1
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French MT, Gumus G. Hit-and-run or hit-and-stay? Unintended effects of a stricter BAC limit. Risk Anal 2024. [PMID: 38355301 DOI: 10.1111/risa.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Although they comprise a relatively small subset of all traffic deaths, hit-and-run (HR) fatalities are both contemptible and preventable. We analyze longitudinal data from 1982 to 2008 to examine the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) laws on HR traffic fatalities. Our results suggest that lower BAC limits may have an unintended consequence of increasing HR fatalities, whereas a similar effect is absent for non-HR fatalities. Specifically, we find that the adoption of a 0.08 BAC limit is associated to an 8.3% increase in HR fatalities. This unintended effect is more pronounced in urban areas and during weekends, which are typical settings for HR incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T French
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Miami Herbert Business School, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- Department of Management Programs, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
- IZA, Bonn, Germany
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2
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Iskrov G, Raycheva R, Kostadinov K, Gillner S, Blankart CR, Gross ES, Gumus G, Mitova E, Stefanov S, Stefanov G, Stefanov R. Are the European reference networks for rare diseases ready to embrace machine learning? A mixed-methods study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:25. [PMID: 38273306 PMCID: PMC10809751 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The delay in diagnosis for rare disease (RD) patients is often longer than for patients with common diseases. Machine learning (ML) technologies have the potential to speed up and increase the precision of diagnosis in this population group. We aim to explore the expectations and experiences of the members of the European Reference Networks (ERNs) for RDs with those technologies and their potential for application. METHODS We used a mixed-methods approach with an online survey followed by a focus group discussion. Our study targeted primarily medical professionals but also other individuals affiliated with any of the 24 ERNs. RESULTS The online survey yielded 423 responses from ERN members. Participants reported a limited degree of knowledge of and experience with ML technologies. They considered improved diagnostic accuracy the most important potential benefit, closely followed by the synthesis of clinical information, and indicated the lack of training in these new technologies, which hinders adoption and implementation in routine care. Most respondents supported the option that ML should be an optional but recommended part of the diagnostic process for RDs. Most ERN members saw the use of ML limited to specialised units only in the next 5 years, where those technologies should be funded by public sources. Focus group discussions concluded that the potential of ML technologies is substantial and confirmed that the technologies will have an important impact on healthcare and RDs in particular. As ML technologies are not the core competency of health care professionals, participants deemed a close collaboration with developers necessary to ensure that results are valid and reliable. However, based on our results, we call for more research to understand other stakeholders' opinions and expectations, including the views of patient organisations. CONCLUSIONS We found enthusiasm to implement and apply ML technologies, especially diagnostic tools in the field of RDs, despite the perceived lack of experience. Early dialogue and collaboration between health care professionals, developers, industry, policymakers, and patient associations seem to be crucial to building trust, improving performance, and ultimately increasing the willingness to accept diagnostics based on ML technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Iskrov
- Institute for Rare Diseases, 22 Maestro G. Atanasov St., 4017, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Ralitsa Raycheva
- Institute for Rare Diseases, 22 Maestro G. Atanasov St., 4017, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kostadin Kostadinov
- Institute for Rare Diseases, 22 Maestro G. Atanasov St., 4017, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Sandra Gillner
- KPM Center for Public Management, University of Bern, Freiburgstr. 3, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine (Sitem-Insel), Freiburgstr. 3, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carl Rudolf Blankart
- KPM Center for Public Management, University of Bern, Freiburgstr. 3, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine (Sitem-Insel), Freiburgstr. 3, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Edith Sky Gross
- EURORDIS - Rare Diseases Europe, 96 Rue Didot, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- EURORDIS - Rare Diseases Europe, 96 Rue Didot, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Elena Mitova
- Institute for Rare Diseases, 22 Maestro G. Atanasov St., 4017, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Stefanov
- Institute for Rare Diseases, 22 Maestro G. Atanasov St., 4017, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Epidemiology and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Stefanov
- Institute for Rare Diseases, 22 Maestro G. Atanasov St., 4017, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Rumen Stefanov
- Institute for Rare Diseases, 22 Maestro G. Atanasov St., 4017, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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3
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Garnier N, Berghout J, Zygmunt A, Singh D, Huang KA, Kantz W, Blankart CR, Gillner S, Zhao J, Roettger R, Saier C, Kirschner J, Schenk J, Atkins L, Ryan N, Zarakowska K, Zschüntzsch J, Zuccolo M, Müllenborn M, Man YS, Goodman L, Trad M, Chalandon AS, Sansen S, Martinez-Fresno M, Badger S, Walther van Olden R, Rothmann R, Lehner P, Tschohl C, Baillon L, Gumus G, Gross E, Stefanov R, Iskrov G, Raycheva R, Kostadinov K, Mitova E, Einhorn M, Einhorn Y, Schepers J, Hübner M, Alves F, Iskandar R, Mayer R, Renieri A, Piperkova A, Gut I, Beltran S, Matthiesen ME, Poetz M, Hansson M, Trollmann R, Agolini E, Ottombrino S, Novelli A, Bertini E, Selvatici R, Farnè M, Fortunato F, Ferlini A. Genetic newborn screening and digital technologies: A project protocol based on a dual approach to shorten the rare diseases diagnostic path in Europe. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293503. [PMID: 37992053 PMCID: PMC10664952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 72% of rare diseases are genetic in origin and mostly paediatrics, genetic newborn screening represents a diagnostic "window of opportunity". Therefore, many gNBS initiatives started in different European countries. Screen4Care is a research project, which resulted of a joint effort between the European Union Commission and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations. It focuses on genetic newborn screening and artificial intelligence-based tools which will be applied to a large European population of about 25.000 infants. The neonatal screening strategy will be based on targeted sequencing, while whole genome sequencing will be offered to all enrolled infants who may show early symptoms but have resulted negative at the targeted sequencing-based newborn screening. We will leverage artificial intelligence-based algorithms to identify patients using Electronic Health Records (EHR) and to build a repository "symptom checkers" for patients and healthcare providers. S4C will design an equitable, ethical, and sustainable framework for genetic newborn screening and new digital tools, corroborated by a large workout where legal, ethical, and social complexities will be addressed with the intent of making the framework highly and flexibly translatable into the diverse European health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Garnier
- Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Joanne Berghout
- Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aldona Zygmunt
- Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Deependra Singh
- Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kui A. Huang
- Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Waltraud Kantz
- Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carl Rudolf Blankart
- KPM Center for Public Management and Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Gillner
- KPM Center for Public Management and Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Richard Roettger
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christina Saier
- Department of Neuropediatric and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Kirschner
- Department of Neuropediatric and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joern Schenk
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG, Opfikon, Switzerland
| | - Leon Atkins
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG, Opfikon, Switzerland
| | - Nuala Ryan
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG, Opfikon, Switzerland
| | - Kaja Zarakowska
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG, Opfikon, Switzerland
| | - Jana Zschüntzsch
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Yuen-Sum Man
- Novo Nordisk Health Care AG, Switzerland &Novo Nordisk A/S, Kloten, Denmark
| | - Liz Goodman
- University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert Rothmann
- Research Institute AG & Co KG, Digital Human Rights Center, Wien, Austria
| | - Patrick Lehner
- Research Institute AG & Co KG, Digital Human Rights Center, Wien, Austria
| | - Christof Tschohl
- Research Institute AG & Co KG, Digital Human Rights Center, Wien, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Rumen Stefanov
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Bulgarian Association for Promotion of Education and Science, Institute for Rare Disease, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Iskrov
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Bulgarian Association for Promotion of Education and Science, Institute for Rare Disease, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ralitsa Raycheva
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Bulgarian Association for Promotion of Education and Science, Institute for Rare Disease, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kostadin Kostadinov
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Bulgarian Association for Promotion of Education and Science, Institute for Rare Disease, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Mitova
- Bulgarian Association for Promotion of Education and Science, Institute for Rare Disease, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | | | - Josef Schepers
- Berlin Institute of Health (at) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Hübner
- Berlin Institute of Health (at) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rowan Iskandar
- Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine (sitem-insel), Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Aneta Piperkova
- Bulgarian Association for Personalized Medicine, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivo Gut
- Centro Nacional de Analisis Genomico, CNAG, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Beltran
- Centro Nacional de Analisis Genomico, CNAG, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marion Poetz
- Department of Strategy and Innovation, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rita Selvatici
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marianna Farnè
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Fortunato
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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4
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Sikonja J, Groselj U, Scarpa M, la Marca G, Cheillan D, Kölker S, Zetterström RH, Kožich V, Le Cam Y, Gumus G, Bottarelli V, van der Burg M, Dekkers E, Battelino T, Prevot J, Schielen PCJI, Bonham JR. Towards Achieving Equity and Innovation in Newborn Screening across Europe. Int J Neonatal Screen 2022; 8:ijns8020031. [PMID: 35645285 PMCID: PMC9149820 DOI: 10.3390/ijns8020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although individual rare disorders are uncommon, it is estimated that, together, 6000+ known rare diseases affect more than 30 million people in Europe, and present a substantial public health burden. Together with the psychosocial burden on affected families, rare disorders frequently, if untreated, result in a low quality of life, disability and even premature death. Newborn screening (NBS) has the potential to detect a number of rare conditions in asymptomatic children, providing the possibility of early treatment and a significantly improved long-term outcome. Despite these clear benefits, the availability and conduct of NBS programmes varies considerably across Europe and, with the increasing potential of genomic testing, it is likely that these differences may become even more pronounced. To help improve the equity of provision of NBS and ensure that all children can be offered high-quality screening regardless of race, nationality and socio-economic status, a technical meeting, endorsed by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union, was held in October 2021. In this article, we present experiences from individual EU countries, stakeholder initiatives and the meeting's final conclusions, which can help countries attempting to establish new NBS programmes or expand existing provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaka Sikonja
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Bohoričeva ulica 20, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urh Groselj
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Bohoričeva ulica 20, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (U.G.); (J.R.B.); Tel.: +386-1522-92-35 (U.G.); +44-7530196443 (J.R.B.)
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Regional Coordinating Center for Rare Diseases, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases (MetabERN), Udine University Hospital, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
- Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Lab, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - David Cheillan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, CEDEX, 69677 Bron, France;
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Rolf H. Zetterström
- Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viktor Kožich
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University-First Faculty of Medicine, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic;
- General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 2, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yann Le Cam
- EURORDIS-Rare Diseases Europe, 75014 Paris, France; (Y.L.C.); (G.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- EURORDIS-Rare Diseases Europe, 75014 Paris, France; (Y.L.C.); (G.G.); (V.B.)
| | | | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Eugenie Dekkers
- Centre for Population Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Tadej Battelino
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Bohoričeva ulica 20, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Johan Prevot
- International Patient Organisation for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Downderry, Cornwall PL11 3LY, UK;
| | - Peter C. J. I. Schielen
- Office of the International Society for Neonatal Screening, Reigerskamp 273, 3607 HP Maarssen, The Netherlands;
| | - James R. Bonham
- Office of the International Society for Neonatal Screening, Reigerskamp 273, 3607 HP Maarssen, The Netherlands;
- Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK
- Correspondence: (U.G.); (J.R.B.); Tel.: +386-1522-92-35 (U.G.); +44-7530196443 (J.R.B.)
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5
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Zurek B, Ellwanger K, Vissers LELM, Schüle R, Synofzik M, Töpf A, de Voer RM, Laurie S, Matalonga L, Gilissen C, Ossowski S, 't Hoen PAC, Vitobello A, Schulze-Hentrich JM, Riess O, Brunner HG, Brookes AJ, Rath A, Bonne G, Gumus G, Verloes A, Hoogerbrugge N, Evangelista T, Harmuth T, Swertz M, Spalding D, Hoischen A, Beltran S, Graessner H. Solve-RD: systematic pan-European data sharing and collaborative analysis to solve rare diseases. Eur J Hum Genet 2021; 29:1325-1331. [PMID: 34075208 PMCID: PMC8440542 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-021-00859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time in Europe hundreds of rare disease (RD) experts team up to actively share and jointly analyse existing patient's data. Solve-RD is a Horizon 2020-supported EU flagship project bringing together >300 clinicians, scientists, and patient representatives of 51 sites from 15 countries. Solve-RD is built upon a core group of four European Reference Networks (ERNs; ERN-ITHACA, ERN-RND, ERN-Euro NMD, ERN-GENTURIS) which annually see more than 270,000 RD patients with respective pathologies. The main ambition is to solve unsolved rare diseases for which a molecular cause is not yet known. This is achieved through an innovative clinical research environment that introduces novel ways to organise expertise and data. Two major approaches are being pursued (i) massive data re-analysis of >19,000 unsolved rare disease patients and (ii) novel combined -omics approaches. The minimum requirement to be eligible for the analysis activities is an inconclusive exome that can be shared with controlled access. The first preliminary data re-analysis has already diagnosed 255 cases form 8393 exomes/genome datasets. This unprecedented degree of collaboration focused on sharing of data and expertise shall identify many new disease genes and enable diagnosis of many so far undiagnosed patients from all over Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Zurek
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kornelia Ellwanger
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ana Töpf
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richarda M de Voer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Laurie
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leslie Matalonga
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Ossowski
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter A C 't Hoen
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Han G Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony J Brookes
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ana Rath
- INSERM, US14-Orphanet, Plateforme Maladies Rares, Paris, France
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Paris, France
| | | | - Alain Verloes
- Genetics Department, APHP-Robert Debré University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicoline Hoogerbrugge
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tina Harmuth
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Morris Swertz
- Department of Genetics, Genomics Coordination Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dylan Spalding
- European Bioinformatics Institute, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergi Beltran
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Holm Graessner
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Abstract
In light of recent discussions about shifting employees from traditional workplaces to virtual employment, we are motivated by the question of whether this phenomenon will end up saving lives even in the absence of an infectious disease outbreak. Motor vehicle incidents are the leading cause of work-related fatalities in the US, killing more than 1200 workers each year, which make up about a quarter of all work-related deaths. Not only are motor vehicle crashes the top killer at work, but economic expansions can further increase occupational and traffic deaths as they both tend to be procyclical. In this paper, we examine the effects of business cycles on traffic fatalities in the US with a special focus on work-related deaths. Specifically, we implement a longitudinal design across all 50 states by compiling quarterly data for 2004-2012 and consider macroeconomic fluctuations around the Great Recession. Our findings show that traffic deaths during prosperous times are not solely due to an increase in risky behaviors such as drunk driving, but directly related to work. Given the highly preventable nature of traffic crashes, policy makers, public health advocates, and employers can develop effective strategies, including remote work arrangements, to improve both occupational and traffic safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T French
- University of Miami, Miami Herbert Business School, Department of Health Management and Policy, USA.
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- Department of Management Programs, Florida Atlantic University, USA; IZA, Bonn, Germany.
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7
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Atalaia A, Thompson R, Corvo A, Carmody L, Piscia D, Matalonga L, Macaya A, Lochmuller A, Fontaine B, Zurek B, Hernandez-Ferrer C, Reinhard C, Gómez-Andrés D, Desaphy JF, Schon K, Lohmann K, Jennings MJ, Synofzik M, Riess O, Yaou RB, Evangelista T, Ratnaike T, Bros-Facer V, Gumus G, Horvath R, Chinnery P, Laurie S, Graessner H, Robinson P, Lochmuller H, Beltran S, Bonne G. Correction to: A guide to writing systematic reviews of rare disease treatments to generate FAIRcompliant datasets: building a Treatabolome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:145. [PMID: 33752678 PMCID: PMC7986249 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01777-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Atalaia
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, 75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France.
| | - Rachel Thompson
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alberto Corvo
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leigh Carmody
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Davide Piscia
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leslie Matalonga
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Paediatric Neurology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital and VHIR (Euro-NMD, ERN-RND), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Lochmuller
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bertrand Fontaine
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, 75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Birte Zurek
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carles Hernandez-Ferrer
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carola Reinhard
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Gómez-Andrés
- Paediatric Neurology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital and VHIR (Euro-NMD, ERN-RND), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-François Desaphy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Katherine Schon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthew J Jennings
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rabah Ben Yaou
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, 75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Teresinha Evangelista
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, INSERM, Centre de Référence Des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est, Ile de France, Paris, France
| | - Thiloka Ratnaike
- Department of Paediatrics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick Chinnery
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven Laurie
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Holm Graessner
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Robinson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Hanns Lochmuller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sergi Beltran
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, 75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France
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8
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Atalaia A, Thompson R, Corvo A, Carmody L, Piscia D, Matalonga L, Macaya A, Lochmuller A, Fontaine B, Zurek B, Hernandez-Ferrer C, Reinhard C, Gómez-Andrés D, Desaphy JF, Schon K, Lohmann K, Jennings MJ, Synofzik M, Riess O, Yaou RB, Evangelista T, Ratnaike T, Bros-Facer V, Gumus G, Horvath R, Chinnery P, Laurie S, Graessner H, Robinson P, Lochmuller H, Beltran S, Bonne G. A guide to writing systematic reviews of rare disease treatments to generate FAIR-compliant datasets: building a Treatabolome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:206. [PMID: 32787960 PMCID: PMC7424983 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare diseases are individually rare but globally affect around 6% of the population, and in over 70% of cases are genetically determined. Their rarity translates into a delayed diagnosis, with 25% of patients waiting 5 to 30 years for one. It is essential to raise awareness of patients and clinicians of existing gene and variant-specific therapeutics at the time of diagnosis to avoid that treatment delays add up to the diagnostic odyssey of rare diseases' patients and their families. AIMS This paper aims to provide guidance and give detailed instructions on how to write homogeneous systematic reviews of rare diseases' treatments in a manner that allows the capture of the results in a computer-accessible form. The published results need to comply with the FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship to facilitate the extraction of datasets that are easily transposable into machine-actionable information. The ultimate purpose is the creation of a database of rare disease treatments ("Treatabolome") at gene and variant levels as part of the H2020 research project Solve-RD. RESULTS Each systematic review follows a written protocol to address one or more rare diseases in which the authors are experts. The bibliographic search strategy requires detailed documentation to allow its replication. Data capture forms should be built to facilitate the filling of a data capture spreadsheet and to record the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria to each search result. A PRISMA flowchart is required to provide an overview of the processes of search and selection of papers. A separate table condenses the data collected during the Systematic Review, appraised according to their level of evidence. CONCLUSIONS This paper provides a template that includes the instructions for writing FAIR-compliant systematic reviews of rare diseases' treatments that enables the assembly of a Treatabolome database that complement existing diagnostic and management support tools with treatment awareness data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Atalaia
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, F-75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France.
| | - Rachel Thompson
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alberto Corvo
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leigh Carmody
- The Jackson Laboratory For Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Davide Piscia
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leslie Matalonga
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Paediatric Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and VHIR (Euro-NMD, ERN-RND), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Lochmuller
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bertrand Fontaine
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, F-75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Birte Zurek
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carles Hernandez-Ferrer
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carola Reinhard
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Gómez-Andrés
- Paediatric Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and VHIR (Euro-NMD, ERN-RND), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-François Desaphy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Katherine Schon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthew J Jennings
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rabah Ben Yaou
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, F-75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Teresinha Evangelista
- Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, INSERM, Centre de référence Des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est, Ile de France, Paris, France
| | - Thiloka Ratnaike
- Department of Paediatrics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick Chinnery
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven Laurie
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Holm Graessner
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Robinson
- The Jackson Laboratory For Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Hanns Lochmuller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sergi Beltran
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Universite - Inserm UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris, 47, boulevard de l'Hopital, F-75 651, Paris Cedex 13, France
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Kandemir Besek N, Erdogan G, Gumus G, Kepez Yildiz B, Aygit E, Yildirim Y, Agca A. Comparative evaluation of re-use or replacement of dislocated 3-piece intraocular lenses with a scleral fixation technique. J Fr Ophtalmol 2020; 43:139-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Policy Points US maternal mortality rates (MMRs) display considerable racial disparities and exceed those of other developed countries. While worldwide MMRs have dropped sharply since the 1990s, the US MMR appears to be rising. We provide strong evidence of the effectiveness of pregnancy-related public health spending on improvements in maternal health. Using longitudinal data from Florida counties, we found that spending on public health significantly reduced the MMR among black mothers and narrowed black-white outcome disparities. Each 10% increase in pregnancy-related public health expenditures was associated with a 13.5% decline in MMR among blacks and a 20.0% reduction in black-white disparities. CONTEXT Maternal mortality rates in the United States exceed those of other developed countries. Moreover, these rates show considerable racial disparities, in which black mothers are at three to four times the risk compared with their white counterparts. With more than half of all maternal deaths deemed to be preventable, public health interventions have the potential to improve maternal health along with other pregnancy outcomes. This rigorous longitudinal study examines the impact of a package of pregnancy-related public health programs on maternal mortality rates. METHODS We analyzed administrative data on pregnancy-related public health expenditures, maternal mortality rates, and sociodemographic factors from all 67 Florida counties between 2001 and 2014. Florida provides consistent counts of maternal deaths for the entire period of this analysis. We estimated both fixed-effects ordinary least squares regressions (OLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM) models. GMM enabled us to identify the impact of public health expenditures on maternal mortality rates while also addressing both potential endogeneity and serial correlation problems. We also provide a series of robustness and falsification tests. FINDINGS Overall, a 10% increase in targeted public health expenditures led to a weakly significant decline in overall maternal mortality rates of 3.9%. The estimated effect for white mothers was not statistically significant. However, we found statistically significant improvements for black mothers. Specifically, a 10% increase in pregnancy-related public health spending led to a 13.5% decline in maternal mortality rates among black mothers and a 20.0% reduction in the black-white maternal mortality gap. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis provides strong evidence of the effectiveness of public health programs in reducing maternal mortality rates and addressing racial disparities.
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11
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Romantsik O, Agyemang AA, Sveinsdóttir S, Rutardóttir S, Holmqvist B, Cinthio M, Mörgelin M, Gumus G, Karlsson H, Hansson SR, Åkerström B, Ley D, Gram M. The heme and radical scavenger α 1-microglobulin (A1M) confers early protection of the immature brain following preterm intraventricular hemorrhage. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:122. [PMID: 31174551 PMCID: PMC6554963 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is associated with cerebro-cerebellar damage in very preterm infants, leading to neurodevelopmental impairment. Penetration, from the intraventricular space, of extravasated red blood cells and extracellular hemoglobin (Hb), to the periventricular parenchyma and the cerebellum has been shown to be causal in the development of brain injury following GM-IVH. Furthermore, the damage has been described to be associated with the cytotoxic nature of extracellular Hb-metabolites. To date, there is no therapy available to prevent infants from developing either hydrocephalus or serious neurological disability. Mechanisms previously described to cause brain damage following GM-IVH, i.e., oxidative stress and Hb-metabolite toxicity, suggest that the free radical and heme scavenger α1-microglobulin (A1M) may constitute a potential neuroprotective intervention. Methods Using a preterm rabbit pup model of IVH, where IVH was induced shortly after birth in pups delivered by cesarean section at E29 (3 days prior to term), we investigated the brain distribution of recombinant A1M (rA1M) following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration at 24 h post-IVH induction. Further, short-term functional protection of i.c.v.-administered human A1M (hA1M) following IVH in the preterm rabbit pup model was evaluated. Results Following i.c.v. administration, rA1M was distributed in periventricular white matter regions, throughout the fore- and midbrain and extending to the cerebellum. The regional distribution of rA1M was accompanied by a high co-existence of positive staining for extracellular Hb. Administration of i.c.v.-injected hA1M was associated with decreased structural tissue and mitochondrial damage and with reduced mRNA expression for proinflammatory and inflammatory signaling-related genes induced by IVH in periventricular brain tissue. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that rA1M/hA1M is a potential candidate for neuroprotective treatment following preterm IVH. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-019-1486-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Romantsik
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Electrical Measurements, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mattias Mörgelin
- Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Stefan R Hansson
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo Åkerström
- Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Ley
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Gram
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,A1M Pharma AB, Lund, Sweden.
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12
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French MT, Gumus G. Watch for motorcycles! The effects of texting and handheld bans on motorcyclist fatalities. Soc Sci Med 2018; 216:81-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Baysal A, Baltaci H, Ozbek N, Destanoglu O, Ustabasi GS, Gumus G. Chemical characterization of surface snow in Istanbul (NW Turkey) and their association with atmospheric circulations. Environ Monit Assess 2017; 189:275. [PMID: 28523580 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-5982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the impurities in natural snow is important in realizing its atmospheric quality, soil characteristics, and the pollution caused to the environment. Knowledge of the occurrence of major ions and trace metals in the snow in the megacity of Istanbul is very limited. This manuscript attempts to understand the origin of major soluble ions (fluoride, acetate, formate, chlorite, chloride, nitrite, chlorate, bromide, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and perchlorate) and some trace metals (Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu) in winter surface snow, collected in Istanbul, Turkey. The sampling of the surface snow was conducted after each precipitation during the winter of 2015-2016 at three sites in the city. Besides the statistical evaluation of the major ions, and some trace metal concentrations, the chemical variations along with atmospheric circulations, which are important modification mechanisms that influence the concentrations, were investigated in the study. At examined locations and times, 12 major anions were investigated and in these anions fluoride, chlorite, chlorate, bromide, and perchlorate in the snow samples were below the detection limit; only SO42-, NO3-, and CI- were found to be in the range of 1.11-17.90, 0.75-4.52, and 0.19-3.01 mg/L. Also, according to the trace element determination, the concentration was found to be 29.2-53.7, 2.0-16.1, 1.0-2.2, 50.1-71.1, 24.2-35.2, ND-7.9, 43.2-106.6, and 3.0-17.7 μg/L for Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cu, respectively. The major anions and investigated trace elements here originated mainly from anthropogenic and atmospheric circulation and mainly influenced by northerly and southerly circulation patterns. While the main limitations in the present study may be the low number of samples that may not be entirely representative, accurately reflect identification, or support other previously observed local measurements, we believe that the type of data presented in this study has the potential to be used in the field of environmental risk assessment and, as result, for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Baysal
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, 34295 Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hakki Baltaci
- Turkish State Meteorological Service, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nil Ozbek
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Destanoglu
- Department of Chemistry, The Council of Forensic Medicine, 34196, Bahcelievler Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gul Sirin Ustabasi
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, 34295 Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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French MT, Homer J, Gumus G, Hickling L. Key Provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): A Systematic Review and Presentation of Early Research Findings. Health Serv Res 2016; 51:1735-71. [PMID: 27265432 PMCID: PMC5034214 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To conduct a systematic literature review of selected major provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) pertaining to expanded health insurance coverage. We present and synthesize research findings from the last 5 years regarding both the immediate and long-term effects of the ACA. We conclude with a summary and offer a research agenda for future studies. STUDY DESIGN We identified relevant articles from peer-reviewed scholarly journals by performing a comprehensive search of major electronic databases. We also identified reports in the "gray literature" disseminated by government agencies and other organizations. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Overall, research shows that the ACA has substantially decreased the number of uninsured individuals through the dependent coverage provision, Medicaid expansion, health insurance exchanges, availability of subsidies, and other policy changes. Affordability of health insurance continues to be a concern for many people and disparities persist by geography, race/ethnicity, and income. Early evidence also indicates improvements in access to and affordability of health care. All of these changes are certain to ultimately impact state and federal budgets. CONCLUSIONS The ACA will either directly or indirectly affect almost all Americans. As new and comprehensive data become available, more rigorous evaluations will provide further insights as to whether the ACA has been successful in achieving its goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T French
- Departments of Sociology, Health Sector Management and Policy, Economics, and Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL.
| | - Jenny Homer
- Health Economics Research Group, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- Department of Management Programs, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL
- IZA, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lucas Hickling
- Health Economics Research Group, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL
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15
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French MT, Gumus G. Macroeconomic fluctuations and motorcycle fatalities in the U.S. Soc Sci Med 2013; 104:187-93. [PMID: 24581077 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of business cycles on health outcomes in general, and on traffic fatalities in particular, have received much attention recently. In this paper, we focus on motorcycle safety and examine the impact of changing levels of economic activity on fatal crashes by motorcyclists in the United States. We analyze state-level longitudinal data with 1,104 state/year observations from the 1988-2010 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). Using the extensive motorcycle crash characteristics available in FARS, we examine not only total fatality rates but also rates decomposed by crash type, day, time, and the level of the motorcycle operator's blood alcohol content. Our results are consistent with much of the existing literature showing that traffic fatality rates are pro-cyclical. The estimates suggest that a 10% increase in real income per capita is associated with a 10.4% rise in the total motorcycle fatality rate. Along with potential mechanisms, policymakers and public health officials should consider the effects of business cycles on motorcycle safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T French
- University of Miami, Department of Sociology, USA; University of Miami, Department of Economics, USA; University of Miami, Department of Public Health Sciences, USA.
| | - Gulcin Gumus
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Management Programs, USA; IZA, Bonn, Germany.
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Abstract
Between 1996 and 2003, a series of amendments were made to the Tax Reform Act of 1986 that gradually increased the tax deduction for health insurance purchases by the self-employed (SE) from 25 to 100 percent. We study how these changes have influenced the likelihood that a SE person has health insurance coverage as the policyholder. The Current Population Survey is used to construct a data set corresponding to 1995-2005. Both the difference-in-differences and price elasticity of demand estimates suggest that the series of tax deductions did not provide sufficient incentives for the SE to obtain health insurance coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Gumus
- Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA IZA, Bonn, Germany
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17
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French MT, Gumus G, Homer JF. Motorcycle fatalities among out-of-state riders and the role of universal helmet laws. Soc Sci Med 2012; 75:1855-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gumus G, Borkowski N, Deckard GJ, Martel KJ. Healthcare managers' perceptions of professional development and organizational support. J Health Hum Serv Adm 2011; 34:42-63. [PMID: 21847875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article explores the participation of healthcare managers in professional development (PD) activities, the reasons for seeking PD and the perceived support of their organizations in terms of reward and recognition. METHODOLOGY An exploratory survey was emailed to current and past members of three professional associations who share similar missions "to provide educational and networking opportunities" for their members in the southern region of Florida. FINDINGS Findings suggest that healthcare managers and healthcare organizations both support and value personal and professional development. Certification by professional organizations appears to be a key credential for upward mobility. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS This study serves as an initial attempt to account for the factors that explain differences in pursuing professional development activities. Given the exploratory nature of the study and low response rates, the findings provide direction for further research rather than conclusive judgments. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Continuous learning by managers and organizations should allow the healthcare industry to position itself for future challenges. ORIGINALITY Across all settings, positions, age groups, and perceived organizational support, individuals seek professional certification suggesting recognition of the professional value associated with these certifications. The value attributed to certification and PD by healthcare managers is further demonstrated by our finding that individuals engage in these activities even in the absence of employer reimbursement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Gumus
- Department of Management Programs, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
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Gumus G, Borkowski N, Deckard GJ, Martel KJ. Gender differences in professional development of healthcare managers. Leadersh Health Serv (Bradf Engl) 2009. [DOI: 10.1108/17511870910996123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of alcohol and traffic policies in reducing automobile crashes and fatalities, but only a few have analyzed the impact of state-specific policies on motorcycle safety. Given the growing popularity and inherent safety risks of motorcycle riding, this study provides a comprehensive investigation of both fatal and non-fatal injuries. State-level longitudinal data from 1990 to 2005 are analyzed to determine how various alcohol and traffic policies impact motorcycle safety and whether there are differential effects by type of injury. The results consistently show that universal helmet laws have the most significant effect on both non-fatal and fatal injuries. Mandatory rider education programs and speed limits on rural interstates significantly impact non-fatal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T French
- Health Economics Research Group, Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124-2030, USA.
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Abstract
This study investigates the association between alcohol use and emergency-department (ED) utilization in the United States using nationally representative data from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey (N = 33,326). Estimates from our probit models indicate that among men, current drinkers are less likely to have visited the ED in the past year than former drinkers. Among women, lifetime abstainers are less likely than current drinkers to have had an ED episode. Finally, frequency of binge drinking significantly increases the likelihood of ED visits for men. The results suggest that focusing solely on problem drinking provides a limited perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T French
- Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124-2030, USA.
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Chumakov Y, Luneau D, Yuksel F, Ahsen V, Gumus G, Gurol I. The study of unprecedented tubular channels formation in alkyl-substituted oxamide oxime metal complexes. Acta Crystallogr A 2007. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767307096432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Gumus G, Filik H, Demirata B. Determination of bismuth and zinc in pharmaceuticals by first derivative UV–Visible spectrophotometry. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ergun E, Demirata B, Gumus G, Apak R. Simultaneous determination of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b by derivative spectrophotometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2004; 379:803-11. [PMID: 15164154 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-004-2637-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2003] [Revised: 03/18/2004] [Accepted: 04/08/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) and chlorophyll b (Chl b) plant pigments, which are important in the food industry and are beneficial as environmental pollution indicators, have been extracted with a novel solvent mixture (1:1 v/v acetone-propanol) not containing chloroform and simultaneously determined by first-derivative spectrophotometry. The results were statistically compared to those obtained by the ordinary absorption spectrophotometric reference utilizing the principle of additivity of absorbances. The testing of the developed method in synthetic mixtures of Chl a and Chl b and in real plant material samples (grass, spinach, chard, purslane, black cabbage, crisp lettuce, rocket, dill and seaweed) proved successful in that the developed extractive derivative spectrophotometric method was both rapid and precise, and was not dependent on the Chl a/b ratio in contrast to the reference method which was adversely affected by the latter parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Ergun
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 80626 Istanbul, Turkey
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