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Shirai T, Ishizawa M, Zhuravlev R, Ganshin A, Belikov D, Saito M, Oda T, Valsala V, Gomez-Pelaez AJ, Langenfelds R, Maksyutov S. A decadal inversion of CO 2 using the Global Eulerian-Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric model (GELCA): sensitivity to the ground-based observation network. Tellus B Chem Phys Meteorol 2017; 69:1291158. [PMID: 32848290 PMCID: PMC7447134 DOI: 10.1080/16000889.2017.1291158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present an assimilation system for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) using a Global Eulerian-Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric model (GELCA), and demonstrate its capability to capture the observed atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios and to estimate CO2 fluxes. With the efficient data handling scheme in GELCA, our system assimilates non-smoothed CO2 data from observational data products such as the Observation Package (ObsPack) data products as constraints on surface fluxes. We conducted sensitivity tests to examine the impact of the site selections and the prior uncertainty settings of observation on the inversion results. For these sensitivity tests, we made five different site/data selections from the ObsPack product. In all cases, the time series of the global net CO2 flux to the atmosphere stayed close to values calculated from the growth rate of the observed global mean atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio. At regional scales, estimated seasonal CO2 fluxes were altered, depending on the CO2 data selected for assimilation. Uncertainty reductions (URs) were determined at the regional scale and compared among cases. As measures of the model-data mismatch, we used the model-data bias, root-mean-square error, and the linear correlation. For most observation sites, the model-data mismatch was reasonably small. Regarding regional flux estimates, tropical Asia was one of the regions that showed a significant impact from the observation network settings. We found that the surface fluxes in tropical Asia were the most sensitive to the use of aircraft measurements over the Pacific, and the seasonal cycle agreed better with the results of bottom-up studies when the aircraft measurements were assimilated. These results confirm the importance of these aircraft observations, especially for constraining surface fluxes in the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shirai
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - M Ishizawa
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - R Zhuravlev
- Central Aerological Observatory, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - A Ganshin
- Central Aerological Observatory, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - D Belikov
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
- Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan
| | - M Saito
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - T Oda
- Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research, Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA / Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - V Valsala
- Indian Institute for Tropical Meteorology
| | - A J Gomez-Pelaez
- Izaña Atmospheric Research Center, Meteorological State Agency of Spain, Izaña, Spain
| | - R Langenfelds
- Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Aspendale, Australia
| | - S Maksyutov
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
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Houweling S, Badawy B, Baker DF, Basu S, Belikov D, Bergamaschi P, Bousquet P, Broquet G, Butler T, Canadell JG, Chen J, Chevallier F, Ciais P, Collatz GJ, Denning S, Engelen R, Enting IG, Fischer ML, Fraser A, Gerbig C, Gloor M, Jacobson AR, Jones DBA, Heimann M, Khalil A, Kaminski T, Kasibhatla PS, Krakauer NY, Krol M, Maki T, Maksyutov S, Manning A, Meesters A, Miller JB, Palmer PI, Patra P, Peters W, Peylin P, Poussi Z, Prather MJ, Randerson JT, Röckmann T, Rödenbeck C, Sarmiento JL, Schimel DS, Scholze M, Schuh A, Suntharalingam P, Takahashi T, Turnbull J, Yurganov L, Vermeulen A. Iconic CO
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Time Series at Risk. Science 2012; 337:1038-40. [DOI: 10.1126/science.337.6098.1038-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sander Houweling
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 3584 CA, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bakr Badawy
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - David F. Baker
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523–1375, USA
| | - Sourish Basu
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 3584 CA, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Belikov
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | | | - Philippe Bousquet
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gregoire Broquet
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tim Butler
- Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, 14467, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Josep G. Canadell
- Global Carbon Project, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jing Chen
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Frederic Chevallier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Scott Denning
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523–1375, USA
| | - Richard Engelen
- European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
| | - Ian G. Enting
- ARC Centre of Excellence in the Mathematics and Statistics of Complex Systems, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marc L. Fischer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Washington, DC 20024, USA
| | | | | | - Manuel Gloor
- Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andrew R. Jacobson
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | | | - Martin Heimann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Aslam Khalil
- Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, USA
| | | | | | - Nir Y. Krakauer
- Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Maarten Krol
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 3584 CA, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
- Meteorology and Air Quality, Wageningen University and Research Center, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Takashi Maki
- Environmental and Applied Meteorology Research Department, Meteorol ogical Research Institute, Tskuba, Japan
| | - Shamil Maksyutov
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Andrew Manning
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - John B. Miller
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | | | - Prabir Patra
- Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan
| | - Wouter Peters
- Meteorology and Air Quality, Wageningen University and Research Center, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Peylin
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Röckmann
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Schuh
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523–1375, USA
| | | | - Taro Takahashi
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964–8000, USA
| | | | - Leonid Yurganov
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Alex Vermeulen
- Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland, 1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands
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