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Arefnia B, Horina A, Nazerani-Zemann T, Seinost G, Rieder M, Wimmer G. Nuclear imaging to visualize periodontal inflammation: Findings of a randomized controlled trial. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38438328 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate non-surgical periodontal therapy by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (2-[18 F]FDG) uptake using positron emission tomography (PET) integrated with computed tomography (CT). SUBJECTS Eighty-five patients with peripheral artery disease and severe periodontitis-randomized into three groups receiving therapy with (PT1; n = 29) or without (PT2; n = 28) systemic antibiotics or no treatment (controls: n = 28)-underwent nuclear imaging at baseline and at 3 months. RESULTS Clinical inflammation (periodontal inflamed surface area; PISA) did not significantly differ across the groups at baseline (p = 0.395) but was significantly reduced at 3 months (p < 0.001), and significantly more so in the PT1/PT2 groups than in the control group (p < 0.001/=0.025) and in the PT1 than in the P2 group (p = 0.001). Radiotracer uptake was measured in both jaws using maximum and mean 'standardized uptake values' (SUVmax , SUVmean ) and 'target-to-background ratios' (TBRmax , TBRmean ). At 3 months, reductions were relatively small in absolute numbers and fell short of revealing correlations with PISA or significant differences across the groups. Still, they were very consistent in both treatment groups, whereas reductions were not consistently seen in the control group. CONCLUSIONS 2-[18 F]FDG PET/CT scans did reflect the clinical effects of periodontal treatment very consistently but, for reasons yet to be clarified, less closely than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Arefnia
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Prosthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anja Horina
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Nazerani-Zemann
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Seinost
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marcus Rieder
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Prosthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gernot Wimmer
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Prosthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Lindner-Rabl S, Singler K, Polidori MC, Herzog C, Antoniadou E, Seinost G, Roller-Wirnsberger R. Effectiveness of multi-professional educational interventions to train Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) - a Systematic Review. Int J Integr Care 2023; 23:9. [PMID: 37601034 PMCID: PMC10437136 DOI: 10.5334/ijic.7549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As the world population ages, health and social care professionals are increasingly confronted with patients with chronic long-term conditions and multimorbidity, requiring an extensive assessment and integrated care management strategy. The aim of this paper was to systematically collect and assess evidence of interprofessional education and training strategies for Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) to build a competent health workforce. Methods A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and the databases Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane and Embase were searched for studies illustrating effectiveness of educational interventions for teaching and training CGA in an interprofessional context. Results Based on 21 identified studies, a great variability and heterogeneity in duration, setting and design of the interventions was identified. Promising results were found in the domains analysed, ranging from knowledge and skills; practices and behaviour; patient health outcomes; attitudes and perceptions to collaboration and quality of care. Discussion Education and training of transversal skills within a continuous learning approach is key to equip the health care workforce for successful CGA performance in an interprofessional environment. Conclusion Further research in this field is recommended to strengthen the evidence-base towards development of a resilient and integrated health care workforce for an ageing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Lindner-Rabl
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Katrin Singler
- Institute for Biomedicine of Ageing, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - M. Cristina Polidori
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Ageing Clinical Research, Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress-Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Herzog
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Gerald Seinost
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Graz, Austria
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Hackl G, Prenner A, Jud P, Hafner F, Rief P, Seinost G, Pilger E, Brodmann M. Auricular vagal nerve stimulation in peripheral arterial disease patients. VASA 2017; 46:462-470. [DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: Auricular nerve stimulation has been proven effective in different diseases. We investigated if a conservative therapeutic alternative for claudication in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD) via electroacupuncture of the outer ear can be established. Patients and methods: In this prospective, double-blinded trial an ear acupuncture using an electroacupuncture device was carried out in 40 PAD patients in Fontaine stage IIb. Twenty patients were randomized to the verum group using a fully functional electroacupuncture device, the other 20 patients received a sham device (control group). Per patient, eight cycles (1 cycle = 1 week) of electroacupuncture were performed. The primary endpoint was defined as a significantly more frequent doubling of the absolute walking distance after eight cycles in the verum group compared to controls in a standardized treadmill testing. Secondary endpoints were a significant improvement of the total score of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ) as well as improvements in health related quality of life using the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Results: There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The initial walking distance significantly increased in both groups (verum group [means]: 182 [95 % CI 128–236] meters to 345 [95 % CI 227–463] meters [+ 90 %], p < 0.01; control group [means]: 159 [95 % CI 109–210] meters to 268 [95 % CI 182–366] meters [+ 69 %], p = 0.01). Twelve patients (60 %) in the verum group and five patients (25 %) in controls reached the primary endpoint of doubling walking distance (p = 0.05). The total score of WIQ significantly improved in the verum group (+ 22 %, p = 0.01) but not in controls (+ 8 %, p = 0.56). SF-36 showed significantly improvements in six out of eight categories in the verum group and only in one of eight in controls. Conclusions: Electroacupuncture of the outer ear seems to be an easy-to-use therapeutic option in an age of increasingly invasive and mechanically complex treatments for PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Hackl
- Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Prenner
- Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Jud
- Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Franz Hafner
- Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Rief
- Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Seinost
- Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Pilger
- Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Hackl G, Jud P, Avian A, Gary T, Deutschmann H, Seinost G, Brodmann M, Hafner F. COPART Risk Score, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Arterial Hypertension are Independent Risk Factors for Mortality in Claudicants. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 52:211-7. [PMID: 27369292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COPART risk score consists of six variables to assess the prognosis of PAOD patients. The flow mediated dilation (FMD) quantifies endothelial function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mortality prediction of these two variables in a long-term observation of claudicants. METHODS 184 consecutive claudicants were included in a prospective observational study over a median observation period of 7.9 (IQR 7.2-8.7) years. The endothelial function was assessed on the day of study inclusion using brachial FMD. RESULTS Three groups were assigned according to the COPART risk score: low risk (LR), n = 72 (39%); medium risk (MR), n = 59 (32%); and high risk (HR), n = 53 (29%). Overall survival rates differed among COPART risk score groups (p < .001, 5 year survival: LR group 83% [95% CI 74-92%]; MR group 73% [95% CI 62-84%]; HR group 57% [95% CI 43-70%]). Survivors had a significantly better median FMD than non-survivors (4.1% [IQR 1.2-6.4] vs. 1.3% [IQR 0.0-4.2]; p < .001). Also the FMD differed significantly among the three COPART risk groups (LR 4.0% [IQR 1.2-6.3], MR 2.3% [IQR 0.0-6.3], HR 1.7% [IQR 0.0-3.6]; p = .033). Finally, independent predictors for disease specific survival were COPART risk score (p = .033; MR group [HR 1.6], 95% CI 0.7-3.6; HR group [HR 2.7], 95% CI 1.2-5.8), FMD (p = .004; FMD ≤2.5 vs. >2.5, HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.4-4.9), and arterial hypertension (p = .039; HR 3.5, 95% CI 1.1-11.3). CONCLUSIONS COPART risk score, FMD, and arterial hypertension are independent long-term mortality predictors in this group of claudicants. The best mortality assessment is provided by including all three predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hackl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Austria.
| | - P Jud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - A Avian
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - T Gary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - H Deutschmann
- Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - G Seinost
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - M Brodmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - F Hafner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Austria
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Hackl G, Belaj K, Gary T, Rief P, Deutschmann H, Seinost G, Brodmann M, Hafner F. COPART Risk Score Predicts Long-term Mortality in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 50:94-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hafner F, Kieninger A, Meinitzer A, Gary T, Froehlich H, Haas E, Hackl G, Eller P, Brodmann M, Seinost G. Endothelial dysfunction and brachial intima-media thickness: long term cardiovascular risk with claudication related to peripheral arterial disease: a prospective analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93357. [PMID: 24740106 PMCID: PMC3989175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the development, progression, and clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis, and in symptomatic peripheral arterial disease, endothelial dysfunction and enlarged intima-media thickness might be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Flow-mediated dilatation and serologic parameters are used to evaluate individual endothelial function. Brachial intima-media thickness, a less recognized parameter of cardiovascular risk, is independently associated with coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of ultrasound and serologic parameters of endothelial function in relation to cardiovascular mortality in peripheral arterial disease. Design monocentric, prospective cohort study. Methods Flow mediated dilatation and brachial intima-media thickness were assessed in 184 (124 male) patients with peripheral arterial disease (Rutherford stages 2–3). Serologic parameters of endothelial function included asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and L-homoarginine. Cardiovascular events were recorded during a follow-up of 99.1±11.1 months. Subjects who died of noncardiovascular causes were excluded from further analysis. Results Eighty-two patients (44.6%) died during follow-up after a mean duration of 49.7±28.3 months. There were 49 cardiovascular deaths (59.8%) and 33 other deaths (40.2%). Flow mediated dilatation was associated with cardiovascular death [1.17% (0.0, 4.3) vs. 4.1% (1.2, 6.4), p<0.001]. Intima-media thickness was greater in patients who succumbed to cardiovascular disease [0.37 mm (0.30, 0.41)] than in survivors [0.21 mm (0.15, 0.38), p<0.001]. Brachial intima-media thickness above 0.345 mm was most predictive of cardiovascular death, with sensitivity and specificity values of 0.714 and 0.657, respectively (p<0.001). Furthermore, ADMA levels above 0.745 µmol/l and SDMA levels above 0.825 µmol/l were significantly associated with cardiovascular death (p<0.001 and 0.030). Conclusion In symptomatic peripheral arterial disease, decreased flow mediated dilatation, enlarged intima-media thickness, and elevated levels of ADMA and SDMA were associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Hafner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Kieninger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Gary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Froehlich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elke Haas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hackl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Eller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marianne Brodmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Gerald Seinost
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Brodmann M, Gary T, Hafner F, Eller P, Deutschmann H, Pilger E, Seinost G. Acute wiiitis representing as thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and left pelvic veins. Phlebology 2014; 30:486-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0268355514530278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis as a result of venous wall injury provoked by trauma is a common finding. It often occurs in patients with sportive overstraining, caused by over fatigue of the body structures. In 2007, the entity of “acute wiiitis” was first described in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. Acute wiiitis sums up all affections, mainly skeletal and muscle affections, provoked by playing Nintendo Wii, a very common and loved video-game system. Deep venous thrombosis as a consequence of Nintendo Wii has not been described so far. We present a patient with a massive free floating thrombus of the left pelvic veins originating from the gluteal veins and reaching into the inferior vena cava after playing Nintendo Wii.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodmann
- Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T Gary
- Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - F Hafner
- Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - P Eller
- Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H Deutschmann
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - E Pilger
- Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - G Seinost
- Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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Hackl G, Ratschek M, Gary T, Belaj K, Brodmann M, Seinost G. Progressive jugular vein thrombosis in cutaneous extramedullary plasmacytoma. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93:177-8. [PMID: 24483838 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Hackl
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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Brodmann M, Hafner F, Gary T, Seinost G, Pilger E. Impaired endothelial-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation in patients with thromboangiitis obliterans. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2012; 19:33-6. [PMID: 22311632 DOI: 10.1177/1076029611435093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction is the key process in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate endothelial dysfunction measured by the noninvasive technique of Celermajer that plays a role in the pathogenesis of thrombangitis obliterans. METHODS A total of 36 patients with thrombangitiis obliterans ([TAO]; mean age 44.9 ± 1.3 years) were compared with 30 healthy individuals (mean age 36.1 ± 1.8 years). High frequency ultrasound was used to measure changes in response to reactive hyperemia (leading to flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilatation) and in response to 0.4 mg sublingual nitroglycerin ([NTG]; leading to NTG-induced, endothelium-independent dilatation). RESULTS Patients with TAO showed a lower but statistically not significant flow-mediated dilatation and a statistically significant reduced NTG-induced vasodilatation than the control group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that both mechanisms play a role in patients with TAO, the endothelium-independent impaired vasodilatation even in a more significant way than the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Gary T, Seinost G, Hafner F, Gorkiewicz G, Brodmann M. Cystic medial necrosis Erdheim Gsell as a rare reason for spontaneous rupture of the ascending aorta. VASA 2011; 40:147-9. [PMID: 21500180 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous rupture of the ascending aorta is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention. The rupture usually leads to sudden death as a result of hemopericardium or hemothorax. The underlying histopathological condition in the cases described so far was mostly an atheromatous plaque. Some other rare underlying conditions were also described. We report a case of cystic medial necrosis Erdheim Gsell as a reason for fatal spontaneous rupture of the ascending aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gary
- Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Hafner F, Seinost G, Gary T, Tomka M, Szolar D, Brodmann M. Axillary vein compression by Langer's axillary arch, an aberrant muscle bundle of the latissimus dorsi. Cardiovasc Pathol 2010; 19:e89-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2008.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Revised: 10/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Gary T, Gries A, Pilger E, Seinost G, Brodmann M. PO19-520 COLLAGEN INDUCED ACCELERATED PLATELET AGGREGATION AS A POSSIBLE CAUSE FOR RESTENOSIS AFTER STENT IMPLANTATION IN PAOD. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Brodmann
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Brodmann M, Seinost G, Stark G, Pilger E. Aggravation of pre-existing atrioventricular block, Wenckebach type, provoked by application of X-ray contrast medium. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2006; 29:1114-6. [PMID: 16988879 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-005-0133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant bradycardia followed by cardiac arrest related to single bolus administration of X-ray contrast medium into a peripheral artery has not, to our knowledge, been described in the literature. METHODS AND RESULTS While performing a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the left superficial femoral artery in a 68-year old patient with a pre-existing atrioventricular (AV) block, Wenckebach type, he developed an AV block III after a single bolus injection of intra-arterial X-ray contrast medium. CONCLUSION We believe that application of contrast medium causes a transitory ischemia in the obstructed vessel and therefore elevation of endogenous adenosine. In the case of a previously damaged AV node this elevation of endogenous adenosine may be responsible for the development of a short period of third-degree AV block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Brodmann
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
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Brodmann M, Lipp RW, Passath A, Seinost G, Pabst E, Pilger E. The role of 2-18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis of the temporal arteries. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2004; 43:241-2. [PMID: 13130153 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As one of the diagnostic criteria for giant cell arteritis affecting the temporal arteries (temporal arteritis) is still biopsy-proven vasculitis of the affected artery, the aim of our study was to evaluate the value of a non-invasive procedure, 2-(18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (F-18-FDG-PET), in the diagnosis of Horton's disease. METHODS During a period of 10 months, 22 consecutive patients with the clinical diagnosis of giant cell arteritis and a positive hypoechogenic halo in duplex sonography were re-examined with F-18-FDG-PET. Six patients had giant cell arteritis involving both the large arteries and the temporal arteries; five patients showed giant cell arteritis only in the large arteries without concomitant involvement of the temporal arteries, and the remaining 11 patients showed only involvement of the temporal arteries. All patients were examined by sonography and F-18-FDG-PET, which was performed before treatment with corticosteroids. RESULTS All patients with positive signs of giant cell arteritis in duplex sonography, i.e. a hypoechogenic halo in the large arteries (thoracic, subclavian, axillary, iliac, aorta), also showed elevated FDG uptake in the same vessels, with complete agreement in the anatomical distribution of changes. When positive sonography was limited to the temporal arteries, FDG-PET was completely negative in the temporal arteries and all other arterial locations. CONCLUSION PET is not yet suitable for the diagnosis of temporal arteritis and therefore cannot replace invasive biopsy. F-18-FDG-PET is well suited to the demonstration of giant cell arteritis in arteries exceeding 4 mm in diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, University Hospital, Graz, Austria.
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Deutschmann H, Brodmann M, Schöllnast H, Seinost G, Tiessenhausen K, Preidler KW, Pilger E, Szolar DH. Periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit: Vergleich der kontrastverstärkten 3D Magnetresonanzangiographie mittels Panoramatisch mit der konventionellen digitalen Subtraktionsangiographie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-827543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Brodmann M, Passath A, Aigner R, Seinost G, Stark G, Pilger E. F18-FDG-PET as a helpful tool in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2003; 42:1264-6. [PMID: 14508046 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Gugl A, Renner W, Seinost G, Brodmann M, Pabst E, Wascher TC, Paulweber B, Iglseder B, Pilger E. Two polymorphisms in the fracalkine receptor CX3CR1 are not associated with peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis 2003; 166:339-43. [PMID: 12535747 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(02)00362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CX(3)CR1 is a novel chemokine receptor located on monocytes. Recently, two polymorphisms were linked to coronary artery disease (CAD), V249I and T280M. Carriers of at least one I-allele or one M-allele were found less frequently among patients with CAD compared to controls. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of these polymorphisms on the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). METHODS 522 human subjects with documented PAD and 522 age and sex matched controls were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion. RESULTS Adjusted odds ratio (OR) of carriers of the I-allele for PAD was 1.34 (95% confidential interval (CI) from 0.86 to 2.09; P=0.19). The OR associated with the M-allele for PAD was 0.65 (95% CI from 0.41 to 1.04; P=0.07), when tested in the same regression analysis with the V249I genotypes. The genotypes were not linked to age at onset or severity of the disease. A subgroup of 137 CAD patients of whom 131 could be genotyped and who did not differ in baseline parameters from the remaining PAD patients, showed VV-genotype in 52.0%, VI in 42.7% and II in 5.3% CAD (OR associated with the I-allele for CAD: 1.29; 95% CI: 0.66-2.51; P=0.46). The distribution of the T280M genotypes was 67.1, 29.8, 3.1% (TT, TM, MM) also showing no association with CAD (OR=0.77; 95% CI 0.36-1.46; P=0.37). CONCLUSION In this study we could not detect a difference in genotype frequencies of the V249I and T280M polymorphisms in CX(3)CR1 between PAD patients and controls. CAD concomitant with PAD was also not affected by the I- or the M-allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gugl
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine, Karl Franzens University, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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Brodmann M, Renner W, Seinost G, Pabst E, Stark G, Pilger E. Genetic evaluation of the common variant of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (Glu(298)-><Asp) in patients with thromboangiitis obliterans. INT ANGIOL 2002; 21:169-72. [PMID: 12110779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide is synthesized by endothelial nitric oxide synthase and plays a key role in adequate endothelial function. An important effect is the reduction of free radicals caused by cigarette smoking, which is the only established risk factor for thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). In patients with TAO a genetic defect of endothelial nitric oxide synthase may therefore result in deteriorated endothelial function. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether a genetic defect of the common variant of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (Glu(298)-->Asp) can be found in a higher degree in patients with TAO compared to healthy controls. METHODS We enrolled 42 patients with TAO and 149 healthy subjects. RESULTS Nineteen patients (45.2%) showed homozygosity for Glu(298) versus 76 (51%) in the control group. The heterozygous status for Glu(298)-->Asp was found among 18 patients (42.9%) compared to 61 (40.9%) members of the control group, which was a nearly equal distribution. Homozygosity for the mutant Asp(298) was slightly elevated in the patient group with 11.9 versus 8.1% in the control group. Allele frequency for Asp(298) was 0.333. CONCLUSIONS Our data do not show elevated homozygosity for the common variant Glu(298)-->Asp in patients with TAO compared to healthy controls. The limitation of our evaluation is the small number of patients, which is a general problem when evaluating patients with TAO, as this is not a common disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodmann
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Brodmann M, Stark G, Aschauer M, Spendel S, Pabst E, Seinost G, Pilger E. Hypothenar hammer syndrome caused by posttraumatic aneurysm of the ulnar artery. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2001; 113:698-700. [PMID: 11603106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The so-called hypothenar hammer syndrome is a rare entity caused by lesions of the ulnar artery secondary to repetitive trauma to the hypothenar eminence, typically found in persons working with vibrating tools. Its clinical symptoms are pain, stiffness and whitening of the smitten fingers, sometimes in combination with Raynaud's syndrome. Angiographic evaluation of the smitten forearm and hand reveals occlusions, kinking, vasospasm and stenoses of the arteries in the hand and fingers. An aneurysm of the ulnar artery causing the hypothenar hammer syndrome is an even more rare morphological finding. The difficult aspect of treating a hypothenar hammer syndrome is to reopen the occluded vessels. Eventually, circulation deteriorates and skin lesions of the fingers may occur. The advantage of an isolated aneurysm of the ulnar artery is that normal circulation can be restored by vascular surgery, for example, with a vessel interponate. Surgical removal of the isolated aneurysm helps to prevent microembolism to the distal arteries and consequent deterioration of peripheral circulation. We report a young patient who presented with clinical symptoms of the hypothenar hammer syndrome and an aneurysm of the distal ulnar artery, diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography. The only likely cause of the aneurysm was a bicycle accident some months prior to the occurrence of the aneurysm. The patient underwent vascular surgery and has been free of symptoms during six months of follow-up. A control magnetic resonance angiography performed one month after surgery revealed a normal vascular morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodmann
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Graz, Austria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodmann
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Renner W, Winkler M, Hoffmann C, Köppel H, Seinost G, Brodmann M, Pilger E. The PlA1/A2 polymorphism of platelet glycoprotein IIIa is not associated with deep venous thrombosis. INT ANGIOL 2001; 20:148-51. [PMID: 11533523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa, a fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor binding membrane receptor, has an important role in platelet aggregation. A common leucine33-proline polymorphism (PlA1/A2) of the gene encoding the GP IIIa subunit is associated with platelet reactivity and has been proposed as a risk factor for atherothrombotic disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of this polymorphism for deep venous thrombosis (DVT). METHODS We performed a case-control study including 206 patients with documented DVT and a sex- and age-matched group of 310 control subjects. GP IIIa genotypes were determined by restriction fragment analysis of amplimers containing the polymorphic site. RESULTS A1/A1, A1/A2 and A2/A2 genotypes were found in 67.0, 31.6 and 1.5 percent of patients and 72.3, 25.8 and 1.9 percent of controls (p=0.35), PlA2 allele frequencies were 0.17 in patients and 0.15 in controls (p=0.92). Odds ratio of the PlA2 allele for DVT was 1.21 (95 percent CI 0.85-1.71, p=0.29) and remained insignificant after adjustment for factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210A genotypes (1.22, 95 percent CI 0.86-1.75, p=0.27). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the PlA1/A2 polymorphism of GP IIIa is not associated with DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Renner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Graz, Austria.
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Brodmann M, Stark G, Pabst E, Seinost G, Schweiger W, Szolar D, Pilger E. Cystic adventitial degeneration of the popliteal artery-the diagnostic value of duplex sonography. Eur J Radiol 2001; 38:209-12. [PMID: 11399375 DOI: 10.1016/s0720-048x(00)00302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cystical adventitial degeneration of the popliteal artery is a disorder which is difficult to diagnose, due to the similarity of the symptoms of people presenting with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) or popliteal entrapment syndrome. The only thing that differs from patients suffering from PAOD is the lack of typical risk factors for arteriosclerosis. Typical diagnostic procedures like conventional angiography or magnetic resonance Imaging angiography can be negative, too and therefore misleading. The only which is crucial in the diagnosis of cystic adventitial degeneration of the popliteal artery is to know the morphological background of this disorder, namely that it is a cyst of the adventitia of the artery which leads to a dynamic exercise-dependent flow inhibition. We present a 57-year old white male who had a week's history of intermittent claudication in his left calf. He was lacking of typical risk factors for arteriosclerosis and on first examination all pulses in both lower extremities were palpable and Doppler index on both legs was >1. Only duplexsonography revealed a cystic formation impressing the left popliteal artery in the hight of the rift in the popliteal joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodmann
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Karl-Franzens University Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria.
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Roller RE, Nimmrichter V, Trinker M, Seinost G, Schnedl WJ, Pilger E. Oxidative stress during peripheral angioplasty. Implication for late restenosis? INT ANGIOL 2001; 20:131-5. [PMID: 11533520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is routine treatment for patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The procedure induces local generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as H2O2. Since these have been shown to stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell growth (VSMCG), we investigated peroxide levels in patients with PAD during PTA and related these results to late clinical outcome. METHODS Thirty patients (17 male, 13 female, 20 Fontain stage II, 10 Fontaine stage IV, median age 68 years) undergoing PTA of a 2-6 cm stenosis of the femoral or popliteal artery were included. The procedure was performed successfully in all patients. At follow-up six months thereafter restenosis was evaluated by duplex sonography. Total peroxide concentrations were determined in plasma drawn before, 6, 24 and 48 hours after the procedure by the Operoxide activityO assay, which is based on the reaction of horseradish peroxidase with plasma peroxides, using tetramethylbenzidine as the chromogenic substrate. RESULTS The median peroxide level before angioplasty was 280 mmol/L (range 47-549). Levels were higher in patients with advanced disease, in smokers and in patients with diabetes. In response to angioplasty, peroxide levels increased within 48 hours (p<0.001). Six months after the procedure, restenosis was observed in 10/30 (33 percent) of patients. Clinical outcome was not dependent upon baseline or postinterventional peroxide levels. CONCLUSIONS Elevated peroxide levels are seen in patients with advanced arteriosclerotic disease and in those with diabetes, but are not predictive for late restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Roller
- Division of Angiology, Karl Franzens University School of Medicine, Graz, Austria.
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Baranton G, Seinost G, Theodore G, Postic D, Dykhuizen D. Distinct levels of genetic diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi are associated with different aspects of pathogenicity. Res Microbiol 2001; 152:149-56. [PMID: 11316368 DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2508(01)01186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Different species of pathogenic Borrelia show different symptoms and tick vector specificity. Even within regions where only one species is found, Lyme disease progresses very differently from one patient to another. Since Borrelia shows very little recombination either within or between species, alleles of a gene can be used to mark clones. The ospC gene is highly variable within each species and can be used to define groups of related clones. It has been previously shown that only four out of seventeen ospC groups of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto cause invasive forms of the disease. Other groups cause erythema migrans, a skin rash at the site of the tick bite, but not invasive disease, while still other groups seem to be nonpathogenic to humans. In this study we extend the analysis of the ospC gene to the other pathogenic species, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii. Only two groups in B. afzelii and four groups in B. garinii cause invasive disease. Thus, only ten out of the 58 defined ospC groups cause invasive and presumably chronic Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Baranton
- Unité de bactériologie moléculaire et médicale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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Köppel H, Renner W, Seinost G, Pilger E. Idiopathic deep vein thrombosis in siblings with homozygous factor V Leiden mutation. Thromb Haemost 2001; 85:562-3. [PMID: 11307833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Brodmann M, Renner W, Stark G, Ramschak H, Seinost G, Pilger E. Coinheritance of factor V Leiden (F5 1691A) and prothrombin 20210 A (F2 20210A) in an Austrian family as cause for early onset of venous thromboembolism. Thromb Res 2001; 101:421-2. [PMID: 11421205 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(00)00420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Renner W, Seinost G, Pilger E, Köppel H. Idiopathic Deep Vein Thrombosis in Siblings with Homozygous Factor V Leiden Mutation. Thromb Haemost 2001. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1615625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Seinost G, Renner W, Brodmann M, Winkler M, Köppel H, Pilger E. C677T mutation in the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene as a risk factor for venous thrombotic disease in Austrian patients. Thromb Res 2000; 100:405-7. [PMID: 11150582 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(00)00341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Seinost
- Division of Angiology, Department of Medicine, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Gasser R, Reisinger E, Eber B, Pokan R, Seinost G, Berglöff J, Horwarth R, Sedaj B, Klein W. Cases of Lyme borreliosis resistant to conventional treatment: improved symptoms with cephalosporin plus specific beta-lactamase inhibition. Microb Drug Resist 2000; 1:341-4. [PMID: 9158807 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We present four cases of verified late Lyme borreliosis with persistent symptoms and positive serology despite repeated courses of high-dose intravenous penicillin G and/or cephalosporins (including cefoperazone). The patients were now treated with cefoperazone 2 g plus sulbactam 1 g bid iv for 14 days. At the end of treatment, patients were symptom free and have remained so for the following 12 months. By then, IgG against Borrelia burgdorferi had decreased. It is concluded that the addition of beta-lactamase inhibitors to intravenous treatment could be beneficial in Lyme disease refractory to conventional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gasser
- Department of Medicine, University of Graz, Austria
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Seinost G, Golde WT, Berger BW, Dunn JJ, Qiu D, Dunkin DS, Dykhuizen DE, Luft BJ, Dattwyler RJ. Infection with multiple strains of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in patients with Lyme disease. Arch Dermatol 1999; 135:1329-33. [PMID: 10566830 DOI: 10.1001/archderm.135.11.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess human skin biopsy specimens from erythema migrans lesions for the presence of infection with multiple strains of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. DESIGN Skin biopsy specimens were obtained prospectively from patients with erythema migrans. To determine allelic differences and strain identification of B burgdorferi, the biopsy specimens were analyzed by cold single-strand conformation polymorphism of an amplified fragment of the outer surface protein C (ospC) gene. Further single-strand conformation polymorphism patterns of amplified ospC genes from culture isolates were compared with polymerase chain reaction products obtained directly from erythema migrans biopsy specimens. SETTING A private dermatology office and a university medical center outpatient department. PATIENTS Sixteen patients presenting with erythema migrans. RESULTS Two of the 16 patients in this cohort were infected with 2 B burgdorferi sensu stricto strains, as evidenced by 2 ospC alleles in their skin biopsy results. CONCLUSION This is the first documented description of the existence of more than a single strain of B burgdorferi sensu stricto in a human specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Seinost
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 11794-8161, USA
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Seinost G, Dykhuizen DE, Dattwyler RJ, Golde WT, Dunn JJ, Wang IN, Wormser GP, Schriefer ME, Luft BJ. Four clones of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto cause invasive infection in humans. Infect Immun 1999; 67:3518-24. [PMID: 10377134 PMCID: PMC116539 DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.7.3518-3524.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease begins at the site of a tick bite, producing a primary infection with spread of the organism to secondary sites occurring early in the course of infection. A major outer surface protein expressed by the spirochete early in infection is outer surface protein C (OspC). In Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, OspC is highly variable. Based on sequence divergence, alleles of ospC can be divided into 21 major groups. To assess whether strain differences defined by ospC group are linked to invasiveness and pathogenicity, we compared the frequency distributions of major ospC groups from ticks, from the primary erythema migrans skin lesion, and from secondary sites, principally from blood and spinal fluid. The frequency distribution of ospC groups from ticks is significantly different from that from primary sites, which in turn is significantly different from that from secondary sites. The major groups A, B, I, and K had higher frequencies in the primary sites than in ticks and were the only groups found in secondary sites. We define three categories of major ospC groups: one that is common in ticks but very rarely if ever causes human disease, a second that causes only local infection at the tick bite site, and a third that causes systemic disease. The finding that all systemic B. burgdorferi sensu stricto infections are associated with four ospC groups has importance in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Seinost
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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Seinost G, Gasser R, Reisinger E, Rigler MY, Fischer L, Keplinger A, Dattwyler RJ, Dunn JJ, Klein W. [Cardiac manifestations of Lyme borreliosis with special reference to contractile dysfunction]. Acta Med Austriaca 1998; 25:44-50. [PMID: 9681041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi infection (BBI) is suggested to be associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC). Stanek et al. were able to cultivate Borrelia burgdorferi (BB) from myocardial biopsy tissue of a patient with longstanding dilated cardiomyopathy. Here we present a study in which we examined the effect of standard antibiotic treatment on the left ventricular ejection fraction (LV-EF) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy associated with BBI. In this study we assessed the serum (IgG, IgM ELISA; Western Blot) and the history of 46 IDC-patients with specific respect spect to BBI (mean LV-EF: 30.4 +/- 1.3%; measured by cardiac catheterisation and echocardiography--length-area-volume method). All 46 patients received standard treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy: ACE-inhibitors, digitalis and diuretics. 11 (24%) patients showed positive serology and a history of BBI; 9 of these also had a typical history of tick bite and erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) and/or other organ involvement, 2 had no recollection of tick bite or EMC, but showed other BB-associated disorders (neuropathy, oligoarthritis). These 11 patients with BBI received standard antibiotic treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone 2 g bid for 14 days. 6 (55%) recovered completely and showed a normal LV-EF after 6 months, 3 (27%) improved their LV-EF and 2 (18%) did not improve at all. This amounts to 9 (82%) recovery/improvement in the BB-group. The 35 patients who did not show positive serology or a history of BBI did not receive antibiotic treatment. In this group without BBI 12 (26%) showed recovery/improvement following the standard treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy (see above). Our results indicate that BBI could play a decisive role in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy, especially in a geographical region as Graz, where BB is endemic. While aware of the small number of BB-patients in this study, we nevertheless conclude that, in a remarkable number of patients with signs of BBI, dilated cardiomyopathy could be reversed and LV-EF improved upon standard antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Seinost
- Klinischen Abteilung für Kardiologie, Medizinischen Universitätsklinik Graz, Osterreich.
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Gasser R, Fruhwald F, Schumacher M, Seinost G, Reisinger E, Eber B, Keplinger A, Horvath R, Sedaj B, Klein W, Pierer K. Reversal of Borrelia burgdorferi associated dilated cardiomyopathy by antibiotic treatment? Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1996; 10:351-60. [PMID: 8877079 DOI: 10.1007/bf02627960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is suggested that Borrelia burgdorferi infection could be associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC). Stanek et al. were able to cultivate Borrelia burgdorferi from myocardial biopsy tissue of a patient with longstanding dilated cardiomyopathy. Here we present a study in which we examined the effect of standard antibiotic treatment on the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. In this study we assessed the serum (IgG, IgM Elisa) and history of 46 IDC patients with specific regard to Borrelia burgdorferi infection (mean LVEF 30.4 +/- 1.3%, measured by cardiac catheterization and echocardiography with the length-area-volume method). All 46 patients received standard treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy: ACE inhibitors, digitalis, and diuretics. Eleven (24%) patients showed positive serology and a history of Borrelia burgdorferi infection; nine of these also had a typical history of tick bite and erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) and/or other organ involvement, and two had no recollection of tick bite or ECM but showed other Borrelia burgdorferi-associated disorders (neuropathy, oligoarthritis). These 11 patients with Borrelia burgdorferi infection received standard antibiotic treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone 2 g bid for 14 days. Six (55%) recovered completely and showed a normal LVEF after 6 months, three (27%) improved their LVEF, and two (18%) did not improve at all. This amounts to nine (82%) patients with recovery/improvement in the Borrelia burgdorferi group. The 35 patients who did not show positive serology or a history of Borrelia burgdorferi infection did not receive antibiotic treatment. In this group without Borrelia burgdorferi infection 12 (26%), showed recovery/improvement following the standard treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy (see earlier). Our results indicate that Borrelia burgdorferi infection could play a decisive role in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy, especially in a geographical region such as Graz, where Borrelia burgdorferi is endemic. While we are aware of the small number of Borrelia burgdorferi patients in this study, we nevertheless conclude that in a remarkable number of patients with signs of Borrelia burgdorferi infection, dilated cardiomyopathy could be reversed and LVEF improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gasser
- Department of Medicine, University of Graz, Austria
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Gasser R, Watzinger N, Eber B, Luha O, Reisinger E, Seinost G, Klein W. Coronary artery aneurysm in two patients with long-standing Lyme borreliosis. Borreliosis Study Group. Lancet 1994; 344:1300-1. [PMID: 7968011 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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