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Mendez MJ, Hoffman MJ, Cherry E, Weinberg SH. Reconstructing action potential and ionic current dynamics of a mammalian ventricular cell using data assimilation. Biophys J 2023; 122:413a-414a. [PMID: 36784112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Mendez
- Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew J Hoffman
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Cherry
- Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Peter ME, Zuckerman AD, Cherry E, Schlundt DG, Bonnet K, Shah N, Kelley TN. Exploring healthcare providers’ experiences with specialty medication and limited distribution networks. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273040. [PMID: 35969591 PMCID: PMC9377589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated health-system specialty pharmacies (IHSSP) have shown high medication access, adherence, and provider satisfaction. The goal of this study was to explore healthcare providers’ experiences with specialty medications distributed via Limited Distribution Networks (LDN) that do not include IHSSPs. We investigated healthcare providers’ perceived impact of LDNs on clinic workflow, clinical practice, and patient outcomes. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with fourteen healthcare providers from four outpatient specialty clinics at an academic health system with an IHSSP. Qualitative analysis using an iterative inductive/deductive approach of coded transcripts was used to identify themes. Participants discussed requirements and barriers to communicating with insurance providers, drug manufacturers, and external pharmacies; time and effort required to navigate LDNs and impact on workload and clinic workflow; financial awareness of medication costs and methods for communication about financial information with patients; and advocating for patients to ensure access to necessary therapy and avoid missed doses or treatment lapse. Participants reported barriers to navigating LDNs that can interfere with clinic workflow and patient care. IHSSPs may reduce clinic burden by helping patients access, afford, and remain on therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Peter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Autumn D. Zuckerman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Elizabeth Cherry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - David G. Schlundt
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kemberlee Bonnet
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nisha Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Tara N. Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Bhatia NK, Merchant FM, Lloyd MS, El-Chami MF, Iravanian S, Kim TY, Burke M, Uzelac I, Cherry E, Cho HC, Shah AD, Chionuma H, Fenton FH. PO-705-01 ACTION POTENTIAL RESTITUTION CURVES OBTAINED FROM FULL EXPLANTED HUMAN HEARTS. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kim TY, Cherry E, Iravanian S, Uzelac I, Chionuma H, Bhatia NK, Shah AD, Burke M, Merchant FM, Cho HC, Fenton FH. BS-516-02 OPTICAL MAPPING OF EXPLANTED HUMAN HEARTS ENABLES REFINED IONIC MODELS OF ACTION POTENTIAL AND CONDUCTION VELOCITY RESTITUTION CURVES FOR ARRHYTHMIA SIMULATION. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Uzelac I, Kim TY, Iravanian S, Cherry E, Bhatia NK, Chionuma H, Burke M, Merchant FM, Cho HC, Fenton FH. PO-691-07 SIMULTANEOUS OPTICAL MAPPING MEASUREMENTS OF VOLTAGE AND CALCIUM IN WHOLE EXPLANTED HUMAN HEARTS. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mendez MJ, Hoffman MJ, Cherry E, Lemmon CA, Weinberg SH. A data assimilation approach to predict cell population epithelial-mesenchymal transition dynamics. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Borah M, Das D, Gayan A, Fenton F, Cherry E. Control and Anticontrol of chaos in Fractional-order models of Diabetes, HIV, Dengue, Migraine, Parkinson's and Ebola Virus diseases. Chaos Solitons Fractals 2021; 153:111419. [PMID: 35765659 PMCID: PMC9236268 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2021.111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes new fractional-order (FO) models of six chaotic diseases whose fractional dynamics have not been studied so far in literature. Secondly, design and analysis of suitable controllers to control chaos where present, and that of anticontrollers to generate chaos where absent, for these newly proposed FO models of diseases, are put forward. The proposed controllers and anticontrollers address the problem of the health hazards arising from the dysfunctionalities due to the impact of chaos in these biological models. Controllers to supress chaos in four diseases, namely, FO Diabetes Mellitus, FO Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), FO Ebola Virus and FO Dengue models are designed by Back-stepping, Adaptive Feedback and Sliding Mode Control strategies, whereas anticontrollers to introduce chaos in diseases, namely, FO Parkinson's illness and FO Migraine models, are carried out by Linear State Feedback, Single State Sinusoidal Feedback and Sliding Mode Anticontrol strategies. The equilibrium points, eigenvalues and Lyapunov Exponents of the FO disease models are evaluated and indicate the significance of chaos in them and necessitate upon the requirement of controllers and anticontrollers accordingly. The simulation results in terms of bifurcation diagrams, time series plots and phase portraits confirm the successful accomplishment of the control objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manashita Borah
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tezpur University, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Debanita Das
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tezpur University, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Antara Gayan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tezpur University, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Flavio Fenton
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Elizabeth Cherry
- School of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
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Cherry E, Stancliffe RJ, Emerson E, Tichá R. Policy Implications, Eligibility, and Demographic Characteristics of People With Intellectual Disability Who Access Self-Directed Funding in the United States. Intellect Dev Disabil 2021; 59:123-140. [PMID: 33793785 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-59.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study identifies factors (state of residence, personal characteristics, and living situation) associated with access to self-directed funding (SDF) for adults with intellectual disability in the United States. Data from 10,033 participants from 26 states in the 2012-2013 National Core Indicators Adult Consumer Survey were analyzed. We examined state, age group, residence type, disability diagnoses, mental health status, and type of disability support funding used. Availability of SDF for people with ID varied by state and aligned mostly with state-by-state policy data on SDF eligibility and availability. The results of a logistic regression analysis demonstrated that access to SDF was lower in older adults and higher for people who lived in their parents' or relatives' home, an independent home, and with certain personal characteristics. Potential influences from policy and practice, and approaches to increase access to SDF are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Cherry
- Elizabeth Cherry and Roger J. Stancliffe, The University of Sydney, Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, AU
| | - Roger J Stancliffe
- Elizabeth Cherry and Roger J. Stancliffe, The University of Sydney, Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, AU
| | - Eric Emerson
- Eric Emerson, The University of Sydney, Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, AU; and Lancaster University, Centre for Disability Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, UK; and
| | - Renata Tichá
- Renata Tichá, Research and Training Center on Community Living, Institute on Community Integration, University of Minnesota, US
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Kibbons AM, Peter M, DeClercq J, Choi L, Bell J, Jolly J, Cherry E, Alhashemi B, Shah NB, Zuckerman AD. Pharmacist Interventions to Improve Specialty Medication Adherence: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2020; 7:1-11. [PMID: 32983839 PMCID: PMC7503429 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-020-00213-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of specialty medications in complicated clinical conditions depends on adherence to therapy. However, specialty medications pose unique barriers to adherence. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine whether pharmacist interventions improve specialty medication adherence. METHODS This is a single-center, pragmatic, randomized controlled trial ongoing since 10 May 2019 at an integrated health system specialty pharmacy. This study evaluates usual care compared with usual care plus patient-tailored adherence interventions. Study design and procedures were informed by focus groups with patients and specialty pharmacists. Patients at Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy with a proportion of days covered (PDC) < 90% in the previous 4 months are identified by a daily query of the electronic pharmacy database. A pharmacist reviews these patients' electronic health records to identify and exclude ineligible patients. Eligible patients are randomized evenly to the control or intervention arm and stratified by historical clinic nonadherence rates. Patients randomized to the intervention arm undergo a baseline assessment to clarify reasons for nonadherence and subsequently receive patient-tailored interventions based on their specific reasons. Interventions and follow-up are provided at the discretion of the intervening pharmacist. The primary outcome is PDC calculated at 8 months post-enrollment. Enrollment of 438 participants will provide 90% power to detect a 5% difference in PDC between the two arms within each nonadherence risk stratum. DISCUSSION This trial will evaluate the effect of patient-tailored interventions on specialty medication adherence and will inform how often and why patients are misidentified as nonadherent. REGISTRATION The trial was deemed a quality improvement initiative by the Vanderbilt University Institutional Review Board. It was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03709277) on 17 October 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Kibbons
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
| | - Megan Peter
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
| | - Josh DeClercq
- The Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Leena Choi
- The Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Jacob Bell
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
| | - Jacob Jolly
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
- Blue Fin Group, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Elizabeth Cherry
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
| | - Bassel Alhashemi
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
| | - Nisha B. Shah
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
| | - Autumn D. Zuckerman
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 726 Melrose Avenue, Nashville, TN 37211 USA
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Paolella D, Cherry E, Jolly JA, DeClercq J, Choi L, Zuckerman A. Closing the Gap: Identifying Rates and Reasons for Nonadherence in a Specialty Population. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2019; 25:1282-1288. [PMID: 31663457 PMCID: PMC10398139 DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2019.25.11.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to specialty and nonspecialty medications is often calculated using pharmacy claims data. However, specialty medication regimens are complex and may require periods of intentional gaps in therapy. Common adherence calculations are insufficient in identifying reasons for gaps in therapy. Because adherence reporting is a growing measure of quality care for specialty pharmacy accreditation and payer and manufacturer contracts, a better understanding of the rates and reasons for nonadherence within a specialty population is needed. OBJECTIVE To identify rates and reasons for misidentified and true nonadherence in patients who are prescribed specialty medications. METHODS A single center, retrospective cohort study was conducted using pharmacy claims data between March 2017 and February 2018. Medication adherence was calculated using proportion of days covered (PDC). Electronic medical records of a random 10% sample of nonadherent patients (PDC < 80%) were manually reviewed to identify reasons for nonadherence. Patients were then classified as either (a) misidentified as nonadherent (i.e., a provider-directed discontinuation or disruption of treatment that varies from the prescribed administration schedule or transfer of the prescription to an external pharmacy) or (b) truly nonadherent (discontinuation or disruption of treatment that varies from the prescribed administration instruction that is not directed or recommended by the provider or health care team). RESULTS Of the 7,488 included prescription records from 18 specialty areas, 1,059 met criteria for nonadherence. 105 prescription records (representing 105 unique patients) were manually reviewed; most of these patients (58%) were truly nonadherent, driven by inability to contact patients for refills (59%). However, 40% were misidentified as nonadherent, most due to provider-directed medication holding (69%). Two percent of patients were nonadherent for unknown reasons. CONCLUSIONS Many patients classified as nonadherent based on pharmacy claims experienced gaps in therapy due to medically appropriate reasons. Methods to better measure and identify true nonadherence are needed to efficiently and adequately affect specialty medication adherence behavior. DISCLOSURES This study received funding support from CTSA Award No. UL1 TR002243 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Study findings and conclusions are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent official views of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences or the National Institutes of Health. Zuckerman reports research support from Sanofi and Gilead Sciences, unrelated to this study. The other authors have nothing to disclose. A poster based on the data from this study was presented at AMCP Nexus 2018 on October 24, 2018, in Orlando, FL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Cherry
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jacob A. Jolly
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joshua DeClercq
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Leena Choi
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Autumn Zuckerman
- Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Cherry E, Jolly J, Zuckerman AD. Using rates of non-adherence to identify opportunities for intervention in outpatient specialty clinics. J Drug Assess 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21556660.2018.1521044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Cherry E, Lee D, Jung J, Sitcheran R. AI-06 * NON-CANONICAL NF-kB SIGNALING DRIVES THE AGGRESSIVE INVASIVENESS OF GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou238.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Cherry E, Agostinucci J, McLinden J. The effect of cryotherapy and exercise on lateral epicondylitis: a controlled randomised study. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2012. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2012.19.11.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John McLinden
- Physical Therapy Department, University of Rhode Island, US
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Abstract
Justin R. Goodman, Casey A. Borch, and Elizabeth Cherry discuss public attitudes toward animal testing and its growing opposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R. Goodman
- Justin R. Goodman is in the department of sociology and criminal justice at Marymount University and a council member of the ASA section on Animals and Society. He is also Director of Laboratory Investigations at PETA. He studies humans’ complicated relationships with other animals
- Casey A. Borch is in the department of sociology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. He studies the causes and correlates of power inequities under a variety of conditions
- Elizabeth Cherry is in the department of sociology and anthropology at Manhattanville College. She studies veganism and the animal rights movement
| | - Casey A. Borch
- Justin R. Goodman is in the department of sociology and criminal justice at Marymount University and a council member of the ASA section on Animals and Society. He is also Director of Laboratory Investigations at PETA. He studies humans’ complicated relationships with other animals
- Casey A. Borch is in the department of sociology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. He studies the causes and correlates of power inequities under a variety of conditions
- Elizabeth Cherry is in the department of sociology and anthropology at Manhattanville College. She studies veganism and the animal rights movement
| | - Elizabeth Cherry
- Justin R. Goodman is in the department of sociology and criminal justice at Marymount University and a council member of the ASA section on Animals and Society. He is also Director of Laboratory Investigations at PETA. He studies humans’ complicated relationships with other animals
- Casey A. Borch is in the department of sociology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. He studies the causes and correlates of power inequities under a variety of conditions
- Elizabeth Cherry is in the department of sociology and anthropology at Manhattanville College. She studies veganism and the animal rights movement
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Babic I, Cherry E, Fujita DJ. SUMO modification of Sam68 enhances its ability to repress cyclin D1 expression and inhibits its ability to induce apoptosis. Oncogene 2006; 25:4955-64. [PMID: 16568089 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sam68 (Src associated in mitosis; 68 kDa) is an RNA-binding protein and substrate of Src family kinases. It is thought to play a role in cell cycle progression. Overexpression of Sam68 in fibroblasts was reported to have two separable functions dependent on its ability to bind RNA--cell cycle arrest or the induction of apoptosis. Post-translational modification with SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) is common to many transcription factors and can regulate protein localization, stability and function. Here we show Sam68 to be modified by SUMO, and demonstrate that the SUMO E3 ligase (PIAS1) (protein inhibitor of activated STAT1) can enhance Sam68 sumoylation. Lysine 96, the first lysine in the amino-terminal region of Sam68, was found to be the major SUMO acceptor site. Mutation of the SUMO acceptor lysine to arginine enhanced the ability of Sam68 to induce apoptosis but inhibited its ability to act as a transcriptional inhibitor of cyclin D1 expression. A SUMO-1 Sam68 fusion protein, on the other hand, inhibited the ability of Sam68 to induce apoptosis but was a strong repressor of cyclin D1 expression. Thus, SUMO may be an important regulator of Sam68 function in cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Babic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Rosenthal H, Jaye D, Cherry E, Waller E. Isolation and functional inhibitory affects of specific peptides bound to type 2 dendritic cells (DC2). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2003.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Malette B, Cherry E, Lagacé M, Bernard M, Gosselin D, Hugo P, Shazand K. Large scale validation of human N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene (NDRG)-1 expression in endometrium during the menstrual cycle. Mol Hum Reprod 2003; 9:671-9. [PMID: 14561810 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gag084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in the comprehension of the endometrial transformations leading to the completion of each menstrual cycle in humans is in the identification of specific molecular pathways underlying these monthly turnovers. Towards this goal we compared, by the differential display technique, the relative expression of mRNA in endometrial biopsies harvested in individuals (n = 48) either at the proliferative or the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. We isolated a cDNA fragment homologous to NDRG1 (N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene-1) that is present in markedly higher amounts in the secretory phase. Northern blot analysis and quantitative real time PCR experiments confirmed this result in distinct cohorts of individuals (44 and 560 respectively). A closer examination of data showed that the highest mRNA levels were found during the range of 25-28 days of the uterine cycle. Consistent with the mRNA data, the temporal profile of the NDRG1 protein showed a 15-fold increase during the secretory phase, as demonstrated by using semi-quantitative dot blot analyses (n = 92). Immunohistochemical localization revealed that NDRG1 was expressed both in epithelial and stromal cells. This large scale validation of the NDRG1 mRNA and protein increase in endometrium during the secretory phase is consistent with its differentiation-related function described in other tissues and its potential involvement in the window of implantation of the human endometrium, as suggested by previous chip-based evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Malette
- MetrioGene Biosciences Inc., 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2R2, Canada
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Shazand K, Malette B, Cherry E, Baban S, Privé C, Hugo P. Identification of differentially expressed markers for endometriosis. Fertil Steril 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liang C, Rong L, Cherry E, Kleiman L, Laughrea M, Wainberg MA. Deletion mutagenesis within the dimerization initiation site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 results in delayed processing of the p2 peptide from precursor proteins. J Virol 1999; 73:6147-51. [PMID: 10364374 PMCID: PMC112683 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.7.6147-6151.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work has shown that deletions of genomic segments at nucleotide (nt) positions +238 to +253, i.e., construct BH10-LD3, or nt positions +261 to +274, i.e., construct BH10-LD4, within the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) dimerization initiation site (DIS) destroyed DIS secondary structure and dramatically reduced viral replication capacity. Surprisingly, two point mutations located within the viral peptide 2 (p2) and nucleocapsid (NC) protein termed MP2 and MNC, respectively, were able to compensate for this defect. Since the MP2 mutation involves an amino acid substitution near the cleavage site between p2 and NC, we investigated the effects of the above-mentioned deletions on the processing of Gag proteins. Immunoprecipitation assays performed with monoclonal antibodies against viral capsid (CA) (p24) protein showed that p2 was cleaved from CA with less efficiency in viruses that contained the LD3 and LD4 deletions than in wild-type viruses. The presence of the two compensatory mutations, MP2 and MNC, increased the efficiency of the cleavage of p2 from CA, but neither mutation alone had this effect or was sufficient to compensate for the observed impairment in infectiousness. A virus that contained both of the above-mentioned deletions within the DIS was also impaired in regard to processing and infectiousness, and it could likewise be compensated by the MP2 and MNC point mutations. These results suggest that the DIS region of HIV-1 RNA plays an important role in the processing of Gag proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liang
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2
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Hsu M, Cherry E, Quan Y, Richard N, Kleiman L, Wainberg MA. Effect of mutations in NC7 on endogenous reverse transcription in HIV-1. Leukemia 1999; 13 Suppl 1:S113-5. [PMID: 10232383 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Hsu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Cherry E, Liang C, Rong L, Quan Y, Inouye P, Li X, Morin N, Kotler M, Wainberg MA. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) particles that express protease-reverse transcriptase fusion proteins. J Mol Biol 1998; 284:43-56. [PMID: 9811541 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1998.1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have selectively mutagenized specific residues at the junction between the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to study the effects of PR-RT fusion proteins in the context of a full-length, infectious proviral construct. Mutant viruses derived from COS-7 cells transfected with this construct were analyzed in regard to each of viral replication, maturation, and infectivity. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the mutation prevented cleavage between the PR and RT proteins and that both existed as a PR-RT fusion protein in each of cellular and viral lysates. Interestingly, intracellular PR that existed within the PR-RT fusion protein remained functionally active, whereby HIV-1 precursor proteins were processed efficiently. Furthermore, the RT component of the fusion protein also retained its enzymatic activity as shown in RT assays. Electron microscopy revealed that the mutant viruses containing the PR-RT fusion protein possessed wild-type morphology. These viruses also displayed wild-type sensitivities to inhibitors of each of the HIV-1 PR and RT activities. However, viruses containing the PR-RT fusion protein were 20 times less infectious than wild-type viruses. This defect was further pronounced when mutated Gag-Pol proteins were overexpressed as a consequence of an additional mutation that interfered with frameshifting. Thus, unlike cleavage site mutations at the N terminus of PR, a cleavage site mutation between PR and RT did not affect the enzymatic activities of either PR or RT and viruses containing PR-RT fusion proteins were viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cherry
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Canada
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Cherry E, Morin N, Wainberg MA. Effect of HIV constructs containing protease-reverse transcriptase fusion proteins on viral replication. AIDS 1998; 12:967-75. [PMID: 9662192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether disruption of the cleavage site between protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) or the HIV-1 frameshift site could yield trans-dominant negative HIV-1 variants that interfere with wild-type viral replication. DESIGN Residues at the cleavage site between the HIV-1 protease and RT coding regions were mutagenized to produce a protease-RT (PR-RT) fusion protein that was expressed in the context of a full-length provirus. The PR-RT cleavage site mutation was also combined with a read-through mutation at the frameshift site in order to overexpress the mutant Gag-Pol polyproteins. METHODS COS-7 cells were transiently transfected with the mutant constructs to produce viruses harbouring the PR-RT fusion protein. In addition, we performed cotransfection studies in various cell types to analyze the inhibition of wild-type replication by the mutant constructs. RESULTS Immunoblot analysis revealed that this novel mutation prevented cleavage between the two proteins and that both existed as a PR-RT fusion protein in each of cellular and viral lysates. While both the protease and RT components of this fusion protein remained functionally active, viruses containing the cleavage site mutation were less infectious in tissue culture than wild-type viruses produced by COS-7 cells. This defect was further pronounced when the cleavage site mutation between protease and RT was overexpressed as a consequence of an additional mutation that interfered with frameshifting. Cotransfection of COS-7 cells with the mutant constructs and wild-type HIV-1 interfered with the replication of the latter and reduced the infectiousness of the virus particles produced. CONCLUSIONS HIV-1 constructs harbouring a cleavage site mutation between protease and RT can probably act as trans-dominant negative mutants to interfere with wild-type viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cherry
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Inouye P, Cherry E, Hsu M, Zolla-Pazner S, Wainberg MA. Neutralizing antibodies directed against the V3 loop select for different escape variants in a virus with mutated reverse transcriptase (M184V) than in wild-type human immunodeficiency virus type 1. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1998; 14:735-40. [PMID: 9643373 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1998.14.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The M184V substitution in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) encodes high-level resistance to the (-)-enantiomer of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC) and low-level resistance to each of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI). This mutation also results in decreased HIV replication fitness in primary cells, diminished RT processivity, and increased RT fidelity. To assess the effect of this substitution on genetic variation in the HIV env region, we cultured both M184V-containing and wild-type BH10 in MT-4 cells in the presence of the neutralizing monoclonal antibody 447-52D, targeted to the GPGR epitope within the V3 loop of gp120. Outgrowth of viruses resistant to neutralization was followed by sequence analysis of the V3 loop by standard methodology. Wild-type HIV first showed escape after 15-22 days in culture. Sequence analysis revealed an arginine-to-lysine change within the GPGR epitope in the V3 loop (R20K, AGA --> AAA) in six of six clones sequenced after day 36. In contrast, M184V-containing HIV first showed escape between days 25 and 32 and sequence analysis revealed an aspartate-to-tyrosine change at amino acid 5 in V3 (N5Y; AAC --> TAC) in two of six clones at day 36 and in five of five clones at day 55. Similar results were obtained in two independent antibody selection protocols. The escape mutation in the wild type is consistent with the G --> A hypermutation observed in wild-type HIV-1, recently shown to cause an initial M184I change (before M184V) in 3TC-treated patients. In contrast, the N5Y substitution seen with M184V-containing HIV-1 is an A --> T transversion in V3.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Inouye
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Morin N, Cherry E, Li X, Wainberg MA. Cotransfection of mutated forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag-Pol with wild-type constructs can interfere with processing and viral replication. J Hum Virol 1998; 1:240-7. [PMID: 10195247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We wished to generate a number of genetic constructs containing mutations in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of the Gag-Pol of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and to transfect these constructs into COS-7 cells to determine their effect on wild-type (wt) viral replication. RESULTS The mutated Gag-Pol polyproteins were incorporated into viral particles. Gag-Pol proteins that were mutated in PR as well as combinations of mutations in PR and RT inhibited the production of fully processed and infectious viral particles when these constructs were coexpressed with the infectious HIV-1 molecular clone pBH10. Viral particles produced after cotransfection of COS-7 cells with both pBH10 and infectious constructs containing Gag-Pol, mutated in PR alone or in both RT and PR, showed abnormal processing and lower infectivity. Complementation experiments in which pBH10 mutated in PR was coexpressed with wt Gag-Pol showed that the latter could be incorporated into the viral particles that were generated. COS-7 cells stably transfected with Gag-Pol, mutated in PR or in both PR and RT, and subsequently transfected with pBH10, produced levels of p24 and RT activity that were substantially diminished in comparison with levels produced by cells transfected with wt pBH10 alone. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that trans-dominant effects were potentially responsible for the observed inhibition of viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Morin
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Cherry E, Slater M, Salomon H, Rud E, Wainberg MA. Mutations at codon 184 in simian immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase confer resistance to the (-) enantiomer of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:2763-5. [PMID: 9420055 PMCID: PMC164205 DOI: 10.1128/aac.41.12.2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Variants of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) that display greater than 2,000-fold resistance to the (-) enantiomer of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC) were generated through in vitro passage and drug selection. The polymerase regions of several of these resistant viruses were sequenced and were found to share either of two codon alterations at site 184 in reverse transcriptase (ATG to ATA [methionine to isoleucine] and ATG to GTA [methionine to valine]). The biological relevance of these substitutions for 3TC was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis with the SIVmac239 infectious recombinant clone of SIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cherry
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Liang C, Rong L, Morin N, Cherry E, Huang Y, Kleiman L, Wainberg MA. The roles of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Pol protein and the primer binding site in the placement of primer tRNA(3Lys) onto viral genomic RNA. J Virol 1997; 71:9075-86. [PMID: 9371564 PMCID: PMC230208 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.71.12.9075-9086.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors that modulate the placement of primer tRNA(3Lys) onto the viral RNA genome in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were investigated through analysis of reverse-transcribed products that are extended from the tRNA(3Lys) primer. Mutations were introduced into the HIV-1 pol gene to result in the appearance of a stop codon in the open reading frame of the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene. These constructs, BH10-RT1 and BH10-RT2, yielded viruses with truncated Pol proteins. Alternatively, we altered the sequences involved in frameshifting by generating the construct BH10-FS. With each of these mutated viruses, we found that the primer tRNA(3Lys) that was placed onto viral genomic RNA was present in an unextended state. In contrast, as expected, tRNA(3Lys) in the case of wild-type BH10 virus had been extended by 2 bases. Furthermore, the amount of tRNA(3Lys) that was placed onto viral RNA in mutated viruses was significantly less than that placed in the wild-type virus. We also generated a mutant within the polymerase-active site of RT (D185H) (Asp-->His) that eliminated RT polymerase activity. We found that the placement of primer tRNA(3Lys) onto viral genomic RNA was independent of enzyme function; however, the tRNA(3Lys) that was placed was present in an unextended state due to the loss of RT activity. In contrast, the elimination of protease activity through a D25A (Asp-->Ala) point mutation in the protease-active site (construct BH10-PR) did cause a drop in the efficiency of tRNA(3Lys) placement. In this situation, a proportion of the placed tRNA(3Lys) was found to be extended by 2 bases, although not to the extent found with wild-type virus (BH10), due to a decrease in RT activity associated with unprocessed Gag-Pol protein that could not be cleaved because of the loss of protease activity. We also investigated the role of the primer binding site (PBS) in the placement of tRNA(3Lys) through a series of 2-, 4-, and 8-nucleotide (nt) deletions at the 3' end of the PBS, i.e., BH10-PBS2, BH10-PBS4, and BH10-PBS8, respectively. In mutated viruses BH10-PBS2 and BH10-PBS4, the 2-base-extended form of tRNA(3Lys) was still detected. However, less primer tRNA(3Lys) was placed onto viral genomic RNA as more nucleotides were deleted until the percentage of placement seen with wild-type BH10 virus dropped to only 4% in the virus with 8 nt deleted (BH10-PBS8). Consistently, these mutated viruses possessed decreased initial replication capacity compared with that of the wild-type virus, with the extent of incapacity corresponding to the size of the deletion. However, after several days, an increase in replication potential was accompanied by a reversion to a wild-type PBS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- COS Cells
- Cell Line, Transformed
- DNA Primers
- Gene Products, gag/metabolism
- Gene Products, pol/genetics
- Gene Products, pol/metabolism
- Genome, Viral
- HIV Reverse Transcriptase/genetics
- HIV Reverse Transcriptase/metabolism
- HIV-1/enzymology
- HIV-1/genetics
- HIV-1/physiology
- Humans
- Protein Precursors/metabolism
- RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Sequence Deletion
- Virus Replication
- gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liang
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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