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Sampo M, Ho Wang Yin G, Chardavoine M, Galland F, Matonti F, Hoffart L. [Simultaneous bilateral retinal detachment with macular demarcation line: A case-report]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2018; 41:98-99. [PMID: 29310951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Sampo
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - G Ho Wang Yin
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - M Chardavoine
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - F Galland
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - F Matonti
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France; Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Nord, AP-HM, chemin des Bourrely, 13915 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - L Hoffart
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
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Gryn A, Peyronnet B, Tanguy L, Galland F, Manunta A, Gas J, Thoulouzan M, Soulie M, Rischmann P, Bensalah K, Huyghe E. Résultats carcinologiques et morbidité de la surrénalectomie laparoscopique pour métastase surrénalienne : données d’une étude multicentrique. Prog Urol 2014; 24:885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2014.08.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Peyronnet B, Tanguy L, Fardoun T, Mathieu R, Boudry G, Galland F, Guilhem I, Verhoest G, Rioux-Leclercq N, Bensalah K, Manunta A. Surrénalectomie laparoscopique pour métastase surrénalienne. Prog Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2013.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Galland F, Birnbaum D. Le proto-oncogène mcf2/dbl et les facteurs d'échange GDP-GTP. Med Sci (Paris) 2013. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/3233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Degrelle S, Guibourdenche J, Galland F, Bidart J, Fournier T, Evain-Brion D. Iodide transporters expression in early human invasive trophoblast. Placenta 2013; 34:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Manautou J, Ferreira D, Galland F, Naquet P. Vanin-1 deficient mice have enhanced susceptibility to acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Jalenques I, Legrand G, Vaille-Perret E, Tourtauchaux R, Galland F. Efficacité et tolérance de la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne (SMTr) dans le traitement des dépressions chez le sujet âgé : revue de la littérature. Encephale 2010; 36 Suppl 2:D105-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Desort M, Lagrange AM, Galland F, Udry S, Mayor M. Planets and brown dwarfs around A–F main-sequence stars: performances of radial-velocity surveys with HARPS and first detections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/eas/1041006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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9
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Galland F, Jalenques I. Schizophrénie et vieillissement. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2009.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Roisin-Bouffay C, Castellano R, Valéro R, Chasson L, Galland F, Naquet P. Mouse vanin-1 is cytoprotective for islet beta cells and regulates the development of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2008; 51:1192-201. [PMID: 18463844 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Accepted: 03/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islet cell death is a key initiating and perpetuating event in type 1 diabetes and involves both immune-mediated and endogenous mechanisms. The epithelial pantetheinase vanin-1 is proinflammatory and cytoprotective via cysteamine release in some tissues. We investigated the impact of a vanin-1 deficiency on islet death and type 1 diabetes incidence. METHODS Vanin-1-deficient mice were produced and tested in drug-induced and autoimmune diabetes models. The contribution of vanin-1 to islet survival versus immune responses was evaluated using lymphocyte transfer and islet culture experiments. RESULTS The vanin-1/cysteamine pathway contributes to the protection of islet beta cells from streptozotocin-induced death in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, vanin-1-deficient NOD mice showed a significant aggravation of diabetes, which depended upon loss of vanin-1 expression by host tissues. This increased islet fragility was accompanied by greater CD4+ insulitis without impairment of regulatory cells. Addition of cystamine, the product of pantetheinase activity, protected islets in vitro and compensated for vanin-1 deficiency in vivo. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study unravels a major cytoprotective role of cysteamine for islet cells and suggests that modulation of pantetheinase activity may offer alternative strategies to maintain islet cell homeostasis.
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MESH Headings
- Amidohydrolases
- Animals
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/deficiency
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cell Death/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cystamine/pharmacology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- GPI-Linked Proteins
- Homeostasis/physiology
- Incidence
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- Th1 Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roisin-Bouffay
- Aix Marseille Université, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
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Galland F, Vaille-Perret E, Gerbaud L, Jalenques I. [Recurrences of bipolar disorders - comparative study of bipolar disorders, recurring depressions and single depressions in a cohort of patients aged over 65 years]. Encephale 2007; 33:544-9. [PMID: 18033141 DOI: 10.1016/s0013-7006(07)92051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar mood disorders, after starting at adulthood, may remain active throughout life, but bipolar disorders may only be revealed in later life. Indeed, Yet few data on bipolar disorders in the elderly have been reported in the litterature. The influence of normal aging on the outcome of the disease as well as the specific prognosis of bipolar disorders in the elderly has occasionally been studied. Eventually Finally, and contrasting with adults, few studies comparing the various subtypes of mood disorders were have been performed in the elderly. OBJECTIVES We therefore developed a study in patients aged 65 or above, in order to evaluate the course (recurrences) of bipolar disorders, compared to recurring depressions and single depressions, and to determine the influence of recurrences on the outcome of bipolar disorders. METHOD Patients aged over 65 years were inpatients admitted to the department of psychiatry in 2000 for one of the three previously mentioned diagnoses according to DSM IV. Retrospective data were collected from medical reports. Prospectively, data were collected from the general practitioner of each patient (relying on telephone calls), before statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS Our study demonstrates a more severe outcome for bipolar disorders compared to recurring depressions and single depressions. Patients with bipolar disorders have a higher prevalence of psychiatric recurrences. Furthermore, the greater the number of previous relapses (or the longer the duration and intensity of the disease), the higher the risk of future new future recurrences both in bipolar disorders and recurring depressions. An age of onset of bipolar disorders before 60 years and more than 5 in-hospital admissions increase the risk of recurrences. CONCLUSION We originally compare the outcome of bipolar disorders in the elderly, to recurring depressions and single depressions. We confirm the fatal outcome of recurrences in bipolar disorders in old age. Bipolar disorders in the elderly should be considered as a real public health care problem: strategies to minimize the number of episodes experienced by patients with bipolar illness must be pursued aggressively throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte et Psychologie médicale, CMP A, Hôpital Gabriel-Montpied, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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12
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Vaille-Perret E, Tourtauchaux R, Galland F, Levallois S, Bonebeau S, Chopineau J, Jalenques I. Les neuroleptiques dans une unité de psychiatrie pour sujets âgés de plus de 60 ans : étude de leur prescription, règles de bon usage. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Hoffart L, Conrath J, Matonti F, Galland F, Wotawa N, Chavane F, Castet E, Ridings B, Masson G. Étude en IRM fonctionnelle 3T de l’organisation rétinotopique du cortex visuel. J Fr Ophtalmol 2007; 30:830-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(07)92618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Alessi G, Matonti F, Hoffart L, Galland F, Conrath J, Ridings B. 655 Injection intravitréenne de bevacizumab dans la prise en charge des pathologies vasculaires et inflammatoires rétiniennes. J Fr Ophtalmol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(07)80468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Galland F, Duvillard L, Petit JM, Lagrost L, Vaillant G, Brun JM, Gambert P, Vergès B. Effect of insulin treatment on plasma oxidized LDL/LDL-cholesterol ratio in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes & Metabolism 2006; 32:625-31. [PMID: 17296517 DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In type 2 diabetes mellitus, oxidized LDL/LDL-Cholesterol ratio, an accurate estimation of in vivo LDL oxidation, has been reported elevated and associated with macrovascular disease. Because insulin therapy induces significant modification of lipid metabolism, in type 2 diabetes, we evaluated the effect of insulin treatment on oxidized LDL/LDL-C ratio in type 2 diabetic patients and analyzed the results in comparison with the modifications induced by insulin on glycaemia, plasma lipids and LDL receptors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Plasma oxidized LDL concentrations were measured by sandwich ELISA in 21 type 2 diabetic patients before and 3 months after the introduction of insulin therapy, and in 27 age-matched controls. RESULTS Type 2 diabetic patients had, compared to controls, significantly increased oxidized LDL/LDL-C ratio (P<0.0001). Three months after insulin treatment, oxidized LDL/LDL-C ratio was significantly reduced (21.1+/-4.7 vs. 24.0+/-5.8 U/mmol, P<0.01). This reduction was strongly associated, in multivariate analysis, with reduction of LDL(TG/cholesterol ratio) (P=0.008), and to a lesser extent with the decrease of LDL fructosamine (P=0.034), but not with the increase of the number of LDL receptors. CONCLUSIONS In the present study we demonstrate for the first time a lowering effect of insulin therapy on oxidized LDL/LDL-C ratio in type 2 diabetic patients. This decrease is mainly associated with the reduction of LDL TG-enrichment, and to a lesser extent with the decrease of LDL glycation, but not with the insulin-induced increase in number of LDL receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Hôpital du Bocage, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France.
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Matonti F, Prost Magnin O, Galland F, Hoffart L, Coulibaly F, Conrath J, Ridings B. Oblitération de l’artère centrale de la rétine secondaire à une dissection de la carotide interne sur fibrodysplasie artérielle. J Fr Ophtalmol 2006; 29:e15. [PMID: 16988621 DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(06)73855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We report a case of a 66-year-old woman presenting a central retinal artery occlusion with no cardiovascular risk factor, with assessment using supra-aortic artery ultrasonography showing total internal carotid artery thrombosis. OBSERVATION When vascular thrombosis risk factors are absent, more in-depth assessment such as a supra-aortic artery angioscan can provide the diagnosis of arterial dissection on arterial fibromuscular dysplasia. CONCLUSION Central retinal artery occlusion is a rare but severe pathology. Therefore it is very important not to neglect the etiological assessment, because it can be the revealing element of a severe pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Matonti
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital de la Timone, 264, rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05.
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Petit JM, Masson D, Minello A, Duvillard L, Galland F, Verges B, Gambert P, Hillon P. Lack of association between microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene polymorphism and liver steatosis in HCV-infected patients. Mol Genet Metab 2006; 88:196-8. [PMID: 16458034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2005] [Revised: 12/13/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been shown that the HCV-core protein reduces the activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and could lead to steatosis in HCV-infected patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of a functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the MTP gene (493G/T) on the development of HCV-related steatosis. METHODS Eighty-six chronic hepatitis C patients were studied to assess: the effects of body mass index, age, HCV genotype, and 493G/T MTP polymorphism on steatosis. RESULTS Steatosis was observed in 39 patients (45.3%). The 493G/T MTP polymorphism were not related to the development of steatosis. CONCLUSION The functional G/T MTP polymorphism do not seem to play any role in the development of steatosis in chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Michel Petit
- Laboratoire INSERM Unité 498, CHU du Bocage, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon cedex, France.
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Petit JM, Minello A, Brisard C, Galland F, Duvillard L, Verges B, Hillon P. Plasma resistin concentration, and steatosis and insulin sensitivity in hepatitis C virus-infected patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 21:624. [PMID: 16638116 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Petit JM, Minello A, Jooste V, Bour JB, Galland F, Duvillard L, Verges B, Olsson NO, Gambert P, Hillon P. Decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations are closely related to steatosis in hepatitis C virus-infected patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:2240-3. [PMID: 15644404 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mechanisms underlying steatosis during hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are complex and multifactorial. Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for the development of steatosis in chronic hepatitis C infection. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of adipocytokines in HCV-related steatosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that the endocrine function of adipose tissue could be, in part, responsible for HCV-related steatosis. Seventy-one consecutive untreated chronic hepatitis C patients were studied to assess the effects of adipocytokines, body mass index (BMI), age, and HCV genotype on steatosis. We used ELISA to determine serum adiponectin, leptin, and soluble TNF receptors I and II concentrations. RESULTS Steatosis was observed in 42 (59.1%) patients. BMI was significantly associated with leptin (r = 0.64; P = 0.0001) and was border significantly associated with adiponectin concentrations (r = -0.22; P = 0.06). In univariate analyses, age, HCV genotype 3, BMI, increased leptin level, increased insulin level, and decreased adiponectin concentration were associated with steatosis. In multivariate analysis, steatosis was significantly associated with low adiponectin concentration, age, HCV genotype 3, and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) level, whereas steatosis was not associated with leptin, insulin, and BMI. CONCLUSION In chronic HCV patients, hypoadiponectinemia is significantly associated with the development of liver steatosis. The fact that the plasma levels of adiponectin inversely correlate with steatosis in HCV-infected subjects suggests that hypoadiponectinemia may contribute to hepatic steatosis progression and liver injury in this population. One practical implication is that therapy to increase circulating adiponectin concentration, such as overweight reduction or thiazolidinediones, provides the potential to improve steatosis in chronic hepatitis C infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Petit
- Service de Diabétologie et d'Endocrinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Bocage, Boite Postale 77908, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France.
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Galland F, Matonti F, Conrath J, Ridings B. 493 Choroïdérémie et diabète. J Fr Ophtalmol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(05)73613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Prost Magnin O, Galland F, Catanese M, Ridings B. 614 Épithéliopathie en plaque aiguë multifocale associée à une taeniase intestinale : à propos d’un cas. J Fr Ophtalmol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(05)73732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Pommier S, Galland F, Benso C, Hadjadj E, Conrath J, Denis D, Ridings B. 681 Toxoplasmose oculaire : foyer actif associé à un néovaisseau rétro-fovéolaire. J Fr Ophtalmol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(05)73798-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Matonti F, Galland F, Platon O, Ridings B. 512 Glaucome chronique bilatéral par fermeture de l’angle par iris plateau : à propos d’un cas. J Fr Ophtalmol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(05)73632-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Berruyer C, Martin FM, Castellano R, Macone A, Malergue F, Garrido-Urbani S, Millet V, Imbert J, Duprè S, Pitari G, Naquet P, Galland F. Vanin-1-/- mice exhibit a glutathione-mediated tissue resistance to oxidative stress. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24:7214-24. [PMID: 15282320 PMCID: PMC479710 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.24.16.7214-7224.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2004] [Revised: 02/09/2004] [Accepted: 05/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanin-1 is an epithelial ectoenzyme with pantetheinase activity and generating the amino-thiol cysteamine through the metabolism of pantothenic acid (vitamin B(5)). Here we show that Vanin-1(-/-) mice, which lack cysteamine in tissues, exhibit resistance to oxidative injury induced by whole-body gamma-irradiation or paraquat. This protection is correlated with reduced apoptosis and inflammation and is reversed by treating mutant animals with cystamine. The better tolerance of the Vanin-1(-/-) mice is associated with an enhanced gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity in liver, probably due to the absence of cysteamine and leading to elevated stores of glutathione (GSH), the most potent cellular antioxidant. Consequently, Vanin-1(-/-) mice maintain a more reducing environment in tissue after exposure to irradiation. In normal mice, we found a stress-induced biphasic expression of Vanin-1 regulated via antioxidant response elements in its promoter region. This process should finely tune the redox environment and thus change an early inflammatory process into a late tissue repair process. We propose Vanin-1 as a key molecule to regulate the GSH-dependent response to oxidative injury in tissue at the epithelial level. Therefore, Vanin/pantetheinase inhibitors could be useful for treatment of damage due to irradiation and pro-oxidant inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Berruyer
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy CNRS-INSERM-Université de la Méditerranée, 13288 Marseille, France
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Petit JM, Duong M, Masson D, Buisson M, Duvillard L, Bour JB, Brindisi MC, Galland F, Guiguet M, Gambert P, Portier H, Vergès B. Serum adiponectin and metabolic parameters in HIV-1-infected patients after substitution of nevirapine for protease inhibitors. Eur J Clin Invest 2004; 34:569-75. [PMID: 15305892 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2004.01379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy, adiponectin concentrations have been shown to be related to lipodystrophy, metabolic alterations and HIV-protease inhibitor (PI) use. The replacement of PI by nevirapine has improved the lipid profile of patients under antiretroviral therapy. The aim of the present study was to examine whether adiponectin concentration or insulin sensitivity level correlate with the modifications of lipid parameters after the switch of PI by nevirapine. MATERIAL AND METHODS The evolution of metabolic parameters before and after 6 months of substitution of nevirapine for protease inhibitors was evaluated in a cohort of 55 HIV-1 infected patients. Adiponectin concentration, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) mass concentration and triglyceride enrichment of HDL were determined before and after the replacement of PI by nevirapine. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the HOMA model assessment. RESULTS Twenty-four weeks of treatment with nevirapine improved significantly the lipid profile with a significant reduction of apoB (from 0.98 to 0.92 g L(-1); P = 0.005) and triglyceride (from 2.02 to 1.66 mmol L(-1); P = 0.02). HDL cholesterol and apoA1 increased significantly (from 0.99 to 1.19 mmol L(-1); P = 0.001 and from 1.40 to 1.57 g L(-1); P < 0.001, respectively). The triglyceride enrichment of HDL significantly decreased after the replacement of PI by nevirapine (from 0.248 +/- 0.092 to 0.213 +/- 0.093; P = 0.003). At baseline, and after 24 weeks of nevirapine treatment, we observed significant correlations between adiponectin level and lipid parameters [(HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.66, P = 0.001 and r = 0.69, P = 0.001); triglycerides (r = -0.42, P = 0.002 and r = -0.57, P = 0.001), and triglyceride enrichment of HDL (r = -0.43, P = 0.005 and r = -0.53, P = 0.005)]. Twenty-four weeks of treatment with nevirapine did not significantly change adiponectin concentrations (from 984 to 1086 micro g L(-1), P = 0.22), CETP mass and insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION This study shows that even though a strong correlation was found between adiponectin and some metabolic parameters at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment by nevirapine, the improvement of lipid profile observed after the replacement of PI by nevirapine was not in relation to the change of plasma adiponectin concentration. The significant decrease of triglyceride enrichment of HDL after the replacement of PI by nevirapine probably leads to a decreased catabolism of HDL lipoprotein, and consequently explains the increase of plasma HDL concentration observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Petit
- Hôpital Universitaire du Bocage, Dijon, France.
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26
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Abstract
We report a case of Penicillium chrysogenum endophthalmitis after penetrating ocular trauma in a 9-year-old child, describing the initial management and the therapeutic adaptation after biopsy culture. After a review of endophthalmitis treatment, we discuss mycotic endophthalmitis treatment and recommend the use of intravitreal antibiotics. In this case, we used amphotericin B to treat the fungal disorder with success.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital de la Timone, 264, rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille 05.
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27
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Abstract
We report a case of vitreal metastases from cutaneous melanoma. We describe the clinical findings and the histological aspects of the lesions, which allows us to discuss the diagnosis of masquerade syndrome and highlight the diagnostic importance of vitreous biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital de la Timone, 264, rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 05.
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28
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Mourot L, Wolf JP, Galland F, Robinet C, Courtière A, Bouhaddi M, Meliet JL, Regnard J. Short-term vasomotor adjustments to post immersion dehydration are hindered by natriuretic peptides. Undersea Hyperb Med 2004; 31:203-210. [PMID: 15485082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have described the physiology of water immersion (WI), whereas few have focused on post WI physiology, which faces the global water loss of the large WI diuresis. Therefore, we compared hemodynamics and vasomotor tone in 10 trained supine divers before and after two 6h sessions in dry (DY) and head out WI environments. During each exposure (DY and WI) two exercise periods (each one hour 75W ergometer cycling) started after the 3rd and 5th hours. Weight losses were significant (-2.24 +/- 0.13 kg and -2.38 +/- 0.19 kg, after DY and WI, respectively), but not different between the two conditions. Plasma volume was reduced at the end of the two conditions (-9.7 +/- 1.6% and -14.7 +/- 1.6%, respectively; p < 0.05). This post-WI decrease was deeper than post DY (p < 0.05). Cardiac output (CO) and mean arterial blood pressure were maintained after the two exposures. Plasma levels of noradrenaline, antidiuretic hormone and ANP were twofold higher after WI than after DY (p < 0.05). After DY total peripheral resistances (TPR) were increased (p < 0.05) and heart rate (HR) was reduced (p < 0.05). After WI there was a trend for a decrease in stroke volume (p = 0.07) with unchanged TPR and HR, despite more sizeable increases in plasma noradrenaline and vasopressin than after DY. We hypothesized that the higher levels of plasma natriuretic peptides after WI were likely counteracting the dehydration-required vasomotor adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mourot
- Physiologie Médecine and EA 479, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Place St Jacques 25030 Besançon, France
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29
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Vaille-Perret E, Vinot J, Brousse G, Galland F, Tourtauchaux R, Lebret S, Jalenques I. États délirants et hallucinations du sujet âgé. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2003.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Lebret S, Vaille-Perret E, Vinot J, Brousse G, Galland F, Tourtauchaux R, Jalenques I. Le suicide du sujet âgé. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2003.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Brousse G, Tourtauchaux R, Lebret S, Vaille-Perret E, Vinot J, Galland F, Jalenques I. L’alcoolisme chez les sujets âgés. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2003.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Guillemot JC, Naspetti M, Malergue F, Montcourrier P, Galland F, Naquet P. Ep-CAM transfection in thymic epithelial cell lines triggers the formation of dynamic actin-rich protrusions involved in the organization of epithelial cell layers. Histochem Cell Biol 2001; 116:371-8. [PMID: 11702195 DOI: 10.1007/s004180100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2001] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thymic epithelium is organized in a highly connected three-dimensional network through which thymocytes differentiate. The molecular mechanisms underlying this organization are still unknown. In thymic medulla, a major site of tolerance induction, the development of the epithelial cell net is tightly regulated by the needs of thymocyte selection. These reticulated epithelial cells express high levels of the Ep-CAM molecule. Using different thymic epithelial cell lines as a model system, we found that transfection of Ep-CAM enhances cell growth and leads to a rapid reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton by inducing the formation of numerous stress fibers and long cell protrusions. Finally, the crosslinking of the extracellular domain of a chimeric CD25ec/Ep-CAMic molecule is sufficient to trigger the formation of protrusions. These results suggest that expression of Ep-CAM might balance the organizing capacity of cadherin molecules and may be participating in the formation of a dynamic stromal cell network in the thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Guillemot
- CNRS LNB, Université de Provence, Chemin de J Aiguier, Marseille 13009, France
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33
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Martin F, Malergue F, Pitari G, Philippe JM, Philips S, Chabret C, Granjeaud S, Mattei MG, Mungall AJ, Naquet P, Galland F. Vanin genes are clustered (human 6q22-24 and mouse 10A2B1) and encode isoforms of pantetheinase ectoenzymes. Immunogenetics 2001; 53:296-306. [PMID: 11491533 DOI: 10.1007/s002510100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The mouse Vanin-1 molecule plays a role in thymic reconstitution following damage by irradiation. We recently demonstrated that it is a membrane pantetheinase (EC 3.56.1.-). This molecule is the prototypic member of a larger Vanin family encoded by at least two mouse (Vanin-1 and Vanin-3) and three human (VNN1, VNN2, VNN3) orthologous genes. We now report (1) the structural characterization of the human and mouse Vanin genes and their organization in clusters on the 6q22-24 and 10A2B1 chromosomes, respectively; (2) identification of the human VNN3 gene and the demonstration that the mouse Vanin-3 molecule is secreted by cells, and (3) that the Vanin genes encode different isoforms of the mammalian pantetheinase activity. Thus, the Vanin family represents a novel class of secreted or membrane-associated ectoenzymes. We discuss here their possible role in processes pertaining to tissue repair in the context of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Martin
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, INSERM-CNRS-Université de la Méditerranée, France
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34
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Naspetti M, Martin F, Biancotto A, Malergue F, Mansuelle P, Galland F, Naquet P. A novel anti-Ep-CAM antibody to analyze the organization of thymic medulla in autoimmunity. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2001; 251:109-17. [PMID: 11036765 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-57276-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Naspetti
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy INSERM U136-CNRS UMR145, Marseille, France
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35
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Pitari G, Malergue F, Martin F, Philippe JM, Massucci MT, Chabret C, Maras B, Duprè S, Naquet P, Galland F. Pantetheinase activity of membrane-bound Vanin-1: lack of free cysteamine in tissues of Vanin-1 deficient mice. FEBS Lett 2000; 483:149-54. [PMID: 11042271 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pantetheinase (EC 3.5.1.-) is an ubiquitous enzyme which in vitro has been shown to recycle pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and to produce cysteamine, a potent anti-oxidant. We show that the Vanin-1 gene encodes pantetheinase widely expressed in mouse tissues: (1) a pantetheinase activity is specifically expressed by Vanin-1 transfectants and is immunodepleted by specific antibodies; (2) Vanin-1 is a GPI-anchored pantetheinase, and consequently an ectoenzyme; (3) Vanin-1 null mice are deficient in membrane-bound pantetheinase activity in kidney and liver; (4) in these organs, a major metabolic consequence is the absence of detectable free cysteamine; this demonstrates that membrane-bound pantetheinase is the main source of cysteamine in tissues under physiological conditions. Since the Vanin-1 molecule was previously shown to be involved in the control of thymus reconstitution following sublethal irradiation in vivo, this raises the possibility that Vanin/pantetheinase might be involved in the regulation of some immune functions maybe in the context of the response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pitari
- Dipartmento di Biologia di Base ed Applicata Università di L'Aquila, Italy
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36
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Abstract
Circulation and tissue colonization are essential properties of lymphoid cells and involve major families of adhesion molecules (e.g. , integrin, selectin, mucin-like, and molecules from the immunoglobulin superfamily). The mouse Vanin-1 molecule was recently identified and found to be involved in the colonization of the thymus by hematopoietic precursor cells. Here we show based on computational analysis of EST sequence database resources that Vanin-1 belongs to a new family of related molecules present from drosophila to human. This family includes the amidase enzyme Biotinidase, and a central protein domain is shared between Vanin and Nitrilase families, suggesting that Vanin molecules might bear an enzymatic activity. Five of these molecules were new uncharacterized cDNA sequences only described as ESTs. The three human Vanin genes map to the same region of Chromosome 6q. The detailed results are consultable at the VANIN web page (http://tagc. univ-mrs.fr/pub/vanin/).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Granjeaud
- TAGC (Technologie Avancée pour le Génome et la Clinique), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy INSERM-CNRS, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, case 906, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
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37
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Malergue F, Galland F, Martin F, Mansuelle P, Aurrand-Lions M, Naquet P. A novel immunoglobulin superfamily junctional molecule expressed by antigen presenting cells, endothelial cells and platelets. Mol Immunol 1998; 35:1111-9. [PMID: 10395200 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-5890(98)00102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The architecture of lymphoid microenvironments depends upon complex interactions between several stromal cell types. We describe in this report the cloning of a cDNA which encodes a novel membrane molecule containing two external Ig-like domains. It is expressed at the junction between endothelial cells including HEV. It is also expressed by platelets and MHC class II+ antigen presenting cells in thymic medulla and T-cell areas in peripheral lymphoid organs. These cells which lack in RelB-deficient mice include tissue-derived dendritic, epithelial cells and macrophages. Thus, this molecule might contribute to the organization of cell junctions in different microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Malergue
- CIML INSERM-CNRS, Université de la Méditerranée, Case 906, Marseille, France
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38
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Galland F, Malergue F, Bazin H, Mattei MG, Aurrand-Lions M, Theillet C, Naquet P. Two human genes related to murine vanin-1 are located on the long arm of human chromosome 6. Genomics 1998; 53:203-13. [PMID: 9790769 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report here the identification of two distinct human cDNAs, called VNN1 and VNN2, related to the recently described mouse Vanin-1 molecule involved in lymphocyte migration (M. Aurrand-Lions et al., 1996, Immunity 5: 391-405). Tissue distribution of the expression of these two human Vanin-like genes is differential. Since Vanin-1 shares significant homologies with human biotinidase (BTD), we describe here a new family of related genes including at least four members: mouse Vanin-1, VNN1, VNN2, and BTD. We have mapped the murine locus encompassing the Vanin-1 gene on mouse chromosome 10 in position A2B1. The two human Vanin-like genes are closely linked, since they were found on the same YAC clone and colocalized on human chromosome 6q23-q24 known to contain several genetic alterations linked to the progression of metastatic human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Universite de la Mediterranée, Marseille Cedex 09, France
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39
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Naspetti M, Aurrand-Lions M, DeKoning J, Malissen M, Galland F, Lo D, Naquet P. Thymocytes and RelB-dependent medullary epithelial cells provide growth-promoting and organization signals, respectively, to thymic medullary stromal cells. Eur J Immunol 1997; 27:1392-7. [PMID: 9209490 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830270615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The thymic medulla is composed of distinct epithelial cell subsets, defined in this report by the reactivity of two novel antibodies, 95 and 29, raised against mouse thymic epithelial cell lines. These antibodies were used to probe the development of medulla in wild-type or mutant thymuses. In CD3 epsilon-deficient mice where thymocyte maturation is arrested at the CD4- CD8- stage, few scattered 95+ and 29+ epithelial cells are found. When few mature thymocytes develop as in CD3- zeta/eta mice, expansion and organization of 95+ but not 29+ cells, becomes detectable. In RelB-deficient mice, T cell maturation proceeds normally but negative selection is inefficient due to the lack of thymic medulla and dendritic cells. Strikingly, 29+ epithelial cells are absent and 95+ medullary epithelial cells are scattered throughout the thymus, intermingling with CDR1+ cortical epithelium. In chimeric mice lacking only dendritic cells, the corticomedullary junction persists and both 95+ and 29+ epithelial cells are localized in the medulla. These results suggest that two types of signals are required for development of thymic medulla. A growth signal depends upon the presence of maturing thymocytes, but organization of the thymic medulla requires the presence of activated 29+ medullary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naspetti
- Centre d'Immunologie INSERM-CNRS, Marseille Luminy, France
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40
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Naspetti M, Galland F, DeKoning J, Malissen M, Lo D, Naquet P. Growth-promoting and organization signals are both required for development of thymic medulla. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)85325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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41
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Naquet P, Aurrand-Lions M, Bazin H, Imhof B, Galland F. Vanin-1, a perivascular molecule involved in thymus homing. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)85028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Kakkar VV, Boeckl O, Boneu B, Bordenave L, Brehm OA, Brücke P, Coccheri S, Cohen AT, Galland F, Haas S, Jarrige J, Koppenhagen K, LeQuerrec A, Parraguette E, Prandoni P, Roder JD, Roos M, Rüschemeyer C, Siewert JR, Vinazzer H, Wenzel E. Efficacy and safety of a low-molecular-weight heparin and standard unfractionated heparin for prophylaxis of postoperative venous thromboembolism: European multicenter trial. World J Surg 1997; 21:2-8; discussion 8-9. [PMID: 8943170 DOI: 10.1007/s002689900185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A randomized, double-blind multicenter trial was performed to compare the safety and efficacy of a new low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) (LU 47311, Clivarine) and standard unfractionated heparin for the prophylaxis of postoperative venous thromboembolism. Altogether 1351 patients scheduled to undergo abdominal surgery were included. Main outcome measures included the incidence of thromboembolic events (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or both) and bleeding complications, including wound hematoma. A total of 655 patients received 1750 anti-Xa IU of LMWH plus a placebo injection daily; 677 patients received 5000 IU of unfractionated heparin (UFH) twice a day. Both drugs were found to be equally effective, as 4.7% of patients in the LMWH group and 4.3% in the UFH group developed postoperative thromboembolic complications. However, the incidence of bleeding complications was significantly reduced in the LMWH group: 55 (8.3%) patients in the LMWH group and 80 (11.8%) in the UFH group developed bleeding complications, a relative risk (RR) of 0.70 (95% CI 0.51-0.97;p = 0.03); wound hematoma occurred in 29 (4.4%) of the LMWH group compared with 55 (7.7%) in those in the UFH group for an RR of 0.57 (95% CI 0.37-0.88;p = 0.01). This study confirmed that a very low dose of 1750 anti-Xa IU daily of this new LMWH is as effective as 10,000 IU of UFH for preventing postoperative deep vein thrombosis. At this dose its administration is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of bleeding including wound hematoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Kakkar
- Thrombosis Research Institute, Emmanuel Kaye Building, Manresa Road, Chelsea SW3 6LR, London, UK
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43
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Abstract
Migration of hematopoietic precursor cells to the thymus is shown to depend upon a novel molecule called Vanin-1 expressed by perivascular thymic stromal cells. An anti-Vanin-1 antibody blocks the binding of pro-T cells to thymic sections in vitro, the in vivo accumulation of bone marrow cells around cortical thymic vessels, and long-term thymic regeneration. Thus, it interferes with the entry, and not the differentiation, of hematopoietic precursor cells. The Vanin-1 gene codes for a GPI-anchored 70 kDa protein that shows homology only with human biotinidase. Transfection of thymic stromal cells with the Vanin-1 cDNA enhances thymocyte adhesion in vitro. These data suggest that Vanin-1 regulates late adhesion steps of thymus homing under physiological, noninflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aurrand-Lions
- Centre d'Immunologie, INSERM-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
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44
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de Bray JM, Galland F, Lhoste P, Nicolau S, Dubas F, Emile J, Pillet J. Colour Doppler and duplex sonography and angiography of the carotid artery bifurcations. Neuroradiology 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/s002340050077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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Bray JM, Galland F, Lhoste P, Nicolau S, Dubas F, Emile J, Pillet J. Colour Doppler and duplex sonography and angiography of the carotid artery bifurcations. Prospective, double-blind study. Neuroradiology 1995; 37:219-24. [PMID: 7603598 DOI: 10.1007/bf01578261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We undertook a prospective double-blind study of 128 carotid artery bifurcations using colour Doppler and duplex sonography and angiography. Sixty-four patients with cerebrovascular events were admitted for angiography. All underwent sonography within 24 h of angiography. Standard duplex sonography and colour Doppler imaging without spectral analysis were performed, on the same device, by two sonographers, using defined morphological and haemodynamic criteria. Digital radiological data on vessel diameter were interpreted independently by two radiologists. The two sonographic methods gave similar grading of stenosis, compared to angiography, with an accuracy ranging from 96% in severe to 83% in minor stenoses. Colour Doppler studies gave better area measurements than standard duplex sonography, except for major stenoses. Discrepancies between ultrasonography and angiography were due mainly to minor stenoses and large plaques of calcification on the vessel walls, which masked very segmental 70% stenoses in 2 cases. Angiography is limited by its own resolution, does not show uncalcified vessel walls and does not give cross-sectional data. It would therefore be inappropriate for showing small plaques, the full extent of ectasia or for defining the carotid bulb accurately. The advantages of colour methods were in investigating sinuous or deep vessels and hypoechoic plaques. Analysis of the residual lumen of a stenosis and its extent could be determined more rapidly. Haemodynamic quantification of stenoses by standard duplex sonography may be difficult because of limited sample volume and error in estimation of angle, whereas colour Doppler allows semiquantitative estimation of haemodynamics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Bray
- Laboratory of Physiology, University Hospital, Angers, France
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46
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Pébusque MJ, Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Galland F, Simonetti J, Armstrong E, Rimokh R, Birnbaum D. Localization of two tyrosine kinase receptor genes with respect to the 5q35 chromosomal breakpoint of Ki-1 lymphoma cell lines. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1993; 8:119-26. [PMID: 7504515 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.2870080209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The consistency of the breakpoint on chromosome 5 at band 5q35 occurring in Ki-1 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas is highly suggestive of the involvement of a locally altered gene in this disease. In this study, we analyzed the potential involvement, in the translocation, of two receptor tyrosine kinase genes and putative oncogenes, FLT4 and FGFR4, previously localized near this breakpoint. Fluorescence in situ chromosomal hybridization allowed us to refine their localization to sub-band 5q35.3 and to show that both genes are translocated to the derivative chromosomes in Ki-1 cell lines containing either a t(2;5) or a t(3;5). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that the FLT4 and FGFR4 genes are not physically linked, nor are they altered by the translocation. Finally, Northern blot analysis showed that neither FLT4 nor FGFR4 is expressed in the Ki-1 cell lines, suggesting that they are not implicated in the genesis of Ki-1 lymphomas.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Northern
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- DNA Probes
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
- Genetic Linkage
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/genetics
- Oncogenes/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Pébusque
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, U119 INSERM Marseille, France
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47
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Galland F, Karamysheva A, Pebusque MJ, Borg JP, Rottapel R, Dubreuil P, Rosnet O, Birnbaum D. The FLT4 gene encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase related to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Oncogene 1993; 8:1233-40. [PMID: 8386825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Three receptor tyrosine kinases, FLT1, FLK1 and FLT4, contain seven immunoglobin-like domains in their extracellular region and are strongly related by sequence similarities to each other and, to a lesser degree, to the class III receptors CSF1R/FMS, PDGFR, SLFR/KIT and FLT3/FLK2. They constitute a family of receptors putatively involved in the growth regulation of endothelial cells. We describe here the structure and pattern of expression of the human FLT4 gene. Two FLT4 transcripts of 5.8 and 4.5 kb are expressed in the human placenta and several hematopoietic cell lines. In mouse, a 5.8-kb transcript is expressed in a variety of tissues. A translational product 1298 amino acids in length is predicted to be encoded by the largest open reading frame. The FLT4 protein, when transiently expressed in Cos-7 cells and immunoprecipitated with a FLT4-specific rabbit immune serum, has an apparent molecular weight of 170 kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, U.119 INSERM, Marseille, France
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48
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Abstract
A new human gene encoding a putative receptor-type tyrosine kinase (RTK) was isolated by screening a placenta cDNA library with a mouse Flt3 probe. The deduced amino acid sequence of the intracellular region of the molecule showed that it was strongly related to the FLT1 and KDR/FLK1 gene products and to a lesser degree to members of the class III RTKs: FMS/CSF1R, PDGFRA/B, KIT, and FLT3. The gene was named FLT4. Cosmid clones of the mouse Flt4 gene were isolated. The human gene was localized to bands q34-q35 of chromosome 5, i.e., slightly telomeric to the CSF1R/PDGRFB tandem of genes, and the mouse homolog to chromosome 11, region A5-B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, U. 119 INSERM, Marseille, France
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49
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Galland F, Katzav S, Birnbaum D. The products of the mcf-2 and vav proto-oncogenes and of the yeast gene cdc-24 share sequence similarities. Oncogene 1992; 7:585-7. [PMID: 1549372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Galland
- Department of Molecular Oncology, U.119 INSERM, Marseille, France
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50
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Galland F, Stefanova M, Lafage M, Birnbaum D. Localization of the 5' end of the MCF2 oncogene to human chromosome 15q15----q23. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1992; 60:114-6. [PMID: 1611909 DOI: 10.1159/000133316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic activation of the MCF.2 cell line-derived transforming sequence gene (MCF2) occurs through substitution of part of its 5' coding region by unrelated nonsyntenic sequences. Analysis of the MCF2 oncogene locus revealed complex recombination events involving four discontinuous human DNA segments. The upstream replacing sequence, named URS, represents the farthest 5' portion of the locus. The URS sequence maps to the D15S93 locus on human chromosome 15q15----q23.
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