develop a novel model named Mixed-UNet, which has two parallel branches in the decoding phase. The results can be obtained after fusing the extracted features from two branches. We evaluate the designed Mixed-UNet against several prevalent deep learning-based segmentation approaches on our dataset collected from the local hospital and public datasets. The validation results demonstrate that our model surpasses available methods under the same supervision level in the segmentation of various lesions from brain imaging.
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18
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Fan D, Yuan X, Wu W, Zhu R, Yang X, Liao Y, Ma Y, Xiao C, Chen C, Liu C, Wang H, Qin P. Self-shrinking soft demoulding for complex high-aspect-ratio microchannels. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5083. [PMID: 36038593 PMCID: PMC9424246 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microchannels are the essential elements in animals, plants, and various artificial devices such as soft robotics, wearable sensors, and organs-on-a-chip. However, three-dimensional (3D) microchannels with complex geometry and a high aspect ratio remain challenging to generate by conventional methods such as soft lithography, template dissolution, and matrix swollen processes, although they are widespread in nature. Here, we propose a simple and solvent-free fabrication method capable of producing monolithic microchannels with complex 3D structures, long length, and small diameter. A soft template and a peeling-dominant template removal process are introduced to the demoulding process, which is referred to as soft demoulding here. In combination with thermal drawing technology, microchannels with a small diameter (10 µm), a high aspect ratio (6000, length-to-diameter), and intricate 3D geometries are generated. We demonstrate the vast applicability and significant impact of this technology in multiple scenarios, including soft robotics, wearable sensors, soft antennas, and artificial vessels. Microchannels are the essential elements for the design of artificial devices but the fabrication of three dimensional (3D) microchannels with complex geometry and a high aspect ratio remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate a simple and solvent-free fabrication method capable of producing monolithic microchannels with complex 3D structures, long length, and small diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Renjie Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuxuan Liao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yunteng Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Chufan Xiao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Changyue Liu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China. .,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Peiwu Qin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China. .,Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China.
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Zhang Y, Xiao C, Li J, Song LX, Zhao YS, Zhao JG, Chang CK. [Influencing factors of iron metabolism assessment in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome: A retrospective study]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:293-299. [PMID: 35680627 PMCID: PMC9189479 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of iron metabolism assessment in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Methods: MRI and/or DECT were used to detect liver and cardiac iron content in 181 patients with MDS, among whom, 41 received regular iron chelation therapy during two examinations. The adjusted ferritin (ASF) , erythropoietin (EPO) , cardiac function, liver transaminase, hepatitis antibody, and peripheral blood T cell polarization were detected and the results of myelofibrosis, splenomegaly, and cyclosporine were collected and comparative analyzed in patients. Results: We observed a positive correlation between liver iron concentration and ASF both in the MRI group and DECT groups (r=0.512 and 0.606, respectively, P<0.001) , only a weak correlation between the heart iron concentration and ASF in the MRI group (r=0.303, P<0.001) , and no significant correlation between cardiac iron concentration and ASF in the DECT group (r=0.231, P=0.053) . Moreover, transfusion dependence in liver and cardiac [MRI group was significantly associated with the concentration of iron in: LIC: (28.370±10.706) mg/g vs (7.593±3.508) mg/g, t=24.30, P<0.001; MIC: 1.81 vs 0.95, z=2.625, P<0.05; DECT group: liver VIC: (4.269±1.258) g/L vs (1.078±0.383) g/L, t=23.14, P<0.001: cardiac VIC: 1.69 vs 0.68, z=3.142, P<0.05]. The concentration of EPO in the severe iron overload group was significantly higher than that in the mild to moderate iron overload group and normal group (P<0.001) . Compared to the low-risk MDS group, the liver iron concentration in patients with MDS with cyclic sideroblasts (MDS-RS) was significantly elevated [DECT group: 3.80 (1.97, 5.51) g/L vs 1.66 (0.67, 2.94) g/L, P=0.004; MRI group: 13.7 (8.1,29.1) mg/g vs 11.6 (7.1,21.1) mg/g, P=0.032]. Factors including age, bone marrow fibrosis, splenomegaly, T cell polarization, use of cyclosporine A, liver aminotransferase, and hepatitis antibody positive had no obvious effect on iron metabolism. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between liver iron concentration and ASF in patients with MDS, whereas there was no significant correlation between cardiac iron concentration and ASF. Iron metabolism was affected by transfusion dependence, EPO concentration, and RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - C Xiao
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - J Li
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - L X Song
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Y S Zhao
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - J G Zhao
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - C K Chang
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
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20
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Yang Q, Mao Y, Wang J, Yu H, Zhang X, Pei X, Duan Z, Xiao C, Ma M. Gestational bisphenol A exposure impairs hepatic lipid metabolism by altering mTOR/CRTC2/SREBP1 in male rat offspring. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221129852. [PMID: 36137816 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221129852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is an important biochemical process in the body. Recent studies have found that environmental endocrine disruptors play an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Bisphenol A (BPA), a common environmental endocrine disruptor, has adverse effects on lipid metabolism, but the mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gestational BPA exposure on hepatic lipid metabolism and its possible mechanism in male offspring. The pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to BPA (0, 0.05, 0.5, 5 mg/kg/day) from day 5 to day 19 of gestation to investigate the levels of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), and the expression of liver lipid metabolism-related genes in male offspring rats. The results showed that compared with the control group, the TG and TC levels in serum and liver in BPA-exposed groups was increased. And the expressions of liver fatty acid oxidation related genes, such as peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1α (CPT1α), were down-regulated. However, the expressions of fatty acid synthesis related genes, such as sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1 (SREBP-1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1), were up-regulated. The increased protein levels of mTOR and p-CRTC2 suggested that CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) might be an important mediator in the mTOR/SREBP-1 pathway. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that mTOR/CRTC2/SREBP-1 could be affected by gestational BPA exposure, which may involve in the lipid metabolic disorders in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Mao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - H Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - X Pei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Z Duan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - C Xiao
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - M Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.,Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
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21
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhang J, Lin M, Xiao C, Bai H, Liu C. Mechanical loading alleviated the inhibition of β2-adrenergic receptor agonist terbutaline on bone regeneration. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22033. [PMID: 34739146 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101045rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The long-term use of adrenergic medication in treating various conditions, such as asthma, increases the chances of bone fracture. Dynamic mechanical loading at a specific time is a method for improving bone quality and promoting healing. Therefore, we hypothesized that precisely controlling the mechanical environment can contribute to the alleviation of the negative effects of chronic treatment with the common asthma drug terbutaline, which is a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist that facilitates bone homeostasis and defect repair through its anabolic effect on osteogenic cells. Our in vitro results showed that terbutaline can directly inhibit osteogenesis by impairing osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. Chronic treatment in vivo was simulated by administering terbutaline to C57BL/6J mice for 4 weeks before bone defect surgery and mechanical loading. We utilized a stabilized tibial defect model, which allowed the application of anabolic mechanical loading. During homeostasis, chronic terbutaline treatment reduced the bone formation rate, the fracture toughness of long bones, and the concentrations of bone formation markers in the sera. During defect repair, terbutaline decreased the bone volume, type H vessel, and total blood vessel volume. Terbutaline treatment reduced the number of osteogenic cells. Periostin, which was secreted mainly by Prrx1+ osteoprogenitors and F4/80+ macrophages, was inhibited by treating the bone defect with terbutaline. Interestingly, controlled mechanical loading facilitated the recovery of bone volume and periostin expression and the number of osteogenic cells within the defect. In conclusion, mechanical loading can rescue negative effects on new bone accrual and repair induced by chronic terbutaline treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minmin Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chufan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoying Bai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Qian D, Ulrich B, Peng G, Zhao H, Conneely K, Miller A, Bruner D, Eldridge R, Wommack E, Higgins K, Shin D, Saba N, Smith A, Burtness B, Park H, Stokes W, Beitler J, Xiao C. Outcomes Stratification of Head and Neck Cancer Using Pre- and Post-Treatment DNA Methylation in Peripheral Blood. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Higgins K, Hu C, Stinchcombe T, Jabbour S, Kozono D, Owonikoko T, Movsas B, Ritter T, Xiao C, Williams T, Welsh J, Simko J, Wang X, Mohindra N, Hsu C, Bradley J. NRG Oncology/Alliance LU005: A Phase II/III Randomized Study of Chemoradiation vs. Chemoradiation Plus Atezolizumab in Limited Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Xiao C, Ochoa C, Grobe K. Nutrition Education Guideline for Increasing Concern of Metabolic Syndrome in SCI Patients. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Zhang Y, Xiao C, Li J, Song LX, Zhao YS, Han S, Li ZW, Guo C, Zhao JG, Chang CK. Topic: AS08-Treatment/AS08j-Supportive care - Iron overload. Leuk Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106681.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Xiao C, Huang X, Li M, Wu J, Huang H. Evaluation of the biomechanical properties of the posterior eye using Shear Wave Elastography in patients with increased intracranial pressure. Med Ultrason 2021; 23:305-310. [PMID: 33657194 DOI: 10.11152/mu-2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate the biomechanical properties of the posterior eye using the shear wave elastography (SWE) in increased intracranial pressure (ICP) patients and healthy subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study enrolled 54 healthy subjects and 54 patients with increased ICP, including 29 patients with space-occupying lesions (SOLs) and 25 patients with intracranial haemorrhage (ICH). Optic nerve sheath diameter and the stiffness of the optic nerve head, peripapil-lary sclera and optic nerve were evaluated. RESULTS Patients with increased ICP had a significantly higher optic nerve sheath diameter, Young's modulus of optic nerve head, and Young's modulus of peripapillary sclera than healthy subjects (p<0.01 for all). The optic nerve sheath diameter, Young's modulus of optic nerve head and Young's modulus of the peripapillary sclera were similar between the SOLs group and ICH group (p>0.05 for all). Young's modulus of the optic nerve in the ICH group was similar to the control group (p>0.05), whereas the SOLs group had higher Young's modulus of optic nerve comparing the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The stiffness of the optic nerve head and peripapillary sclera were higher in patients with increased ICP than healthy subjects, and the optic nerve stiffness of SOLs patients was the highest in all subjects. The SWE could provide a quantitative analysis of the posterior eye's biomechanical properties and help the clinic diagnose the degree of visual impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China.
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Ultrasound,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China.
| | - Maoping Li
- Department of Ultrasound,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China.
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Ultrasound,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China.
| | - Huiying Huang
- Department of Ultrasound,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China.
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27
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Welsh S, Xiao C, Kaden A, Brzezynski J, Mohrman M, Wang J, Smieszek S, Przychodzen B, Ständer S, Polymeropoulos C, Birznieks G, Polymeropoulos M. Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist tradipitant has mixed effects on itch in atopic dermatitis: results from EPIONE, a randomized clinical trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e338-e340. [PMID: 33330999 PMCID: PMC8248080 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.E. Welsh
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc.WashingtonDCUSA
| | - C. Xiao
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc.WashingtonDCUSA
| | - A.R. Kaden
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc.WashingtonDCUSA
| | | | | | - J. Wang
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc.WashingtonDCUSA
| | | | | | - S. Ständer
- Department of DermatologyCenter for Chronic PruritusUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
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28
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Li H, Xu QY, Liu C, Xiao C, Zhao J, Yu ZH, Yang XY, Li Y, Wan LH. Application of Chlorophyte ChlB Gene and Cyanophyte NIES Gene in the Detection of Drowning-Related Plankton. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 37:58-64. [PMID: 33780186 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.400219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To construct a polymerase chain reaction-capillary electrophoresis (PCR-CE) detection method using ChlB gene and NIES gene, investigate the method's specificity and sensitivity, and to evaluate its application value in drowning diagnosis. Methods The specific primers ChlB and NIES were designed for the conserved sequence of chlorophyte ChlB gene and cyanophyte NIES gene in GenBank to construct PCR-CE detection method; 50 species of standard DNA samples were amplified; the sensitivity was determined by gradient concentration detection of positive standard samples; 25 actual cadaver lung tissue samples (drowned: 20, natural death: 5) were detected, and the simultaneous detection results of microwave digestion-vacuum filtration-automated scanning electron microscopy (MD-VF-Auto SEM) were simultaneously compared. Results The minimum DNA detection concentration of primers ChlB and NIES was 0.161 ng and 0.109 ng, respectively, which could specifically amplify chlorophyte (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) and cyanophyte [Microcystis aeruginosa (producing and not producing toxin)] widespread in water. The product fragments were 156 bp and 182 bp, respectively. The results of non-drowning tissues were negative. Conclusion This method has high sensitivity and specificity. It can be applied to the detection of plankton related to drowning and combined with MD-VF-Auto SEM method, can increase the detection range of plankton related to drowning and improve the evidence power of drowning diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chong-qing 400016, China
| | - Q Y Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology of Ministry of Public Security, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510442, China
| | - C Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology of Ministry of Public Security, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510442, China
| | - C Xiao
- School of Forensic Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology of Ministry of Public Security, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510442, China
| | - Z H Yu
- School of Forensic Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Y Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology of Ministry of Public Security, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510442, China
| | - Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology of Ministry of Public Security, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou 510442, China
| | - L H Wan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chong-qing 400016, China
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29
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Yu J, Xing L, Cheng G, Chen L, Dong L, Fu X, Guo Y, Han Z, Jiang D, Li J, Lin Y, Liu A, Liu J, Liu J, Liu Y, Lv D, Ma C, Ren Y, Wang S, Wang Y, Xiao C, Yan S, Yang F, Yang W, Zang A, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhao R, Zhou J. P21.10 Real-World Treatment Patterns in Chinese Stage III NSCLC Patients - A Prospective, Non-Interventional Study (MOOREA trial). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Xiao C, Chen SR, Wang CC, Shen MH, Cao D, Lyu JH. [Clinicopathological analysis of bilateral ovarian Burkitt Lymphoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49:1180-1182. [PMID: 33152827 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200227-00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Xiao
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - S R Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - C C Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - M H Shen
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - D Cao
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - J H Lyu
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
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31
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Mislang A, Coward J, Cooper A, Underhill C, Zheng Y, Xu N, Xiao C, Jin X, Li B, Wang M, Kwek K, Xia D, Xia Y, Prawira A. 157P Efficacy and safety of penpulimab (AK105), a new generation anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody, in upper gastrointestinal cancers. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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32
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Wang X, Xiao C, Ji C, Liu Z, Song X, Liu Y, Li C, Yan D, Li H, Qin Y, Liu X. Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria for controlling root rot disease of Chinese jujube. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:926-936. [PMID: 32777121 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Fusarium oxysporum is the primary pathogen causing root rot disease that severely affects cultivation of jujube fruit in the Xinjiang province of China. The aim of this study was to identify endophytic bacteria in healthy jujube organs that could effectively suppress F. oxysporum growth. METHODS AND RESULTS Different plant organs (leaves, twigs and roots) were collected from healthy Chinese jujube cultivated in southern Xinjiang province of China. The endophytic bacterium Brevibacterium halotolerans JZ7 was selected for its strong antagonistic activity and growth-promoting characteristics. Gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry analysis showed that acetoin, 2,3-butanediol and fenretinide were the three dominant volatile organic compounds produced by strain JZ7. Fenretinide strongly suppressed spore germination of F. oxysporum in vitro. Pot experiments showed that strain JZ7 colonized both the roots and rhizosphere soil of Chinese jujube and significantly reduced F. oxysporum level in jujube rhizosphere soil. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that B. halotolerans JZ7 can be developed into a biological control agent to combat root rot disease of Chinese jujube in the Xinjiang province of China. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The suggested strategy for biological control of jujube root rot disease is fully in accordance with the current principles of sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Qingdao, China
| | - C Xiao
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - C Ji
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Z Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - X Song
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Y Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - C Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - D Yan
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - H Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Y Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - X Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural Universities, Taian, Shandong, China
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Henkel M, Li Y, Liang Y, Drews P, Knieps A, Killer C, Nicolai D, Höschen D, Geiger J, Xiao C, Sandri N, Satheeswaran G, Liu S, Grulke O, Jakubowski M, Brezinsek S, Otte M, Neubauer O, Schweer B, Xu G, Cai J. Retarding field analyzer for the wendelstein 7-X boundary plasma. Fusion Engineering and Design 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Liu K, Xiao C, Ma L. The effect of laser energy consumption on the lower urinary tract symptoms in early stage after HoLEP. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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35
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Liu YQ, Zhu X, Lu J, Xiao C, Ma L. The prediction of stone-free rate after flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy for renal stones using artificial intelligence. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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36
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Kim S, Xiao C, Platt I, Zafari Z, Bellanger M, Muennig P. Health and economic consequences of applying the United States' PM 2.5 automobile emission standards to other nations: a case study of France and Italy. Public Health 2020; 183:81-87. [PMID: 32445933 PMCID: PMC7252081 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The US has among the world's strictest automobile emission standards, but it is now loosening them. It is unclear where a nation should draw the line between the associated cost burden imposed by regulations and the broader societal benefits associated with having cleaner air. Our study examines the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of introducing stricter vehicle emission standards in France and Italy. STUDY DESIGN Quasi-experimental study. METHODS We used cost-effectiveness modeling to measure the incremental quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and cost (Euros) of adopting more stringent US vehicle emission standards for PM2.5 in France and Italy. RESULTS Adopting Obama era US vehicle emission standards would likely save money and lives for both the French and Italian populations. In France, adopting US emission standards would save €1000 and increase QALYs by 0.04 per capita. In Italy, the stricter standards would save €3000 and increase QALYs by 0.31. The results remain robust in both the sensitivity analysis and probabilistic Monte Carlo simulation model. CONCLUSIONS Adopting more stringent emission standards in France and Italy would save money and lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 772 West 168th Street, 10032 New York, New York, United States
| | - C Xiao
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, 15 Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.
| | - I Platt
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 772 West 168th Street, 10032 New York, New York, United States
| | - Z Zafari
- Global Research Analytics for Population Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 772 West 168th Street, 10032, New York, New York, United States; School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, 772 West 168th Street, 10032, New York, New York, United States
| | - M Bellanger
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, 15 Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France
| | - P Muennig
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 772 West 168th Street, 10032 New York, New York, United States
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Brooks J, Gibson M, Kite K, Czeisler E, Fisher M, Xiao C, Polymeropoulos C, Polymeropoulos M. 1004 Smith-<Magenis Syndrome (SMS) Circadian Abnormalities And Biological Rhythms. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
SMS is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests with craniofacial abnormalities, behavioral disturbances, and a severe sleep disorder. It has been reported that many SMS patients have an inverted melatonin secretion pattern (peaking during the daytime) although a small minority have near normal patterns. The goal of this study was to better characterize the intra- and inter-patient variability of melatonin secretion patterns and investigate a potential relationship with sleep behavior in SMS patients.
Methods
In this observational study, sleep behaviors of patients (N=8, 1 female, ages: 7 - 35) with SMS were characterized through caretaker surveys. On 3 separate occasions, patients had hourly serum melatonin levels sampled for 36 hours. From these data, peak serum melatonin concentration and time of peak concentration were determined. Inter- and intra-patient variability was characterized by zero lag correlation of the melatonin concentration timeseries across and within patients, respectively. The relationship between peak melatonin concentration, peak time, and sleep latency was analyzed by a generalized linear model, GLM.
Results
Peak melatonin concentrations varied across SMS patients with a range of 3.55pg/ml - 49.65pg/ml (mean 14.18 ± 15.19pg/ml). Time of peak melatonin concentrations ranged from 0400h-2100h (mean 1422 ± 6h). Correlation coefficients characterizing intra-patient variability ranged from -0.0098 to 0.89 (mean 0.55 ± 0.2533). Correlation coefficients characterizing inter-patient variability ranged from -0.75 to 0.79 (mean of 0.18 ± 0.52). Sleep latency ranged from 8.4min - 36.35min (mean of 21.99 ± 9.77 min). GLM analysis demonstrated a significant, positive effect of peak time with sleep latency (p=0.022).
Conclusion
Consistent with previous findings, our study confirms that SMS patients have abnormal circadian rhythms. Our work extends this body of literature by demonstrating a significant degree of inter-patient variability with relatively stable intra-patient variability. Preliminary evidence suggests that the timing of melatonin peak may be related to sleep onset latency.
Support
This work was supported by Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brooks
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - M Gibson
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - K Kite
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - E Czeisler
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - M Fisher
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - C Xiao
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
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Brooks J, Gibson M, Kite K, Czeisler E, Fisher M, Xiao C, Polymeropoulos C, Polymeropoulos M. 1161 Tasimelteon Shows Persistence Of Efficacy In Improving Sleep Disturbances In Patients With Smith-Magenis Syndrome (SMS) In Open-Label Extension Study. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Smith-Magenis Syndrome (SMS) is a rare (1/15,000 - 25,000 births) neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from an interstitial deletion of chromosome 17p11.2, or from a point mutation in the RAI1 gene. Severe sleep disorder is almost universal in patients with SMS and poses a significant challenge to patients and their families. Tasimelteon improved sleep symptoms in a randomized, double-blind, two-period, crossover study; and here we show that this effect persists for up to four years in an open-label extension. To our knowledge, this is the largest interventional study of SMS patients to date.
Methods
Following the 4-week crossover study, all eligible participants had the option to enroll in an open-label extension. 31/39 (79.4%) of all individuals who participated in the efficacy study have continued on tasimelteon treatment. Participants in the open-label extension provided daily diary sleep quality (DDSQ), and daily diary total sleep time (DDTST) measures via parental post sleep questionnaire and characterized behavior using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC).
Results
In the open-label extension, tasimelteon continued to show improvement in the primary endpoints of 50% worst sleep quality (mean = 0.7, SD = 0.94) and 50% worst total nighttime sleep duration (mean = 53.3, SD = 59.01) when compared to baseline. Tasimelteon also improved overall sleep quality (mean=0.7, SD=0.83) and overall total nighttime sleep duration (mean = 51.9, SD=53.03). ABC scores also improved with tasimelteon (mean= -16.3, SD = 15.82).
Conclusion
Tasimelteon continues to demonstrate persistence in efficacy (longest approximately 4 years) with similar magnitudes observed in the 4-week crossover study for sleep quality and total sleep time. Interestingly, daytime behavior also demonstrates long-term improvement in patients with SMS treated with tasimelteon. These results further confirm tasimelteon as a novel therapy for the treatment of sleep disorders in patients with SMS and may provide benefit for behavioral symptoms.
Support
This work was supported by Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brooks
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - M Gibson
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - K Kite
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - E Czeisler
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - M Fisher
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
| | - C Xiao
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC
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Yang L, Zhang T, Zhang C, Xiao C, Bai X, Wang G. Upregulated E3 ligase tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 in psoriatic epidermis ubiquitylates nuclear factor‐κB p65 subunit and promotes inflammation in keratinocytes*. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:111-122. [PMID: 32232831 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Yang
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - T. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - C. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - C. Xiao
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - X. Bai
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - G. Wang
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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Smieszek SP, Welsh S, Xiao C, Wang J, Polymeropoulos C, Birznieks G, Polymeropoulos MH. Correlation of age-of-onset of Atopic Dermatitis with Filaggrin loss-of-function variant status. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2721. [PMID: 32066784 PMCID: PMC7026049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic background of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) with chronic pruritus is complex. Filaggrin (FLG) is an essential gene in the epidermal barrier formation s. Loss-of-function (LOF) variants in FLG associated with skin barrier dysfunction constitute the most well-known genetic risk factor for AD. In this study, we focused on the frequency and effect of FLG loss-of-function variants in association with self-reported age-of-onset of AD. The dataset consisted of 386 whole-genome sequencing (WGS) samples. We observe a significant association between FLG LOF status and age-of-onset, with earlier age of onset of AD observed in the FLG LOF carrier group (p-value 0.0003, Wilcoxon two-sample test). We first tested this on the two most prevalent FLG variants. Interestingly, the effect is even stronger when considering all detected FLG LOF variants. Having two or more FLG LOF variants associates with the onset of AD at 2 years of age. In this study, we have shown enrichment of rare variants in the EDC region in cases compared with controls. Age-of-onset analysis shows not only the effect of the FLG and likely EDC variants in terms of the heightened risk of AD, but foremost enables to predict early-onset, lending further credence to the penetrance and causative effect of the identified variants. Understanding the genetic background and risk of early-onset is suggestive of skin barrier dysfunction etiology of AD with chronic pruritus
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Smieszek
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC, USA.
| | - S Welsh
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Xiao
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC, USA
| | - J Wang
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - G Birznieks
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Washington, DC, USA
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Zhao J, Luo YZ, Wang YZ, Xiao C, Shi H, Hu SL, Kang XD, Xu QY, Cheng JD, Liu C. Application of Quantitative Analysis of Diatoms in Lung Tissue for the Diagnosis of Drowning of Experimental Animals. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 35:706-709. [PMID: 31970958 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To discuss the application value of diatom examination in lung tissue for the forensic diagnosis of drowning. Methods The experimental animals were divided randomly into drowning, postmortem submergence and dying on land group. Diatoms in lung tissue and drowning fluid were analyzed quantitatively by microwave digestion-vacuum filtration-automated scanning electron microscopy diatom examination method. The ratios of content of diatoms in lung tissue and drowning fluid (CL/CD ratio) were recorded. Results The CL/CD ratios of experimental rabbits in the drowning group (5.82±3.50) were much higher than that of postmortem submergence group (0.47±0.35); the CL/CD ratios of different parts of the lung lobes of experimental pigs in the drowning group were higher than that of postmortem submergence group (P<0.05); in seawater, brackish water, river fresh water and lake fresh water, the CL/CD ratios of experimental pigs in the drowning group were higher than that of postmortem submergence group (P<0.05). In animal experiments, all the cases with CL/CD ratio >1.6 were from drowning group. Conclusion CL/CD ratio is an indicator with good application prospects in the diagnosis of drowning.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Guangzhou Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Y Z Luo
- Shiyan Public Security Bureau, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Y Z Wang
- Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medical College, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - C Xiao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - H Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Guangzhou Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - S L Hu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Guangzhou Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - X D Kang
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Guangzhou Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Q Y Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Guangzhou Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - J D Cheng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Guangzhou Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Guangzhou 510030, China
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Immerzeel WW, Lutz AF, Andrade M, Bahl A, Biemans H, Bolch T, Hyde S, Brumby S, Davies BJ, Elmore AC, Emmer A, Feng M, Fernández A, Haritashya U, Kargel JS, Koppes M, Kraaijenbrink PDA, Kulkarni AV, Mayewski PA, Nepal S, Pacheco P, Painter TH, Pellicciotti F, Rajaram H, Rupper S, Sinisalo A, Shrestha AB, Viviroli D, Wada Y, Xiao C, Yao T, Baillie JEM. Importance and vulnerability of the world’s water towers. Nature 2019; 577:364-369. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Xiao C, Polymeropoulos C, Brzezynski J, Prokosch L, Keefe M, Mohrman M, Birznieks G, Polymeropoulos M. Tasimelteon demonstrates efficacy to treat jet lag disorder in an 8 hour phase advance clinical study. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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44
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Polymeropoulos C, Czeisler E, Fisher M, Birznieks G, Xiao C, Polymeropoulos M. Study of the effects of a 5 hour and 8 hour circadian phase advance as a model of JET Lag disorder. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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45
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Peng P, Chen Y, Han G, Meng R, Zhang S, Liao Z, Zhang Y, Gong J, Xiao C, Liu X, Zhang P, Zhang L, Xia S, Chu Q, Chen Y, Zhang L. MA01.09 Concomitant SBRT and EGFR-TKI Versus EGFR-TKI Alone for Oligometastatic NSCLC: A Multicenter, Randomized Phase II Study. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Zhang XG, Li X, Gao YL, Liu Y, Dong WX, Xiao C. Oviposition Deterrents in Larval Frass of Potato Tuberworm Moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Neotrop Entomol 2019; 48:496-502. [PMID: 30539388 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0655-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The potato tuberworm moth (PTM) Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most damaging pests of potato Solanum tuberosum L. in warm temperate and subtropical areas. Our previous experiment showed that extracts of larval frass of PTM deterred oviposition of conspecific females. In this study, we investigated the identification of chemicals in larval frass that were influencing the oviposition of PTM by behavioral bioassays and electroantennography analysis in the laboratory. Frass was collected from third and fourth instar larvae and combined analysis of gas chromatography coupled with electroantennography (GC-EAD) of dichloromethane extracts showed that eight compounds from larval frass extracts elicited repeatable antennal responses from mated females. Seven EAD-active compounds in frass volatile extract were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as linoleic acid, octadecanoic acid, tricosane, pentacosane, heptacosane, nonacosane, and cholesterol. Oviposition bioassays indicated that frass extracts had a deterrent effect on egg laying, the deterrent activity increased with the concentration of frass extracts, and the threshold value for statistical significance in oviposition deterrence was in the range of 20-200 mg frass per cage. Linoleic acid, pentacosane, heptacosane, nonacosane, and cholesterol in larval frass volatiles were found to play a key role in repelling oviposition in a dose-dependent manner. We suggest that the bioactive compounds in larval frass are responsible for repelling oviposition of PTM, and n-alkanes, especially pentacosane, strongly deter oviposition and may be considered as a potential oviposition deterrent for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- X G Zhang
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural Univ, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - X Li
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural Univ, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Y L Gao
- State Key Lab for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural Univ, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - W X Dong
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural Univ, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - C Xiao
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural Univ, Kunming, 650201, China
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Dang E, Xiao C, Wang G. 047 Autoantigen Keratin 17 presented by keratinocytes directs T cell auto-reactivity in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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48
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Xiao C, Smith ZJ, Chu K. Simultaneous recovery of both bright and dim structures from noisy fluorescence microscopy images using a modified TV constraint. J Microsc 2019; 275:24-35. [PMID: 31026068 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The quality and information content of biological images can be significantly enhanced by postacquisition processing using deconvolution and denoising. However, when imaging complex biological samples, such as neurons, stained with fluorescence labels, the signal level of different structures can differ by several orders of magnitude. This poses a challenge as current image reconstruction algorithms are focused on recovering low signals and generally have sample-dependent performance, requiring tedious manual tuning. This is one of the main hurdles for their wide adoption by nonspecialists. In this work, we modify the general constrained reconstruction method (in our case utilizing a total variation constraint) so that both bright and dim structures can drive the deconvolution with equal force. In this way, we can simultaneously obtain high-quality reconstruction across a wide range of signals within a single image or image sequence. The algorithm is tested on both simulated and experimental data. When compared with current state-of-art algorithms, our algorithm outperforms others in terms of maintaining the resolution in the high-signal areas and reducing artefacts in the low-signal areas. The algorithm was also tested on image sequences where one set of parameters are used to reconstruct all images, with blind evaluation by a group of biologists demonstrating a marked preference for the images produced by our method. This means that our method is suitable for batch processing of image sequences obtained from either spatial or temporal scanning. LAY DESCRIPTION: Fluorescence microscopy images of complex biological samples contain a wide range of signal levels. This signal variation leads current reconstruction algorithms, which aim to enhance the quality of the raw images, to have sample-dependent performance. In this work, we design a new optimization that allows the reconstruction to "pay equal eqattention to" both bright and dim structures. In this way, we can simultaneously recover both bright and dim structures within a single image or image sequence, as validated when the algorithm was quantitatively tested on both simulated and experimental data. When our method was evaluated alongside current state of art algorithms by a group of biologists, our algorithm was considered qualitatively superior.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiao
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Z J Smith
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - K Chu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Song LL, Lu HY, Xiao C, Wu LY, Wu D, Su JY, Zhou LY, Chang CK. [Study of iron overload assessment by T2* magnetic resonance imaging in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2019; 40:222-226. [PMID: 30929390 PMCID: PMC7342544 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the cardiac T2* value, liver iron concentration (LIC) , and related laboratory parameters in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with iron overload and evaluate the changes of organ functions after iron chelation therapy. To explore the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2* in making early diagnosis and assessing organs iron overload. Methods: Retrospective investigation was used to observe the cardiac T2* value, LIC, iron metabolism parameters and related laboratory parameters of 85 MDS patients from Nov 2014 to Jan 2018. Among them, 7 MDS patients with Low/Int-1 have received iron chelation therapy for 6 months during two MRI examinations. The above parameters were collected before and after iron chelation therapy for comparison. Results: Correlations were found between heart T2* value and age (rs=-0.290, P=0.007) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (rs=0.265, P=0.009) . There was a significant negative correlation between heart T2* value and blood transfusion units (rs=-0.701, P<0.001) . There was a significant positive correlation between LIC and serum ferritin (SF) (rs=0.577, P<0.001) . There was also a correlation between LIC and ALT (rs=0.268, P=0.014) and blood transfusion units (rs=0.244, P=0.034) . There was no correlation between heart T2* and pro-BNP, SF (all P>0.05) , and no correlation between LIC and age (P>0.05) . The increase of heart T2* between the normal and abnormal groups was statistically significant (P=0.005) , but the iron overload ratio of the heart T2*<20 ms was not significant between the two groups. There was statistical significance in the proportion of severe liver iron overload (LIC>15 mg/g DW) (P=0.045) . After iron chelation therapy, the values of SF, transferrin saturation, ALT, AST, pro-BNP and LIC of 7 patients were decreased compared with values before iron chelation therapy, and the peripheral blood cell level was increased. However, the changes of LVEF and T2* values after iron chelation were not obvious. Conclusion: MRI T2* may be a predictor of iron overload in patients with MDS in early stage, and may be more valuable compare with LVEF, SF and other laboratory indicators. The safety and repeatability of MRI cardiac T2* examination are recognized, and it can be used as an ideal detection for patients with iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Song
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai No.6 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - H Y Lu
- Department of Hematology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - C Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai No.6 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - L Y Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai No.6 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - D Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai No.6 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - J Y Su
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai No.6 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - L Y Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai No.6 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - C K Chang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai No.6 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Pan L, Cao X, Xiao C. KRT19 and CEACAM5 mRNA-marked circulated tumor cells indicate unfavorable prognosis of breast cancer patients. Breast 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(19)30317-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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