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Saeidian AH, Youssefian L, Huang J, Touati A, Vahidnezhad H, Kowal L, Caffet M, Wurst T, Singh J, Snook AE, Ryu E, Fortina P, Terry SF, Schoenecker JG, Uitto J, Li Q. Genetic heterogeneity of heritable ectopic mineralization disorders in a large international cohort. Genet Med 2021; 24:75-86. [PMID: 34906475 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Heritable ectopic mineralization disorders comprise a group of conditions with a broad range of clinical manifestations in nonskeletal connective tissues. We report the genetic findings from a large international cohort of 478 patients afflicted with ectopic mineralization. METHODS Sequence variations were identified using a next-generation sequencing panel consisting of 29 genes reported in association with ectopic mineralization. The pathogenicity of select splicing and missense variants was analyzed in experimental systems in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS A total of 872 variants of unknown significance as well as likely pathogenic and pathogenic variants were disclosed in 25 genes. A total of 159 distinct variants were identified in 425 patients in ABCC6, the gene responsible for pseudoxanthoma elasticum, a heritable multisystem ectopic mineralization disorder. The interpretation of variant pathogenicity relying on bioinformatic predictions did not provide a consensus. Our in vitro and in vivo functional assessment of 14 ABCC6 variants highlighted this dilemma and provided unambiguous interpretations to their pathogenicity. CONCLUSION The results expand the ABCC6 variant repertoire, shed new light on the genetic heterogeneity of heritable ectopic mineralization disorders, and provide evidence that functional characterization in appropriate experimental systems is necessary to determine the pathogenicity of genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Saeidian
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Genetics, Genomics & Cancer Biology PhD Program, College of Life Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Leila Youssefian
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jianhe Huang
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; PXE International Center of Excellence in Research & Clinical Care, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Andrew Touati
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Luke Kowal
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Jagmohan Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA
| | - Ellen Ryu
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Paolo Fortina
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Jonathan G Schoenecker
- Department of Orthopedics and Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; PXE International Center of Excellence in Research & Clinical Care, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Qiaoli Li
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; PXE International Center of Excellence in Research & Clinical Care, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
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Li D, Ryu E, Saeidian AH, Youssefian L, Oliphant E, Terry SF, Tong PL, Uitto J, Haass NK, Li Q. GGCX mutations in a patient with overlapping pseudoxanthoma elasticum/cutis laxa-like phenotype. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:1170-1174. [PMID: 33000479 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a multisystem disorder characterized by ectopic mineralization of connective tissues with primary manifestations in the skin, eyes and the cardiovascular system. The classic forms of PXE are caused by mutations in the ABCC6 gene encoding the ABCC6 protein, expressed primarily in the liver. Cutis laxa (CL) manifests with loose and sagging skin with loss of recoil. In 2009 we investigated a 19-year-old patient with overlapping cutaneous features of PXE and CL, together with alpha thalassaemia. Genetic analysis failed to identify pathogenic mutations in ABCC6. More recently we developed a gene-targeted panel of next-generation sequencing technology. This panel has 29 genes, 22 of which, including ABCC6 and GGCX, are associated with ectopic mineralization phenotypes. Mutation analysis in the patient identified two heterozygous GGCX mutations: c.200_201delTT in exon 2 and c.763G>A, p.V255M in exon 7. The GGCX gene encodes a γ-glutamyl carboxylase necessary for activation of blood coagulation factors in the liver. The p.V255M mutation was previously reported to result in reduced γ-glutamyl carboxylase activity in vitro, while the c.200_201delTT mutation is novel. Previous studies reported that mutations in GGCX cause overlapping PXE/CL skin phenotypes in association with or without multiple vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency. Our patient had loose redundant skin, moderate-to-severe angioid streaks and characteristic calcification of elastic structures in the mid dermis, consistent with PXE/CL overlap, but no coagulation abnormalities. Our studies expand the GGCX mutation landscape in patients with PXE-like phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Li
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - E Ryu
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - A H Saeidian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.,Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology PhD Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L Youssefian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - E Oliphant
- PXE International, Inc, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - S F Terry
- PXE International, Inc, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - P L Tong
- Discipline of Dermatology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - J Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - N K Haass
- Discipline of Dermatology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Q Li
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, and PXE International Center of Excellence in Research and Clinical Care, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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Li D, Ryu E, Saeidian A, Youssefian L, Duvall E, Oliphant E, Terry S, Haass N, Uitto J, Li Q. 403 GGCX mutations in a patient with co-existent overlapping PXE/CL phenotype and thalassemia minor. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Huang J, Ryu E, Youssefian L, Saeidian A, Duvall E, Oliphant E, Terry S, Uitto J, Li Q. 406 An in vitro splicing assay reveals the pathogenicity of intronic variants in ABCC6, the gene at fault in pseudoxanthoma elasticum. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wi C, Krusemark EA, Voge G, Sohn S, Liu H, Ryu E, Park MA, Castro‐Rodriguez JA, Juhn YJ. Usefulness of asthma predictive index in ascertaining asthma status of children using medical records: An explorative study. Allergy 2018; 73:1276-1283. [PMID: 29319899 DOI: 10.1111/all.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent wheezing in original asthma predictive index (API) was defined by parental report of recurrent wheezing within 1 year during the first 3 years of life. The nature of frequent wheezing in children, particularly aged over 3 years, has not been studied. We aimed to assess the frequency and interval of wheezing to define frequent wheezing in ascertaining asthma for children using medical records. METHODS Among children who participated in a previous study (n = 427), all wheezing episodes documented in medical records were collected for children who had ≥2 wheezing episodes PLUS met one major criterion or two minor criteria of API. We compared the distribution of known risk factors for asthma between subjects having two consecutive wheezing episodes with shorter interval (≤1 year) compared to those with longer interval (1 to 3 years). RESULTS A total of 62 children met API at median age of 2.3 years. During follow-up period (median age: 11.3 years), a total of 198 wheezing episodes were observed. 81% of wheezing intervals were within 3 years from the earlier wheezing episode, including 60% within 1 year. Children who met API based on 1-year interval (n = 40) vs 1- to 3-year interval (n = 13) appeared to be similar in regard to the known risk factors for asthma. CONCLUSIONS Our exploratory study finding suggests that children who had frequent wheezing episodes with longer interval (<3 years) need to be considered to be determined as asthma cases when API is applied to retrospective medical records. Prospective studies with a larger sample size need to replicate this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.‐I. Wi
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Asthma Epidemiology Research Unit Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - E. A. Krusemark
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Asthma Epidemiology Research Unit Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - G. Voge
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Asthma Epidemiology Research Unit Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Division of Neonatology Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA
| | - S. Sohn
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - H. Liu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - E. Ryu
- Asthma Epidemiology Research Unit Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - M. A. Park
- Division of Allergic Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - J. A. Castro‐Rodriguez
- Division of Pediatrics School of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Y. J. Juhn
- Asthma Epidemiology Research Unit Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine/Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
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Ryu E. MS 14.05 Quality of Life in Women with Lung Cancer and Effect of Inner Strength in Mood and QOL. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Inglis RF, Ryu E, Asikhia O, Strassmann JE, Queller DC. Does high relatedness promote cheater-free multicellularity in synthetic lifecycles? J Evol Biol 2017; 30:985-993. [PMID: 28294448 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of multicellularity is one of the key transitions in evolution and requires extreme levels of cooperation between cells. However, even when cells are genetically identical, noncooperative cheating mutants can arise that cause a breakdown in cooperation. How then, do multicellular organisms maintain cooperation between cells? A number of mechanisms that increase relatedness amongst cooperative cells have been implicated in the maintenance of cooperative multicellularity including single-cell bottlenecks and kin recognition. In this study, we explore how relatively simple biological processes such as growth and dispersal can act to increase relatedness and promote multicellular cooperation. Using experimental populations of pseudo-organisms, we found that manipulating growth and dispersal of clones of a social amoeba to create high levels of relatedness was sufficient to prevent the spread of cheating mutants. By contrast, cheaters were able to spread under low-relatedness conditions. Most surprisingly, we saw the largest increase in cheating mutants under an experimental treatment that should create intermediate levels of relatedness. This is because one of the factors raising relatedness, structured growth, also causes high vulnerability to growth rate cheaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Inglis
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - E Ryu
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - O Asikhia
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - J E Strassmann
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - D C Queller
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Prieto ML, Ryu E, Jenkins GD, Batzler A, Nassan MM, Cuellar-Barboza AB, Pathak J, McElroy SL, Frye MA, Biernacka JM. Leveraging electronic health records to study pleiotropic effects on bipolar disorder and medical comorbidities. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e870. [PMID: 27529678 PMCID: PMC5022084 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have a high prevalence of comorbid medical illness. However, the mechanisms underlying these comorbidities with BD are not well known. Certain genetic variants may have pleiotropic effects, increasing the risk of BD and other medical illnesses simultaneously. In this study, we evaluated the association of BD-susceptibility genetic variants with various medical conditions that tend to co-exist with BD, using electronic health records (EHR) data linked to genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. Data from 7316 Caucasian subjects were used to test the association of 19 EHR-derived phenotypes with 34 SNPs that were previously reported to be associated with BD. After Bonferroni multiple testing correction, P<7.7 × 10(-5) was considered statistically significant. The top association findings suggested that the BD risk alleles at SNP rs4765913 in CACNA1C gene and rs7042161 in SVEP1 may be associated with increased risk of 'cardiac dysrhythmias' (odds ratio (OR)=1.1, P=3.4 × 10(-3)) and 'essential hypertension' (OR=1.1, P=3.5 × 10(-3)), respectively. Although these associations are not statistically significant after multiple testing correction, both genes have been previously implicated with cardiovascular phenotypes. Moreover, we present additional evidence supporting these associations, particularly the association of the SVEP1 SNP with hypertension. This study shows the potential for EHR-based analyses of large cohorts to discover pleiotropic effects contributing to complex psychiatric traits and commonly co-occurring medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Prieto
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Ryu
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - G D Jenkins
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A Batzler
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M M Nassan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A B Cuellar-Barboza
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - J Pathak
- Division of Health Informatics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - S L McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - M A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J M Biernacka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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Choi S, Ryu E. Effects of symptom clusters and depression on the quality of life in patients with advanced lung cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 27. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Choi
- Department of Nursing; National Cancer Center; Kyunggi-do South Korea
| | - E. Ryu
- Department of Nursing; Chung-Ang University; Seoul South Korea
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Olson JE, Bielinski SJ, Ryu E, Winkler EM, Takahashi PY, Pathak J, Cerhan JR. Biobanks and personalized medicine. Clin Genet 2014; 86:50-5. [PMID: 24588254 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We provide a mini-review of how biobanks can support clinical genetics in the era of personalized medicine. We discuss types of biobanks, including disease specific and general biobanks not focused on one disease. We present considerations in setting up a biobank, including consenting and governance, biospecimens, risk factor and related data, informatics, and linkage to electronic health records for phenotyping. We also discuss the uses of biobanks and ongoing considerations, including genotype-driven recruitment, investigations of gene-environment associations, and the re-use of data generated from studies. Finally, we present a brief discussion of some of the unresolved issues, such as return of research results and sustaining biobanks over time. In summary, carefully designed biobanks can provide critical research and infrastructure support for clinical genetics in the era of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Rochester, MN, USA
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Tanda S, Yoshimoto T, Hashizume T, Tomiyasu S, Tamaki T, Yomiya K, Ryu E, Kagaya H, Suzuki T, Matoba M. Actions of the Symptom Control Research Group (SCORE-G) in the Palliative Care Field in Japan: Report 3. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt460.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Takahashi P, Ryu E, Olson J, Anderson K, Hathcock M, Haas L, Naessens J, Pathak J, Bielinski S, Cerhan J. Impact of age upon hospitalizations and emergency room use of Mayo Clinic biobank participants within the medical home. Eur Geriatr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2013.07.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lee SH, Yun DY, Jung JH, You JH, Kim TW, Ryu E, Kim SW. Variations in the memory capability of nonvolatile memory devices fabricated using hybrid composites of InP nanoparticles and a polystyrene layer due to the scale-down. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:449-452. [PMID: 21446474 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
InP nanoparticles were formed using a solution method, and the InP nanoparticles that were embedded in a polystyrene (PS) layer were formed using the spin-coating method. The transmission electron microscopy images showed that the InP nanoparticles were randomly distributed in the PS layer. The measured capacitance-voltage (C-V) of the Al/InP nanoparticles embedded in the PS layer/PS/p-Si(100) device at 300 K showed a clockwise hysteresis of the C-V curve. Based on the C-V results, the origin of variations in the memory storage of nonvolatile memory devices that were fabricated using InP nanoparticles embedded in a PS layer due to the scale-down was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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Hughes P, Jensen K, Ryu E, Bryant S, Coddington C, Morbeck D. Trends in sperm morphology as assessed by strict or world health organization (WHO) 3rd edition criteria over eleven years of american association of Bioanalysts proficiency testing data. Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Park Y, Ryu E, Kim H, Jeong J, Kim J, Shim J, Jeon S, Jo Y, Kim W, Min B. Characterization of antithrombotic activity of lumbrokinase-immobilized polyurethane valves in the total artificial heart. Artif Organs 1999; 23:210-4. [PMID: 10027894 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.1999.06013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Thirty ng/mm2 lumbrokinase, a potent fibrinolytic enzyme, was immobilized in a Korean type total artificial heart (KORTAH) valve by photoreaction; polyallylamine was used as a photoreactive linker. Lumbrokinase-immobilized polyurethane valves were then fitted to the total artificial hearts of 3 healthy 50 kg lambs. In the control lamb, the valves were untreated; in one other, only valves on the right were treated; and in the remaining animal, only those on the left. Implants were in place for up to 3 days, and cardiac output was 5 L/min. To facilitate thrombus formation, low doses of heparin were administered. In the control lamb, thrombi was observed only in the inlet parts of the valves. In the other 2 experiments, thrombi formed in untreated control valves but not in lumbrokinase treated valves. The grade of thrombus formation in untreated valves was 1.06+/-1.37 versus 0+/-0 in the treated part by one-sided Student's t-test (p < 0.1). After implantation, fibrinolytic activity was only observed in treated valves by fibrin plate methods. The proteolytic activity of the treated valves was 3 times higher than that of untreated valves using the azocasein method. These data show that lumbrokinase treated polyurethane valves lead to decreased thrombus formation in vivo and that their biocompatibility is therefore greater than that of untreated valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
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Yamada K, Ryu E, Nonaka K. Protective effect of nicotinamide and 3-aminobenzamide on islet cell damage induced by gamma-interferon and tumor necrosis factor. Diabetes Res 1990; 13:85-7. [PMID: 2151129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mouse islet cell monolayers were damaged when cultured for five days in a medium containing 200 U/ml of recombinant murine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and 300 U/ml of recombinant tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The cells formed granular clusters and ultimately floated in the medium; the floating cells proved to be dead by the trypan-blue dye-exclusion method. When 20 mM of nicotinamide or 5 mM of 3-aminobenzamide was supplemented to the medium, islet cell monolayers remained in the presence of the cytokines. 51Cr release studies showed that specific 51Cr release during five-day incubation with 200 U/ml of IFN-gamma and 300 U/ml of TNF was 30 +/- 4% (mean +/- SE). In a medium containing 20 mM of nicotinamide, together with IFN-gamma and TNF, specific 51Cr release was significantly reduced (12 +/- 3%, p less than 0.01). 3-aminobenzamide was effective at the level of 5 mM; specific 51Cr release was 2 +/- 5% (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that the mechanism by which IFN-gamma and TNF damage islet cells may be similar to that of streptozotocin and/or alloxan.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamada
- Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Wakita M, Ryu E, Nakayasu K, Kashima K, Fujiki K, Kato K, Nakajima A, Kabasawa K. [Statistical analysis of Marfan's syndrome]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1989; 93:682-90. [PMID: 2816576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the ocular complications of Marfan's syndrome which cause severe visual disturbance, we retrospectively investigated 104 patients (208 eyes) with Marfan's syndrome. Dislocation of the lens, the most frequent ocular manifestation, was detected in 151 eyes (72.6%). There were 33 eyes with a visual acuity 0.1 or less. In this group, we found retinal detachment in 12 eyes (36.4%) and glaucoma in 5 eyes (15.2%) as the causes of visual disturbance. Among 17 eyes with retinal detachment, 5 eyes (29.4%) had horizontally dislocated lens. On the other hand. The lens dislocation in a downward direction was found in 5 (22.7%) of 22 eyes with glaucoma. No lens dislocation in an upward direction was found in eyes with glaucoma. The incidence of retinal detachment in aphakic eyes (5/31, 16.1%) was higher than that in the phakic group (16/177, 9.0%). In only 2 (3.6%) of 56 eyes, did the lens dislocation become markedly worse during the observation period. From these data, we re-confirmed that retinal detachment and glaucoma are the most important ocular complications of Marfan's syndrome leading to severe visual disturbance. The decision to operate on the dislocated lens should be made cautiously.
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Ryu E. Prophylactic effect of tea on pathogenic microorganism infections to humans and animals. (II). Protozoacidal effect on Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and mice. Int J Zoonoses 1982; 9:126-31. [PMID: 7169306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The trophozoites of Toxoplasma gondii strain (RH) obtained from the peritoneal exudate of infected mice were treated with tea in various concentrations of 0.5, 1, 3 and 5% for 0.5, 1 and 3 hours, respectively. After treatment, they were intraperitoneally inoculated into the mice to observe the protozoacidal effect of tea. The results obtained are as follows: 1) Oolong tea and green tea had stronger protozoacidal effect than black tea. 2) The lowest and effective concentration of tea tested to kill Toxoplasma was 0.5%. 3) A half hour was not enough for tea in any concentration tested to kill the parasites completely. 4) Phosphate buffer solution and normal saline were unable to destroy the protozoa, but distilled water could destroy them like tea.
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Ryu E, Blenden DC, Wendall D. The inhibition of growth of selected bacteria by incorporating powdered tea in the medium. Int J Zoonoses 1982; 9:73-7. [PMID: 7174238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Ryu E, Shaey KC. Immunization of rabbits with zeolite absorbed Trypanosoma gambiense inactive vaccine. Int J Zoonoses 1981; 8:91-6. [PMID: 6277815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
T. Gambiense was treated with natural zeolite, a very powdery mineral material which has strong absorptive capacity from the cationic exchangeable properties, and kept at 4 degrees C for 3 days. Rabbits injected with this inactivated vaccine were completely protected from a challenge inoculation of homologous viable parasites. Collected immune sera by weekly intervals from the immunized animals were tested for their ability to agglutinate trypanosomes. Serum antibodies were shown high titers 3 weeks post-inoculation, i.e., 1:512, and plateau of this titer was persistent up 3-4 weeks. For the experiment of passive protective effects of rabbit immune sera, mice were inoculated with 100 viable T. Gambiense by subcutaneous or intracerebral routes and then immediately performed two injection doses of 0.1 ml antiserum at intervals of 24 hours by subcutaneous. The protective ability was remarkable at the first to second weeks after the last immunization and then slightly decreased although a high level of agglutination titer remained in immune serum.
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Ryu E. Prophylactic effect of tea on pathogenic micro-organism infection to human and animals. (1). Growth inhibitive and bacteriocidal effect of tea on food poisoning and other pathogenic enterobacterium in vitro. Int J Zoonoses 1980; 7:164-70. [PMID: 7251263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
0.5% tea powder of Oolong tea, green tea and black tea, respectively added to Tryptic soy agar (TSA) plates prepared non aseptically could inhibit the growth of colonies of St. aureus and airborne bacteria, but only very few fungi colonies. 0.5% tea powder of oolong tea, green tea and black tea, respectively added to Tryptic soy agar (TSA) plates prepared non aseptically could also inhibit the colonial growth of V. cholerae, V. parahaemorrhagiae, Sal. dysenteriae, Sal. typhi, Sal. paratyphi A and B. The suspension (10(-3) approximately 10(-4)) of E. coli could inhibit the colonial growth. 3% suspension of oolong tea, green tea, and black tea, respectively could kill V. cholerae and V. parahaemorrhagiae in 30 minutes. 3% suspension of oolong tea and green tea, respectively could kill Sal. Typhi B.
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Ryu E, Shaey KC. Protective effect of zeolite absorbed Trypanosoma gambiense inactive vaccines on mice. Int J Zoonoses 1980; 7:101-6. [PMID: 6265389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Inactive T. gambiense vaccines treated with strong absorbent natural zeolite and kept at 4 degrees C for 3 days were injected into mice. After 2 weeks, 75% of the white mice which had received single injection survived, 85% of double injections survived challenge with 100 parasites separated from T. gambiense-infected mouse blood. However, the survival rats of the inoculated mice challenged after 3 weeks were 55% (one injection) and 80% (two injections) respectively. The mice were challenged 2 weeks after they were inoculated with vaccines made in the same way as mentioned above except that the prepared time was lengthened to 6 days. The total survival rates were 67.4% (one injection) and 85% (two injections) and these challenged 3 weeks after inoculation were 50% (one injection) and 80% (two injections). Mice not surviving in the experimental groups lived longer by 3--4 days than those in the controlled ones which had no survivors at all. Inactive vaccines prepared with artificial zeolite showed little protective effect on mice.
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Ryu E. A vaccine and immune serum for ascites tumor of mice and therapy of skin tumors. Dev Biol Stand 1977; 38:381-5. [PMID: 608527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Of the 16 dyes studied, methylene blue med (MBM) was found to be the least and the most immunogenic either the dye-prepared vaccine or the dye solution injected simultaneously with ascites tumor (AT) cell suspension. The effective dosages of MBM ranged from 0.2 ml of 0.1% to 0.1 ml of 1%, i.e., 0.2-1.0 mg per mouse, weighed at 15-20 gm. Rabbits immunized with MBM-prepared vaccine produced specific antibody to AT in 2-3 weeks. Antisera produced by intraperitoneal injection were more effective than those produced by subcutaneous injection. Both rabbit immune serum and MBM dye solution were found to have therapeutic value in treatment of skin tumors induced by AT cell suspensions.
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Ryu E. An international survey of leptospiral agglutinin of dogs by RMAT. Int J Zoonoses 1976; 3:33-60. [PMID: 977231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
FRom 1970 through 1973, the author used RMAT to examine the canine leptospiral antibodies against 10 serotypes in 12,374 attended dogs, 1,855 stray dogs and 480 house dogs in 24 countries. Among the 10 serotypes, L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola were the most prevalent. Positive rates were in the following order: Peru 26.3%, Chile 18.4%, Turkey 17.4%, Austria 16.0%, Korea 15.0%, Cina (Taiwan) 11.4%, Japan 9.8%, Brazil 7.7%, United States 5.5%, United Kingdom 4.5%, Italy 3.5%, Germany 2.0%, and Canada 0.4%. Negative results were obtained in Australia, Dominica, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Indonesia, Iran, Malta, Philippines, Sweden and Thailand. Positive rates on different continents were: South America 11.1%, Asia 10.1%, Europe 3.4%, North America 2.4%, Oceania and Africa (Ethiopia) 0%. Negative results were obtained against either L. icterohaemorrhagiae or L. canicola in samples from most tropical countries. Lower positive rates were seen during summer in Korea and Japan. Positive reactors were detected against other serotypes, viz., L. grippotyphosa, L. australis A, L. pyrogenes, L. bataviae, L. autumnalis, L. hebdomadis and L. javanica. Sex, physical condition and vaccination status as factors in the presence of antibodies were reviewed.
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Okuno T, Mitchell CJ, Chen PS, Hsu S, Ryu E. Experimental transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus by Culex tritaeniorhynchus and C. fuscocephalus. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1975; 69:203-6. [PMID: 168819 DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1975.11687002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Experimental transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus from swine to baby chicks was accomplished using Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex fuscocephalus, two of three mosquito species in Taiwan from which the virus has been recovered in nature. Whereas neither species had become infective by the twelfth day, one of ten C. fuscocephalus and 11 of 51 C. tritaeniorhynchus were infective by the seventeenth day of extrinsic incubation as verified by viraemia in chicks fed upon by potentially infective mosquitoes. The highest transmission rate obtained was 81% for C. tritaeniorhynchus on the twenty-first day of extrinsic incubation.
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Ryu E. An investigation of canine antileptospiral antibodies in Japan. Int J Zoonoses 1975; 2:16-34. [PMID: 1205671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
From 1970 through 1973, blood samples of 7113 attended dogs and 1615 stray dogs in 50 cities of Japan were examined for leptospiral antibodies by RMAT on filter paper specimens. Results were as follows: 1. Prevalences of antibodies against L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola in attended dogs in 50 cities ranged from 22.5% to 0% with an average of 9.8%. Those of stray dogs in 8 cities ranged from 52.5% to 0% with an average of 21.7%. 2. 64 and 37 of 7113 attended dog sera reached positively only against either L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola, respectively. 595 of 7113 attended dog sera reacted positively against both antigens. 3. In 820 attended dog sera tested against 8 leptospiral serotypes, 57 had antibodies against L. icterohaemorrhagiae, 52 against L. canicola, 2 against L. australis A, 10 against L. pyrogenes and 2 against L. grippotyphosa. 4. The prevalence of antibodies was twice as much in male dogs as in females. The prevalence in a healthy group was only half that of a sick group. Attended dogs below 4 years old had a higher antibody prevalence than any other age. The prevalence of antibodies in summer was lower than for any other season.
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Ryu E, Hasegawa A, Saegusa S, Ichiki H. An investigation of canine leptospiral antibodies in Tokyo and Yokohama. Comparison of Canine Positive rates between rapid microscopic agglutination test and Schüffner-Mochtar test. Int J Zoonoses 1974; 1:82-90. [PMID: 4468963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ryu E, Suh IS. The leptospiral agglutinin of Korean dogs and wild rats by employing filter paper and rapid microsocpic agglutination test. Int J Zoonoses 1974; 1:21-35. [PMID: 4468961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ryu E. Rapid microscopic agglutination test for Leptospira without non-specific reaction. Bull Off Int Epizoot 1970; 73:49-58. [PMID: 5533719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Liu YP, Ryu E. Studies of leptospirosis in Taiwan (Republic of China). Bull Off Int Epizoot 1970; 73:43-8. [PMID: 5533718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ryu E, Liu CK. Studies on the susceptibility of water buffaloes to Leptospira. Can J Comp Med 1968; 32:447-9. [PMID: 4233835 PMCID: PMC1319269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Eight mature farming type, Taiwan, water buffaloes were inoculate with L. australis A while six received L. canicola. Before inoculation all animals were negative to the microscopic-agglutination test (agglutinationlysis test) using the above species as antigen. No sign of clinical leptospirosis was observed although four animals developed temperatures. Cultures made from buffalo blood, kidneys and urine and from blood of guinea pigs inoculated with kidney emulsion and urine from the inoculated buffalo were all negative for leptospiral organisms. Blood samples drawn from the water buffalo 2, 3 and 4 weeks post inoculation were negative to the microscopic-agglutination test except for one animal. Blood from the animal taken two weeks post-inoculation was positive at 1:100 dilution with L. australis A antigen but that taken at 3 and 4 weeks was negative.
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Ryu E. Serum fractions inhibitory to the growth of Leptospires. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci 1965; 29:279-82. [PMID: 4220645 PMCID: PMC1494465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
It is known that the growth inhibitory substance of animal sera on Leptospires exists in the albumin fraction. Since the globulin fraction obtained from animal sera having growth inhibitory property may support, though variable individually, some degree of leptospiral growth, it may be added, with 5% of pooled rabbit serum, to the medium to be used for the propagation of Leptospires.
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Fish NA, Ryu E, Hulland TJ. Bacteriological and Pathological Studies of Natural and Experimental Swine Abortion Due to Leptospira Pomona. Can Vet J 1963; 4:317-27. [PMID: 17421656 PMCID: PMC1695591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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Ryu E. The Influence of CO(2) Supply on Colonial Formation of Leptospires. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci 1963; 27:261-6. [PMID: 17649471 PMCID: PMC1583720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The colonial formation of three serotypes of Leptospires on Cox's solid medium was promoted by microaerophilic incubation of one to three per cent of CO(2) supplied by carbon dioxide cylinder, sodium carbonate oxalic acid, and candle method. In anaerobic incubation Leptospira pomona grew the same as with CO(2) incubation. The pH of the medium was an important influence on the rate of colonial formation of Leptospires. Addition of hemoglobin and inactivation of rabbit serum was not an essential condition for rapid colonial formation. It was found that variation in the morphology of leptospiral colonies occurred with hemoglobin from different species and individuals.
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Ryu E. A SIMPLE METHOD FOR STAINING LEPTOSPIRA. Can J Microbiol 1963. [DOI: 10.1139/m63-053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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