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Ballasch I, De Kruif A, Hendel MK, Rohr C, Brünecke I, Kalbe E, Völter C, Kessler J. [O-DEM: a new cognitive screening in patients with hearing loss]. HNO 2023; 71:599-606. [PMID: 37095308 PMCID: PMC10462505 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-023-01293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing loss is a significant risk factor for dementia. To date, cognitive impairment and dementia in patients with hearing impairment (HI) cannot be adequately diagnosed by commonly administered cognitive screening tests due to sensory impairments. Therefore, an adapted screening is needed. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a cognitive screening for people with HI. MATERIALS AND METHODS The new cognitive screening, called O‑DEM, entails a word fluency test, the Trail Making Test A (TMT-A), and a subtraction task. First, the O‑DEM was tested in a large clinical sample (N = 2837) of people without subjective HI. In a second step, the O‑DEM was evaluated in 213 patients with objectively assessed HI and compared with the Hearing-Impaired Montreal Cognitive Assessment (HI-MoCA). RESULTS The results indicate that the O‑DEM subtests significantly discriminate between participants with no, mild, and moderate to severe cognitive impairment. Based on the mean and standard deviation of the participants without cognitive impairment, a transformation of the raw scores was performed and a total score with a maximum value of 10 was determined. In the second part of the study, the O‑DEM was shown to be as sensitive as the HI-MoCA in differentiating between people with and without cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Compared to other screenings, the O‑DEM is a quickly administrable screening for the detection of mild and moderate cognitive impairment in people with HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ballasch
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - A De Kruif
- Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Katholisches Klinikum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - M K Hendel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - C Rohr
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - I Brünecke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - E Kalbe
- Medizinische Psychologie I Neuropsychologie und Gender Studies, Centrum für neuropsychologische Diagnostik und Intervention (CeNDI), Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - C Völter
- Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Katholisches Klinikum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - J Kessler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
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Park SK, Friedrich L, Yahya N, Rohr C, Maillard D, Rippmann F, Spangenberg T, Marchant JS. Mechanism of Praziquantel Action at a Transient Receptor Potential Channel. Biophys J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Dierck F, Kuhn C, Rohr C, Hille S, Braune J, Sossalla S, Molt S, van der Ven PFM, Fürst DO, Frey N. The novel cardiac z-disc protein CEFIP regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by modulating calcineurin signaling. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:15180-15191. [PMID: 28717008 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.786764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The z-disc is a structural component at the lateral borders of the sarcomere and is important for mechanical stability and contractility of both cardiac and skeletal muscles. Of note, the sarcomeric z-disc also represents a nodal point in cardiomyocyte function and signaling. Mutations of numerous z-disc proteins are associated with cardiomyopathies and muscle diseases. To identify additional z-disc proteins that might contribute to cardiac disease, we employed an in silico screen for cardiac-enriched cDNAs. This screen yielded a previously uncharacterized protein named cardiac-enriched FHL2-interacting protein (CEFIP), which exhibited a heart- and skeletal muscle-specific expression profile. Importantly, CEFIP was located at the z-disc and was up-regulated in several models of cardiomyopathy. We also found that CEFIP overexpression induced the fetal gene program and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Yeast two-hybrid screens revealed that CEFIP interacts with the calcineurin-binding protein four and a half LIM domains 2 (FHL2). Because FHL2 binds calcineurin, a phosphatase controlling hypertrophic signaling, we examined the effects of CEFIP on the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) pathway. These experiments revealed that CEFIP overexpression further enhances calcineurin-dependent hypertrophic signal transduction, and its knockdown repressed hypertrophy and calcineurin/NFAT activity. In summary, we report on a previously uncharacterized protein CEFIP that modulates calcineurin/NFAT signaling in cardiomyocytes, a finding with possible implications for the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Dierck
- From the Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel.,the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel
| | - Christian Kuhn
- From the Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel.,the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel
| | - Claudia Rohr
- the Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, and
| | - Susanne Hille
- From the Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel.,the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel
| | - Julia Braune
- the Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- From the Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel.,the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel
| | - Sibylle Molt
- the Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter F M van der Ven
- the Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter O Fürst
- the Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- From the Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, .,the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel
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Bernt A, Rangrez AY, Eden M, Jungmann A, Katz S, Rohr C, Müller OJ, Katus HA, Sossalla ST, Williams T, Ritter O, Frank D, Frey N. Sumoylation-independent activation of Calcineurin-NFAT-signaling via SUMO2 mediates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35758. [PMID: 27767176 PMCID: PMC5073337 DOI: 10.1038/srep35758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify unknown modulators of Calcineurin (Cn)-NFAT signaling. Measurement of NFAT reporter driven luciferase activity was therefore utilized to screen a human cardiac cDNA-library (~107 primary clones) in C2C12 cells through serial dilutions until single clones could be identified. This extensive screening strategy culminated in the identification of SUMO2 as a most efficient Cn-NFAT activator. SUMO2-mediated activation of Cn-NFAT signaling in cardiomyocytes translated into a hypertrophic phenotype. Prohypertrophic effects were also observed in mice expressing SUMO2 in the heart using AAV9 (Adeno-associated virus), complementing the in vitro findings. In addition, increased SUMO2-mediated sumoylation in human cardiomyopathy patients and in mouse models of cardiomyopathy were observed. To decipher the underlying mechanism, we generated a sumoylation-deficient SUMO2 mutant (ΔGG). Surprisingly, ΔGG replicated Cn-NFAT-activation and the prohypertrophic effects of native SUMO2, both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a sumoylation-independent mechanism. Finally, we discerned a direct interaction between SUMO2 and CnA, which promotes CnA nuclear localization. In conclusion, we identified SUMO2 as a novel activator of Cn-NFAT signaling in cardiomyocytes. In broader terms, these findings reveal an unexpected role for SUMO2 in cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy, which may open the possibility for therapeutic manipulation of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bernt
- Dept of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology) UKSH, Campus Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ashraf Y Rangrez
- Dept of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology) UKSH, Campus Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Eden
- Dept of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology) UKSH, Campus Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Jungmann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany.,Dept of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Katz
- Dept of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Rohr
- Dept of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany.,Dept of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany.,Dept of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Samuel T Sossalla
- Dept of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology) UKSH, Campus Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tatjana Williams
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany.,Dept of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Ritter
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany.,Dept of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Derk Frank
- Dept of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology) UKSH, Campus Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Dept of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology) UKSH, Campus Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
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Balbás Gambra M, Rohr C, Gruber K, Hermann BA, Franosch T. Simulating self-organized molecular patterns using interaction-site models. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2012; 35:1-8. [PMID: 22457153 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2012-12025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Molecular building blocks interacting at the nanoscale organize spontaneously into stable monolayers that display intriguing long-range ordering motifs on the surface of atomic substrates. The patterning process, if appropriately controlled, represents a viable route to manufacture practical nanodevices. With this goal in mind, we seek to capture the salient features of the self-assembly process by means of an interaction-site model. The geometry of the building blocks, the symmetry of the underlying substrate, and the strength and range of interactions encode the self-assembly process. By means of Monte Carlo simulations, we have predicted an ample variety of ordering motifs which nicely reproduce the experimental results. Here, we explore in detail the phase behavior of the system in terms of the temperature and the lattice constant of the underlying substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Balbás Gambra
- Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics and Center for NanoScience, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
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Rohr C, Balbás Gambra M, Gruber K, Constable EC, Frey E, Franosch T, Hermann BA. Molecular jigsaw: pattern diversity encoded by elementary geometrical features. Nano Lett 2010; 10:833-837. [PMID: 20158248 DOI: 10.1021/nl903225j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of self-organized monolayers of Frechet dendrons display a variety of two-dimensional ordering motifs, which are influenced by engineering the molecular interactions. An interaction-site model condenses the essential molecular properties determined by molecular mechanics modeling, which in a Monte Carlo approach successfully predicts the various ordering motifs. This confirms that geometry as well as a few salient weak interaction sites encode these structural motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rohr
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS) and Walther-Meissner-Institute of Low Temperature Research of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 8, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Seeger TS, Frank D, Rohr C, Will R, Just S, Grund C, Lyon R, Luedde M, Koegl M, Sheikh F, Rottbauer W, Franke WW, Katus HA, Olson EN, Frey N. Myozap, a novel intercalated disc protein, activates serum response factor-dependent signaling and is required to maintain cardiac function in vivo. Circ Res 2010; 106:880-90. [PMID: 20093627 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.213256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The intercalated disc (ID) is a highly specialized cell-cell contact structure that ensures mechanical and electric coupling of contracting cardiomyocytes. Recently, the ID has been recognized to be a hot spot of cardiac disease, in particular inherited cardiomyopathy. OBJECTIVE Given its complex structure and function we hypothesized that important molecular constituents of the ID still remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a bioinformatics screen, we discovered and cloned a previously uncharacterized 54 kDa cardiac protein which we termed Myozap (Myocardium-enriched zonula occludens-1-associated protein). Myozap is strongly expressed in the heart and lung. In cardiac tissue it localized to the ID and directly binds to desmoplakin and zonula occludens-1. In a yeast 2-hybrid screen for additional binding partners of Myozap we identified myosin phosphatase-RhoA interacting protein (MRIP), a negative regulator of Rho activity. Myozap, in turn, strongly activates SRF-dependent transcription through its ERM (Ezrin/radixin/moesin)-like domain in a Rho-dependent fashion. Finally, in vivo knockdown of the Myozap ortholog in zebrafish led to severe contractile dysfunction and cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings reveal Myozap as a previously unrecognized component of a Rho-dependent signaling pathway that links the intercalated disc to cardiac gene regulation. Moreover, its subcellular localization and the observation of a severe cardiac phenotype in zebrafish, implicate Myozap in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalia S Seeger
- Professor of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Frey N, Frank D, Lippl S, Kuhn C, Kögler H, Barrientos T, Rohr C, Will R, Müller OJ, Weiler H, Bassel-Duby R, Katus HA, Olson EN. Calsarcin-2 deficiency increases exercise capacity in mice through calcineurin/NFAT activation. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:3598-608. [PMID: 18846255 DOI: 10.1172/jci36277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 08/27/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of skeletal muscle, in terms of the relative number of slow- and fast-twitch fibers, is tightly regulated to enable an organism to respond and adapt to changing physical demands. The phosphatase calcineurin and its downstream targets, transcription factors of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family, play a critical role in this process by promoting the formation of slow-twitch, oxidative fibers. Calcineurin binds to calsarcins, a family of striated muscle-specific proteins of the sarcomeric Z-disc. We show here that mice deficient in calsarcin-2, which is expressed exclusively by fast-twitch muscle and encoded by the myozenin 1 (Myoz1) gene, have substantially reduced body weight and fast-twitch muscle mass in the absence of an overt myopathic phenotype. Additionally, Myoz1 KO mice displayed markedly improved performance and enhanced running distances in exercise studies. Analysis of fiber type composition of calsarcin-2-deficient skeletal muscles showed a switch toward slow-twitch, oxidative fibers. Reporter assays in cultured myoblasts indicated an inhibitory role for calsarcin-2 on calcineurin, and Myoz1 KO mice exhibited both an excess of NFAT activity and an increase in expression of regulator of calcineurin 1-4 (RCAN1-4), indicating enhanced calcineurin signaling in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that calsarcin-2 modulates exercise performance in vivo through regulation of calcineurin/NFAT activity and subsequent alteration of the fiber type composition of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Gassler N, Schnölzer M, Rohr C, Helmke B, Kartenbeck J, Grünewald S, Laage R, Schneider A, Kränzlin B, Bach A, Otto HF, Autschbach F. Expression of calnexin reflects paneth cell differentiation and function. J Transl Med 2002; 82:1647-59. [PMID: 12480915 DOI: 10.1097/01.lab.0000041709.42598.4a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that the behavior and function of Paneth cells in metaplasia are different from those found in normal intestinal mucosa. In this study, we investigated whether calnexin, a protein involved in secretory pathways, might be associated with differentiation and function of Paneth cells in normal small intestine, in complete intestinal metaplasia of the stomach, and in Paneth cell-rich adenomas. Differentiation and function of Paneth cells was monitored by Ki67, lysozyme, and morphologic features. Using a newly established monoclonal antibody, we found that calnexin is regularly synthesized by Paneth cells of normal small intestine. In these cells, the staining intensity of calnexin was inversely correlated with their content of secretory granules (lysozyme). In contrast, Paneth cells of intestinal metaplasia and Paneth cell-rich adenomas showed a reduced immunostaining of both calnexin and lysozyme. Moreover, these Paneth cells synthesized the proliferation marker Ki67, a phenomenon that was never observed in Paneth cells of normal small intestine. In vitro experiments using CaCo2 cells showed that the expression of calnexin is not directly affected by the induction of mitosis. In conclusion, calnexin probably reflects the status of Paneth cell differentiation and function. The results do not necessarily indicate that calnexin has a function in Paneth cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Gassler
- Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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Rohr C, Prestel J, Heidet L, Hosser H, Kriz W, Johnson RL, Antignac C, Witzgall R. The LIM-homeodomain transcription factor Lmx1b plays a crucial role in podocytes. J Clin Invest 2002. [DOI: 10.1172/jci0213961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Rohr C, Prestel J, Heidet L, Hosser H, Kriz W, Johnson RL, Antignac C, Witzgall R. The LIM-homeodomain transcription factor Lmx1b plays a crucial role in podocytes. J Clin Invest 2002; 109:1073-82. [PMID: 11956245 PMCID: PMC150943 DOI: 10.1172/jci13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with nail-patella syndrome often suffer from a nephropathy, which ultimately results in chronic renal failure. The finding that this disease is caused by mutations in the transcription factor LMX1B, which in the kidney is expressed exclusively in podocytes, offers the opportunity for a better understanding of the renal pathogenesis. In our analysis of the nephropathy in nail-patella syndrome, we have made use of the Lmx1b knockout mouse. Transmission electron micrographs showed that glomerular development in general and the differentiation of podocytes in particular were severely impaired. The glomerular capillary network was poorly elaborated, fenestrae in the endothelial cells were largely missing, and the glomerular basement membrane was split. In addition podocytes retained a cuboidal shape and did not form foot processes and slit diaphragms. Expression of the alpha4 chain of collagen IV and of podocin was also severely reduced. Using gel shift assays, we demonstrated that LMX1B bound to two AT-rich sequences in the promoter region of NPHS2, the gene encoding podocin. Our results demonstrate that Lmx1b regulates important steps in glomerular development and establish a link between three hereditary kidney diseases: nail-patella syndrome (Lmx1b), steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (podocin), and Alport syndrome (collagen IV alpha4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rohr
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology I, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Gassler N, Rohr C, Schneider A, Kartenbeck J, Bach A, Obermüller N, Otto HF, Autschbach F. Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with changes of enterocytic junctions. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001; 281:G216-28. [PMID: 11408275 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.1.g216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Changes of the intestinal mucosal barrier are considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our experiments were designed to identify dysregulation of epithelial junctional molecules in the IBD intestinum and to address whether altered expression of these molecules is a primary event in IBD or a phenomenon secondary to the inflammatory process. Noninflamed and inactively and actively inflamed mucosal tissues from patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease as well as tissues from control subjects were analyzed for the expression of junctional molecules by different methods. Marked downregulation of junctional proteins and their respective mRNAs was observed in actively inflamed IBD tissues. In IBD tissues with inactive inflammation, only a few junctional molecules such as E-cadherin and alpha-catenin were affected, whereas expression of desmosomal or tight junction-associated proteins appeared almost unchanged. In noninflamed IBD tissues, junctional protein expression was not different from that seen in normal control subjects. In IBD, downregulation of junctional molecule expression is apparently associated with the inflammatory process and does not likely represent a primary phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gassler
- Pathologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Autschbach F, Palou E, Mechtersheimer G, Rohr C, Pirotto F, Gassler N, Otto HF, Schraven B, Gaya A. Expression of the membrane protein tyrosine phosphatase CD148 in human tissues. Tissue Antigens 1999; 54:485-98. [PMID: 10599888 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.1999.540506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CD148, a receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase also known as HPTP-eta/DEP-1, is involved in signal transduction in leucocytes and is thought to contribute to mechanisms of cellular differentiation. We have investigated the in situ expression of CD148 in various fresh-frozen tissues by immunohistology and analyzed its expression on subpopulations of activated peripheral blood leucocytes by flow cytometry. In lymphoid organs, CD148 was found to be widely expressed on B and T cells, granulocytes, macrophages, certain dendritic cells as well as mature thymocytes. The cellular level of CD148 was increased after in vitro activation of peripheral blood leucocytes. Comparative analysis of tissue samples from normal gut and from patients with active Crohn's disease showed that leucocytes expressing CD148 are significantly upregulated in inflamed tissues and that a subset of these cells co-express the activation marker CD25. In non-lymphoid tissues, CD148 was found to be present on many epithelial cell types with glandular and/or endocrine differentiation as well as on fibrocytes, melanocytes and Schwann cells. CD148 expression was maintained also in malignant counterparts of such tissues. However, a marked loss of CD148 immunoreactivity was apparent in some of the investigated high-grade carcinomas. In summary, our results confirm a role of CD148 as a leucocyte activation marker. Among non-hematopoietic cells, CD148 is expressed by characteristic types of epithelial and non-epithelial cells. Downregulation of CD148 might promote dedifferentiation and autonomous growth of such cells in malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Autschbach
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Germany
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15
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Rosenthal R, Berger W, Bronsky E, Dockhorn R, Korenblat P, Lampl K, Lumry W, Pollard S, Raphael G, Rohr C, Shapiro G, Valentine M, Wanderer A, Fleming L, LaVallee N, Stepanians M, Karafilidis J, Shilstone J, Ellis E. Tri-Nasal triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray 200 and 400 micrograms qd versus placebo and Nasacort triamcinolone acetonide nasal aerosol 440 micrograms qd in patients suffering from seasonal allergic rhinitis during the grass season. Am J Rhinol 1998; 12:427-33. [PMID: 9883300 DOI: 10.2500/105065898780707991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Tri-Nasal Nasal Spray is an investigational solution of triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) currently being evaluated as a treatment for allergic rhinitis. The safety and efficacy of 200 and 400 micrograms once daily doses of Tri-Nasal Nasal Spray, an active control (440 micrograms once daily of Nasacort Nasal aerosol), and Tri-Nasal Nasal Spray placebo were compared over a 2-week treatment period in a double-blind (the Nasacort treatment was not blinded), parallel design trial. A total of 377 adult patients in 13 centers were enrolled during the grass pollen season. The primary efficacy variable was the weekly average of the SSI (Symptom Severity Index), the sum of daily nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing severity scores from the patient diary. A total of 355 patients completed the study. All active treatments were significantly more effective than placebo in relieving nasal symptoms at each treatment week. The 400 micrograms Tri-Nasal Nasal Spray and Nasacort treatments had a rapid onset of action, demonstrating significant improvement in the SSI versus placebo by the second day of treatment. Results for the individual nasal symptoms and other secondary efficacy measures paralleled those of the primary efficacy variables. Tri-Nasal Nasal Spray and Nasacort were comparable in safety, and in treating the nonocular symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rosenthal
- Laboratory for Applied Immunology, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
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Loren ML, Chai H, Leung P, Rohr C, Brenner AM. Corticosteroids in the treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma. Ann Allergy 1980; 45:67-71. [PMID: 7406249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In a 72-hour double-blind study 16 moderately to severely asthmatic subjects received either oral prednisone 2 mg/kg/day or placebo in addition to their regular medication as treatment for an acute exacerbation of asthma. The group receiving prednisone demonstrated significant increases in the PEFR and decreased need for beta-2 agonist nebulization or injections the first 12 hours of the study period and these improvements were maintained over the 72 hours. The placebo-treated group showed minimal reduction in nebulization and injection requirements and minimal increase in PEFR. Oral prednisone was found to be effective in controlling acute exacerbations of asthmatic symptoms.
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