1
|
Altafim ERP, Castro MC, Rocha HAL, Correia LL, de Aquino CM, Sampaio EGM, Machado MMT. Relationships Between Mental Health, Negative Feelings of COVID-19, and Parenting Among Pregnant Women in Fortaleza, Brazil. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:609-616. [PMID: 37938442 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, the literature highlighted an increased risk of child abuse and the use of negative parenting practices. Furthermore, pregnancy during this time may have been challenging and generated different feelings regarding the pandemic and motherhood. Many pregnant women had other young children, underscoring the need to understand this scenario better. Therefore, the present study examined the predictive effect of indicators of mental health disorders, emotional discomfort with motherhood, and negative perceptions of COVID-19 on negative parenting practices. METHODS The study used a cross-sectional design. Pregnant women (n = 303) who had other children younger than six years answered an online questionnaire during the physical distancing period due to COVID-19 in Fortaleza. A partially latent structural equation model (SEM) was used to test direct and indirect relations between the variables. RESULTS The results revealed a direct positive relation between maternal mental health and the variables COVID-19 feelings, emotional discomfort with motherhood, and negative parenting practices. The stronger relationship was between maternal mental health and emotional discomfort with motherhood. The COVID-19 negative feelings also showed a direct positive relation to emotional discomfort with motherhood. Additionally, older mothers and those with fewer children tended to have less mental health disorders. Furthermore, being in a later trimester of pregnancy was linked to more negative feelings about motherhood. DISCUSSION The study suggests that mothers experiencing mental health challenges are more likely to feel discomfort with motherhood and use negative parenting practices, highlighting a need for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim
- Mental Health Program, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Av. Tenente Catão Roxo, 2650, Ribeirão Preto, 14051-140, SP, Brazil.
- Instituto Para a Valorização da Educação e da Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Santo André, Brazil.
| | - Marcia C Castro
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Luciano Lima Correia
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Camila Machado de Aquino
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Avezum MDMDM, Altafim ERP, Linhares MBM. Spanking and Corporal Punishment Parenting Practices and Child Development: A Systematic Review. Trauma Violence Abuse 2023; 24:3094-3111. [PMID: 36177799 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221124243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Violence against children is a significant problem, particularly during early childhood development. Spanking and other forms of corporal punishment in child-rearing have been used by families worldwide to correct children's unwanted behaviors. Despite previous studies focusing on the negative consequences of these parental practices, open questions remain. The present study aimed to systematically review the empirical studies published in scientific literature that examined the associations between parenting practices of spanking and corporal punishment of mothers and their children's behaviors and development in early childhood. Search was performed in PubMed, APA PsycNet, Web of Science, SciELO, and LILACS databases using the combination of the following keywords: ((spank OR physical punishment OR physical abuse OR physical maltreatment OR corporal punishment) AND (parenting)) AND (child* development OR child* behavior). The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and 34 articles were selected for review. The inclusion criteria were the following: studies that evaluated associations between maternal spanking or corporal punishment practices and behaviors or development of 0-to-6-year-old children; quantitative studies; studies published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese language. The results showed that in 94% of the studies, there were significant associations between maternal spanking and corporal punishment with deteriorated child behavior and development, concurrently or later. In addition, maternal physical practices also acted as mediators or moderator variables in models that explained behavioral and developmental problems in early childhood.
Collapse
|
3
|
Altafim ERP, Magalhães C, Linhares MBM. Prevention of Child Maltreatment: Integrative Review of Findings From an Evidence-Based Parenting Program. Trauma Violence Abuse 2023:15248380231201811. [PMID: 37753719 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231201811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This integrative review of the ACT Raising Safe Kids (ACT)-child maltreatment prevention program for parents-focuses on the program's theoretical framework, examines the ACT studies about the effects on caregivers, and discusses the ACT's implications for the practice and public policy. A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Lilacs databases was performed, along with a search on the ACT Program website and contacting program researchers. Twenty-five studies evaluating the ACT Program were reviewed. The evaluation studies were conducted in the United States, Brazil, Portugal, and Peru. The program improved parenting practices in general and targeted populations such as incarcerated parents, mothers with a history of childhood violence, and mothers of preterm children. Additionally, the program was effective in decreasing child behavioral problems. Overall, the ACT Program effectively decreased hostile, aggressive, and coercive parenting and child behavior problems, which are key predictors of family violence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cátia Magalhães
- Polytechnic University Institute of Viseu, CI&DEI, ISAMB, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Oliveira RC, Altafim ERP, Gaspardo CM, Linhares MBM. Strengthening mother-child interactions among mothers and children with behavior problems at early development. Curr Psychol 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37359573 PMCID: PMC10234235 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effectiveness of a personalized remote video feedback parenting program to improve mother-child interactions and child behavior outcomes among mothers of children with behavior problems in comparison to counterparts with no behavior problems. The sample comprised 60 mothers and their 2-to-6-year-old children, including children with behavior problems (BP = 19) and children without behavior problems (NoBP = 41). The Strengthening Bonds program included one in-person group session and remote personalized video feedback about their mother-child interactions in a play situation via smartphone for six weeks. Mother-child interactions were the primary outcome, and children's behaviors were the secondary outcome. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were performed. The mother-child interactions were recorded during free- and structured-play situations and were then analyzed by the Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO) and the Dynamics of the dyad activity coding system. Additionally, the mothers answered the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The results showed that, in the post-intervention, the mother-child interaction pattern improved in the BP group, especially in the teaching dimension of the PICCOLO. Also, after the program, more children with normal classification were in the BP group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Cristina de Oliveira
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences, and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Prédio da Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Campus Universitário Monte Alegre - USP, Av. Tenente Catão Roxo, 2650, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14048-900 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences negatively impact future violence, victimization, perpetration, health, and lifelong development. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the scientific evidence of empirical studies on the association between maternal childhood adversity in a familial context, including maltreatment, household challenges, and later maternal negative parenting. A search was performed in the PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SciELO, and LILACS databases, using the combination of the following keywords: (neglect OR abuse OR maltreatment OR harsh parenting OR punishment OR discipline OR negative parenting practices) AND (adverse childhood experiences OR early adversity OR cycle of violence OR cycle of maltreatment OR history of maltreatment) AND (mother OR maternal). The results of 29 studies showed predominantly significant direct associations between maternal childhood adversities and negative parenting with their children (83%). Parental stress was also significantly associated with a maternal history of childhood adversities. Focusing on the type of maltreatment practices, there were similar intergenerational transmission types: homotypic and heterotypic. Few studies have examined the protective factors that could buffer the negative impact of a maternal childhood history of adversities on later negative parenting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Regina Lotto
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Branco MSS, Altafim ERP, Linhares MBM. Universal Intervention to Strengthen Parenting and Prevent Child Maltreatment: Updated Systematic Review. Trauma Violence Abuse 2022; 23:1658-1676. [PMID: 33973499 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211013131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Child maltreatment is a severe worldwide public health problem because of its negative consequences and should therefore be prevented through parenting programs to improve parental behavior and practices. The present review aimed to update a published review of 5 years of empirical studies on universal parenting programs to strengthen positive parenting and prevent child maltreatment. A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Lilacs, and SciELO databases was performed to identify the studies of group-based structured parenting programs published from 2015 to 2019. Eighteen studies were found that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that 14 different parenting programs were conducted in high-, medium-, and low-income countries, showing an increase in the number of studies in low-income countries compared with the previous review. In 89% of the studies, the parenting outcomes improved in the post-intervention. Additionally, studies have demonstrated that these programs also improved other parental outcomes such as mental health, couple relationships, coparenting, and coping ability of parents. From 18 studies, nine child variables were evaluated, and eight of them showed a decrease in behavior problems. Regarding the methodological quality of the studies, 55%, 28%, and 17% were classified as moderate, weak, and strong, respectively. In conclusion, the positive changes in parenting and child behavior outcomes encourage the implementation of parenting programs as a universal prevention strategy. Further research should increase the methodological quality of the design study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marília Souza Silva Branco
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lansford JE, Betancourt TS, Boller K, Popp J, Altafim ERP, Attanasio O, Raghavan C. The Future of Parenting Programs: II Implementation. Parent Sci Pract 2022; 22:235-257. [PMID: 36439707 PMCID: PMC9683038 DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2022.2086807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Lansford
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Box 90545, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Munhoz TN, Santos IS, Blumenberg C, Barcelos RS, Bortolotto CC, Matijasevich A, Santos Júnior HG, Santos LMD, Correa LL, Souza MRD, Lira PIC, Altafim ERP, Macana EC, Victora CG. Fatores associados ao desenvolvimento infantil em crianças brasileiras: linha de base da avaliação do impacto do Programa Criança Feliz. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022; 38:e00316920. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00316920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar os fatores socioeconômicos, familiares e individuais associados ao desenvolvimento infantil no primeiro ano de vida, entre famílias em vulnerabilidade social. Trata-se de uma análise transversal, com dados da linha de base de um ensaio randomizado. O estudo incluiu 3.242 crianças < 12 meses de idade, residentes em 30 municípios de cinco regiões do Brasil. A escolha de estados e municípios foi intencional, tendo como base a implementação do Programa Criança Feliz. A amostra foi selecionada a partir de crianças elegíveis para o Programa Criança Feliz, cujo objetivo é promover a estimulação e o desenvolvimento infantil. O Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) foi utilizado para avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil. Um modelo de análise multinível em três níveis (estado, município e indivíduos), usando teste de Wald para heterogeneidade e tendência linear, estimou a média do ASQ-3 e intervalo de 95% de confiança (IC95%). Análises foram ajustadas para potenciais confundidores. Foram analisadas informações de 3.061 (94,4%) crianças com dados disponíveis para ASQ-3. Escores de desenvolvimento infantil (total e em todos os domínios) foram cerca de 12% menores em crianças nascidas pré-termo e com restrição do crescimento intrauterino (pequenas para idade gestacional). Observou-se menores escores em filhos de mães com baixa escolaridade, com sintomas de depressão, com duas ou mais crianças menores de sete anos residindo no domicílio e que não relataram autopercepção de apoio/ajuda durante a gestação. Conclui-se que características potencialmente modificáveis (escolaridade, depressão materna e prematuridade/restrição do crescimento intrauterino) apresentaram maior impacto na redução do escore de desenvolvimento em todos os domínios avaliados.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago N. Munhoz
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Silva JPFD, Castro MC, Aquino CMD, Souza CRBD, Rocha HAL, Correia LL, Altafim ERP, Oliveira FA, Machado MMT. Implicações da covid-19 no cotidiano das famílias nordestinas e no cuidado infantil. Saude soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-12902022210287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resumo Este estudo explora o cotidiano das famílias com filhos de 0 a 6 anos, residentes em Fortaleza, no Ceará, durante o período de distanciamento físico, estipulado pelo Governo do Estado do Ceará. Esta pesquisa qualitativa se utilizou do referencial da teoria de formação de vínculos na adversidade. Foram entrevistadas 30 mães, entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2020, utilizando videochamadas ou telefonemas. Para análise do material empírico, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo de Bardin, possibilitando a criação de duas categorias temáticas: (1) o exercício do cuidado parental em tempos de covid-19; (2) o cotidiano das crianças diante da pandemia. A interpretação das narrativas revelou que alguns cuidadores buscaram realizar brincadeiras e atividades manuais com os filhos, e explicavam o que estava acontecendo no cenário mundial, exercendo a parentalidade positiva. Ademais, o distanciamento físico favoreceu o aumento da tolerância dos pais no tempo em que os filhos ficaram expostos às telas. Percebeu-se que os pais influenciaram a prática de hábitos alimentares não saudáveis entre as crianças e a manifestação de mudanças no comportamento dos filhos. Como conclusão, destaca-se a necessidade de um acompanhamento contínuo dos aspectos referentes ao desenvolvimento dessas crianças e do retorno delas às atividades presenciais.
Collapse
|
10
|
Machado MMT, Rocha HAL, Castro MC, Sampaio EGM, Oliveira FA, Silva JPFD, Aquino CMD, Sousa LDARD, Carvalho FHC, Altafim ERP, Correia LL. COVID-19 and mental health of pregnant women in Ceará, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2021; 55:37. [PMID: 34105605 PMCID: PMC8139842 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the perceptions of pregnant women about COVID-19 and the prevalence of common mental disorders during the implemented social distancing period. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional study using digital media, of pregnant women exposed to social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in Fortaleza, Ceará, Northeastern Brazil. Common mental disorders were estimated using the modified Self-Report Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) scale, and the feelings towards COVID-19 were assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 scale through telephone calls made in May 2020. COX multivariate regression models were used to verify the associations. RESULTS Of the 1,041 pregnant women, 45.7% (95%CI: 42.7–48.8) had common mental disorders (CMD). All items of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale showed a significant association with the prevalence of CMD (p < 0.001). A CMD risk gradient was observed, going from a prevalence ratio of 1.52 (95%CI: 1.13–2.04) in pregnant women with two positive items to 2.70 (95%CI: 2.08–3.51) for those with four positive items. Early gestational age and the lack of prenatal care were also associated with CMD. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of common mental disorders in pregnant women was high during the period of social distancing and was aggravated by negative feelings towards COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hermano Alexandre Lima Rocha
- Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.,Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health. Department of Global Health and Population. Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia C Castro
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health. Department of Global Health and Population. Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Camila Machado de Aquino
- Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Saúde Materno-Infantil. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Luciano Lima Correia
- Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Altafim ERP, McCoy DC, Brentani A, Escobar AMDU, Grisi SJ, Fink G. Measuring early childhood development in Brazil: validation of the Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI). Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
12
|
Altafim ERP, McCoy DC, Brentani A, Escobar AMDU, Grisi SJFE, Fink G. Measuring early childhood development in Brazil: validation of the Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI). J Pediatr (Rio J) 2020; 96:66-75. [PMID: 30102876 PMCID: PMC9432122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to analyze the psychometric properties and general validity of the Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI) short form for the population-level assessment of early childhood development for Brazilian children under age 3. METHOD The study analyzed the acceptability, test-retest reliability, internal consistency and discriminant validity of the CREDI short-form tool. The study also analyzed the concurrent validity of the CREDI with a direct observational measure (Inter-American Development Bank's Regional Project on Child Development Indicators; PRIDI). The full sample includes 1,265 Brazilian caregivers of children from 0 to 35 months (678 of which comprising an in-person sample and 587 an online sample). RESULTS Results from qualitative interviews suggest overall high rates of acceptability. Most of the items showed adequate test-retest reliability, with an average agreement of 84%. Cronbach's alpha suggested adequate internal consistency/inter-item reliability (α>0.80) for the CREDI within each of the six age groups (0-5, 6-11, 12-17, 18-23, 24-29 and 30-35 months of age). Multivariate analyses of construct validity showed that a significant proportion of the variance in CREDI scores could be explained by child gender and family characteristics, most importantly caregiver-reported cognitive stimulation in the home (p<0.0001). Regarding concurrent validity, scores on the CREDI were significantly correlated with overall PRIDI scores within the in-person sample at r=0.46 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that the CREDI short form is a valid, reliable, and acceptable measure of early childhood development for children under the age of 3 years in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim
- Instituto para a Valorização da Educação e da Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo (IVEPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Dana Charles McCoy
- Harvard University, Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, United States
| | - Alexandra Brentani
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina (FM), Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Ulhôa Escobar
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina (FM), Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra J F E Grisi
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina (FM), Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Günther Fink
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Altafim ERP, Linhares MBM. Preventive intervention for strengthening effective parenting practices: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
14
|
|