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Ueda A, Berg A, Khan T, Ruzicka M, Li S, Cramer E, Iyengar A, Wu CF. Intense light unleashes male-male courtship behaviour in wild-type Drosophila. Open Biol 2023; 13:220233. [PMID: 37463658 PMCID: PMC10353890 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila courtship studies have elucidated several principles of the neurogenetic organization of complex behaviour. Through an integration across sensory modalities, males perform stereotypic patterns of chasing, courtship song production and copulation attempts. Here we report a serendipitous finding that intense light not only enhances courtship toward female targets but also triggers unexpected courtship behaviours among male flies. Strikingly, in wild-type male-only chambers, we observed extreme behavioural manifestations, such as 'chaining' and 'wheeling', resembling previously reported male-male courtship behaviours in fruitless mutants and in transformants with ectopic mini-white+ overexpression. This male-male courtship was greatly diminished in a variety of visual system mutants, including disrupted phototransduction (norpA), eliminated eye-colour screening pigments (white), or deletion of the R7 photoreceptor cells (sevenless). However, light-induced courtship was unhampered in wing-cut flies, despite their inability to produce courtship song, a major acoustic signal during courtship. Unexpectedly the olfactory mutants orco and sbl displayed unrestrained male-male courtship. Particularly, orco males attained maximum courtship scores under either dim or intense light conditions. Together, our observations support the notion that the innate male courtship behaviour is restrained by olfactory cues under normal conditions but can be unleashed by strong visual stimulation in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Abigayle Berg
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Tashmit Khan
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - Shuwen Li
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ellyn Cramer
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Atulya Iyengar
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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2
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Wang JW, Suh GSB, Wu CF. Editorial/preface: Neurogenetics innovation in South Korea. J Neurogenet 2023:1-2. [PMID: 37306228 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2023.2216054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing W Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Greg S B Suh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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3
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Wu CF. The origins of the force-from-lipid principle and the founding member of the TRP channel superfamily. J Neurogenet 2022; 36:43. [PMID: 36226525 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2022.2132104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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4
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Ueda A, O'Harrow TCDG, Xing X, Ehaideb S, Manak JR, Wu CF. Abnormal larval neuromuscular junction morphology and physiology in Drosophila prickle isoform mutants with known axonal transport defects and adult seizure behavior. J Neurogenet 2022; 36:65-73. [PMID: 35775303 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2022.2093353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the striking mutational effects of the Drosophila planar cell polarity gene prickle (pk) on larval motor axon microtubule-mediated vesicular transport and on adult epileptic behavior associated with neuronal circuit hyperexcitability. Mutant alleles of the prickle-prickle (pkpk) and prickle-spiny-legs (pksple) isoforms (hereafter referred to as pk and sple alleles, respectively) exhibit differential phenotypes. While both pk and sple affect larval motor axon transport, only sple confers motor circuit and behavior hyperexcitability. However, mutations in the two isoforms apparently counteract to ameliorate adult motor circuit and behavioral hyperexcitability in heteroallelic pkpk/pksple flies. We have further investigated the consequences of altered axonal transport in the development and function of the larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ). We uncovered robust dominant phenotypes in both pk and sple alleles, including synaptic terminal overgrowth (as revealed by anti-HRP and -Dlg immunostaining) and poor vesicle release synchronicity (as indicated by synaptic bouton focal recording). However, we observed recessive alteration of synaptic transmission only in pk/pk larvae, i.e. increased excitatory junctional potential (EJP) amplitude in pk/pk but not in pk/+ or sple/sple. Interestingly, for motor terminal excitability sustained by presynaptic Ca2+ channels, both pk and sple exerted strong effects to produce prolonged depolarization. Notably, only sple acted dominantly whereas pk/+ appeared normal, but was able to suppress the sple phenotypes, i.e. pk/sple appeared normal. Our observations contrast the differential roles of the pk and sple isoforms and highlight their distinct, variable phenotypic expression in the various structural and functional aspects of the larval NMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Xiaomin Xing
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Salleh Ehaideb
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Genetics Ph.D. Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J Robert Manak
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Genetics Ph.D. Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Neuroscience Ph.D. Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Genetics Ph.D. Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Neuroscience Ph.D. Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Chi W, Iyengar ASR, Albersen M, Bosma M, Verhoeven-Duif NM, Wu CF, Zhuang X. Correction to: Pyridox (am) ine 5'-phosphate oxidase deficiency induces seizures in Drosophila melanogaster. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2668. [PMID: 35311996 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wanhao Chi
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology.,Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Atulya S R Iyengar
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Monique Albersen
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, EA 3584, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Bosma
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, EA 3584, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda M Verhoeven-Duif
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, EA 3584, The Netherlands
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Zhuang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Jin C, Yu H, Wu CF, Zhao HB, Jin SS, Yang YL, Zhang HD. Fiber Bending Flexibility Evaluation by Worm-like Chain Model. Chin J Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dason JS, Anreiter I, Wu CF. Transcending boundaries: from quantitative genetics to single genes. J Neurogenet 2021; 35:95-98. [PMID: 34544325 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2021.1960519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Dason
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
| | - Ina Anreiter
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Abstract
Hypersynchronous neural activity is a characteristic feature of seizures. Although many Drosophila mutants of epilepsy-related genes display clear behavioral spasms and motor unit hyperexcitability, field potential measurements of aberrant hypersynchronous activity across brain regions during seizures have yet to be described. Here, we report a straightforward method to observe local field potentials (LFPs) from the Drosophila brain to monitor ensemble neural activity during seizures in behaving tethered flies. High frequency stimulation across the brain reliably triggers a stereotypic sequence of electroconvulsive seizure (ECS) spike discharges readily detectable in the dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) and coupled with behavioral spasms. During seizure episodes, the LFP signal displayed characteristic large-amplitude oscillations with a stereotypic temporal correlation to DLM flight muscle spiking. ECS-related LFP events were clearly distinct from rest- and flight-associated LFP patterns. We further characterized the LFP activity during different types of seizures originating from genetic and pharmacological manipulations. In the 'bang-sensitive' sodium channel mutant bangsenseless (bss), the LFP pattern was prolonged, and the temporal correlation between LFP oscillations and DLM discharges was altered. Following administration of the pro-convulsant GABAA blocker picrotoxin, we uncovered a qualitatively different LFP activity pattern, which consisted of a slow (1-Hz), repetitive, waveform, closely coupled with DLM bursting and behavioral spasms. Our approach to record brain LFPs presents an initial framework for electrophysiological analysis of the complex brain-wide activity patterns in the large collection of Drosophila excitability mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atulya Iyengar
- Department of Biology, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Juan J, Yang HX, Wei YM, Song G, Su RN, Chen X, Yang QH, Yan JY, Xiao M, Li Y, Cui SH, Hu YL, Zhao XL, Fan SR, Feng L, Zhang MH, Ma YY, You ZS, Meng HX, Liu HW, Zhu Y, Wu CF, Cai Y, Hu KJ, Ding HJ. [Effects of interpregnancy interval on pregnancy outcomes of subsequent pregnancy: a multicenter retrospective study]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:161-170. [PMID: 33874710 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20201010-00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of interpregnancy interval (IPI) on pregnancy outcomes of subsequent pregnancy. Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 21 hospitals in China. Information of age, height, pre-pregnancy weight, IPI, history of diseases, complications of pregnancy, gestational age of delivery, delivery mode, and pregnancy outcomes of the participants were collected by consulting medical records of pregnant women who had two consecutive deliveries in the same hospital during 2011 to 2018. The participants were divided into 4 groups according to IPI:<18 months, 18-23 months, 24-59 months and ≥60 months. According to the WHO's recommendation, with the IPI of 24-59 months group as a reference, to the effects of IPI on pregnancy outcomes of subsequent pregnancy were analyzed. Stratified analysis was further carried out based on age, history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), macrosomia, and premature delivery, to explore the differences in the effects of IPI on pregnancy outcomes among women with different characteristics. Results: A total of 8 026 women were included in this study. There were 423, 623, 5 512 and 1 468 participants in <18 months group, 18-23 months group, 24-59 months group and ≥60 months group, respectively. (1) The age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), history of cesarean section, GDM, gestational hypertension and cesarean section delivery rate of <18 months group, 18-23 months group, 24-59 months group and ≥60 months group were gradually increased, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). (2) After adjusting for potential confounding factors, compared with women in the IPI of 24-59 months group, the risk of premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, and oligohydramnios were increased by 42% (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.07-1.88, P=0.015), 46% (OR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.13-1.88, P=0.004), and 64% (OR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.13-2.38, P=0.009) respectively for women in the IPI≥60 months group. No effects of IPI on other pregnancy outcomes were found in this study (P>0.05). (3) After stratified by age and adjusted for confounding factors, compared with women in the IPI of 24-59 months group, IPI≥60 months would significantly increase the risk of oligohydramnios for women with advanced age (OR=2.87, 95%CI: 1.41-5.83, P=0.004); and <18 months could increase the risk of premature rupture of membranes for women under the age of 35 (OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.04-2.43, P=0.032). Both the risk of premature rupture of membranes (OR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.18-2.13, P=0.002) and premature delivery (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.07-2.17, P=0.020) were significantly increased in the IPI≥60 months group. After stratified by history of GDM and adjusted for confounding factors, compared with women in the IPI of 24-59 months group, IPI≥60 months would lead to an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage for women with a history of GDM (OR=5.34, 95%CI: 1.45-19.70, P=0.012) and an increased risk of premature rupture of membranes for women without a history of GDM (OR=1.44, 95%CI: 1.10-1.90, P=0.009). After stratified by history of macrosomia and adjusted for confounding factors, compared with women in the IPI of 24-59 months group, IPI≥60 months could increase the proportion of cesarean section for women with a history of macrosomia (OR=4.11, 95%CI: 1.18-14.27, P=0.026) and the risk of premature rupture of membranes for women without a history of macrosomia (OR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.12-1.89, P=0.005). After stratified by history of premature delivery and adjusted for confounding factors, compared with women in the IPI of 24-59 months group, IPI≥60 months would significantly increase the risk of premature rupture of membranes for women without a history of premature delivery (OR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.13-1.92, P=0.004). Conclusions: Both IPI≥60 months and <18 months would increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy. Healthcare education and consultation should be conducted for women of reproductive age to maintain an appropriate IPI when they plan to pregnant again, to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Juan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - H X Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y M Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - G Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - R N Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Tianjin Central Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Q H Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan 250000, China
| | - J Y Yan
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - M Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Dalian Maternity Hospital, Dalian 116033, China
| | - S H Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Y L Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - X L Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - S R Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - L Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - M H Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Taiyuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Y Y Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Z S You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Jiulong Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Suzhou 320571, China
| | - H X Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010050, China
| | - H W Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbin Red Cross Central Hospital, Harbin 150070, China
| | - C F Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Y Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - K J Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, the Hospital of Shunyi District Beijing, Beijing 101300, China
| | - H J Ding
- Department of Obstetrics, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing 210000, China
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Ueda A, Iyengar A, Wu CF. Differential effects on neuromuscular physiology between Sod1 loss-of-function mutation and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in Drosophila. MicroPubl Biol 2021; 2021:10.17912/micropub.biology.000385. [PMID: 34027314 PMCID: PMC8133701 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is thought to be a major contributor to aging processes. Here, we report differential effects on neurotransmission caused by loss-of-function mutations of Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) and by paraquat (PQ) feeding in Drosophila. We demonstrated alterations in Sod1 mutants; the larval neuromuscular junction displayed supernumerary discharges and the adult giant-fiber escape pathway showed increased latency and poor response to repetitive high-frequency stimulation. Even though the concentrations used led to motor coordination defects and lethality, PQ feeding failed to reproduce such performance deficits in these larval and adult preparations, indicating mechanistic distinctions between these genetic and pharmacological manipulations of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atulya Iyengar
- Dept. Biology, University of Iowa
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Dept. Biology, University of Iowa
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa
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11
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Alcedo J, Jin Y, Portman DS, Prahlad V, Raizen D, Rapti G, Xu XZS, Zhang Y, Wu CF. Nature's gift to neuroscience. J Neurogenet 2020; 34:223-224. [PMID: 33446019 PMCID: PMC10329769 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1841760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Alcedo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Yishi Jin
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Douglas S Portman
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, Del Monte Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Veena Prahlad
- Department of Biology, Aging Mind and Brain Initiative, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David Raizen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Georgia Rapti
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Unit of Developmental Biology, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - X Z Shawn Xu
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Wu CF, Xiao M, Wang YL, Threadgill MD, Li M, Tang Y, Lin X, Yang L, Li QS, Li X. [PARP10 Influences the Proliferation of Colorectal Carcinoma Cells, a Preliminary Study]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2020; 54:252-261. [PMID: 32392194 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898420020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PARP10 is an intracellular mono-ADP ribosyltransferase and recent reports suggest that it regulates proliferation of some cell types. However, its effect on the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma cells has not yet been systematically reported. We explored the influence of PARP10 on the proliferation of several colorectal carcinoma cell types and carried out initial studies on the underlying mechanisms. Inhibition of the enzymatic activity of PARP10 led to significantly decreases in proliferative ability in LoVo cells and CT26 cells in vitro and suppressed growth of CT26 tumours in the subaxilliary region in Balb/c mice in vivo. Cell-cycle arrest accompanied these observations. Expression of the nuclear transfer factor β-catenin and it trans-location to the nucleus were also affected and the expression of its associated signal proteins Axin2 and c-Myb were increased and decreased, respectively. We demonstrate that PARP10 promotes proliferation of those colorectal carcinoma cells which express significant levels of PARP10. This promotion is suppressed when the enzymatic activity is inhibited. β-Catenin is likely to be the mediator of the antiproliferative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Wu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - M Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Y L Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China.,
| | - M D Threadgill
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom
| | - M Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Y Tang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - X Lin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - L Yang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Q S Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
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Gerber B, King EG, Schulz D, Tanimoto H, Waddell S, Wu CF. Future perspectives of neurogenetics - in honor of Troy D. Zars (1967-2018). J Neurogenet 2020; 34:1. [PMID: 32233839 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1715975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Gerber
- Department of Genetics of Learning and Memory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth G King
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Schulz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hiromu Tanimoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Scott Waddell
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Editor-in-Chief Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Chi W, Iyengar ASR, Albersen M, Bosma M, Verhoeven-Duif NM, Wu CF, Zhuang X. Pyridox (am) ine 5'-phosphate oxidase deficiency induces seizures in Drosophila melanogaster. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:3126-3136. [PMID: 31261385 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridox (am) ine 5'-phosphate oxidase (PNPO) is a rate-limiting enzyme in converting dietary vitamin B6 (VB6) to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the biologically active form of VB6 and involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine, and serotonin. In humans, PNPO mutations have been increasingly identified in neonatal epileptic encephalopathy and more recently also in early-onset epilepsy. Till now, little is known about the neurobiological mechanisms underlying PNPO-deficiency-induced seizures due to the lack of animal models. Previously, we identified a c.95 C>A missense mutation in sugarlethal (sgll)-the Drosophila homolog of human PNPO (hPNPO)-and found mutant (sgll95) flies exhibiting a lethal phenotype on a diet devoid of VB6. Here, we report the establishment of both sgll95 and ubiquitous sgll knockdown (KD) flies as valid animal models of PNPO-deficiency-induced epilepsy. Both sgll95 and sgll KD flies exhibit spontaneous seizures before they die. Electrophysiological recordings reveal that seizures caused by PNPO deficiency have characteristics similar to that in flies treated with the GABA antagonist picrotoxin. Both seizures and lethality are associated with low PLP levels and can be rescued by ubiquitous expression of wild-type sgll or hPNPO, suggesting the functional conservation of the PNPO enzyme between humans and flies. Results from cell type-specific sgll KD further demonstrate that PNPO in the brain is necessary for seizure prevention and survival. Our establishment of the first animal model of PNPO deficiency will lead to better understanding of VB6 biology, the PNPO gene and its mutations discovered in patients, and can be a cost-effective system to test therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhao Chi
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology.,Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Atulya S R Iyengar
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Monique Albersen
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, EA, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Bosma
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, EA, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda M Verhoeven-Duif
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, EA, The Netherlands
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Zhuang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wu J, Wen ZH, Liu DD, Wu CF, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Xu YL, Yang G, Jing CX. [Safety evaluation on different ventilation strategies set for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a network Meta-analysis]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:249-260. [PMID: 32164138 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the relative safety of different ventilation methods regarding mortality and rates of complication, on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods: Network Meta-analysis was used to collect data on randomized controlled trials of pulmonary ventilation strategies in preterm infants with a mean gestational age of less than 32 weeks. Diagnostic criteria on NRDS were published in the PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Springer Link databases from January 1986 to June 2018. Revman 5.3 software was used to evaluate the quality of studies, based on the Cochrane quality assessment tool. Data were analyzed by Bayesian and frequency methods, using both Win BUGS 1.4.3 and STATA 13.0 software. Safety of different ventilation strategies for NRDS mortality and complications would include intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and were evaluated. Counted data was displayed by OR and 95%CI. Results: A total of 31 RCTs were included in this paper, including 5 827 preterm infants and 11 ventilation strategies. There were no statistically significant differences appearing in 11 ventilation strategies on mortality, PDA or ROP. IVH results were reported in 28 studies. Compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), both high- frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) (OR=3.33, 95%CI: 1.08-16.67, P<0.05) and synchronized intermittent mechanical ventilation (SIMV) (OR=8.22, 95%CI: 1.25-29.44, P<0.05) schemes seemed to have increased the risk of IVH in preterm infants with NRDS. NIPPV appeared the optimal ventilation strategy in the rankings of cumulative probability. Results on clustering showed that NIPPV was probably the best ventilation strategy for children with NRDS after considering the orders of IVH, PDA and ROP on mortality, respectively. However, HFOV, IMV, and SIMV did not seem to be the ideal ventilated strategies. Conclusions: Most of the clinical decision makers might prefer using NIPPV in the treatment of children with NRDS through mechanical ventilation systems to reduce both the incidence and death caused by IVH, PDA and ROP. It was not recommended to use HFOV, SIMV and IMV in treating NRDS with gestational less than 32 weeks. We suggested that larger numbers of multi-center RCTs ba carried out to make the above conclusions more convincing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Pathogenic Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Z H Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - D D Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - C F Wu
- School of Medicine, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Y L Xu
- Department of Neonatology, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - G Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - C X Jing
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Gao B, Bian XC, Yang F, Chen MX, Das D, Zhu XR, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Cao YY, Wu CF. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of faba bean in response to vernalization. Planta 2019; 251:22. [PMID: 31781953 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03308-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study unravels the transcriptional response of a highly productive faba bean cultivar under vernalization treatment. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a member of the Leguminosae family and an important food crop worldwide providing valuable nutrients for humans. However, genome-wide studies and comprehensive sequencing resources of faba bean remain limited. Vernalization is crucial for enhanced yields in a number of winter-sown crops. However, the effects of vernalization on faba bean remain unknown. In this study, we generated a high-quality transcriptome assembly and functional annotation source for vernalized faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cv. Tongxian-2, a domesticated cultivar from southern China. A total of 369.9 million clean Illumina paired-end RNA-Seq reads were generated, and the transcriptome was assembled into 68,683 unigene sequences, with an average length of 1018 bp and an N50 of 1652 bp. Comprehensive functional annotation provided putative functional descriptions for more than 70% of the faba bean transcripts. We annotated a total of 1560 faba bean transcripts encoding transcription factors (TFs) belonging to 55 distinct TF families. The bHLH (168 transcripts), ERF (123 transcripts) and WRKY (105 transcripts) contained the largest number of TFs in response to vernalization. Genome-wide transcript changes comparing vernalized and unvernalized seedlings were investigated using bioinformatics approaches, which revealed a strong repression of photosynthesis and carbon metabolism, while genes participating in 'response to stress' were significantly induced. We also specifically identified vernalization-induced twenty-two 'pollen-pistil interaction' genes. A detailed functional annotation and expression profile analyses unveiled a number of protein kinases, which were specifically induced in vernalized seedlings. We also identified a total of 6852 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in 6552 transcripts, representing a valuable genomic molecular marker resource for faba bean. In summary, this study provides new insights into the vernalization process in this economically valuable crop. The transcriptome data obtained provides us with a valuable candidate gene resource for future functional and molecular breeding studies. These data will contribute to the genome annotation for ensuing genome projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Gao
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Bian
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Debatosh Das
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiu-Ru Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun-Ying Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, China.
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Tanimoto H, Wu CF. Comparative behavioral genetics: the Yamamoto approach. J Neurogenet 2019; 33:41-43. [PMID: 31142179 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2019.1616720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Tanimoto
- a Graduate School of Life Sciences , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- b Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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18
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Kasuya J, Iyengar A, Chen HL, Lansdon P, Wu CF, Kitamoto T. Milk-whey diet substantially suppresses seizure-like phenotypes of paraShu, a Drosophila voltage-gated sodium channel mutant. J Neurogenet 2019; 33:164-178. [PMID: 31096839 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2019.1597082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Drosophila mutant paraShu harbors a dominant, gain-of-function allele of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene, paralytic (para). The mutant flies display severe seizure-like phenotypes, including neuronal hyperexcitability, spontaneous spasms, ether-induced leg shaking, and heat-induced convulsions. We unexpectedly found that two distinct food recipes used routinely in the Drosophila research community result in a striking difference in severity of the paraShu phenotypes. Namely, when paraShu mutants were raised on the diet originally formulated by Edward Lewis in 1960, they showed severe neurological defects as previously reported. In contrast, when they were raised on the diet developed by Frankel and Brousseau in 1968, these phenotypes were substantially suppressed. Comparison of the effects of these two well-established food recipes revealed that the diet-dependent phenotypic suppression is accounted for by milk whey, which is present only in the latter. Inclusion of milk whey in the diet during larval stages was critical for suppression of the adult paraShu phenotypes, suggesting that this dietary modification affects development of the nervous system. We also found that milk whey has selective effects on other neurological mutants. Among the behavioral phenotypes of different para mutant alleles, those of paraGEFS+ and parabss were suppressed by milk whey, while those of paraDS and parats1 were not significantly affected. Overall, our study demonstrates that different diets routinely used in Drosophila labs could have considerably different effects on neurological phenotypes of Drosophila mutants. This finding provides a solid foundation for further investigation into how dietary modifications affect development and function of the nervous system and, ultimately, how they influence behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kasuya
- a Department of Anesthesia, Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA
| | - Atulya Iyengar
- b Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA.,c Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA
| | - Hung-Lin Chen
- d Department of Medical Research , Tung's Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan 43503 , ROC
| | - Patrick Lansdon
- e Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- b Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA.,c Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA.,e Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA
| | - Toshihiro Kitamoto
- a Department of Anesthesia, Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA.,c Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA.,e Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics , University of Iowa , Iowa city , IA , USA
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19
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Lee J, Iyengar A, Wu CF. Distinctions among electroconvulsion- and proconvulsant-induced seizure discharges and native motor patterns during flight and grooming: quantitative spike pattern analysis in Drosophila flight muscles. J Neurogenet 2019; 33:125-142. [PMID: 30982417 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2019.1581188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In Drosophila, high-frequency electrical stimulation across the brain triggers a highly stereotypic repertoire of spasms. These electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) manifest as distinctive spiking discharges across the nervous system and can be stably assessed throughout the seizure repertoire in the large indirect flight muscles dorsal longitudinal muscles (DLMs) to characterize modifications in seizure-prone mutants. However, the relationships between ECS-spike patterns and native motor programs, including flight and grooming, are not known and their similarities and distinctions remain to be characterized. We employed quantitative spike pattern analyses for the three motor patterns including: (1) overall firing frequency, (2) spike timing between contralateral fibers, and (3) short-term variability in spike interval regularity (CV2) and instantaneous firing frequency (ISI-1). This base-line information from wild-type (WT) flies facilitated quantitative characterization of mutational effects of major neurotransmitter systems: excitatory cholinergic (Cha), inhibitory GABAergic (Rdl) and electrical (ShakB) synaptic transmission. The results provide an initial glimpse on the vulnerability of individual motor patterns to different perturbations. We found marked alterations of ECS discharge spike patterns in terms of either seizure threshold, spike frequency or spiking regularity. In contrast, no gross alterations during grooming and a small but noticeable reduction of firing frequency during Rdl mutant flight were found, suggesting a role for GABAergic modulation of flight motor programs. Picrotoxin (PTX), a known pro-convulsant that inhibits GABAA receptors, induced DLM spike patterns that displayed some features, e.g. left-right coordination and ISI-1 range, that could be found in flight or grooming, but distinct from ECS discharges. These quantitative techniques may be employed to reveal overlooked relationships among aberrant motor patterns as well as their links to native motor programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisue Lee
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Atulya Iyengar
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA.,b Interdisiplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA.,b Interdisiplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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20
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Dason JS, Sokolowski MB, Wu CF. A reductionist approach to understanding the nervous system: the Harold Atwood legacy. J Neurogenet 2018; 32:127-130. [PMID: 30484389 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2018.1504044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Dason
- a Department of Biological Sciences , University of Windsor , Windsor , Canada
| | - Marla B Sokolowski
- b Department of Cell & Systems Biology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,c Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,d Child and Brain Development Program , Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) , Toronto , Canada
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- e Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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21
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Xing X, Wu CF. Inter-relationships among physical dimensions, distal-proximal rank orders, and basal GCaMP fluorescence levels in Ca 2+ imaging of functionally distinct synaptic boutons at Drosophila neuromuscular junctions. J Neurogenet 2018; 32:195-208. [PMID: 30322321 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2018.1504043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
GCaMP imaging is widely employed for investigating neuronal Ca2+ dynamics. The Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) consists of three distinct types of motor terminals (type Ib, Is and II). We investigated whether variability in synaptic bouton sizes and GCaMP expression levels confound interpretations of GCaMP readouts, in inferring the intrinsic Ca2+ handling properties among these functionally distinct synapses. Analysis of large data sets accumulated over years established the wide ranges of bouton sizes and GCaMP baseline fluorescence, with large overlaps among synaptic categories. We showed that bouton size and GCaMP baseline fluorescence were not confounding factors in determining the characteristic frequency responses among type Ib, Is and II synapses. More importantly, the drastic phenotypes that hyperexcitability mutations manifest preferentially in particular synaptic categories, were not obscured by bouton heterogeneity in physical size and GCaMP expression level. Our data enabled an extensive analysis of the distal-proximal gradient of GCaMP responses upon genetic and pharmacological manipulations. The results illustrate the conditions that disrupt or enhance the distal-proximal gradients. For example, stimulus frequencies just above the threshold level produced the steepest gradient in low Ca2+ (0.1 mM) saline, while supra-threshold stimulation flattened the gradient. Moreover, membrane hyperexcitability mutations (eag1 Sh120 and parabss1) and mitochondrial inhibition by dinitrophenol (DNP) disrupted the gradient. However, a novel distal-proximal gradient of decay kinetics appeared after long-term DNP incubation. We performed focal recording to assess the failure rates in transmission at low Ca2+ levels, which yielded indications of a mild distal-proximal gradient in release probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Xing
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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22
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Zhu ZN, Lu Y, Wu CF, Zou SR, Liu H, Wang CF, Luo BZ, Yu HT, Mi M, Wang GQ, Xiong LB, Wang WJ, Luo CY, Zang JJ, Wang ZY, Jia XD, Feng XG, Guo CY, Wu F. [General plan of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:876-879. [PMID: 30060297 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Shanghai Diet and Health Survey (SDHS) was designed to prospectively access local residents' food consumption, energy and nutrient intake, related chemical contaminant exposure, and the seasonal change trend to explore the relationship of diet with health. Data from SDHS can be used as fundamental information and scientific evidences for the development of local nutrition and food safety policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z N Zhu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Y Lu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C F Wu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - S R Zou
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - H Liu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C F Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - B Z Luo
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - H T Yu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - M Mi
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - G Q Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - L B Xiong
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - W J Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C Y Luo
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - J J Zang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Z Y Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - X D Jia
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - X G Feng
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C Y Guo
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - F Wu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
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Dai JJ, Yang JH, Zhang SS, Niu YF, Chen YN, Wu CF, Zhang DF. Partial Recovery of Mitochondrial Function of Vitrified Porcine MII Stage Oocytes During Post-Thaw Incubation. Cryo Letters 2018; 39:39-44. [PMID: 29734413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The survival of porcine oocytes is still very low after cryopreservation. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether and when the mitochondrial function of vitrified porcine oocytes could be recovered post-thaw. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mitochondrial potential, ROS level, ATP content, apoptotic rate, caspase activity, and parthenogenetics developmental ability of thawed porcine oocytes were measured after culture in vitro for 0, 1, 2 or 4 h. RESULTS Mitochondrial potential after 2 h and 4 h post-thaw culture were 1.19 and 1.26, significantly lower than that of fresh oocytes but much higher than the groups cultured for 0 h and 1 h (P<0.05). Cryopreservation increased the ROS level in oocytes considerably, which decreased only after 2 to 4 h incubation following thaw. ATP content increased gradually over time and recovered to the level comparable to that of fresh oocytes after 4 h. Pan caspase levels increased after cryopreservation and reached the highest level at 1 h incubation. Thereafter it decreased to a low value, but still higher than fresh oocytes. Oocytes showing an early apoptotic event decreased upon 2 to 4 h incubation. The parthenogenetic cleavage and blastocyst rates were the highest (19.8% and 5.6%) after 2 h incubation. CONCLUSION The recovery of mitochondrial function could complete after 2 to 4 h post-thaw incubation. Post-thaw incubation for 2 to 4 h reduced apoptotic events and improved parthenogenetic developmental ability of vitrified porcine MII stage oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Dai
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - J H Yang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - S S Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Y F Niu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Y N Chen
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - C F Wu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - D F Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China.
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Wu CF, Yan XS, Huang JQ, Zhang JW, Wang LJ. Phase noise reduction by optical phase-locked loop for a coherent bichromatic laser based on the injection-locking technique. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:013103. [PMID: 29390657 DOI: 10.1063/1.4993262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a coherent bichromatic laser system with low phase noise. An optical injection process is used to generate coherent laser beams with a frequency difference of 9.192 631 77 GHz using an electro-optical modulator. An optical phase-locked loop is then applied to reduce the phase noise. The phase noise of the beat note is -41, -81, -98, -83, and -95 dBrad2/Hz at the offset frequencies of 1 Hz, 100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, and 1 MHz, respectively. Compared to a system that uses optical injection alone, the phase noise is reduced by up to 20-30 dB in the low-frequency range, and the intermodulation effect on the continuous atomic clock is reduced by an order of magnitude. This configuration can adjust the intensities and polarizations of the laser beams independently and reduce the phase noise caused by environmental disturbances and optical injection, which may be useful for application to atomic coherence experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Wu
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X S Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J Q Huang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J W Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L J Wang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Ruan H, Ueda A, Xing X, Wan X, Strub B, Mukai S, Certel K, Green D, Belozerov K, Yao WD, Johnson W, Jung-Ching Lin J, Hilliker AJ, Wu CF. Generation and characterization of new alleles of quiver (qvr) that encodes an extracellular modulator of the Shaker potassium channel. J Neurogenet 2017; 31:325-336. [PMID: 29117754 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2017.1393076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Our earlier genetic screen uncovered a paraquat-sensitive leg-shaking mutant quiver1 (qvr1), whose gene product interacts with the Shaker (Sh) K+ channel. We also mapped the qvr locus to EY04063 and noticed altered day-night activity patterns in these mutants. Such circadian behavioral defects were independently reported by another group, who employed the qvr1 allele we supplied them, and attributed the extreme restless phenotype of EY04063 to the qvr gene. However, their report adopted a new noncanonical gene name sleepless (sss) for qvr. In addition to qvr1 and qvrEY, our continuous effort since the early 2000s generated a number of novel recessive qvr alleles, including ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutations qvr2 and qvr3, and P-element excision lines qvrip6 (imprecise jumpout), qvrrv7, and qvrrv9 (revertants) derived from qvrEY. Distinct from the original intron-located qvr1 allele that generates abnormal-sized mRNAs, qvr2, and qvr3 had their lesion sites in exons 6 and 7, respectively, producing nearly normal-sized mRNA products. A set of RNA-editing sites are nearby the lesion sites of qvr3 and qvrEY on exon 7. Except for the revertants, all qvr alleles display a clear ether-induced leg-shaking phenotype just like Sh, and weakened climbing abilities to varying degrees. Unlike Sh, all shaking qvr alleles (except for qvrf01257) displayed a unique activity-dependent enhancement in excitatory junction potentials (EJPs) at larval neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) at very low stimulus frequencies, with qvrEY displaying the largest EJP and more significant NMJ overgrowth than other alleles. Our detailed characterization of a collection of qvr alleles helps to establish links between novel molecular lesions and different behavioral and physiological consequences, revealing how modifications of the qvr gene lead to a wide spectrum of phenotypes, including neuromuscular hyperexcitability, defective motor ability and activity-rest cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Ruan
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Xiaomin Xing
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Xuxuan Wan
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Benjamin Strub
- b Department of Biology , York University , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Spencer Mukai
- b Department of Biology , York University , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Kaan Certel
- c Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - David Green
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Kyle Belozerov
- b Department of Biology , York University , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Wei-Dong Yao
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Wayne Johnson
- c Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | | | | | - Chun-Fang Wu
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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Chandrasekhar A, Guo S, Masai I, Nicolson T, Wu CF. Zebrafish: from genes and neurons to circuits, behavior and disease. J Neurogenet 2017; 31:59-60. [PMID: 28868983 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2017.1359589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Chandrasekhar
- a Division of Biological Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Su Guo
- b Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Wheeler Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction , University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Ichiro Masai
- c Developmental Neurobiology Unit , Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University , Okinawa , Japan
| | - Teresa Nicolson
- d Oregon Hearing Research Center and the Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- e Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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Yao YM, Yan H, Zhang ZM, Wu CF, Zhang L, Yang BB. [Effects of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2017; 32:402-7. [PMID: 27464630 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of local injection of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on the healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit. METHODS ADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue of one New Zealand rabbit and then sub-cultured. ADSCs of the third passage were used in the following experiments. Twenty-four rabbits were divided into ADSCs group (n=12) and control group (n=12) according to the random number table, and one deep partial-thickness scald wound with diameter of 5 cm on the two sides of the back near the buttocks was made. From post injury day (PID) 2, 2 mL suspension of EdU-labeled ADSCs with the number of 5×10(5) per mL was subcutaneously injected in wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group, while the rabbits in control group were given 2 mL serum-free DMEM until the wounds were healed. Wound healing processes of rabbits in two groups were observed every day, and the healing time was recorded. On PID 7, 14, 21, and 28, areas of wound of three rabbits in two groups were measured and the healing rates were calculated, respectively. The healed wound tissue was harvested to observe the morphology by HE staining, and the expression of collagen fiber was observed by Masson staining. The distribution of EdU-labeled ADSCs in healed wound tissue on PID 28 was observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) of healed wound tissue on PID 7, 14, and 21 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design and paired samples t test. RESULTS (1) The wound healing time of rabbits in ADSCs group was (19.5±1.1) d post injury, which was significantly shorter than that in control group [(23.3±1.5) d, t=4.50, P<0.05]. On PID 7, wounds of rabbits in two groups were dry with no obvious exudation, and redness and swelling around wounds disappeared gradually, the wound healing rate of rabbits in ADSCs group was (15.1±2.4)%, which was close to that in control group [(13.7±3.1)%, t=1.20, P>0.05]. On PID 14, wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group were dry and scabbed obviously, and the wound healing rate was (73.1±5.7)%, while wounds of rabbits in control group were little scabbed with little exudation, and the wound healing rate was significantly lower than that in ADSCs group [(52.9±5.1)%, t=8.06, P<0.01]. On PID 21, wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group were generally healed, and the wound healing rate was (95.6±3.0)%, while a few wounds still existed in rabbits of control group, and the wound healing rate was significantly lower than that in ADSCs group [(78.6±3.7)%, t=9.73, P<0.01]. On PID 28, wounds of rabbits in two groups were totally healed with the healing rate of 100%, and texture and microvascular responses of healed wound tissue in ADSCs group were better than those in control group. (2) On PID 7, fibroblasts in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups were all increased, and there were little vascular and collagen fiber proliferation with no obvious differences. On PID 14, the number of fibroblasts in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group was more than that in control group, and the collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group were arranged in dense and uniform, while those in control group were sparse and irregular. On PID 21, skin layers were differentiated in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups, and collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group were still denser than that in control group. On PID 28, newborn skin was well differentiated in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group, which was better than that in control group. There were a lot of thick collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups, and EdU-labeled ADSCs were involved in skin texture of rabbits in ADSCs group. (3) The expressions of VEGF and EGF in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups were similar on PID 7 (with t values respectively 0.70 and 0.91, P values above 0.05), which in ADSCs group were significantly higher than those in control group on PID 14 and 21 (with t values from 2.85 to 4.81, P values below 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The transplantation of ADSCs can promote the wound healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit and shorten the wound healing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Yao
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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Ueda A, Patience T, Wu CF. Photo gallery for the special issue in honor of Barry Ganetzky. J Neurogenet 2016; 30:223-236. [PMID: 27897078 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2016.1260252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Tim Patience
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- a Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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O'Connor-Giles KM, Zhang B, Simpson JH, Wu CF. The neurogenetics of Drosophila: the Ganetzky legacy. J Neurogenet 2016; 30:149-151. [PMID: 27868460 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2016.1254629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate M O'Connor-Giles
- a Guest Editor, Laboratories of Genetics & Cell and Molecular Biology , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- b Guest Editor, Division of Biological Sciences , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Julie H Simpson
- c Guest Editor, Department Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- d Editor-in-Chief, Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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Saur T, Peng IF, Jiang P, Gong N, Yao WD, Xu TL, Wu CF. K + channel reorganization and homeostatic plasticity during postembryonic development: biophysical and genetic analyses in acutely dissociated Drosophila central neurons. J Neurogenet 2016; 30:259-275. [PMID: 27868467 PMCID: PMC5918286 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2016.1255212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic electric activities of neurons play important roles in establishing and refining neural circuits during development. However, how the underlying ionic currents undergo postembryonic reorganizations remains largely unknown. Using acutely dissociated neurons from larval, pupal, and adult Drosophila brains, we show drastic re-assemblies and compensatory regulations of voltage-gated (IKv) and Ca2+-activated (IK(Ca)) K+ currents during postembryonic development. Larval and adult neurons displayed prominent fast-inactivating IKv, mediated by the Shaker (Sh) channel to a large extent, while in the same neurons IK(Ca) was far smaller in amplitude. In contrast, pupal neurons were characterized by large sustained IKv and prominent IK(Ca), encoded predominantly by the slowpoke (slo) gene. Surprisingly, deletion of Sh in the ShM null mutant removed inactivating, transient IKv from large portions of neurons at all stages. Interestingly, elimination of Sh currents was accompanied by upregulation of non-Sh transient IKv. In comparison, the slo1 mutation abolished the vast majority of IK(Ca), particularly at the pupal stage. Strikingly, the deficiency of IK(Ca) in slo pupae was compensated by the transient component of IKv mediated by Sh channels. Thus, IK(Ca) appears to play critical roles in pupal development and its absence induces functional compensations from a specific transient IKv current. While mutants lacking either Sh or slo currents survived normally, Sh;;slo double mutants deficient in both failed to survive through pupal metamorphosis. Together, our data highlight significant reorganizations and homeostatic compensations of K+ currents during postembryonic development and uncover previously unrecognized roles for Sh and slo in this plastic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taixiang Saur
- a Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics , School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
- b Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
- c New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School , Southborough , MA , USA
| | - I-Feng Peng
- d Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Peng Jiang
- a Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics , School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
- b Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Neng Gong
- a Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics , School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
- b Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Wei-Dong Yao
- c New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School , Southborough , MA , USA
| | - Tian-Le Xu
- a Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics , School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
- b Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- a Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics , School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
- b Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
- d Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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Li P, Qian L, Wu WD, Wu CF, Ouyang J. Impact of pedicle-lengthening osteotomy on spinal canal volume and neural foramen size in three types of lumbar spinal stenosis. Bone Joint Res 2016; 5:239-46. [PMID: 27340140 PMCID: PMC4957177 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.56.2000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Pedicle-lengthening osteotomy is a novel surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), which achieves substantial enlargement of the spinal canal by expansion of the bilateral pedicle osteotomy sites. Few studies have evaluated the impact of this new surgery on spinal canal volume (SCV) and neural foramen dimension (NFD) in three different types of LSS patients. Methods CT scans were performed on 36 LSS patients (12 central canal stenosis (CCS), 12 lateral recess stenosis (LRS), and 12 foraminal stenosis (FS)) at L4-L5, and on 12 normal (control) subjects. Mimics 14.01 workstation was used to reconstruct 3D models of the L4-L5 vertebrae and discs. SCV and NFD were measured after 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm pedicle-lengthening osteotomies at L4 and/or L5. One-way analysis of variance was used to examine between-group differences. Results In the intact state, SVC and NFD were significantly larger in the control group compared with the LSS groups (P<0.05). After lengthening at L4, the percentage increase in SCV (per millimetre) was LRS>CCS>FS>Control. After lengthening at L5 and L4-L5, the percentage increase in SCV (per millimetre) was LRS>FS>CCS>Control. After lengthening at L4 and L4-L5, the percentage increase in NFD (per millimetre) was FS>CCS>LRS>Control. After lengthening at L5, the percentage increase in NFD (per millimetre) was CCS>LRS>control>FS. Conclusions LRS patients are the most suitable candidates for treatment with pedicle-lengthening osteotomy. Lengthening L4 pedicles produced larger percentage increases in NFD than lengthening L5 pedicles (p < 0.05). Lengthening L4 pedicles may be the most effective option for relieving foraminal compression in LSS patients. Cite this article: P. Li, L. Qian, W. D. Wu, C. F. Wu, J. Ouyang. Impact of pedicle-lengthening osteotomy on spinal canal volume and neural foramen size in three types of lumbar spinal stenosis. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:239–246. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.56.2000469.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Li
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics and Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - L Qian
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics and Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - W D Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi, 543000, P. R. China
| | - C F Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, and the Affiliated Putian Hospital of Southern Medical University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, P.R.China
| | - J Ouyang
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Burgess HA, Lee CH, Wu CF. Neurogenetics of connectomes: from fly to fish. J Neurogenet 2016; 30:51-3. [PMID: 27309474 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2016.1183669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harold A Burgess
- a Guest Editor Division of Developmental Biology , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Chi-Hon Lee
- b Guest Editor Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- c Editor-in-Chief Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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Dai JJ, Niu YF, Wu CF, Zhang SH, Zhang DF. Both death receptor and mitochondria mediated apoptotic pathways participated the occurrence of apoptosis in porcine vitrified mii stage oocytes. Cryo Letters 2016; 37:129-136. [PMID: 27224525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oocytes vitrification is widely used for cryopreservation of female genetic resources. OBJECTIVE In order to illuminate the apoptotic pathways of porcine MII stage oocytes after vitrification. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study used in situ fluorescence staining and RT-PCR to detect the expression levels of some key molecules from death receptor and mitochondria mediated apoptotic pathways. RESULTS (1) Early stage apoptosis were detected in both PI staining survival oocytes and PI staining dead oocytes. (2) The fluorescence intensity of caspase 8, caspase 9, caspase 3 and pan caspase from vitrified oocytes were 32.03, 16.56, 16.70 and 8.43 respectively, which were much higher than those from fresh oocytes (4.02, 4.83, 4.23 and 3.08, P < 0.05). (3) Not only the genes from death receptor mediated apoptotic pathway, but also from mitochondrial mediated apoptotic pathway were changed greatly. CONCLUSION The death of porcine vitrified oocytes could be induced by apoptosis, both death receptor and mitochondria mediated apoptotic pathways participated the occurrence of apoptosis in porcine vitrified MII stage oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Dai
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - Y F Niu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - C F Wu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - S H Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China
| | - D F Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, China.
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Bejaimal SAD, Wu CF, Lowe J, Feig DS, Shah BR, Lipscombe LL. Short-term risk of cancer among women with previous gestational diabetes: a population-based study. Diabet Med 2016; 33:39-46. [PMID: 25970380 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the relationship between gestational diabetes (GDM) and incidence of cancer in women within the first decade postpartum. METHODS This population-based retrospective cohort study compared the risk of cancer in women with GDM with that of a matched control group comprising pregnant women without diabetes. We included women from Ontario, Canada aged 20-50 years with no history of cancer who had given birth between 1995 and 2008 (N = 149 049). Women with GDM (N = 49 684) were matched on age and year of giving birth, in a ratio of 1:2, to pregnant women without diabetes (N = 99 365). RESULTS Over a median 8-year follow-up, there were a total of 2927 (1.5%) cancers. After adjustment for covariates, we found no significant difference in overall risk of cancer between women with GDM and matched control subjects; however, GDM was associated with a significantly greater risk of thyroid cancer (adjusted hazard ratio 1.24, 95% CI 1.05, 1.46) and a significantly lower risk of premenopausal breast cancer (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.75, 0.98) compared with matched control subjects. CONCLUSIONS This large population-based study did not find a greater risk of cancers among women with GDM during the first decade postpartum; however, GDM was associated with a higher risk of thyroid cancer and a lower risk of premenopausal breast cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A D Bejaimal
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C F Wu
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Lowe
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D S Feig
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B R Shah
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L L Lipscombe
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Yu XH, Zhang Q, Yang XP, Yang W, Dai F, Qian Z, Wang ZL, Wu CF, Zhao HZ, Wang GH. Expression of macrophage migration-inhibitory factor in duodenal ulcer and its relation to Helicobacter pylori infection. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:13860-7. [PMID: 26535701 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.29.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the expression of macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) in duodenal ulcer epithelial cells and its relation to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, and to discuss the pathogenic roles of MIF expression and Hp infection in duodenal ulcer. MIF protein and mRNA expression was examined in samples from patients with duodenal ulcer with and without Hp infection (N = 40 each, experimental group), and in normal duodenal bulb mucosal tissue (N = 40, control group) using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Patients without Hp infection received routine treatment, and treatment was provided to the patients positive for Hp to eradicate Hp infection. Hp and MIF expression levels before treatment and after the ulcer had been cured were compared. The positive rates of MIF protein and mRNA in patients with Hp infection before treatment were 67.5 and 65%, respectively, and were 18.9 and 21.6% in the 37 patients from whom Hp was eliminated. These were statistically different both before and after treatment compared with controls (P < 0.05). In the patients without Hp infection, the positive rates of MIF protein and mRNA expression before (45 and 47.5%, respectively) and after (32.5 and 30%) treatment were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The results of this study suggested that MIF is related to the development of duodenal ulcer, and that the presence of Hp is closely related with the expression of MIF in the duodenal mucosa and the development of duodenal ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - X P Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - W Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - F Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Z Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Z L Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - C F Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - H Z Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - G H Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Abstract
Rogue waves are unexpectedly large and localized displacements from an equilibrium position or an otherwise calm background. For the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) model widely used in fluid mechanics and optics, these waves can occur only when dispersion and nonlinearity are of the same sign, a regime of modulation instability. For coupled NLS equations, rogue waves will arise even if dispersion and nonlinearity are of opposite signs in each component as new regimes of modulation instability will appear in the coupled system. The same phenomenon will be demonstrated here for a coupled "AB" system, a wave-current interaction model describing baroclinic instability processes in geophysical flows. Indeed, the onset of modulation instability correlates precisely with the existence criterion for rogue waves for this system. Transitions from "elevation" rogue waves to "depression" rogue waves are elucidated analytically. The dispersion relation as a polynomial of the fourth order may possess double pairs of complex roots, leading to multiple configurations of rogue waves for a given set of input parameters. For special parameter regimes, the dispersion relation reduces to a cubic polynomial, allowing the existence criterion for rogue waves to be computed explicitly. Numerical tests correlating modulation instability and evolution of rogue waves were conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Wu
- Department of Mathematics, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - R H J Grimshaw
- Department of Mathematics, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - K W Chow
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - H N Chan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Soong BW, Wu CF. Neurodegenerative diseases: from the bench to the clinic. J Neurogenet 2015; 29:39-40. [PMID: 26327147 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2015.1078330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Wen Soong
- a Department of Neurology , National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- b Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa , USA
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Wise A, Tenezaca L, Fernandez RW, Schatoff E, Flores J, Ueda A, Zhong X, Wu CF, Simon AF, Venkatesh T. Drosophila mutants of the autism candidate gene neurobeachin (rugose) exhibit neuro-developmental disorders, aberrant synaptic properties, altered locomotion, and impaired adult social behavior and activity patterns. J Neurogenet 2015; 29:135-43. [PMID: 26100104 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2015.1064916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in humans characterized by complex behavioral deficits, including intellectual disability, impaired social interactions, and hyperactivity. ASD exhibits a strong genetic component with underlying multigene interactions. Candidate gene studies have shown that the neurobeachin (NBEA) gene is disrupted in human patients with idiopathic autism ( Castermans et al., 2003 ). The NBEA gene spans the common fragile site FRA 13A and encodes a signal scaffold protein ( Savelyeva et al., 2006 ). In mice, NBEA has been shown to be involved in the trafficking and function of a specific subset of synaptic vesicles. ( Medrihan et al., 2009 ; Savelyeva et al., 2006 ). Rugose (rg) is the Drosophila homolog of the mammalian and human NBEA. Our previous genetic and molecular analyses have shown that rg encodes an A kinase anchor protein (DAKAP 550), which interacts with components of the epidermal growth factor receptor or EGFR and Notch-mediated signaling pathways, facilitating cross talk between these and other pathways ( Shamloula et al., 2002 ). We now present functional data from studies on the larval neuromuscular junction that reveal abnormal synaptic architecture and physiology. In addition, adult rg loss-of-function mutants exhibit defective social interactions, impaired habituation, aberrant locomotion, and hyperactivity. These results demonstrate that Drosophila NBEA (rg) mutants exhibit phenotypic characteristics reminiscent of human ASD and thus could serve as a genetic model for studying ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Wise
- a Department of Biology , City College of New York , NY , USA
| | - Luis Tenezaca
- a Department of Biology , City College of New York , NY , USA
| | - Robert W Fernandez
- b Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry , Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut , USA
| | - Emma Schatoff
- a Department of Biology , City College of New York , NY , USA
| | - Julian Flores
- a Department of Biology , City College of New York , NY , USA
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- c Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Xiaotian Zhong
- c Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- c Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Anne F Simon
- d Department of Biology,Western University , Ontario , Canada
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Zhao XY, Wu CF, Yang J, Gao Y, Sun FJ, Wang DX, Wang CH, Lin BC. Effect of arginine vasopressin on the cortex edema in the ischemic stroke of Mongolian gerbils. Neuropeptides 2015; 51:55-62. [PMID: 25843346 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Brain edema formation is one of the most important mechanisms of ischemia-evoked cerebral edema. It has been demonstrated that arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors are involved in the pathophysiology of secondary brain damage after focal cerebral ischemia. In a well-characterized animal model of ischemic stroke of Mongolian gerbils, the present study was undertaken to clear the effect of AVP on cortex edema in cerebral ischemia. The results showed that (1) occluding the left carotid artery of Mongolian gerbils not only decreased the cortex specific gravity (cortex edema) but also increased AVP levels in the ipsilateral cortex (ischemic area) including left prefrontal lobe, left parietal lobe, left temporal lobe, left occipital lobe and left hippocampus for the first 6 hours, and did not change of the cortex specific gravity and AVP concentration in the right cortex (non-ischemic area); (2) there were many negative relationships between the specific gravity and AVP levels in the ischemic cortex; (3) intranasal AVP (50 ng or 200 ng), which could pass through the blood-brain barrier to the brain, aggravated the focal cortex edema, whereas intranasal AVP receptor antagonist-D(CH2)5Tyr(ET)DAVP (2 µg) mitigated the cortex edema in the ischemic area after occluding the left carotid artery of Mongolian gerbils; and (4) either intranasal AVP or AVP receptor antagonist did not evoke that edema in the non-ischemic cortex. The data indicated that AVP participated in the process of ischemia-evoked cortex edema, and the cerebral AVP receptor might serve as an important therapeutic target for the ischemia-evoked cortex edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China.
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Xinjiang Nikanka Biological Ltd., Co., Huocheng, Xinjiang 835207, China; Jiangsu Su Bei People's Hospital, Clinical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China; Xinxiang Institute for New Medicine, Standard Technological Co. Ltd., Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China.
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Neurology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China
| | - Fang-Jie Sun
- Xinjiang Nikanka Biological Ltd., Co., Huocheng, Xinjiang 835207, China
| | - Da-Xin Wang
- Jiangsu Su Bei People's Hospital, Clinical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Chang-Hong Wang
- Henan Provincial Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Rinkevich FD, Du Y, Tolinski J, Ueda A, Wu CF, Zhorov BS, Dong K. Distinct roles of the DmNav and DSC1 channels in the action of DDT and pyrethroids. Neurotoxicology 2015; 47:99-106. [PMID: 25687544 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav channels) are critical for electrical signaling in the nervous system and are the primary targets of the insecticides DDT and pyrethroids. In Drosophila melanogaster, besides the canonical Nav channel, Para (also called DmNav), there is a sodium channel-like cation channel called DSC1 (Drosophila sodium channel 1). Temperature-sensitive paralytic mutations in DmNav (para(ts)) confer resistance to DDT and pyrethroids, whereas DSC1 knockout flies exhibit enhanced sensitivity to pyrethroids. To further define the roles and interaction of DmNav and DSC1 channels in DDT and pyrethroid neurotoxicology, we generated a DmNav/DSC1 double mutant line by introducing a para(ts1) allele (carrying the I265N mutation) into a DSC1 knockout line. We confirmed that the I265N mutation reduced the sensitivity to two pyrethroids, permethrin and deltamethrin of a DmNav variant expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Computer modeling predicts that the I265N mutation confers pyrethroid resistance by allosterically altering the second pyrethroid receptor site on the DmNav channel. Furthermore, we found that I265N-mediated pyrethroid resistance in para(ts1) mutant flies was almost completely abolished in para(ts1);DSC1(-/-) double mutant flies. Unexpectedly, however, the DSC1 knockout flies were less sensitive to DDT, compared to the control flies (w(1118A)), and the para(ts1);DSC1(-/-) double mutant flies were even more resistant to DDT compared to the DSC1 knockout or para(ts1) mutant. Our findings revealed distinct roles of the DmNav and DSC1 channels in the neurotoxicology of DDT vs. pyrethroids and implicate the exciting possibility of using DSC1 channel blockers or modifiers in the management of pyrethroid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D Rinkevich
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Yuzhe Du
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Josh Tolinski
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Boris S Zhorov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology & Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
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Ueda A, Wu CF. The role of cAMP in synaptic homeostasis in response to environmental temperature challenges and hyperexcitability mutations. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:10. [PMID: 25698925 PMCID: PMC4313691 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis is the ability of physiological systems to regain functional balance following environment or experimental insults and synaptic homeostasis has been demonstrated in various species following genetic or pharmacological disruptions. Among environmental challenges, homeostatic responses to temperature extremes are critical to animal survival under natural conditions. We previously reported that axon terminal arborization in Drosophila larval neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is enhanced at elevated temperatures; however, the amplitude of excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) remains unaltered despite the increase in synaptic bouton numbers. Here we determine the cellular basis of this homeostatic adjustment in larvae reared at high temperature (HT, 29°C). We found that synaptic current focally recorded from individual synaptic boutons was unaffected by rearing temperature (<15°C to >30°C). However, HT rearing decreased the quantal size (amplitude of spontaneous miniature EJPs, or mEJPs), which compensates for the increased number of synaptic releasing sites to retain a normal EJP size. The quantal size decrease is accounted for by a decrease in input resistance of the postsynaptic muscle fiber, indicating an increase in membrane area that matches the synaptic growth at HT. Interestingly, a mutation in rutabaga (rut) encoding adenylyl cyclase (AC) exhibited no obvious changes in quantal size or input resistance of postsynaptic muscle cells after HT rearing, suggesting an important role for rut AC in temperature-induced synaptic homeostasis in Drosophila. This extends our previous finding of rut-dependent synaptic homeostasis in hyperexcitable mutants, e.g., slowpoke (slo). In slo larvae, the lack of BK channel function is partially ameliorated by upregulation of presynaptic Shaker (Sh) IA current to limit excessive transmitter release in addition to postsynaptic glutamate receptor recomposition that reduces the quantal size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa Iowa City, IA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Yao
- Guest Editor, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School Southborough , Massachusetts , USA
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Amin L, Shah BR, Bierman AS, Lipscombe LL, Wu CF, Feig DS, Booth GL. Gender differences in the impact of poverty on health: disparities in risk of diabetes-related amputation. Diabet Med 2014; 31:1410-7. [PMID: 24863747 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the combined impact of socio-economic status and gender on the risk of diabetes-related lower extremity amputation within a universal healthcare system. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study using administrative health databases from Ontario, Canada. Adults with pre-existing or newly diagnosed diabetes (N = 606 494) were included and the incidence of lower extremity amputation was assessed for the period 1 April 2002 to 31 March 2009. Socio-economic status was based on neighbourhood-level income groups, assigned to individuals using the Canadian Census and their postal code of residence. RESULTS Low socio-economic status was associated with a significantly higher incidence of lower extremity amputation (27.0 vs 19.3 per 10,000 person-years in the lowest (Q1) vs the highest (Q5) socio-economic status quintile. This relationship persisted after adjusting for primary care use, region of residence and comorbidity, and was greater among men (adjusted Q1:Q5 hazard ratio 1.41, 95% CI 1.30-1.54; P < 0.0001 for all male gender-socio-economic status interactions) than women (hazard ratio 1.20, 95% CI 1.06-1.36). Overall, the incidence of lower extremity amputation was higher among men than women (hazard ratio for men vs women: 1.87, 95% CI 1.79-1.96), with the greatest disparity between men in the lowest socio-economic status category and women in the highest (hazard ratio 2.39, 95% CI 2.06-2.77 and hazard ratio 2.30, 95% CI 1.97-2.68, for major and minor amputation, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Despite universal access to hospital and physician care, we found marked socio-economic status and gender disparities in the risk of lower extremity amputation among patients with diabetes. Men living in low-income neighbourhoods were at greatest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Amin
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Reiff DF, Wu CF. A special issue on Drosophila neurogenetics in honor of Karl-Friedrich Fischbach. J Neurogenet 2014; 28:165-6. [PMID: 25155045 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2014.958153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dierk F Reiff
- University of Freiburg , Germany . Co-organizer, "The Nervous System of Drosophila melanogaster: from Development to Function"
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Iyengar A, Wu CF. Flight and seizure motor patterns in Drosophila mutants: simultaneous acoustic and electrophysiological recordings of wing beats and flight muscle activity. J Neurogenet 2014; 28:316-28. [PMID: 25159538 PMCID: PMC5555410 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2014.957827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Tethered flies allow studies of biomechanics and electrophysiology of flight control. We performed microelectrode recordings of spikes in an indirect flight muscle (the dorsal longitudinal muscle, DLMa) coupled with acoustic analysis of wing beat frequency (WBF) via microphone signals. Simultaneous electrophysiological recording of direct and indirect flight muscles has been technically challenging; however, the WBF is thought to reflect in a one-to-one relationship with spiking activity in a subset of direct flight muscles, including muscle m1b. Therefore, our approach enables systematic mutational analysis for changes in temporal features of electrical activity of motor neurons innervating subsets of direct and indirect flight muscles. Here, we report the consequences of specific ion channel disruptions on the spiking activity of myogenic DLMs (firing at ∼5 Hz) and the corresponding WBF (∼200 Hz). We examined mutants of the genes enconding: 1) voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (cacophony, cac), 2) Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (slowpoke, slo), and 3) voltage-gated K(+) channels (Shaker, Sh) and their auxiliary subunits (Hyperkinetic, Hk and quiver, qvr). We found flight initiation in response to an air puff was severely disrupted in both cac and slo mutants. However, once initiated, slo flight was largely unaltered, whereas cac displayed disrupted DLM firing rates and WBF. Sh, Hk, and qvr mutants were able to maintain normal DLM firing rates, despite increased WBF. Notably, defects in the auxiliary subunits encoded by Hk and qvr could lead to distinct consequences, that is, disrupted DLM firing rhythmicity, not observed in Sh. Our mutant analysis of direct and indirect flight muscle activities indicates that the two motor activity patterns may be independently modified by specific ion channel mutations, and that this approach can be extended to other dipteran species and additional motor programs, such as electroconvulsive stimulation-induced seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atulya Iyengar
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Ehaideb SN, Iyengar A, Ueda A, Iacobucci GJ, Cranston C, Bassuk AG, Gubb D, Axelrod JD, Gunawardena S, Wu CF, Manak JR. prickle modulates microtubule polarity and axonal transport to ameliorate seizures in flies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:11187-92. [PMID: 25024231 PMCID: PMC4121842 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1403357111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent analyses in flies, mice, zebrafish, and humans showed that mutations in prickle orthologs result in epileptic phenotypes, although the mechanism responsible for generating the seizures was unknown. Here, we show that Prickle organizes microtubule polarity and affects their growth dynamics in axons of Drosophila neurons, which in turn influences both anterograde and retrograde vesicle transport. We also show that enhancement of the anterograde transport mechanism is the cause of the seizure phenotype in flies, which can be suppressed by reducing the level of either of two Kinesin motor proteins responsible for anterograde vesicle transport. Additionally, we show that seizure-prone prickle mutant flies have electrophysiological defects similar to other fly mutants used to study seizures, and that merely altering the balance of the two adult prickle isoforms in neurons can predispose flies to seizures. These data reveal a previously unidentified pathway in the pathophysiology of seizure disorders and provide evidence for a more generalized cellular mechanism whereby Prickle mediates polarity by influencing microtubule-mediated transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salleh N Ehaideb
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Programs in Genetics,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Gary J Iacobucci
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | | | | | - David Gubb
- Reponse Immunitaire et Developpment, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France; and
| | - Jeffrey D Axelrod
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Shermali Gunawardena
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Programs in Genetics,Neuroscience, andDepartments of Biology and
| | - J Robert Manak
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Programs in Genetics,Departments of Biology andPediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242;
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Liu L, Wu CF. Distinct effects of Abelson kinase mutations on myocytes and neurons in dissociated Drosophila embryonic cultures: mimicking of high temperature. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86438. [PMID: 24466097 PMCID: PMC3897706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl) is known to regulate axon guidance, muscle development, and cell-cell interaction in vivo. The Drosophila primary culture system offers advantages in exploring the cellular mechanisms mediated by Abl with utilizing various experimental manipulations. Here we demonstrate that single-embryo cultures exhibit stage-dependent characteristics of cellular differentiation and developmental progression in neurons and myocytes, as well as nerve-muscle contacts. In particular, muscle development critically depends on the stage of dissociated embryos. In wild-type (WT) cultures derived from embryos before stage 12, muscle cells remained within cell clusters and were rarely detected. Interestingly, abundant myocytes were spotted in Abl mutant cultures, exhibiting enhanced myocyte movement and fusion, as well as neuron-muscle contacts even in cultures dissociated from younger, stage 10 embryos. Notably, Abl myocytes frequently displayed well-expanded lamellipodia. Conversely, Abl neurons were characterized with fewer large veil-like lamellipodia, but instead had increased numbers of filopodia and darker nodes along neurites. These distinct phenotypes were equally evident in both homo- and hetero-zygous cultures (Abl/Abl vs. Abl/+) of different alleles (Abl1 and Abl4) indicating dominant mutational effects. Strikingly, in WT cultures derived from stage 10 embryos, high temperature (HT) incubation promoted muscle migration and fusion, partially mimicking the advanced muscle development typical of Abl cultures. However, HT enhanced neuronal growth with increased numbers of enlarged lamellipodia, distinct from the characteristic Abl neuronal morphology. Intriguingly, HT incubation also promoted Abl lamellipodia expansion, with a much greater effect on nerve cells than muscle. Our results suggest that Abl is an essential regulator for myocyte and neuron development and that high-temperature incubation partially mimics the faster muscle development typical of Abl cultures. Despite the extensive alterations by Abl mutations, we observed myocyte fusion events and nerve-muscle contact formation between WT and Abl cells in mixed WT and Abl cultures derived from labeled embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
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Wu CF, Li ZM, Xu XN, Zhao ZX, Zhao X, Wang RX, Li ZT. Folding-Induced Folding: The Assembly of Aromatic Amide and 1,2,3-Triazole Hybrid Helices. Chemistry 2014; 20:1418-26. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ishimoto H, Wang Z, Rao Y, Wu CF, Kitamoto T. A novel role for ecdysone in Drosophila conditioned behavior: linking GPCR-mediated non-canonical steroid action to cAMP signaling in the adult brain. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003843. [PMID: 24130506 PMCID: PMC3794910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological actions of steroid hormones are mediated primarily by their cognate nuclear receptors, which serve as steroid-dependent transcription factors. However, steroids can also execute their functions by modulating intracellular signaling cascades rapidly and independently of transcriptional regulation. Despite the potential significance of such "non-genomic" steroid actions, their biological roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood, particularly with regard to their effects on behavioral regulation. The major steroid hormone in the fruit fly Drosophila is 20-hydroxy-ecdysone (20E), which plays a variety of pivotal roles during development via the nuclear ecdysone receptors. Here we report that DopEcR, a G-protein coupled receptor for ecdysteroids, is involved in activity- and experience-dependent plasticity of the adult central nervous system. Remarkably, a courtship memory defect in rutabaga (Ca²⁺/calmodulin-responsive adenylate cyclase) mutants was rescued by DopEcR overexpression or acute 20E feeding, whereas a memory defect in dunce (cAMP-specific phosphodiestrase) mutants was counteracted when a loss-of-function DopEcR mutation was introduced. A memory defect caused by suppressing dopamine synthesis was also restored through enhanced DopEcR-mediated ecdysone signaling, and rescue and phenocopy experiments revealed that the mushroom body (MB)--a brain region central to learning and memory in Drosophila--is critical for the DopEcR-dependent processing of courtship memory. Consistent with this finding, acute 20E feeding induced a rapid, DopEcR-dependent increase in cAMP levels in the MB. Our multidisciplinary approach demonstrates that DopEcR mediates the non-canonical actions of 20E and rapidly modulates adult conditioned behavior through cAMP signaling, which is universally important for neural plasticity. This study provides novel insights into non-genomic actions of steroids, and opens a new avenue for genetic investigation into an underappreciated mechanism critical to behavioral control by steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishimoto
- Department of Anesthesia and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Yi Rao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Programs in Genetics and Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Toshihiro Kitamoto
- Department of Anesthesia and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Programs in Genetics and Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lee J, Ueda A, Wu CF. Distinct roles of Drosophila cacophony and Dmca1D Ca(2+) channels in synaptic homeostasis: genetic interactions with slowpoke Ca(2+) -activated BK channels in presynaptic excitability and postsynaptic response. Dev Neurobiol 2013; 74:1-15. [PMID: 23959639 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) influx through voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels and its feedback regulation by Ca(2+) -activated K(+) (BK) channels is critical in Ca(2+) -dependent cellular processes, including synaptic transmission, growth and homeostasis. Here we report differential roles of cacophony (CaV 2) and Dmca1D (CaV 1) Ca(2+) channels in synaptic transmission and in synaptic homeostatic regulations induced by slowpoke (slo) BK channel mutations. At Drosophila larval neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), a well-established homeostatic mechanism of transmitter release enhancement is triggered by experimentally suppressing postsynaptic receptor response. In contrast, a distinct homeostatic adjustment is induced by slo mutations. To compensate for the loss of BK channel control presynaptic Sh K(+) current is upregulated to suppress transmitter release, coupled with a reduction in quantal size. We demonstrate contrasting effects of cac and Dmca1D channels in decreasing transmitter release and muscle excitability, respectively, consistent with their predominant pre- vs. postsynaptic localization. Antibody staining indicated reduced postsynaptic GluRII receptor subunit density and altered ratio of GluRII A and B subunits in slo NMJs, leading to quantal size reduction. Such slo-triggered modifications were suppressed in cac;;slo larvae, correlated with a quantal size reversion to normal in double mutants, indicating a role of cac Ca(2+) channels in slo-triggered homeostatic processes. In Dmca1D;slo double mutants, the quantal size and quantal content were not drastically different from those of slo, although Dmca1D suppressed the slo-induced satellite bouton overgrowth. Taken together, cac and Dmca1D Ca(2+) channels differentially contribute to functional and structural aspects of slo-induced synaptic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.,Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-Si, Kyoungsangnam-Do, 626-870, Korea
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wu
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.,Department of Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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