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Grillo F, Campora M, Carlin L, Cornara L, Parente P, Vanoli A, Remo A, Migliora P, Roberto F, Fassan M, Mastracci L. "Stranger things" in the gut: uncommon items in gastrointestinal specimens. Virchows Arch 2021; 480:231-245. [PMID: 34599376 PMCID: PMC8986674 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Organic (such as parasites or vegetable remnants) and inorganic substances may be encountered during routine pathology diagnostic work up of endoscopic gastrointestinal biopsy samples and major resections, causing possible diagnostic conundrums for the young and not so young pathologists. The main aim of this review is the description of the most frequent oddities one can encounter as foreign bodies, in gastrointestinal pathology, on the basis of the current literature and personal experience. The types of encountered substances are divided into four principal categories: parasites (helminths such as Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides, Schistosoma, and Anisakis, and protozoa such as Entamoeba, Giardia and some intestinal coccidia); drugs and pharmaceutical fillers (found as deposits and as bystanders, innocent or not); seeds (possibly confused with worms) and plant remnants; pollutants (secondary to post-resection or post-biopsy contamination of the sample). An ample library of images is provided in order to consent easy referencing for diagnostic routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Grillo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Genova, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Campora
- Anatomic Pathology Section, S. Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Carlin
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department for the Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Parente
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, and IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Remo
- Pathology Unit, Service Department, ULSS9 "Scaligera", Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Migliora
- Clinical Cytopathology Service and Pathology Institute of Locarno, Locarno, Switzerland
| | - Fiocca Roberto
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Genova, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Genova, Italy.
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.
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Abstract
The arsenical resistance operon of the IncN plasmid R46 consists of 4696 bp and starts with predicted transcriptional control and initiation signals, followed by five genes, arsD, arsA, and arsC. The corresponding Escherichia coli chromosomal ars operon and two staphylococcal ars operons lack arsA and arsD genes. The R46 system contains only the second known versions of arsA and arsD, after those of plasmid R773. Western blot analysis identified the R46 proteins using antibodies against R773 ArsA, ArsD and ArsR.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Bruhn
- Biotechnologies Department, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls 83415-2203, USA
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Bassi G, Zaffarana VG, Roberto F, Braito W. Arthroscopic arthrolysis of intra-articular knee stiffness. Chir Organi Mov 1992; 77:271-4. [PMID: 1424960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The authors report 15 cases of intra-articular knee stiffness treated by arthroscopic arthrolysis with or without section of the alar ligaments. The advantages to using this type of treatment as compared to mobilization in narcosis or arthrotomic arthrolysis are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bassi
- Divisione di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
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Bassi G, Berlanda P, Pellegrino M, Roberto F. A rare case of primary lymphoma of bone of cervical localization. Ital J Orthop Traumatol 1990; 16:405-9. [PMID: 2099923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A rare case of primary lymphoma of bone localized in the epistropheus is reported. After emphasizing the difficulty of diagnosis based solely on clinical, radiographic and laboratory data, the authors stress that biopsy is essential to diagnosis. The excellent clinical result, followed up after 5 years, was obtained with surgical excision followed by antiblastic treatment with repeated cycles of VBD, and local and regional lymph node radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bassi
- Divisione di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, P.S.T., I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia
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Macdonald EM, Powell GK, Regier DA, Glass NL, Roberto F, Kosuge T, Morris RO. Secretion of Zeatin, Ribosylzeatin, and Ribosyl-1'' -Methylzeatin by Pseudomonas savastanoi: Plasmid-Coded Cytokinin Biosynthesis. Plant Physiol 1986; 82:742-7. [PMID: 16665104 PMCID: PMC1056201 DOI: 10.1104/pp.82.3.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin production by strains of the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv savastanoi was measured by immunoaffinity chromatography of the culture medium on immobilized anti-cytokinin antibodies, followed by high performance liquid chromatography, radioimmunoassay and mass spectrometry. P. savastanoi strain PB213-2 secretes zeatin (80 nanograms per milliliter) and ribosylzeatin (80 nanograms per milliliter). Even higher levels of zeatin (400 nanograms per milliliter) are produced by the olive-specific strain EW1006, which also produces 180 nanograms per milliliter of the recently identified cytokinin, ribosyl-1'' -methylzeatin. The amounts secreted were approximately 1000 times greater than those secreted by Agrobacterium tumefaciens (DA Regier, RO Morris 1982 Biochem Biophys Res Commun 104: 1560-1566). Examination of cytokinin production by plasmid deletion mutants of PB213-2 and EW1006 indicated that cytokinin biosynthesis was specified, at least in part, by plasmid-borne genes. A fragment of the 105 kilobase pair plasmid from EW1006 was cloned into Escherichia coli where its expression resulted in dimethylallyl transferase activity and the secretion of zeatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Macdonald
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
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