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Bendifallah S, Dabi Y, Suisse S, Ilic J, Delbos L, Poilblanc M, Descamps P, Golfier F, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Puchar A, Daraï E. Saliva-based microRNA diagnostic signature for the superficial peritoneal endometriosis phenotype. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 297:187-196. [PMID: 38677096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with superficial peritoneal endometriosis (SPE) present with symptoms suggestive of endometriosis but clinical and imaging exams are inconclusive. Consequently, laparoscopy is usually necessary to confirm diagnosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of microRNAs (miRNAs) to diagnose patients with SPE from the ENDOmiARN cohort STUDY DESIGN: This prospective study (NCT04728152) included 200 saliva samples obtained between January and June 2021 from women with pelvic pain suggestive of endometriosis. All patients underwent either laparoscopy and/or MRI to confirm the presence of endometriosis. Among the patients with endometriosis, two groups were defined: an SPE phenotype group of patients with peritoneal lesions only, and a non-SPE control group of patients with other endometriosis phenotypes (endometrioma and/or deep endometriosis). Data analysis consisted of two parts: (i) identification of a set of miRNA biomarkers using next-generation sequencing (NGS), and (ii) development of a saliva-based miRNA signature for the SPE phenotype in patients with endometriosis based on a Random Forest (RF) model. RESULTS Among the 153 patients with confirmed endometriosis, 10.5 % (n = 16) had an SPE phenotype. Of the 2633 known miRNAs, the feature selection method generated a signature of 89 miRNAs of the SPE phenotype. After validation, the best model, representing the most accurate signature had a 100 % sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. CONCLUSION This signature could constitute a new diagnostic strategy to detect the SPE phenotype based on a simple biological test and render diagnostic laparoscopy obsolete. PRéCIS: We generated a saliva-based signature to identify patients with superficial peritoneal endometriosis which is the most challenging form of endometriosis to diagnose and which is often either misdiagnosed or requires invasive laparoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Bendifallah
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France.
| | - Yohann Dabi
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938 75020 Paris, France
| | | | - Johanna Ilic
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Léa Delbos
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine - CHU d'Angers, Endometriosis Expert Center - Pays de la Loire, France.
| | - Mathieu Poilblanc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon1 University, Lyon, France; Endometriosis Expert Center, President of the EndAURA Network
| | - Philippe Descamps
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine - CHU d'Angers, Endometriosis Expert Center - Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Francois Golfier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon1 University, Lyon, France; Endometriosis Expert Center, President of the EndAURA Network
| | - Ludmila Jornea
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Genotyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France
| | - Anne Puchar
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Sorbonne University - Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France
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Dabi Y, Suisse S, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Puchar A, Daraï E, Bendifallah S. Correction: Dabi et al. Clues for Improving the Pathophysiology Knowledge for Endometriosis Using Plasma Micro-RNA Expression. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 175. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:829. [PMID: 38667505 PMCID: PMC11049146 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14080829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In the original publication [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020 Paris, France
| | | | - Ludmila Jornea
- Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau—ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP—Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Gentoyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47–83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puchar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
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Dabi Y, Suisse S, Marie Y, Delbos L, Poilblanc M, Descamps P, Golfier F, Jornea L, Forlani S, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Puchar A, Bendifallah S, Daraï E. New class of RNA biomarker for endometriosis diagnosis: The potential of salivary piRNA expression. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 291:88-95. [PMID: 37857147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In contrast to miRNA expression, little attention has been given to piwiRNA (piRNA) expression among endometriosis patients. The aim of the present study was to explore the human piRNAome and to investigate a potential piRNA saliva-based diagnostic signature for endometriosis. METHODS Data from the prospective "ENDOmiRNA" study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04728152) were used. Saliva samples from 200 patients were analyzed in order to evaluate human piRNA expression using the piRNA bank. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), barcoding of unique molecular identifiers and both Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) were used. For each piRNA, sensitivity, specificity, and ROC AUC values were calculated for the diagnosis of endometriosis. RESULTS 201 piRNAs were identified, none had an AUC ≥ 0.70, and only three piRNAs (piR-004153, piR001918, piR-020401) had an AUC between ≥ 0.6 and < 0.70. Seven were differentially expressed: piR-004153, piR-001918, piR-020401, piR-012864, piR-017716, piR-020326 and piR-016904. The respective correlation and accuracy to diagnose endometriosis according to the F1-score, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC ranged from 0 to 0.862 %, 0-0.961 %, 0.085-1, and 0.425-0.618. A correlation was observed between the patients' age (≥35 years) and piR-004153 (p = 0.002) and piR-017716 (p = 0.030). Among the 201 piRNAs, four were differentially expressed in patients with and without hormonal treatment: piR-004153 (p = 0.015), piR-020401 (p = 0.001), piR-012864 (p = 0.036) and piR-017716 (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Our results support the link between piRNAs and endometriosis physiopathology and establish its utility as a potential diagnostic biomarker using saliva samples. Per se, piRNA expression should be analyzed along with the clinical status of a patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France.
| | | | - Yannick Marie
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine - CHU d'Angers, France
| | - Léa Delbos
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine - CHU d'Angers, France; Endometriosis Expert Center - Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Mathieu Poilblanc
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, France; Endometriosis Expert Center - Steering Center of the EndAURA Network, France
| | - Philippe Descamps
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine - CHU d'Angers, France; Endometriosis Expert Center - Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Francois Golfier
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, France; Endometriosis Expert Center - Steering Center of the EndAURA Network, France
| | - Ludmila Jornea
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Forlani
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Gentoyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France
| | - Anne Puchar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France
| | - Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France
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Depienne C, Ciura S, Trouillard O, Bouteiller D, Leitão E, Nava C, Keren B, Marie Y, Guegan J, Forlani S, Brice A, Anheim M, Agid Y, Krack P, Damier P, Viallet F, Houeto JL, Durif F, Vidailhet M, Worbe Y, Roze E, Kabashi E, Hartmann A. Correction: Association of Rare Genetic Variants in Opioid Receptors with Tourette Syndrome. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2023; 13:22. [PMID: 37457636 PMCID: PMC10348064 DOI: 10.5334/tohm.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5334/tohm.464.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Depienne
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, DE
| | - Sorana Ciura
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Oriane Trouillard
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Elsa Leitão
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, DE
| | - Caroline Nava
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Boris Keren
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Yannick Marie
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Justine Guegan
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Sylvie Forlani
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Service de neurologie, CHU de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg Strasbourg, FR
| | - Yves Agid
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Paul Krack
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Grenoble, Avenue Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38700 La Tronche, FR
- Center for Movement Disorders, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Damier
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Nantes, 5 Allée de l’Île Gloriette, 44093 Nantes, FR
| | - François Viallet
- Service de Neurologie, CRHU d’Aix-en-Provence, Avenue des Tamaris, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, FR
| | - Jean-Luc Houeto
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Poitiers, 2 Rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, FR
| | - Franck Durif
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, FR
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Yulia Worbe
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence National Maladie Rare ‘Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette’, Hôpital Pitié- Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence National Maladie Rare ‘Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette’, Hôpital Pitié- Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Edor Kabashi
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence National Maladie Rare ‘Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette’, Hôpital Pitié- Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
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Bendifallah S, Dabi Y, Suisse S, Delbos L, Spiers A, Poilblanc M, Golfier F, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Fernandez H, Madar A, Petit E, Perotte F, Fauvet R, Benjoar M, Akladios C, Lavoué V, Darnaud T, Merlot B, Roman H, Touboul C, Descamps P. Validation of a Salivary miRNA Signature of Endometriosis - Interim Data. NEJM Evid 2023; 2:EVIDoa2200282. [PMID: 38320163 DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2200282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Salivary miRNA Signature of EndometriosisThis interim analysis of the prospective, multicenter, external validation ENDOmiRNA Saliva Test study, confirms the diagnostic performance and reproducibility of the saliva miRNA signature for endometriosis. At a population prevalence of ∼80%, the miRNA signature had a sensitivity of 96.2%, specificity of 95.1%, and area under the curve of 0.96.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Tenon Hospital, Paris
- Clinical Research Group Paris 6: Endometriosis Expert Center, Sorbonne University, Sorbonne, France
- INSERM UMR S 938, Centre De Recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris
| | - Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Tenon Hospital, Paris
- Clinical Research Group Paris 6: Endometriosis Expert Center, Sorbonne University, Sorbonne, France
- INSERM UMR S 938, Centre De Recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris
| | | | - Léa Delbos
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine-Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- Endometriosis Expert Center-Pays de la Loire, Angers, France
| | | | - Mathieu Poilblanc
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France
- Endometriosis Expert Center-Steering Committee of the EndAURA Network, Lyon, France
| | - Francois Golfier
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France
- Endometriosis Expert Center-Steering Committee of the EndAURA Network, Lyon, France
| | - Ludmila Jornea
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain and Spinal Cord Institute (ICM), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP)-Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Genotyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Paris Brain and Spinal Cord Institute (ICM), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris
| | - Hervé Fernandez
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital (HU) Paris Sud, Kremlin Bicetre APHP, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France
| | - Alexandra Madar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Tenon Hospital, Paris
| | - Erick Petit
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital, Paris
| | - Frédérique Perotte
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital, Paris
| | - Raffaèle Fauvet
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Côte De Nacre University Hospital, Caen, France
| | | | - Cherif Akladios
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Lavoué
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Human Reproduction, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Thomas Darnaud
- Bastia Hospital Center, Department of Specialised Surgery and Clinical Research, Bastia, France
| | | | - Horace Roman
- Endometriosis Center, Tivoli-Ducos Clinic, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Tenon Hospital, Paris
- Clinical Research Group Paris 6: Endometriosis Expert Center, Sorbonne University, Sorbonne, France
- INSERM UMR S 938, Centre De Recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris
| | - Philippe Descamps
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine-Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- Endometriosis Expert Center-Pays de la Loire, Angers, France
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6
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Dabi Y, Suisse S, Puchar A, Delbos L, Poilblanc M, Descamps P, Haury J, Golfier F, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Daraï E, Bendifallah S. Endometriosis-associated infertility diagnosis based on saliva microRNA signatures. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 46:138-149. [PMID: 36411203 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Can a saliva-based miRNA signature for endometriosis-associated infertility be designed and validated by analysing the human miRNome? DESIGN The prospective ENDOmiARN study (NCT04728152) included 200 saliva samples obtained between January 2021 and June 2021 from women with pelvic pain suggestive of endometriosis. All patients underwent either laparoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, or both. Patients diagnosed with endometriosis were allocated to one of two groups according to their fertility status. Data analysis consisted of identifying a set of miRNA biomarkers using next-generation sequencing, and development of a saliva-based miRNA signature of infertility among patients with endometriosis based on a random forest model. RESULTS Among the 153 patients diagnosed with endometriosis, 24% (n = 36) were infertile and 76% (n = 117) were fertile. Small RNA-sequencing of the 153 saliva samples yielded approximately 3712 M raw sequencing reads (from ∼13.7 M to ∼39.3 M reads/sample). Of the 2561 known miRNAs, the feature selection method generated a signature of 34 miRNAs linked to endometriosis-associated infertility. After validation, the most accurate signature model had a sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of 100%. CONCLUSION A saliva-based miRNA signature for endometriosis-associated infertility is reported. Although the results still require external validation before using the signature in routine practice, this non-invasive tool is likely to have a major effect on care provided to women with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Dabi
- Sorbonne University, Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU); Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, Paris 75020, France
| | | | - Anne Puchar
- Sorbonne University, Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020
| | - Léa Delbos
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, CHU d'Angers, Endometriosis Expert Center, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Mathieu Poilblanc
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France; Endometriosis Expert Center, Steering Committee of the EndAURA Network
| | - Philippe Descamps
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, CHU d'Angers, Endometriosis Expert Center, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Julie Haury
- Sorbonne University, Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020
| | - Francois Golfier
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, Lyon, France; Endometriosis Expert Center, Steering Committee of the EndAURA Network
| | - Ludmila Jornea
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Genotyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris 75013, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Sorbonne University, Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU); Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, Paris 75020, France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Sorbonne University, Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU)
| | - Sofiane Bendifallah
- Sorbonne University, Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU); Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, Paris 75020, France.
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7
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Lopez-Herdoiza MB, Bauché S, Wilmet B, Le Duigou C, Roussel D, Frah M, Béal J, Devely G, Boluda S, Frick P, Bouteiller D, Dussaud S, Guillabert P, Dalle C, Dumont M, Camuzat A, Saracino D, Barbier M, Bruneteau G, Ravassard P, Neumann M, Nicole S, Le Ber I, Brice A, Latouche M. C9ORF72 knockdown triggers FTD-like symptoms and cell pathology in mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1155929. [PMID: 37138765 PMCID: PMC10149765 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1155929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The GGGGCC intronic repeat expansion within C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of ALS and FTD. This mutation results in toxic gain of function through accumulation of expanded RNA foci and aggregation of abnormally translated dipeptide repeat proteins, as well as loss of function due to impaired transcription of C9ORF72. A number of in vivo and in vitro models of gain and loss of function effects have suggested that both mechanisms synergize to cause the disease. However, the contribution of the loss of function mechanism remains poorly understood. We have generated C9ORF72 knockdown mice to mimic C9-FTD/ALS patients haploinsufficiency and investigate the role of this loss of function in the pathogenesis. We found that decreasing C9ORF72 leads to anomalies of the autophagy/lysosomal pathway, cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43 and decreased synaptic density in the cortex. Knockdown mice also developed FTD-like behavioral deficits and mild motor phenotypes at a later stage. These findings show that C9ORF72 partial loss of function contributes to the damaging events leading to C9-FTD/ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Bauché
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Wilmet
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Le Duigou
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Roussel
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Magali Frah
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jonas Béal
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Gabin Devely
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Susana Boluda
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Petra Frick
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Sébastien Dussaud
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Guillabert
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Carine Dalle
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Magali Dumont
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Agnes Camuzat
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Dario Saracino
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Barbier
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Bruneteau
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Manuela Neumann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sophie Nicole
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Morwena Latouche
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
- EPHE, Neurogenetics Team, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Morwena Latouche,
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8
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Bendifallah S, Dabi Y, Suisse S, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Puchar A, Daraï E. A Bioinformatics Approach to MicroRNA-Sequencing Analysis Based on Human Saliva Samples of Patients with Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148045. [PMID: 35887388 PMCID: PMC9317484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis, defined by the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterus, affects 2–10% of the female population, i.e., around 190 million women, worldwide. The aim of the prospective ENDO-miRNA study was to develop a bioinformatics approach for microRNA-sequencing analysis of 200 saliva samples for miRNAome expression and to test its diagnostic accuracy for endometriosis. Among the 200 patients, 76.5% (n = 153) had confirmed endometriosis and 23.5% (n = 47) had no endometriosis (controls). Small RNA-seq of 200 saliva samples yielded ~4642 M raw sequencing reads (from ~13.7 M to ~39.3 M reads/sample). The number of expressed miRNAs ranged from 1250 (outlier) to 2561 per sample. Some 2561 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in the saliva samples of patients with endometriosis compared with the control patients. Among these, 1.17% (n = 30) were up- or downregulated. Among these, the F1-score, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC ranged from 11–86.8%, 5.8–97.4%, 10.6–100%, and 39.3–69.2%, respectively. Here, we report a bioinformatic approach to saliva miRNA sequencing and analysis. We underline the advantages of using saliva over blood in terms of ease of collection, reproducibility, stability, safety, non-invasiveness. This report describes the whole saliva transcriptome to make miRNA quantification a validated, standardized, and reliable technique for routine use. The methodology could be applied to build a saliva signature of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Endometriosis Expert Center (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 75020 Paris, France
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-56-01-73-18
| | - Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Endometriosis Expert Center (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 75020 Paris, France
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020 Paris, France
| | | | - Ludmila Jornea
- Paris Brain Institute-Institut du Cerveau-ICM, Sorbonne University, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP-Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Gentoyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Endometriosis Expert Center (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 75020 Paris, France
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puchar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Endometriosis Expert Center (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 75020 Paris, France
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9
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Bendifallah S, Dabi Y, Suisse S, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Puchar A, Daraï E. MicroRNome analysis generates a blood-based signature for endometriosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4051. [PMID: 35260677 PMCID: PMC8902281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis, characterized by endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, is thought to affect 2–10% of women of reproductive age: representing about 190 million women worldwide. Numerous studies have evaluated the diagnostic value of blood biomarkers but with disappointing results. Thus, the gold standard for diagnosing endometriosis remains laparoscopy. We performed a prospective trial, the ENDO-miRNA study, using both Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), to analyze the current human miRNome to differentiate between patients with and without endometriosis, and to develop a blood-based microRNA (miRNA) diagnostic signature for endometriosis. Here, we present the first blood-based diagnostic signature obtained from a combination of two robust and disruptive technologies merging the intrinsic quality of miRNAs to condense the endometriosis phenotype (and its heterogeneity) with the modeling power of AI. The most accurate signature provides a sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 96.8%, 100%, and 98.4%, respectively, and is sufficiently robust and reproducible to replace the gold standard of diagnostic surgery. Such a diagnostic approach for this debilitating disorder could impact recommendations from national and international learned societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020, Paris, France. .,Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), Paris, France.
| | - Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020, Paris, France.,Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), Paris, France.,Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Suisse
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), Paris, France
| | - Ludmila Jornea
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Gentoyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020, Paris, France.,Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), Paris, France
| | - Anne Puchar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020, Paris, France.,Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), Paris, France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020, Paris, France.,Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), Paris, France
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10
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Bendifallah S, Suisse S, Puchar A, Delbos L, Poilblanc M, Descamps P, Golfier F, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Dabi Y, Daraï E. Salivary MicroRNA Signature for Diagnosis of Endometriosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030612. [PMID: 35160066 PMCID: PMC8836532 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis diagnosis constitutes a considerable economic burden for the healthcare system with diagnostic tools often inconclusive with insufficient accuracy. We sought to analyze the human miRNAome to define a saliva-based diagnostic miRNA signature for endometriosis. METHODS We performed a prospective ENDO-miRNA study involving 200 saliva samples obtained from 200 women with chronic pelvic pain suggestive of endometriosis collected between January and June 2021. The study consisted of two parts: (i) identification of a biomarker based on genome-wide miRNA expression profiling by small RNA sequencing using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and (ii) development of a saliva-based miRNA diagnostic signature according to expression and accuracy profiling using a Random Forest algorithm. RESULTS Among the 200 patients, 76.5% (n = 153) were diagnosed with endometriosis and 23.5% (n = 47) without (controls). Small RNA-seq of 200 saliva samples yielded ~4642 M raw sequencing reads (from ~13.7 M to ~39.3 M reads/sample). Quantification of the filtered reads and identification of known miRNAs yielded ~190 M sequences that were mapped to 2561 known miRNAs. Of the 2561 known miRNAs, the feature selection with Random Forest algorithm generated after internally cross validation a saliva signature of endometriosis composed of 109 miRNAs. The respective sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for the diagnostic miRNA signature were 96.7%, 100%, and 98.3%. CONCLUSIONS The ENDO-miRNA study is the first prospective study to report a saliva-based diagnostic miRNA signature for endometriosis. This could contribute to improving early diagnosis by means of a non-invasive tool easily available in any healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.T.); (Y.D.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-56-01-73-18; Fax: +33-1-56-01-73-17
| | | | - Anne Puchar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.T.); (Y.D.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Léa Delbos
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49000 Angers, France; (L.D.); (P.D.)
- Endometriosis Expert Center, Pays de la Loire, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Mathieu Poilblanc
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, 69008 Lyon, France; (M.P.); (F.G.)
- Endometriosis Expert Center, Steering Committee of the EndAURA Network, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Descamps
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49000 Angers, France; (L.D.); (P.D.)
- Endometriosis Expert Center, Pays de la Loire, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Francois Golfier
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Lyon South University Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices, 69008 Lyon, France; (M.P.); (F.G.)
- Endometriosis Expert Center, Steering Committee of the EndAURA Network, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Ludmila Jornea
- Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau—ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP—Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, 75020 Paris, France;
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Genotyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Institut du Cerveau, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.T.); (Y.D.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.T.); (Y.D.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.T.); (Y.D.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
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11
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Dabi Y, Suisse S, Jornea L, Bouteiller D, Touboul C, Puchar A, Daraï E, Bendifallah S. Clues for Improving the Pathophysiology Knowledge for Endometriosis Using Plasma Micro-RNA Expression. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:175. [PMID: 35054341 PMCID: PMC8774370 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of endometriosis remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate functions and pathways associated with the various miRNAs differentially expressed in patients with endometriosis. Plasma samples of the 200 patients from the prospective "ENDO-miRNA" study were analyzed and all known human miRNAs were sequenced. For each miRNA, sensitivity, specificity, and ROC AUC values were calculated for the diagnosis of endometriosis. miRNAs with an AUC ≥ 0.6 were selected for further analysis. A comprehensive review of recent articles from the PubMed, Clinical Trials.gov, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed to identify functions and pathways associated with the selected miRNAs. In total, 2633 miRNAs were found in the patients with endometriosis. Among the 57 miRNAs with an AUC ≥ 0.6: 20 had never been reported before; one (miR-124-3p) had previously been observed in endometriosis; and the remaining 36 had been reported in benign and malignant disorders. miR-124-3p is involved in ectopic endometrial cell proliferation and invasion and plays a role in the following pathways: mTOR, STAT3, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, ERK, PLGF-ROS, FGF2-FGFR, MAPK, GSK3B/β-catenin. Most of the remaining 36 miRNAs are involved in carcinogenesis through cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. The three main pathways involved are Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, and NF-KB. Our results provide evidence of the relation between the miRNA profiles of patients with endometriosis and various signaling pathways implicated in its pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020 Paris, France
| | | | - Ludmila Jornea
- Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau—ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, AP-HP—Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France;
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Gentoyping and Sequencing Core Facility, iGenSeq, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S_938, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puchar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (Y.D.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (E.D.)
- Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6, Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
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12
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Moretti R, Arnaud L, Bouteiller D, Trouillard O, Moreau P, Buratti J, Rastetter A, Keren B, Des Portes V, Toulouse J, Gourfinkel-An I, Leguern E, Depienne C, Mignot C, Nava C. SCN1A-related epilepsy with recessive inheritance: Two further families. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021; 33:121-124. [PMID: 34174751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in SCN1A gene, encoding the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.1, are associated with distinct epilepsy syndromes ranging from the relatively benign genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) to Dravet syndrome, a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). Most SCN1A pathogenic variants are heterozygous changes inherited in a dominant or de novo inheritance and many cause a loss-of-function of one allele. To date, recessive inheritance has been suggested in only two families with affected children harboring homozygous SCN1A missense variants while their heterozygous parents were asymptomatic. The aim of this report is to describe two additional families in which affected individuals have biallelic SCN1A variants possibly explaining their phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS We report two novel homozygous SCN1A missense variants in two patients from related parents. Both patients had fever-sensitive epilepsy beginning in the first months of life, followed by afebrile seizures, without severe cognitive impairment. Parents were asymptomatic. Next generation sequencing excluded a pathogenic variant in other genes involved in DEE. Estimation of pathogenicity scores by in-silico tools suggests that the impact of these SCN1A variants is less damaging than that of dominant pathogenic variants. CONCLUSION This study provides additional evidence that homozygous variants in SCN1A can cause GEFS+. This recessive inheritance would imply that hypomorphic variants may not necessarily cause epilepsy at the heterozygous state but may decrease the seizure threshold when combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Moretti
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Physiologie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Arnaud
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Oriane Trouillard
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Moreau
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Julien Buratti
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Rastetter
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Des Portes
- Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies CRéER, Lyon University Hospital, F-69677, Bron, France; University Lyon 1, F-69008, Lyon, France
| | - Joseph Toulouse
- Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies CRéER, Lyon University Hospital, F-69677, Bron, France
| | - Isabelle Gourfinkel-An
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Neurologie, Centre de Référence des Épilepsies Rares, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Eric Leguern
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Christel Depienne
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France; Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cyril Mignot
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France; Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France.
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13
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Saichi M, Ladjemi MZ, Korniotis S, Rousseau C, Ait Hamou Z, Massenet-Regad L, Amblard E, Noel F, Marie Y, Bouteiller D, Medvedovic J, Pène F, Soumelis V. Single-cell RNA sequencing of blood antigen-presenting cells in severe COVID-19 reveals multi-process defects in antiviral immunity. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:538-551. [PMID: 33972731 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 can lead to life-threatening respiratory failure, with increased inflammatory mediators and viral load. Here, we perform single-cell RNA-sequencing to establish a high-resolution map of blood antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in 15 patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 pneumonia, at day 1 and day 4 post admission to intensive care unit or pulmonology department, as well as in 4 healthy donors. We generated a unique dataset of 81,643 APCs, including monocytes and rare dendritic cell (DC) subsets. We uncovered multi-process defects in antiviral immune defence in specific APCs from patients with severe disease: (1) increased pro-apoptotic pathways in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs, key effectors of antiviral immunity), (2) a decrease of the innate sensors TLR9 and DHX36 in pDCs and CLEC9a+ DCs, respectively, (3) downregulation of antiviral interferon-stimulated genes in monocyte subsets and (4) a decrease of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-related genes and MHC class II transactivator activity in cDC1c+ DCs, suggesting viral inhibition of antigen presentation. These novel mechanisms may explain patient aggravation and suggest strategies to restore the defective immune defence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maha Zohra Ladjemi
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Médecine Intensive & Réanimation, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris. Centre & Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Rousseau
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zakaria Ait Hamou
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Médecine Intensive & Réanimation, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris. Centre & Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lucile Massenet-Regad
- Université de Paris, INSERM U976, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Elise Amblard
- Université de Paris, INSERM U976, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires, Paris, France
| | | | - Yannick Marie
- Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Plateforme de Génotypage Séquençage, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Plateforme de Génotypage Séquençage, Paris, France
| | | | - Frédéric Pène
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Médecine Intensive & Réanimation, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris. Centre & Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- Université de Paris, INSERM U976, Paris, France. .,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Laboratoire d'Immunologie-Histocompatibilité, Paris, France.
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14
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Depienne C, Ciura S, Trouillard O, Bouteiller D, Leitão E, Nava C, Keren B, Marie Y, Guegan J, Forlani S, Brice A, Anheim M, Agid Y, Krack P, Damier P, Viallet F, Houeto JL, Durif F, Vidailhet M, Worbe Y, Roze E, Kabashi E, Hartmann A. Association of Rare Genetic Variants in Opioid Receptors with Tourette Syndrome. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2019; 9:tre-09-693. [PMID: 31824749 PMCID: PMC6878848 DOI: 10.7916/tohm.v0.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Genes involved in Tourette syndrome (TS) remain largely unknown. We aimed to identify genetic factors contributing to TS in a French cohort of 120 individuals using a combination of hypothesis-driven and exome-sequencing approaches. Methods We first sequenced exons of SLITRK1-6 and HDC in the TS cohort and subsequently sequenced the exome of 12 individuals harboring rare variants in these genes to find additional rare variants contributing to the disorder under the hypothesis of oligogenic inheritance. We further screened three candidate genes (OPRK1, PCDH10, and NTSR2) preferentially expressed in the basal ganglia, and three additional genes involved in neurotensin and opioid signaling (OPRM1, NTS, and NTSR1), and compared variant frequencies in TS patients and 788 matched control individuals. We also investigated the impact of altering the expression of Oprk1 in zebrafish. Results Thirteen ultrarare missense variants of SLITRK1-6 and HDC were identified in 12 patients. Exome sequencing in these patients revealed rare possibly deleterious variants in 3,041 genes, 54 of which were preferentially expressed in the basal ganglia. Comparison of variant frequencies altering selected candidate genes in TS and control individuals revealed an excess of potentially disrupting variants in OPRK1, encoding the opioid kappa receptor, in TS patients. Accordingly, we show that downregulation of the Oprk1 orthologue in zebrafish induces a hyperkinetic phenotype in early development. Discussion These results support a heterogeneous and complex genetic etiology of TS, possibly involving rare variants altering the opioid pathway in some individuals, which could represent a novel therapeutic target in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Depienne
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, DE
| | - Sorana Ciura
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Oriane Trouillard
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Elsa Leitão
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, DE
| | - Caroline Nava
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Boris Keren
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Yannick Marie
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Justine Guegan
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Sylvie Forlani
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Service de neurologie, CHU de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg Strasbourg, FR
| | - Yves Agid
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Paul Krack
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Grenoble, Avenue Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38700 La Tronche, FR.,Center for Movement Disorders, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Damier
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Nantes, 5 Allée de l'Île Gloriette, 44093 Nantes, FR
| | - François Viallet
- Service de Neurologie, CRHU d'Aix-en-Provence, Avenue des Tamaris, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, FR
| | - Jean-Luc Houeto
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Poitiers, 2 Rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, FR
| | - Franck Durif
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, FR
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Yulia Worbe
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence National Maladie Rare 'Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette', Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence National Maladie Rare 'Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette', Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Edor Kabashi
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Faculté de Médecine de Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence National Maladie Rare 'Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette', Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FR
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15
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Florian RT, Kraft F, Leitão E, Kaya S, Klebe S, Magnin E, van Rootselaar AF, Buratti J, Kühnel T, Schröder C, Giesselmann S, Tschernoster N, Altmueller J, Lamiral A, Keren B, Nava C, Bouteiller D, Forlani S, Jornea L, Kubica R, Ye T, Plassard D, Jost B, Meyer V, Deleuze JF, Delpu Y, Avarello MDM, Vijfhuizen LS, Rudolf G, Hirsch E, Kroes T, Reif PS, Rosenow F, Ganos C, Vidailhet M, Thivard L, Mathieu A, Bourgeron T, Kurth I, Rafehi H, Steenpass L, Horsthemke B, LeGuern E, Klein KM, Labauge P, Bennett MF, Bahlo M, Gecz J, Corbett MA, Tijssen MAJ, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Depienne C. Unstable TTTTA/TTTCA expansions in MARCH6 are associated with Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy type 3. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4919. [PMID: 31664039 PMCID: PMC6820781 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy (FAME) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by cortical tremor and seizures. Intronic TTTTA/TTTCA repeat expansions in SAMD12 (FAME1) are the main cause of FAME in Asia. Using genome sequencing and repeat-primed PCR, we identify another site of this repeat expansion, in MARCH6 (FAME3) in four European families. Analysis of single DNA molecules with nanopore sequencing and molecular combing show that expansions range from 3.3 to 14 kb on average. However, we observe considerable variability in expansion length and structure, supporting the existence of multiple expansion configurations in blood cells and fibroblasts of the same individual. Moreover, the largest expansions are associated with micro-rearrangements occurring near the expansion in 20% of cells. This study provides further evidence that FAME is caused by intronic TTTTA/TTTCA expansions in distinct genes and reveals that expansions exhibit an unexpectedly high somatic instability that can ultimately result in genomic rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel T Florian
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Kraft
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elsa Leitão
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Sabine Kaya
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Klebe
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Eloi Magnin
- Department of Neurology, CHU Jean Minjoz, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Anne-Fleur van Rootselaar
- Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Buratti
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Theresa Kühnel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Christopher Schröder
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Giesselmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Tschernoster
- Cologne Center for Genomics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmueller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anaide Lamiral
- Department of Neurology, CHU Jean Minjoz, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Boris Keren
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 75013, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Forlani
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Ludmila Jornea
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Regina Kubica
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Tao Ye
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U1258/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Damien Plassard
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U1258/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Bernard Jost
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U1258/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Vincent Meyer
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91057, Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91057, Evry, France
| | - Yannick Delpu
- Genomic Vision, 80 Rue des Meuniers, 92220, Bagneux, France
| | | | - Lisanne S Vijfhuizen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabrielle Rudolf
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U1258/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Department of Neurology-centre de référence des epilepsies rares, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Avenue Molière, 67200, Strasbourg, France
| | - Edouard Hirsch
- Department of Neurology-centre de référence des epilepsies rares, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Avenue Molière, 67200, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thessa Kroes
- School of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Philipp S Reif
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe University and LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), 60323, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps University, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe University and LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), 60323, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps University, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christos Ganos
- Department of Neurology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Thivard
- APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mathieu
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Pasteur Institute, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Pasteur Institute, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Haloom Rafehi
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Steenpass
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Horsthemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Eric LeGuern
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, 75013, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe University and LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), 60323, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps University, 35037, Marburg, Germany
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics and Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Pierre Labauge
- Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac University Hospital, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Mark F Bennett
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Jozef Gecz
- School of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Mark A Corbett
- School of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700, AB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Sorbonne Université, UMR S 1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France.
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U1258/Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
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16
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Berrechid AG, Bendjebara M, Bouteiller D, Nasri A, Peuvion JN, Marie Y, Baulac S, Mrabet S, Ribierre T, Cazeneuve C, Leguern E, Gouider R. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy phenotype in a family with Unverricht-Lundborg disease. Epileptic Disord 2019; 21:359-365. [PMID: 31368437 DOI: 10.1684/epd.2019.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Unverricht-Lundborg disease (ULD), an autosomal recessive progressive myoclonus epilepsy, is due to an expansion, or less commonly a mutation, of the cystatin B (CSTB) gene. We report a clinical and molecular study of a Tunisian ULD family with five affected members presenting with a juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME)-like phenotype. The expansion of dodecamers was detected by a deamination/PCR assay. The expression profiles of CSTB and other candidate modifying genes, cathepsin B and cystatin C, were established by quantitative RT-PCR, and their respective transcription levels were compared with those from patients with a classic picture of ULD. Three patients had a fixed phenotype mimicking JME after 29 years of evolution. Only a discrete dysarthria was noticed in the two other patients. No correlation was observed between transcription level and severity of disease. Genetic screening should be performed in patients with a JME-like phenotype, when careful examination reveals discrete atypical signs of JME. This particular phenotype may be due to modifying genes and/or gene-environment interactions which require further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Gargouri Berrechid
- Razi Hospital, Department of Neurology, LR 18SP03, Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Bendjebara
- Razi Hospital, Department of Neurology, LR 18SP03, Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U975, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, Sorbonne Universités, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, plateforme de génotypage et de séquençage, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris
| | - Amina Nasri
- Razi Hospital, Department of Neurology, LR 18SP03, Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Noël Peuvion
- APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Marie
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U975, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, Sorbonne Universités, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, plateforme de génotypage et de séquençage, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris
| | - Stéphanie Baulac
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U975, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, Sorbonne Universités, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris
| | - Saloua Mrabet
- Razi Hospital, Department of Neurology, LR 18SP03, Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Théo Ribierre
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U975, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, Sorbonne Universités, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris
| | - Cecile Cazeneuve
- APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Eric Leguern
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U975, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, Sorbonne Universités, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Riadh Gouider
- Razi Hospital, Department of Neurology, LR 18SP03, Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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17
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Viruel J, Haguenauer A, Juin M, Mirleau F, Bouteiller D, Boudagher‐Kharrat M, Ouahmane L, La Malfa S, Médail F, Sanguin H, Nieto Feliner G, Baumel A. Advances in genotyping microsatellite markers through sequencing and consequences of scoring methods for Ceratonia siliqua (Leguminosae). Appl Plant Sci 2018; 6:e01201. [PMID: 30598859 PMCID: PMC6303155 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Simple sequence repeat (SSR) or microsatellite markers have been used in a broad range of studies mostly scoring alleles on the basis of amplicon size as a proxy for the number of repeat units of an SSR motif. However, additional sources of variation within the SSR or in the flanking regions have largely remained undetected. METHODS In this study, we implemented a next-generation sequencing-based genotyping approach in a newly characterized set of 18 nuclear SSR markers for the carob tree, Ceratonia siliqua. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of three different methods of scoring molecular variation present within microsatellite markers on the genetic diversity and structure results. RESULTS The analysis of the sequences of 77 multilocus genotypes from four populations revealed SSR variation and additional sources of polymorphism in 87% of the loci analyzed (42 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and five insertion/deletion polymorphisms), as well as divergent paralog copies in two loci. Ignoring sequence variation under standard amplicon size genotyping resulted in incorrect identification of 69% of the alleles, with important effects on the genetic diversity and structure estimates. DISCUSSION Next-generation sequencing allows the detection and scoring of SSRs, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and insertion/deletion polymorphisms to increase the resolution of population genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Viruel
- Royal Botanic GardensKew, RichmondSurreyTW9 3DSUnited Kingdom
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) [IMBE is sponsored by Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)]Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des LionsFR‐13007MarseilleFrance
| | - Anne Haguenauer
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) [IMBE is sponsored by Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)]Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des LionsFR‐13007MarseilleFrance
| | - Marianick Juin
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) [IMBE is sponsored by Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)]Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des LionsFR‐13007MarseilleFrance
| | - Fatma Mirleau
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) [IMBE is sponsored by Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)]Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des LionsFR‐13007MarseilleFrance
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM)Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière47 Boulevard de l'Hôpital75013ParisFrance
| | - Magda Boudagher‐Kharrat
- Laboratoire Caractérisation Génétique des PlantesFaculté des sciencesUniversité Saint‐JosephB.P. 11‐514 Riad El SolhBeirut1107 2050Lebanon
| | - Lahcen Ouahmane
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie et EnvironnementFaculté des Sciences SemlaliaUniversité Cadi AyyadMarrakeshMorocco
| | - Stefano La Malfa
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A)Università degli Studi di CataniaVia Valdisavoia 595123CataniaItaly
| | - Frédéric Médail
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) [IMBE is sponsored by Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)]Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des LionsFR‐13007MarseilleFrance
| | - Hervé Sanguin
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD)Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM)MontpellierFrance
- LSTM [LSTM is sponsored by University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro]TA A‐82/J Campus International de BaillarguetFR‐34398Montpellier CEDEX 5France
| | | | - Alex Baumel
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) [IMBE is sponsored by Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)]Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des LionsFR‐13007MarseilleFrance
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18
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Nava C, Rupp J, Boissel JP, Mignot C, Rastetter A, Amiet C, Jacquette A, Dupuits C, Bouteiller D, Keren B, Ruberg M, Faudet A, Doummar D, Philippe A, Périsse D, Laurent C, Lebrun N, Guillemot V, Chelly J, Cohen D, Héron D, Brice A, Closs EI, Depienne C. Hypomorphic variants of cationic amino acid transporter 3 in males with autism spectrum disorders. Amino Acids 2015. [PMID: 26215737 PMCID: PMC4633447 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cationic amino acid transporters (CATs) mediate the entry of L-type cationic amino acids (arginine, ornithine and lysine) into the cells including neurons. CAT-3, encoded by the SLC7A3 gene on chromosome X, is one of the three CATs present in the human genome, with selective expression in brain. SLC7A3 is highly intolerant to variation in humans, as attested by the low frequency of deleterious variants in available databases, but the impact on variants in this gene in humans remains undefined. In this study, we identified a missense variant in SLC7A3, encoding the CAT-3 cationic amino acid transporter, on chromosome X by exome sequencing in two brothers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We then sequenced the SLC7A3 coding sequence in 148 male patients with ASD and identified three additional rare missense variants in unrelated patients. Functional analyses of the mutant transporters showed that two of the four identified variants cause severe or moderate loss of CAT-3 function due to altered protein stability or abnormal trafficking to the plasma membrane. The patient with the most deleterious SLC7A3 variant had high-functioning autism and epilepsy, and also carries a de novo 16p11.2 duplication possibly contributing to his phenotype. This study shows that rare hypomorphic variants of SLC7A3 exist in male individuals and suggest that SLC7A3 variants possibly contribute to the etiology of ASD in male subjects in association with other genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Nava
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Johanna Rupp
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jean-Paul Boissel
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence "déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares", Paris, France.,Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme" UPMC, Paris, France.,Service de neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Rastetter
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Claire Amiet
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Aurélia Jacquette
- Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence "déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares", Paris, France.,Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme" UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Céline Dupuits
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Merle Ruberg
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Anne Faudet
- Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Diane Doummar
- Service de neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anne Philippe
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Didier Périsse
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre Diagnostic Autisme de l'Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Claudine Laurent
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France.,Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lebrun
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U567, UMR 8104, Université René Descartes, Paris 5, France
| | - Vincent Guillemot
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility (iCONICS), Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Jamel Chelly
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U567, UMR 8104, Université René Descartes, Paris 5, France
| | - David Cohen
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotiques, CNRS UMR 7222, UPMC-Paris-6, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence "déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares", Paris, France.,Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme" UPMC, Paris, France.,Service de neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Ellen I Closs
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christel Depienne
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France. .,INSERM, U 1127, 75013, Paris, France. .,CNRS, UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France. .,Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France. .,Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France.
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19
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Méneret A, Depienne C, Riant F, Trouillard O, Bouteiller D, Cincotta M, Bitoun P, Wickert J, Lagroua I, Westenberger A, Borgheresi A, Doummar D, Romano M, Rossi S, Defebvre L, De Meirleir L, Espay AJ, Fiori S, Klebe S, Quélin C, Rudnik-Schöneborn S, Plessis G, Dale RC, Sklower Brooks S, Dziezyc K, Pollak P, Golmard JL, Vidailhet M, Brice A, Roze E. Congenital mirror movements: mutational analysis of RAD51 and DCC in 26 cases. Neurology 2014; 82:1999-2002. [PMID: 24808016 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We screened a large series of individuals with congenital mirror movements (CMM) for mutations in the 2 identified causative genes, DCC and RAD51. METHODS We studied 6 familial and 20 simplex CMM cases. Each patient had a standardized neurologic assessment. Analysis of DCC and RAD51 coding regions included Sanger sequencing and a quantitative method allowing detection of micro rearrangements. We then compared the frequency of rare variants predicted to be pathogenic by either the PolyPhen-2 or the SIFT algorithm in our population and in the 4,300 controls of European origin on the Exome Variant Server. RESULTS We found 3 novel truncating mutations of DCC that segregate with CMM in 4 of the 6 families. Among the 20 simplex cases, we found one exonic deletion of DCC, one DCC mutation leading to a frameshift, 5 missense variants in DCC, and 2 missense variants in RAD51. All 7 missense variants were predicted to be pathogenic by one or both algorithms. Statistical analysis showed that the frequency of variants predicted to be deleterious was significantly different between patients and controls (p < 0.001 for both RAD51 and DCC). CONCLUSION Mutations and variants in DCC and RAD51 are strongly associated with CMM, but additional genes causing CMM remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Méneret
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Christel Depienne
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Florence Riant
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Oriane Trouillard
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Delphine Bouteiller
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Massimo Cincotta
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Pierre Bitoun
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Julia Wickert
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Isabelle Lagroua
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Ana Westenberger
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Alessandra Borgheresi
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Diane Doummar
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Marcello Romano
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Simone Rossi
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Luc Defebvre
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Linda De Meirleir
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Alberto J Espay
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Simona Fiori
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Stephan Klebe
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Chloé Quélin
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Ghislaine Plessis
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Russell C Dale
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Susan Sklower Brooks
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Karolina Dziezyc
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Pierre Pollak
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Jean-Louis Golmard
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Alexis Brice
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- From INSERM, U 975, and CNRS 7225-CRICM (A.M., C.D., O.T., D.B., I.L., M.V., A.B., E.R.), Département de Neurologie (A.M., M.V., E.R.), Fédération de Génétique, Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique (C.D., A.B.), Banque d'ADN et de cellules (I.L.), Department of Biostatistics (J.-L.G.), and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pitié Neurosciences 1422 (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6 (A.M., C.D., M.V., A.B., E.R.), UMR_S 975, Paris; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris; INSERM UMR_S740 (F.R.), Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.C., A.B.), Florence Health Authority, Italy; Génétique Médicale (P.B.), CHU Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; Department of Human Genetics (J.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics (A.W.), University of Lübeck, Germany; Service de Neuropédiatrie (D.D.), Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France; Unit of Neurology (M.R.), Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo; Department of Neuroscience (S.R.), Section of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Siena, Italy; Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement (L.D.), Neurologie A, Hopital Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, EA 1046, Lille, France; Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism (L.D.M.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium; James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders (A.J.E.), University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (S.F.), Calambrone, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neurology (S.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Service de Génétique Clinique (C.Q.), Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France; Institute for Human Genetics (S.R.-S.), Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany; Service de Génétique (G.P.), CHU Clémenceau, Caen, F
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Nava C, Lamari F, Héron D, Mignot C, Rastetter A, Keren B, Cohen D, Faudet A, Bouteiller D, Gilleron M, Jacquette A, Whalen S, Afenjar A, Périsse D, Laurent C, Dupuits C, Gautier C, Gérard M, Huguet G, Caillet S, Leheup B, Leboyer M, Gillberg C, Delorme R, Bourgeron T, Brice A, Depienne C. Analysis of the chromosome X exome in patients with autism spectrum disorders identified novel candidate genes, including TMLHE. Transl Psychiatry 2012; 2:e179. [PMID: 23092983 PMCID: PMC3565810 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2012.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The striking excess of affected males in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) suggests that genes located on chromosome X contribute to the etiology of these disorders. To identify new X-linked genes associated with ASD, we analyzed the entire chromosome X exome by next-generation sequencing in 12 unrelated families with two affected males. Thirty-six possibly deleterious variants in 33 candidate genes were found, including PHF8 and HUWE1, previously implicated in intellectual disability (ID). A nonsense mutation in TMLHE, which encodes the ɛ-N-trimethyllysine hydroxylase catalyzing the first step of carnitine biosynthesis, was identified in two brothers with autism and ID. By screening the TMLHE coding sequence in 501 male patients with ASD, we identified two additional missense substitutions not found in controls and not reported in databases. Functional analyses confirmed that the mutations were associated with a loss-of-function and led to an increase in trimethyllysine, the precursor of carnitine biosynthesis, in the plasma of patients. This study supports the hypothesis that rare variants on the X chromosome are involved in the etiology of ASD and contribute to the sex-ratio disequilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nava
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,CNRS 7225—CRICM, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,Université Pierre et Marie
Curie-Paris-6 (UPMC), UMR_S 975, Paris, France,Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France
| | - F Lamari
- Département de Biochimie, AP-HP,
Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris,
France
| | - D Héron
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, service de
neuropédiatrie, Paris, France,Centre de Référence
‘déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares',
Paris, France,Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC)
‘déficience intellectuelle et autisme' UPMC,
Paris, France
| | - C Mignot
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, service de
neuropédiatrie, Paris, France,Centre de Référence
‘déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares',
Paris, France,Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC)
‘déficience intellectuelle et autisme' UPMC,
Paris, France
| | - A Rastetter
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,CNRS 7225—CRICM, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,Université Pierre et Marie
Curie-Paris-6 (UPMC), UMR_S 975, Paris, France
| | - B Keren
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de
cytogénétique, AP-HP, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - D Cohen
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et
de l'adolescent, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,Institut des Systèmes Intelligents
et Robotiques, CNRS UMR 7222, UPMC-Paris-6, Paris,
France
| | - A Faudet
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France
| | - D Bouteiller
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,CNRS 7225—CRICM, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,Université Pierre et Marie
Curie-Paris-6 (UPMC), UMR_S 975, Paris, France,ICM, PFGS Platform, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - M Gilleron
- Département de Biochimie, AP-HP,
Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris,
France
| | - A Jacquette
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,Centre de Référence
‘déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares',
Paris, France,Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC)
‘déficience intellectuelle et autisme' UPMC,
Paris, France
| | - S Whalen
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France
| | - A Afenjar
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, service de
neuropédiatrie, Paris, France,Centre de Référence
‘déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares',
Paris, France,Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC)
‘déficience intellectuelle et autisme' UPMC,
Paris, France,Centre de référence des
anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital
Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - D Périsse
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et
de l'adolescent, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,Centre référent
autisme, Paris, France
| | - C Laurent
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,CNRS 7225—CRICM, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et
de l'adolescent, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France
| | - C Dupuits
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,Service de diététique et
unité fonctionnelle de neurormétabolisme, AP-HP, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - C Gautier
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,CNRS 7225—CRICM, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - M Gérard
- CHU Côte de Nacre,
Paris, France
| | - G Huguet
- Institut Pasteur, Human Genetics and
Cognitive Functions Unit, Paris, France,CNRS URA 2182 ‘Genes, synapses and
cognition', Institut Pasteur, Paris, France,University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris
Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Paris,
France
| | - S Caillet
- Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,Service de diététique et
unité fonctionnelle de neurormétabolisme, AP-HP, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - B Leheup
- CHU de Nancy Pôle Enfants, Service de
Médecine Infantile III et Génétique Clinique, Centre de
référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs et
Université de Lorraine EA 4368, Vandoeuvre les Nancy,
France
| | - M Leboyer
- Inserm, U955,
Créteil, France,Université Paris Est, Faculté
de médecine, Créteil, France,AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor—A.
Chenevier, Pole de Psychiatrie, Créteil, France,Fondation FondaMental,
Créteil, France
| | - C Gillberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry, Goteborg University, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - R Delorme
- AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré,
Service de pédopsychiatrie, Paris, France
| | - T Bourgeron
- Institut Pasteur, Human Genetics and
Cognitive Functions Unit, Paris, France,CNRS URA 2182 ‘Genes, synapses and
cognition', Institut Pasteur, Paris, France,University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris
Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Paris,
France
| | - A Brice
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,CNRS 7225—CRICM, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,Université Pierre et Marie
Curie-Paris-6 (UPMC), UMR_S 975, Paris, France,Département de Génétique
et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique
clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, France,INSERM U975 (Cricm), Institut du cerveau et de la moelle
épinière, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris
75 013, France. E-mail: or
| | - C Depienne
- INSERM, U975—CRICM, Institut du cerveau
et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,CNRS 7225—CRICM, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,Université Pierre et Marie
Curie-Paris-6 (UPMC), UMR_S 975, Paris, France,Département de
Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Unité fonctionnelle de
neurogénétique moléculaire et cellulaire, AP-HP, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France,INSERM U975 (Cricm), Institut du cerveau et de la moelle
épinière, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris
75 013, France. E-mail: or
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Méneret A, Grabli D, Depienne C, Gaudebout C, Picard F, Dürr A, Lagroua I, Bouteiller D, Mignot C, Doummar D, Anheim M, Tranchant C, Burbaud P, Jedynak CP, Gras D, Steschenko D, Devos D, Billette de Villemeur T, Vidailhet M, Brice A, Roze E. PRRT2 mutations: a major cause of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia in the European population. Neurology 2012; 79:170-4. [PMID: 22744660 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31825f06c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of hyperkinetic movements. PKD can be isolated or associated with benign infantile seizures as part of the infantile convulsions with choreoathetosis (ICCA) syndrome. Mutations in the PRRT2 gene were recently identified in patients with PKD and ICCA. We studied the prevalence of PRRT2 mutations and characteristics of the patients in a European population of patients with PKD and ICCA. METHODS Patients were recruited through the 1996-2011 database of our DNA bank, to which physicians refer DNA with a putative diagnosis and clinical information. Two movement disorders experts reviewed the information on patients with a putative diagnosis of PKD. Patients who fulfilled the criteria for PKD and ICCA were included. The PRRT2 coding sequence was analyzed by direct sequencing. RESULTS Among 42 index cases of unrelated families referred with a putative diagnosis of PKD, a total of 34 patients, including 32 with isolated PKD and 2 with ICCA, were selected for genetic analysis. Mutations introducing premature termination codons were identified in 22 of 34 patients including 13 of 14 families and 9 of 20 patients with sporadic cases. The previously described c.649dupC/pArg217ProfsX8 and c.629dupC/pAla211SerfsX14 were present, respectively, in 17 patients and 1 patient; we also report 3 novel mutations: c.649delC/pArg217GlufsX12 in 2 patients, and c.562C>T/pGln188X and c.649C>T/pArg217X, each in 1 patient. The group with mutations was characterized by a younger age at onset (9 years) compared with the patients without mutations (15 years; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Mutations in PRRT2 are a major cause of PKD in familial and sporadic cases in the European population.
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22
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Depienne C, Bouteiller D, Méneret A, Billot S, Groppa S, Klebe S, Charbonnier-Beaupel F, Corvol JC, Saraiva JP, Brueggemann N, Bhatia K, Cincotta M, Brochard V, Flamand-Roze C, Carpentier W, Meunier S, Marie Y, Gaussen M, Stevanin G, Wehrle R, Vidailhet M, Klein C, Dusart I, Brice A, Roze E. RAD51 haploinsufficiency causes congenital mirror movements in humans. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 90:301-7. [PMID: 22305526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital mirror movements (CMM) are characterized by involuntary movements of one side of the body that mirror intentional movements on the opposite side. CMM reflect dysfunctions and structural abnormalities of the motor network and are mainly inherited in an autosomal-dominant fashion. Recently, heterozygous mutations in DCC, the gene encoding the receptor for netrin 1 and involved in the guidance of developing axons toward the midline, have been identified but CMM are genetically heterogeneous. By combining genome-wide linkage analysis and exome sequencing, we identified heterozygous mutations introducing premature termination codons in RAD51 in two families with CMM. RAD51 mRNA was significantly downregulated in individuals with CMM resulting from the degradation of the mutated mRNA by nonsense-mediated decay. RAD51 was specifically present in the developing mouse cortex and, more particularly, in a subpopulation of corticospinal axons at the pyramidal decussation. The identification of mutations in RAD51, known for its key role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks through homologous recombination, in individuals with CMM reveals a totally unexpected role of RAD51 in neurodevelopment. These findings open a new field of investigation for researchers attempting to unravel the molecular pathways underlying bimanual motor control in humans.
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23
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Depienne C, Trouillard O, Bouteiller D, Gourfinkel-An I, Poirier K, Rivier F, Berquin P, Nabbout R, Chaigne D, Steschenko D, Gautier A, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Lannuzel A, Lackmy-Port-Lis M, Maurey H, Dusser A, Bru M, Gilbert-Dussardier B, Roubertie A, Kaminska A, Whalen S, Mignot C, Baulac S, Lesca G, Arzimanoglou A, LeGuern E. Mutations and deletions in PCDH19 account for various familial or isolated epilepsies in females. Hum Mutat 2011; 32:E1959-75. [PMID: 21053371 PMCID: PMC3033517 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in PCDH19, encoding protocadherin 19 on chromosome X, cause familial epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females or Dravet-like syndrome. Heterozygous females are affected while hemizygous males are spared, this unusual mode of inheritance being probably due to a mechanism called cellular interference. To extend the mutational and clinical spectra associated with PCDH19, we screened 150 unrelated patients (113 females) with febrile and afebrile seizures for mutations or rearrangements in the gene. Fifteen novel point mutations were identified in 15 female patients (6 sporadic and 9 familial cases). In addition, qPCR revealed two whole gene deletions and one partial deletion in 3 sporadic female patients. Clinical features were highly variable but included almost constantly a high sensitivity to fever and clusters of brief seizures. Interestingly, cognitive functions were normal in several family members of 2 families: the familial condition in family 1 was suggestive of Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus (GEFS+) whereas all three affected females had partial cryptogenic epilepsy. These results show that mutations in PCDH19 are a relatively frequent cause of epilepsy in females and should be considered even in absence of family history and/or mental retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Depienne
- Département de génétique et cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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24
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Depienne C, Cincotta M, Billot S, Bouteiller D, Groppa S, Brochard V, Flamand C, Hubsch C, Meunier S, Giovannelli F, Klebe S, Corvol JC, Vidailhet M, Brice A, Roze E. A novel DCC mutation and genetic heterogeneity in congenital mirror movements. Neurology 2011; 76:260-4. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318207b1e0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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25
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Abouda H, Hizem Y, Gargouri A, Depienne C, Bouteiller D, Riant F, Tournier-Lasserve E, Gourfinkel-An I, LeGuern E, Gouider R. Familial form of typical childhood absence epilepsy in a consanguineous context. Epilepsia 2010; 51:1889-93. [PMID: 20561025 DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Causative genes for childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) are unknown partly because families are small or phenotypically heterogeneous. In five consanguineous Tunisian families with at least two sibs with CAE, 14 patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for CAE (Epilepsia 1989; 30:389-399). Linkage analyses or direct sequencing excluded CACNG2, CACNA1A, CACNB4, and CACNA2D2, orthologs of genes responsible for autosomal recessive (AR) absence seizures in mice. These families will help identify (a) gene(s) responsible for CAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Abouda
- Service de Neurologie, CHU Razi, La Manouba, Tunisie
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26
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Depienne C, Magnin E, Bouteiller D, Stevanin G, Saint-Martin C, Vidailhet M, Apartis E, Hirsch E, LeGuern E, Labauge P, Rumbach L. Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy: the third locus (FCMTE3) maps to 5p. Neurology 2010; 74:2000-3. [PMID: 20548044 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e396a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) is defined by autosomal dominant adult-onset cortical myoclonus (CM) and seizures in 40% of patients. Two loci, 8q23.3-q24.11 (FAME1/FCMTE1) and 2p11.1-q12.2 (FAME2/FCMTE2), were previously reported without an identified gene. Unlinked families argue for a third mutated gene. METHODS A genome-wide scan was performed in a large FCMTE family using Linkage-12 microarrays (Illumina). Refinement of the locus on 5p was performed by genotyping 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers in the 45 available family members. RESULTS This large French FCMTE family included 16 affected relatives. The first symptoms were CM in 5 patients (31.2%), seizures in 5 patients (31.2%), and both at the same time in 6 patients (37.5%). A total of 12.5% (2/16) had only CM without seizures. The genome-wide scan identified a single region on 5p15.31-p15, with a multipoint lod score of 3.66. Further genotyping of all family members confirmed that the region spans 9.31 Mb between D5S580 and D5S2096, 2-point lod scores reaching 6.3 at theta = 0 for D5S486. Sequencing of the SEMA5A and CTNND2 genes failed to detect mutations. CONCLUSIONS We report the clinical and genetic characteristics of a large familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy family. The third gene maps to 5p15.31-p15. Identification of the mutated gene is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Depienne
- INSERM, UMR_S975, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CNRS 7225, Centre de Recherche-Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle, Paris, France
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27
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Depienne C, Trouillard O, Gourfinkel-An I, Saint-Martin C, Bouteiller D, Graber D, Barthez-Carpentier MA, Gautier A, Villeneuve N, Dravet C, Livet MO, Rivier-Ringenbach C, Adam C, Dupont S, Baulac S, Heron D, Nabbout R, LeGuern E. Mechanisms for variable expressivity of inherited SCN1A mutations causing Dravet syndrome. J Med Genet 2010; 47:404-10. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.074328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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28
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Depienne C, Magnin E, Bouteiller D, Stevanin G, Saint-Martin C, Vidailhet M, Apartis E, LeGuern E, Labauge P, Rumbach L. Tremblement cortical familial associé à une épilepsie : localisation génétique en 5p. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(10)70014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Depienne C, Moreno-De-Luca D, Heron D, Bouteiller D, Gennetier A, Delorme R, Chaste P, Siffroi JP, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Benyahia B, Trouillard O, Nygren G, Kopp S, Johansson M, Rastam M, Burglen L, Leguern E, Verloes A, Leboyer M, Brice A, Gillberg C, Betancur C. Screening for genomic rearrangements and methylation abnormalities of the 15q11-q13 region in autism spectrum disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 66:349-59. [PMID: 19278672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Revised: 01/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternally derived duplications of the 15q11-q13 region are the most frequently reported chromosomal aberrations in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes, caused by 15q11-q13 deletions or abnormal methylation of imprinted genes, are also associated with ASD. However, the prevalence of these disorders in ASD is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of 15q11-q13 rearrangements in a large sample of patients ascertained for ASD. METHODS A total of 522 patients belonging to 430 families were screened for deletions, duplications, and methylation abnormalities involving 15q11-q13 with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). RESULTS We identified four patients with 15q11-q13 abnormalities: a supernumerary chromosome 15, a paternal interstitial duplication, and two subjects with Angelman syndrome, one with a maternal deletion and the other with a paternal uniparental disomy. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that abnormalities of the 15q11-q13 region are a significant cause of ASD, accounting for approximately 1% of cases. Maternal interstitial 15q11-q13 duplications, previously reported to be present in 1% of patients with ASD, were not detected in our sample. Although paternal duplications of chromosome 15 remain phenotypically silent in the majority of patients, they can give rise to developmental delay and ASD in some subjects, suggesting that paternally expressed genes in this region can contribute to ASD, albeit with reduced penetrance compared with maternal duplications. These findings indicate that patients with ASD should be routinely screened for 15q genomic imbalances and methylation abnormalities and that MLPA is a reliable, rapid, and cost-effective method to perform this screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Depienne
- INSERM U679, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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30
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Magnin E, Vidailhet M, Depienne C, Saint-Martin C, Bouteiller D, LeGuern E, Apartis E, Rumbach L, Labauge P. Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE): Clinical characteristics and exclusion of linkages to 8q and 2p in a large French family. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009; 165:812-20. [PMID: 19616813 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2009.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) is defined by an autosomal-dominant inheritance, adult onset of myoclonus of the extremities, infrequent epileptic seizures, a non-progressive course, polyspikes on electroencephalography (EEG), photosensitivity, giant somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP), enhancement of C-reflex and a premyoclonus spike detected by jerk-locked EEG back-averaging. Two genes yet to be identified are mapped to 8q23.3-q24.1 and 2p11.1-q12.2. METHODS The present study involved five generations of a French family presenting with FCMTE, including 76 family members. Clinical analyses were performed in 39 living subjects and electrophysiological studies in five patients. Altogether, 27 relatives (21 living and six deceased) had the clinical characteristics of FCMTE, 17 of whom were analyzed. Linkage analyses were performed with microsatellites encompassing the two known loci (8q 23.3-q24.1 and 2p11.1-q12.2). RESULTS Mean age at onset in the 17 living patients was 28.8 years (range 24-41). All had myoclonus/cortical tremor, and 11/17 had generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Other clinical symptoms were photosensitivity (16 cases), partial seizures (five cases), sensitivity to starvation/exercise (six cases) and vibration (four cases), ophthalmic migraine (six cases) and gait disorders (10 cases). Electrophysiological studies confirmed the FCMTE diagnosis in the five studied patients. Of the remaining relatives, 14 were considered healthy (asymptomatic subjects aged more than 40years) and eight were of unknown status (asymptomatic aged lesser than 40years). The pattern of inheritance was consistent with autosomal-dominant inheritance, although the two loci responsible for FCMTE were excluded. CONCLUSION This large family highlights some unusual clinical characteristics and suggests the presence of a third gene. Genetic research is ongoing to identify the mutated gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Magnin
- Department of Neurology, Jean Minjoz University Hospital of Besançon, France.
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31
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Clot F, Grabli D, Cazeneuve C, Roze E, Castelnau P, Chabrol B, Landrieu P, Nguyen K, Ponsot G, Abada M, Doummar D, Damier P, Gil R, Thobois S, Ward AJ, Hutchinson M, Toutain A, Picard F, Camuzat A, Fedirko E, Sân C, Bouteiller D, LeGuern E, Durr A, Vidailhet M, Brice A. Exhaustive analysis of BH4 and dopamine biosynthesis genes in patients with Dopa-responsive dystonia. Brain 2009; 132:1753-63. [PMID: 19491146 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awp084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopa-responsive dystonia is a childhood-onset dystonic disorder, characterized by a dramatic response to low dose of L-Dopa. Dopa-responsive dystonia is mostly caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the GCH1 gene (GTP cyclohydrolase1) and more rarely by autosomal recessive mutations in the TH (tyrosine hydroxylase) or SPR (sepiapterin reductase) genes. In addition, mutations in the PARK2 gene (parkin) which causes autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism may present as Dopa-responsive dystonia. In order to evaluate the relative frequency of the mutations in these genes, but also in the genes involved in the biosynthesis and recycling of BH4, and to evaluate the associated clinical spectrum, we have studied a large series of index patients (n = 64) with Dopa-responsive dystonia, in whom dystonia improved by at least 50% after L-Dopa treatment. Fifty seven of these patients were classified as pure Dopa-responsive dystonia and seven as Dopa-responsive dystonia-plus syndromes. All patients were screened for point mutations and large rearrangements in the GCH1 gene, followed by sequencing of the TH and SPR genes, then PTS (pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase), PCBD (pterin-4a-carbinolamine dehydratase), QDPR (dihydropteridin reductase) and PARK2 (parkin) genes. We identified 34 different heterozygous point mutations in 40 patients, and six different large deletions in seven patients in the GCH1 gene. Except for one patient with mental retardation and a large deletion of 2.3 Mb encompassing 10 genes, all patients had stereotyped clinical features, characterized by pure Dopa-responsive dystonia with onset in the lower limbs and an excellent response to low doses of L-Dopa. Dystonia started in the first decade of life in 40 patients (85%) and before the age of 1 year in one patient (2.2%). Three of the 17 negative GCH1 patients had mutations in the TH gene, two in the SPR gene and one in the PARK2 gene. No mutations in the three genes involved in the biosynthesis and recycling of BH4 were identified. The clinical presentations of patients with mutations in TH and SPR genes were strikingly more complex, characterized by mental retardation, oculogyric crises and parkinsonism and they were all classified as Dopa-responsive dystonia-plus syndromes. Patient with mutation in the PARK2 gene had Dopa-responsive dystonia with a good improvement with L-Dopa, similar to Dopa-responsive dystonia secondary to GCH1 mutations. Although the yield of mutations exceeds 80% in pure Dopa-responsive dystonia and Dopa-responsive dystonia-plus syndromes groups, the genes involved are clearly different: GCH1 in the former and TH and SPR in the later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Clot
- AP-HP, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Depienne C, Heron D, Betancur C, Benyahia B, Trouillard O, Bouteiller D, Verloes A, Leguern E, Leboyer M, Brice A. Autism, language delay and mental retardation in a patient with 7q11 duplication. BMJ Case Rep 2009; 2009:bcr05.2009.1911. [PMID: 21686962 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.05.2009.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements are found in a subset of patients with autism. Duplications involving loci associated with behavioural disturbances constitute an especially good candidate mechanism. The Williams-Beuren critical region (WBCR), located at 7q11.23, is commonly deleted in Williams-Beuren microdeletion syndrome (WBS). However, only four patients with a duplication of the WBCR have been reported to date. Here, 206 patients with autism spectrum disorders were screened for the WBCR duplication by quantitative microsatellite analysis and multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification. One male patient with a de novo interstitial duplication of the entire WBCR of paternal origin was identified. The patient had autistic disorder, severe language delay and mental retardation, with mild dysmorphism. The present report concerns the first patient with autistic disorder and a WBCR duplication. This observation indicates that the 7q11.23 duplication could be involved in complex clinical phenotypes, ranging from developmental or language delay to mental retardation and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Depienne
- INSERM U679 (formerly U289), Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Depienne C, Bouteiller D, Keren B, Cheuret E, Poirier K, Trouillard O, Benyahia B, Quelin C, Carpentier W, Julia S, Afenjar A, Gautier A, Rivier F, Meyer S, Berquin P, Hélias M, Py I, Rivera S, Bahi-Buisson N, Gourfinkel-An I, Cazeneuve C, Ruberg M, Brice A, Nabbout R, Leguern E. Sporadic infantile epileptic encephalopathy caused by mutations in PCDH19 resembles Dravet syndrome but mainly affects females. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000381. [PMID: 19214208 PMCID: PMC2633044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dravet syndrome (DS) is a genetically determined epileptic encephalopathy mainly caused by de novo mutations in the SCN1A gene. Since 2003, we have performed molecular analyses in a large series of patients with DS, 27% of whom were negative for mutations or rearrangements in SCN1A. In order to identify new genes responsible for the disorder in the SCN1A-negative patients, 41 probands were screened for micro-rearrangements with Illumina high-density SNP microarrays. A hemizygous deletion on chromosome Xq22.1, encompassing the PCDH19 gene, was found in one male patient. To confirm that PCDH19 is responsible for a Dravet-like syndrome, we sequenced its coding region in 73 additional SCN1A-negative patients. Nine different point mutations (four missense and five truncating mutations) were identified in 11 unrelated female patients. In addition, we demonstrated that the fibroblasts of our male patient were mosaic for the PCDH19 deletion. Patients with PCDH19 and SCN1A mutations had very similar clinical features including the association of early febrile and afebrile seizures, seizures occurring in clusters, developmental and language delays, behavioural disturbances, and cognitive regression. There were, however, slight but constant differences in the evolution of the patients, including fewer polymorphic seizures (in particular rare myoclonic jerks and atypical absences) in those with PCDH19 mutations. These results suggest that PCDH19 plays a major role in epileptic encephalopathies, with a clinical spectrum overlapping that of DS. This disorder mainly affects females. The identification of an affected mosaic male strongly supports the hypothesis that cellular interference is the pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Depienne
- Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, AP-HP, Fédération de Génétique, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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Depienne C, Trouillard O, Saint-Martin C, Gourfinkel-An I, Bouteiller D, Carpentier W, Keren B, Abert B, Gautier A, Baulac S, Arzimanoglou A, Cazeneuve C, Nabbout R, LeGuern E. Spectrum of SCN1A gene mutations associated with Dravet syndrome: analysis of 333 patients. J Med Genet 2008; 46:183-91. [PMID: 18930999 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2008.062323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel SCN1A gene are the main genetic cause of Dravet syndrome (previously called severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy or SMEI). OBJECTIVE To characterise in more detail the mutation spectrum associated with Dravet syndrome. METHODS A large series of 333 patients was screened using both direct sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Non-coding regions of the gene that are usually not investigated were also screened. RESULTS SCN1A point mutations were identified in 228 patients, 161 of which had not been previously reported. Missense mutations, either (1) altering a highly conserved amino acid of the protein, (2) transforming this conserved residue into a chemically dissimilar amino acid and/or (3) belonging to ion-transport sequences, were the most common mutation type. MLPA analysis of the 105 patients without point mutation detected a heterozygous microrearrangement of SCN1A in 14 additional patients; 8 were private, partial deletions and six corresponded to whole gene deletions, 0.15-2.9 Mb in size, deleting nearby genes. Finally, mutations in exon 5N and in untranslated regions of the SCN1A gene that were conserved during evolution were excluded in the remaining negative patients. CONCLUSION These findings widely expand the SCN1A mutation spectrum identified and highlight the importance of screening the coding regions with both direct sequencing and a quantitative method. This mutation spectrum, including whole gene deletions, argues in favour of haploinsufficiency as the main mechanism responsible for Dravet syndrome.
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Depienne C, Heron D, Betancur C, Benyahia B, Trouillard O, Bouteiller D, Verloes A, LeGuern E, Leboyer M, Brice A. Autism, language delay and mental retardation in a patient with 7q11 duplication. J Med Genet 2007; 44:452-8. [PMID: 17400790 PMCID: PMC1994965 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2006.047092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal rearrangements, arising from unequal recombination between repeated sequences, are found in a subset of patients with autism. Duplications involving loci associated with behavioural disturbances constitute an especially good candidate mechanism. The Williams-Beuren critical region (WBCR), located at 7q11.23, is commonly deleted in Williams-Beuren microdeletion syndrome (WBS). However, only four patients with a duplication of the WBCR have been reported to date: one with severe language delay and the three others with variable developmental, psychomotor and language delay. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS In this study, we screened 206 patients with autism spectrum disorders for the WBCR duplication by quantitative microsatellite analysis and multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification. RESULTS We identified one male patient with a de novo interstitial duplication of the entire WBCR of paternal origin. The patient had autistic disorder, severe language delay and mental retardation, with very mild dysmorphic features. CONCLUSION We report the first patient with autistic disorder and a WBCR duplication. This observation indicates that the 7q11.23 duplication could be involved in complex clinical phenotypes, ranging from developmental or language delay to mental retardation and autism, and extends the phenotype initially reported. These findings also support the existence of one or several genes in 7q11.23 sensitive to gene dosage and involved in the development of language and social interaction.
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Dubourg O, Azzedine H, Yaou RB, Pouget J, Barois A, Meininger V, Bouteiller D, Ruberg M, Brice A, LeGuern E. The G526R glycyl-tRNA synthetase gene mutation in distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V. Neurology 2006; 66:1721-6. [PMID: 16769947 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000218304.02715.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) or distal spinal muscular atrophy (dSMA) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized almost exclusively by degeneration of motor nerve fibers, predominantly in the distal part of the limbs. One subtype, dHMN type V (dHMN-V), is transmitted by autosomal dominant inheritance and predominantly involves the hands. It is allelic with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2D (CMT2D), in which a similar phenotype is associated with sensory signs. Missense mutations in the glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS) gene have been recently reported in families with either dHMN-V, CMT2D, or both. METHODS The authors searched for GARS mutations in eight dHMN-V families. RESULTS The authors found the G526R missense mutation in three families (16 patients) of Algerian Sephardic Jewish origin. All patients shared a common disease haplotype, suggestive of a founder effect. The clinical phenotype consists of a slowly progressive, purely motor distal neuropathy. It starts in the hands in most patients, but also in both distal upper and lower limbs or in distal lower limbs alone. The age at onset in symptomatic individuals was between the second to fourth decades, but four mutation carriers were still asymptomatic, two of whom were already age 49 years. Electrophysiology showed that the motor fibers of the median nerve were the most affected in upper limbs. Sensory nerve action potentials were normal. CONCLUSIONS The age at onset of patients with the G526R mutation in the GARS gene varied widely, but the clinical and electrophysiologic presentation was uniform and progressed slowly. Glycyl-tRNA synthetase mutations are a frequent cause of familial distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V but, because of the reduced penetrance of the disease, could also account for isolated cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Dubourg
- INSERM U679, Consultation Pluridisciplinaire des Neuropathies Héréditaires, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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