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Willder S, Kelsey E, O'Connor E, Grills R. Expanding urological services into regional Australia and reducing interhospital transfers: how the nurse practitioner can help. ANZ J Surg 2024. [PMID: 38619216 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A visiting urology service has been in existence at Hamilton Base Hospital, Western Victoria, over the past 25 years, serving an unmet need. A Urology Nurse Practitioner (UNP) provides the care and management of urology patients working in close association with visiting urologists. We aim to assess the impact of the UNP's role in the delivery of regional urological care. METHODS A retrospective analysis of medical records identified all clinical interventions by the UNP between January 2016 and December 2019. Each encounter was graded according to a clinical severity scale from grade 1 to 5 and assessed for UNP management of patients and the prevention of interhospital transfers. RESULTS One hundred eighty-four patients with 654 individual assessments were identified for inclusion and classified according to the adapted clinical severity scale. Most interventions for category 3 and 4 patients related to major bleeding, catheter difficulties, and haemodynamic instability. A total of 19 patients whose urological issues would typically require interhospital transfer were able to be managed locally. CONCLUSIONS Transferring an acute patient from a regional to a tertiary hospital for specialist care is often necessary but not ideal for the patient and their family. The presence of a dedicated UNP in a regional centre is important for patient care and has an important role in preventing unnecessary transfers. This is a vital component of a visiting urological service to a rural community.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Willder
- Depatment of Surgery, Western District Health Service, Hamilton, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Kelsey
- Department of Urological Surgery, Barwon Health, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - E O'Connor
- Department of Urological Surgery, Barwon Health, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Grills
- Depatment of Surgery, Western District Health Service, Hamilton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urological Surgery, Barwon Health, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Núñez-Carpintero I, Rigau M, Bosio M, O'Connor E, Spendiff S, Azuma Y, Topf A, Thompson R, 't Hoen PAC, Chamova T, Tournev I, Guergueltcheva V, Laurie S, Beltran S, Capella-Gutiérrez S, Cirillo D, Lochmüller H, Valencia A. Rare disease research workflow using multilayer networks elucidates the molecular determinants of severity in Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1227. [PMID: 38418480 PMCID: PMC10902324 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploring the molecular basis of disease severity in rare disease scenarios is a challenging task provided the limitations on data availability. Causative genes have been described for Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes (CMS), a group of diverse minority neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorders; yet a molecular explanation for the phenotypic severity differences remains unclear. Here, we present a workflow to explore the functional relationships between CMS causal genes and altered genes from each patient, based on multilayer network community detection analysis of complementary biomedical information provided by relevant data sources, namely protein-protein interactions, pathways and metabolomics. Our results show that CMS severity can be ascribed to the personalized impairment of extracellular matrix components and postsynaptic modulators of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering. This work showcases how coupling multilayer network analysis with personalized -omics information provides molecular explanations to the varying severity of rare diseases; paving the way for sorting out similar cases in other rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Núñez-Carpintero
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Rigau
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mattia Bosio
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- Coordination Unit Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute (INB/ELIXIR-ES), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yoshiteru Azuma
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Ana Topf
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Thompson
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Peter A C 't Hoen
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Teodora Chamova
- Department of Neurology, Expert Centre for Hereditary Neurologic and Metabolic Disorders, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivailo Tournev
- Department of Neurology, Expert Centre for Hereditary Neurologic and Metabolic Disorders, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, 1618, Bulgaria
| | - Velina Guergueltcheva
- Clinic of Neurology, University Hospital Sofiamed, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Steven Laurie
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Beltran
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Capella-Gutiérrez
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- Coordination Unit Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute (INB/ELIXIR-ES), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davide Cirillo
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- Coordination Unit Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute (INB/ELIXIR-ES), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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O'Connor E, Prebble K, Waterworth S. Organizational factors to optimize mental health nurses' wellbeing in the workplace: An integrative literature review. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024; 33:5-17. [PMID: 37650491 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Mental health nursing is a privilege and a rewarding profession. There has been a call for transformational change in mental health services to improve outcomes for the people of New Zealand, with mental health nurses integral to this. However, with predicted nursing shortages, high levels of burnout, and increasing demands in the workplace, an organizational focus on wellbeing for mental health nurses is needed to sustain the workforce, implement change and improve outcomes for people using mental health services. An integrative review of the literature was undertaken to explore how organizations can optimize mental health nurses' wellbeing in the workplace and to identify measures for organizations to support mental health nurses' wellbeing with a focus on New Zealand. Seven articles were included in this review after a search, data extraction and evaluation. Data were synthesized and categorized using thematic analysis. The findings indicate organizations can invest in several initiatives to enhance mental health nurses' wellbeing in the workplace. These include professional development, skills to build resilience, enabling time to reflect on practice, enhancing professional supervision, having the right managerial support and focusing on individual's strengths. Organizations need to prioritize mental health nurses' wellbeing by embedding the practical strategies this review identified and by addressing organizational barriers to wellbeing. Organizations should consider implementing multileveled organizational wellbeing initiatives to nurture and grow the New Zealand mental health nursing workforce which in turn will contribute to quality care and enable mental health nurses to have long meaningful careers. Time, investment and resources are essential for these initiatives to be effective.
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O'Connor E, Leitao S, Fogarty AP, Greene R, O'Donoghue K. A systematic review of standardised tools used in perinatal death review programmes. Women Birth 2024; 37:88-97. [PMID: 37793961 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reducing preventable perinatal deaths is the focus of perinatal death surveillance and response programmes. Standardised review tools can help identify modifiable factors in perinatal deaths. AIM This systematic review aimed to identify, compare, and appraise perinatal mortality review tools (PMRTs) in upper-middle to high-income countries. METHODS Four major scientific databases were searched for publications relating to perinatal death reviews. There were no restrictions on date, study, or publication type. Professional websites for each country were searched for relevant material. The Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation Health Systems (AGREE-HS) checklist was used for quality appraisal of each tool. A narrative synthesis was used to describe and compare tools. FINDINGS Ten PMRTs were included. Five PMRTs were from high-income countries, four from upper-middle income countries and one was designed for use in a global context. The structure, content, and quality of each PMRT varied. Each tool collected information about the antepartum, intrapartum, and neonatal periods and a section to classify perinatal deaths using a standardised classification system. All tools reviewed the care provided. Five tools included recommendation development for changes to clinical care. Four tools mentioned parent involvement in the review process. For quality appraisal, one review tool scored "high quality", six scored "moderate quality" and two scored "poor quality". CONCLUSION There is little standardisation when it comes to PMRTs. Guidance on structuring PMRTs in a standardised way is needed. Recommendation development from a review is important to highlight changes to care required to reduce preventable perinatal deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O'Connor
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 5th Floor, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Ireland.
| | - Sara Leitao
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 5th Floor, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Ireland
| | - Amy P Fogarty
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Richard Greene
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 5th Floor, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Ireland
| | - Keelin O'Donoghue
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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5
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Versace J, Tazrin S, O'Connor E, Sekibo J, Morey E, Kasinopoulou A, O'Donoghue D, Simblett SK. The role of spirituality and identity formation in personal recovery from traumatic brain injury: A qualitative analysis through the personal experiences of survivors. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2023:1-31. [PMID: 38006578 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2023.2274624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a type of acquired brain injury (ABI) that happens when a sudden, external, physical assault damages the brain. TBI can cause long-term cognitive impairments and other lifestyle changes that may affect psychological wellbeing. Among the psychological challenges people recovering from TBI often face is the subjective loss of their pre-injury identity. Quantitative and qualitative research suggests that spirituality can play a positive role in recovery from TBI, increasing the quality of life and overall mental health. However, thus far, the research into this topic has not directly addressed the relationship between identity and spirituality after TBI. The present study sought to do this by thematically analyzing 22 public podcasts featuring interviews of people recovering from TBI telling their stories. The authors review the spiritual themes discussed in the podcasts and then propose a hypothesis about how, through a sense of connection to something self-transcendent, spirituality may enable people to test new meanings and identities, relatively free from the consequences of discrepancy in meaning and identity after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Versace
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Tazrin
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E O'Connor
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Sekibo
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E Morey
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Kasinopoulou
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D O'Donoghue
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S K Simblett
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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6
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O'Connor E, Greene R, O'Donoghue K, Leitao S. A protocol for a systematic review of standardised tools used in perinatal death review programmes. HRB Open Res 2023; 5:52. [PMID: 37753168 PMCID: PMC10518843 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13574.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Perinatal mortality encompasses stillbirths and early neonatal deaths. A perinatal death surveillance and response cycle has been recommended by the World Health Organization for use in the review of perinatal deaths. The main components of the cycle include identifying and reporting perinatal deaths, and reviewing the deaths, including potentially modifiable factors, in order to measure and improve quality of care provided to women and infants. There is no consensus on the best way to design, implement and conduct perinatal death reviews. This systematic review aims to identify standardised tools that are used to review perinatal deaths. Objectives: The primary aim of this protocol is to describe methodology for a systematic search of the literature to identify standardised tools that are used to review perinatal deaths in upper-middle to high-income countries. Review tools may include standardised checklists, forms, frameworks or other structured documents used to review perinatal deaths. Review tools will be appraised to see if they incorporate the identification of modifiable factors in perinatal deaths and establish recommendations for improvements to quality of care provided. Methods: A systematic review of the literature will be performed to identify peer-reviewed publications and grey literature describing the use of perinatal mortality review tools without date restrictions. The eligibility of review tools for inclusion will be based on inclusion and exclusion criteria applied to the SPIDER framework. Data will be extracted based on the structure and content of included review tools, and the tools will be appraised using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation Health Systems (AGREE-HS) instrument. Conclusion: This systematic review protocol for identifying and appraising standardised perinatal mortality review tools may help to establish the optimal way to structure a standardised review process for perinatal mortality in middle- to high-income countries. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022326877.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O'Connor
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Richard Greene
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Keelin O'Donoghue
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sara Leitao
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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7
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O'Connor E, Greene R, O'Donoghue K, Leitao S. A protocol for a systematic review of standardised tools used in perinatal death review programmes. HRB Open Res 2023; 5:52. [PMID: 37753168 PMCID: PMC10518843 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13574.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Perinatal mortality encompasses stillbirths and early neonatal deaths. A perinatal death surveillance and response cycle has been recommended by the World Health Organization for use in the review of perinatal deaths. The main components of the cycle include identifying and reporting perinatal deaths, and reviewing the deaths, including potentially modifiable factors, in order to measure and improve quality of care provided to women and infants. There is no consensus on the best way to design, implement and conduct perinatal death reviews. This systematic review aims to identify standardised tools that are used to review perinatal deaths. Objectives: The primary aim of this protocol is to describe methodology for a systematic search of the literature to identify standardised tools that are used to review perinatal deaths in upper-middle to high-income countries. Review tools may include standardised checklists, forms, frameworks or other structured documents used to review perinatal deaths. Review tools will be appraised to see if they incorporate the identification of modifiable factors in perinatal deaths and establish recommendations for improvements to quality of care provided. Methods: A systematic review of the literature will be performed to identify peer-reviewed publications and grey literature describing the use of perinatal mortality review tools without date restrictions. The eligibility of review tools for inclusion will be based on inclusion and exclusion criteria applied to the SPIDER framework. Data will be extracted based on the structure and content of included review tools, and the tools will be appraised using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation Health Systems (AGREE-HS) instrument. Conclusion: This systematic review protocol for identifying and appraising standardised perinatal mortality review tools may help to establish the optimal way to structure a standardised review process for perinatal mortality in middle- to high-income countries. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022326877.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O'Connor
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Richard Greene
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Keelin O'Donoghue
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sara Leitao
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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O'Connor C, O'Connor E, Leitao S, Barrett S, O'Donoghue K. Clinical practice guidelines for the antenatal management of dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:347. [PMID: 37179347 PMCID: PMC10182673 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to identify guidelines with recommendations applicable to the antenatal management of dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies within high-income countries, appraise their methodological quality, and discuss the similarities and variability across guidelines. METHOD A systematic literature review of electronic databases was performed. Manual searches of guideline repositories and websites of professional organisations were performed to identify additional guidelines. The protocol for this systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021248586, 25 June 2021). AGREE II and AGREE-REX tools were applied to assess the quality of eligible guidelines. A narrative and thematic synthesis described and compared the guidelines and their recommendations. RESULTS Twenty-four guidelines were included, from which 483 recommendations were identified across 4 international organisations and 12 countries. Guidelines addressed eight themes and recommendations were classified accordingly: chorionicity and dating (103 recommendations), fetal growth (105 recommendations), termination of pregnancy (12 recommendations), fetal death (13 recommendations), fetal anomalies (65 recommendations), antenatal care (65 recommendations), preterm labour (56 recommendations) and birth (54 recommendations). Guidelines showed significant variability in recommendations, with conflicting recommendations regarding non-invasive preterm testing, definitions surrounding selective fetal growth restriction, screening for preterm labour and the timing of birth. Guidelines lacked a focus on standard antenatal management of DCDA twins, management of discordant fetal anomaly and single fetal demise. CONCLUSIONS Specific guidance for dichorionic diamniotic twins is overall indistinct and access to guidance regarding the antenatal management of these pregnancies is currently difficult. Management of discordant fetal anomaly or single fetal demise needs greater consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline O'Connor
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, 5th Floor, Wilton Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Emily O'Connor
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Center (NPEC), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sara Leitao
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Center (NPEC), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Shauna Barrett
- Cork University Hospital Library, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Keelin O'Donoghue
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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9
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Nic An Ríogh E, McCombe G, Connolly SP, Fawsitt R, McHugh T, O'Connor E, Stewart S, Swan D, Tinago W, Cullen W, Lambert JS. A mixed methods study of attendance and treatment rates among patients with Hepatitis C. Ir Med J 2023; 116:742. [PMID: 37010498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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10
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Nic An Ríogh E, McCombe G, Connolly SP, Fawsitt R, McHugh T, O'Connor E, Stewart S, Swan D, Tinago W, Cullen W, Lambert JS. A mixed methods study of Attendance and Treatment Rates among Patients with Hepatitis C. Ir Med J 2023; 116:742. [PMID: 36976262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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11
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Van Haute L, O'Connor E, Díaz-Maldonado H, Munro B, Polavarapu K, Hock DH, Arunachal G, Athanasiou-Fragkouli A, Bardhan M, Barth M, Bonneau D, Brunetti-Pierri N, Cappuccio G, Caruana NJ, Dominik N, Goel H, Helman G, Houlden H, Lenaers G, Mention K, Murphy D, Nandeesh B, Olimpio C, Powell CA, Preethish-Kumar V, Procaccio V, Rius R, Rebelo-Guiomar P, Simons C, Vengalil S, Zaki MS, Ziegler A, Thorburn DR, Stroud DA, Maroofian R, Christodoulou J, Gustafsson C, Nalini A, Lochmüller H, Minczuk M, Horvath R. TEFM variants impair mitochondrial transcription causing childhood-onset neurological disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1009. [PMID: 36823193 PMCID: PMC9950373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the mitochondrial or nuclear genomes are associated with a diverse group of human disorders characterized by impaired mitochondrial respiration. Within this group, an increasing number of mutations have been identified in nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial RNA biology. The TEFM gene encodes the mitochondrial transcription elongation factor responsible for enhancing the processivity of mitochondrial RNA polymerase, POLRMT. We report for the first time that TEFM variants are associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency and a wide range of clinical presentations including mitochondrial myopathy with a treatable neuromuscular transmission defect. Mechanistically, we show muscle and primary fibroblasts from the affected individuals have reduced levels of promoter distal mitochondrial RNA transcripts. Finally, tefm knockdown in zebrafish embryos resulted in neuromuscular junction abnormalities and abnormal mitochondrial function, strengthening the genotype-phenotype correlation. Our study highlights that TEFM regulates mitochondrial transcription elongation and its defect results in variable, tissue-specific neurological and neuromuscular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Van Haute
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Héctor Díaz-Maldonado
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Munro
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kiran Polavarapu
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Daniella H Hock
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Gautham Arunachal
- Department of Human genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Alkyoni Athanasiou-Fragkouli
- UCL London, Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mainak Bardhan
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Magalie Barth
- Department of Genetics, Mitovasc INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- Department of Genetics, Mitovasc INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via s. Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerarda Cappuccio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via s. Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nikeisha J Caruana
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia
| | - Natalia Dominik
- UCL London, Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Himanshu Goel
- Hunter Genetics, Waratah, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Guy Helman
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Henry Houlden
- UCL London, Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Department of Genetics, Mitovasc INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Karine Mention
- Pediatric Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | - David Murphy
- UCL London, Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bevinahalli Nandeesh
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Catarina Olimpio
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Vincent Procaccio
- Department of Genetics, Mitovasc INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Rocio Rius
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | | | - Cas Simons
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Seena Vengalil
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Alban Ziegler
- Department of Genetics, Mitovasc INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - David R Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Reza Maroofian
- UCL London, Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Christodoulou
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Claes Gustafsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Atchayaram Nalini
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michal Minczuk
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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12
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O'Mahony L, O'Shea E, O'Connor E, Tierney A, Dunne N, Harkin M, Harrington J, Tobin K, Kennelly S, Arendt E, O'Toole P, Timmons S. 36 WHAT DO OLDER ADULTS AND HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS LOOK FOR IN A FOOD PRODUCT? Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Mediterranean diet (Medi-diet) has proven benefits for healthy ageing but isn’t the habitual diet of most middle-aged or older adults in Ireland; there can be accessibility and tolerability issues with high amounts of fresh fruit and vegetables. Providing key Medi-diet nutrients in a food product is a novel approach to this challenge. This research aims to explore what ‘younger-old’ adults and healthcare professionals (HCPs) would value in such a novel food product.
Methods
Semi-structured 1:1 interviews and Focus Groups (FGs) were conducted remotely from July 2021 to January 2022. Older adults, defined as over 55’s, were recruited through relevant social, retirement and disease-support groups. Purposive sampling recruited a gender balance and a range of ages and disease profiles. HCPs were recruited through researcher networks and professional associations. Interviews/FGs were recorded, transcribed, and subsequently examined using inductive thematic analysis.
Results
Older adults (n=47; 50% male) were mostly aged 60-69 years (48.9%). Recruited HCPs (n=26) included dieticians (n=8); geriatricians (n=5); therapists (n=4); and nurses, pharmacists, catering managers (community; residential), and meal delivery service coordinators (n=2 each). Participants supported a food product for older adults requiring a nutrient-dense “boost”, or supplementary fibre or protein, but generally preferred a “food-first” approach, as opposed to a “silver bullet” product. Older adults largely associated functional foods with probiotic products “to repair the gut”, something to have “every now and then”. Product texture and portion size should consider changing dentition and appetite, and consider packaging (dexterity) and preparation ease, but should not stigmatize older adults through targeted branding. Participants felt pre-made soups or cake-type bars would be appealing, but not drinks.
Conclusion
A novel food product could supplement a balanced diet for older adults, providing high-protein content, and high-fibre for gut health, complimenting an overall lifestyle approach to health improvement and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- L O'Mahony
- University College Cork Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, , Cork, Ireland
| | - E O'Shea
- University College Cork Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, , Cork, Ireland
| | - E O'Connor
- University of Limerick Department of Biological Sciences, , Limerick, Ireland
- University of Limerick Health Research Institute, , Limerick, Ireland
- University College Cork APC Microbiome Ireland, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, , Cork, Ireland
| | - A Tierney
- University of Limerick School of Allied Health, Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Group, , Limerick, Ireland
| | - N Dunne
- Family Carers Ireland , Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Harkin
- Age & Opportunity , Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Harrington
- University College Cork School of Public Health, , Cork, Ireland
| | - K Tobin
- Munster Technological University Clean Technology Centre, , Cork, Ireland
| | - S Kennelly
- National Primary Care Strategy and Planner, Health Service Executive, Ireland , Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Arendt
- University College Cork School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, , Cork, Ireland
| | - P O'Toole
- University College Cork School of Microbiology, , Cork, Ireland
- University College Cork APC Microbiome Ireland, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, , Cork, Ireland
| | - S Timmons
- University College Cork Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, , Cork, Ireland
- University College Cork APC Microbiome Ireland, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, , Cork, Ireland
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13
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Newman C, Egan AM, Ahern T, Al-Kiyumi M, Bacon S, Bahaeldein E, Balan G, Brassill MJ, Breslin E, Brosnan E, Carmody L, Clarke H, Coogan Kelly C, Culliney L, Davern R, Durkan M, Elhilo K, Cullen E, Fenlon M, Ferry P, Gabir A, Guinan L, Hanlon G, Heffernan M, Higgins T, Hoashi S, Kgosidialwa O, Khamis A, Kinsley B, Kirwan B, James A, Kyithar P, Liew A, Malik I, Matthews L, McGurk C, McHugh C, Moloney Y, Murphy MS, Murphy P, Nagodra D, Noctor E, Nolan M, O'Connor A, O'Connor E, O'Halloran D, O'Mahoney L, O'Shea T, O'Sullivan EP, Peters M, Roberts G, Rooney H, Sharma J, Smyth A, Synnott M, Tarachand B, Tighe M, Todd M, Towers M, Tuthill A, Mahmood W, Yousif O, Dunne FP. Retrospective national cohort study of pregnancy outcomes for women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Republic of Ireland. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 189:109947. [PMID: 35709911 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM Report the outcomes of pregnant women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and to identify modifiable and non-modifiable factors associated with poor outcomes. METHODS Retrospective analysis of pregnancy preparedness, pregnancy care and outcomes in the Republic of Ireland from 2015 to 2020 and subsequent multivariate analysis. RESULTS In total 1104 pregnancies were included. Less than one third attended pre-pregnancy care (PPC), mean first trimester haemoglobin A1c was 7.2 ± 3.6% (55.5 ± 15.7 mmol/mol) and 52% received pre-conceptual folic acid. Poor preparation translated into poorer pregnancy outcomes. Livebirth rates (80%) were comparable to the background population however stillbirth rates were 8.7/1000 (four times the national rate). Congenital anomalies occurred in 42.5/1000 births (1.5 times the background rate). More than half of infants were large for gestational age and 47% were admitted to critical care. Multivariate analyses showed strong associations between non-attendance at PPC, poor glycaemic control and critical care admission (adjusted odds ratio of 1.68 (1.48-1.96) and 1.61 (1.43-1.86), p < 0.05 respectively) for women with type 1 diabetes. Smoking and teratogenic medications were also associated with critical care admission and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. CONCLUSION Pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes are suboptimal. Significant effort is needed to optimize the modifiable factors identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aoife M Egan
- Division of Endocrinology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Tomas Ahern
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co Louth, Republic of Ireland
| | - Maisa Al-Kiyumi
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Siobhan Bacon
- Sligo University Hospital, Co Sligo, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Gabriela Balan
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Mary-Jane Brassill
- South Tipperary General Hospital, Clonmel, Co Tipperary, Republic of Ireland
| | - Emily Breslin
- Sligo University Hospital, Co Sligo, Republic of Ireland
| | | | | | - Hilda Clarke
- Portiuncula University Hospital, Co Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Linda Culliney
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Recie Davern
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Maeve Durkan
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Kalthoom Elhilo
- Portlaoise General Hospital, Portlaoise, Co Laois, Republic of Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Cullen
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Mairead Fenlon
- Wexford General Hospital, Co Wexford, Republic of Ireland
| | - Pauline Ferry
- Letterkenny General Hospital, Letterkenny, Co Donegal, Republic of Ireland
| | - Ahmed Gabir
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Republic of Ireland
| | - Linda Guinan
- South Tipperary General Hospital, Clonmel, Co Tipperary, Republic of Ireland
| | - Geraldine Hanlon
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Republic of Ireland
| | - Marie Heffernan
- South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Tom Higgins
- University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Co Kerry, Republic of Ireland
| | - Shu Hoashi
- Mullingar Regional Hospital, Mullingar, Co Westmeath, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Amjed Khamis
- Letterkenny General Hospital, Letterkenny, Co Donegal, Republic of Ireland
| | - Brendan Kinsley
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Breda Kirwan
- Galway University Hospital, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - Anne James
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co Louth, Republic of Ireland
| | - Pyeh Kyithar
- Portlaoise General Hospital, Portlaoise, Co Laois, Republic of Ireland
| | - Aaron Liew
- Portiuncula University Hospital, Co Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Linda Matthews
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co Louth, Republic of Ireland
| | - Colm McGurk
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Republic of Ireland
| | - Cathy McHugh
- Sligo University Hospital, Co Sligo, Republic of Ireland
| | - Yvonne Moloney
- University of Limerick UL Hospitals Group, Co Limerick, Republic of Ireland
| | - Matt S Murphy
- South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Paula Murphy
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Dina Nagodra
- Portlaoise General Hospital, Portlaoise, Co Laois, Republic of Ireland
| | - Eoin Noctor
- University of Limerick UL Hospitals Group, Co Limerick, Republic of Ireland
| | - Marie Nolan
- University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Co Kerry, Republic of Ireland
| | - Aislong O'Connor
- Letterkenny General Hospital, Letterkenny, Co Donegal, Republic of Ireland
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Portiuncula University Hospital, Co Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Linda O'Mahoney
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Triona O'Shea
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Moby Peters
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Republic of Ireland
| | - Graham Roberts
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Republic of Ireland
| | - Hannorah Rooney
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Republic of Ireland
| | - Jayant Sharma
- Portlaoise General Hospital, Portlaoise, Co Laois, Republic of Ireland
| | - Aoife Smyth
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Maria Synnott
- Portlaoise General Hospital, Portlaoise, Co Laois, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Marie Tighe
- Sligo University Hospital, Co Sligo, Republic of Ireland
| | - Marie Todd
- Mayo University Hospital, Co Mayo, Republic of Ireland
| | - Michael Towers
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Wan Mahmood
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Obada Yousif
- Wexford General Hospital, Co Wexford, Republic of Ireland
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14
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Hughes C, Barron F, O'Sullivan E, O'Connor E. Applying learning from 1st to the 3rd wave of the COVID19 pandemic: nutritional provision in critical care. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022. [PMCID: PMC8937579 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Barron F, Hughes C, O'Sullivan E, Wrenne A, O'Connor E. An analysis of nutrition support in the intensive care unit during the covid19 pandemic. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [PMCID: PMC8629537 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Hughes C, Barron F, O'Sullivan E, Wreene A, O'Connor E. Applying learning from 1st to the 3rd wave of the covid19 pandemic: nutritional provision in critical care. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [PMCID: PMC8629574 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Cairns G, Burté F, Price R, O'Connor E, Toms M, Mishra R, Moosajee M, Pyle A, Sayer JA, Yu-Wai-Man P. A mutant wfs1 zebrafish model of Wolfram syndrome manifesting visual dysfunction and developmental delay. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20491. [PMID: 34650143 PMCID: PMC8516871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99781-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome (WS) is an ultra-rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder defined by early-onset diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy. The majority of patients harbour recessive mutations in the WFS1 gene, which encodes for Wolframin, a transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum protein. There is limited availability of human ocular and brain tissues, and there are few animal models for WS that replicate the neuropathology and clinical phenotype seen in this disorder. We, therefore, characterised two wfs1 zebrafish knockout models harbouring nonsense wfs1a and wfs1b mutations. Both homozygous mutant wfs1a-/- and wfs1b-/- embryos showed significant morphological abnormalities in early development. The wfs1b-/- zebrafish exhibited a more pronounced neurodegenerative phenotype with delayed neuronal development, progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and clear evidence of visual dysfunction on functional testing. At 12 months of age, wfs1b-/- zebrafish had a significantly lower RGC density per 100 μm2 (mean ± standard deviation; 19 ± 1.7) compared with wild-type (WT) zebrafish (25 ± 2.3, p < 0.001). The optokinetic response for wfs1b-/- zebrafish was significantly reduced at 8 and 16 rpm testing speeds at both 4 and 12 months of age compared with WT zebrafish. An upregulation of the unfolded protein response was observed in mutant zebrafish indicative of increased endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mutant wfs1b-/- zebrafish exhibit some of the key features seen in patients with WS, providing a versatile and cost-effective in vivo model that can be used to further investigate the underlying pathophysiology of WS and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cairns
- International Centre for Life, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Interdisciplinary School of Health Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - F Burté
- International Centre for Life, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - R Price
- International Centre for Life, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - E O'Connor
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Toms
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - R Mishra
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Moosajee
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation, Trust, London, UK
| | - A Pyle
- The Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J A Sayer
- International Centre for Life, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - P Yu-Wai-Man
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK. .,John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
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18
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O'Connor E, Mullins M, O'Connor D, Phelan S, Bruzzi J. The relationship between ultrasound microcalcifications and psammoma bodies in thyroid tumours: a single-institution retrospective study. Clin Radiol 2021; 77:e48-e54. [PMID: 34627599 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound microcalcifications for the detection of malignancy in thyroid nodules and determine the validity of the concept that ultrasound microcalcification reflects the presence of psammoma body calcification in thyroid nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS The laboratory information system at University Hospital Galway, a tertiary referral hospital, was used to compile a list of patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy or complete thyroidectomy over a continuous 12-month period with both preoperative ultrasound and postoperative histology available (n=106) from January to December 2019. The haematoxylin and eosin-stained histology slides of each case were sourced and reviewed under light microscopy by a histopathologist to determine the presence of psammoma body calcification within both benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Two radiologists reviewed preoperative thyroid ultrasound images of each case independently and blindly, and reported on the presence of ultrasonographic microcalcification. RESULTS There was a strong and significant relationship between the presence of preoperative ultrasound microcalcification and thyroid malignancy (p<0.001). Ultrasound microcalcification had a high specificity (93%) and positive predictive value (75%) for thyroid malignancy, with a diagnostic accuracy of 76%. Negative predictive value was high at 76.7%, while sensitivity was low at 42.8%. There was a strong and significant association between the presence of preoperative ultrasound microcalcification in thyroid nodules and the presence of pathological psammoma bodies on histology (p<0.001). DISCUSSION Ultrasound microcalcification has a strong and significant association with malignancy in thyroid nodules. This study supported the theory that ultrasound microcalcification occurs secondary to the presence of psammoma bodies within thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O'Connor
- Histopathology Department, University Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, H91 YR71, Ireland.
| | - M Mullins
- Radiology Department, University Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, H91 YR71, Ireland
| | - D O'Connor
- Histopathology Department, University Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, H91 YR71, Ireland
| | - S Phelan
- Histopathology Department, University Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, H91 YR71, Ireland
| | - J Bruzzi
- Radiology Department, University Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, H91 YR71, Ireland
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19
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Petch S, O'Connor E, McGrath A, Daly S. Valsartan exposure in pregnancy with resultant anhydramnios and chronic kidney disease in a late preterm infant. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/5/e240810. [PMID: 34011666 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In utero exposure to angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) has fetotoxic effects including renal failure, oligohydramnios and lung hypoplasia. We present the case of a 24-year-old woman who presented to the maternity services in the 34th week of her first pregnancy. She was taking valsartan for hypertension. Ultrasound showed a structurally normal fetus with anhydramnios. The patient was admitted and valsartan was discontinued. She had spontaneous preterm delivery at 35 weeks' gestation of a baby girl. The baby's urine output was minimal in the first week of life and she was transferred to a paediatric hospital for specialist nephrology input. At 6 months of age, she requires ongoing nephrology follow-up and she remains on treatment for hypertension and anaemia. This case demonstrates the serious adverse effects resulting from ARB exposure in utero, and highlights the importance of avoiding fetotoxic medications in women of childbearing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Petch
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ailbhe McGrath
- Molecular, Genetic and Population Health Science, The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK .,General Paediatrics, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean Daly
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Hathazi D, Cox D, D'Amico A, Tasca G, Charlton R, Carlier RY, Baumann J, Kollipara L, Zahedi RP, Feldmann I, Deleuze JF, Torella A, Cohn R, Robinson E, Ricci F, Jungbluth H, Fattori F, Boland A, O'Connor E, Horvath R, Barresi R, Lochmüller H, Urtizberea A, Jacquemont ML, Nelson I, Swan L, Bonne G, Roos A. INPP5K and SIL1 associated pathologies with overlapping clinical phenotypes converge through dysregulation of PHGDH. Brain 2021; 144:2427-2442. [PMID: 33792664 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome (MSS) is a rare human disorder caused by biallelic mutations in SIL1 characterized by cataracts in infancy, myopathy and ataxia, symptoms that are also associated with a novel disorder caused by mutations in INPP5K. While these phenotypic similarities may suggest commonalties at a molecular level, an overlapping pathomechanism has not been established yet. In this study, we present six new INPP5K patients and expand the current mutational and phenotypical spectrum of the disease showing the clinical overlap between MSS and the INPP5K-phenotype. We applied unbiased proteomic profiling on cells derived from MSS- and INPP5K-patients and identified alterations in D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase as a common molecular feature. D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase modulates the production of L-serine and mutations in this enzyme were previously associated with a neurological phenotype, which clinically overlaps with MSS and INPP5K-disease. As, L-serine administration represents a promising therapeutic strategy for D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase patients, we tested the effect of L-serine in generated sil1, phgdh and inpp5k a + b zebrafish models which showed an improvement in their neuronal phenotype. Thus our study defines a core phenotypical feature underpinning a key common molecular mechanism in three rare diseases and reveals a common and novel therapeutic target for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Hathazi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e. V, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dan Cox
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adele D'Amico
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome Italy
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard Charlton
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert-Yves Carlier
- AP-HP, Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, France.,Inserm U 1179, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
| | - Jennifer Baumann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e. V, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e. V, Dortmund, Germany.,Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ingo Feldmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e. V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jean-Francois Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH) (A.B., J.F.D.), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Annalaura Torella
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy and Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Ronald Cohn
- SickKids Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emily Robinson
- Department of molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fabiana Fattori
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome Italy
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH) (A.B., J.F.D.), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rita Barresi
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Marie-Line Jacquemont
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, Pôle Femme-Mère-Enfant, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Réunion, CHU de La Réunion, La Réunion, France
| | - Isabelle Nelson
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMRS974, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Laura Swan
- Department of molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMRS974, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Roos
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust and King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Medicine, Essen, Germany
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21
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Grande V, Hathazi D, O'Connor E, Marteau T, Schara-Schmidt U, Hentschel A, Gourdon G, Nikolenko N, Lochmüller H, Roos A. Dysregulation of GSK3β-Target Proteins in Skin Fibroblasts of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 (DM1) Patients. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:603-619. [PMID: 33682722 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-200558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common monogenetic muscular disorder of adulthood. This multisystemic disease is caused by CTG repeat expansion in the 3'-untranslated region of the DM1 protein kinase gene called DMPK. DMPK encodes a myosin kinase expressed in skeletal muscle cells and other cellular populations such as smooth muscle cells, neurons and fibroblasts. The resultant expanded (CUG)n RNA transcripts sequester RNA binding factors leading to ubiquitous and persistent splicing deregulation. The accumulation of mutant CUG repeats is linked to increased activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), a highly conserved and ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase with functions in pathways regulating inflammation, metabolism, oncogenesis, neurogenesis and myogenesis. As GSK3β-inhibition ameliorates defects in myogenesis, muscle strength and myotonia in a DM1 mouse model, this kinase represents a key player of DM1 pathobiochemistry and constitutes a promising therapeutic target. To better characterise DM1 patients, and monitor treatment responses, we aimed to define a set of robust disease and severity markers linked to GSK3βby unbiased proteomic profiling utilizing fibroblasts derived from DM1 patients with low (80- 150) and high (2600- 3600) CTG-repeats. Apart from GSK3β increase, we identified dysregulation of nine proteins (CAPN1, CTNNB1, CTPS1, DNMT1, HDAC2, HNRNPH3, MAP2K2, NR3C1, VDAC2) modulated by GSK3β. In silico-based expression studies confirmed expression in neuronal and skeletal muscle cells and revealed a relatively elevated abundance in fibroblasts. The potential impact of each marker in the myopathology of DM1 is discussed based on respective function to inform potential uses as severity markers or for monitoring GSK3β inhibitor treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Grande
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, Duisburg-Essen University, Germany
| | - Denisa Hathazi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V., Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Childrens Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Theo Marteau
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, Duisburg-Essen University, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schara-Schmidt
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, Duisburg-Essen University, Germany
| | - Andreas Hentschel
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Genevieve Gourdon
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Association Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR 974, Paris, France
| | - Nikoletta Nikolenko
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Childrens Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centro Nacional de AnálisisGenómico, Center for Genomic Regulation (CNAG-CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andreas Roos
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, Duisburg-Essen University, Germany.,Childrens Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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22
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Newman C, Egan AM, Ahern T, Al-Kiyumi M, Balan G, Brassill MJ, Brosnan E, Carmody L, Clarke H, Coogan Kelly C, Culliney L, Davern R, Durkan M, Fenlon M, Ferry P, Hanlon G, Higgins T, Hoashi S, Khamis A, Kinsley B, Kirwan B, Kyithar P, Liew A, Matthews L, McGurk C, McHugh C, Murphy MS, Murphy P, Nagodra D, Noctor E, Nolan M, O'Connor E, O'Halloran D, O'Mahoney L, O'Sullivan E, Peters M, Roberts G, Rooney H, Smyth A, Tarachand B, Todd M, Tuthill A, Wan Mahmood WA, Yousif O, Dunne FP. Diabetes care and pregnancy outcomes for women with pregestational diabetes in Ireland. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 173:108685. [PMID: 33548336 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) is associated with adverse outcomes. We aimed to examine pregnancies affected by PGDM; report on these pregnancy outcomes and compare outcomes for patients with type 1 versus type 2 diabetes mellitus; compare our findings to published Irish and United Kingdom (UK) data and identify potential areas for improvement. METHODS Between 2016 and 2018 information on 679 pregnancies from 415 women with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and 244 women with type 2 diabetes was analysed. Data was collected on maternal characteristics; pregnancy preparation; glycaemic control; pregnancy related complications; foetal and maternal outcomes; unscheduled hospitalisations; congenital anomalies and perinatal deaths. RESULTS Only 15.9% of women were adequately prepared for pregnancy. Significant deficits were identified in availability and attendance at pre-pregnancy clinic, use of folic acid, attaining appropriate glycaemic targets and appropriate retinal screening. The majority of pregnancies (n = 567, 83.5%) resulted in a live birth but the large number of infants born large for gestational age (LGA) (n = 280, 49.4%), born prematurely <37 weeks and requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission continue to be significant issues. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective cohort study identifies multiple targets for improvements in the provision of care to women with pre-gestational DM which are likely to translate into better pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Newman
- Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland.
| | - A M Egan
- Division of Endocrinology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - T Ahern
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co Louth, Ireland
| | - M Al-Kiyumi
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Balan
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M J Brassill
- South Tipperary General Hospital, Clonmel, Co Tipperary, Ireland
| | - E Brosnan
- Mayo University Hospital, Castlebar, Co Mayo, Ireland
| | - L Carmody
- Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - H Clarke
- Portiuncula University Hospital, Ballinasloe, Co Galway, Ireland
| | - C Coogan Kelly
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Ireland
| | - L Culliney
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland
| | - R Davern
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Ireland
| | - M Durkan
- Bons Secours Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland
| | - M Fenlon
- Wexford General Hospital, Co Wexford, Ireland
| | - P Ferry
- Letterkenny General Hospital, Letterkenny, Co Donegal, Ireland
| | - G Hanlon
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Ireland
| | - T Higgins
- University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Co Kerry, Ireland
| | - S Hoashi
- Mullingar Regional Hospital, Mullingar, Co Westmeath, Ireland
| | - A Khamis
- Letterkenny General Hospital, Letterkenny, Co Donegal, Ireland
| | - B Kinsley
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Kirwan
- Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - P Kyithar
- Portlaoise General Hospital, Portlaoise, Co Laois, Ireland
| | - A Liew
- Portiuncula University Hospital, Ballinasloe, Co Galway, Ireland
| | - L Matthews
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co Louth, Ireland
| | - C McGurk
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Ireland
| | - C McHugh
- Sligo University Hospital, Co Sligo, Ireland
| | - M S Murphy
- South Infirmary Victoria Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland
| | - P Murphy
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland
| | - D Nagodra
- Portlaoise General Hospital, Portlaoise, Co Laois, Ireland
| | - E Noctor
- Limerick University Hospital, Co Limerick, Ireland
| | - M Nolan
- University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Co Kerry, Ireland
| | - E O'Connor
- Portiuncula University Hospital, Ballinasloe, Co Galway, Ireland
| | - D O'Halloran
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland
| | - L O'Mahoney
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland
| | | | - M Peters
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Ireland
| | - G Roberts
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Ireland
| | - H Rooney
- St Luke's General Hospital, Kilkenny, Co Kilkenny, Ireland
| | - A Smyth
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Tarachand
- University Hospital Waterford, Co Waterford, Ireland
| | - M Todd
- Mayo University Hospital, Castlebar, Co Mayo, Ireland
| | - A Tuthill
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland
| | - W A Wan Mahmood
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - O Yousif
- Wexford General Hospital, Co Wexford, Ireland
| | - F P Dunne
- Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
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23
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Keane KG, Redmond EJ, McIntyre C, O'Connor E, Madden A, O'Connell C, Inder SM, Smyth LG, Thomas AZ, Flynn RJ, Manecksha RP. Does instillation of lidocaine gel following flexible cystoscopy decrease the severity of post procedure symptoms? A randomised controlled trial assessing the efficacy of lidocaine gel post flexible cystoscopy. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 190:1553-1559. [PMID: 33449326 PMCID: PMC7809241 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-020-02458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess whether instillation of lidocaine gel both before and after flexible cystoscopy is more effective at reducing post procedural symptoms than instillation of lidocaine gel pre flexible cystoscopy alone. We hypothesise that inadequate urethral dwell time and dilution of lidocaine gel by the irrigation fluid during flexible cystoscopy limits its anaesthetic efficacy. Only one other study has attempted to reduce bothersome urinary symptoms through an intervention after flexible cystoscopy. Methods This was a randomised controlled trial in which patients were randomised 1:1 to receive lidocaine gel pre and post flexible cystoscopy (treatment) or lidocaine gel pre flexible cystoscopy only (control). Patient-reported outcome measures were used to assess symptoms and quality of life prior to cystoscopy, on day 2 and day 7 post cystoscopy. Result Fifty patients were divided equally between the treatment and control groups. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the groups (p = 1.000). An overall symptoms variable was measured, though no significant difference was found in the distribution of responses between the groups at baseline, 2 or 7 days after the flexible cystoscopy (p = 0.423, 0.651,0.735). In the treatment group, 1 patient (4.0%) presented to a doctor for review following flexible cystoscopy, and 4 patients (16.0%) presented in the control group (p = 0.349). Conclusion Initial study results suggest that post-operative lidocaine does not significantly limit the exacerbation of urinary symptoms following flexible cystoscopy; however, our results are not powered to detect a small difference. We do not recommend a change in practice based on our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Keane
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - E J Redmond
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C McIntyre
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E O'Connor
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Madden
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C O'Connell
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S M Inder
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L G Smyth
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Z Thomas
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R J Flynn
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R P Manecksha
- Department of Urology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Spendiff S, Howarth R, McMacken G, Davey T, Quinlan K, O'Connor E, Slater C, Hettwer S, Mäder A, Roos A, Horvath R, Lochmüller H. Modulation of the Acetylcholine Receptor Clustering Pathway Improves Neuromuscular Junction Structure and Muscle Strength in a Mouse Model of Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 13:594220. [PMID: 33390901 PMCID: PMC7773664 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.594220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a diverse group of inherited neuromuscular disorders characterized by a failure of synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). CMS often present early with fatigable weakness and can be fatal through respiratory complications. The AGRN gene is one of over 30 genes known to harbor mutations causative for CMS. In this study, we aimed to determine if a compound (NT1654), developed to stimulate the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering pathway, would benefit a mouse model of CMS caused by a loss-of-function mutation in Agrn (Agrnnmf380 mouse). Methods:Agrnnmf380 mice received an injection of either NT1654 or vehicle compound daily, with wild-type litter mates used for comparison. Animals were weighed daily and underwent grip strength assessments. After 30 days of treatment animals were sacrificed, and muscles collected. Investigations into NMJ and muscle morphology were performed on collected tissue. Results: While minimal improvements in NMJ ultrastructure were observed with electron microscopy, gross NMJ structure analysis using fluorescent labelling and confocal microscopy revealed extensive postsynaptic improvements in Agrnnmf380 mice with NT1654 administration, with variables frequently returning to wild type levels. An improvement in muscle weight and myofiber characteristics helped increase forelimb grip strength and body weight. Conclusions: We conclude that NT1654 restores NMJ postsynaptic structure and improves muscle strength through normalization of muscle fiber composition and the prevention of atrophy. We hypothesize this occurs through the AChR clustering pathway in Agrnnmf380 mice. Future studies should investigate if this may represent a viable treatment option for patients with CMS, especially those with mutations in proteins of the AChR clustering pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Spendiff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Howarth
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Grace McMacken
- Department of Neurosciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Tracey Davey
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kaitlyn Quinlan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Clarke Slater
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andreas Roos
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Paediatric Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
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25
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26
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Blake A, Collins D, O'Connor E, Bergin C, McLaughlin AM, Martin-Loeches I. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients admitted to ICU with SARS-CoV-2. Med Intensiva 2020; 44:589-590. [PMID: 32425288 PMCID: PMC7229922 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Blake
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Collins
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E O'Connor
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Bergin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A M McLaughlin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - I Martin-Loeches
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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27
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Sullivan R, Yau WY, Chelban V, Rossi S, O'Connor E, Wood NW, Cortese A, Houlden H. RFC1 Intronic Repeat Expansions Absent in Pathologically Confirmed Multiple Systems Atrophy. Mov Disord 2020; 35:1277-1279. [PMID: 32333430 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roisin Sullivan
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wai Yan Yau
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Viorica Chelban
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Salvatore Rossi
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - E O'Connor
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Movement Disorders, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Cortese
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
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28
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Haile-Mariam M, MacLeod IM, Bolormaa S, Schrooten C, O'Connor E, de Jong G, Daetwyler HD, Pryce JE. Value of sharing cow reference population between countries on reliability of genomic prediction for milk yield traits. J Dairy Sci 2019; 103:1711-1728. [PMID: 31864746 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the reliability of genomic prediction (GP) of economic traits in the pasture-based dairy production systems of New Zealand (NZ) and Australia (AU) is important to both countries. This study assessed if sharing cow phenotype and genotype data of NZ and AU improves the reliability of GP for NZ bulls. Data from approximately 32,000 NZ genotyped cows and their contemporaries were included in the May 2018 routine genetic evaluation of the Australian Dairy cattle in an attempt to provide consistent phenotypes for both countries. After the genetic evaluation, deregressed proofs of cows were calculated for milk yield traits. The April 2018 multiple across-country evaluation of Interbull was also used to calculate deregressed proofs for bulls on the NZ scale. Approximately 1,178 Jersey (Jer) and 6,422 Holstein (Hol) bulls had genotype and phenotype data. In addition to NZ cows, phenotype data of close to 60,000 genotyped Australian (AU) cows from the same genetic evaluation run as NZ cows were used. All AU and NZ females were genotyped using low-density SNP chips (<10K SNP) and were imputed first to 50K and then to ∼600K (referred to as high density; HD). We used up to 98,000 animals in the reference populations, both by expanding the NZ reference set (cow, bull, single breed to multi-breed set) and by adding AU cows. Reliabilities of GP were calculated for 508 Jer and 1,251 Hol bulls whose sires are not included in the reference set (RS) to ensure that real differences are not masked by close relationships. The GP was tested using 50K or high-density SNP chip using genomic BLUP in bivariate (considering country as a trait) or single trait models. The RS that gave the highest reliability for each breed were also tested using a hybrid GP method that combines expectation maximization with Bayes R. The addition of the AU cows to an NZ RS that included either NZ cows only, or cows and bulls, improved the reliability of GP for both NZ Hol and Jer validation bulls for all traits. Using single breed reference populations also increased reliability when NZ crossbred cows were added to reference populations that included only purebred NZ bulls and cows and AU cows. The full multi-breed RS (all NZ cows and bulls and AU cows) provided similar reliabilities in NZ Hol bulls, when compared with the single breed reference with crossbred NZ cows. For Jer validation bulls, the RS that included Jer cows and bulls and crossbred cows from NZ and Jer cows from AU was marginally better than the all-breed, all-country RS. In terms of reliability, the advantage of the HD SNP chip was small but captured more of the genomic variance than the 50K, particularly for Hol. The expectation maximization Bayes R GP method was slightly (up to 3 percentage points) better than genomic BLUP. We conclude that GP of milk production traits in NZ bulls improves by up to 7 percentage points in reliability by expanding the NZ reference population to include AU cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haile-Mariam
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - I M MacLeod
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - S Bolormaa
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | | | | | - G de Jong
- CRV, 6800 AL Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - H D Daetwyler
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - J E Pryce
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
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O'Connor E, Phan V, Cordts I, Cairns G, Hettwer S, Cox D, Lochmüller H, Roos A. MYO9A deficiency in motor neurons is associated with reduced neuromuscular agrin secretion. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:1434-1446. [PMID: 29462312 PMCID: PMC5991207 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a group of rare, inherited disorders characterized by compromised function of the neuromuscular junction, manifesting with fatigable muscle weakness. Mutations in MYO9A were previously identified as causative for CMS but the precise pathomechanism remained to be characterized. On the basis of the role of MYO9A as an actin-based molecular motor and as a negative regulator of RhoA, we hypothesized that loss of MYO9A may affect the neuronal cytoskeleton, leading to impaired intracellular transport. To investigate this, we used MYO9A-depleted NSC-34 cells (mouse motor neuron-derived cells), revealing altered expression of a number of cytoskeletal proteins important for neuron structure and intracellular transport. On the basis of these findings, the effect on protein transport was determined using a vesicular recycling assay which revealed impaired recycling of a neuronal growth factor receptor. In addition, an unbiased approach utilizing proteomic profiling of the secretome revealed a key role for defective intracellular transport affecting proper protein secretion in the pathophysiology of MYO9A-related CMS. This also led to the identification of agrin as being affected by the defective transport. Zebrafish with reduced MYO9A orthologue expression were treated with an artificial agrin compound, ameliorating defects in neurite extension and improving motility. In summary, loss of MYO9A affects the neuronal cytoskeleton and leads to impaired transport of proteins, including agrin, which may provide a new and unexpected treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O'Connor
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Vietxuan Phan
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS e.V, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Isabell Cordts
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - George Cairns
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | | | - Daniel Cox
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Andreas Roos
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.,Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS e.V, Dortmund 44227, Germany
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Phan V, Cox D, Cipriani S, Spendiff S, Buchkremer S, O'Connor E, Horvath R, Goebel HH, Hathazi D, Lochmüller H, Straka T, Rudolf R, Weis J, Roos A. SIL1 deficiency causes degenerative changes of peripheral nerves and neuromuscular junctions in fish, mice and human. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 124:218-229. [PMID: 30468864 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marinesco-Sjögren Syndrome (MSS) is a rare neuromuscular condition caused by recessive mutations in the SIL1 gene resulting in the absence of functional SIL1 protein, a co-chaperone for the major ER chaperone, BiP. As BiP is decisive for proper protein processing, loss of SIL1 results in the accumulation of misshaped proteins. This accumulation likely damages and destroys cells in vulnerable tissues, leading to congenital cataracts, cerebellar ataxia, vacuolar myopathy and other MSS phenotypes. Whether the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is affected in MSS has not been conclusively shown. METHODS To study PNS vulnerability in MSS, intramuscular nerves fibres from MSS patients and from SIL1-deficient mice (woozy) as well as sciatic nerves and neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) from these mice have been investigated via transmission electron microscopic and immunofluorescence studies accompanied by transcript studies and unbiased proteomic profiling. In addition, PNS and NMJ integrity were analyzed via immunofluorescence studies in an MSS-zebrafish model which has been generated for that purpose. RESULTS Electron microscopy revealed morphological changes indicative of impaired autophagy and mitochondrial maintenance in distal axons and in Schwann cells. Moreover, changes of the morphology of NMJs as well as of transcripts encoding proteins important for NMJ function were detected in woozy mice. These findings were in line with a grossly abnormal structure of NMJs in SIL1-deficient zebrafish embryos. Proteome profiling of sciatic nerve specimens from woozy mice revealed altered levels of proteins implicated in neuronal maintenance suggesting the activation of compensatory mechanisms. CONCLUSION Taken together, our combined data expand the spectrum of tissues affected by SIL1-loss and suggest that impaired neuromuscular transmission might be part of MSS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vietxuan Phan
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, ISAS, e.V. Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Dan Cox
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Silvia Cipriani
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Department of Neuromotor and Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Stephan Buchkremer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, 52074, Germany.
| | - Emily O'Connor
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. emily.o'
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | | | - Denisa Hathazi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, ISAS, e.V. Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tatjana Straka
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, 52074, Germany.
| | - Andreas Roos
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, ISAS, e.V. Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany; Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, 52074, Germany; Pediatric Neurology, University Childrens Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Medicine, Essen, Germany.
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Wolters M, Volkert D, Streicher M, Kiesswetter E, Torbahn G, O'Connor E, O'Keeffe M, O'Herlihy E, O'Toole P, Timmons S, O'Shea E, Kearney P, van Zwienen-Pot J, Visser M, Maitre I, van Wymelbeke V, Sulmont-Rossé C, Nagel G, Flechtner-Mors M, Teh R, Hebestreit A. Prevalence rates of malnutrition using harmonized definitions in older adults from different settings in Europe and New Zealand – a manuel study. Clin Nutr 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kelly M, Purtill H, Leahy S, Grace M, O'Toole P, O'Herlihy E, O'Connor E. Determinants of malnutrition in older Irish adults. Clin Nutr 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Borhan F, Borhan N, Ahmed S, Varghese L, O'Connor E. Identifying factors that influence the '6-hour target' in the Emergency Department by applying Regression Analysis. Ir Med J 2018; 111:699. [PMID: 29952447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine factors within the Emergency Department (ED) that have maximum influence on the '6-hour target'. METHODS Regression Analysis methodology employed to analyse the influence of 9 ED variables on the '6-hour target' compliance. RESULTS The number of patients waiting to be seen an ED physician at 8pm exerts maximum influence on the '6-hour target' (r = -0.581, p<0.05). CONCLUSION The '6-hour target' compliance rises with lesser number of patients waiting to be seen by an ED physician at 8pm. Also, the '6-hour target' compliance rises by increasing the number of ED Registrar working hours and the number of ED SHO working hours per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Borhan
- Emergency Department, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - N Borhan
- Emergency Department, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - S Ahmed
- Government Health and Human Services Analytics, IBM Watson Health, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - L Varghese
- Emergency Department, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - E O'Connor
- Emergency Department, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
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O'Connor E, Töpf A, Zahedi RP, Spendiff S, Cox D, Roos A, Lochmüller H. Clinical and research strategies for limb-girdle congenital myasthenic syndromes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1412:102-112. [PMID: 29315608 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a group of rare disorders that cause fatigable muscle weakness due to defective signal transmission at the neuromuscular junction, a specialized synapse between peripheral motor neurons and their target muscle fibers. There are now over 30 causative genes that have been reported for CMS. Of these, there are 10 that are associated with a limb-girdle pattern of muscle weakness and are thus classed as LG-CMS. Next-generation sequencing and advanced methods of data sharing are likely to uncover further genes that are associated with similar clinical phenotypes, contributing to better diagnosis and effective treatment of LG-CMS patients. This review highlights clinical and pathological hallmarks of LG-CMS in relation to the underlying genetic defects and pathways. Tailored animal and cell models are essential to elucidate the exact function and pathomechanisms at the neuromuscular synapse that underlie LG-CMS. The integration of genomics and proteomics data derived from these models and patients reveals new and often unexpected insights that are relevant beyond the rare genetic disorder of LG-CMS and may extend to the functioning of mammalian synapses in health and disease more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O'Connor
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ana Töpf
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, ISAS e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Cox
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andreas Roos
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, ISAS e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Wentlandt K, Weiss A, O'Connor E, Kaya E. Palliative and end of life care in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:3008-3019. [PMID: 28976070 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Palliative care is an interprofessional approach that focuses on quality of life of patients who are facing life-threatening illness. Palliative care is consistently associated with improvements in advance care planning, patient and caregiver satisfaction, quality of life, symptom burden, and lower healthcare utilization. Most transplant patients have advanced chronic disease, significant symptom burden, and mortality awaiting transplant. Transplantation introduces new risks including perioperative death, organ rejection, infection, renal insufficiency, and malignancy. Numerous publications over the last decade identify that palliative care is well-suited to support these patients and their caregivers, yet access to palliative care and research within this population are lacking. This review describes palliative care and summarizes existing research supporting palliative intervention in advanced organ failure and transplant populations. A proposed model to provide palliative care in parallel with disease-directed therapy in a transplant program has the potential to improve symptom burden, quality of life, and healthcare utilization. Further studies are needed to elucidate specific benefits of palliative care for this population. In addition, there is a tremendous need for education, specifically for clinicians, patients, and families, to improve understanding of palliative care and its benefits for patients with advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wentlandt
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Weiss
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E O'Connor
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Kaya
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Topf A, Azuma Y, Gorokhova S, O'Connor E, Porter A, Harris E, Evangelista T, Cox D, Lorenzoni P, McMacken G, Bartoli M, McArthur D, Magnusson O, Abicht A, Senderek J, Roos A, Abicht A, Lochmüller H. Next generation sequencing technologies in the genetic diagnosis of congenital myasthenic syndrome. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Niermeyer M, Franchow E, Barron C, Heyrend R, Ray A, Meredith S, Ziemnik R, O'Connor E, Suchy Y. A-07Reported Expressive Suppression in Daily Life is Related to Lower Executive Functioning and Slower Action Planning Among Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acx076.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ziemnik R, Niermeyer M, Nilssen R, Ocanovic Z, Bateman C, O'Connor E, Suchy Y. C-34Expressive Suppression as Predictors of Medication Management in Healthy Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acx076.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Boyle KA, Gutierrez-Mecinas M, Polgár E, Mooney N, O'Connor E, Furuta T, Watanabe M, Todd AJ. A quantitative study of neurochemically defined populations of inhibitory interneurons in the superficial dorsal horn of the mouse spinal cord. Neuroscience 2017; 363:120-133. [PMID: 28860091 PMCID: PMC5648048 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neurochemistry of lamina I–II inhibitory neurons in mouse is similar to that in rat. Five neurochemical classes account for all lamina I–II inhibitory neurons in mouse. Excitatory dynorphin cells are largely restricted to glabrous skin territory.
Around a quarter of neurons in laminae I–II of the dorsal horn are inhibitory interneurons. These play an important role in modulating somatosensory information, including that perceived as pain or itch. Previous studies in rat identified four largely non-overlapping neurochemical populations among these cells, defined by expression of galanin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) or parvalbumin. The galanin cells were subsequently shown to coexpress dynorphin. Several recent studies have used genetically modified mice to investigate the function of different interneuron populations, and it is therefore important to determine whether the same pattern applies in mouse, and to estimate the relative sizes of these populations. We show that the neurochemical organization of inhibitory interneurons in mouse superficial dorsal horn is similar to that in the rat, although a larger proportion of these neurons (33%) express NPY. Between them, these four populations account for ∼75% of inhibitory cells in laminae I–II. Since ∼25% of inhibitory interneurons in this region belong to a novel calretinin-expressing type, our results suggest that virtually all inhibitory interneurons in superficial dorsal horn can be assigned to one of these five neurochemical populations. Although our main focus was inhibitory neurons, we also identified a population of excitatory dynorphin-expressing cells in laminae I–II that are largely restricted to the medial part of the mid-lumbar dorsal horn, corresponding to glabrous skin territory. These findings are important for interpretation of studies using molecular-genetic techniques to manipulate the functions of interneuron populations to investigate their roles in somatosensory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran A Boyle
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Maria Gutierrez-Mecinas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Erika Polgár
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Nicole Mooney
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Andrew J Todd
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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Razali H, O'Connor E, Drews A, Burke T, Westerdahl H. A quantitative and qualitative comparison of illumina MiSeq and 454 amplicon sequencing for genotyping the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in a non-model species. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:346. [PMID: 28754172 PMCID: PMC5534077 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-throughput sequencing enables high-resolution genotyping of extremely duplicated genes. 454 amplicon sequencing (454) has become the standard technique for genotyping the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes in non-model organisms. However, illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing (MiSeq), which offers a much higher read depth, is now superseding 454. The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the performance of MiSeq in relation to 454 for genotyping MHC class I alleles using a house sparrow (Passer domesticus) dataset with pedigree information. House sparrows provide a good study system for this comparison as their MHC class I genes have been studied previously and, consequently, we had prior expectations concerning the number of alleles per individual. Results We found that 454 and MiSeq performed equally well in genotyping amplicons with low diversity, i.e. amplicons from individuals that had fewer than 6 alleles. Although there was a higher rate of failure in the 454 dataset in resolving amplicons with higher diversity (6–9 alleles), the same genotypes were identified by both 454 and MiSeq in 98% of cases. Conclusions We conclude that low diversity amplicons are equally well genotyped using either 454 or MiSeq, but the higher coverage afforded by MiSeq can lead to this approach outperforming 454 in amplicons with higher diversity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2654-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haslina Razali
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Anna Drews
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Terry Burke
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Helena Westerdahl
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
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Biedrzycka A, O'Connor E, Sebastian A, Migalska M, Radwan J, Zając T, Bielański W, Solarz W, Ćmiel A, Westerdahl H. Extreme MHC class I diversity in the sedge warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus); selection patterns and allelic divergence suggest that different genes have different functions. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:159. [PMID: 28679358 PMCID: PMC5497381 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-0997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent work suggests that gene duplications may play an important role in the evolution of immunity genes. Passerine birds, and in particular Sylvioidea warblers, have highly duplicated major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, which are key in immunity, compared to other vertebrates. However, reasons for this high MHC gene copy number are yet unclear. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) allows MHC genotyping even in individuals with extremely duplicated genes. This HTS data can reveal evidence of selection, which may help to unravel the putative functions of different gene copies, i.e. neofunctionalization. We performed exhaustive genotyping of MHC class I in a Sylvioidea warbler, the sedge warbler, Acrocephalus schoenobaenus, using the Illumina MiSeq technique on individuals from a wild study population. Results The MHC diversity in 863 genotyped individuals by far exceeds that of any other bird species described to date. A single individual could carry up to 65 different alleles, a large proportion of which are expressed (transcribed). The MHC alleles were of three different lengths differing in evidence of selection, diversity and divergence within our study population. Alleles without any deletions and alleles containing a 6 bp deletion showed characteristics of classical MHC genes, with evidence of multiple sites subject to positive selection and high sequence divergence. In contrast, alleles containing a 3 bp deletion had no sites subject to positive selection and had low divergence. Conclusions Our results suggest that sedge warbler MHC alleles that either have no deletion, or contain a 6 bp deletion, encode classical antigen presenting MHC molecules. In contrast, MHC alleles containing a 3 bp deletion may encode molecules with a different function. This study demonstrates that highly duplicated MHC genes can be characterised with HTS and that selection patterns can be useful for revealing neofunctionalization. Importantly, our results highlight the need to consider the putative function of different MHC genes in future studies of MHC in relation to disease resistance and fitness. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0997-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Biedrzycka
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Emily O'Connor
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alvaro Sebastian
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Migalska
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Zając
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bielański
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Solarz
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Ćmiel
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Helena Westerdahl
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
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Borhan F, Ahmed S, Varghese L, O'Connor E. A Statistical Methodology to determine factors affecting Patient Experience Time Targets in the Emergency Department. Ir Med J 2017; 110:506. [PMID: 28657283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Borhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Connolly Hospital , Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - S Ahmed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Connolly Hospital , Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - L Varghese
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - E O'Connor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Connolly Hospital , Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
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Di Capua-Sacoto C, Sanchez-Llopis A, O'Connor E, Martinez A, Ruiz-Cerdá JL. Study of the apoptotic effect of urine as a diagnostic biomarker in patients with interstitial cystitis. Actas Urol Esp 2016; 40:570-576. [PMID: 27174573 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main objective of the study was to assess the apoptotic effect of urine from patients with interstitial cystitis (IC) in cell cultures and to study its value as a diagnostic biomarker for IC. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective study was conducted between January 2010 and January 2015 and included 57 patients diagnosed with IC and 50 healthy patients from the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona and the La Paz University Hospital. The urine of these patients was exposed to cell cultures, and its ability to induce apoptosis in the cultures was analysed. Using flow cytometry, we then measured the degree of apoptosis, quantified by the percentage of cells of the cell cycle in phase sub G0. RESULTS The cell cultures exposed to the urine of patients with IC had a sub G1 peak and a G2 phase, which was significantly greater than that of the control group, and a significantly lower percentage in the S phase than the control group. The mean apoptosis values in the urine cultures from patients with IC were significantly higher than those of the control group. Using a value >10% of the apoptosis test as a positive result, we observed a specificity of 96% and a positive predictive value of 92%. CONCLUSIONS The urine of patients with IC exerts an apoptotic effect on tumour cell cultures that is significantly greater than that exerted by the urine of healthy control patients. A≥10% cutoff for the apoptosis test presented very low sensitivity (40%) but had a very high specificity (96%), thereby able to confirm the diagnosis of IC when positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Di Capua-Sacoto
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital La Plana de Villarreal, Castellón, España
| | - A Sanchez-Llopis
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario General de Castellón, Castellón, España.
| | - E O'Connor
- Departamento de Citómica, Instituto de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, España
| | - A Martinez
- Departamento de Citómica, Instituto de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, España
| | - J L Ruiz-Cerdá
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España
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O'Connor E, Töpf A, Müller JS, Cox D, Evangelista T, Colomer J, Abicht A, Senderek J, Hasselmann O, Yaramis A, Laval SH, Lochmüller H. Identification of mutations in the MYO9A gene in patients with congenital myasthenic syndrome. Brain 2016; 139:2143-53. [PMID: 27259756 PMCID: PMC4958899 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital myasthenic syndromes are a group of rare and genetically heterogenous disorders resulting from defects in the structure and function of the neuromuscular junction. Patients with congenital myasthenic syndrome exhibit fatigable muscle weakness with a variety of accompanying phenotypes depending on the protein affected. A cohort of patients with a clinical diagnosis of congenital myasthenic syndrome that lacked a genetic diagnosis underwent whole exome sequencing in order to identify genetic causation. Missense biallelic mutations in the MYO9A gene, encoding an unconventional myosin, were identified in two unrelated families. Depletion of MYO9A in NSC-34 cells revealed a direct effect of MYO9A on neuronal branching and axon guidance. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of the two MYO9A orthologues in zebrafish, myo9aa/ab, demonstrated a requirement for MYO9A in the formation of the neuromuscular junction during development. The morphants displayed shortened and abnormally branched motor axons, lack of movement within the chorion and abnormal swimming in response to tactile stimulation. We therefore conclude that MYO9A deficiency may affect the presynaptic motor axon, manifesting in congenital myasthenic syndrome. These results highlight the involvement of unconventional myosins in motor axon functionality, as well as the need to look outside traditional neuromuscular junction-specific proteins for further congenital myasthenic syndrome candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O'Connor
- 1 John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ana Töpf
- 1 John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Juliane S Müller
- 2 Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Cox
- 1 John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Teresinha Evangelista
- 1 John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jaume Colomer
- 3 Neuromuscular Unit, Neurology Department, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Materno-Infantil Sant Joan de Déu, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Abicht
- 4 Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Senderek
- 4 Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Oswald Hasselmann
- 5 Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, Department of Neuropediatrics, Claudiusstrasse 6, 9006 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ahmet Yaramis
- 6 Paediatric Neurology Unit, Diyarbakır Memorial Hospital, Turkey
| | - Steven H Laval
- 1 John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- 1 John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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Holland RA, Bird BR, Cahill M, Murphy CG, O'Reilly S, O'Connor E, Boyce M, Crotty R. Assessing the quality of life of non–Hodgkin lymphoma survivors: A population-based study. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
227 Background: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma survival in Ireland has improved significantly over recent years. However, little survivorship research has been conducted in this country. The aim of this study is to assess the quality of life (QOL) in an Irish population of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) survivors. Methods: High–grade NHL survivors treated in 2 University Hospitals participated in this cross–sectional study by completing the validated Lymphoma specific Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT–Lym) questionnaire and Symptom Index–18. Scales were measured using a score from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much). Raw data was transformed to linear scores, with high scores indicating a higher level of functioning. Linear regression analysis was used to compare scores according to time since diagnosis. Results: Of 87 questionnaires, 47 were completed and returned by NHL survivors (54% response rate). QOL scores improved from time of diagnosis, with the exception of 4–5 years where scores decreased before again improving in the following years. After adjusting for age and sex, statistically significant differences were identified 5+ years after diagnosis in emotional, functional wellbeing and global FACT-Lym scores when compared to 1-2 years after diagnosis. Conclusions: QOL improves post diagnosis with a transient decrease at year 4-5 which may represent anxiety prior to being declared ‘cured’ or being discharged from follow–up. Our small, mostly private patient population reported higher QOL than larger government insured American groups (Smith et. al. Health status and quality of life among Non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. Cancer. 2009.). Patients reported on–going symptoms after treatment ended. These findings may help to develop a focused cancer survivorship programme in the future. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rory Crotty
- University College Cork School of Medicine, Cork, Ireland
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Hofstra LM, Sauvageot N, Albert J, Alexiev I, Garcia F, Struck D, Van de Vijver DAMC, Åsjö B, Beshkov D, Coughlan S, Descamps D, Griskevicius A, Hamouda O, Horban A, Van Kasteren M, Kolupajeva T, Kostrikis LG, Liitsola K, Linka M, Mor O, Nielsen C, Otelea D, Paraskevis D, Paredes R, Poljak M, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Sönnerborg A, Staneková D, Stanojevic M, Van Laethem K, Zazzi M, Zidovec Lepej S, Boucher CAB, Schmit JC, Wensing AMJ, Puchhammer-Stockl E, Sarcletti M, Schmied B, Geit M, Balluch G, Vandamme AM, Vercauteren J, Derdelinckx I, Sasse A, Bogaert M, Ceunen H, De Roo A, De Wit S, Echahidi F, Fransen K, Goffard JC, Goubau P, Goudeseune E, Yombi JC, Lacor P, Liesnard C, Moutschen M, Pierard D, Rens R, Schrooten Y, Vaira D, Vandekerckhove LPR, Van den Heuvel A, Van Der Gucht B, Van Ranst M, Van Wijngaerden E, Vandercam B, Vekemans M, Verhofstede C, Clumeck N, Van Laethem K, Beshkov D, Alexiev I, Lepej SZ, Begovac J, Kostrikis L, Demetriades I, Kousiappa I, Demetriou V, Hezka J, Linka M, Maly M, Machala L, Nielsen C, Jørgensen LB, Gerstoft J, Mathiesen L, Pedersen C, Nielsen H, Laursen A, Kvinesdal B, Liitsola K, Ristola M, Suni J, Sutinen J, Descamps D, Assoumou L, Castor G, Grude M, Flandre P, Storto A, Hamouda O, Kücherer C, Berg T, Braun P, Poggensee G, Däumer M, Eberle J, Heiken H, Kaiser R, Knechten H, Korn K, Müller H, Neifer S, Schmidt B, Walter H, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Harrer T, Paraskevis D, Hatzakis A, Zavitsanou A, Vassilakis A, Lazanas M, Chini M, Lioni A, Sakka V, Kourkounti S, Paparizos V, Antoniadou A, Papadopoulos A, Poulakou G, Katsarolis I, Protopapas K, Chryssos G, Drimis S, Gargalianos P, Xylomenos G, Lourida G, Psichogiou M, Daikos GL, Sipsas NV, Kontos A, Gamaletsou MN, Koratzanis G, Sambatakou H, Mariolis H, Skoutelis A, Papastamopoulos V, Georgiou O, Panagopoulos P, Maltezos E, Coughlan S, De Gascun C, Byrne C, Duffy M, Bergin C, Reidy D, Farrell G, Lambert J, O'Connor E, Rochford A, Low J, Coakely P, O'Dea S, Hall W, Mor O, Levi I, Chemtob D, Grossman Z, Zazzi M, de Luca A, Balotta C, Riva C, Mussini C, Caramma I, Capetti A, Colombo MC, Rossi C, Prati F, Tramuto F, Vitale F, Ciccozzi M, Angarano G, Rezza G, Kolupajeva T, Vasins O, Griskevicius A, Lipnickiene V, Schmit JC, Struck D, Sauvageot N, Hemmer R, Arendt V, Michaux C, Staub T, Sequin-Devaux C, Wensing AMJ, Boucher CAB, van de Vijver DAMC, van Kessel A, van Bentum PHM, Brinkman K, Connell BJ, van der Ende ME, Hoepelman IM, van Kasteren M, Kuipers M, Langebeek N, Richter C, Santegoets RMWJ, Schrijnders-Gudde L, Schuurman R, van de Ven BJM, Åsjö B, Kran AMB, Ormaasen V, Aavitsland P, Horban A, Stanczak JJ, Stanczak GP, Firlag-Burkacka E, Wiercinska-Drapalo A, Jablonowska E, Maolepsza E, Leszczyszyn-Pynka M, Szata W, Camacho R, Palma C, Borges F, Paixão T, Duque V, Araújo F, Otelea D, Paraschiv S, Tudor AM, Cernat R, Chiriac C, Dumitrescu F, Prisecariu LJ, Stanojevic M, Jevtovic D, Salemovic D, Stanekova D, Habekova M, Chabadová Z, Drobkova T, Bukovinova P, Shunnar A, Truska P, Poljak M, Lunar M, Babic D, Tomazic J, Vidmar L, Vovko T, Karner P, Garcia F, Paredes R, Monge S, Moreno S, Del Amo J, Asensi V, Sirvent JL, de Mendoza C, Delgado R, Gutiérrez F, Berenguer J, Garcia-Bujalance S, Stella N, de Los Santos I, Blanco JR, Dalmau D, Rivero M, Segura F, Elías MJP, Alvarez M, Chueca N, Rodríguez-Martín C, Vidal C, Palomares JC, Viciana I, Viciana P, Cordoba J, Aguilera A, Domingo P, Galindo MJ, Miralles C, Del Pozo MA, Ribera E, Iribarren JA, Ruiz L, de la Torre J, Vidal F, Clotet B, Albert J, Heidarian A, Aperia-Peipke K, Axelsson M, Mild M, Karlsson A, Sönnerborg A, Thalme A, Navér L, Bratt G, Karlsson A, Blaxhult A, Gisslén M, Svennerholm B, Bergbrant I, Björkman P, Säll C, Mellgren Å, Lindholm A, Kuylenstierna N, Montelius R, Azimi F, Johansson B, Carlsson M, Johansson E, Ljungberg B, Ekvall H, Strand A, Mäkitalo S, Öberg S, Holmblad P, Höfer M, Holmberg H, Josefson P, Ryding U. Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 62:655-663. [PMID: 26620652 PMCID: PMC4741360 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmitted human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in Europe is stable at around 8%. The impact of baseline mutation patterns on susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs should be addressed using clinical guidelines. The impact on baseline susceptibility is largest for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Background. Numerous studies have shown that baseline drug resistance patterns may influence the outcome of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, guidelines recommend drug resistance testing to guide the choice of initial regimen. In addition to optimizing individual patient management, these baseline resistance data enable transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to be surveyed for public health purposes. The SPREAD program systematically collects data to gain insight into TDR occurring in Europe since 2001. Methods. Demographic, clinical, and virological data from 4140 antiretroviral-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals from 26 countries who were newly diagnosed between 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. Evidence of TDR was defined using the WHO list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations. Prevalence of TDR was assessed over time by comparing the results to SPREAD data from 2002 to 2007. Baseline susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs was predicted using the Stanford HIVdb program version 7.0. Results. The overall prevalence of TDR did not change significantly over time and was 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.2%–9.5%) in 2008–2010. The most frequent indicators of TDR were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations (4.5%), followed by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations (2.9%) and protease inhibitor mutations (2.0%). Baseline mutations were most predictive of reduced susceptibility to initial NNRTI-based regimens: 4.5% and 6.5% of patient isolates were predicted to have resistance to regimens containing efavirenz or rilpivirine, respectively, independent of current NRTI backbones. Conclusions. Although TDR was highest for NRTIs, the impact of baseline drug resistance patterns on susceptibility was largest for NNRTIs. The prevalence of TDR assessed by epidemiological surveys does not clearly indicate to what degree susceptibility to different drug classes is affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marije Hofstra
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg.,Department of Virology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Albert
- Karolinska Institute, Solna.,Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivailo Alexiev
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Federico Garcia
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Instituto de Investigación IBS Granada; on behalf of Cohorte de Adultos de la Red de Investigación en SIDA, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Danail Beshkov
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Diane Descamps
- AP-HP Groupe hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, IAME INSERM UMR 1137, Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kirsi Liitsola
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marek Linka
- National Reference Laboratory for HIV/AIDS, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Orna Mor
- National HIV Reference Laboratory, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Dan Otelea
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof. dr. Matei Bals", Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Mario Poljak
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovenian HIV/AIDS Reference Centre, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Anders Sönnerborg
- Karolinska Institute, Solna.,Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hernandez RK, Adhia A, Wade SW, O'Connor E, Arellano J, Francis K, Alvrtsyan H, Million RP, Liede A. Prevalence of bone metastases and bone-targeting agent use among solid tumor patients in the United States. Clin Epidemiol 2015; 7:335-45. [PMID: 26229504 PMCID: PMC4514316 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s85496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with bone metastases are at an increased risk of experiencing morbidity due to bone complications, and bone-targeting agents (BTA) are indicated for the prevention of these complications. Population-based estimates of the prevalence of bone metastases associated with solid tumors, and current treatment patterns for these patients, are limited. This study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of bone metastases from solid tumors and to describe recent trends in the use of BTA in the US. Methods We estimated the prevalence of bone metastases in the US in 2012 using data from Medicare fee-for-service and PharMetrics Plus, a large commercial claims database. We evaluated the proportion of patients with bone metastases who were treated with BTA in 2012, timing of initiation of BTA relative to bone metastasis diagnosis, and persistence on BTA, overall and by primary tumor type and treatment. Results There were ~330,000 (168,063 Medicare fee-for-service; 162,239 other) patients aged ≥18 years living with solid tumors and bone metastases in 2012. BTA were used by 43% (Commercial) to 47% (Medicare) of patients in 2012, with the greatest use among breast cancer patients. Over half (Medicare: 57%; Commercial: 53%) of BTA-treated patients initiated BTA after experiencing a bone complication. Conclusion Of the estimated 330,000 solid tumor patients living with bone metastases in the US in 2012, many may have received less than optimal care to prevent bone complications during the calendar year.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sally W Wade
- Wade Outcomes Research and Consulting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Font A, Grimmond CSB, Kotthaus S, Morguí JA, Stockdale C, O'Connor E, Priestman M, Barratt B. Daytime CO2 urban surface fluxes from airborne measurements, eddy-covariance observations and emissions inventory in Greater London. Environ Pollut 2015; 196:98-106. [PMID: 25463702 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Airborne measurements within the urban mixing layer (360 m) over Greater London are used to quantify CO(2) emissions at the meso-scale. Daytime CO(2) fluxes, calculated by the Integrative Mass Boundary Layer (IMBL) method, ranged from 46 to 104 μmol CO(2) m(-2) s(-1) for four days in October 2011. The day-to-day variability of IMBL fluxes is at the same order of magnitude as for surface eddy-covariance fluxes observed in central London. Compared to fluxes derived from emissions inventory, the IMBL method gives both lower (by 37%) and higher (by 19%) estimates. The sources of uncertainty of applying the IMBL method in urban areas are discussed and guidance for future studies is given.
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Doherty M, O'Connor E, Hannon D, O'Reilly A, Grogan L, Hennessy B, Breathnach O, Morris P. Effect of Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) on Outcome Following Chemotherapy for Advanced Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.08.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Doherty M, Keenan L, McHugh J, O'Brien M, O'Reilly A, Reilly C, Hannan E, De Golden PH, O'Connor E, Hannon D, Tierney N, Henderson R, Doyle P, McHugh C, Grogan W, Hennessy B, Morris P, Breathnach O. Patterns of Treatment and Rates of Admission in a Specialist Oncology Clinic. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu353.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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