1
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Shen X, Shen M, Wu C, Peñuelas J, Ciais P, Zhang J, Freeman C, Palmer PI, Liu B, Henderson M, Song Z, Sun S, Lu X, Jiang M. Critical role of water conditions in the responses of autumn phenology of marsh wetlands to climate change on the Tibetan Plateau. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17097. [PMID: 38273510 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau, housing 20% of China's wetlands, plays a vital role in the regional carbon cycle. Examining the phenological dynamics of wetland vegetation in response to climate change is crucial for understanding its impact on the ecosystem. Despite this importance, the specific effects of climate change on wetland vegetation phenology in this region remain uncertain. In this study, we investigated the influence of climate change on the end of the growing season (EOS) of marsh wetland vegetation across the Tibetan Plateau, utilizing satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data and observational climate data. We observed that the regionally averaged EOS of marsh vegetation across the Tibetan Plateau was significantly (p < .05) delayed by 4.10 days/decade from 2001 to 2020. Warming preseason temperatures were found to be the primary driver behind the delay in the EOS of marsh vegetation, whereas preseason cumulative precipitation showed no significant impact. Interestingly, the responses of EOS to climate change varied spatially across the plateau, indicating a regulatory role for hydrological conditions in marsh phenology. In the humid and cold central regions, preseason daytime warming significantly delayed the EOS. However, areas with lower soil moisture exhibited a weaker or reversed delay effect, suggesting complex interplays between temperature, soil moisture, and EOS. Notably, in the arid southwestern regions of the plateau, increased preseason rainfall directly delayed the EOS, while higher daytime temperatures advanced it. Our results emphasize the critical role of hydrological conditions, specifically soil moisture, in shaping marsh EOS responses in different regions. Our findings underscore the need to incorporate hydrological factors into terrestrial ecosystem models, particularly in cold and dry regions, for accurate predictions of marsh vegetation phenological responses to climate change. This understanding is vital for informed conservation and management strategies in the face of current and future climate challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjin Shen
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Miaogen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyang Wu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC- UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chris Freeman
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Binhui Liu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Mark Henderson
- Mills College, Northeastern University, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaobo Sun
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianguo Lu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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2
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Zeng ZC, Pongetti T, Newman S, Oda T, Gurney K, Palmer PI, Yung YL, Sander SP. Decadal decrease in Los Angeles methane emissions is much smaller than bottom-up estimates. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5353. [PMID: 37660143 PMCID: PMC10475107 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, has a short atmospheric lifetime ( ~ 12 years), so that emissions reductions will have a rapid impact on climate forcing. In megacities such as Los Angeles (LA), natural gas (NG) leakage is the primary atmospheric methane source. The magnitudes and trends of fugitive NG emissions are largely unknown and need to be quantified to verify compliance with emission reduction targets. Here we use atmospheric remote sensing data to show that, in contrast to the observed global increase in methane emissions, LA area emissions decreased during 2011-2020 at a mean rate of (-1.57 ± 0.41) %/yr. However, the NG utility calculations indicate a much larger negative emissions trend of -5.8 %/yr. The large difference between top-down and bottom-up trends reflects the uncertainties in estimating the achieved emissions reductions. Actions taken in LA can be a blueprint for COP28 and future efforts to reduce methane emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Cheng Zeng
- Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - Thomas Pongetti
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Sally Newman
- Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Planning and Climate Protection Division, Bay Area Air Quality Management District, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Oda
- Earth from Space Institute, Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kevin Gurney
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yuk L Yung
- Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Stanley P Sander
- Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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3
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Yao F, Palmer PI. Source Sector Mitigation of Solar Energy Generation Losses Attributable to Particulate Matter Pollution. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:8619-8628. [PMID: 35649256 PMCID: PMC9228073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere and deposited on solar photovoltaic (PV) panels reduce PV energy generation. Reducing anthropogenic PM sources will therefore increase carbon-free energy generation and as a cobenefit will improve surface air quality. However, we lack a global understanding of the sectors that would be the most effective at achieving the necessary reductions in PM sources. Here we combine well-evaluated models of solar PV performance and atmospheric composition to show that deep cuts in air pollutant emissions from the residential, on-road, and energy sectors are the most effective approaches to mitigate PM-induced PV energy losses over East and South Asia, and the Tibetan Plateau, Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula, and Western Siberia, respectively. Using 2019 PV capacities as a baseline, we find that a 50% reduction in residential emissions would lead to an additional 10.3 TWh yr-1 (US$878 million yr-1) and 2.5 TWh yr-1 (US$196 million yr-1) produced in China and India, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yao
- School
of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, U.K.
| | - Paul I. Palmer
- School
of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, U.K.
- National
Centre for Earth Observation, University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, U.K.
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4
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Palmer PI, Feng L, Lunt MF, Parker RJ, Bösch H, Lan X, Lorente A, Borsdorff T. Correction to 'The added value of satellite observations of methane for understanding the contemporary methane budget'. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2022; 380:20210421. [PMID: 35034498 PMCID: PMC8763034 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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5
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Wang J, Feng L, Palmer PI, Liu Y, Fang S, Bösch H, O'Dell CW, Tang X, Yang D, Liu L, Xia C. Reply to: On the role of atmospheric model transport uncertainty in estimating the Chinese land carbon sink. Nature 2022; 603:E15-E16. [PMID: 35296851 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Carbon Neutrality Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liang Feng
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul I Palmer
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Yi Liu
- Carbon Neutrality Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuangxi Fang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China. .,Meteorological Observation Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China.
| | - Hartmut Bösch
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher W O'Dell
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxu Yang
- Carbon Neutrality Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Meteorological Observation Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - ChaoZong Xia
- Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, China
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6
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Palmer PI, Marvin MR, Siddans R, Kerridge BJ, Moore DP. Nocturnal survival of isoprene linked to formation of upper tropospheric organic aerosol. Science 2022; 375:562-566. [PMID: 35113698 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg4506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Isoprene is emitted mainly by terrestrial vegetation and is the dominant volatile organic compound (VOC) in Earth's atmosphere. It plays key roles in determining the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere and the formation of organic aerosol. Daytime infrared satellite observations of isoprene reported here broadly agree with emission inventories, but we found substantial differences in the locations and magnitudes of isoprene hotspots, consistent with a recent study. The corresponding nighttime infrared observations reveal unexpected hotspots over tropical South America, the Congo basin, and Southeast Asia. We used an atmospheric chemistry model to link these nighttime isoprene measurements to low-NOx regions with high biogenic VOC emissions; at sunrise the remaining isoprene can lead to the production of epoxydiols and subsequently to the widespread seasonal production of organic aerosol in the tropical upper troposphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I Palmer
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Margaret R Marvin
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard Siddans
- National Centre for Earth Observation, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK.,Remote Sensing Group, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK
| | - Brian J Kerridge
- National Centre for Earth Observation, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK.,Remote Sensing Group, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK
| | - David P Moore
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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7
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Nisbet EG, Allen G, Fisher RE, France JL, Lee JD, Lowry D, Andrade MF, Bannan TJ, Barker P, Bateson P, Bauguitte SJB, Bower KN, Broderick TJ, Chibesakunda F, Cain M, Cozens AE, Daly MC, Ganesan AL, Jones AE, Lambakasa M, Lunt MF, Mehra A, Moreno I, Pasternak D, Palmer PI, Percival CJ, Pitt JR, Riddle AJ, Rigby M, Shaw JT, Stell AC, Vaughan AR, Warwick NJ, E. Wilde S. Isotopic signatures of methane emissions from tropical fires, agriculture and wetlands: the MOYA and ZWAMPS flights. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2022; 380:20210112. [PMID: 34865533 PMCID: PMC8646140 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report methane isotopologue data from aircraft and ground measurements in Africa and South America. Aircraft campaigns sampled strong methane fluxes over tropical papyrus wetlands in the Nile, Congo and Zambezi basins, herbaceous wetlands in Bolivian southern Amazonia, and over fires in African woodland, cropland and savannah grassland. Measured methane δ13CCH4 isotopic signatures were in the range -55 to -49‰ for emissions from equatorial Nile wetlands and agricultural areas, but widely -60 ± 1‰ from Upper Congo and Zambezi wetlands. Very similar δ13CCH4 signatures were measured over the Amazonian wetlands of NE Bolivia (around -59‰) and the overall δ13CCH4 signature from outer tropical wetlands in the southern Upper Congo and Upper Amazon drainage plotted together was -59 ± 2‰. These results were more negative than expected. For African cattle, δ13CCH4 values were around -60 to -50‰. Isotopic ratios in methane emitted by tropical fires depended on the C3 : C4 ratio of the biomass fuel. In smoke from tropical C3 dry forest fires in Senegal, δ13CCH4 values were around -28‰. By contrast, African C4 tropical grass fire δ13CCH4 values were -16 to -12‰. Methane from urban landfills in Zambia and Zimbabwe, which have frequent waste fires, had δ13CCH4 around -37 to -36‰. These new isotopic values help improve isotopic constraints on global methane budget models because atmospheric δ13CCH4 values predicted by global atmospheric models are highly sensitive to the δ13CCH4 isotopic signatures applied to tropical wetland emissions. Field and aircraft campaigns also observed widespread regional smoke pollution over Africa, in both the wet and dry seasons, and large urban pollution plumes. The work highlights the need to understand tropical greenhouse gas emissions in order to meet the goals of the UNFCCC Paris Agreement, and to help reduce air pollution over wide regions of Africa. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (part 2)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- MOYA/ZWAMPS Team
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Euan G. Nisbet
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Grant Allen
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Rebecca E. Fisher
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - James L. France
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - James D. Lee
- National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - David Lowry
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Marcos F. Andrade
- Laboratory for Atmospheric Physics, Institute for Physics Research, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés-UMSA, Campus Universitario, Cota-Cota Calle No 27, La Paz, Bolivia
- Department Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Thomas J. Bannan
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Patrick Barker
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Prudence Bateson
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Stéphane J.-B. Bauguitte
- Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurement, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Keith N. Bower
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Francis Chibesakunda
- Geological Survey of Zambia, Ministry of Mines and Mineral Development, PO Box 50135, Ridgeway, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Michelle Cain
- Centre for Environment and Agricultural Informatics, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Alice E. Cozens
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Michael C. Daly
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK
| | - Anita L. Ganesan
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK
| | - Anna E. Jones
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Musa Lambakasa
- Geological Survey of Zambia, Ministry of Mines and Mineral Development, PO Box 50135, Ridgeway, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mark F. Lunt
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Archit Mehra
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Now at Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - Isabel Moreno
- Laboratory for Atmospheric Physics, Institute for Physics Research, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés-UMSA, Campus Universitario, Cota-Cota Calle No 27, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Dominika Pasternak
- National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Paul I. Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Carl J. Percival
- Now at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - Joseph R. Pitt
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Amber J. Riddle
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Matthew Rigby
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jacob T. Shaw
- Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Angharad C. Stell
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK
| | - Adam R. Vaughan
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Nicola J. Warwick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Shona E. Wilde
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
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8
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Helfter C, Gondwe M, Murray-Hudson M, Makati A, Lunt MF, Palmer PI, Skiba U. Phenology is the dominant control of methane emissions in a tropical non-forested wetland. Nat Commun 2022; 13:133. [PMID: 35013304 PMCID: PMC8748800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical wetlands are a significant source of atmospheric methane (CH4), but their importance to the global CH4 budget is uncertain due to a paucity of direct observations. Net wetland emissions result from complex interactions and co-variation between microbial production and oxidation in the soil, and transport to the atmosphere. Here we show that phenology is the overarching control of net CH4 emissions to the atmosphere from a permanent, vegetated tropical swamp in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, and we find that vegetative processes modulate net CH4 emissions at sub-daily to inter-annual timescales. Without considering the role played by papyrus on regulating the efflux of CH4 to the atmosphere, the annual budget for the entire Okavango Delta, would be under- or over-estimated by a factor of two. Our measurements demonstrate the importance of including vegetative processes such as phenological cycles into wetlands emission budgets of CH4. Tropical wetlands are a significant but understudied source of methane. Here, methane emissions were measured over three years in a perennial tropical swamp in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, finding phenology was the overarching control of emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Helfter
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK.
| | - Mangaliso Gondwe
- Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana, Maun, Botswana
| | | | - Anastacia Makati
- Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana, Maun, Botswana
| | - Mark F Lunt
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ute Skiba
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
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9
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Palmer PI, Feng L, Lunt MF, Parker RJ, Bösch H, Lan X, Lorente A, Borsdorff T. The added value of satellite observations of methane forunderstanding the contemporary methane budget. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20210106. [PMID: 34565220 PMCID: PMC8554821 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface observations have recorded large and incompletely understood changes to atmospheric methane (CH4) this century. However, their ability to reveal the responsible surface sources and sinks is limited by their geographical distribution, which is biased towards the northern midlatitudes. Data from Earth-orbiting satellites designed specifically to measure atmospheric CH4 have been available since 2009 with the launch of the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT). We assess the added value of GOSAT to data collected by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), which have been the lynchpin for knowledge about atmospheric CH4 since the 1980s. To achieve that we use the GEOS-Chem atmospheric chemistry transport model and an inverse method to infer a posteriori flux estimates from the NOAA and GOSAT data using common a priori emission inventories. We find the main benefit of GOSAT data is from its additional coverage over the tropics where we report large increases since the 2014/2016 El Niño, driven by biomass burning, biogenic emissions and energy production. We use data from the European TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument to show how better spatial coverage and resolution measurements allow us to quantify previously unattainable diffuse sources of CH4, thereby opening up a new research frontier. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I. Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liang Feng
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark F. Lunt
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert J. Parker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Hartmut Bösch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Xin Lan
- NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Alba Lorente
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Borsdorff
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Wang J, Feng L, Palmer PI, Liu Y, Fang S, Bösch H, O'Dell CW, Tang X, Yang D, Liu L, Xia C. Publisher Correction: Large Chinese land carbon sink estimated from atmospheric carbon dioxide data. Nature 2020; 588:E19. [PMID: 33230335 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liang Feng
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul I Palmer
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuangxi Fang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China. .,Meteorological Observation Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China.
| | - Hartmut Bösch
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Xiaoping Tang
- Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxu Yang
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Meteorological Observation Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - ChaoZong Xia
- Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, China
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Wang J, Feng L, Palmer PI, Liu Y, Fang S, Bösch H, O’Dell CW, Tang X, Yang D, Liu L, Xia C. Large Chinese land carbon sink estimated from atmospheric carbon dioxide data. Nature 2020; 586:720-723. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jiang Z, Jolleys MD, Fu TM, Palmer PI, Ma Y, Tian H, Li J, Yang X. Spatiotemporal and probability variations of surface PM 2.5 over China between 2013 and 2019 and the associated changes in health risks: An integrative observation and model analysis. Sci Total Environ 2020; 723:137896. [PMID: 32208211 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We used statistical methods and the GEOS-Chem model to interpret the observed spatiotemporal and probability variations of surface PM2.5 concentrations in China from December 2013 to November 2019, as well as to assess the drivers for the variations and the implications for health risks associated with long-term and short-term exposure to PM2.5. Annual and seasonal PM2.5 concentrations have decreased over most areas in China during the 6-year period. We decomposed the observed day-to-day variation of PM2.5 concentrations in eastern Chinese cities and found that it showed two distinct major spatial modes, which fluctuated in strength seasonally. The first mode, characterized by most of Eastern China being in the same phase, was mainly associated with the regional ventilation of pollutants. The second mode showed a dipolar pattern between the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area and the Yangtze River Delta area and was more prominent in summer. Using model simulations, we showed that this dipole mode was chemically driven by the secondary formation of sulfate in summer. We further used a gamma distribution to succinctly interpret the changes in the probability distributions of PM2.5. We found that the nationwide decline in seasonal mean PM2.5 concentrations mainly reflected decreased occurrences of extremely high PM2.5 concentrations, which was strongly driven by the interannual variation of meteorology. These changes in the annual means and probability distributions of PM2.5 since December 2013 has led to significant decline of the estimated mortality risks associated with long-term and short-term PM2.5-exposures. Regions that were less polluted saw the largest relative benefit per unit decrease in PM2.5 concentration, due to the steepness of the exposure-response curve at the low-concentration end. Our integrated methodology effectively diagnosed the drivers of PM2.5 variability and the associated health risks and can be used as part of the decision tool for PM2.5 pollution management over China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjing Jiang
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Tzung-May Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China; Shenzhen Institute of Sustainable Development, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Yaping Ma
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Tian
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China; Shenzhen Institute of Sustainable Development, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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Palmer PI, Feng L, Baker D, Chevallier F, Bösch H, Somkuti P. Net carbon emissions from African biosphere dominate pan-tropical atmospheric CO 2 signal. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3344. [PMID: 31409792 PMCID: PMC6692308 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical ecosystems are large carbon stores that are vulnerable to climate change. The sparseness of ground-based measurements has precluded verification of these ecosystems being a net annual source (+ve) or sink (−ve) of atmospheric carbon. We show that two independent satellite data sets of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), interpreted using independent models, are consistent with the land tropics being a net annual carbon emission of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$1.03_{ - 0.20}^{ + 1.73}$$\end{document}1.03-0.20+1.73 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$1.60_{ + 1.39}^{ + 2.11}$$\end{document}1.60+1.39+2.11 petagrams (PgC) in 2015 and 2016, respectively. These pan-tropical estimates reflect unexpectedly large net emissions from tropical Africa of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$1.48_{ + 0.80}^{ + 1.95}$$\end{document}1.48+0.80+1.95 PgC in 2015 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$1.65_{ + 1.14}^{ + 2.42}$$\end{document}1.65+1.14+2.42 PgC in 2016. The largest carbon uptake is over the Congo basin, and the two loci of carbon emissions are over western Ethiopia and western tropical Africa, where there are large soil organic carbon stores and where there has been substantial land use change. These signals are present in the space-borne CO2 record from 2009 onwards. Tropical land ecosystems contain vast carbon reservoirs, but their influence on atmospheric CO2 is poorly understood. Here the authors use new carbon-observing satellites to reveal a large emission source over northern tropical Africa, where there are large soil carbon stores and substantial land use changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK. .,National Centre for Earth Observation at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK.
| | - Liang Feng
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK.,National Centre for Earth Observation at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - David Baker
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80523-1375, Colorado, USA
| | - Frédéric Chevallier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hartmut Bösch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.,National Centre for Earth Observation at the University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Peter Somkuti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.,National Centre for Earth Observation at the University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
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Schuh AE, Jacobson AR, Basu S, Weir B, Baker D, Bowman K, Chevallier F, Crowell S, Davis KJ, Deng F, Denning S, Feng L, Jones D, Liu J, Palmer PI. Quantifying the Impact of Atmospheric Transport Uncertainty on CO 2 Surface Flux Estimates. Global Biogeochem Cycles 2019; 33:484-500. [PMID: 31244506 PMCID: PMC6582606 DOI: 10.1029/2018gb006086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We show that transport differences between two commonly used global chemical transport models, GEOS-Chem and TM5, lead to systematic space-time differences in modeled distributions of carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride. The distribution of differences suggests inconsistencies between the transport simulated by the models, most likely due to the representation of vertical motion. We further demonstrate that these transport differences result in systematic differences in surface CO2 flux estimated by a collection of global atmospheric inverse models using TM5 and GEOS-Chem and constrained by in situ and satellite observations. While the impact on inferred surface fluxes is most easily illustrated in the magnitude of the seasonal cycle of surface CO2 exchange, it is the annual carbon budgets that are particularly relevant for carbon cycle science and policy. We show that inverse model flux estimates for large zonal bands can have systematic biases of up to 1.7 PgC/year due to large-scale transport uncertainty. These uncertainties will propagate directly into analysis of the annual meridional CO2 flux gradient between the tropics and northern midlatitudes, a key metric for understanding the location, and more importantly the processes, responsible for the annual global carbon sink. The research suggests that variability among transport models remains the largest source of uncertainty across global flux inversion systems and highlights the importance both of using model ensembles and of using independent constraints to evaluate simulated transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E. Schuh
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the AtmosphereColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - Andrew R. Jacobson
- University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA Earth System Research LaboratoryBoulderCOUSA
| | - Sourish Basu
- University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA Earth System Research LaboratoryBoulderCOUSA
| | - Brad Weir
- Global Modeling and Assimilation OfficeNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | - David Baker
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the AtmosphereColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - Kevin Bowman
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Frédéric Chevallier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA‐CNRS‐UVSQ, L'Orme des Merisiers, GifsurYvetteParisFrance
| | - Sean Crowell
- School of MeteorologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - Kenneth J. Davis
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric SciencePennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | - Feng Deng
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Scott Denning
- Department of Atmospheric SciencesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - Liang Feng
- School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationEdinburghUK
| | - Dylan Jones
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Junjie Liu
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Paul I. Palmer
- School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationEdinburghUK
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Palmer PI. The role of satellite observations in understanding the impact of El Niño on the carbon cycle: current capabilities and future opportunities. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2017.0407. [PMID: 30297472 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2015/2016 El Niño was the first major climate variation when there were a range of satellite observations that simultaneously observed land, ocean and atmospheric properties associated with the carbon cycle. These data are beginning to provide new insights into the varied responses of land ecosystems to El Niño, but we are far from fully exploiting the information embodied by these data. Here, we briefly review the atmospheric and terrestrial satellite data that are available to study the carbon cycle. We also outline recommendations for future research, particularly the closer integration of satellite data with forest biometric datasets that provide detailed information about carbon dynamics on a range of timescales.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'The impact of the 2015/2016 El Niño on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I Palmer
- National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
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Zoogman P, Liu X, Suleiman RM, Pennington WF, Flittner DE, Al-Saadi JA, Hilton BB, Nicks DK, Newchurch MJ, Carr JL, Janz SJ, Andraschko MR, Arola A, Baker BD, Canova BP, Chan Miller C, Cohen RC, Davis JE, Dussault ME, Edwards DP, Fishman J, Ghulam A, González Abad G, Grutter M, Herman JR, Houck J, Jacob DJ, Joiner J, Kerridge BJ, Kim J, Krotkov NA, Lamsal L, Li C, Lindfors A, Martin RV, McElroy CT, McLinden C, Natraj V, Neil DO, Nowlan CR, O'Sullivan EJ, Palmer PI, Pierce RB, Pippin MR, Saiz-Lopez A, Spurr RJD, Szykman JJ, Torres O, Veefkind JP, Veihelmann B, Wang H, Wang J, Chance K. Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO). J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transf 2017; 186:17-39. [PMID: 32817995 PMCID: PMC7430511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
TEMPO was selected in 2012 by NASA as the first Earth Venture Instrument, for launch between 2018 and 2021. It will measure atmospheric pollution for greater North America from space using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy. TEMPO observes from Mexico City, Cuba, and the Bahamas to the Canadian oil sands, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hourly and at high spatial resolution (~2.1 km N/S×4.4 km E/W at 36.5°N, 100°W). TEMPO provides a tropospheric measurement suite that includes the key elements of tropospheric air pollution chemistry, as well as contributing to carbon cycle knowledge. Measurements are made hourly from geostationary (GEO) orbit, to capture the high variability present in the diurnal cycle of emissions and chemistry that are unobservable from current low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites that measure once per day. The small product spatial footprint resolves pollution sources at sub-urban scale. Together, this temporal and spatial resolution improves emission inventories, monitors population exposure, and enables effective emission-control strategies. TEMPO takes advantage of a commercial GEO host spacecraft to provide a modest cost mission that measures the spectra required to retrieve ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), formaldehyde (H2CO), glyoxal (C2H2O2), bromine monoxide (BrO), IO (iodine monoxide),water vapor, aerosols, cloud parameters, ultraviolet radiation, and foliage properties. TEMPO thus measures the major elements, directly or by proxy, in the tropospheric O3 chemistry cycle. Multi-spectral observations provide sensitivity to O3 in the lowermost troposphere, substantially reducing uncertainty in air quality predictions. TEMPO quantifies and tracks the evolution of aerosol loading. It provides these near-real-time air quality products that will be made publicly available. TEMPO will launch at a prime time to be the North American component of the global geostationary constellation of pollution monitoring together with the European Sentinel-4 (S4) and Korean Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zoogman
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | - X Liu
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S J Janz
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| | | | - A Arola
- Finnish Meteorological Institute
| | | | | | | | - R C Cohen
- University of California at Berkeley
| | - J E Davis
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M Grutter
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - J R Herman
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County
| | - J Houck
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | - J Joiner
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| | | | | | | | - L Lamsal
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
- GESTAR, University Space Research Association
| | - C Li
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County
| | | | - R V Martin
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
- Dalhousie University
| | | | | | | | | | - C R Nowlan
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | | | - R B Pierce
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| | | | - A Saiz-Lopez
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Spain
| | | | | | - O Torres
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| | | | | | - H Wang
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | - K Chance
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Houweling S, Badawy B, Baker DF, Basu S, Belikov D, Bergamaschi P, Bousquet P, Broquet G, Butler T, Canadell JG, Chen J, Chevallier F, Ciais P, Collatz GJ, Denning S, Engelen R, Enting IG, Fischer ML, Fraser A, Gerbig C, Gloor M, Jacobson AR, Jones DBA, Heimann M, Khalil A, Kaminski T, Kasibhatla PS, Krakauer NY, Krol M, Maki T, Maksyutov S, Manning A, Meesters A, Miller JB, Palmer PI, Patra P, Peters W, Peylin P, Poussi Z, Prather MJ, Randerson JT, Röckmann T, Rödenbeck C, Sarmiento JL, Schimel DS, Scholze M, Schuh A, Suntharalingam P, Takahashi T, Turnbull J, Yurganov L, Vermeulen A. Iconic CO
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Time Series at Risk. Science 2012; 337:1038-40. [DOI: 10.1126/science.337.6098.1038-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sander Houweling
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 3584 CA, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bakr Badawy
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - David F. Baker
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523–1375, USA
| | - Sourish Basu
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 3584 CA, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Belikov
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | | | - Philippe Bousquet
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gregoire Broquet
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tim Butler
- Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, 14467, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Josep G. Canadell
- Global Carbon Project, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jing Chen
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Frederic Chevallier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Scott Denning
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523–1375, USA
| | - Richard Engelen
- European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
| | - Ian G. Enting
- ARC Centre of Excellence in the Mathematics and Statistics of Complex Systems, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marc L. Fischer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Washington, DC 20024, USA
| | | | | | - Manuel Gloor
- Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andrew R. Jacobson
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | | | - Martin Heimann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Aslam Khalil
- Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, USA
| | | | | | - Nir Y. Krakauer
- Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Maarten Krol
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 3584 CA, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
- Meteorology and Air Quality, Wageningen University and Research Center, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Takashi Maki
- Environmental and Applied Meteorology Research Department, Meteorol ogical Research Institute, Tskuba, Japan
| | - Shamil Maksyutov
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Andrew Manning
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - John B. Miller
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | | | - Prabir Patra
- Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan
| | - Wouter Peters
- Meteorology and Air Quality, Wageningen University and Research Center, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Peylin
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte CEA, UVSQ, CNRS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Röckmann
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Schuh
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523–1375, USA
| | | | - Taro Takahashi
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964–8000, USA
| | | | - Leonid Yurganov
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Alex Vermeulen
- Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland, 1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands
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Pyle JA, Warwick NJ, Harris NRP, Abas MR, Archibald AT, Ashfold MJ, Ashworth K, Barkley MP, Carver GD, Chance K, Dorsey JR, Fowler D, Gonzi S, Gostlow B, Hewitt CN, Kurosu TP, Lee JD, Langford SB, Mills G, Moller S, MacKenzie AR, Manning AJ, Misztal P, Nadzir MSM, Nemitz E, Newton HM, O'Brien LM, Ong S, Oram D, Palmer PI, Peng LK, Phang SM, Pike R, Pugh TAM, Rahman NA, Robinson AD, Sentian J, Samah AA, Skiba U, Ung HE, Yong SE, Young PJ. The impact of local surface changes in Borneo on atmospheric composition at wider spatial scales: coastal processes, land-use change and air quality. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2012; 366:3210-24. [PMID: 22006963 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We present results from the OP3 campaign in Sabah during 2008 that allow us to study the impact of local emission changes over Borneo on atmospheric composition at the regional and wider scale. OP3 constituent data provide an important constraint on model performance. Treatment of boundary layer processes is highlighted as an important area of model uncertainty. Model studies of land-use change confirm earlier work, indicating that further changes to intensive oil palm agriculture in South East Asia, and the tropics in general, could have important impacts on air quality, with the biggest factor being the concomitant changes in NO(x) emissions. With the model scenarios used here, local increases in ozone of around 50 per cent could occur. We also report measurements of short-lived brominated compounds around Sabah suggesting that oceanic (and, especially, coastal) emission sources dominate locally. The concentration of bromine in short-lived halocarbons measured at the surface during OP3 amounted to about 7 ppt, setting an upper limit on the amount of these species that can reach the lower stratosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Pyle
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, NCAS, UK.
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Fraser A, Miller CC, Palmer PI, Deutscher NM, Jones NB, Griffith DWT. The Australian methane budget: Interpreting surface and train-borne measurements using a chemistry transport model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd015964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Barkley MP, Palmer PI, Ganzeveld L, Arneth A, Hagberg D, Karl T, Guenther A, Paulot F, Wennberg PO, Mao J, Kurosu TP, Chance K, Müller JF, De Smedt I, Van Roozendael M, Chen D, Wang Y, Yantosca RM. Can a “state of the art” chemistry transport model simulate Amazonian tropospheric chemistry? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd015893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bulgin CE, Palmer PI, Merchant CJ, Siddans R, Gonzi S, Poulsen CA, Thomas GE, Sayer AM, Carboni E, Grainger RG, Highwood EJ, Ryder CL. Quantifying the response of the ORAC aerosol optical depth retrieval for MSG SEVIRI to aerosol model assumptions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bloom AA, Lee-Taylor J, Madronich S, Messenger DJ, Palmer PI, Reay DS, McLeod AR. Global methane emission estimates from ultraviolet irradiation of terrestrial plant foliage. New Phytol 2010; 187:417-425. [PMID: 20456057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03259.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
*Several studies have reported in situ methane (CH(4)) emissions from vegetation foliage, but there remains considerable debate about its significance as a global source. Here, we report a study that evaluates the role of ultraviolet (UV) radiation-driven CH(4) emissions from foliar pectin as a global CH(4) source. *We combine a relationship for spectrally weighted CH(4) production from pectin with a global UV irradiation climatology model, satellite-derived leaf area index (LAI) and air temperature data to estimate the potential global CH(4) emissions from vegetation foliage. *Our results suggest that global foliar CH(4) emissions from UV-irradiated pectin could account for 0.2-1.0 Tg yr(-1), of which 60% is from tropical latitudes, corresponding to < 0.2% of total CH(4) sources. *Our estimate is one to two orders of magnitude lower than previous estimates of global foliar CH(4) emissions. Recent studies have reported that pectin is not the only molecular source of UV-driven CH(4) emissions and that other environmental stresses may also generate CH(4). Consequently, further evaluation of such mechanisms of CH(4) generation is needed to confirm the contribution of foliage to the global CH(4) budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Anthony Bloom
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK
| | - Julia Lee-Taylor
- National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Atmospheric Chemistry Division, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Sasha Madronich
- National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Atmospheric Chemistry Division, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - David J Messenger
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Daniel Rutherford Building, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, UK
| | - Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK
| | - David S Reay
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK
| | - Andy R McLeod
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK
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Bloom AA, Palmer PI, Fraser A, Reay DS, Frankenberg C. Large-scale controls of methanogenesis inferred from methane and gravity spaceborne data. Science 2010; 327:322-5. [PMID: 20075250 DOI: 10.1126/science.1175176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Wetlands are the largest individual source of methane (CH4), but the magnitude and distribution of this source are poorly understood on continental scales. We isolated the wetland and rice paddy contributions to spaceborne CH4 measurements over 2003-2005 using satellite observations of gravity anomalies, a proxy for water-table depth Gamma, and surface temperature analyses TS. We find that tropical and higher-latitude CH4 variations are largely described by Gamma and TS variations, respectively. Our work suggests that tropical wetlands contribute 52 to 58% of global emissions, with the remainder coming from the extra-tropics, 2% of which is from Arctic latitudes. We estimate a 7% rise in wetland CH4 emissions over 2003-2007, due to warming of mid-latitude and Arctic wetland regions, which we find is consistent with recent changes in atmospheric CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Anthony Bloom
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Palmer PI. Quantifying sources and sinks of trace gases using space-borne measurements: current and future science. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2008; 366:4509-4528. [PMID: 18852092 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2008.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have been observing the Earth's upper atmosphere from space for several decades, but only over the past decade has the necessary technology begun to match our desire to observe surface air pollutants and climate-relevant trace gases in the lower troposphere, where we live and breathe. A new generation of Earth-observing satellites, capable of probing the lower troposphere, are already orbiting hundreds of kilometres above the Earth's surface with several more ready for launch or in the planning stages. Consequently, this is one of the most exciting times for the Earth system scientists who study the countless current-day physical, chemical and biological interactions between the Earth's land, ocean and atmosphere. First, I briefly review the theory behind measuring the atmosphere from space, and how these data can be used to infer surface sources and sinks of trace gases. I then present some of the science highlights associated with these data and how they can be used to improve fundamental understanding of the Earth's climate system. I conclude the paper by discussing the future role of satellite measurements of tropospheric trace gases in mitigating surface air pollution and carbon trading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK.
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Barkley MP, Palmer PI, Kuhn U, Kesselmeier J, Chance K, Kurosu TP, Martin RV, Helmig D, Guenther A. Net ecosystem fluxes of isoprene over tropical South America inferred from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) observations of HCHO columns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd009863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wang JS, McElroy MB, Logan JA, Palmer PI, Chameides WL, Wang Y, Megretskaia IA. A quantitative assessment of uncertainties affecting estimates of global mean OH derived from methyl chloroform observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Palmer PI, Barkley MP, Kurosu TP, Lewis AC, Saxton JE, Chance K, Gatti LV. Interpreting satellite column observations of formaldehyde over tropical South America. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2007; 365:1741-51. [PMID: 17513262 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2007.2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Space-borne column measurements of formaldehyde (HCHO), a high-yield oxidation product of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), represent important constraints for quantifying net regional fluxes of VOCs. Here, we interpret observed distributions of HCHO columns from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) over tropical South America during 1997-2001. We present the first comparison of year-long in situ isoprene concentrations and fire-free GOME HCHO columns over a tropical ecosystem. GOME HCHO columns and in situ isoprene concentrations are elevated in the wet and dry seasons, with the highest values in the dry season. Previous analysis of the in situ data highlighted the possible role of drought in determining the elevated concentrations during the dry season, inferring the potential of HCHO columns to provide regional-scale constraints for estimating the role of drought on isoprene emissions. The agreement between the observed annual cycles of GOME HCHO columns and Along-Track Scanning Radiometer firecount data over the Amazon basin (correlations typically greater than 0.75 for a particular year) illustrates the potential of HCHO column to provide quantitative information about biomass burning emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I Palmer
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Fu TM, Jacob DJ, Palmer PI, Chance K, Wang YX, Barletta B, Blake DR, Stanton JC, Pilling MJ. Space-based formaldehyde measurements as constraints on volatile organic compound emissions in east and south Asia and implications for ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Liu X, Chance K, Sioris CE, Kurosu TP, Spurr RJD, Martin RV, Fu TM, Logan JA, Jacob DJ, Palmer PI, Newchurch MJ, Megretskaia IA, Chatfield RB. Correction to “First directly retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from GOME: Comparison with the GEOS-CHEM model”. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liu X, Chance K, Sioris CE, Kurosu TP, Spurr RJD, Martin RV, Fu TM, Logan JA, Jacob DJ, Palmer PI, Newchurch MJ, Megretskaia IA, Chatfield RB. First directly retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from GOME: Comparison with the GEOS-CHEM model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Palmer PI, Abbot DS, Fu TM, Jacob DJ, Chance K, Kurosu TP, Guenther A, Wiedinmyer C, Stanton JC, Pilling MJ, Pressley SN, Lamb B, Sumner AL. Quantifying the seasonal and interannual variability of North American isoprene emissions using satellite observations of the formaldehyde column. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Palmer PI, Suntharalingam P, Jones DBA, Jacob DJ, Streets DG, Fu Q, Vay SA, Sachse GW. Using CO2:CO correlations to improve inverse analyses of carbon fluxes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Liu X, Sioris CE, Chance K, Kurosu TP, Newchurch MJ, Martin RV, Palmer PI. Mapping tropospheric ozone profiles from an airborne ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. Appl Opt 2005; 44:3312-9. [PMID: 15943268 DOI: 10.1364/ao.44.003312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel technique for retrieving ozone (O3) profiles and especially tropospheric O3 from airborne UV/visible spectrometer measurements. This technique utilizes radiance spectra from one down-looking and two up-looking (85 degrees and 75 degrees) directions, taking advantage of the O3 absorption structure in the Huggins (300-340-nm) and Chappuis (530-650-nm) bands. This technique is especially sensitive to tropospheric O3 below and < or =8 km above the aircraft with a vertical resolution of 2-6 km and is sensitive to lower and middle stratospheric O3 with a vertical resolution of 8-15 km. It can measure tropospheric O3 at spatial resolutions of 2 km x 2 km or higher and is therefore well suited for regional air-quality studies and validation of satellite measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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Shim C, Wang Y, Choi Y, Palmer PI, Abbot DS, Chance K. Constraining global isoprene emissions with Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) formaldehyde column measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Heald CL, Jacob DJ, Jones DBA, Palmer PI, Logan JA, Streets DG, Sachse GW, Gille JC, Hoffman RN, Nehrkorn T. Comparative inverse analysis of satellite (MOPITT) and aircraft (TRACE-P) observations to estimate Asian sources of carbon monoxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colette L. Heald
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Dylan B. A. Jones
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Paul I. Palmer
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Jennifer A. Logan
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | | | - John C. Gille
- National Center of Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
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Jones DBA, Bowman KW, Palmer PI, Worden JR, Jacob DJ, Hoffman RN, Bey I, Yantosca RM. Potential of observations from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer to constrain continental sources of carbon monoxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan B. A. Jones
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Kevin W. Bowman
- California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
| | - Paul I. Palmer
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - John R. Worden
- California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Ross N. Hoffman
- Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc.; Lexington Massachusetts USA
| | - Isabelle Bey
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Robert M. Yantosca
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
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Palmer PI, Jacob DJ, Mickley LJ, Blake DR, Sachse GW, Fuelberg HE, Kiley CM. Eastern Asian emissions of anthropogenic halocarbons deduced from aircraft concentration data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul I. Palmer
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Loretta J. Mickley
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Donald R. Blake
- Department of Earth and System Science; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | | | - Henry E. Fuelberg
- Department of Meteorology; Florida State University; Tallahassee Florida USA
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Kiley CM, Fuelberg HE, Palmer PI, Allen DJ, Carmichael GR, Jacob DJ, Mari C, Pierce RB, Pickering KE, Tang Y, Wild O, Fairlie TD, Logan JA, Sachse GW, Shaack TK, Streets DG. An intercomparison and evaluation of aircraft-derived and simulated CO from seven chemical transport models during the TRACE-P experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry E. Fuelberg
- Department of Meteorology; Florida State University; Tallahassee Florida USA
| | - Paul I. Palmer
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Dale J. Allen
- Department of Meteorology; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | - Gregory R. Carmichael
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research and Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Celine Mari
- Laboratorie d'Aerologie; UMR CNRS/Universite Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | | | | | - Youhua Tang
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research and Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Oliver Wild
- Frontier Research System for Global Change; Yokohama Japan
| | - T. Duncan Fairlie
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Jennifer A. Logan
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Todd K. Shaack
- Space Science and Engineering Center; University of Wisconsin; Madison Wisconsin USA
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Palmer PI, Jacob DJ, Jones DBA, Heald CL, Yantosca RM, Logan JA, Sachse GW, Streets DG. Inverting for emissions of carbon monoxide from Asia using aircraft observations over the western Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul I. Palmer
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Dylan B. A. Jones
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Colette L. Heald
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Robert M. Yantosca
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Jennifer A. Logan
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
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Heald CL, Jacob DJ, Palmer PI, Evans MJ, Sachse GW, Singh HB, Blake DR. Biomass burning emission inventory with daily resolution: Application to aircraft observations of Asian outflow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colette L. Heald
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Paul I. Palmer
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Mathew J. Evans
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | | | - Donald R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; Irvine California USA
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Palmer PI, Jacob DJ, Fiore AM, Martin RV, Chance K, Kurosu TP. Mapping isoprene emissions over North America using formaldehyde column observations from space. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul I. Palmer
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Arlene M. Fiore
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Kelly Chance
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Divisions Harvard‐Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Thomas P. Kurosu
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Divisions Harvard‐Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge Massachusetts USA
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Palmer PI, Jacob DJ, Chance K, Martin RV, Spurr RJD, Kurosu TP, Bey I, Yantosca R, Fiore A, Li Q. Air mass factor formulation for spectroscopic measurements from satellites: Application to formaldehyde retrievals from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Palmer PI, Barnett JJ, Eyre JR, Healy SB. A nonlinear optimal estimation inverse method for radio occultation measurements of temperature, humidity, and surface pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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