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Lee J, An HS, Shin HJ, Jang HM, Im CO, Jeong Y, Eum K, Yoon S, Lee SJ, Jeong EA, Kim KE, Roh GS. Intermittent Fasting Reduces Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Downregulating Lipocalin-2 and Galectin-3. Nutrients 2024; 16:159. [PMID: 38201988 PMCID: PMC10780385 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF), an alternating pattern of dietary restriction, reduces obesity-induced insulin resistance and inflammation. However, the crosstalk between adipose tissue and the hippocampus in diabetic encephalopathy is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the protective effects of IF against neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice. Histological analysis revealed that IF reduced crown-like structures and adipocyte apoptosis in the adipose tissue of HFD mice. In addition to circulating lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and galectin-3 (GAL3) levels, IF reduced HFD-induced increases in LCN2- and GAL3-positive macrophages in adipose tissue. IF also improved HFD-induced memory deficits by inhibiting blood-brain barrier breakdown and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, immunofluorescence showed that IF reduced HFD-induced astrocytic LCN2 and microglial GAL3 protein expression in the hippocampus of HFD mice. These findings indicate that HFD-induced adipocyte apoptosis and macrophage infiltration may play a critical role in glial activation and that IF reduces neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment by protecting against blood-brain barrier leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Hye Min Jang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Chae Oh Im
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (C.O.I.); (Y.J.); (K.E.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yeonjun Jeong
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (C.O.I.); (Y.J.); (K.E.); (S.Y.)
| | - Kibaek Eum
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (C.O.I.); (Y.J.); (K.E.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sejeong Yoon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (C.O.I.); (Y.J.); (K.E.); (S.Y.)
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (H.S.A.); (H.J.S.); (H.M.J.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.)
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Lee JY, Jeong EA, Lee J, Shin HJ, Lee SJ, An HS, Kim KE, Kim WH, Bae YC, Kang H, Roh GS. TonEBP Haploinsufficiency Attenuates Microglial Activation and Memory Deficits in Middle-Aged and Amyloid β Oligomer-Treated Mice. Cells 2023; 12:2612. [PMID: 37998347 PMCID: PMC10670066 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related microglial activation is associated with cognitive impairment. Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP) is a critical mediator of microglial activation in response to neuroinflammation. However, the precise role of TonEBP in the middle-aged brain is not yet known. We used TonEBP haploinsufficient mice to investigate the role of TonEBP in middle-aged or amyloid β oligomer (AβO)-injected brains and examined the effect of TonEBP knockdown on AβO-treated BV2 microglial cells. Consistent with an increase in microglial activation with aging, hippocampal TonEBP expression levels were increased in middle-aged (12-month-old) and old (24-month-old) mice compared with young (6-month-old) mice. Middle-aged TonEBP haploinsufficient mice showed reduced microglial activation and fewer memory deficits than wild-type mice. Electron microscopy revealed that synaptic pruning by microglial processes was reduced by TonEBP haploinsufficiency. TonEBP haploinsufficiency also reduced dendritic spine loss and improved memory deficits in AβO-treated mice. Furthermore, TonEBP knockdown attenuated migration and phagocytosis in AβO-treated BV2 cells. These findings suggest that TonEBP plays important roles in age-related microglial activation and memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Won-Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea;
| | - Heeyoung Kang
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
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Kim KE, Shin HJ, Ju Y, Jung Y, An HS, Lee SJ, Jeong EA, Lee J, Hwang GS, Roh GS. Intermittent Fasting Attenuates Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis by Enhancing the Hepatic Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:4574. [PMID: 37960230 PMCID: PMC10649202 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An intermittent fasting (IF) regimen has been shown to protect against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). However, the precise mechanism remains unclear. Here, we explored how IF reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in mice with MASH. The mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 30 weeks and either continued on the HFD or were subjected to IF for the final 22 weeks. IF reduced body weight, insulin resistance, and hepatic lipid accumulation in HFD-fed mice. Lipidome analysis revealed that IF modified HFD-induced hepatic lipid composition. In particular, HFD-induced impaired autophagic flux was reversed by IF. The decreased hepatic lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 level in HFD-fed mice was upregulated in HFD+IF-fed mice. However, increased hepatic lysosomal acid lipase protein levels in HFD-fed mice were reduced by IF. IF attenuated HFD-induced hepatic inflammation and galectin-3-positive Kupffer cells. In addition to the increases in hepatic hydroxyproline and lumican levels, lipocalin-2-mediated signaling was reversed in HFD-fed mice by IF. Taken together, our findings indicate that the enhancement of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway may be a critical mechanism of MASH reduction by IF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (K.E.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (K.E.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Yeajin Ju
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.J.)
| | - Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.J.)
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (K.E.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (K.E.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (K.E.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (K.E.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.J.)
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (K.E.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (S.J.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.)
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Shin HJ, Kim KE, Jeong EA, An HS, Lee SJ, Lee J, Roh GS. Amyloid β oligomer promotes microglial galectin-3 and astrocytic lipocalin-2 levels in the hippocampus of mice fed a high-fat diet. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 667:10-17. [PMID: 37201358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Activation of glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, is crucial for the development of neuroinflammation in both diabetes and AD. The role of amyloid-beta oligomer (AβO) in the hippocampus of diabetic mice has been investigated; however, the effect of galectin-3 and lipocalin-2 (LCN2) on amyloid toxicity-related glial activation in diabetic mice is not known. To fill this knowledge gap, we fed mice a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks to induce a diabetic state and then injected the hippocampus with AβO. Sholl analysis of iba-1-positive microglia showed retraction of microglial ramifications in the hippocampus of HFD-fed diabetic mice. AβO treatment caused more retraction of microglial process in HFD-fed mice. In particular, microglial galectin-3 levels and astrocytic LCN2 levels were increased in the hippocampus of HFD-fed mice with AβO treatment. These findings suggest that galectin-3 and LCN2 are involved in amyloid toxicity mechanisms, especially glial activation under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
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An HS, Lee J, Lee SJ, Jeong EA, Shin HJ, Kim KE, Roh GS. Lipocalin-2 deletion attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation via downregulating chemotaxis-related genes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 652:14-21. [PMID: 36806084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute phase protein used as a biomarker for acute lung injury (ALI). Although the innate immune functions of LCN2 have been studied, how LCN2 contributes to ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of LCN2 deletion on LPS-induced ALI using RNA-sequencing. LPS-treated LCN2 knockout (KO) mice had a decreased histopathological score and reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in lung tissue compared with LPS-treated WT mice. RNA-sequencing analysis identified 38 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including Cxcl5, Cxcl13, Xcl1, Saa1, and Cd14. In particular, Gene Ontology analysis of DEGs revealed a significant reduction in the inflammatory response, neutrophil chemotaxis, and chemokine-mediated signaling in LPS-treated LCN2KO mice compared with LPS-treated WT mice. Thus, these results suggest that LCN2 deletion alleviates LPS-induced ALI and that LCN2 may be involved in chemotaxis-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
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Kim KE, Lee J, Shin HJ, Jeong EA, Jang HM, Ahn YJ, An HS, Lee JY, Shin MC, Kim SK, Yoo WG, Kim WH, Roh GS. Lipocalin-2 activates hepatic stellate cells and promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in high-fat diet-fed Ob/Ob mice. Hepatology 2023; 77:888-901. [PMID: 35560370 PMCID: PMC9936980 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, leptin promotes insulin resistance and contributes to the progression of NASH via activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). However, the pathogenic mechanisms that trigger HSC activation in leptin-deficient obesity are still unknown. This study aimed to determine how HSC-targeting lipocalin-2 (LCN2) mediates the transition from simple steatosis to NASH. APPROACH AND RESULTS Male wild-type (WT) and ob/ob mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks to establish an animal model of NASH with fibrosis. Ob/ob mice were subject to caloric restriction or recombinant leptin treatment. Double knockout (DKO) mice lacking both leptin and lcn2 were also fed an HFD for 20 weeks. In addition, HFD-fed ob/ob mice were treated with gadolinium trichloride to deplete Kupffer cells. The LX-2 human HSCs and primary HSCs from ob/ob mice were used to investigate the effects of LCN2 on HSC activation. Serum and hepatic LCN2 expression levels were prominently increased in HFD-fed ob/ob mice compared with normal diet-fed ob/ob mice or HFD-fed WT mice, and these changes were closely linked to liver fibrosis and increased hepatic α-SMA/matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein levels. HFD-fed DKO mice showed a marked reduction of α-SMA protein compared with HFD-fed ob/ob mice. In particular, the colocalization of LCN2 and α-SMA was increased in HSCs from HFD-fed ob/ob mice. In primary HSCs from ob/ob mice, exogenous LCN2 treatment induced HSC activation and MMP9 secretion. By contrast, LCN2 receptor 24p3R deficiency or a STAT3 inhibitor reduced the activation and migration of primary HSCs. CONCLUSIONS LCN2 acts as a key mediator of HSC activation in leptin-deficient obesity via α-SMA/MMP9/STAT3 signaling, thereby exacerbating NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Jang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Ahn
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy , Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Yoo
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases , Center for Biomedical Sciences , Korea National Institute of Health , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science , College of Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
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An HS, Yoo JW, Jeong JH, Heo M, Hwang SH, Jang HM, Jeong EA, Lee J, Shin HJ, Kim KE, Shin MC, Roh GS. Lipocalin-2 promotes acute lung inflammation and oxidative stress by enhancing macrophage iron accumulation. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:1163-1177. [PMID: 36923935 PMCID: PMC10008694 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that regulates inflammatory responses to bacteria or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Although the bacteriostatic role of LCN2 is well studied, the function of LCN2 in acute lung damage remains unclear. Here, LCN2 knockout (KO) mice were used to investigate the role of LCN2 in LPS-treated mice with or without recombinant LCN2 (rLCN2). In addition, we employed patients with pneumonia. RAW264.7 cells were given LCN2 inhibition or rLCN2 with or without iron chelator deferiprone. LCN2 KO mice had a higher survival rate than wild-type (WT) mice after LPS treatment. In addition to elevated LCN2 levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), LPS treatment also increased LCN2 protein in alveolar macrophage lysates of BALF. LCN2 deletion attenuated neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in the lungs of LPS-treated mice as well as serum and BALF interleukin-6 (IL-6). Circulating proinflammatory cytokines and LCN2-positive macrophages were prominently increased in the BALF of pneumonia patients. In addition to increase of iron-stained macrophages in pneumonia patients, increased iron-stained macrophages and oxidative stress in LPS-treated mice were inhibited by LCN2 deletion. In contrast, rLCN2 pretreatment aggravated lung inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-treated WT mice and then resulted in higher mortality. In RAW264.7 cells, exogenous LCN2 treatment also increased inflammation and oxidative stress, whereas LCN2 knockdown markedly diminished these effects. Furthermore, deferiprone inhibited inflammation, oxidative stress, and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells with high LCN2 levels, as well as LPS-induced acute lung injury in WT and LCN2 KO mice. Thus, these findings suggest that LCN2 plays a key role in inflammation and oxidative stress following acute lung injury and that LCN2 is a potential therapeutic target for pneumonia or acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wan Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwan Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Manbong Heo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hwan Hwang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Jang
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- ✉ Corresponding author: Gu Seob Roh, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 15, 816 Beon-gil, Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82-55-772-8035, E-mail:
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Shin HJ, Jin Z, An HS, Park G, Lee JY, Lee SJ, Jang HM, Jeong EA, Kim KE, Lee J, Yoo DY, Roh GS. Lipocalin-2 Deficiency Reduces Hepatic and Hippocampal Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-2 Expressions in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070878. [PMID: 35884685 PMCID: PMC9312821 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that has been linked to insulin resistance, diabetes, and neuroinflammatory diseases. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) has been also implicated in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. However, the potential role of LCN2 on TREM2 in diabetic mouse models is not fully understood. Methods: We investigated hepatic and hippocampal TREM2 expressions in high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic LCN2 knockout (KO) mice. Results: In addition to increased serum LCN2 level, diabetic wild-type (WT) mice had insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. However, LCN2 deletion attenuated these metabolic parameters in diabetic mice. We also found that LCN2 deletion reduced hepatic inflammation and microglial activation in diabetic mice. In particular, diabetic LCN2 KO mice had a reduction in hepatic and hippocampal TREM2 expressions compared with diabetic WT mice. Furthermore, we found that many TREM2-positive Kupffer cells and microglia in diabetic WT mice were reduced through LCN2 deletion. Conclusions: These findings indicate that LCN2 may promote hepatic inflammation and microglial activation via upregulation of TREM2 in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (Z.J.); (G.P.)
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Gyeongah Park
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (Z.J.); (G.P.)
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Hye Min Jang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.J.S.); (H.S.A.); (J.Y.L.); (S.J.L.); (H.M.J.); (E.A.J.); (K.E.K.); (J.L.); (D.Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-8035
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Omar Elashkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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Jang HM, Lee JY, An HS, Ahn YJ, Jeong EA, Shin HJ, Kim KE, Lee J, Koh JS, Roh GS. LCN2 deficiency ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 588:8-14. [PMID: 34933182 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer drug with the side effect of irreparable cardiomyopathy. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) has been identified as an important regulator of oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular disease pathophysiology. Here, we demonstrate that LCN2 deletion increases autophagic flux in the DOX-treated hearts. Mice were injected intraperitoneally six times with 30 mg/kg DOX. Echocardiography showed that DOX-treated wild-type (WT) mice had markedly weaker cardiac function compared to saline-treated WT mice. In DOX-treated LCN2 knockout (KO) mice, cardiac function was partially restored. Histological analysis showed a reduction in cardiomyocyte diameter in DOX-treated WT mice that was ameliorated in DOX-treated LCN2KO mice. Cardiac levels of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, LCN2, heme oxygenase-1, and NAD (P) H dehydrogenase were markedly greater in DOX-treated WT mice than in DOX-treated LCN2KO mice. Light chain 3B (LC3B)II expression was higher in DOX-treated WT mice, but lower in DOX-treated LCN2KO mice when compared to saline-treated WT mice. Less co-localization of LC3B and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 was observed in DOX-treated WT mice than in DOX-treated LCN2KO mice. LCN2 co-localized with LC3B-stained cells in the DOX-treated WT mouse heart, but not in the DOX-treated LCN2KO mouse heart. These findings indicate that the cardiotoxic effect of DOX is due to autophagosome accumulation mediated by LCN2 upregulation and that LCN2 may inhibit autophagic flux, leading to DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Min Jang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Ahn
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Jin Sin Koh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea.
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Jeong EA, Lee J, Shin HJ, Lee JY, Kim KE, An HS, Kim DR, Choi KY, Lee KH, Roh GS. Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein promotes diabetic neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment via upregulation of lipocalin-2. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:278. [PMID: 34844610 PMCID: PMC8628424 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic individuals have increased circulating inflammatory mediators which are implicated as underlying causes of neuroinflammation and memory deficits. Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP) promotes diabetic neuroinflammation. However, the precise role of TonEBP in the diabetic brain is not fully understood. Methods We employed a high-fat diet (HFD)-only fed mice or HFD/streptozotocin (STZ)-treated mice in our diabetic mouse models. Circulating TonEBP and lipocalin-2 (LCN2) levels were measured in type 2 diabetic subjects. TonEBP haploinsufficient mice were used to investigate the role of TonEBP in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice. In addition, RAW 264.7 macrophages were given a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/high glucose (HG) treatment. Using a siRNA, we examined the effects of TonEBP knockdown on RAW264 cell’ medium/HG-treated mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. Results Circulating TonEBP and LCN2 levels were higher in experimental diabetic mice or type 2 diabetic patients with cognitive impairment. TonEBP haploinsufficiency ameliorated the diabetic phenotypes including adipose tissue macrophage infiltrations, neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier leakage, and memory deficits. Systemic and hippocampal LCN2 proteins were reduced in diabetic mice by TonEBP haploinsufficiency. TonEBP (+ / −) mice had a reduction of hippocampal heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression compared to diabetic wild-type mice. In particular, we found that TonEBP bound to the LCN2 promoter in the diabetic hippocampus, and this binding was abolished by TonEBP haploinsufficiency. Furthermore, TonEBP knockdown attenuated LCN2 expression in lipopolysaccharide/high glucose-treated mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. Conclusions These findings indicate that TonEBP may promote neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment via upregulation of LCN2 in diabetic mice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02331-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yeong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea. .,Aging Neuroscience Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
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Park G, Lee JY, Han HM, An HS, Jin Z, Jeong EA, Kim KE, Shin HJ, Lee J, Kang D, Kim HJ, Bae YC, Roh GS. Ablation of dynamin-related protein 1 promotes diabetes-induced synaptic injury in the hippocampus. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:445. [PMID: 33953167 PMCID: PMC8099876 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03723-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with synaptic injury in the diabetic brain. However, the dysfunctional mitochondria by Drp1 deletion in the diabetic brain are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of neuron-specific Drp1 deletion on synaptic damage and mitophagy in the hippocampus of a high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice exhibited metabolic disturbances and synaptic damages. Floxed Drp1 mice were crossed with Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα)-Cre mice, to generate neuron-specific Drp1 knockout (Drp1cKO) mice, which showed marked mitochondrial swelling and dendritic spine loss in hippocampal neurons. In particular, diabetic Drp1cKO mice exhibited an increase in dendritic spine loss and higher levels of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation compared with diabetic wild-type (WT) mice. Diabetic WT mice generally displayed increased Drp1-induced small mitochondrial morphology in hippocampal neurons, but large mitochondria were prominently observed in diabetic Drp1cKO mice. The levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3 and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 proteins were significantly increased in the hippocampus of diabetic Drp1cKO mice compared with diabetic WT mice. The inhibition of Drp1 adversely promotes synaptic injury and neurodegeneration in the diabetic brain. The findings suggest that the exploratory mechanisms behind Drp1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction could provide a possible therapeutic target for diabetic brain complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongah Park
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.267301.10000 0004 0386 9246Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Han
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944 South Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.267301.10000 0004 0386 9246Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Dawon Kang
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Kim
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944 South Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea ,grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727 Republic of Korea
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Jin Z, Kim KE, Shin HJ, Jeong EA, Park KA, Lee JY, An HS, Choi EB, Jeong JH, Kwak W, Roh GS. Hippocampal Lipocalin 2 Is Associated With Neuroinflammation and Iron-Related Oxidative Stress in ob/ob Mice. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:530-541. [PMID: 32296847 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity causes brain injuries with inflammatory and structural changes, leading to neurodegeneration. Although increased circulating lipocalin 2 (LCN2) level has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, the precise mechanism of neurodegeneration in obesity is not clear. Here, we investigated whether LCN2-mediated signaling promotes neurodegeneration in the hippocampus of leptin-deficient ob/ob mice, which are characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and neuroinflammation. In particular, there was significant upregulation of both LCN2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 levels from serum and hippocampus in ob/ob mice. Using RNA-seq analysis, we found that neurodegeneration- sortilin-related receptor 1 (Sorl1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) genes were significantly reduced in the hippocampus of ob/ob mice. We additionally found that the endosome-related WD repeat and FYVE-domain-containing 1 (Wdfy1) gene were upregulated in ob/ob mice. In particular, iron overload-related mitochondrial ferritin and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins were increased in the hippocampus of ob/ob. Thus, these findings indicate that iron-binding protein LCN2-mediated oxidative stress promotes neurodegeneration in ob/ob mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Eun Bee Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Jae Hun Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
| | - Woori Kwak
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR).,C&K Genomics, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea (ZJ, KEK, HJS, EAJ, K-AP, JYL, HSA, EBC, JHJ, WK, GSR)
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14
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Jeong JH, Choi EB, Jang HM, Ahn YJ, An HS, Lee JY, Park G, Jeong EA, Shin HJ, Lee J, Kim KE, Roh GS. The Role of SHIP1 on Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Adipose Tissue of Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197225. [PMID: 33007882 PMCID: PMC7582772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced adipocyte apoptosis promotes inflammation and insulin resistance. Src homology domain-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) is a key factor of apoptosis and inflammation. However, the role of SHIP1 in obesity-induced adipocyte apoptosis and autophagy is unclear. We found that diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice have significantly greater crown-like structures and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells than ob/ob or control mice. Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis, we identified that the apoptosis- and inflammation-related gene Ship1 is upregulated in DIO and ob/ob mice compared with control mice. In particular, DIO mice had more SHIP1-positive macrophages and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) as well as a higher B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax)/Bcl-2 ratio compared with ob/ob or control mice. Furthermore, caloric restriction attenuated adipose tissue inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy by reversing increases in SHIP1-associated macrophages, Bax/Bcl2-ratio, and autophagy in DIO and ob/ob mice. These results demonstrate that DIO, not ob/ob, aggravates adipocyte inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy due to differential SHIP1 expression. The evidence of decreased SHIP1-mediated inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy indicates new therapeutic approaches for obesity-induced chronic inflammatory diseases.
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15
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An HS, Lee JY, Choi EB, Jeong EA, Shin HJ, Kim KE, Park KA, Jin Z, Lee JE, Koh JS, Kwak W, Kim WH, Roh GS. Caloric restriction reverses left ventricular hypertrophy through the regulation of cardiac iron homeostasis in impaired leptin signaling mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7176. [PMID: 32346034 PMCID: PMC7188880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin-deficient and leptin-resistant mice manifest obesity, insulin resistance, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH); however, LVH’s mechanisms are not fully understood. Cardiac iron dysregulation has been recently implicated in cardiomyopathy. Here we investigated the protective effects of caloric restriction on cardiac remodeling in impaired leptin signaling obese mice. RNA-seq analysis was performed to assess the differential gene expressions in the heart of wild-type and ob/ob mice. In particular, to investigate the roles of caloric restriction on iron homeostasis-related gene expressions, 10-week-old ob/ob and db/db mice were assigned to ad libitum or calorie-restricted diets for 12 weeks. Male ob/ob mice exhibited LVH, cardiac inflammation, and oxidative stress. Using RNA-seq analysis, we identified that an iron uptake-associated gene, transferrin receptor, was upregulated in obese ob/ob mice with LVH. Caloric restriction attenuated myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress in ob/ob and db/db mice. Furthermore, we found that caloric restriction reversed iron homeostasis-related lipocalin 2, divalent metal transporter 1, transferrin receptor, ferritin, ferroportin, and hepcidin expressions in the heart of ob/ob and db/db mice. These findings demonstrate that the cardioprotective effects of caloric restriction result from the cellular regulation of iron homeostasis, thereby decreasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiac remodeling. We suggest that decreasing iron-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation offers new therapeutic approaches for obesity-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Bee Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sin Koh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Woori Kwak
- C&K genomics, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea. .,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Park KA, Jin Z, An HS, Lee JY, Jeong EA, Choi EB, Kim KE, Shin HJ, Lee JE, Roh GS. Effects of caloric restriction on the expression of lipocalin-2 and its receptor in the brown adipose tissue of high-fat diet-fed mice. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 23:335-344. [PMID: 31496871 PMCID: PMC6717793 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.5.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity causes inflammation and impairs thermogenic functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT). The adipokine lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been implicated in inflammation and obesity. Herein, we investigated the protective effects of caloric restriction (CR) on LCN2-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress in the BAT of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Mice were fed a HFD for 20 weeks and then either continued on the HFD or subjected to CR for the next 12 weeks. CR led to the browning of the white fat-like phenotype in HFD-fed mice. Increased expressions of LCN2 and its receptor in the BAT of HFD-fed mice were significantly attenuated by CR. Additionally, HFD+CR-fed mice had fewer neutrophils and macrophages expressing LCN2 and iron-positive cells than HFD-fed mice. Further, oxidative stress and mitochondrial fission induced by a HFD were also significantly attenuated by CR. Our findings indicate that the protective effects of CR on inflammation and oxidative stress in the BAT of obese mice may be associated with regulation of LCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Eun Bee Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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17
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Kim KE, Jeong EA, Shin HJ, Lee JY, Choi EB, An HS, Park KA, Jin Z, Lee DK, Horvath TL, Roh GS. Effects of myeloid sirtuin 1 deficiency on hypothalamic neurogranin in mice fed a high-fat diet. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:123-129. [PMID: 30471862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamic inflammation has been known as a contributor to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance and obesity. Myeloid-specific sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deletion aggravates insulin resistance and hypothalamic inflammation in HFD-fed mice. Neurogranin, a calmodulin-binding protein, is expressed in the hypothalamus. However, the effects of myeloid SIRT1 deletion on hypothalamic neurogranin has not been fully clarified. To investigate the effect of myeloid SIRT1 deletion on food intake and hypothalamic neurogranin expression, mice were fed a HFD for 20 weeks. Myeloid SIRT1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited higher food intake, weight gain, and lower expression of anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin in the arcuate nucleus than WT mice. In particular, KO mice had lower ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)-specific neurogranin expression. However, SIRT1 deletion reduced HFD-induced hypothalamic neurogranin. Furthermore, hypothalamic phosphorylated AMPK and parvalbumin protein levels were also lower in HFD-fed KO mice than in HFD-fed WT mice. Thus, these findings suggest that myeloid SIRT1 deletion affects food intake through VMH-specific neurogranin-mediated AMPK signaling and hypothalamic inflammation in mice fed a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Bee Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kun Lee
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52777, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Choi BH, Jin Z, Yi CO, Oh J, Jeong EA, Lee JY, Park KA, Kim KE, Lee JE, Kim HJ, Hahm JR, Roh GS. Effects of lobeglitazone on insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200336. [PMID: 29979770 PMCID: PMC6034891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lobeglitazone (Lobe) is a novel thiazolidinedione antidiabetic drug that reduces insulin resistance by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). However, the exact mechanisms of antidiabetic effects of Lobe have not been established in an animal model. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of Lobe and investigate possible factors involved in Lobe-enhanced hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Mice were fed an HFD for 15 weeks. Lobe was administrated orally during the last 9 weeks. Lobe treatment significantly reduced insulin resistance and increased expression of hepatic glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and PPARs in HFD-fed mice. However, increased body weight and hepatic steatosis were not reduced by Lobe in these mice. Metabolomics fingerprinting showed that several lipogenesis-related hepatic and serum metabolites in HFD-fed mice had positive or negative correlations with Lobe administration. In particular, increased leptin levels during HFD were further increased by Lobe. HFD-induced signaling transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in the hypothalamus was increased by Lobe. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis showed more proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-positive neurons in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice (with or without Lobe) compared with normal diet-fed mice. Despite improving leptin signaling in the hypothalamus and enhancing insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed mice, Lobe increased body weight and steatosis. Further research is necessary regarding other factors affecting Lobe-enhanced hepatic steatosis and hyperphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Hoi Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chin-ok Yi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhong Oh
- EZmass Co., Ltd., Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-ah Park
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- EZmass Co., Ltd., Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ryeal Hahm
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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19
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Jin Z, Jung Y, Yi CO, Lee JY, Jeong EA, Lee JE, Park KJ, Kwon OY, Lim BH, Choi NC, Roh GS. Atorvastatin pretreatment attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal neuronal death via regulation of lipocalin-2-associated neuroinflammation. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 22:301-309. [PMID: 29719452 PMCID: PMC5928343 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.3.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Statins mediate vascular protection and reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Recent work indicates that statins have anticonvulsive effects in the brain; however, little is known about the precise mechanism for its protective effect in kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures. Here, we investigated the protective effects of atorvastatin pretreatment on KA-induced neuroinflammation and hippocampal cell death. Mice were treated via intragastric administration of atorvastatin for 7 days, injected with KA, and then sacrificed after 24 h. We observed that atorvastatin pretreatment reduced KA-induced seizure activity, hippocampal cell death, and neuroinflammation. Atorvastatin pretreatment also inhibited KA-induced lipocalin-2 expression in the hippocampus and attenuated KA-induced hippocampal cyclooxygenase-2 expression and glial activation. Moreover, AKT phosphorylation in KA-treated hippocampus was inhibited by atorvastatin pretreatment. These findings suggest that atorvastatin pretreatment may protect hippocampal neurons during seizures by controlling lipocalin-2-associated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Yohan Jung
- Department of Neurology, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Changwon 51394, Korea
| | - Chin-Ok Yi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Park
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Oh-Young Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Byeong Hoon Lim
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Nack-Cheon Choi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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20
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Park YS, Jin Z, Jeong EA, Yi CO, Lee JY, Park IS, Roh GS. Cilostazol attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal cell death. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 22:63-70. [PMID: 29302213 PMCID: PMC5746513 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.1.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cilostazol is a selective inhibitor of type 3 phosphodiesterase (PDE3) and has been widely used as an antiplatelet agent. Cilostazol mediates this activity through effects on the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling cascade. Recently, it has attracted attention as a neuroprotective agent. However, little is known about cilostazol's effect on excitotoxicity induced neuronal cell death. Therefore, this study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of cilostazol treatment against hippocampal neuronal damage in a mouse model of kainic acid (KA)-induced neuronal loss. Cilostazol pretreatment reduced KA-induced seizure scores and hippocampal neuron death. In addition, cilostazol pretreatment increased cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and decreased neuroinflammation. These observations suggest that cilostazol may have beneficial therapeutic effects on seizure activity and other neurological diseases associated with excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Seop Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon 51472, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Chin-Ok Yi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - In Sung Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
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21
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Lee JY, Jeong EA, Kim KE, Yi CO, Jin Z, Lee JE, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Choi SY, Kwon HM, Roh GS. TonEBP/NFAT5 haploinsufficiency attenuates hippocampal inflammation in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7837. [PMID: 28798347 PMCID: PMC5552681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that overexpression of tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) is associated with many inflammatory diseases, including diabetes mellitus, which causes neuroinflammation in the hippocampus as well as hepatic steatosis. However, the exact mechanism in diabetic neuroinflammation is unknown. We report that haploinsufficiency of TonEBP inhibits hepatic and hippocampal high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) expression in diabetic mice. Here, mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks and received an intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) and followed by continued HFD feeding for an additional 4 weeks to induce hyperglycemia and hepatic steatosis. Compared with wild-type diabetic mice, diabetic TonEBP+/- mice showed decreased body weight, fat mass, hepatic steatosis, and macrophage infiltration. We also found that adipogenesis and HMGB1 expression in the liver and hippocampus were lower in diabetic TonEBP+/- mice compared with the wild type. Furthermore, iba-1 immunoreactivity in the hippocampus was decreased in diabetic TonEBP+/- mice compared with that in the wild type. Our findings suggest that TonEBP haploinsufficiency suppresses diabetes-associated hepatic steatosis and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chin-Ok Yi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Jae Cho
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Sung Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Youn Choi
- School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - H Moo Kwon
- School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea. .,Bio Anti-aging Medical Research Center, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Kim JY, Hwang JY, Lee DY, Song EH, Park KJ, Kim GH, Jeong EA, Lee YJ, Go MJ, Kim DJ, Lee SS, Kim BJ, Song J, Roh GS, Gao B, Kim WH. Chronic ethanol consumption inhibits glucokinase transcriptional activity by Atf3 and triggers metabolic syndrome in vivo. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:27065-27079. [PMID: 25074928 PMCID: PMC4175344 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.585653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic ethanol consumption induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction through glucokinase (Gck) nitration and down-regulation, leading to impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Gck gene expression and promoter activity in pancreatic β-cells were suppressed by chronic ethanol exposure in vivo and in vitro, whereas expression of activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) and its binding to the putative Atf/Creb site (from −287 to −158 bp) on the Gck promoter were up-regulated. Furthermore, in vitro ethanol-induced Atf3 inhibited the positive effect of Pdx-1 on Gck transcriptional regulation, enhanced recruitment of Hdac1/2 and histone H3 deacetylation, and subsequently augmented the interaction of Hdac1/Pdx-1 on the Gck promoter, which were diminished by Atf3 siRNA. In vivo Atf3-silencing reversed ethanol-mediated Gck down-regulation and β-cell dysfunction, followed by the amelioration of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Together, we identified that ethanol-induced Atf3 fosters β-cell dysfunction via Gck down-regulation and that its loss ameliorates metabolic syndrome and could be a potential therapeutic target in treating type 2 diabetes. The Atf3 gene is associated with the induction of type 2 diabetes and alcohol consumption-induced metabolic impairment and thus may be the major negative regulator for glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Kim
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Hwang
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genomic Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Lee
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Eun Hyun Song
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Keon Jae Park
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 361-763, Korea, and
| | - Gyu Hee Kim
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Yoo Jeong Lee
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Min Jin Go
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genomic Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Dae Jin Kim
- Departments of Psychiatry and College of Medicine, Catholic University, Bucheon 420-743, Korea
| | - Seong Su Lee
- Departments of Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Bucheon 420-743, Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genomic Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Jihyun Song
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-751, Korea
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Won-Ho Kim
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-951, Korea.
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23
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Kim JY, Park KJ, Kim GH, Jeong EA, Lee DY, Lee SS, Kim DJ, Roh GS, Song J, Ki SH, Kim WH. In vivo activating transcription factor 3 silencing ameliorates the AMPK compensatory effects for ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction during the progression of type-2 diabetes. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2348-61. [PMID: 23916985 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In obese Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, ER stress is associated with insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction; however the exact mechanisms by which ER stress drives type-2 diabetes remain uncertain. Here, we investigated the role of ATF3 on the preventive regulation of AMPK against ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction during the end-stage progression of hyperglycemia in ZDF rats. The impaired glucose metabolism and β-cell dysfunction were significantly increased in late-diabetic phase 19-week-old ZDF rats. Although AMPK phosphorylation reduced in 6- and 12-week-old ZDF rats was remarkably increased at 19weeks, the increases of lipogenice genes, ATF3, and ER stress or ROS-mediated β-cell dysfunction were still remained, which were attenuated by in vivo-injection of chemical chaperon tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA), chronic AICAR, or antioxidants. ATF3 did not directly affect AMPK phosphorylation, but counteracts the preventive effects of AMPK for high glucose-induced β-cell dysfunction. Moreover, knockdown of ATF3 by delivery of in vivo-jetPEI ATF3 siRNA attenuated ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction and enhanced the beneficial effect of AICAR. Our data suggest that ATF3 may play as a counteracting regulator of AMPK and thus promote β-cell dysfunction and the development of type-2 diabetes and could be a potential therapeutic target in treating type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Kim
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, #187 Osong Saengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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24
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Jeon BT, Jeong EA, Park SY, Son H, Shin HJ, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. The Rho-Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitor Y-27632 Protects Against Excitotoxicity-Induced Neuronal Death In Vivo and In Vitro. Neurotox Res 2012; 23:238-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-012-9339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Jang I, Jeon BT, Jeong EA, Kim EJ, Kang D, Lee JS, Jeong BG, Kim JH, Choi BH, Lee JE, Kim JW, Choi JY, Roh GS. Pak1/LIMK1/Cofilin Pathway Contributes to Tumor Migration and Invasion in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas and Cell Lines. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 16:159-65. [PMID: 22802696 PMCID: PMC3394917 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.3.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) are the major histological types of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Although both SCCs and ACs have been characterized histologically and clinically, the precise mechanisms underlying their migration and invasion are not yet known. Here, we address the involvement in NSCLC of the p21-associated kinase1 (Pak1)/LIM kinase1 (LIMK1)/cofilin pathway, which recently has been reported to play a critical role in tumor migration and invasion. The Pak1/LIMK1/cofilin pathway was evaluated in tumors from SCC (n=35) and AC (n=35) patients and in SCC- and AC-type cell lines by western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and in vitro migration and invasion assays. The levels of phosphorylated Pak1, LIMK1, and cofilin in lung tumor tissues from SCC patients were increased as compared to normal tissues. In addition, immunohistochemistry showed greater expression of phosphorylated cofilin in SCC tissues. Expression of phosphorylated Pak1 and LIMK1 proteins was also significantly higher in SCC-type cells than in AC-type cells. Moreover, migration and invasion assays revealed that a higher percentage of SCC type cells exhibited migration and invasion compared to AC type cells. Migration was also decreased in LIMK1 knockdown SK-MES-1 cells. These findings suggest that the activation of the Pak1/LIMK1/cofilin pathway could preferentially contribute to greater tumor migration and invasion in SCC, relative to that in AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inseok Jang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-290, Korea
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26
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Shin HJ, Jeon BT, Kim J, Jeong EA, Kim MJ, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. Effect of the calcineurin inhibitor FK506 on K+-Cl- cotransporter 2 expression in the mouse hippocampus after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2012; 119:669-77. [PMID: 22160488 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-011-0746-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN)-mediated excitotoxicity impairs γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission and induces neuronal apoptosis. Ca(2+)-dependent K(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter 2 (KCC2) participates in GABAergic inhibitory transmission. However, the mechanism by which CaN mediates GABA receptor-mediated KCC2 in seizures is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the altered expression of KCC2 and the effects of the CaN inhibitor FK506 on KCC2 expression in the mouse hippocampus following kainic acid (KA) treatment. FK506 was injected twice 24 h and 30 min before KA treatment and then mice were treated with KA and killed 2 days later. FK506 had anticonvulsant effect on KA-induced seizure activities. CaN cleavage was evident in the hippocampus 24 h after KA treatment. FK506 pretreatment blocked the truncation of CaN in the KA-treated hippocampus. Cresyl violet and TUNEL staining showed that FK506 prevented KA-induced hippocampal cell death. In particular, Western blot analysis showed that KCC2 expression was time dependent, with a peak at 6 h and a return to decreased levels at 48 h, whereas FK506 pretreatment inhibited the KA-induced decrease in KCC2 expression in the hippocampus. Immunofluorescence showed that FK506 pretreatment protected the loss of inhibitory GABAergic KCC2-expressing neurons following KA treatment. Taken together, these results provide evidence that altered KCC2 expression may be associated with Ca(2+)-mediated seizure activity and indicate that neuron-specific KCC2 may be involved in neuroprotection after seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 816 Beongil 15 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-290, Republic of Korea
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Jeon BT, Jeong EA, Shin HJ, Lee Y, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. Resveratrol attenuates obesity-associated peripheral and central inflammation and improves memory deficit in mice fed a high-fat diet. Diabetes 2012; 61:1444-54. [PMID: 22362175 PMCID: PMC3357272 DOI: 10.2337/db11-1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-induced diabetes is associated with chronic inflammation and is considered a risk factor for neurodegeneration. We tested the hypothesis that an AMP-activated protein kinase activator, resveratrol (RES), which is known to exert potent anti-inflammatory effects, would attenuate peripheral and central inflammation and improve memory deficit in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). C57BL/6J mice were fed an HFD or an HFD supplemented with RES for 20 weeks. Metabolic parameters in serum were evaluated, and Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry in peripheral organs and brain were completed. We used the Morris water maze test to study the role of RES on memory function in HFD-treated mice. RES treatment reduced hepatic steatosis, macrophage infiltration, and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. In the hippocampus of HFD-fed mice, the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and Iba-1 expression were reduced by RES treatment. Choline acetyltransferase was increased, and the phosphorylation of tau was decreased in the hippocampus of HFD-fed mice upon RES treatment. In particular, we found that RES significantly improved memory deficit in HFD-fed mice. These findings indicate that RES reverses obesity-related peripheral and central inflammation and metabolic derangements and improves memory deficit in HFD-fed diabetic mice.
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Yi CO, Jeon BT, Shin HJ, Jeong EA, Chang KC, Lee JE, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. Resveratrol activates AMPK and suppresses LPS-induced NF-κB-dependent COX-2 activation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Anat Cell Biol 2011; 44:194-203. [PMID: 22025971 PMCID: PMC3195823 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2011.44.3.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an enzyme involved in energy homeostasis, regulates inflammatory responses, but its precise mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent evidence has shown that resveratrol (RES), an AMPK activator, reduces prostaglandin E2 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated microglia. Here, we examined the effect of RES on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) dependent cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activation in LPS-treated RWA 264.7 macrophages. We found that treatment with RES increased AMPK activation. AMPK and acetyl CoA carboxylase phosphorylation were attenuated in cells treated with LPS+RES, compared to cells treated with LPS alone. RES inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TNF receptor 1 in LPS-treated cells. Finally, RES inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB translocation into the nucleus and COX-2 expression. Moreover, the effects of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribose and compound C were consistent with the effects of RES in LPS-treated cells. Taken together, these results suggest that the anti-inflammatory action of RES in RAW 264.7 macrophages is dependent on AMPK activation and is associated with inhibition of the LPS-stimulated NF-κB-dependent COX-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Ok Yi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
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Jeong EA, Jeon BT, Shin HJ, Kim N, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. Ketogenic diet-induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activation decreases neuroinflammation in the mouse hippocampus after kainic acid-induced seizures. Exp Neurol 2011; 232:195-202. [PMID: 21939657 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Similar to fasting, the ketogenic diet (KD) has anti-inflammatory effects and protects against excitotoxicity-mediated neuronal cell death. Recent studies have shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ has anti-inflammatory effects in seizure animal models. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of the KD have not been determined for seizures. Here we investigated the effect of the KD and acetoacetate (AA) on neuroinflammation in a seizure animal model and glutamate-treated HT22 cells, respectively. Mice were fed the KD for 4 weeks and sacrificed 2 or 6h after KA injection. The KD reduced hippocampal tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels and nuclear factor (NF)-κB translocation into the nucleus 2h after KA treatment. KD-induced PPARγ activation was decreased by KA in neurons as assessed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Finally, the KD inhibited cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E(2) synthase-1 (mPGES-1) expression in the hippocampus 6h after KA treatment. AA treatment also protected against glutamate-induced cell death in HT22 cells by reducing TNF-α and PPARγ-mediated COX-2 expression. Thus, the KD may inhibit neuroinflammation by suppressing a COX-2-dependent pathway via activation of PPARγ by the KD or AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 660-751, Republic of Korea
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30
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Jeong EA, Jeon BT, Kim JB, Kim JS, Cho YW, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. Phosphorylation of 14-3-3ζ at serine 58 and neurodegeneration following kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity. Anat Cell Biol 2010; 43:150-6. [PMID: 21189996 PMCID: PMC2998790 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2010.43.2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced cell death leads to phosphorylation of 14-3-3ζ at serine 58. 14-3-3ζ is detected at significant levels in cerebrospinal fluid after kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures. Here we examined temporal changes in 14-3-3ζ phosphorylation in the hippocampus and amygdala of mice after KA treatment. Mice were killed at 2, 6, 24, or 48 h after KA (30 mg/kg) injection. We observed an increase in TUNEL and Fluoro-Jade B (FJB)-stained neurons in the hippocampus and amygdala of KA-treated mice. Phospho (p)-14-3-3ζ and p-JNK expression was increased in the hippocampus 2 and 6 h after KA treatment, respectively. In immunohistochemical analysis, p-14-3-3ζ-positive cells were present in the CA3 region of the hippocampus and the central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) of KA-treated mice. Thus, phosphorylation of 14-3-3ζ at serine 58 may play an important role in KA-induced hippocampal and amygdaloid neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Biomedical Center (BK21), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
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Lee DH, Jeon BT, Jeong EA, Kim JS, Cho YW, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. Altered expression of sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 in mouse hippocampus after kainic acid treatment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 393:476-80. [PMID: 20152803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Kainic acid (KA) induces hippocampal cell death and astrocyte proliferation. There are reports that sphingosine kinase (SPHK)1 and sphingosine-1- phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 (S1P(1)) signaling axis controls astrocyte proliferation. Here we examined the temporal changes of SPHK1/S1P(1) in mouse hippocampus during KA-induced hippocampal cell death. Mice were killed at 2, 6, 24, or 48 h after KA (30 mg/kg) injection. There was an increase in Fluoro-Jade B-positive cells in the hippocampus of KA-treated mice with temporal changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. The lowest level of SPHK1 protein expression was found 2h after KA treatment. Six hours after KA treatment, the expression of SPHK1 and S1P(1) proteins steadily increased in the hippocampus. In immunohistochemical analysis, SPHK1 and S1P(1) are more immunoreactive in astrocytes within the hippocampus of KA-treated mice than in hippocampus of control mice. These results indicate that SPHK1/S1P(1) signaling axis may play an important role in astrocytes proliferation during KA-induced excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Biomedical Center (BK21), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-751, Republic of Korea
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Jeon BT, Jeong EA, Yi CO, Kim JB, Kim MD, Lee DH, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Roh GS. Ketogenic diet attenuates kainic acid-induced PPARgamma and COX-2 expression in the mouse hippocampus. Neurosci Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2010.07.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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