1
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Cotic A, Heinemann FW, Slep LD, Cadranel A. Influence of donor-acceptor interactions on MLCT hole reconfiguration in {Ru(bpy)} chromophores. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400246. [PMID: 38656666 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In MLCT chromophores, internal conversion (IC) in the form of hole reconfiguration pathways (HR) is a major source of dissipation of the absorbed photon energy. Therefore, it is desirable to minimize their impact in energy conversion schemes by slowing them down. According to previous findings on {Ru(bpy)} chromophores, donor-acceptor interactions between the Ru ion and the ligand scaffold might allow to control HR/IC rates. Here, a series of [Ru(tpm)(bpy)(R-py)]2+ chromophores, where tpm is tris(1-pyrazolyl)methane, bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine and R-py is a 4-substituted pyridine, were prepared and fully characterized employing electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry, steady-state absorption/emission spectroscopy and electronic structure computations based on DFT/TD-DFT. Their excited-state decay was monitored using nanosecond and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. HR/IC lifetimes as slow as 568 ps were obtained in DMSO at room temperature, twice as slow as in the reference species [Ru(tpm)(bpy)(NCS)]+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Cotic
- Institute of Chemical Physics of Materials Environment and Energy, departamento de química inorgánica, analítica y química física, ARGENTINA
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, GERMANY
| | - Leonardo D Slep
- Institute of Chemical Physics of Materials Environment and Energy, departamento de química inorgánica, analítica y química física, ARGENTINA
| | - Alejandro Cadranel
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, GERMANY
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2
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Keilwerth M, Mao W, Malischewski M, Jannuzzi SAV, Breitwieser K, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, DeBeer S, Munz D, Bill E, Meyer K. The synthesis and characterization of an iron(VII) nitrido complex. Nat Chem 2024; 16:514-520. [PMID: 38291260 PMCID: PMC10997499 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Complexes of iron in high oxidation states are captivating research subjects due to their pivotal role as active intermediates in numerous catalytic processes. Structural and spectroscopic studies of well-defined model complexes often provide evidence of these intermediates. In addition to the fundamental molecular and electronic structure insights gained by these complexes, their reactivity also affects our understanding of catalytic reaction mechanisms for small molecule and bond-activation chemistry. Here, we report the synthesis, structural and spectroscopic characterization of a stable, octahedral Fe(VI) nitrido complex and an authenticated, unique Fe(VII) species, prepared by one-electron oxidation. The super-oxidized Fe(VII) nitride rearranges to an Fe(V) imide through an intramolecular amination mechanism and ligand exchange, which is characterized spectroscopically and computationally. This enables combined reactivity and stability studies on a single molecular system of a rare high-valent complex redox pair. Quantum chemical calculations complement the spectroscopic parameters and provide evidence for a diamagnetic (S = 0) d 2 Fe(VI) and a genuine S = 1/2, d 1 Fe(VII) configuration of these super-oxidized nitrido complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Keilwerth
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Weiqing Mao
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Moritz Malischewski
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergio A V Jannuzzi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Kevin Breitwieser
- Saarland University, Inorganic Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Dominik Munz
- Saarland University, Inorganic Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Erlangen, Germany.
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3
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Tavera-Méndez CL, Bergen A, Trzeciak S, Heinemann FW, Graf R, Zahn D, Meyer K, Hartmann M, Wisser D. Self-Assembled Supported Ionic Liquids. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303673. [PMID: 37963087 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Separation and reuse of the catalytically active metal complexes are persistent issues in homogeneous catalysis. Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) catalysts, where the catalytic center is dissolved in a thin film of a stable ionic liquid, deposited on a solid support, present a promising alternative. However, the dissolution of the metal center in the film leaves little control over its position and its activity. We present here four novel, task-specific ionic liquids [FPhn ImH R]I (n=1, 2; R=PEG2 , C12 H25 ), designed to self-assemble on a silica surface without any covalent bonding and offering a metal binding site in a controlled distance to the support. Advanced multinuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopic techniques under Magic Angle Spinning, complemented by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, allow us to determine their molecular conformation when deposited inside SBA-15 as a model silica support. We provide here conceptual proof for a rational design of ionic liquids self-assembling into thin films, opening an avenue for a second, improved generation of SILP catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy-Ly Tavera-Méndez
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Bergen
- Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon Trzeciak
- Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Graf
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Zahn
- Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Wisser
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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4
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Leinauer L, Parla G, Messelbeger J, Herrera A, Heinemann FW, Langer J, Chuchelkin I, Grasruck A, Frieß S, Chelouan A, Gavrilov K, Dorta R. Evolution of a 'privileged' P-alkene ligand: added planar chirality beats BINOL axial chirality in catalytic asymmetric C-C bond formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14451-14454. [PMID: 37982441 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04972h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Alkene planar chirality is introduced in the 'privileged' P-alkene phosphoramidite ligand 1. The resulting diastereomeric ligands (pR,R)-5 and (pS,R)-5 form optically pure complexes of Rh(I) and Pd(II), which catalyze conjugate additions of boron C-nucleophiles to enones and allylic alkylations, respectively. In the Rh-catalyzed reaction, the planar chirality of the alkene exerts absolute enantiocontrol over the potent BINOL auxiliary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Leinauer
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Giorgio Parla
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Julian Messelbeger
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Alberto Herrera
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jens Langer
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ilya Chuchelkin
- Department of Chemistry, Ryazan State University Named after S. Yesenin, 46 Svoboda Street, 390000 Ryazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Grasruck
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Sibylle Frieß
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ahmed Chelouan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, B.P. 2121, 39, Hannech II, 93002 Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Konstantin Gavrilov
- Department of Chemistry, Ryazan State University Named after S. Yesenin, 46 Svoboda Street, 390000 Ryazan, Russian Federation
| | - Romano Dorta
- Department of Chemistry and Pahrmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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5
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Calderón JC, Herrera A, Heinemann FW, Langer J, Linden A, Chelouan A, Grasruck A, Añez R, Clark T, Dorta R. Stereochemical Stability of Planar-Chiral Benzazepine Tricyclics: Inversion Energies of P- and S-Alkene Ligands. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16144-16154. [PMID: 37944159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Inversion barriers ΔG‡ for planar chiral phosphine-alkene and sulfonamide-alkene hybrid ligands based on phenyl-dibenz[b,f]azepine have been determined by density-functional theory calculations. Analysis of the structural and electronic characteristics of the minima and transition states explains the magnitudes of ΔG‡ and the geometrical changes during the inversion process. The steric repulsion caused by bulky substituents attached to the azepine nitrogen atom has a pronounced effect on the ΔG‡ value, explaining, inter alia, the stereochemical stability of the P- and S-alkene ligands when compared to the fluxional parent compound where X = H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline C Calderón
- Laboratorio de Química Física y Catálisis Computacional, Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 21827, Caracas, Venezuela
- Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße. 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alberto Herrera
- Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Anorganische und Metallorganische Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Chelouan
- Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Grasruck
- Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rafael Añez
- Laboratorio de Química Física y Catálisis Computacional, Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 21827, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Timothy Clark
- Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße. 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Romano Dorta
- Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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6
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Hosseinmardi S, Scheurer A, Heinemann FW, Marigo N, Munz D, Meyer K. Closed Synthetic Cycle for Nickel-Based Dihydrogen Formation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302063. [PMID: 37615237 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Dihydrogen evolution was observed in a two-step protonation reaction starting from a Ni0 precursor with a tripodal N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand. Upon the first protonation, a NiII monohydride complex was formed, which was isolated and fully characterized. Subsequent protonation yields H2 via a transient intermediate (INT) and an isolable NiII acetonitrile complex. The latter can be reduced to regenerate its Ni0 precursor. The mechanism of H2 formation was investigated by using a deuterated acid and scrutinized by 1 H NMR spectroscopy and gas chromatography. Remarkably, the second protonation forms a rare nickel dihydrogen complex, which was detected and identified in solution and characterized by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. DFT-based computational analyses were employed to propose a reaction profile and a molecular structure of the Ni-H2 complex. Thus, a dihydrogen-evolving, closed-synthetic cycle is reported with a rare Ni-H2 species as a key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Hosseinmardi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicola Marigo
- Inorganic Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Breitwieser K, Dankert F, Grünwald A, Mayer PR, Heinemann FW, Munz D. Swift C-C bond insertion by a 12-electron palladium(0) surrogate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12104-12107. [PMID: 37728431 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The selective activation of C-C bonds holds vast promise for catalysis. So far, research has been primarily directed at rhodium and nickel under harsh reaction conditions. Herein, we report C-C insertion reactions of a 12-electron palladium(0) surrogate stabilized by a cyclic(alkyl)(amino) carbene (CAAC) ligand. Benzonitrile (1), biphenylene (2), benzocyclobutenone (3), and naphtho[b]cyclopropene (4) were studied. These substrates allow elucidation of the effect of ring strain as well as hybridization encompassing sp3, sp2 and sp hybridized carbon atoms. All reactions proceed quantitatively at or below room temperature. This work therefore outlines perspectives for mild C-C bond functionalization catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Breitwieser
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.
| | - Fabian Dankert
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.
| | - Annette Grünwald
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic and General Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, Erlangen D-91058, Germany
| | - Paula R Mayer
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic and General Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, Erlangen D-91058, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany.
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic and General Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, Erlangen D-91058, Germany
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8
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Mao W, Zhang Z, Fehn D, Jannuzzi SAV, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, van Gastel M, DeBeer S, Munz D, Meyer K. Synthesis and Reactivity of a Cobalt-Supported Singlet Nitrene. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37310290 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of a series of cobalt terminal imido complexes supported by an N-anchored tripodal tris(carbene) chelate is described, including a Co-supported singlet nitrene. Reaction of the CoI precursor [(TIMMNmes)CoI](PF6) (TIMMNmes = tris-[2-(3-mesityl-imidazolin-2-ylidene)-methyl]amine) with p-methoxyphenyl azide yields a CoIII imide [(TIMMNmes)CoIII(NAnisole)](PF6) (1). Treatment of 1 with 1 equiv of [FeCp2](PF6) at -35 °C affords a formal CoIV imido complex [(TIMMNmes)Co(NAnisole)](PF6)2 (2), which features a bent Co-N(imido)-C(Anisole) linkage. Subsequent one-electron oxidation of 2 with 1 equiv of AgPF6 provides access to the tricationic cobalt imido complex [(TIMMNmes)Co(NAnisole)](PF6)3 (3). All complexes were fully characterized, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analyses, infrared (IR) vibrational, ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) electronic absorption, multinuclear NMR, X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), and high-energy-resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy (HERFD XAS). Quantum chemical calculations provide additional insight into the electronic structures of all compounds. The dicationic CoIV imido complex 2 exhibits a doublet ground state with considerable imidyl character as a result of covalent Co-NAnisole bonding. At room temperature, 2 readily converts to a CoII amine complex involving intramolecular C-H bond amination. Electronically, tricationic complex 3 can be understood as a singlet nitrene bound to CoIII with significant CoIV imidyl radical character. Verifying the pronounced electrophilicity, nucleophiles such as H2O and tBuNH2 add to 3─analogous to the parent free nitrene─in the para position of the aromatic substituent, thus, clearly corroborating singlet nitrene-type reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sergio A V Jannuzzi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Hartline DR, Löffler ST, Fehn D, Kasper JM, Heinemann FW, Yang P, Batista ER, Meyer K. Uranium-Mediated Peroxide Activation and a Precursor toward an Elusive Uranium cis-Dioxo Fleeting Intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:8927-8938. [PMID: 37053448 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The activation of chalcogen-chalcogen bonds using organometallic uranium complexes has been well documented for S-S, Se-Se, and Te-Te bonds. In stark contrast, reports concerning the ability of a uranium complex to activate the O-O bond of an organic peroxide are exceedingly rare. Herein, we describe the peroxide O-O bond cleavage of 9,10-diphenylanthracene-9,10-endoperoxide in nonaqueous media, mediated by a uranium(III) precursor [((Me,AdArO)3N)UIII(dme)] to generate a stable uranium(V) bis-alkoxide complex, namely, [((Me,AdArO)3N)UV(DPAP)]. This reaction proceeds via an isolable, alkoxide-bridged diuranium(IV/IV) species, implying that the oxidative addition occurs in two sequential, single-electron oxidations of the metal center, including rebound of a terminal oxygen radical. This uranium(V) bis-alkoxide can then be reduced with KC8 to form a uranium(IV) complex, which upon exposure to UV light, in solution, releases 9,10-diphenylanthracene to generate a cyclic uranyl trimer through formal two-electron photooxidation. Analysis of the mechanism of this photochemical oxidation via density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicates that the formation of this uranyl trimer occurs through a fleeting uranium cis-dioxo intermediate. At room temperature, this cis-configured dioxo species rapidly isomerizes to a more stable trans configuration through the release of one of the alkoxide ligands from the complex, which then goes on to form the isolated uranyl trimer complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Hartline
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sascha T Löffler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joseph M Kasper
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ping Yang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Enrique R Batista
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Waldschmidt P, Riedhammer J, Hartline DR, Heinemann FW, Meyer K. Homoleptic Acetylacetonate (acac) and β-Ketoiminate (acnac) Complexes of Uranium. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2013-2023. [PMID: 36693018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Transmetalation of potassium salts of differently substituted acetylacetonate (acac) and β-ketoiminate (acnac) with [U(I)3(dioxane)1.5] and [U(I)4(dioxane)2] resulted in the formation of homoleptic, octahedral complexes [U(tBuacnacPh)3] (with tBuacnacPh = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-(phenylimino)heptan-3-onate) in the oxidation states +III and +IV and the homoleptic, square prismatic complexes [UIV(MeacnacPh)4] (with MeacnacPh = 4-(phenylimino)pentan-2-onate) and the homoleptic, square antiprismatic complexes [U(tBuacac)4] [with acac = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate (tBuacac), 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl,4-methyl-3,5-heptanedionate (tBuacMeac), and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-phenyl-3,5-heptanedionate (tBuacPhac)] in oxidation states +III, +IV, and +V. Oxidation of [UIII(tBuacnacPh)3] (1) with AgOTf yielded [UIV(tBuacnacPh)3][OTf] (2), which was fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, a combination of ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infrared spectroscopies, and solid-state superconducting quantum interference device magnetization studies. Complexation of the sterically less encumbering ligand derivative MeacnacPh provided access to the tetravalent, square antiprismatic complex [UIV(MeacnacPh)4] (3). Cyclovoltammetric analysis of the square antiprismatic [UIV(tBuacac)4] (4), [UIV(tBuacMeac)4] (5), and [UIV(tBuacPhac)4] (6) revealed reversible anodic and cathodic waves, attributable to the U(III/IV) and U(IV/V) redox couples, both being chemically accessible, as tested in the case of 5. The corresponding U(III) and U(V) compounds, [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][UIII(tBuacMeac)4] (7) and [UV(tBuacMeac)4][SbF6] (8), were synthesized accordingly. Unfortunately, reduced 7 proved to be too reactive for isolation and could only be detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Notably, electrochemical studies on homoleptic uranium(IV) complexes with differently derivatized (R) acRac ligands (R = H, Me, or Ph) feature large electrochemical windows of up to 2.91 V, measured between the uranium(III) and the uranium(V) species, in addition to high stability toward repeated potential scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Waldschmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Judith Riedhammer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Douglas R Hartline
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
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11
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Keilwerth M, Mao W, Jannuzzi SAV, Grunwald L, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, Sutter J, DeBeer S, Munz D, Meyer K. From Divalent to Pentavalent Iron Imido Complexes and an Fe(V) Nitride via N-C Bond Cleavage. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:873-887. [PMID: 36583993 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As key intermediates in metal-catalyzed nitrogen-transfer chemistry, terminal imido complexes of iron have attracted significant attention for a long time. In search of versatile model compounds, the recently developed second-generation N-anchored tris-NHC chelating ligand tris-[2-(3-mesityl-imidazole-2-ylidene)-methyl]amine (TIMMNMes) was utilized to synthesize and compare two series of mid- to high-valent iron alkyl imido complexes, including a reactive Fe(V) adamantyl imido intermediate en route to an isolable Fe(V) nitrido complex. The chemistry toward the iron adamantyl imides was achieved by reacting the Fe(I) precursor [(TIMMNMes)FeI(N2)]+ (1) with 1-adamantyl azide to yield the corresponding trivalent iron imide. Stepwise chemical reduction and oxidation lead to the isostructural series of low-spin [(TIMMNMes)Fe(NAd)]0,1+,2+,3+ (2Ad-5Ad) in oxidation states II to V. The Fe(V) imide [(TIMMNMes)Fe(NAd)]3+ (5Ad) is unstable under ambient conditions and converts to the air-stable nitride [(TIMMNMes)FeV(N)]2+ (6) via N-C bond cleavage. The stability of the pentavalent imide can be increased by derivatizing the nitride [(TIMMNMes)FeIV(N)]+ (7) with an ethyl group using the triethyloxonium salt Et3OPF6. This gives access to the analogous series of ethyl imides [(TIMMNMes)Fe(NEt)]0,1+,2+,3+ (2Et-5Et), including the stable Fe(V) ethyl imide. Iron imido complexes exist in a manifold of different electronic structures, ultimately controlling their diverse reactivities. Accordingly, these complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, SQUID magnetization, and electrochemical methods, as well as 57Fe Mössbauer, IR vibrational, UV/vis electronic absorption, multinuclear NMR, X-band EPR, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Our studies are complemented with quantum chemical calculations, thus providing further insight into the electronic structures of all complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Keilwerth
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Weiqing Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sergio A V Jannuzzi
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Liam Grunwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences (D-CHAB), ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Sutter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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12
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Löffler ST, Hümmer J, Scheurer A, Heinemann FW, Meyer K. Unprecedented pairs of uranium (iv/v) hydroxido and (iv/v/vi) oxido complexes supported by a seven-coordinate cyclen-anchored tris-aryloxide ligand. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11341-11351. [PMID: 36320575 PMCID: PMC9533418 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02736d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the synthesis and reactivity of a newly developed, cyclen-based tris-aryloxide ligand precursor, namely cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArOH)3, and its coordination chemistry to uranium. The corresponding uranium(iii) complex [UIII((OAr t-Bu,t-Bu)3(Me)cyclen)] (1) was characterized by 1H NMR analysis, CHN elemental analysis and UV/vis/NIR electronic absorption spectroscopy. Since no single-crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis could be obtained from this precursor, 1 was oxidized with methylene chloride or silver fluoride to yield [(cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArO)3)UIV(X)] (X = Cl (2), F (3)), which were unambiguously characterized and successfully crystallized to gain insight into the molecular structure by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (SC-XRD). Further, the activation of H2O and N2O by 1 is presented, resulting in the U(iv) complex [(cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArO)3)UIV(OH)] (4) and the U(v) complex [(cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArO)3)UV(O)] (6). Complexes 2, 3, 4, and 6 were characterized by 1H NMR analysis, CHN elemental analysis, UV/vis/NIR electronic absorption spectroscopy, IR vibrational spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetization measurements as well as cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, chemical oxidation of 3, 4, and 6 with AgF or AgSbF6 was achieved leading to complexes [(cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArO)3)UV(F)2] (5), [(cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArO)3)UV(OH)][SbF6] (7), and [(cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArO)3)UVI(O)][SbF6] (8). Finally, reduction of 7 with KC8 yielded a U(iv) complex, spectroscopically and magnetochemically identified as K[(cyclen(Me)( t-Bu,t-BuArO)3)UIV(O)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha T Löffler
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Julian Hümmer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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13
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Lämmle M, Pilz TD, Kutta RJ, Müßler M, Mengele AK, Görls H, Heinemann FW, Rau S. Insights into the different mechanistic stages of light-induced hydrogen evolution of a 5,5'-bisphenanthroline linked RuPt complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15282-15291. [PMID: 36129360 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01727j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis in conjunction with the structural, electrochemical, and photophysical characterization of a 5,5'-bisphenanthroline (phenphen) linked heterodinuclear RuPt complex (Ru(phenphen)Pt) and its light-driven hydrogen formation activity are reported. A single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis identified a perpendicular orientation of the two directly linked 1,10-phenanthroline moieties. The disruption of π-conjugation blocks intramolecular electron transfer as evidenced by a comparative time-resolved optical spectroscopy study of Ru(phenphen)Pt and the reference complexes Ru(phenphen) and Ru(phenphen)Ru. However, reductive quenching is observed in the presence of an external electron donor such as triethylamine. Irradiating Ru(phenphen)Pt with visible light (470 nm) leads to H2 formation. We discuss a potential mechanism that mainly proceeds via Pt colloids and provide indications that initial hydrogen generation may also proceed via a molecular pathway. As previous reports on related heterodinuclear RuPt-based photocatalysts revealed purely molecular hydrogen evolution, the present work thus highlights the role of the bridging ligand in stabilizing the catalytic center and consequently determining the mechanism of light-induced hydrogen evolution in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lämmle
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - T David Pilz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. .,Department Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roger Jan Kutta
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marius Müßler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Alexander K Mengele
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8-10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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14
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Mao W, Fehn D, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, van Gastel M, Jannuzzi SAV, DeBeer S, Munz D, Meyer K. Umpolung in a Pair of Cobalt(III) Terminal Imido/Imidyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206848. [PMID: 35674679 PMCID: PMC9541304 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the CoI complex [(TIMMNmes)CoI](PF6) (1) (TIMMNmes=tris‐[2‐(3‐mesityl‐imidazolin‐2‐ylidene)‐methyl]amine) with mesityl azide yields the CoIII imide [(TIMMNmes)CoIII(NMes)](PF6) (2). Oxidation of 2 with [FeCp2](PF6) provides access to a rare CoIII imidyl [(TIMMNmes)Co(NMes)](PF6)2 (3). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffractometry and EPR spectroscopy confirm the molecular structure of 3 and its S=1/2
ground state. ENDOR, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and computational analyses indicate a ligand‐based oxidation; thus, an imidyl‐radical electronic structure for 3. Migratory insertion of one ancillary NHC to the imido ligand in 2 gives the CoIN‐heterocyclic imine (4) within 12 h. Conversely, it takes merely 0.5 h for 3 to transform to the CoII congener (5). The migratory insertion in 2 occurs via a nucleophilic attack of the imido ligand at the NHC to give 4, whereas in 3, a nucleophilic attack of the NHC at the electrophilic imidyl ligand yields 5. The reactivity shunt upon oxidation of 2 to 3 confirms an umpolung of the imido ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Mao
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Sergio A. V. Jannuzzi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Current address: Saarland University Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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15
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Löffler ST, Heinemann FW, Carpentier A, Maron L, Meyer K. Molecular and Electronic Structure of Linear Uranium Metallocenes Stabilized by Pentabenzyl-Cyclopentadienyl Ligands. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha T. Löffler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ambre Carpentier
- CNRS, & INSA, LPCNO, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, & INSA, LPCNO, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Mao W, Fehn D, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, van Gastel M, Jannuzzi SAV, DeBeer S, Munz D, Meyer K. Umpolung in a Pair of Cobalt(III) Terminal Imido/Imidyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Mao
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Spectroscopy GERMANY
| | | | - Serena DeBeer
- Max-Planck-Institut für chemische Energiekonversion: Max-Planck-Institut fur chemische Energiekonversion Spectroscopy GERMANY
| | - Dominik Munz
- Saarland University: Universitat des Saarlandes Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische ChemieEgerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen GERMANY
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Grünwald A, Goswami B, Breitwieser K, Morgenstern B, Gimferrer M, Heinemann FW, Momper DM, Kay CWM, Munz D. Palladium Terminal Imido Complexes with Nitrene Character. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8897-8901. [PMID: 35575699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Whereas triplet-nitrene complexes of the late transition metals are isolable and key intermediates in catalysis, singlet-nitrene ligands remain elusive. Herein we communicate three such palladium terminal imido complexes with singlet ground states. UV-vis-NIR electronic spectroscopy with broad bands up to 1400 nm as well as high-level computations (DFT, STEOM-CCSD, CASSCF/NEVPT2, EOS analysis) and reactivity studies suggest significant palladium(0) singlet-nitrene character. Although the aliphatic nitrene complexes proved to be too reactive for isolation in analytically pure form as a result of elimination of isobutylene, the aryl congener could be characterized by SC-XRD, elemental analysis, IR-, NMR spectroscopy, and HRMS. The complexes' distinguished ambiphilicity allows them to activate hexafluorobenzene, triphenylphosphine, and pinacol borane, catalytically dehydrogenate cyclohexene, and aminate ethylene via nitrene transfer at or below room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Grünwald
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bhupendra Goswami
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kevin Breitwieser
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martí Gimferrer
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dajana M Momper
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christopher W M Kay
- Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, U.K
| | - Dominik Munz
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Guo FS, He M, Huang GZ, Giblin SR, Billington D, Heinemann FW, Tong ML, Mansikkamäki A, Layfield RA. Discovery of a Dysprosium Metallocene Single-Molecule Magnet with Two High-Temperature Orbach Processes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6017-6025. [PMID: 35420419 PMCID: PMC9044448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Magnetic bistability
in single-molecule magnets (SMMs) is a potential
basis for new types of nanoscale information storage material. The
standard model for thermally activated relaxation of the magnetization
in SMMs is based on the occurrence of a single Orbach process. Here,
we show that incorporating a phosphorus atom into the framework of
the dysprosium metallocene [(CpiPr5)Dy(CpPEt4)]+[B(C6F5)4]− (CpiPr5 is penta-isopropylcyclopentadienyl,
CpPEt4 is tetraethylphospholyl) leads to the occurrence
of two distinct high-temperature Orbach processes, with energy barriers
of 1410(10) and 747(7) cm–1, respectively. These
barriers provide experimental evidence for two different spin–phonon
coupling regimes, which we explain with the aid of ab initio calculations.
The strong and highly axial crystal field in this SMM also allows
magnetic hysteresis to be observed up to 70 K, using a scan rate of
25 Oe s–1. In characterizing this SMM, we show that
a conventional Debye model and consideration of rotational contributions
to the spin–phonon interaction are insufficient to explain
the observed phenomena. A
phospholyl-ligated dysprosium metallocene single-molecule
magnet shows two high-temperature Orbach relaxation processes with
effective energy barriers of 1410(10) and 747(7) cm−1, and magnetic hysteresis up to 70 K when using a scan rate of 25
Oe s−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QR, U.K
| | - Mian He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QR, U.K
| | - Guo-Zhang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Sean R Giblin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, U.K
| | - David Billington
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, U.K
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrabe 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ming-Liang Tong
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Akseli Mansikkamäki
- NMR Research Group, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Richard A Layfield
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QR, U.K
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Seidl V, Romero AH, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, Vogel CS, Unruh T, Wasserscheid P, Meyer K. A New Class of Task‐Specific Imidazolium Salts and Ionic Liquids and Their Corresponding Transition‐Metal Complexes for Immobilization on Electrochemically Active Surfaces. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200100. [PMID: 35172023 PMCID: PMC9315159 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Adding to the versatile class of ionic liquids, we report the detailed structure and property analysis of a new class of asymmetrically substituted imidazolium salts, offering interesting thermal characteristics, such as liquid crystalline behavior, polymorphism or glass transitions. A scalable general synthetic procedure for N‐polyaryl‐N’‐alkyl‐functionalized imidazolium salts with para‐substituted linker (L) moieties at the aryl chain, namely [LPhmImHR]+ (L=Br, CN, SMe, CO2Et, OH; m=2, 3; R=C12, PEGn; n=2, 3, 4), was developed. These imidazolium salts were studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD), NMR spectroscopy and thermochemical methods (DSC, TGA). Furthermore, these imidazolium salts were used as N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand precursors for mononuclear, first‐row transition metal complexes (MnII, FeII, CoII, NiII, ZnII, CuI, AgI, AuI) and for the dinuclear Ti‐supported Fe‐NHC complex [(OPy)2Ti(OPh2ImC12)2(FeI2)] (OPy=pyridin‐2‐ylmethanolate). The complexes were studied concerning their structural and magnetic behavior via multi‐nuclear NMR spectroscopy, SC‐XRD analyses, variable temperature and field‐dependent (VT‐VF) SQUID magnetization methods, X‐band EPR spectroscopy and, where appropriate, zero‐field 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Seidl
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Angel H. Romero
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal Instituto de Química Biológica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la República Montevideo 11400 Uruguay
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Carola S. Vogel
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Physik Institut für Physik der kondensierten Materie Staudtstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Physik Institut für Physik der kondensierten Materie Staudtstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK11) Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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20
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Seidl V, Romero AH, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, Vogel CS, Unruh T, Wasserscheid P, Meyer K. Cover Feature: A New Class of Task‐Specific Imidazolium Salts and Ionic Liquids and Their Corresponding Transition‐Metal Complexes for Immobilization on Electrochemically Active Surfaces (Chem. Eur. J. 20/2022). Chemistry 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Seidl
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Angel H. Romero
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal Instituto de Química Biológica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la República Montevideo 11400 Uruguay
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Carola S. Vogel
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Physik Institut für Physik der kondensierten Materie Staudtstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Physik Institut für Physik der kondensierten Materie Staudtstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK11) Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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21
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Frieß S, Benyak A, Herrera A, Escalona AM, Heinemann FW, Langer J, Fehn D, Pividori D, Grasruck A, Munz D, Meyer K, Dorta R. Ir(IV) Sulfoxide-Pincer Complexes by Three-Electron Oxidative Additions of Br 2 and I 2. Unprecedented Trap-Free Reductive Elimination of I 2 from a formal d 5 Metal. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1236-1248. [PMID: 34990121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative addition of 1.5 equiv of bromine or iodine to a Ir(I) sulfoxide pincer complex affords the corresponding Ir(IV) tris-bromido or tris-iodido complexes, respectively. The unprecedented trap-free reductive elimination of iodine from the Ir(IV)-iodido complex is induced by coordination of ligands or donor solvents. In the case of added I-, the isostructural tris-iodo Ir(III)-ate complex is quickly generated, which then can be readily reoxidized to the Ir(IV)-iodido complex with FcPF6 or electrochemically. DFT calculations indicate an "inverted ligand field" in the Ir(IV) complexes and favor dinuclear pathways for the reductive elimination of iodine from the formal d5 metal center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Frieß
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Benyak
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alberto Herrera
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ana M Escalona
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Pividori
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Grasruck
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Anorganische Chemie: Koordinationschemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Geb. C4.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Romano Dorta
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Liu J, Liao RZ, Heinemann FW, Meyer K, Thummel RP, Zhang Y, Tong L. Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Cobalt Complexes with a Redox Non-Innocent Polypyridine Ligand. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17976-17985. [PMID: 34808047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Novel cobalt and zinc complexes with the tetradentate ppq (8-(1″,10″-phenanthrol-2″-yl)-2-(pyrid-2'-yl)quinoline) ligand have been synthesized and fully characterized. Electrochemical measurements have shown that the formal monovalent complex [Co(ppq)(PPh3)]+ (2) undergoes two stepwise ligand-based electroreductions in DMF, affording a [Co(ppq)DMF]-1 species. Theoretical calculations have described the electronic structure of [Co(ppq)DMF]-1 as a low-spin Co(II) center coupling with a triple-reduced ppq radical ligand. In the presence of triethylammonium as the proton donor, the cobalt complex efficiently drives electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution with a maximum turnover frequency of thousands per second. A mechanistic investigation proposes an EECC H2-evolving pathway, where the second ligand-based redox process (E), generating the [Co(ppq)DMF]-1 intermediate, initiates proton reduction, and the second proton transfer process (C) is the rate-determining step. This work provides a unique example for understanding the role of redox-active ligands in electrocatalytic H2 evolution by transition metal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, No. 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Randolph P Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, 112 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lianpeng Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, No. 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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23
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Hosseinmardi S, Scheurer A, Heinemann FW, Kuepper K, Senft L, Waldschmidt P, Ivanović‐Burmazović I, Meyer K. Evaluation of Manganese Cubanoid Clusters for Water Oxidation Catalysis: From Well-Defined Molecular Coordination Complexes to Catalytically Active Amorphous Films. ChemSusChem 2021; 14:4741-4751. [PMID: 34409745 PMCID: PMC8596818 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
With a view to developing multimetallic molecular catalysts that mimic the oxygen-evolving catalyst (OEC) in Nature's photosystem II, the synthesis of various dicubanoid manganese clusters is described and their catalytic activity investigated for water oxidation in basic, aqueous solution. Pyridinemethanol-based ligands are known to support polynuclear and cubanoid structures in manganese coordination chemistry. The chelators 2,6-pyridinedimethanol (H2 L1 ) and 6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (HL2 ) were chosen to yield polynuclear manganese complexes; namely, the tetranuclear defective dicubanes [MnII 2 MnIII 2 (HL1 )4 (OAc)4 (OMe)2 ] and [MnII 2 MnIII 2 (HL1 )6 (OAc)2 ] (OAc)2 ⋅2 H2 O, as well as the octanuclear-dicubanoid [MnII 6 MnIII 2 (L2 )4 (O)2 (OAc)10 (HOMe/OH2 )2 ]⋅3MeOH⋅MeCN. In freshly prepared solutions, polynuclear species were detected by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, whereas X-band electron paramagnetic resonance studies in dilute, liquid solution suggested the presence of divalent mononuclear Mn species with g values of 2. However, the magnetochemical investigation of the complexes' solutions by the Evans technique confirmed a haphazard combination of manganese coordination complexes, from mononuclear to polynuclear species. Subsequently, the newly synthesized and characterized manganese molecular complexes were employed as precursors to prepare electrode-deposited films in a buffer-free solution to evaluate and compare their stability and catalytic activity for water oxidation electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Hosseinmardi
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Karsten Kuepper
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of OsnabrückBarbarastraße 749069OsnabrückGermany
| | - Laura Senft
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
- Present address: Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Pablo Waldschmidt
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Ivana Ivanović‐Burmazović
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
- Present address: Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
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Zolnhofer EM, Opalade AA, Jackson TA, Heinemann FW, Meyer K, Krzystek J, Ozarowski A, Telser J. Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Low-Spin Cr II Complex: trans-[CrCl 2(dmpe) 2] (dmpe = 1,2-Bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17865-17877. [PMID: 34719919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Octahedral coordination complexes of the general formula trans-[MX2(R2ECH2CH2ER2)2] (MII = Ti, V, Cr, Mn; E = N, P; R = alkyl, aryl) are a cornerstone of both coordination and organometallic chemistry, and many of these complexes are known to have unique electronic structures that have been incompletely examined. The trans-[CrCl2(dmpe)2] complex (dmpe = Me2PCH2CH2PMe2), originally reported by Girolami and co-workers in 1985, is a rare example of a six-coordinate d4 system with an S = 1 (spin triplet) ground state, as opposed to the high-spin (S = 2, spin quintet) state. The ground-state properties of S = 1 systems are challenging to study using conventional spectroscopic methods, and consequently, the electronic structure of trans-[CrCl2(dmpe)2] has remained largely unexplored. In this present work, we have employed high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectroscopy to characterize the ground-state electronic structure of trans-[CrCl2(dmpe)2]. This analysis yielded a complete set of spin Hamiltonian parameters for this S = 1 complex: D = +7.39(1) cm-1, E = +0.093(1) (E/D = 0.012), and g = [1.999(5), 2.00(1), 2.00(1)]. To develop a detailed electronic structure description for trans-[CrCl2(dmpe)2], we employed both classical ligand-field theory and quantum chemical theory (QCT) calculations, which considered all quintet, triplet, and singlet ligand-field states. While the high density of states suggests an unexpectedly complex electronic structure for this "simple" coordination complex, both the ligand-field and QCT methods were able to reproduce the experimental spin Hamiltonian parameters quite nicely. The QCT computations were also used as a basis for assigning the electronic absorption spectrum of trans-[CrCl2(dmpe)2] in toluene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Zolnhofer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Adedamola A Opalade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Timothy A Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
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25
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Pividori D, Miehlich ME, Kestel B, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, Patzschke M, Meyer K. Uranium Going the Soft Way: Low-Valent Uranium(III) Coordinated to an Arene-Anchored Tris-Thiophenolate Ligand. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16455-16465. [PMID: 34677061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a tripodal, S-based ligand, namely the mesitylene-anchored, tris-thiophenolate-functionalized (mes(Me,AdArS)3)3- (1)3-, and its coordination chemistry with low-valent uranium to form [UIII((SArAd,Me)3mes)] (1-U) are reported. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a C3-symmetric molecular structure. Full characterization of 1-U was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance, UV-vis-NIR electronic absorption, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies as well as SQUID magnetometry, thus confirming the U(III) oxidation state. Alternating current magnetic studies show that 1-U exhibits single-molecule magnet behavior at low temperatures in a non-zero external field. Comparison of these results to those of the previously reported mesitylene-anchored complexes, [UIII((OArAd,Me)3mes)] and [UIII((OArtBu,tBu)3mes)], indicates a drastic change in the electronic structure when moving from phenolate-based ligands to thiophenolate-based 1, which is further discussed by means of computational analysis (NBO, DFT, and QTAIM). Despite the U-O bonds being stronger, a much higher covalency was found for the U-S analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pividori
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias E Miehlich
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kestel
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Patzschke
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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26
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Abstract
Iron methylidene species are alleged intermediates in the Fischer-Tropsch process and in olefin cyclopropanation, yet iron methylidene complexes with unambiguously established molecular and electronic structures remain elusive. In this study, we characterize an iron terminal methylidene complex by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry (scXRD), CHN combustion elemental analysis, 1H/13C/31P/1H-13C NMR, and zero-field 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and study its reactivity. A series of closely related complexes in different oxidation states were synthesized, isolated and characterized in order to validate the electronic structure of the title methylidene complex. The computational analysis substantiates the proposed Fischer-type electronic description while emphasizing high Fe═CH2 bond covalency, considerable double bond order, and thus, substantial alkylidene character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadig Aghazada
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Saarland University, Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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27
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Mao W, Fehn D, Heinemann FW, Scheurer A, Munz D, Meyer K. A Pair of Cobalt(III/IV) Terminal Imido Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16480-16486. [PMID: 33847448 PMCID: PMC8362208 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the cobalt(I) complex [(TIMMNmes )CoI ](BPh4 ) (2) (TIMMNmes =tris-[2-(3-mesitylimidazolin-2-ylidene)methyl]amine) with 1-adamantylazide yields the cobalt(III) imido complex [(TIMMNmes )CoIII (NAd)](BPh4 ) (3) with concomitant release of dinitrogen. The N-anchor in diamagnetic 3 features an unusual, planar tertiary amine, which results from repulsive electrostatic interaction with the filled d(z2 )-orbital of the cobalt ion and negative hyperconjugation with the neighboring methylene groups. One-electron oxidation of 3 with [FeCp2 ](OTf) provides access to the rare, high-valent cobalt(IV) imido complex [(TIMMNmes )CoIV (NAd)](OTf)2 (4). Despite a half-life of less than 1 h at room temperature, 4 could be isolated at low temperatures in analytically pure form. Single-crystal X-ray diffractometry and EPR spectroscopy corroborate the molecular structure and the d5 low-spin, S= 1 / 2 , electron configuration. A computational analysis of 4 suggests high covalency within the CoIV =NAd bond with non-negligible spin density located at the imido moiety, which translates into substantial triplet nitrene character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Mao
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Inorganic ChemistryEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Inorganic ChemistryEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Inorganic ChemistryEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Inorganic ChemistryEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Inorganic ChemistryEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
- Current address: Saarland UniversityInorganic Chemistry: Coordination ChemistryCampus C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)Inorganic ChemistryEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
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28
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Messelberger J, Grünwald A, Goodner SJ, Zeilinger F, Pinter P, Miehlich ME, Heinemann FW, Hansmann MM, Munz D. Correction: Aromaticity and sterics control whether a cationic olefin radical is resistant to disproportionation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9246. [PMID: 34374707 PMCID: PMC8314201 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc90142g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D0SC00699H.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Messelberger
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Annette Grünwald
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Stephen J Goodner
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Florian Zeilinger
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Piermaria Pinter
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Matthias E Miehlich
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Max M Hansmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany.,Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Mao
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Current address: Saarland University Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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31
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Aghazada S, Fehn D, Heinemann FW, Munz D, Meyer K. Cobalt Diazo‐Compounds: From Nitrilimide to Isocyanoamide via a Diazomethanediide Fleeting Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadig Aghazada
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Current address: Saarland University Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Campus 4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Inorganic Chemistry Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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32
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Aghazada S, Fehn D, Heinemann FW, Munz D, Meyer K. Cobalt Diazo-Compounds: From Nitrilimide to Isocyanoamide via a Diazomethanediide Fleeting Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11138-11142. [PMID: 33559940 PMCID: PMC8251593 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Lithium trimethylsilyldiazomethanide and a cobalt (II) precursor with an N-anchored tris-NHC (TIMENmes ) ligand provide access to the cobalt nitrilimide 1. Complex 1 was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry (SC-XRD) and its electronic structure was examined in detail, including EPR spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry and computational analyses. The desilylation of the C-(trimethylsilyl)nitrilimide reveals a transient complex with an elusive diazomethanediide ligand, which substitutes one of the mesitylene rings of the ancillary ligand through C-N bond cleavage. This transformation results in the cyclometalated cobalt(II) complex 2, featuring a rare isocyanoamido-κ-C ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadig Aghazada
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Current address: Saarland University, Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Campus 4.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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33
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Kurz H, Schötz K, Papadopoulos I, Heinemann FW, Maid H, Guldi DM, Köhler A, Hörner G, Weber B. A Fluorescence-Detected Coordination-Induced Spin State Switch. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3466-3480. [PMID: 33636077 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The response of the spin state to in situ variation of the coordination number (CISSS) is a promising and viable approach to smart sensor materials, yet it suffers to date from insensitive detection. Herein, we present the synthetic access to a family of planar nickel(II) complexes, whose CISSS is sensitively followed by means of fluorescence detection. For this purpose, nickel(II) complexes with four phenazine-based Schiff base-like ligands were synthesized and characterized through solution-phase spectroscopy (NMR and UV-vis), solid-state structure analysis (single-crystal XRD), and extended theoretical modeling. All of them reveal CISSS in solution through axial ligating a range of N- and O-donors. CISSS correlates nicely with the basicity of the axial ligand and the substitution-dependent acidity of the nickel(II) coordination site. Remarkably, three out of the four nickel(II) complexes are fluorescent in noncoordinating solvents but are fluorescence-silent in the presence of axial ligands such as pyridine. As these complexes are rare examples of fluorescent nickel(II) complexes, the photophysical properties with a coordination number of 4 were studied in detail, including temperature-dependent lifetime and quantum yield determinations. Most importantly, fluorescence quenching upon adding axial ligands allows a "black or white", i.e. digital, sensoring of spin state alternation. Our studies of fluorescence-detected CISSS (FD-CISSS) revealed that absorption-based CISSS and FD-CISSS are super proportional with respect to the pyridine concentration: FD-CISSS features a higher sensitivity. Overall, our findings indicate a favored ligation of these nickel(II) complexes in the excited state in comparison to the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kurz
- Inorganic Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Konstantin Schötz
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Maid
- Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Köhler
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.,Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research (BIMF) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Inorganic Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Birgit Weber
- Inorganic Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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34
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Schönfeld S, Hörner G, Heinemann FW, Hofmann A, Marschall R, Weber B. Spin States of 1D Iron(II) Coordination Polymers with Redox Active TTF(py)
2
as Bridging Ligand. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Schönfeld
- Inorganic Chemistry IV University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95448 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Inorganic Chemistry IV University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95448 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Anja Hofmann
- Physical Chemistry III University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95448 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Roland Marschall
- Physical Chemistry III University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95448 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Birgit Weber
- Inorganic Chemistry IV University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 95448 Bayreuth Germany
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35
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Keilwerth M, Grunwald L, Mao W, Heinemann FW, Sutter J, Bill E, Meyer K. Ligand Tailoring Toward an Air-Stable Iron(V) Nitrido Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1458-1465. [PMID: 33430587 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A new supporting ligand, tris-[2-(3-mesityl-imidazol-2-ylidene)methyl]amine (TIMMNMes), was developed and utilized to isolate an air-stable iron(V) complex bearing a terminal nitrido ligand, which was synthesized by one-electron oxidation from the iron(IV) precursor. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of both complexes reveal that the metal-centered oxidation is escorted by iron nitride (Fe≡N) bond elongation, which in turn is accompanied by the accommodation of the high-valence iron center closer to the equatorial plane of a trigonal bipyramid. This contrasts with the previous observation of the only other literature-known Fe(IV)≡N/Fe(V)≡N redox pair, namely, [PhB(tBuIm)3FeN]0/+. On the basis of 57Fe Mössbauer, EPR, and UV/vis electronic absorption spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations, we identified the lesser degree of pyramidalization around the iron atom, the Jahn-Teller distortion, and the resulting nature of the SOMO to be the decisive factors at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Keilwerth
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liam Grunwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Weiqing Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Sutter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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36
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Grünwald A, Heinemann FW, Munz D. Oxidative Addition of Water, Alcohols, and Amines in Palladium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21088-21095. [PMID: 32745317 PMCID: PMC7692900 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The homolytic cleavage of O-H and N-H or weak C-H bonds is a key elementary step in redox catalysis, but is thought to be unfeasible for palladium. In stark contrast, reported here is the room temperature and reversible oxidative addition of water, isopropanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, phenol, and aniline to a palladium(0) complex with a cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) and a labile pyridino ligand, as is also the case in popular N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) palladium(II) precatalysts. The oxidative addition of protic solvents or adventitious water switches the chemoselectivity in catalysis with alkynes through activation of the terminal C-H bond. Most salient, the homolytic activation of alcohols and amines allows atom-efficient, additive-free cross-coupling and transfer hydrogenation under mild reaction conditions with usually unreactive, yet desirable reagents, including esters and bis(pinacolato)diboron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Grünwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus, Geb. C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Grünwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Saarland University Campus, Geb. C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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38
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Kessler F, Sarfert‐Gast W, Kuhlmann L, Ise M, Heinemann FW. Compatibility of a Gaseous Dielectric with Al, Ag, and Cu and Gas‐Phase Synthesis of a New
N
‐Acylamidine Copper Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kessler
- Siemens Gas and Power GmbH & Co. KG Guenther‐Scharowsky Str. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Wiebke Sarfert‐Gast
- Siemens Gas and Power GmbH & Co. KG Guenther‐Scharowsky Str. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Laura Kuhlmann
- Siemens Gas and Power GmbH & Co. KG Guenther‐Scharowsky Str. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Martin Ise
- Siemens Gas and Power GmbH & Co. KG Guenther‐Scharowsky Str. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Waldschmidt P, Hoerger CJ, Riedhammer J, Heinemann FW, Hauser CT, Meyer K. CO 2 Activation with Formation of Uranium Carbonate Complexes in a Closed Synthetic Cycle. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Waldschmidt
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher J. Hoerger
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Judith Riedhammer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina T. Hauser
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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40
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Zolnhofer EM, Wijeratne GB, Jackson TA, Fortier S, Heinemann FW, Meyer K, Krzystek J, Ozarowski A, Mindiola DJ, Telser J. Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Titanium(II) Coordination Complex. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6187-6201. [PMID: 32279487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stable coordination complexes of TiII (3d2) are relatively uncommon, but are of interest as synthons for low oxidation state titanium complexes for application as potential catalysts and reagents for organic synthesis. Specifically, high-spin TiII ions supported by redox-inactive ligands are still quite rare due to the reducing power of this soft ion. Among such TiII complexes is trans-[TiCl2(tmeda)2], where tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine. This complex was first reported by Gambarotta and co-workers almost 30 years ago, but it was not spectroscopically characterized and theoretical investigation by quantum chemical theory (QCT) was not feasible at that time. As part of our interest in low oxidation state early transition metal complexes, we have revisited this complex and report a modified synthesis and a low temperature (100 K) crystal structure that differs slightly from that originally reported at ambient temperature. We have used magnetometry, high-frequency and -field EPR (HFEPR), and variable-temperature variable-field magnetic circular dichroism (VTVH-MCD) spectroscopies to characterize trans-[TiCl2(tmeda)2]. These techniques yield the following S = 1 spin Hamiltonian parameters for the complex: D = -5.23(1) cm-1, E = -0.88(1) cm-1, (E/D = 0.17), g = [1.86(1), 1.94(2), 1.77(1)]. This information, in combination with electronic transitions from MCD, was used as input for both classical ligand-field theory (LFT) and detailed QCT studies, the latter including both density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio methods. These computational methods are seldom applied to paramagnetic early transition metal complexes, particularly those with S > 1/2. Our studies provide a complete picture of the electronic structure of this complex that can be put into context with the few other high-spin and mononuclear TiII species characterized to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Zolnhofer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gayan B Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Timothy A Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Skye Fortier
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Structure Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
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41
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Messelberger J, Grünwald A, Goodner SJ, Zeilinger F, Pinter P, Miehlich ME, Heinemann FW, Hansmann MM, Munz D. Aromaticity and sterics control whether a cationic olefin radical is resistant to disproportionation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4138-4149. [PMID: 34760147 PMCID: PMC8562513 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00699h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We elucidate why some electron rich-olefins such as tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) or paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinylidene) form persistent radical cations, whereas others such as the dimer of N,N'-dimethyl benzimidazolin-2-ylidene (benzNHC) do not. Specifically, three heterodimers derived from cyclic (alkyl) (amino) carbenes (CAAC) with N,N'-dimethyl imidazolin-2-ylidene (NHC), N,N'-dimethyl imidazolidin-2-ylidene (saNHC) and N-methyl benzothiazolin-2-ylidene (btNHC) are reported. Whereas the olefin radical cations with the NHC and btNHC are isolable, the NHC compound with a saturated backbone (saNHC) disproportionates instead to the biscation and olefin. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the electron-rich olefins derived from the dimerization of the saNHC and btNHC were assessed. Based on the experiments, we propose a general computational method to model the electrochemical potentials and disproportionation equilibrium. This method, which achieves an accuracy of 0.07 V (0.06 V with calibration) in reference to the experimental values, allows for the first time to rationalize and predict the (in)stability of olefin radical cations towards disproportionation. The combined results reveal that the stability of heterodimeric olefin radical cations towards disproportionation is mostly due to aromaticity. In contrast, homodimeric radical cations are in principle isolable, if lacking steric bulk in the 2,2' positions of the heterocyclic monomers. Rigid tethers increase accordingly the stability of homodimeric radical cations, whereas the electronic effects of substituents seem much less important for the disproportionation equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Messelberger
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Annette Grünwald
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Stephen J Goodner
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Florian Zeilinger
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Piermaria Pinter
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Matthias E Miehlich
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Max M Hansmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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42
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Nikol A, Zhang Z, Chelouan A, Falivene L, Cavallo L, Herrera A, Heinemann FW, Escalona A, Frieß S, Grasruck A, Dorta R. Tricyclic Sulfoxide–Alkene Hybrid Ligands for Chiral Rh(I) Complexes: The “Matched” Diastereomer Catalyzes Asymmetric C–C Bond Formations. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nikol
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ziyun Zhang
- Catalysis Research Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Chelouan
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura Falivene
- Catalysis Research Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Catalysis Research Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alberto Herrera
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ana Escalona
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sibylle Frieß
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Grasruck
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Romano Dorta
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a series of homoleptic iron complexes [Fe(benzNHCOCO)2]2-/1-/0/1+ supported by the tridentate bis-aryloxide benzimidazolin-2-ylidene pincer ligand benzNHCOCO2- (II) is presented. While the reaction of 2 equiv of free ligand II with a ferrous iron precursor leads to the isolation of the coordination polymer [Fe(benzNHCOCOK)2]n (1), treatment of II with ferric iron salts allows for the synthesis and isolation of the mononuclear, octahedral bis-pincer compound K[Fe(benzNHCOCO)2] (2) and its crown-ether derivative [K(18c6)(THF)2][Fe(benzNHCOCO)2] (3). Electrochemical studies of 2 suggested stable products upon further one- and two-electron oxidation. Hence, treatment of 2 with 1 equiv of AgPF6 yields the charge-neutral species [Fe(benzNHCOCO)2] (4). Similarly, the cationic complex [Fe(benzNHCOCO)2]PF6 (5) is obtained by addition of 2 equiv of AgPF6. The characterization of complexes 1, 3, and 4 reveals iron-centered reduction and oxidation processes; thus, preserving the dianionic, closed-shell structure of both coordinated benzNHCOCO pincer chelates, II. This implies a stabilization of a highly Lewis acidic iron(IV) center by four phenolate anions rather than charge distribution across the ligand framework with a lower formal oxidation state at iron. Notably, the overall charge-neutral iron(IV) complex undergoes reductive elimination of the pincer ligand, providing a metal-free compound that can be described as a spirocyclic imidazolone ketal (6). In contrast, the ligand-metal bonds in 5, formally an iron(V) complex, are considerably covalent, rendering the assignment of its oxidation state challenging, if not impossible. All compounds are fully characterized, and the complexes' electronic structures were studied with a variety of spectroscopic and computational methods, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD), X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and zero-field 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, variable-field and variable-temperature superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetization measurements, and multi-reference ab initio (NEVPT2/CASSCF) as well as density functional theory (DFT) studies. Taken altogether, the electronic structure of 5 is best described as an iron(IV) center antiferromagnetically coupled to a ligand-centered radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gravogl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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45
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Riedhammer J, Aguilar-Calderón JR, Miehlich M, Halter DP, Munz D, Heinemann FW, Fortier S, Meyer K, Mindiola DJ. Werner-Type Complexes of Uranium(III) and (IV). Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2443-2449. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Riedhammer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - J. Rolando Aguilar-Calderón
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matthias Miehlich
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Dominik P. Halter
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Skye Fortier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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46
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Lvov AG, Yadykov AV, Lyssenko KA, Heinemann FW, Shirinian VZ, Khusniyarov MM. Reversible Shifting of a Chemical Equilibrium by Light: The Case of Keto-Enol Tautomerism of a β-Ketoester. Org Lett 2020; 22:604-609. [PMID: 31909627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Manipulating the equilibrium between a ketone and an enol by light opens up ample opportunities in material chemistry and photopharmacology. By incorporating β-ketoester into the ethene bridge of a photoactive diarylethene, we achieved reversible light-induced tautomerization to give thermally stable enol. In a pristine state, the tautomeric equilibrium is almost completely shifted toward the ketone. Photocyclization of diarylethene results in a new equilibrium containing a significant fraction of the enol tautomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey G Lvov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky prosp , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Anton V Yadykov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky prosp , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Lyssenko
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119992 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Valerii Z Shirinian
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky prosp , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Marat M Khusniyarov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
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47
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Heinemann FW, Bugarčić ŽD, Soldatović TV. Crystal Structures of trans-Diiodidobis(2-hydroxyethylamine)platinum(II) and trans-Dichloridobis(2,2’-dihydroxydiethylamine)platinum(II). MACROHETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.6060/mhc200389s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Mörtel M, Seller M, Heinemann FW, Khusniyarov MM. A valence tautomeric cobalt-dioxolene complex with an anchoring group for prospective chemical grafting to metal oxides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17532-17536. [PMID: 33300528 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03771k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, we synthesized a valence tautomeric cobalt-dioxolene complex featuring a protected anchoring group. At room temperature, the complex reveals a nearly pure low-spin-Co(iii)-catecholate state in the solid state, but a nearly pure high-spin-Co(ii)-semiquinonate state in toluene solution. Thermal switchability of the complex in solution and in the solid state is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Mörtel
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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49
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Jung J, Löffler ST, Langmann J, Heinemann FW, Bill E, Bistoni G, Scherer W, Atanasov M, Meyer K, Neese F. Dispersion Forces Drive the Formation of Uranium–Alkane Adducts. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:1864-1870. [PMID: 31884789 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Jung
- Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy, Max-Planck Institute for Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm-Platz-1, 45470 Mülheim-an-der-Ruhr, Germany
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Sascha T. Löffler
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Langmann
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Physik und Materialwissenschaften, Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy, Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34−36, 45470 Mülheim-an-der-Ruhr, Germany
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy, Max-Planck Institute for Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm-Platz-1, 45470 Mülheim-an-der-Ruhr, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Scherer
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Physik und Materialwissenschaften, Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Mihail Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy, Max-Planck Institute for Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm-Platz-1, 45470 Mülheim-an-der-Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Georgi Bontchev Street 11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy, Max-Planck Institute for Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm-Platz-1, 45470 Mülheim-an-der-Ruhr, Germany
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50
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Aghazada S, Miehlich M, Messelberger J, Heinemann FW, Munz D, Meyer K. A Terminal Iron Nitrilimine Complex: Accessing the Terminal Nitride through Diazo N-N Bond Cleavage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18547-18551. [PMID: 31529583 PMCID: PMC6916540 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for the N−N bond cleavage of trimethylsilyl diazomethane is reported for the synthesis of terminal nitride complexes. The lithium salt of trimethylsilyl diazomethane was used to generate a rare terminal nitrilimine transition metal complex with partially occupied d‐orbitals. This iron complex 2 was characterized by CHN combustion analysis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis, single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, SQUID magnetometry, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, and computational analysis. The combined results suggest a high‐spin d 6 (S=2) electronic configuration and an allenic structure of the nitrilimine ligand. Reduction of 2 results in release of the nitrilimine ligand and formation of the iron(I) complex 3, which was characterized by CHN combustion analysis, 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. Treatment of 2 with fluoride salts quantitatively yields the diamagnetic FeIV nitride complex 4, with concomitant formation of cyanide and trimethylsilyl fluoride through N−N bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadig Aghazada
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Miehlich
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julian Messelberger
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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