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Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) have characteristic facial expressions that are different from those of healthy individuals due to the combination of somatic and psychiatric symptoms. However, the facial expressions of GO patients have not yet been described and analyzed systematically. Thus, the present study aimed to present the facial expressions of GO patients and explore their applications in clinical practice. METHODS Facial image and clinical data of 943 GO patients were included, and 126 patients answered quality of life (GO-QOL) questionnaires. Each patient was labeled for one facial expression. Then, a portrait was drawn for every facial expression. Logistic and linear regression was performed to analyze the correlation between facial expression and clinical indicators, including QOL, disease activity and severity. The VGG-19 network model was utilized to discriminate facial expressions automatically. RESULTS Two groups, i.e., the non-negative emotion (neutral, happy) and the negative emotion (disgust, angry, fear, sadness, surprise), and seven expressions of GO patients were systematically analyzed. Facial expression was statistically associated with GO activity (P = 0.002), severity (P < 0.001), QOL visual functioning subscale scores (P = 0.001), and QOL appearance subscale score (P = 0.012). The deep learning model achieved satisfactory results (accuracy 0.851, sensitivity 0.899, precision 0.899, specificity 0.720, F1 score 0.899, and AUC 0.847). CONCLUSIONS As a novel clinical sign, facial expression holds the potential to be incorporated into GO assessment system in the future. The discrimination model may assist clinicians in real-life patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - M Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - H Sun
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Huang
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - X Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - G Zhai
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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Liu Z, Ke S, Wang Q, Gu X, Zhai G, Shao H, He M, Guo J. Analyzing roles of small nucleolar RNA host gene 25 from clinical, molecular target and tumor formation in prostate cancer. Exp Cell Res 2023:113686. [PMID: 37307941 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most deadly and metastatic cancers of the urinary tract. Latest studies have confirmed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in a variety of cancers. Some of these lncRNAs code for small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), called small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs), which exert some value in predicting the prognosis of certain cancer patients, but little is known regarding the function of SNHGs within the PCa. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the expression distribution and differential analysis of SNHGs in different tumors using RNA-seq and survival data from TCGA and GTEx, and to assess the potential impacts of the lncRNA SNHG25 on human PCa. To validate the expression of SNHG25 using experimental data and to investigate in detail its particular molecular biological function on PCa both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS LncRNA SNHG25 expression was analyzed by bioinformatic prediction and qPCR. CCK-8, EdU, transwell, wound healing, and western blotting assays were conducted to investigate the main role of lncRNA SNHG25 in PCa. Xenograft tumour growth model in nude mice was surveyed by in vivo imaging and Ki-67 staining. AKT pathway activator (SC79) was used to verify the interaction among SNHG25 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis and experimental research illuminated that the expression of lncRNA SNHG25 was observably up-regulated in PCa tissues and cells. Moreover, SNHG25 knockdown restrained PCa cell proliferation, invasion and migration, while promoting apoptosis. Xenografts model confirmed that the si-SNHG25 group had a significant inhibitory effect on PCa tumour growth in vivo. Additionally, a series of gain-of-function analyses suggested that SNHG25 could activate the PI3K/AKT pathway to accelerate PCa progression. CONCLUSIONS These in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrate that SNHG25 is highly expressed in PCa and facilitates PCa development through regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. SNHG25 acts as an oncogene to predict tumour malignancy and survival in PCa patients and may therefore become a promising potential molecular target for early detection and therapy of lethal PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuai Ke
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xuhang Gu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Guanzhong Zhai
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Haoren Shao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Mu He
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Abstract
A major challenge in oil/water separation is the processing of surfactant-stabilized emulsions from the water medium. One of the feasible schemes of emulsion separation is the porous melamine sponge coupled with functional particles. Here, we proposed a novel superhydrophobic metal-organic framework (MOF)-based sponge for water-in-oil emulsion separation. The porous melamine sponge was combined with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-coated hydrophobic SiO2 and UiO66-OSiR particles were prepared for demulsification via the one-step dipping method for the first time. The PDMS@SiO2@UiO66-OSiR sponge revealed excellent superhydrophobicity at a water contact angle of 160.7° and superlipophilicity at an oil contact angle of 0°. Compared with the pristine melamine sponge, the size-controllable PDMS@SiO2@UiO66-OSiR sponge could separate stabilized water-in-oil emulsions with ultrahigh separation efficiency (>98.64%) and high flux (e.g., 970 L·m-2·h-1). Meanwhile, the PDMS@SiO2@UiO66-OSiR sponge exhibited superior durability and mechanical reusability. Under harsh conditions such as strong acid and alkali, organic solvent corrosion, etc., all water contact angles of the PDMS@SiO2@UiO66-OSiR sponge were over 152°. Furthermore, the stress decreased by 5% when the sponge was subjected to 10 loading/unloading compression cycles at a constant strain of 60%. These results demonstrate that the PDMS@SiO2@UiO66-OSiR sponge can efficiently separate water-in-oil emulsions through its adjustable porous structure coupled with demulsification and hydrophobic particles. This study provides a step forward in developing a feasible strategy for the MOF-based sponge for emulsion separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhong Zhai
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhuorui Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Daohua Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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Xu Y, Wang L, Wu J, Zhai G, Sun D. Effects of ancillary ligands in acceptorless benzyl alcohol dehydrogenation mediated by phosphine-free cobalt complexes. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ma C, Liu M, Tian J, Zhai G, Cicuttini F, Schooneveldt Y, Meikle P, Jones G, Pan F. AB1474 LIPIDOMIC PROFILING IDENTIFIES SERUM LIPIDS ASSOCIATED WITH PERSISTENT MULTISITE MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundLipid mediators have been suggested to have a role in pain sensitivity and response; however, longitudinal data on lipid metabolites and persistent multisite musculoskeletal pain (MSMP) are lacking.ObjectivesThis study was to identify lipid metabolic markers for persistent MSMP.MethodsLipidomic profiling of 807 lipid species was performed on serum samples of 536 participants from a cohort study. MSMP was measured by a questionnaire and defined as painful sites ≥4. Persistent MSMP was defined as having MSMP at every visit. Logistic regression was used with adjustment for potential confounders. The Benjamini Hochberg method was used to control for multiple testing.ResultsA total of 530 samples with 807 lipid metabolites passed quality control. Mean age at baseline was 61.54±6.57 years and 50% were females. One hundred and twelve (21%) of the participants had persistent MSMP. Persistent MSMP was significantly associated with lower levels of monohexosylceramide (HexCer)(d18:1/22:0 and d18:1/24:0), acylcarnitine (AC)(26:0) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)(18:1 [sn1], 18:2 [sn1], 18:2 [sn2], and 15-MHDA[sn1] [104_sn1]) after controlling for multiple testing. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes status, and physical activity, HexCer(d18:1/22:0 and d18:1/24:0) and LPC(18:1 [sn1] and 15-MHDA [sn1] [104_sn1]) were significantly associated with persistent MSMP [Odds Ratio (OR) ranging from 0.24 - 0.32]. Two lipid classes -- HexCer and LPC were negatively associated with persistent MSMP after adjustment for covariates (OR=0.19 and 0.21, respectively).ConclusionThis study identified four novel lipid signatures of persistent MSMP, suggesting that lipid metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis of persistent pain.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Wang Q, Liu Z, Zhai G, Yu X, Ke S, Shao H, Guo J. Overexpression of GATA5 Inhibits Prostate Cancer Progression by Regulating PLAGL2 via the FAK/PI3K/AKT Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092074. [PMID: 35565203 PMCID: PMC9099954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) has the highest incidence of malignant tumors and is the second-ranked tumor-causing death of men. GATA binding protein 5 (GATA5) belongs to the GATA gene family and we found that GATA5 was downregulated in PCa tissues, but the function of GATA5 in PCa remains elusive. We found overexpression GATA5 inhibited tumor proliferation, migration, invasion and the process of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and upregulation of GATA5 promoted PCa cell apoptosis. In addition, we disclosed that GATA5 could interact with pleomorphic adenoma gene-like-2 (PLAGL2) to regulate PCa cell growth via FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Hence, these findings suggested that GATA5 could serve as a new therapeutic target in the future. Abstract Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a malignancy with high incidence and the principal cause of cancer deaths in men. GATA binding protein 5 (GATA5) belongs to the GATA gene family. GATA5 has a close association with carcinogenesis, but the role of GATA5 in PCa remains poorly understood. The aim of our present study was to probe into the effect of GATA5 on PCa progression and to elucidate the involved mechanism. Methods: The expression of GATA5 was detected in both PCa samples and PCa cell lines. GATA5 overexpression, PLAGL2 knockdown, and overexpression cell models were generated, then Western blotting experiments were utilized to validate the efficiency of transfection. The effects of GATA5 on PCa cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and EMT were detected in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, the mechanism by which GATA5 inhibits prostate cancer progression through regulating PLAGL2 via the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway was also explored. Results: GATA5 expression was downregulated in PCa samples and cell lines. GATA5 overexpression inhibited PCa cell proliferation and metastasis but increased the rate of apoptosis. In addition, we confirmed that GATA5 inhibited prostate cancer progression, including EMT, by regulating PLAGL2 via the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion: We demonstrated that GATA5, as a tumor suppressor in PCa, inhibits PCa progression by regulating PLAGL2. These results showed that the GATA5/PLAGL2/FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway may become a new therapeutic direction for the treatment of PCa.
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Liu Z, Wang Q, Zhai G, Ke S, Yu X, Guo J. SLC4A4 promotes prostate cancer progression in vivo and in vitro via AKT-mediated signalling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:127. [PMID: 35305629 PMCID: PMC8933877 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related male deaths worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of homo sapiens solute carrier family 4 member 4 (SLC4A4), which encodes the electrogenic Na+/HCO3− cotransporter isoform 1 (NBCe1), in the development and progression of PCa.
Methods
The expression levels of SLC4A4 in PCa and normal prostate tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The SLC4A4 knockdown cell model was structured by lentiviral infection, and the knockdown efficiency was validated by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The effects of SLC4A4 knockdown on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cycle, migration, and invasion were detected by Celigo cell counting assay and CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry analysis, wound-healing, and Transwell assay, respectively. Tumor growth in nude mice was surveyed by in vivo imaging and Ki-67 staining. Furthermore, underlying mechanism of SLC4A4 silence induced inhibition of PCa progression was explored by human phospho-kinase array.
Results
Our results revealed that SLC4A4 expression was up-regulated in PCa tissues and human PCa cell lines. High expression of SLC4A4 in tumor specimens was significantly correlated with disease progression. SLC4A4 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while facilitated apoptosis, which was also confirmed in vivo. Moreover, SLC4A4 promoted PCa progression through the AKT-mediated signalling pathway.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicated that SLC4A4 overexpression was closely associated with the progression of PCa; SLC4A4 knockdown suppressed PCa development in vitro and in vivo. SLC4A4 acts as a tumor promotor in PCa by regulating key components of the AKT pathway and may therefore act as a potential therapeutic target for PCa treatment.
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Zhang P, Zhang J, Zhang B, Yang WC, Hu JB, Sun XF, Zhai G, Qian HR, Li Y, Xu H, Feng F, Wu XY, Liu HL, Liu HJ, Qiu HB, Wu XJ, Zhou YB, Shen KT, Kou YW, Fu Y, Jie ZG, Zou XM, Cao H, Gao ZD, Tao KX. [Adherence to adjuvant with therapy imatinib in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a national multi-center cross-sectional study]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 24:775-782. [PMID: 34530558 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20210426-00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the current adherence to imatinib in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in China and its influencing factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Study period: from October 1, 2020 to November 31, 2020. Study subjects: GIST patients taking imatinib who were diagnosed and treated in public tertiary level A general hospitals or oncology hospitals; those who had not been pathologically diagnosed, those who never received imatinib, or those who had taken imatinib in the past but stopped afterwards were excluded. The Questionnaire Star online surgery platform was used to design a questionnaire about the adherence to adjuvant imatinib therapy of Chinese GIST patients. The link of questionnaire was sent through WeChat. The questionnaire contained basic information of patients, medication status and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Results: A total of 2162 questionnaires from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities were collected, of which 2005 were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 92.7%. The survey subjects included 1104 males and 901 females, with a median age of 56 (22-91) years old. Working status: 609 cases (30.4%) in the work unit, 729 cases (36.4%) of retirement, 667 cases of flexible employment or unemployment (33.3%). Education level: 477 cases (23.8%) with bachelor degree or above, 658 cases (32.8%) of high school, 782 cases (39.0%) of elementary or junior high school, 88 cases (4.4%) without education. Marital status: 1789 cases (89.2%) were married, 179 cases (8.9%) divorced or widowed, 37 cases (1.8%) unmarried. Two hundred and ninety-four patients (14.7%) had metastasis when they were first diagnosed, including 203 liver metastases, 52 peritoneal metastases, and 39 other metastases. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine patients underwent surgical treatment, of whom 1642 (81.9%) achieved complete resection. The median time of taking imatinib was 25 (1-200) months. Common adverse reactions of imatinib included 1701 cases (84.8%) of periorbital edema, 1031 cases (51.4%) of leukopenia, 948 cases (47.3%) of fatigue, 781 cases (39.0%) of nausea and vomiting, 709 cases (35.4%) of rash, and 670 cases (33.4%) of lower extremity edema. The score of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale showed that 392 cases (19.6%) had poor adherence, 1023 cases (51.0%) had moderate adherence, and 590 cases (29.4%) had good adherence. Univariate analysis showed that gender, age, work status, economic income, residence, education level, marriage, the duration of taking medication and adverse reactions were associated with adherence to adjuvant imatinib therapy (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that female (OR=1.264, P=0.009), non-retirement (OR=1.454, P=0.001), monthly income ≤4000 yuan (OR=1.280, P=0.036), township residents (OR=1.332, P=0.005), unmarried or divorced or widowed (OR=1.362, P=0.026), the duration of imatinib medication >36 months (OR=1.478, P<0.001) and adverse reactions (OR=1.719, P=0.048) were independent risk factors for poor adherence to adjuvant imatinib. Among patients undergoing complete resection, 324 (19.7%) had poor adherence, 836 (50.9%) had moderate adherence, and 482 (29.4%) had good adherence. Meanwhile, 55 patients with good adherence (11.4%) developed recurrence after surgery, 121 patients with moderate adherence (14.5%) developed recurrence, 61 patients with poor adherence (18.8%) developed recurrence, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.017). Conclusions: The adherence to adjuvant therapy with imatinib in Chinese GIST patients is relatively poor. Females, non-retirement, monthly income ≤4000 yuan, township residents, unmarried or divorced or widowed, the duration of imatinib medication >36 months, and adverse reactions are independently associated with poor adherence of GIST patients. Those with poor adherence have a higher risk of recurrence after surgery. Positive interventions based on the above risk factors are advocated to improve the prognosis of patients with GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - W C Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - J B Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - X F Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu Provincial Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - G Zhai
- The First Department of General Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - H R Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Y Li
- The Third Department of Surgery, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - H Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - F Feng
- Department of Digestive Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X Y Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - H L Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - H J Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - H B Qiu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X J Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y B Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - K T Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y W Kou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Z G Jie
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - X M Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200127, China
| | - Z D Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - K X Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Zhang J, Zhai G, Yang B, Liu Z. Computerized Tomography (CT) Updates and Challenges in Diagnosis of Bone Metastases During Prostate Cancer. Curr Med Imaging 2021; 16:565-571. [PMID: 32484090 DOI: 10.2174/1573405614666181009144601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. This cancer is often associated with indolent tumors with little or no lethal potential. Some of the patients with aggressive prostate cancer have increased morbidity and early deaths. A major complication in advanced prostate cancer is bone metastasis that mainly results in pain, pathological fractures, and compression of spinal nerves. These complications in turn cause severe pain radiating to the extremities and possibly sensory as well as motor disturbances. Further, in patients with a high risk of metastases, treatment is limited to palliative therapies. Therefore, accurate methods for the detection of bone metastases are essential. Technical advances such as single-photon emission computed tomography/ computed tomography (SPECT/CT) have emerged after the introduction of bone scans. These advanced methods allow tomographic image acquisition and help in attenuation correction with anatomical co-localization. The use of positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) scanners is also on the rise. These PET scanners are mainly utilized with 18F-sodium-fluoride (NaF), in order to visualize the skeleton and possible changes. Moreover, NaF PET/CT is associated with higher tracer uptake, increased target-to-background ratio and has a higher spatial resolution. However, these newer technologies have not been adopted in clinical guidelines due to lack of definite evidence in support of their use in bone metastases cases. The present review article is focused on current perspectives and challenges of computerized tomography (CT) applications in cases of bone metastases during prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Guanzhong Zhai
- Department of Radiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Radiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhe Liu
- Department of Radiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
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Xie Z, Aitken D, Liu M, Lei G, Jones G, Zhai G. POS0186 METABOLOMIC SIGNATURES FOR KNEE CARTILAGE VOLUME LOSS OVER 10 YEARS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, and its impact is increasing year by year due to an aging population and lack of effective treatments. One of the main structural pathological changes of OA is the loss of articular cartilage. Tools that can predict cartilage loss would help identify people at high risk, thus preventing OA development.Objectives:Using a metabolomics approach, the current study aimed to identify serum metabolomic signatures for predicting the loss of knee cartilage volume over 10 years in a well-established community-based cohort - the Tasmania Older Adult Cohort (TASOAC).Methods:TASOAC is an on-going, prospective, population-based study of older adults who were randomly selected from the roll of electors in Southern Tasmania, Australia. Participants had a right knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan at baseline and a 10-year follow-up. Cartilage volume was measured in the medial, lateral, and patellar compartments and change in cartilage volume over 10 years was calculated as percentage change per year. Fasting serum samples collected at 2.6-year follow-up were metabolomically profiled using the TMIC Prime Metabolomics Profiling Assay which measures a total of 143 metabolites. 129 metabolite concentrations passed the quality control and the pairwise ratios of them as the proxies of enzymatic reaction were calculated. Linear regression models were used to test the association between each of the metabolite ratios and change in cartilage volume in each of the knee compartments with adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). The significance was defined at a=3.0×10-6 to control multiple testing of 16,512 ratios with Bonferroni method.Results:A total of 344 participants (51% females) were included. The mean baseline age was 62.83±6.13 years and the mean BMI was 27.48±4.41 kg/m2. The average follow-up time was 10.84±0.66 years. Cartilage volume reduced by 1.34±0.72%, 1.06±0.58%, and 0.98±0.46% per year in the medial, lateral, and patellar compartments, respectively. Our data showed that an increased ratio of hexadecenoylcarnitine (C16:1) to tetradecanoylcarnitine (C14) was associated with a 0.12±0.02% per year reduction in patellar cartilage volume (p = 8.80×10-7). An increased ratio of hexadecenoylcarnitine (C16:1) to dodecanoylcarnitine (C12) was also associated with a 0.12±0.02% per year reduction in patellar cartilage volume (p = 2.66×10-6). While there were several metabolite ratios associated with cartilage volume loss in the medial and lateral compartments, none of them reached the predefined significance level.Conclusion:Our data suggested that alteration of fatty acid β-oxidation is involved in knee cartilage loss, especially in the patellar compartment, and the serum ratio of C16:1 to C14 and to C12 could be used to predict long-term patellar cartilage loss.Acknowledgements:We thank all the study participants who made the study possible. The original TASOAC study was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the current study was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Ding XW, Zheng ZC, Zhao Q, Zhai G, Liang H, Wu X, Zhu ZG, Wang HJ, He QS, He XL, Du YA, Chen LC, Hua YW, Huang CM, Xue YW, Zhou Y, Zhou YB, Wu D, Fang XD, Dai YG, Zhang HW, Cao JQ, Li LP, Chai J, Tao KX, Li GL, Jie ZG, Ge J, Xu ZF, Zhang WB, Li QY, Zhao P, Ma ZQ, Yan ZL, Zheng GL, Yan Y, Tang XL, Zhou X. [A multi-center retrospective study of perioperative chemotherapy for gastric cancer based on real-world data]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 24:403-412. [PMID: 34000769 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200111-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of perioperative chemotherapy on the prognosis of gastric cancer patients under real-world condition. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Real world data of gastric cancer patients receiving perioperative chemotherapy and surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy in 33 domestic hospitals from January 1, 2014 to January 31, 2016 were collected. Inclusion criteria: (1) gastric adenocarcinoma was confirmed by histopathology, and clinical stage was cT2-4aN0-3M0 (AJCC 8th edition); (2) D2 radical gastric cancer surgery was performed; (3) at least one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was completed; (4) at least 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) [SOX (S-1+oxaliplatin) or CapeOX (capecitabine + oxaliplatin)] were completed. Exclusion criteria: (1) complicated with other malignant tumors; (2) radiotherapy received; (3) patients with incomplete data. The enrolled patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy were included in the perioperative chemotherapy group, and those who received only postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy were included in the surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to control selection bias. The primary outcome were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after PSM. OS was defined as the time from the first neoadjuvant chemotherapy (operation + adjuvant chemotherapy group: from the date of operation) to the last effective follow-up or death. PFS was defined as the time from the first neoadjuvant chemotherapy (operation + adjuvant chemotherapy group: from the date of operation) to the first imaging diagnosis of tumor progression or death. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival rate, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the independent effect of perioperative chemo therapy on OS and PFS. Results: 2 045 cases were included, including 1 293 cases in the surgery+adjuvant chemotherapy group and 752 cases in the perioperative chemotherapy group. After PSM, 492 pairs were included in the analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, tumor stage before treatment, and tumor location between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group, patients in the perioperative chemotherapy group had higher proportion of total gastrectomy (χ(2)=40.526, P<0.001), smaller maximum tumor diameter (t=3.969, P<0.001), less number of metastatic lymph nodes (t=1.343, P<0.001), lower ratio of vessel invasion (χ(2)=11.897, P=0.001) and nerve invasion (χ(2)=12.338, P<0.001). In the perioperative chemotherapy group and surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group, 24 cases (4.9%) and 17 cases (3.4%) developed postoperative complications, respectively, and no significant difference was found between two groups (χ(2)=0.815, P=0.367). The median OS of the perioperative chemotherapy group was longer than that of the surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group (65 months vs. 45 months, HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62-0.89, P=0.001); the median PFS of the perioperative chemotherapy group was also longer than that of the surgery+adjuvant chemotherapy group (56 months vs. 36 months, HR=0.72, 95% CI:0.61-0.85, P<0.001). The forest plot results of subgroup analysis showed that both men and women could benefit from perioperative chemotherapy (all P<0.05); patients over 45 years of age (P<0.05) and with normal body mass (P<0.01) could benefit significantly; patients with cTNM stage II and III presented a trend of benefit or could benefit significantly (P<0.05); patients with signet ring cell carcinoma benefited little (P>0.05); tumors in the gastric body and gastric antrum benefited more significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Ding
- Department of Gastric surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Z C Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute), Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Q Zhao
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - G Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - H Liang
- Department of Gastric surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z G Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H J Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Q S He
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - X L He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Y A Du
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - L C Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Y W Hua
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - C M Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Y W Xue
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Gastic Surgery, Afiliated CancerHospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y B Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - D Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - X D Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal And Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Y G Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming 650118, China
| | - H W Zhang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Digestive Disease, Wuxi Mingci cardiovascular Hospital, Wuxi 214101, China
| | - J Q Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - L P Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - J Chai
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Affiliated Shandong Tumor Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - K X Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - G L Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital/General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Z G Jie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - J Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Z F Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250031, China
| | - W B Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Departerment of Abdominal Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - P Zhao
- Departerment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Tumor Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Z Q Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Uninon Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and PUMC, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z L Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - G L Zheng
- Department of Gastric surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Y Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X L Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - X Zhou
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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Zhai G, Qi L, He W, Dai J, Xu Y, Zheng Y, Huang J, Sun D. Durable super-hydrophobic PDMS@SiO 2@WS 2 sponge for efficient oil/water separation in complex marine environment. Environ Pollut 2021; 269:116118. [PMID: 33280919 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The robust and eco-friendly super-hydrophobic sponge with remarkable performances has been potential adsorption material for the treatment of offshore oil spills. In this work, the durable PDMS@SiO2@WS2 sponge was fabricated via a green and facile one-step dipping method. The mixed tungsten disulfide (WS2) microparticles and hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles were immobilized on the sponge by non-toxic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) glue tier, which featured the hierarchical structure and extreme water repellency with the water contact angle of 158.8 ± 1.4°. The obtained PDMS@SiO2@WS2 sponge exhibits high oil adsorption capacity with 12-112 times of its own weight, and oil/water selectivity with separation efficiency over 99.85%. Notably, when subjected to the complex marine environment including high temperature, corrosive condition, insolation, and strong wind and waves, the modified sponge can maintain sable super-hydrophobicity with water contact angle over 150°. Moreover, it possesses superior mechanical stability for sustainable reusability and oil recovery. The sponge fabricated by non-toxic modifiers along with its sable super-hydrophobicity in complex marine environment makes it a potential material for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhong Zhai
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Lixue Qi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Wang He
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Jiajun Dai
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yanmei Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Jiale Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Daohua Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
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Zou RC, Guo ZT, Wei D, Shi ZT, Ye ZC, Zhai G, Zhong C, Tang B, Wang L, Ge JY. Downregulation of CDCA3 expression inhibits tumor formation in pancreatic cancer. Neoplasma 2020; 67:1223-1232. [PMID: 32701354 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2020_200411n388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Downregulation of cell division cycle-associated 3 (CDCA3) markedly inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in tumors. However, the effect of CDCA3 in pancreatic cancer (PAC) was rarely investigated. Therefore, this study attempted to clarify the role of CDCA3 in PAC. The mRNA and protein expression of CDCA3 were examined in PAC cell lines and tumor tissues by using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blotting (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The effects of CDCA3 downregulation on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and colony information were investigated through MTT assay, Annexin V-APC single staining cell apoptosis detection, and colony formation test. The microarray and ingenuity pathway analysis were employed to explore the potential regulatory relation. The tumor xenograft model was established for determining the effect of CDCA3 downregulation on the growth of PAC in vivo. The results showed that the expression of CDCA3 in tumor tissues was higher than that of normal tissues (p<0.05). In addition, the mRNA expression of CDCA3 was markedly increased in PANC-1 cells and SW 1990 cells when compared with human pancreatic duct epithelial (HPDE) cells (p<0.05). MTT assay showed that the cell proliferation of PANC-1 cells and SW 1990 cells was significantly inhibited after the lentivirus transfection of CDCA3 knockdown (p<0.05). Annexin V-APC apoptosis assays suggested that the apoptotic cell number was markedly increased in the shCDCA3 group compared to that in the shCtrl group in SW 1990 cells and PANC-1 cells (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the activity of caspase-3/7 was obviously elevated in the shCDCA3 group compared to the shCtrl group (p<0.05). The colony formation was notably inhibited in the shCDCA3 group relative to the shCtrl group in SW 1990 cells (p<0.05). Moreover, the tumor growth was evidently suppressed in the shCDCA3 group compared with the shCtrl group in vivo (p<0.05). These findings revealed that CDCA3 plays a crucial role in the progress of PCA by regulating cell apoptosis and proliferation, which may serve as a potential target for PAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Z T Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - D Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Z T Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Z C Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - G Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - C Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - B Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - J Y Ge
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Carlson G, Shirzaei M, Werth S, Zhai G, Ojha C. Seasonal and Long-Term Groundwater Unloading in the Central Valley Modifies Crustal Stress. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 2020; 125:e2019JB018490. [PMID: 33163318 PMCID: PMC7607378 DOI: 10.1029/2019jb018490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Changes in terrestrial water content cause elastic deformation of the Earth's crust. This deformation is thought to play a role in modulating crustal stress and seismicity in regions where large water storage fluctuations occur. Groundwater is an important component of total water storage change in California, helping to drive annual water storage fluctuations and loss during periods of drought. Here we use direct estimates of groundwater volume loss during the 2007-2010 drought in California's Central Valley obtained from high resolution Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar-based vertical land motion data to investigate the effect of groundwater volume change on the evolution of the stress field. We show that GPS-derived elastic load models may not capture the contribution of groundwater to terrestrial water loading, resulting in an underestimation of nontectonic crustal stress change. We find that groundwater unloading during the drought causes Coulomb stress change of up to 5.5 kPa and seasonal fluctuations of up to 2.6 kPa at seismogenic depth. We find that faults near the Valley show the largest stress change and the San Andreas fault experiences only ~40 Pa of Coulomb stress change over the course of a year from groundwater storage change. Annual Coulomb stress change peaks dominantly in the fall, when the groundwater level is low; however, some faults experience peak stress in the spring when groundwater levels are higher. Additionally, we find that periods of increased stress correlate with higher than average seismic moment release but are not correlated with an increase in the number of earthquakes. This indicates groundwater loading likely contributes to nontectonic loading of faults, especially near the Valley edge, but is not a dominant factor in modulation of seismicity in California because the amplitude of stress change declines rapidly with distance from the Valley. By carefully quantifying and spatially locating groundwater fluctuations, we will improve our understanding of what drives nontectonic stress and forces that modulate seismicity in California.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Carlson
- School of Earth and Space ExplorationArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - M. Shirzaei
- School of Earth and Space ExplorationArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - S. Werth
- School of Earth and Space ExplorationArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
- School of Geographical Sciences and Urban PlanningArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - G. Zhai
- School of Earth and Space ExplorationArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
- Department of Earth and Planetary ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - C. Ojha
- School of Earth and Space ExplorationArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
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Li Q, Zhai G, Xu Y, Odoom-Wubah T, Jia L, Huang J, Sun D, Li Q. Diatomite Supported Pt Nanoparticles as Efficient Catalyst for Benzene Removal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Li
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Guanzhong Zhai
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Tareque Odoom-Wubah
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Lishan Jia
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Jiale Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Daohua Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qingbiao Li
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
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Pan L, Zhai G, Yang X, Yu H, Cheng C. Thermosensitive Microgels-Decorated Magnetic Graphene Oxides for Specific Recognition and Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution. ACS Omega 2019; 4:3933-3945. [PMID: 31459602 PMCID: PMC6648301 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel type of smart graphene oxide nanocomposites (MGO@PNB) with excellent magnetism and high thermosensitive ion-recognition selectivity of lead ions (Pb2+). The MGO@PNB are fabricated by immobilizing superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-benzo-18-crown-6 acrylamide) thermosensitive microgels (PNB) onto graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets using a simple one-step solvothermal method and mussel-inspired polydopamine chemistry. The PNB are composed of cross-linked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains with numerous appended 18-crown-6 units. The 18-crown-6 units serve as hosts that can selectively recognize and capture Pb2+ from aqueous solution, and the PNIPAM chains act as a microenvironmental actuator for the inclusion constants of 18-crown-6/Pb2+ host-guest complexes. The loaded Fe3O4 NPs endow the MGO@PNB with convenient magnetic separability. The fabricated MGO@PNB demonstrate remarkably high ion-recognition selectivity of Pb2+ among the coexisting metal ions because of the formation of stable 18-crown-6/Pb2+ inclusion complexes. Most interestingly, the MGO@PNB show excellent thermosensitive adsorption ability toward Pb2+ due to the incorporation of PNIPAM functional chains on the GO. Further thermodynamic studies indicate that the adsorption of Pb2+ onto the MGO@PNB is a spontaneous and endothermic process. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm data can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. Most importantly, the Pb2+-loaded MGO@PNB can be more easily regenerated by alternatively washing with hot/cold water than the commonly used regeneration methods. Such multifunctional graphene oxide nanocomposites could be used for specific recognition and removal of Pb2+ from water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaorong Yang
- College of Chemistry and
Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest
Minzu University, No. 16 South Section 4, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hairong Yu
- College of Chemistry and
Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest
Minzu University, No. 16 South Section 4, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Changjing Cheng
- College of Chemistry and
Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest
Minzu University, No. 16 South Section 4, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
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Ženka J, Caisová V, Uher O, Nedbalová P, Kvardová K, Masáková K, Krejčová G, Paďouková L, Jochmanová I, Wolf KI, Chmelař J, Kopecký J, Loumagne L, Mestadier J, D’agostino S, Rohaut A, Ruffin Y, Croize V, Lemaître O, Sidhu SS, Althammer S, Steele K, Rebelatto M, Tan T, Wiestler T, Spitzmueller A, Korn R, Schmidt G, Higgs B, Li X, Shi L, Jin X, Ranade K, Koeck S, Amann A, Gamerith G, Zwierzina M, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H, Kern J, Riva M, Baert T, Coosemans A, Giovannoni R, Radaelli E, Gsell W, Himmelreich U, Van Ranst M, Xing F, Qian W, Dong C, Xu X, Guo S, Shi Q, Quandt D, Seliger B, Plett C, Amberger DC, Rabe A, Deen D, Stankova Z, Hirn A, Vokac Y, Werner J, Krämer D, Rank A, Schmid C, Schmetzer H, Guerin M, Weiss JM, Regnier F, Renault G, Vimeux L, Peranzoni E, Feuillet V, Thoreau M, Guilbert T, Trautmann A, Bercovici N, Amberger DC, Doraneh-Gard F, Boeck CL, Plett C, Gunsilius C, Kugler C, Werner J, Schmohl J, Kraemer D, Ismann B, Rank A, Schmid C, Schmetzer HM, Markota A, Ochs C, May P, Gottschlich A, Gosálvez JS, Karches C, Wenk D, Endres S, Kobold S, Hilmenyuk T, Klar R, Jaschinski F, Gamerith G, Augustin F, Lorenz E, Manzl C, Hoflehner E, Moser P, Zelger B, Köck S, Amann A, Kern J, Schäfer G, Öfner D, Maier H, Zwierzina H, Sopper S, Prado-Garcia H, Romero-Garcia S, Sandoval-Martínez R, Puerto-Aquino A, Lopez-Gonzalez J, Rumbo-Nava U, Klar R, Hilmenyuk T, Jaschinski F, Coosemans A, Baert T, Van Hoylandt A, Busschaert P, Vergote I, Baert T, Van Hoylandt A, Busschaert P, Vergote I, Coosemans A, Laengle J, Pilatova K, Budinska E, Bencsikova B, Sefr R, Nenutil R, Brychtova V, Fedorova L, Hanakova B, Zdrazilova-Dubska L, Allen C, Ku YC, Tom W, Sun Y, Pankov A, Looney T, Hyland F, Au-Young J, Mongan A, Becker A, Tan JBL, Chen A, Lawson K, Lindsey E, Powers JP, Walters M, Schindler U, Young S, Jaen JC, Yin S, Chen Y, Gullo I, Gonçalves G, Pinto ML, Athelogou M, Almeida G, Huss R, Oliveira C, Carneiro F, Merz C, Sykora J, Hermann K, Hussong R, Richards DM, Fricke H, Hill O, Gieffers C, Pinho MP, Barbuto JAM, McArdle SE, Foulds G, Vadakekolathu JN, Abdel-Fatah TMA, Johnson C, Hood S, Moseley P, Rees RC, Chan SYT, Pockley AG, Rutella S, Geppert C, Hartmann A, Kumar KS, Gokilavani M, Wang S, Merz C, Richards DM, Sykora J, Redondo-Müller M, Heinonen K, Marschall V, Thiemann M, Fricke H, Gieffers C, Hill O, Zhang L, Mao B, Jin Y, Zhai G, Li Z, Wang Z, Qian W, An X, Qiao M, Zhang J, Shi Q, Weber J, Kluger H, Halaban R, Sznol M, Roder H, Roder J, Grigorieva J, Asmellash S, Oliveira C, Meyer K, Steingrimsson A, Blackmon S, Sullivan R, Boeck CL, Amberger DC, Doraneh-Gard F, Sutanto W, Guenther T, Schmohl J, Schuster F, Salih H, Babor F, Borkhardt A, Schmetzer H, Kim Y, Oh I, Park C, Ahn S, Na K, Song S, Choi Y, Fedorova L, Poprach A, Lakomy R, Selingerova I, Demlova R, Pilatova K, Kozakova S, Valik D, Petrakova K, Vyzula R, Zdrazilova-Dubska L, Aguilar-Cazares D, Galicia-Velasco M, Camacho-Mendoza C, Islas-Vazquez L, Chavez-Dominguez R, Gonzalez-Gonzalez C, Prado-Garcia H, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Yang S, Moynihan KD, Noh M, Bekdemir A, Stellacci F, Irvine DJ, Volz B, Kapp K, Oswald D, Wittig B, Schmidt M, Chavez-Dominguez R, Aguilar-Cazares D, Prado-Garcia H, Islas-Vazquez L, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Kleef R, Bohdjalian A, McKee D, Moss RW, Saeed M, Zalba S, Debets R, ten Hagen TLM, Javed S, Becher J, Koch-Nolte F, Haag F, Gordon EM, Sankhala KK, Stumpf N, Tseng W, Chawla SP, Suárez NG, Báez GB, Rodríguez MC, Pérez AG, García LC, Fernández DH, Pous JR, Ramírez BS, Jacoberger-Foissac C, Saliba H, Seguin C, Brion A, Frisch B, Fournel S, Heurtault B, Otterhaug T, Håkerud M, Nedberg A, Edwards V, Selbo P, Høgset A, Jaitly T, Dörrie J, Schaft N, Gross S, Schuler-Thurner B, Gupta S, Taher L, Schuler G, Vera J, Rataj F, Kraus F, Grassmann S, Chaloupka M, Lesch S, Heise C, Endres S, Kobold S, Cadilha BML, Dorman K, Heise C, Rataj F, Endres S, Kobold S. Abstracts from the 4th ImmunoTherapy of Cancer Conference. J Immunother Cancer 2017. [PMCID: PMC5374589 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Zhu Y, Wang P, Zhai G, Bapat B, Sevtap S. Vitamin D receptor and calcium sensing receptor polymorphisms and colorectal cancer survival in Newfoundland population. Eur J Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(17)30262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang W, Sun G, Likhodii S, Randell E, Furey A, Zhai G. THU0022 Hyperglycemia-Related Advanced Glycation End-Products Is Associated with The Altered Phosphytidylcholine Metabolism in Osteoarthritis Patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang W, Sun G, Aitken D, Likhodii S, Liu M, Martin G, Furey A, Randell E, Rahman P, Jones G, Zhai G. SAT0477 Lysophosphatidylcholines To Phosphatidylcholines Ratio Predicts Advanced Knee Osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zhang W, Sun G, Likhodii S, Liu M, Aref-Eshghi E, Harper PE, Martin G, Furey A, Green R, Randell E, Rahman P, Zhai G. Metabolomic analysis of human plasma reveals that arginine is depleted in knee osteoarthritis patients. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:827-34. [PMID: 26708258 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify novel biomarker(s) for knee osteoarthritis (OA) using a metabolomics approach. METHOD We utilized a two-stage case-control study design. Plasma samples were collected from knee OA patients and healthy controls after 8-h fasting and metabolically profiled using a targeted metabolomics assay kit. Linear regression was used to identify novel metabolic markers for OA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to examine diagnostic values. Gene expression analysis was performed on human cartilage to explore the potential mechanism for the novel OA marker(s). RESULTS Sixty-four knee OA patients and 45 controls were included in the discovery stage and 72 knee OA patients and 76 age and sex matched controls were included in the validation stage. We identified and confirmed six metabolites that were significantly associated with knee OA, of which arginine was the most significant metabolite (P < 3.5 × 10(-13)) with knee OA patients having on average 69 μM lower than that in controls. ROC analysis showed that arginine had the greatest diagnostic value with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.984. The optimal cutoff of arginine concentration was 57 μM with 98.3% sensitivity and 89% specificity. The depletion of arginine in OA patients was most likely due to the over activity of arginine to ornithine pathway, leading to imbalance between cartilage repair and degradation. CONCLUSION Arginine is significantly depleted in refractory knee OA patients. Further studies within a longitudinal setting are required to examine whether arginine can predict early OA changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - G Sun
- Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - S Likhodii
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - M Liu
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - E Aref-Eshghi
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - P E Harper
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - G Martin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - A Furey
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - R Green
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - E Randell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - P Rahman
- Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - G Zhai
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada; Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
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O'Rielly D, Zhang Y, Codner D, Dohey A, Zhou A, Al Ghanim N, Hamilton S, Zhai G, Rahman P. OP0200 Global DNA Methylation Patterns Differ Between Responders and Non-Responders in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients Treated with Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitors. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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O'Rielly D, Haroon N, Gao Z, Zhang Y, Codner D, Zhai G, Dohey A, Zhou A, Al Ghanim N, Hamilton S, Inman R, Rahman P. OP0206 Interactions Between Smoking and Methylation Status is Highly Predictive of Radiographic Progression in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Pang X, Liu Z, Zhai G. Advances in non-peptidomimetic HIV protease inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2014; 21:1997-2011. [PMID: 24533811 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666140217115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
HIV protease plays a crucial role in the viral life cycle. It can cleave a series of heptamers in the viral Gag and GagPol precursor proteins to generate mature infectious virus particles. Successful inhibition of the protease will prevent this maturation step and hence block the spreading of HIV. However, the rapid emergence of drug resistance makes it urgent to develop new HIV protease inhibitors to combat the global disease. Besides, poor oral bioavailability, unacceptable side effects, high treatment cost and pill burden also trouble the application of HIV protease inhibitors. In such situations, non-peptidomimetic HIV protease inhibitors have drawn an increasing interest as a potential therapeutic option due to their small molecular weight, favorable bioavailability, high stability in vivo, low resistance and cost of production. In this review, we present the recent advances in non-peptidomimetic HIV protease inhibitors. Their design strategies, biological activities, resistance profiles, as well as clinical application will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - G Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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O'Rielly D, Pollock R, Zhang Y, Al-Ghanim N, Yazdani R, Hamilton S, Bricknell R, Chandran V, Ardern R, Gladman D, Zhai G, Rahman P. AB0160 Epigenetic Studies in Maternally versus Paternally Transmitted Psoriatic Disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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O'Rielly D, Zhang Y, Al-Ghanim N, Ardern R, Munn A, Hamilton S, Bricknell R, Zhai G, Rahman P. OP0018 Epigenetic Study of Advanced Ankylosis in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Cai X, Fang Z, Dou J, Yu A, Zhai G. Bioavailability of quercetin: problems and promises. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:2572-82. [PMID: 23514412 DOI: 10.2174/09298673113209990120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin (QC) is a typical plant flavonoid, possesses diverse pharmacologic effects including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-anaphylaxis effects and against aging. However, the application of QC in pharmaceutical field is limited due to its poor solubility, low bioavailability, poor permeability and instability. To improve the bioavailability of QC, numerous approaches have been undertaken, involving the use of promising drug delivery systems such as inclusion complexes, liposomes, nanoparticles or micelles, which appear to provide higher solubility and bioavailability. Enhanced bioavailability of QC in the near future is likely to bring this product to the forefront of therapeutic agents for treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Warden G, Harnett D, Green J, Wish T, Woods MO, Green R, Dicks E, Rahman P, Zhai G, Parfrey P. A population-based study of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer: evidence of pathologic and genetic heterogeneity. Clin Genet 2013; 84:522-30. [PMID: 23278430 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) may be the result of Lynch syndrome (LS) caused by mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, a syndrome of unknown etiology called familial colorectal cancer type-X (FCCTX), or familial serrated neoplasia associated with the colorectal cancer (CRC) somatic BRAF mutation. To determine the cause of HNPCC in the founder population of the island of Newfoundland, we studied 37 families with LS and 29 families without LS who fulfilled the Amsterdam I criteria. In non-LS, four index CRCs were BRAF mutation positive, one of which was microsatellite instable. Geographic clustering of LS families caused by three different founder mutations in MSH2 was observed. Nine unique MMR mutations in four MMR genes were identified in single families distributed in different geographic isolates. The geographic distribution of non-LS was similar to LS. The coefficient of relatedness using genotype data was significantly higher for non-LS than for all CRC. Extensive genealogic investigation failed to connect non-LS families and in some clusters pathologic CRC heterogeneity was observed. We conclude that non-LS HNPCC may be a heterogeneous disorder with different pathogenic pathways, and that the geographic distribution is consistent with multiple different mutations in unknown CRC susceptibility gene(s).
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Kerkhof HJM, Doherty M, Arden NK, Abramson SB, Attur M, Bos SD, Cooper C, Dennison EM, Doherty SA, Evangelou E, Hart DJ, Hofman A, Javaid K, Kerna I, Kisand K, Kloppenburg M, Krasnokutsky S, Maciewicz RA, Meulenbelt I, Muir KR, Rivadeneira F, Samuels J, Sezgin M, Slagboom E, Smith AJP, Spector TD, Tamm A, Tamm A, Uitterlinden AG, Wheeler M, Zhai G, Zhang W, van Meurs JBJ, Valdes AM. Large-scale meta-analysis of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist polymorphisms on risk of radiographic hip and knee osteoarthritis and severity of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2011; 19:265-71. [PMID: 21146623 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the role of common genetic variation in the Interleukin-1β (IL1B) and Interleukin-1R antagonist (IL1RN) genes on risk of knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) and severity of knee OA by means of large-scale meta-analyses. METHODS We searched PubMed for articles assessing the role of IL1B and IL1RN polymorphisms/haplotypes on the risk of hip and/or knee OA. Novel data were included from eight unpublished studies. Meta-analyses were performed using fixed- and random-effects models with a total of 3595 hip OA and 5013 knee OA cases, and 6559 and 9132 controls respectively. The role of ILRN haplotypes on radiographic severity of knee OA was tested in 1918 cases with Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) 1 or 2 compared to 199 cases with K/L 3 or 4. RESULTS The meta-analysis of six published studies retrieved from the literature search and eight unpublished studies showed no evidence of association between common genetic variation in the IL1B or IL1RN genes and risk of hip OA or knee OA (P>0.05 for rs16944, rs1143634, rs419598 and haplotype C-G-C (rs1143634, rs16944 and rs419598) previously implicated in risk of hip OA). The C-T-A haplotype formed by rs419598, rs315952 and rs9005, previously implicated in radiographic severity of knee OA, was associated with reduced severity of knee OA (odds ratio (OR)=0.71 95%CI 0.56-0.91; P=0.006, I(2)=74%), and achieved borderline statistical significance in a random-effects model (OR=0.61 95%CI 0.35-1.06 P=0.08). CONCLUSION Common genetic variation in the Interleukin-1 region is not associated with prevalence of hip or knee OA but our data suggest that IL1RN might have a role in severity of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J M Kerkhof
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Panoutsopoulou K, Southam L, Elliott KS, Wrayner N, Zhai G, Beazley C, Thorleifsson G, Arden NK, Carr A, Chapman K, Deloukas P, Doherty M, McCaskie A, Ollier WER, Ralston SH, Spector TD, Valdes AM, Wallis GA, Wilkinson JM, Arden E, Battley K, Blackburn H, Blanco FJ, Bumpstead S, Cupples LA, Day-Williams AG, Dixon K, Doherty SA, Esko T, Evangelou E, Felson D, Gomez-Reino JJ, Gonzalez A, Gordon A, Gwilliam R, Halldorsson BV, Hauksson VB, Hofman A, Hunt SE, Ioannidis JPA, Ingvarsson T, Jonsdottir I, Jonsson H, Keen R, Kerkhof HJM, Kloppenburg MG, Koller N, Lakenberg N, Lane NE, Lee AT, Metspalu A, Meulenbelt I, Nevitt MC, O'Neill F, Parimi N, Potter SC, Rego-Perez I, Riancho JA, Sherburn K, Slagboom PE, Stefansson K, Styrkarsdottir U, Sumillera M, Swift D, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tsezou A, Uitterlinden AG, van Meurs JBJ, Watkins B, Wheeler M, Mitchell S, Zhu Y, Zmuda JM, Zeggini E, Loughlin J. Insights into the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis from stage 1 of the arcOGEN study. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 70:864-7. [PMID: 21177295 PMCID: PMC3070286 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2010.141473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The genetic aetiology of osteoarthritis has not yet been elucidated. To enable a well-powered genome-wide association study (GWAS) for osteoarthritis, the authors have formed the arcOGEN Consortium, a UK-wide collaborative effort aiming to scan genome-wide over 7500 osteoarthritis cases in a two-stage genome-wide association scan. Here the authors report the findings of the stage 1 interim analysis. Methods The authors have performed a genome-wide association scan for knee and hip osteoarthritis in 3177 cases and 4894 population-based controls from the UK. Replication of promising signals was carried out in silico in five further scans (44 449 individuals), and de novo in 14 534 independent samples, all of European descent. Results None of the association signals the authors identified reach genome-wide levels of statistical significance, therefore stressing the need for corroboration in sample sets of a larger size. Application of analytical approaches to examine the allelic architecture of disease to the stage 1 genome-wide association scan data suggests that osteoarthritis is a highly polygenic disease with multiple risk variants conferring small effects. Conclusions Identifying loci conferring susceptibility to osteoarthritis will require large-scale sample sizes and well-defined phenotypes to minimise heterogeneity.
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Zhai G, Zhang M, Xu H, Zhu C, Li B. The role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography whole body imaging in the evaluation of focal thyroid incidentaloma. J Endocrinol Invest 2010; 33:151-5. [PMID: 19783895 DOI: 10.1007/bf03346574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is a non-invasive whole-body imaging technique used to evaluate various types of malignancies. Recent advances have rapidly developed it into a diagnostic imaging tool in oncology. OBJECTIVES In this study, the prevalence of thyroid incidentaloma and its cancer risk rate were investigated by 18F-FDG PET/CT. The threshold of maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) for differentiation of benign and malignant tumors was also defined. METHODS From June 2007 to December 2008, 3600 subjects underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT in our department. Among the population under study, 115 subjects developed focal increased 18F-FDG uptake as thyroid incidentalomas and their SUVmax were analyzed qualitatively and semi-quantitatively. RESULTS Data from the 18F-FDG PET/CT study suggested that overall prevalence of thyroid incidentaloma was 3.2% (115/3580). Among the 96 incidentalomas (20 confirmed by surgery; 76 confirmed by fine-needle aspiration) with additional cyto- and histopathological diagnoses, 50% were malignant thyroid lesions. Therefore, the cancer risk of thyroid incidentaloma was 50%. SUVmax values of the malignant samples were significantly higher than those of benign (p=0.00, p<0.05). A SUVmax above 8 tended to be malignant. A significant correlation between SUVmax and maximal diameter of the thyroid incidentaloma was also indicated. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid incidentaloma detected by 18FFDG PET/CT has higher risk rate for thyroid malignancy; SUVmax can be used for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Zhai G, Buckle C, Chen C, Luo Q, Gao J. Re-investigation of human hypothalamic responses to oral water ingestion using fMRI. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Zhai G, van Meurs JBJ, Livshits G, Meulenbelt I, Valdes AM, Soranzo N, Hart D, Zhang F, Kato BS, Richards JB, Williams FMK, Inouye M, Kloppenburg M, Deloukas P, Slagboom E, Uitterlinden A, Spector TD. A genome-wide association study suggests that a locus within the ataxin 2 binding protein 1 gene is associated with hand osteoarthritis: the Treat-OA consortium. J Med Genet 2009; 46:614-6. [PMID: 19508968 PMCID: PMC2729370 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.067314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To identify the susceptibility gene in hand osteoarthritis (OA) the authors used a two-stage approach genome-wide association study using two discovery samples (the TwinsUK cohort and the Rotterdam discovery subset; a total of 1804 subjects) and four replication samples (the Chingford Study, the Chuvasha Skeletal Aging Study, the Rotterdam replication subset and the Genetics, Arthrosis, and Progression (GARP) Study; a total of 3266 people). Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had a likelihood of association with hand OA in the discovery stage and one of them (rs716508), was successfully confirmed in the replication stage (meta-analysis p = 1.81×10−5). The C allele conferred a reduced risk of 33% to 41% using a case–control definition. The SNP is located in intron 1 of the A2BP1 gene. This study also found that the same allele of the SNP significantly reduced bone density at both the hip and spine (p<0.01), suggesting the potential mechanism of the gene in hand OA might be via effects on subchondral bone. The authors' findings provide a potential new insight into genetic mechanisms in the development of hand OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK.
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Zhai G, Andrew T, Kato BS, Blake GM, Spector TD. Genetic and environmental determinants on bone loss in postmenopausal Caucasian women: a 14-year longitudinal twin study. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20:949-53. [PMID: 18810303 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY This longitudinal twin study documented that genetic factors explain 44-56% of the between-individual variance in bone loss at femoral neck, lumbar spine, and forearm in postmenopausal Caucasian women, providing a rationale for identifying the specific genes involved. INTRODUCTION Although there is a significant genetic effect on peak BMD, until recently, no substantive studies on heritability of bone loss in human were available. The aim of the study was to estimate the heritability of the bone loss at multiple sites in postmenopausal Caucasian women. METHODS Postmenopausal female monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins aged 40 or above at baseline were selected from the TwinsUK registry and followed up for an average of 8 years (range 5-14 years). All twins were noncurrent hormone replacement therapy users and not on any osteoporosis treatment. They had dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of their hip, lumbar spine, and forearm several times (range 2-9) during the follow-up period. Individual bone losses at femoral neck, lumbar spine, and forearm were estimated by linear regression modeling. Structural equation modeling was utilized to estimate the heritability of the bone loss. RESULTS A total of 712 postmenopausal Caucasian female twins (152 MZ and 204 DZ pairs) were included. MZ twins were older and had slightly lower BMD at all sites than DZ twins. DZ twins had slightly higher bone loss at lumbar spine, but similar at femoral neck and forearm compared to MZ twins. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for the bone loss at all sites were significantly higher in MZ than DZ twin pairs (p = 0.0045, 0.0003, and 0.0007 for femoral neck, lumbar spine, and forearm, respectively), indicating a significant genetic influence on bone loss at these sites. After adjustment for age at baseline and weight change during the follow-up, the heritability estimate was 47% (95% CI 27-63%) for bone loss at femoral neck, 44% (95% CI 27-58%) for lumbar spine, and 56% (95% CI 44-65%) for forearm. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that up to 56% of the between-individual variance in bone loss is due to genes, providing a rationale to identify specific genetic factors for bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, King's College London School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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Mangino M, Richards JB, Soranzo N, Zhai G, Aviv A, Valdes AM, Samani NJ, Deloukas P, Spector TD. A genome-wide association study identifies a novel locus on chromosome 18q12.2 influencing white cell telomere length. J Med Genet 2009; 46:451-4. [PMID: 19359265 PMCID: PMC2696823 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2008.064956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Telomere length is a predictor for a number of common age related diseases and is a heritable trait. Methods and results: To identify new loci associated with mean leukocyte telomere length we conducted a genome wide association study of 314 075 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and validated the results in a second cohort (n for both cohorts combined = 2790). We identified two novel associated variants (rs2162440, p = 2.6×10−6; and rs7235755, p = 5.5×10−6) on chromosome 18q12.2 in the same region as the VPS34/PIKC3C gene, which has been directly implicated in the pathway controlling telomere length variation in yeast. Conclusion: These results provide new insights into the pathways regulating telomere homeostasis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mangino
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
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Zhai G, Hart DJ, Valdes AM, Kato BS, Richards JB, Hakim A, Spector TD. Natural history and risk factors for bone loss in postmenopausal Caucasian women: a 15-year follow-up population-based study. Osteoporos Int 2008; 19:1211-7. [PMID: 18305885 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this 15-year follow-up study, we found that the estimated rate of bone loss at the femoral neck (FN) for women aged 45-68 was linear at a rate of 1.67% per year, but quadratic for lumbar spine (LS) at a rate of 3.12% initially, and slowing down with age. We also confirmed the protective role of HRT, increasing weight, and lean mass in long-term bone loss. INTRODUCTION The objective was to describe the natural history of bone loss and explore the role of environmental factors in postmenopausal women over a 15-year period. METHODS Bone mineral density (BMD) at the FN and the LS were measured in postmenopausal women from the Chingford Study. Height, weight, HRT status, and calcium/vitamin D supplement were assessed at each visit. Osteoarthritis of hip and spine was assessed by X-ray at baseline and at year 8. RESULTS A total of 955 postmenopausal women with an average age of 54.7 at baseline were included. Both FN and LS BMD decreased significantly with age (p<0.0001). The decline was larger in the LS (-3.12% per year), which showed a quadratic relationship, than in the FN (-1.67% per year) with a linear relationship. The rate of bone loss was reduced by one third annually for the FN and LS respectively in current HRT users. Change in weight was positively associated with both DeltaFN and DeltaLS BMD (beta=0.16% and 0.09% change in DeltaFN and DeltaLS BMD per kilogramme change in weight respectively, p<0.0001 for both sites). Spine OA and progression were positively associated with DeltaLS BMD (beta=1.22% change in DeltaLS BMD per grade in spine OA and 0.45% change in DeltaLS BMD for patients who progressed, p<0.0001 for spine OA and p=0.002 for spine OA progression). Spine OA (beta=0.54% change in DeltaFN BMD per grade, p<0.0001), but not progression, and hip OA were positively associated with DeltaFN BMD. Furthermore, both age and body weight at baseline were positively associated with both DeltaFN and DeltaLS BMD (beta=0.02-0.04% change in DeltaFN and DeltaLS BMD per year increase in age at baseline and 0.004-0.007% change in DeltaFN and DeltaLS BMD per kilogramme increase in weight at baseline, all p<0.0001). CONCLUSION This large population-based longitudinal study demonstrated that the decline of BMD over 15 years is linear with age for the FN, but quadratic for the LS. The study confirmed the protective role of HRT, increased weight and lean mass in long-term bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, King's College London School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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Richards JB, Rivadeneira F, Inouye M, Pastinen TM, Soranzo N, Wilson SG, Andrew T, Falchi M, Gwilliam R, Ahmadi KR, Valdes AM, Arp P, Whittaker P, Verlaan DJ, Jhamai M, Kumanduri V, Moorhouse M, van Meurs JB, Hofman A, Pols HAP, Hart D, Zhai G, Kato BS, Mullin BH, Zhang F, Deloukas P, Uitterlinden AG, Spector TD. Bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and osteoporotic fractures: a genome-wide association study. Lancet 2008; 371:1505-12. [PMID: 18455228 PMCID: PMC2679414 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is diagnosed by the measurement of bone mineral density, which is a highly heritable and multifactorial trait. We aimed to identify genetic loci that are associated with bone mineral density. METHODS In this genome-wide association study, we identified the most promising of 314 075 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 2094 women in a UK study. We then tested these SNPs for replication in 6463 people from three other cohorts in western Europe. We also investigated allelic expression in lymphoblast cell lines. We tested the association between the replicated SNPs and osteoporotic fractures with data from two studies. FINDINGS We identified genome-wide evidence for an association between bone mineral density and two SNPs (p<5x10(-8)). The SNPs were rs4355801, on chromosome 8, near to the TNFRSF11B (osteoprotegerin) gene, and rs3736228, on chromosome 11 in the LRP5 (lipoprotein-receptor-related protein) gene. A non-synonymous SNP in the LRP5 gene was associated with decreased bone mineral density (rs3736228, p=6.3x10(-12) for lumbar spine and p=1.9x10(-4) for femoral neck) and an increased risk of both osteoporotic fractures (odds ratio [OR] 1.3, 95% CI 1.09-1.52, p=0.002) and osteoporosis (OR 1.3, 1.08-1.63, p=0.008). Three SNPs near the TNFRSF11B gene were associated with decreased bone mineral density (top SNP, rs4355801: p=7.6x10(-10) for lumbar spine and p=3.3x10(-8) for femoral neck) and increased risk of osteoporosis (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.01-1.42, p=0.038). For carriers of the risk allele at rs4355801, expression of TNFRSF11B in lymphoblast cell lines was halved (p=3.0x10(-6)). 1883 (22%) of 8557 people were at least heterozygous for these risk alleles, and these alleles had a cumulative association with bone mineral density (trend p=2.3x10(-17)). The presence of both risk alleles increased the risk of osteoporotic fractures (OR 1.3, 1.08-1.63, p=0.006) and this effect was independent of bone mineral density. INTERPRETATION Two gene variants of key biological proteins increase the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. The combined effect of these risk alleles on fractures is similar to that of most well-replicated environmental risk factors, and they are present in more than one in five white people, suggesting a potential role in screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- JB Richards
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Inouye
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - TM Pastinen
- McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - N Soranzo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - SG Wilson
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia
| | - T Andrew
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Falchi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Gwilliam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - KR Ahmadi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - AM Valdes
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Arp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - P Whittaker
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - DJ Verlaan
- McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - M Jhamai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - V Kumanduri
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - M Moorhouse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - JB van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - HAP Pols
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - D Hart
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G Zhai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - BS Kato
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - BH Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia
| | - F Zhang
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - AG Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - TD Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
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Ding C, Parameswaran V, Cicuttini F, Burgess J, Zhai G, Quinn S, Jones G. Association between leptin, body composition, sex and knee cartilage morphology in older adults: the Tasmanian older adult cohort (TASOAC) study. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 67:1256-61. [DOI: 10.1136/ard.2007.082651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zhang F, Zhai G, Kato BS, Hart DJ, Hunter D, Spector TD, Ahmadi KR. Association between KLOTHO gene and hand osteoarthritis in a female Caucasian population. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2007; 15:624-9. [PMID: 17270470 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Accepted: 12/03/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common complex disease with strong heritable components. In this study, we investigated the association between four putatively functional genetic variants in KLOTHO gene, a strong ageing-related gene, and hand OA in a large female Caucasian population. METHODS Subjects (n=1015, age range 33-74 years) were selected from the TwinsUK Registry. Radiographs of both hands were taken for each individual with standard posteroanterior view. The presence/absence of radiographic OA, osteophyte and joint space narrowing (JSN) was assessed using a standard atlas. Four putatively functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in KLOTHO gene were genotyped using allelic discrimination assay. Association was initially estimated using Pearson's chi(2) or Fisher's exact test at allelic and genotypic levels. The direction and magnitude of significant association were further investigated by robust logistic regression with age as a covariate. RESULTS We found significant association between SNP G-395A and the presence/absence of radiographic hand OA and osteophyte, but not JSN. Allele G significantly increased the risk for radiographic hand OA and osteophytes with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.44 (P=0.008, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.91) and 1.36 (P=0.006, 95% CI 1.09-1.70), respectively. From logistic regression modelling, genotype GG showed more than three-fold increased risk for both radiographic hand OA (OR=3.10, 95% CI 1.10-8.76) and osteophyte (OR=3.10, 95% CI 1.10-8.75) when compared to genotype AA. After adjustment for age, ORs for genotype GG further increased to 4.39 (P=0.006, 95% CI 1.51-12.74) for radiographic hand OA and to 4.47 (P=0.005, 95% CI 1.56-12.77) for osteophytes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that one variant in KLOTHO gene is associated with the susceptibility of hand OA and appears to act through osteophyte formation rather than cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhang
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital Campus, London, UK.
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Zhai G, Hart DJ, Kato BS, MacGregor A, Spector TD. Genetic influence on the progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a longitudinal twin study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2007; 15:222-5. [PMID: 17045816 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/02/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic influences on rates of osteoarthritis (OA) progression are unknown. Our aim was to estimate the heritability of progression of radiographic knee OA using a longitudinal twin study. METHODS Unselected monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs from the TwinsUK registry were utilized. Anteroposterior radiographs were performed on both knees at baseline and follow-up using the same protocol. Radiographic features of knee OA including osteophyte and joint space narrowing (JSN) were assessed on a four-point scale using a standard atlas. Progression of knee osteophyte and JSN was defined as the difference in the corresponding score between follow-up and baseline > or =1. Liability threshold modelling using logistic regression was utilized for heritability estimation. RESULTS A total of 114 MZ pairs and 195 DZ pairs were studied. The average follow-up time was 7.2 years. Medial progression of osteophyte and JSN was more common than lateral progression. Prevalence of progression was generally higher in the MZs than the DZs. Similarly, concordances and tetrachoric correlations for both osteophyte and JSN were higher in the MZs than the DZs although only significant for overall and medial JSN and osteophyte. The heritability estimates were 69% [95% confidence interval (CI) 42-97%] and 80% (95% CI 50-100%) for medial osteophyte and JSN, respectively. The estimates were reduced by 7-15% after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), and the severity of osteophyte/JSN at baseline. CONCLUSION Our data documented a substantial genetic influence on the progression of knee OA--as seen in the medial compartment, providing a solid basis to search for genes involved in this highly relevant clinical trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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Zhai G, Aviv A, Hunter DJ, Hart DJ, Gardner JP, Kimura M, Lu X, Valdes AM, Spector TD. Reduction of leucocyte telomere length in radiographic hand osteoarthritis: a population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65:1444-8. [PMID: 17038452 PMCID: PMC1798337 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.056903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although age is the strongest predictor of osteoarthritis, the exact mechanism underlying this disorder remains elusive. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between leucocyte telomere length (LTL), a bio-indicator of ageing, and radiographic hand osteoarthritis. METHODS An unselected, predominantly female sample from the TwinsUK Adult Twin Registry (Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, St Thomas Hospital, London, UK) was studied. Radiographs of both hands were obtained with a standard posteroanterior view and assessed for radiographic osteoarthritis according to the Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) score. Individual radiographic features including osteophytes and joint space narrowing (JSN) were also assessed on a four-point scale using a standard atlas. Hand osteoarthritis was defined radiographically as having >or=3 osteoarthritis-affected joints of both hands (K/L score>or=2). Severity of hand osteoarthritis was indicated semiquantitatively by total K/L scores, osteophytes, JSN scores and proportion of joints affected. Mean LTL was measured by the terminal restriction fragment length using the Southern blot. RESULTS A total of 1086 Caucasian subjects (mean (SD) age 55 (8.0) years) were studied. LTL was 6.95 (0.64) kb and was inversely correlated with age. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and smoking, LTL was significantly shorter by 178 bp in subjects with hand osteoarthritis (n = 160) than in those without (n = 926; p = 0.04). LTL was also significantly associated with semicontinuous measures of osteoarthritis (eg, total K/L score, JSN score, osteophyte score and proportion of joints affected) after adjustment (all p<or=0.02) in a dose-response fashion. CONCLUSION Shorter LTL equivalent to around 11 years of annual loss in normal people is associated with radiographic hand osteoarthritis and disease severity, suggesting potential shared mechanisms between osteoarthritis and ageing, and implicating oxidative stress and low-level chronic inflammation in both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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Chakravarti A, Desilvio M, Zhang M, Grignon D, Rosenthal S, Asbell S, Hanks G, Sandler H, Pollack A, Zhai G, Shipley W. The Prognostic Value of p16 Expression in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Study Based on RTOG 92-02. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhai G, Ho A, Hammond E, Fontanesi J, Rotman M, Pilepich M, Shipley W, Sandler H, Pollack A, Zhang M, Chakravarti A. Phospho-AKT Expression and Prognosis of Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Study Based on RTOG 8610. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chakravarti A, Mukherjee N, Mukherjee S, Zhai G, Robe P, Carroll R, Loeffler JS, Black PM. Novel gene expression patterns associated with progression and adverse outcome in high-grade gliomas. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Chakravarti
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
| | - N. Mukherjee
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
| | - S. Mukherjee
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
| | - G. Zhai
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
| | - P. Robe
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
| | - R. Carroll
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
| | - J. S. Loeffler
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
| | - P. M. Black
- MA Gen Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA; Duke Univ, Durham, NC; MA Gen Hosp, Boston, MA; Brigham & Women’s Hospital/HMS, Boston, MA
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Zhai G, Rivadeneira F, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Meulenbelt I, Bijkerk C, Hofman A, van Meurs JBJ, Uitterlinden AG, Pols HAP, Slagboom PE, van Duijn CM. Insulin-like growth factor I gene promoter polymorphism, collagen type II alpha1 (COL2A1) gene, and the prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis: the Rotterdam Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63:544-8. [PMID: 15082485 PMCID: PMC1754973 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2003.010751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of an IGF-I gene promoter polymorphism in the prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA), and study its interaction with the COL2A1 gene. METHODS Individuals genotyped for IGF-I (n = 1546) and COL2A1 gene polymorphisms (n = 808) were selected from a random sample (n = 1583) derived from the Rotterdam study. The presence of ROA was defined as a Kellgren score of 2 or more in at least one of four joints (knee, hip, hand, and spine). Genotype specific odds ratios (OR) were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and bone mineral density using logistic regression. Interaction with the COL2A1 genotype was tested. RESULTS Overall, no association was found between the IGF-I polymorphism and ROA. In subjects aged 65 years or younger (n = 971), the prevalence of ROA increased with the absence of the 192 base pair (bp) allele (p for trend = 0.03). Compared with homozygotes for the 192 bp allele, the prevalence of ROA was 1.4 times higher in heterozygotes (95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 1.8) and 1.9 times higher in non-carriers (1.1 to 3.3). There was evidence of interaction between the IGF-I and COL2A1 genes. Individuals with the risk genotype of both genes had an increased prevalence of ROA (OR 3.4 (1.1 to 10.7)). No effect was observed in subjects older than 65 years. CONCLUSIONS SUBJECTS with genetically determined low IGF-I expression (non-carriers of the 192 bp allele) may be at increased risk of ROA before the age of 65 years. Furthermore, an interaction between the IGF-I and COL2A1 genes is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Nehterlands Institute for Health Sciences, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Jones G, Ding C, Zhai G, Scott F, Cooley H, Cicuttini F. Arthritis Res Ther 2004; 6:54. [DOI: 10.1186/ar1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mukai H, Tanaka A, Fujii T, Zeng Y, Hong Y, Tang J, Guo S, Xue H, Sun Z, Zhou J, Xue D, Zhao J, Zhai G, Gu J, Zhai P. Regional characteristics of sulfur and lead isotope ratios in the atmosphere at several Chinese urban sites. Environ Sci Technol 2001; 35:1064-1071. [PMID: 11347915 DOI: 10.1021/es001399u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur and lead isotope ratios in the atmosphere were measured at several selected sites (Harbin, Changchun, Dalian, Waliguan, Shanghai, Nanjing, Guiyang) in China and Tsukuba (Japan), to reveal regional sources characteristics over Eastern Asia. Average S isotope ratios for SO2 and sulfate in the atmosphere in China were close to those of the coals used in each region, indicating a considerable contribution of coal combustion to the sulfur compounds in the atmosphere. Most northern cities had around 5% sulfur isotope ratio, while Guiyang, a southwestern city in China, showed a considerably lower sulfur isotope ratio (about -3%) because of the unusually light sulfur isotope ratio of coals in this region. These were considerably different from the value (-1.4%) for Tsukuba (Japan). Lead isotope ratios also suggested that coal combustion considerably contributed to atmospheric lead in some cases in China. At the same time, influences by the emission of Chinese lead ores were also observed in northern cities. Seasonal variations of both sulfur and lead isotope ratios indicated the existence of a certain amount of industrial sources other than coal combustion. In addition, fractionation effect between SO2 and sulfate showed a seasonal tendency (high in winter (0-6%) and low in summer (-1-3%)), suggesting the oxidation pathway of SO2 changed seasonally.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mukai
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Abstract
The interaction of the zinc finger protein WT1 with RNA aptamers has been investigated using a quantitative binding assay, and the results have been compared to those from a previous study of the DNA binding properties of this protein. A recombinant peptide containing the four zinc fingers of WT1 (WT1-ZFP) binds to representatives of three specific families of RNA aptamers with apparent dissociation constants ranging from 13.8 +/- 1.1 to 87.4 +/- 10.4 nM, somewhat higher than the dissociation constant of 4.12 +/- 0.4 nM for binding to DNA. An isoform that contains an insertion of three amino acids between the third and fourth zinc fingers (WT1[+KTS]-ZFP) also binds to these RNAs with slightly reduced affinity (the apparent dissociation constants ranging from 22.8 to 69.8 nM) but does not bind to DNA. The equilibrium binding of WT1-ZFP to the highest-affinity RNA molecule was compared to the equilibrium binding to a consensus DNA molecule as a function of temperature, pH, monovalent salt concentration, and divalent salt concentration. The interaction of WT1-ZFP with both nucleic acids is an entropy-driven process. Binding of WT1-ZFP to RNA has a pH optimum that is narrower than that observed for binding to DNA. Binding of WT1-ZFP to DNA is optimal at 5 mM MgCl(2), while the highest affinity for RNA was observed in the absence of MgCl(2). Binding of WT1 to both nucleic acid ligands is sensitive to increasing monovalent salt concentration, with a greater effect observed for DNA than for RNA. Point mutations in the zinc fingers associated with Denys-Drash syndrome have dramatically different effects on the interaction of WT1-ZFP with DNA, but a consistent and modest effect on the interaction with RNA. The role of RNA sequence and secondary structure in the binding of WT1-ZFP was probed by site-directed mutagenesis. Results indicate that a hairpin loop is a critical structural feature required for protein binding, and that some consensus nucleotides can be substituted provided proper base pairing of the stem of the hairpin loop is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6
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Jiang X, Zhang L, Gong M, Hong L, Wang M, Zhai G. [Does simple posterior dislocation of the elbow necessitate strict immobilization?]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2000; 38:736-8. [PMID: 11832151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To research for the ideal treatment of isolated posterior dislocation with the elbow after reduction. METHODS 36 patients of isolated posterior dislocation of the elbow after closed reduction (male 26, female 10; left 14, right 22; dominant extremity 21, undominant extremity 15; average age 22) were examined by varus and valgus stress test and push-draw test. Satisfactory stability from 30 degrees to 130 degrees flexion of the elbow was found in all patients. For the 30 patients below 35 years old, long-arm posterior splint was applied to immobilize the elbow joint at 90 degrees flexion and pronation for one week. For 6 patients over 35 years old, we only immobilized the elbow joint for 3 to 5 days with a neck-wrist sling. Prompt active motion begin after the swelling and pain reduced slightly, but the last 30 extension was not allowed for the first 1 to 2 weeks. Forceful passive motion and stretching of the elbow joint were avoided in all patients. RESULTS The average follow-up time was 9 months (3 - 15 months). Range of motion and muscle power were regained within 3 - 4 months. 32 patients rehabilitated completely and 4 of the 6 patients decreased extension for 5 degrees - 10 degrees. No unstable symptoms and signs or recurrent dislocation were found. No ectopic calcification or post-traumatic arthritic changes were found on X-ray follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The ulna-humeral joint is one of the most highly constrained joints in the body with intrinsic stability. Bony structure is stable enough to allow for capsular and ligamental structure healing, even during active motion. For isolated posterior dislocation of the elbow joint, short-term immobilization and early functional exercise are desirable. Elbow instability and recurrent dislocation are rare and do not necessitate long-term strict immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Jiang
- Department of Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
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Gong M, Li Z, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhai G, Shi S, Jin F, Wang S, Ma N, Li J. Noncollinear-pumped KTP optical parametric oscillator. Appl Opt 1999; 38:7402-7405. [PMID: 18324292 DOI: 10.1364/ao.38.007402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical analysis and an experimental study are presented on the phase-matching condition of noncollinearly pumped optical parametric oscillators (OPO's) based on a noncritical phase-matching potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) OPO. It is shown that noncollinearly pumped, double-pass, singly resonant optical parametric oscillators maintain the advantage of round-trip parametric gain in a collinear pump, since in this case the two generated signal waves are coherent, which results in high conversion efficiency and low pump threshold. With this KTP OPO we achieved 31% energy conversion efficiency from a 1064-nm pump wave to 1572-nm eye-safe output. In addition, because the incident pump beam is not perpendicular to the OPO cavity mirrors and consequently no reflected beam flows back into the pump source, we can avoid employing optical isolators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gong
- Digital Photonics Laboratory, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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