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Novohradský V, Bergamo A, Cocchietto M, Zajac J, Brabec V, Mestroni G, Sava G. Influence of the binding of reduced NAMI-A to human serum albumin on the pharmacokinetics and biological activity. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:1905-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02865a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chemical transformations of NAMI-A in biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Novohradský
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- CZ-61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics
| | - A. Bergamo
- Callerio Foundation Onlus
- 34127-Trieste
- Italy
| | | | - J. Zajac
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- CZ-61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics
| | - V. Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- CZ-61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | | | - G. Sava
- Callerio Foundation Onlus
- 34127-Trieste
- Italy
- Department of Life Sciences
- University of Trieste
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2
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Sava G, Pacor S, Coluccia M, Mariggio M, Cocchietto M, Alessio E, Mestroni G. Response of MCa Mammary Carcinoma to Cisplatin and to Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03259431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Scarel A, Durand J, Franchi D, Zangrando E, Mestroni G, Carfagna C, Mosca L, Seraglia R, Consiglio G, Milani B. Mono- and dinuclear bioxazoline-palladium complexes for the stereocontrolled synthesis of CO/styrene polyketones. Chemistry 2005; 11:6014-23. [PMID: 16047394 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of the chiral bioxazoline ligand (4S,4'S)-2,2'-bis(4-isopropyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole) to Pd(II) provides evidence that the ligand bonding can occur either through chelation of one Pd(II) ion leading to a mononuclear species with the expected cis geometry, or by double bridging of two Pd(II) ions giving a dinuclear complex with trans geometry. The species in solution are identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Both the mononuclear and the dinuclear complexes promote the CO/styrene copolymerization, yielding the corresponding polyketone with a fully or a predominantly isotactic microstructure, depending on the reaction medium. The nature of the anion present in the palladium precatalysts affects the polyketone stereochemistry. MALDI-TOF analysis of the copolymers synthesized reveals the presence of p-hydroxyphenolic end-groups, thus confirming and explaining the role of 1,4-hydroquinone as a molecular weight regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Scarel
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche,Università di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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4
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Scarel A, Durand J, Franchi D, Zangrando E, Mestroni G, Milani B, Gladiali S, Carfagna C, Binotti B, Bronco S, Gragnoli T. Trifluoroethanol: key solvent for palladium-catalyzed polymerization reactions. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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5
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Abstract
NAMI-A, i. e. (imH)[trans-RuCl(4)(dmso-S)(im)] (im = imidazole, dmso = dimethylsulfoxide), is a Ru(III) complex that, after extensive preclinical investigations that evidenced its remarkable and specific activity against metastases, has recently and successfully completed a Phase I trial (first ruthenium complex ever to reach clinical testing). This review article, after a brief summary of the main chemical and pharmacological aspects of NAMI-A, focuses on the development of new classes of ruthenium complexes originated from the NAMI-A frame. In particular, the chemical and biological features of the following classes of compounds will be treated: i) NAMI-A-type complexes, derived from NAMI-A by changing the nature of the N-ligand, ii) dinuclear NAMI-A-type compounds containing heterocyclic bridging N-N ligands, iii) new Ru-dmso nitrosyls broadly derived from NAMI-A-type complexes. Several of these new compounds were found to have antimetastatic activity comparable to, or even better than, NAMI-A; however, the nature of the target(s) responsible for the antimetastatic activity remains unclear. Common to any type of NAMI-A-type compound, both monomeric and dimeric, cell cytotoxicity (which is generally very low) is not sufficient to explain their potent and peculiar antitumor activity. All active NAMI-A-type compounds share the capacity to modify important parameters of metastasis such as tumor invasion, matrix metallo proteinases activity and cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Alessio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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6
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Scarel A, Milani B, Zangrando E, Stener M, Furlan S, Fronzoni G, Mestroni G, Gladiali S, Carfagna C, Mosca L. Palladium Complexes with 3-Alkyl-Substituted-1,10-Phenanthrolines: Effect of the Remote Alkyl Substituent on the CO/Olefin Copolymerization Reactions. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om0493412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Serafino Gladiali
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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7
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Milani B, Marson A, Scarel A, Mestroni G, Ernsting JM, Elsevier CJ. Facile Synthesis of New, Stable, Palladium-Ethyl Derivatives Containing Nitrogen-Donor Ligands. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om030517u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Alessio E, Mestroni G, Bergamo A, Sava G. Ruthenium anticancer drugs. Met Ions Biol Syst 2004; 42:323-51. [PMID: 15206107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Alessio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
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9
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Milani B, Scarel A, Durand J, Mestroni G, Seraglia R, Carfagna C, Binotti B. MALDI−TOF Mass Spectrometry in the Study of CO/Aromatic Olefins Terpolymers. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0347969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Roberta Seraglia
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari Sez. di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35020 Padova, Italy
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Zangrando E, Trani M, Stabon E, Carfagna C, Milani B, Mestroni G. Synthesis and Molecular Structures of Nickel(
II
) and Cobalt(
III
) Complexes with 2‐(Arylimino)‐3‐(hydroxyimino)butane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200300030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ennio Zangrando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/5583903
| | - Manuela Trani
- Department of Chemistry, Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, 1515 Pierce Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Elisa Stabon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/5583903
| | - Carla Carfagna
- Istituto di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Barbara Milani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/5583903
| | - Giovanni Mestroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/5583903
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11
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Milani B, Scarel A, Zangrando E, Mestroni G, Carfagna C, Binotti B. Cationic palladium complexes with mono- and bidentate nitrogen-donor ligands: synthesis, characterization and reactivity in CO/styrene copolymerization reaction. Inorganica Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(03)00014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Milani B, Stabon E, Zangrando E, Mestroni G, Sommazzi A, Zannoni C. Polymerisation of polar olefins promoted by organometallic cobalt complexes: free radical or coordinative process? Inorganica Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(03)00033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Bergamo A, Gava B, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Serli B, Cocchietto M, Zorzet S, Sava G. Ruthenium-based NAMI-A type complexes with in vivo selective metastasis reduction and in vitro invasion inhibition unrelated to cell cytotoxicity. Int J Oncol 2002. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.21.6.1331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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14
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Bergamo A, Gava B, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Serli B, Cocchietto M, Zorzet S, Sava G. Ruthenium-based NAMI-A type complexes with in vivo selective metastasis reduction and in vitro invasion inhibition unrelated to cell cytotoxicity. Int J Oncol 2002; 21:1331-8. [PMID: 12429985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of analogues of NAMI-A, a reference compound active on solid tumor metastases, were synthesized (NAMI-A type complexes). They share the same chemical structure of NAMI-A, and differ from it in the nature of the coordinated nitrogen ligand, such as pyrazole, thiazole and pyrazine, which are less basic than imidazole. This modification confers to the new NAMI-A type complexes a better stability in aqueous solution compared to the parent compound, a very important characteristic for a class of compounds that, with NAMI-A, is currently completing a phase I clinical trial at the Netherlands Cancer Institute of Amsterdam. Cytotoxicity and the effects on cell cycle and invasion were investigated on TS/A, B16-F10 and MCF-7 tumor cell lines, while the inhibition of lung metastases was determined on the mouse experimental tumors Lewis lung carcinoma and MCa mammary carcinoma. The new complexes show a pharmacological activity very similar to that of the parental compound NAMI-A: in vitro they are devoid of meaningful cytotoxicity against tumor cells, and in vivo they inhibit metastasis formation and growth approximately to the same extent as NAMI-A. Thus the new NAMI-A type complexes retain the same potent characteristic of NAMI-A to selectively interact with solid tumor metastases. However, compared to NAMI-A they do not stop cell cycle progression at G2-M level and are more active in preventing the spontaneous invasion of Matrigel by tumor cells exposed for 1 h to 10(-4) M concentration. Globally, these complexes take advantage of the knowledge on NAMI-A and appear particularly interesting for future clinical handling and applications.
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Serli B, Zangrando E, Iengo E, Mestroni G, Yellowlees L, Alessio E. Synthesis and structural, spectroscopic, and electrochemical characterization of new ruthenium dimethyl sulfoxide nitrosyls. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:4033-43. [PMID: 12132931 DOI: 10.1021/ic011291v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of ruthenium(II)- and ruthenium(III)-chloride-dimethyl sulfoxide precursors and of the antimetastatic drug [ImH][trans-RuCl(4)(dmso-S)(Im)] (NAMI-A, Im = imidazole, dmso = dimethyl sulfoxide) toward NO was investigated. Treatment of [(dmso)(2)H][trans-RuCl(4)(dmso-S)(2)] and mer-RuCl(3)(dmso)(3) with gaseous NO yielded [(dmso)(2)H][trans-RuCl(4)(dmso-O)(NO)] (1) and mer,cis-RuCl(3)(dmso-O)(2)(NO) (2), respectively. Thus, coordination of the strong pi-acceptor NO induces a S to O linkage isomerization of the dmso trans to it to avoid competition for pi-electrons. In light-protected nitromethane solutions, complex 2 equilibrates slowly with the two isomers mer-RuCl(3)(dmso-S)(dmso-O)(NO) (3), with NO trans to Cl, and mer-RuCl(3)(dmso-S)(dmso-O)(NO) (4), with NO trans to dmso-O; the equilibrium mixture consists of ca. 64% 2, 3% 3, and 33% 4. Treatment of the Ru(II) precursor trans-RuCl(2)(dmso-S)(4) with gaseous NO in CH(2)Cl(2) solution yielded the nitrosyl-nitro derivative trans,cis,cis-RuCl(2)(dmso-O)(2)(NO)(NO(2)) (5). Finally, [(Im)(2)H][trans-RuCl(4)(Im)(NO)] (6) was prepared by treatment of [ImH][trans-RuCl(4)(dmso-O)(NO)] (1Im) with an excess of imidazole in refluxing acetone. The spectroscopic features are consistent with the [Ru(NO)](6) formulation for all complexes, that is, a diamagnetic Ru(II) nucleus bound to NO(+). Compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 were characterized also by X-ray crystallography; they all show a linear nitrosyl group, with short Ru-NO bond distances consistent with a strong d(pi) --> pi NO back-bonding. An unusual inertness of O-bonded dmso was observed in compound 1. Complexes 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 are all redox active in DMF solutions showing irreversible reductions whose peak potentials depend on the other ligands attached to the Ru metal center. The site of reduction is the NO(+) moiety. The reduced complexes are not stable and release a Cl(-) or NO(2)(-) ligand followed by the NO(*) radical. The chemical reactions following electron transfer are all fast (rate constant >100 s(-1) at 293 K). The Ru product species are not redox active within the DMF window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Serli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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16
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Alessio E, Bolle M, Milani B, Mestroni G, Faleschini P, Geremia S, Calligaris M. Carbonyl Derivatives of Chloride-Dimethyl Sulfoxide-Ruthenium(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Reactivity of [(DMSO)2H][trans-RuCl4(DMSO-O)(CO)] and mer,cis-RuCl3(DMSO-O)2(CO). Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00123a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Alessio E, Faleschini P, Sessanta o Santi A, Mestroni G, Calligaris M. A new linkage isomer of trichlorotris(dimethyl sulfoxide) rhodium: photochemical synthesis, crystal structure, and reactivity of mer,trans-RhCl3(DMSO-S)2(DMSO). Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00077a018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Alessio E, Milani B, Bolle M, Mestroni G, Faleschini P, Todone F, Geremia S, Calligaris M. Carbonyl Derivatives of Chloride-Dimethyl Sulfoxide-Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Reactivity of Ru(CO)x(DMSO)4-xCl2 Complexes (x = 1-3). Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00123a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Alessio E, Xu Y, Cauci S, Mestroni G, Quadrifoglio F, Viglino P, Marzilli LG. Novel diastereomers with opposite chirality at ruthenium formed by N7,.alpha.-PO4 chelation of 5'-dGMP to the antimetastatic agent trans-RuCl2(DMSO)4: NMR and CD evidence. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00200a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Alessio E, Mestroni G, Nardin G, Attia WM, Calligaris M, Sava G, Zorzet S. Cis- and trans-dihalotetrakis(dimethyl sulfoxide)ruthenium(II) complexes (RuX2(DMSO)4; X = Cl, Br): synthesis, structure, and antitumor activity. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00296a006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Alessio E, Balducci G, Calligaris M, Costa G, Attia WM, Mestroni G. Synthesis, molecular structure, and chemical behavior of hydrogen trans-bis(dimethyl sulfoxide)tetrachlororuthenate(III) and mer-trichlorotris(dimethyl sulfoxide)ruthenium(III): the first fully characterized chloride-dimethyl sulfoxide-ruthenium(III) complexes. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00004a005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Milani B, Scarel A, Mestroni G, Gladiali S, Taras R, Carfagna C, Mosca L. Very Stable Palladium(II)−(N−N) Catalysts for the Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight CO/Styrene Polyketones. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om011020s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sava G, Bergamo A, Zorzet S, Gava B, Casarsa C, Cocchietto M, Furlani A, Scarcia V, Serli B, Iengo E, Alessio E, Mestroni G. Influence of chemical stability on the activity of the antimetastasis ruthenium compound NAMI-A. Eur J Cancer 2002; 38:427-35. [PMID: 11818210 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(01)00389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The influence of chemical stability on the antimetastatic ruthenium(III) compound imidazolium trans-imidazoletetrachlorodimethylsulphoxideruthenium(III) (NAMI-A) in aqueous solution was studied both in vitro and in vivo. The loss of dimethyl-sulphoxide (DMSO) ligand from the compound was tested by using a NAMI-A solution acidified with HCl at pH 3.0 and aged for 0, 4, 8 and 24 h prior to intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection into CBA mice bearing advanced MCa mammary carcinoma. The activity of NAMI-A on lung metastases showed no change even after the loss of DMSO ligand from up to 50% of the molecules. The reduction of NAMI-A did not modify the number of KB cells blocked in the S+G2M phases, independent of whether the reduction occurred outside the cells or after loading the cells with the compound prior to treatment with the reductants (ascorbic acid, glutathione or cysteine). In vivo, the complete reduction of NAMI-A with equivalent amounts of ascorbic acid, glutathione or cysteine prior to administration to mice bearing advanced MCa mammary carcinoma was more active than NAMI-A alone. The data show that NAMI-A, although undergoing a series of chemical modifications, maintains its antimetastatic activity in a broad range of experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sava
- Callerio Foundation-Onlus, via A. Fleming 22-31, 34127-, Trieste, Italy.
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Milani B, Marson A, Zangrando E, Mestroni G, Ernsting JM, Elsevier CJ. New monocationic methylpalladium(II) compounds with several bidentate nitrogen-donor ligands: synthesis, characterisation and reactivity with CO. Inorganica Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(01)00700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sessanta o Santi A, Milani B, Zangrando E, Mestroni G. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Palladium Metallacyclic Complex: A Key Intermediate in the Carbonylation of Azobenzene to
N
‐Phenyl Urethane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0682(200011)2000:11<2351::aid-ejic2351>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sessanta o Santi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
| | - Barbara Milani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
| | - Giovanni Mestroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
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Milani B, Corso G, Mestroni G, Carfagna C, Formica M, Seraglia R. Highly Efficient Catalytic System for the CO/Styrene Copolymerization: Toward the Stabilization of the Active Species. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om000342d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Roberta Seraglia
- CNR, Area di Ricerca di Padova, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35020 Padova, Italy
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Cocchietto M, Salerno G, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Sava G. Fate of the antimetastatic ruthenium complex ImH [trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] after acute i.v. treatment in mice. Anticancer Res 2000; 20:197-202. [PMID: 10769655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The content of ruthenium in blood and different organs of healthy CBA mice was determined by AAS after single i.v. treatment of 200 mg kg-1 of NAMI-A, a new antimetastatic ruthenium compound. Ruthenium concentration in blood falls 5 min after i.v. treatment. In the kidney, ruthenium concentration is markedly higher than in any other analysed tissue. No ruthenium was detected in brains. Pharmacokinetic parameters for a mono- or a bi-compartment model are identifiable: t1/2 is 10.45 h vs 12.02 (t1/2 alpha 0.023 h + t1/2 beta 12 h) with Cltot of 1.60 ml*h-1 vs 1.59); Vd is 24.15 vs 27.48 ml and (model dependent) AUC is 689 vs 694 mg*L-1*h. AUC(0-->infinity) calculated by noncompartmental method (linear trapezoidal rule) is 719.77 mg*L-1*h. NAMI-A is rapidly cleared from the blood compartment immediately after i.v. administration. Apparently, there is no differential accumulation of ruthenium in the lungs which might account for a selective antimetastatic effect caused by a cytotoxic concentration in this site, nor in any other specific organ examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cocchietto
- Callerio Foundation, Institute of Biological Research, Trieste, Italy
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Milani B, Corso G, Zangrando E, Randaccio L, Mestroni G. Crystal Structure and Dynamic Behavior of a New Class of Monocationic Organometallic PdII Compounds with Two Molecules of Bidentate Ligands: [Pd(L–L)(N–N)(CH2NO2)][PF6] (L–L = N–N, dppp). Eur J Inorg Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199911)1999:11<2085::aid-ejic2085>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Macchioni A, Bellachioma G, Cardaci G, Travaglia M, Zuccaccia C, Milani B, Corso G, Zangrando E, Mestroni G, Carfagna C, Formica M. Counterion Effect on CO/Styrene Copolymerization Catalyzed by Cationic Palladium(II) Organometallic Complexes: An Interionic Structural and Dynamic Investigation Based on NMR Spectroscopy. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om990372k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Santi R, Romano A, Panella F, Mestroni G, Sessanti O. Santi A. Reductive carbonylation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene to 2,4-toluendiurethane with palladium(1,10-phenanthroline)2(hexafluorophosphate)2, as catalyst, and 1,10-phenanthrolinium hexafluorophosphate, as cocatalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(98)00379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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31
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Bergamo A, Gagliardi R, Scarcia V, Furlani A, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Sava G. In vitro cell cycle arrest, in vivo action on solid metastasizing tumors, and host toxicity of the antimetastatic drug NAMI-A and cisplatin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 289:559-64. [PMID: 10087050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of NAMI-A (imidazolium trans-imidazoledimethyl sulfoxide-tetrachlororuthenate) are compared with cisplatin on tumor cells cultured in vitro at doses of 1 to 100 microM and on tumor metastases in vivo at maximum tolerated doses. Using mouse tumors that metastasize to the lungs, NAMI-A given i.p. for 6 consecutive days at 35 mg/kg/day, was effective independently of the tumor line being treated and of the stage of metastasis growth. Conversely, cisplatin (2 mg/kg/day for 6 days) was as effective as NAMI-A on MCa mammary carcinoma and TS/A adenocarcinoma and less effective than NAMI-A on Lewis lung carcinoma. Cisplatin reduced body weight gain and spleen weight during treatment and was much more toxic than NAMI-A on liver sinusoids, kidney tubules, and lung epithelium. In vitro NAMI-A caused a transient cell cycle arrest of tumor cells in the premitotic G2/M phase, whereas cisplatin caused a progressive dose-dependent disruption of cell cycle phases. Correspondingly, NAMI-A did not modify cell growth, whereas cisplatin caused a dose-dependent reduction of cell proliferation, as determined by sulforhodamine B test. Thus, NAMI-A, unlike cisplatin, is a potent agent for the treatment of solid tumor metastases as well as when these tumor lesions are in an advanced stage of growth. NAMI-A is endowed with a mechanism of action unrelated to direct tumor cell cytotoxicity, and such mechanism of action is responsible for a reduced host toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bergamo
- Callerio Foundation, Institutes of Biological Research, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Sava G, Gagliardi R, Bergamo A, Alessio E, Mestroni G. Treatment of metastases of solid mouse tumours by NAMI-A: comparison with cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and dacarbazine. Anticancer Res 1999; 19:969-72. [PMID: 10368640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of NAMI-A, a novel ruthenium compound endowed with selective antimetastatic action, were tested on solid metastasising tumours of the mouse in comparison to cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and dacarbazine. Each compound was administered i.p. as freshly prepared solutions in isotonic saline in combination with surgical removal of primary tumour, and was used at the maximum tolerated dose. NAMI-A significantly reduced the growth of lung metastases either when given prior to surgery (early growing tumours) on TS/A adenocarcinoma or after surgical ablation of primary tumours (already established lung metasases) on Lewis lung carcinoma. The postsurgical treatment of mice bearing MCa mammary carcinoma caused a significant prolongation of the life-span of the treated animals. In the comparison experiments, dacarbazine was completely ineffective, cisplatin was as active as NAMI-A on MCa mammary carcinoma, slightly less active than NAMI-A on TS/A adenocarcinoma and inactive on Lewis lung carcinoma, and cyclophosphamide was always more active than any other treatment performed. These data stress that NAMI-A, independently of the lack of direct cell cytotoxicity, when compared to the reference drugs, has a potent therapeutic effect in mice bearing solid metastasising tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sava
- Foundation Callerio, Institutes of Biological Research of Trieste, Italy.
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Iengo E, Mestroni G, Geremia S, Calligaris M, Alessio E. Novel ruthenium(III) dimers Na2[{trans-RuCl4(Me2SO-S )}2(μ-L)] and [{mer,cis-RuCl3(Me2SO-S )(Me2SO-O)}2(μ-L)] (L = bridging heterocyclic N-donor ligand) closely related to the antimetastatic complex Na[trans-RuCl4(Me2SO-S )(Him)] †. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1039/a904264d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sava G, Clerici K, Capozzi I, Cocchietto M, Gagliardi R, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Perbellini A. Reduction of lung metastasis by ImH[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im]: mechanism of the selective action investigated on mouse tumors. Anticancer Drugs 1999; 10:129-38. [PMID: 10194556 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199901000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
NAMI-A (imidazolium trans-imidazoledimethylsulfoxidetetrachlororuthenate, ImH[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im]) is a new ruthenium compound active against lung metastasis of solid metastasizing tumors. We have tested this compound in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma or MCa mammary carcinoma in order to compare the effects on primary tumor and lung metastases with possible alterations of cell cycle distribution of tumor cells. We have also investigated whether there were unequal tissue accumulations of the compound itself at different dose levels ranging from 17.5 to 70 mg/kg/day given for six consecutive days. NAMI-A caused a reduction of metastasis weight larger than that of metastasis number; we explain this finding as the capacity of NAMI-A to selectively interfere with the growth of metastases already settled in the lungs. However, this specificity is not simply related to a larger concentration of NAMI-A in the lungs than in other tissues. Following i.p. treatment, NAMI-A rapidly disappeared from the peritoneal cavity; its low blood concentration may be caused by rapid renal clearance. These data provide further evidence for a selective anti-metastasis effect of the ruthenium complex NAMI-A. The reduction of lung metastasis is followed by a significant prolongation of the host's life-time expectancy, indicating a therapeutic benefit of NAMI-A on lung metastases from solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sava
- Callerio Foundation, Institutes of Biological Research, University of Trieste, Italy.
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Milani B, Mestroni G. Pd(II) Complexes with Bidentate Nitrogen-Donor Chelating Ligands: Very Versatile and Active Catalyst Precursors for the CO/Olefin Co- and Terpolymerization Reactions. COMMENT INORG CHEM 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/02603599908021448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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36
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Sava G, Capozzi I, Clerici K, Gagliardi G, Alessio E, Mestroni G. Pharmacological control of lung metastases of solid tumours by a novel ruthenium complex. Clin Exp Metastasis 1998; 16:371-9. [PMID: 9626816 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006521715400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Imidazolium trans-imidazoledimethylsulphoxidetetrachlororuthenate ImH[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] (NAMI-A), a ruthenium compound that replaces Na+ with ImH+ in the molecule of Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] (NAMI), was studied for the anti-metastasis effects in models of solid metastasizing tumours of the mouse. NAMI-A, given i.p. at 35 mg/kg/day for six consecutive days, a dose equimolar to that of NAMI, to mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma and MCa mammary carcinoma, markedly reduces lung metastasis weight by 80-90%, with an effect equal or even superior to that of NAMI, depending on the experimental system adopted. Correspondingly, NAMI-A increases the content of connective tissue in the tumour matrix, around blood vessels, and in the tumour capsule, augments the percentage of tumour cells in G2/M phase and reduces the amount of CD45+ cells infiltrating the tumour parenchyma. The effects of the same doses on spleen lymphocytes correspond to an increase of CD8+ subset without any change of the distribution of cells in G0/G1, S and G2/M phases. The study shows that NAMI-A behaves similarly to NAMI on the several parameters examined in comparison experiments and therefore we suggest to credit NAMI-A with all the biological actions already described for NAMI during the last 3 years. The replacement of Na+ with ImH+ therefore, besides the better chemical stability of the molecule, confers to [trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im]- a closer similarity with a true drug to be used in humans, and suggests this molecule for future studies of preclinical toxicology and phase I and II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sava
- Callerio Foundation, Institutes of Biological Research, University of Trieste, Italy.
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Mestroni G, Alessio E, Sessanta o Santi A, Geremia S, Bergamo A, Sava G, Boccarelli A, Schettino A, Coluccia M. Rhodium(III) analogues of antitumour-active ruthenium(III) compounds: The crystal structure of [ImH][trans-RhCl4(Im)2] (Im=imidazole). Inorganica Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)05915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Sava G, Gagliardi R, Cocchietto M, Clerici K, Capozzi I, Marrella M, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Milanino R. Comparison of the effects of the antimetastatic compound ImH[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] (NAMI-A) on the arthritic rat and on MCa mammary carcinoma in mice. Pathol Oncol Res 1998; 4:30-6. [PMID: 9555118 DOI: 10.1007/bf02904692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the new molecule ImH[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] (NAMI-A), administered orally or intraperitoneally to adjuvant-arthritic rats or orally to mice bearing s.c. or i.m. implants of MCa mammary carcinoma, were studied. NAMI-A was not able to modify the progression of chronic inflammation in the complete Freund-adjuvant injected animals. Histology indicated a significant worsening of the inflammatory process, characterised by an increased infiltration of inflammatory cells, as well as by a remarkable deposition of connective tissue fibres around the blood vessels and alveolar walls. NAMI-A had no effect on primary i.m. implanted MCa mammary carcinoma growth and its lung metastasis formation, but significantly interfered with the cell cycle of primary tumor cells following bolus oral administration. On the contrary, NAMI-A caused a significant inhibition of lung metastasis accompanied by a dramatic deposition of connective tissue fibres around the primary tumor mass, when given as medicated food to mice implanted s.c. with MCa tumor. These data indicated that NAMI-A is well absorbed after oral administration although there is no connection between lung concentration and the antimetastatic activity. Conversely, the marked deposition of connective tissues in NAMI-A treated animals is in agreement with the reported effects of the compound on extracellular matrix and tumor blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sava
- Callerio Foundation, Institutes of Biological Research, Trieste, Italy.
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Milani B, Anzilutti A, Vicentini L, Sessanta o Santi A, Zangrando E, Geremia S, Mestroni G. Bis-Chelated Palladium(II) Complexes with Nitrogen-Donor Chelating Ligands Are Efficient Catalyst Precursors for the CO/Styrene Copolymerization Reaction. Organometallics 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/om9703954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Milani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna Anzilutti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lidia Vicentini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Sessanta o Santi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mestroni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Sessanta o Santi A, Milani B, Mestroni G, Zangrando E, Randaccio L. Crystal structure of a palladium metallacyclic complex: A key-intermediate in the carbonylation of nitrobenzene to isocyanates and carbamates. J Organomet Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(97)00191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sava G, Capozzi I, Bergamo A, Gagliardi R, Cocchietto M, Masiero L, Onisto M, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Garbisa S. Down-regulation of tumour gelatinase/inhibitor balance and preservation of tumour endothelium by an anti-metastatic ruthenium complex. Int J Cancer 1996; 68:60-6. [PMID: 8895542 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19960927)68:1<60::aid-ijc12>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The anti-metastatic ruthenium complex Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] was given i.p. at 22 and 44 mg/kg/day, on days 8-13 after tumour implantation, to mice carrying s.c. implants of MCa mammary carcinoma. The aim of the study was to compare the effects on lung metastasis formation with those on primary tumour cells. This investigation was based on flow cytometry analysis after propidium iodide and acridine orange staining, histology of tumour parenchyma and RT-PCR analysis for the type-IV collagenases MMP-9 and MMP-2 and their respective inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 mRNAs. Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] is not cytotoxic for tumour cells but has the capacity of interacting with nucleic acids, giving a general reduction of nucleic acid content as shown by a marked reduction of acridine orange staining and a tendency to a reduction of DNA polyploidy with marked reduction of 8n and 4n cell populations. Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] also influences a proteolytic system which has the potential of degrading the basement membrane and has been related to metastatic aggressiveness: it markedly reduces, in a dose-dependent manner, MMP-2/TIMP-2 balance, but not that of MMP-9/TIMP-1. The different enzyme/inhibitor mRNA levels between untreated and treated tumours seem to be unaffected by tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and are paralleled by the maintenance of connective tissue around blood vessels in the tumour mass. Correspondingly, lung metastasis formation is markedly reduced, to less than 10% of that seen in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sava
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
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Bergamo A, Cocchietto M, Capozzi I, Mestroni G, Alessio E, Sava G. Treatment of residual metastases with Na[trans-RuCl4 (DMSO)lm] and ruthenium uptake by tumor cells. Anticancer Drugs 1996; 7:697-702. [PMID: 8913439 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199608000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of MCa mammary carcinoma metastases by i.p. administration of a total dose of 450 mg/kg Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)lm], after successful surgical removal of primary tumor mass, causes a significant prolongation of the host's life-time expectancy. This effect, related to lung metastasis inhibition, seems not attributable to a direct inhibition of tumor cells since antimetastatic effects can be achieved also when drug treatment occurs before tumor cell injection into the host. Also, the activity of Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)lm] seems independent of its concentration in tumor cells. Rather it must be stressed that the fate of this compound in the blood, following i.v. administration, is fast and only a very low percent of the total dose reaches the tumor target in the lungs. These data emphasize the possibility that Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)lm] increases the resistance of the host against metastasis formation, possibly by the already shown mechanism of potentiation of the extracellular matrix and reduction of blood stream invasion by tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bergamo
- Fondazione CD Callerio, Institutes of Biological Research, Trieste, Italy
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Milani B, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Zangrando E, Randaccio L, Consiglio G. New atropisomeric bidentate nitrogen-donor compounds as potential stereocontrollers in mild CO–styrene copolymerisation catalysed by palladium(II) salts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9960001021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Milani B, Vicentini L, Sommazzi A, Garbassi F, Chiarparin E, Zangrando E, Mestroni G. Bis(chelated) palladium(II) complexes with a diphosphine and a dinitrogen ligand: very efficient catalyst precursors in the co- and ter-polymerisation of CO and olefins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9960003139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sava G, Pacor S, Bergamo A, Cocchietto M, Mestroni G, Alessio E. Effects of ruthenium complexes on experimental tumors: irrelevance of cytotoxicity for metastasis inhibition. Chem Biol Interact 1995; 95:109-26. [PMID: 7697744 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(94)03350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of 18 ruthenium(III) complexes, structurally related to the selective antimetastatic drug Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im], and characterized by the presence of sulfoxide and nitrogen-donor ligands were tested on TLX5 lymphoma and some of them on MCa mammary carcinoma to evaluate the dependence of the degree of cytotoxicity and of antimetastatic activity on the chemical properties. In vitro cytotoxicity is present only at high concentrations (> 10(-4) M), depends upon lipophilicity and is markedly affected by the presence of 5% serum or plasma samples in the culture medium. The comparison of the effects on in vitro cytotoxicity with in vivo antitumor and antimetastatic action points out that these compounds reduce metastasis formation by a mechanism unrelated to a direct tumor cell cytotoxicity. If on one hand Na[trans-RuCl4(TMSO)Iq], the compound that shows the most potent in vitro cytotoxic effects, is the least effective against metastases, on the other Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im], the compound that better reduces metastasis formation, is rather devoid of cytotoxic effects on tumor cells kept in vitro. In particular, Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] seems to distinguish between artificially induced metastases and spontaneous metastases and reduces only the former by a cytotoxic mechanism. Out of all the tested compounds, with the exception of Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Ox], Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] is confirmed to be the most selective antimetastatic agent of the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sava
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Trieste, Italy
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Gagliardi R, Sava G, Pacor S, Mestroni G, Alessio E. Antimetastatic action and toxicity on healthy tissues of Na[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] in the mouse. Clin Exp Metastasis 1994; 12:93-100. [PMID: 8306532 DOI: 10.1007/bf01753975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ruthenium-dimethylsulfoxide complex Na(trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im] was given i.v. to mice bearing MCa mammary carcinoma and its effects on tumor growth and on healthy host tissues were studied by macroscopic examination of primary tumor growth, by survival time, and by histological analysis using light microscopy and SEM. Either by means of vivo-vivo bioassays or by microscopic examination it appeared that the growth of lung tumors was markedly reduced, whereas the growth of the i.m. primary tumor was much less affected. These effects account for the prolongation of survival time and for the cure rate observed. The favourable effect on survival time was also influenced by the lack of significant cytotoxicity for normal tissues such as lung and kidney epithelia, muscle and liver cells, splenocytes and bone marrow. It thus appears that the selective interaction with tumor cells in the lungs cannot simply be attributed to a selectively higher localization of the compound at this site, nor to a modification of the histological structure of primary tumor. These results highlight the pharmacologic properties of this compound for the control of solid tumor metastases, an effect that was shown to be similarly exerted on advanced tumor metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gagliardi
- Fondazione C. e D. Callerio, Laboratories of Biological Research, Trieste, Italy
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Alessio E, o Santi AS, Faleschini P, Calligaris M, Mestroni G. New aspects of rhodium(III)–dimethyl sulfoxide chemistry: synthesis and molecular structure of [NEt4][cis-RhCl4{(CH3)2SO}2] and chemical behaviour in aqueous solution of [RhCln{(CH3)2SO}6–n]3–n(n= 3 or 4) complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9940001849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Milani B, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Sommazzi A, Garbassi F, Zangrando E, Bresciani-Pahor N, Randaccio L. Synthesis and characterization of monochelated carboxylatopalladium(II) complexes with nitrogen-donor chelating ligands. Crystal structures of diacetato(1,10-phenanthroline)- and diacetato(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)-palladium(II). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9940001903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Colucci M, Coluccia M, Montemurro P, Conese M, Nassi A, Loseto F, Alessio E, Mestroni G, Semeraro N. Reduction of tumor-associated fibrinolytic-activity by antimetastatic dosages of 2 ru(ii)-dmso complexes in mice bearing lewis lung-carcinoma. Int J Oncol 1993; 2:527-9. [PMID: 21573587 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2.4.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Some Ru(II)-DMSO complexes have antimetastatic properties in experimental tumors. Since plasminogen activators are thought to play an important role in the expression of cancer cell metastatic capacity, we evaluated the effect of two Ru(II)-DMSO complexes on the fibrinolytic activity of Lewis lung carcinoma. Tumor-bearing mice were given daily, for 14 days, an i.p. injection of antimetastatic dosages of cis-RuCl2(DMSO)4 (700 mg/kg/die) or trans-RUCl2(DMSO)4 (37 mg/kg/die), or vehicle. Tumor extracts obtained on day 15 from treatment groups had significantly lower (plasminogen-dependent) fibrinolytic activity than extracts from control animals (p<0.001). Urokinase inhibitor activity in tumor extracts did not differ among groups and did not correlate with plasminogen activator activity, Fibrin autography of control tumor extracts revealed the presence of a main fibrinolytic band co-migrating with urinary plasminogen activator (urokinase-type) and of minor bands with a higher molecular weight. In samples from animals treated with either Ru(II)-DMSO complex the most striking finding was a reduction of the band corresponding to free urokinase. These findings suggest that ruthenium complexes decrease the fibrinolytic activity of tumor cells by reducing urokinase production rather than by enhancing inhibitor production. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with cis-RuCl2(DMSO)4 at a dosage equimolar to the trans isomer, neither reduced metastasis formation nor decreased plasminogen activator activity of tumor extracts. The depression of tumor-associated proteolytic activity could contribute to the antimetastatic properties of ruthenium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Colucci
- UNIV BARI,POLICLIN,DIPARTIMENTO SCI BIOMED & ONCOL UMANA,SEZIONE PATOL GEN,I-70124 BARI,ITALY. UNIV TRIESTE,DIPARTIMENTO SCI CHIM,I-34100 TRIESTE,ITALY
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