1
|
Sercundes MK, Ortolan LS, da Silva Julio V, Bella LM, de Castro Quirino T, Debone D, Carneiro-Ramos MS, Christoffolete MA, Martins JO, D'Império Lima MR, Alvarez JM, Amarante-Mendes GP, Gonçalves LA, Marinho CRF, Epiphanio S. Blockade of caspase cascade overcomes malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome in mice. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:144. [PMID: 35145061 PMCID: PMC8831525 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is an enormous burden on global health that caused 409,000 deaths in 2019. Severe malaria can manifest in the lungs, an illness known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Not much is known about the development of malaria-associated ARDS (MA-ARDS), especially regarding cell death in the lungs. We had previously established a murine model that mimics various human ARDS aspects, such as pulmonary edema, hemorrhages, pleural effusion, and hypoxemia, using DBA/2 mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Here, we explored the mechanisms and the involvement of apoptosis in this syndrome. We found that apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of MA-ARDS, primarily as facilitators of the alveolar-capillary barrier breakdown. The protection of pulmonary endothelium by inhibiting caspase activation could be a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent the pathogenicity of MA-ARDS. Therefore, intervention in the programmed death cell mechanism could help patients not to develop severe malaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K Sercundes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana S Ortolan
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Global Infectious Disease, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Viviane da Silva Julio
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Bella
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thatyane de Castro Quirino
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Debone
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Joilson O Martins
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José M Alvarez
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lígia Antunes Gonçalves
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio R F Marinho
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Epiphanio
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hernández-Torres M, Silva do Nascimento R, Rebouças MC, Cassado A, Matteucci KC, D'Império-Lima MR, Vasconcelos JRC, Bortoluci KR, Alvarez JM, Amarante-Mendes GP. Correction: Absence of Bim sensitizes mice to experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:817. [PMID: 34462433 PMCID: PMC8405697 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Hernández-Torres
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Monica Cardozo Rebouças
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Cassado
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kely Catarine Matteucci
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular - CTCMol - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Ronnie C Vasconcelos
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular - CTCMol - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina R Bortoluci
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular - CTCMol - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Maria Alvarez
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hernández-Torres M, Silva do Nascimento R, Rebouças MC, Cassado A, Matteucci KC, D'Império-Lima MR, Vasconcelos JRC, Bortoluci KR, Alvarez JM, Amarante-Mendes GP. Absence of Bim sensitizes mice to experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:692. [PMID: 34247195 PMCID: PMC8272718 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a life-threatening disorder caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasite-specific antibodies, CD8+ T cells, as well as IFN-γ and nitric oxide (NO) are key elements of the adaptive and innate immunity against the extracellular and intracellular forms of the parasite. Bim is a potent pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family implicated in different aspects of the immune regulation, such as negative selection of self-reactive thymocytes and elimination of antigen-specific T cells at the end of an immune response. Interestingly, the role of Bim during infections remains largely unidentified. To explore the role of Bim in Chagas disease, we infected WT, Bim+/-, Bim-/- mice with trypomastigotes forms of the Y strain of T. cruzi. Strikingly, our data revealed that Bim-/- mice exhibit a delay in the development of parasitemia followed by a deficiency in the control of parasite load in the bloodstream and a decreased survival compared to WT and Bim+/- mice. At the peak of parasitemia, peritoneal macrophages of Bim-/- mice exhibit decreased NO production, which correlated with a decrease in the pro-inflammatory Small Peritoneal Macrophage (SPM) subset. A similar reduction in NO secretion, as well as in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6, was also observed in Bim-/- splenocytes. Moreover, an impaired anti-T. cruzi CD8+ T-cell response was found in Bim-/- mice at this time point. Taken together, our results suggest that these alterations may contribute to the establishment of a delayed yet enlarged parasitic load observed at day 9 after infection of Bim-/- mice and place Bim as an important protein in the control of T. cruzi infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Hernández-Torres
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Monica Cardozo Rebouças
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Cassado
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kely Catarine Matteucci
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular - CTCMol - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Ronnie C Vasconcelos
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular - CTCMol - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina R Bortoluci
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular - CTCMol - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Maria Alvarez
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oliverio S, Beltran JSO, Occhigrossi L, Bordoni V, Agrati C, D'Eletto M, Rossin F, Borelli P, Amarante-Mendes GP, Demidov O, Barlev NA, Piacentini M. Transglutaminase Type 2 is Involved in the Hematopoietic Stem Cells Homeostasis. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2021; 85:1159-1168. [PMID: 33202201 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 transglutaminase (TG2) is a multifunctional protein involved in various biological processes playing a key regulatory role in cell homeostasis such as cell death and autophagy. New evidence is emerging that support an important role of autophagy in regulating normal hematopoiesis. Prompted by these findings, in this study we investigated in vivo involvement of TG2 in mouse hematopoiesis under normal or nutrient deprivation conditions. We found that the number and rate of differentiation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell was decreased in the TG2 knockout mice. We present evidence showing that these effects on hematopoietic system are very likely due to the TG2-dependent impairment of autophagy. In fact, stimulation of autophagy by starvation is able to rescue the block of the differentiation of stem cells progenitors in the TG2 KO mice. It was also shown that the RhoA/ERK½ pathway, known to be essential for regulation of the bone marrow progenitor cells homeostasis, was significantly impaired in the absence of TG2. Hence, this study expanded our knowledge about TG2 discovering a role of this enzyme in regulation of hematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Oliverio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - J S O Beltran
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Occhigrossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - V Bordoni
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases I. R. C. C. S. "Lazzaro Spallanzani" Rome, 00149, Italy
| | - C Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases I. R. C. C. S. "Lazzaro Spallanzani" Rome, 00149, Italy
| | - M D'Eletto
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - F Rossin
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - P Borelli
- Clinical and Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G P Amarante-Mendes
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - O Demidov
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St.-Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - N A Barlev
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St.-Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - M Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy. .,National Institute for Infectious Diseases I. R. C. C. S. "Lazzaro Spallanzani" Rome, 00149, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St.-Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Loo Yau H, Bell E, Ettayebi I, de Almeida FC, Boukhaled GM, Shen SY, Allard D, Morancho B, Marhon SA, Ishak CA, Gonzaga IM, da Silva Medina T, Singhania R, Chakravarthy A, Chen R, Mehdipour P, Pommey S, Klein C, Amarante-Mendes GP, Roulois D, Arribas J, Stagg J, Brooks DG, De Carvalho DD. DNA hypomethylating agents increase activation and cytolytic activity of CD8 + T cells. Mol Cell 2021; 81:1469-1483.e8. [PMID: 33609448 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that DNA hypomethylating agent (HMA) treatment can directly modulate the anti-tumor response and effector function of CD8+ T cells. In vivo HMA treatment promotes CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration and suppresses tumor growth via CD8+ T cell-dependent activity. Ex vivo, HMAs enhance primary human CD8+ T cell activation markers, effector cytokine production, and anti-tumor cytolytic activity. Epigenomic and transcriptomic profiling shows that HMAs vastly regulate T cell activation-related transcriptional networks, culminating with over-activation of NFATc1 short isoforms. Mechanistically, demethylation of an intragenic CpG island immediately downstream to the 3' UTR of the short isoform was associated with antisense transcription and alternative polyadenylation of NFATc1 short isoforms. High-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry analyses reveal a selective effect of HMAs on a subset of human CD8+ T cell subpopulations, increasing both the number and abundance of a granzyme Bhigh, perforinhigh effector subpopulation. Overall, our findings support the use of HMAs as a therapeutic strategy to boost anti-tumor immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Loo Yau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Emma Bell
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Ilias Ettayebi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Felipe Campos de Almeida
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Giselle M Boukhaled
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - David Allard
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Beatriz Morancho
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sajid A Marhon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Charles A Ishak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Isabela M Gonzaga
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Tiago da Silva Medina
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Translational Immuno-oncology Laboratory, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, Brazil
| | - Rajat Singhania
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Raymond Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Parinaz Mehdipour
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Sandra Pommey
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Wagistrasse 10, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - David Roulois
- UMR U1236, INSERM, Université de Rennes 1, EFS, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - David G Brooks
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rana A, de Almeida FC, Paico Montero HA, Gonzales Carazas MM, Bortoluci KR, Sad S, Amarante-Mendes GP. RIPK3 and Caspase-1/11 Are Necessary for Optimal Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cell Response Elicited by Genetically Modified Listeria monocytogenes. Front Immunol 2020; 11:536. [PMID: 32328060 PMCID: PMC7160319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient induction of effector and long-term protective antigen-specific CD8+ T memory response by vaccination is essential to eliminate malignant and pathogen-infected cells. Intracellular infectious bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes, have been considered potent vectors to carry multiple therapeutic proteins and generate antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Although the role of molecules involved in inflammatory cell death pathways, such as necroptosis (RIPK3-mediated) and pyroptosis (Caspase-1/11-mediated), as effectors of immune response against intracellular bacteria are relatively well understood, their contribution to the adjuvant effect of recombinant bacterial vectors in the context of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response remained obscure. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of RIPK3 and Caspase-1/11 (Casp-1/11) individual and combined deficiencies on the modulation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response during vaccination of mice with ovalbumin-expressing L. monocytogenes (LM-OVA). We observed that Casp-1/11 but not RIPK3 deficiency negatively impacts the capacity of mice to clear LM-OVA. Importantly, both RIPK3 and Casp-1/11 are necessary for optimal LM-OVA-mediated antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response, as measured by in vivo antigen-specific CD8+ T cell proliferation, target cell elimination, and cytokine production. Furthermore, Casp-1/11 and Casp-1/11/RIPK3 combined deficiencies restrict the early initiation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell memory response. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that RIPK3 and Casp-1/11 influence the quality of CD8+ T cell responses induced by recombinant L. monocytogenes vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Rana
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Campos de Almeida
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karina R Bortoluci
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Subash Sad
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jannuzzi GP, de Almeida JRF, Amarante-Mendes GP, Romera LMD, Kaihami GH, Vasconcelos JR, Ferreira CP, de Almeida SR, Ferreira KS. TLR3 Is a Negative Regulator of Immune Responses Against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 8:426. [PMID: 30687643 PMCID: PMC6335947 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise the best-characterized pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) family able to activate distinct immune responses depending on the receptor/adaptor set assembled. TLRs, such as TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9, and their signaling were shown to be important in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infections. However, the role of the endosomal TLR3 in experimental paracoccidioidomycosys remains obscure. In vitro assays, macrophages of the bone marrow of WT or TLR3−/− mice were differentiated for evaluation of their microbicidal activity. In vivo assays, WT or TLR3−/− mice were infected intratracheally with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeasts for investigation of the lung response type induced. The cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T cells was assessed by cytotoxicity assay. To confirm the importance of CD8+ T cells in the control of infection in the absence of tlr3, a depletion assay of these cells was performed. Here, we show for the first time that TLR3 modulate the infection against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by dampening pro-inflammatory response, NO production, IFN+CD8+T, and IL-17+CD8+T cell activation and cytotoxic function, associated with granzyme B and perforin down regulation. As conclusion, we suggest that TLR3 could be used as an escape mechanism of the fungus in an experimental paracoccidioidomycosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Pereira Jannuzzi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Maria Dal'Mas Romera
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Hideo Kaihami
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Pontes Ferreira
- Centro de Terapia Molecular e Celular do Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro Rogério de Almeida
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen Spadari Ferreira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Imunologia, do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Biociências da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro de Terapia Molecular e Celular do Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Amarante-Mendes GP, Adjemian S, Branco LM, Zanetti LC, Weinlich R, Bortoluci KR. Pattern Recognition Receptors and the Host Cell Death Molecular Machinery. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2379. [PMID: 30459758 PMCID: PMC6232773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) are proteins capable of recognizing molecules frequently found in pathogens (the so-called Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns—PAMPs), or molecules released by damaged cells (the Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns—DAMPs). They emerged phylogenetically prior to the appearance of the adaptive immunity and, therefore, are considered part of the innate immune system. Signals derived from the engagement of PRRs on the immune cells activate microbicidal and pro-inflammatory responses required to eliminate or, at least, to contain infectious agents. Molecularly controlled forms of cell death are also part of a very ancestral mechanism involved in key aspects of the physiology of multicellular organism, including the elimination of unwanted, damaged or infected cells. Interestingly, each form of cell death has its particular effect on inflammation and on the development of innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review article, we discuss some aspects of the molecular interplay between the cell death machinery and signals initiated by the activation of PRRs by PAMPs and DAMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandy Adjemian
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Migliari Branco
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil.,Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa C Zanetti
- Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Weinlich
- Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina R Bortoluci
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil.,Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Buzzo CDL, Medina T, Branco LM, Lage SL, Ferreira LCDS, Amarante-Mendes GP, Hottiger MO, De Carvalho DD, Bortoluci KR. Epigenetic regulation of nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible (Nos2) by NLRC4 inflammasomes involves PARP1 cleavage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41686. [PMID: 28150715 PMCID: PMC5288713 DOI: 10.1038/srep41686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible (Nos2) expression is necessary for the microbicidal activity of macrophages. However, NOS2 over-activation causes multiple inflammatory disorders, suggesting a tight gene regulation is necessary. Using cytosolic flagellin as a model for inflammasome-dependent NOS2 activation, we discovered a surprising new role for NLRC4/caspase-1 axis in regulating chromatin accessibility of the Nos2 promoter. We found that activation of two independent mechanisms is necessary for NOS2 expression by cytosolic flagellin: caspase-1 and NF-κB activation. NF-κB activation was necessary, but not sufficient, for NOS2 expression. Conversely, caspase-1 was necessary for NOS2 expression, but dispensable for NF-κB activation, indicating that this protease acts downstream NF-κB activation. We demonstrated that epigenetic regulation of Nos2 by caspase-1 involves cleavage of the chromatin regulator PARP1 (also known as ARTD1) and chromatin accessibility of the NF-κB binding sites located at the Nos2 promoter. Remarkably, caspase-1-mediated Nos2 transcription and NO production contribute to the resistance of macrophages to Salmonella typhimurium infection. Our results uncover the molecular mechanism behind the constricted regulation of Nos2 expression and open new therapeutic opportunities based on epigenetic activities of caspase-1 against infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina de Lima Buzzo
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Medina
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Laura M Branco
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo and Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), Brazil
| | - Silvia L Lage
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo and Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo and Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), Brazil
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Karina R Bortoluci
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
DeOcesano-Pereira C, Amaral MS, Parreira KS, Ayupe AC, Jacysyn JF, Amarante-Mendes GP, Reis EM, Verjovski-Almeida S. Retraction: Long non-coding RNA INXS is a critical mediator of BCL-XS induced apoptosis. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9518. [PMID: 27507889 PMCID: PMC5100591 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos DeOcesano-Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Murilo S Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Kleber S Parreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana C Ayupe
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Jacqueline F Jacysyn
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Eduardo M Reis
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Oncogenômica, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Sergio Verjovski-Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Oncogenômica, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
TRAIL/Apo-2L is a member of the TNF superfamily first described as an apoptosis-inducing cytokine in 1995. Similar to TNF and Fas ligand, TRAIL induces apoptosis in caspase-dependent manner following TRAIL death receptor trimerization. Because tumor cells were shown to be particularly sensitive to this cytokine while normal cells/tissues proved to be resistant along with being able to synthesize and release TRAIL, it was rapidly appreciated that TRAIL likely served as one of our major physiologic weapons against cancer. In line with this, a number of research laboratories and pharmaceutical companies have attempted to exploit the ability of TRAIL to kill cancer cells by developing recombinant forms of TRAIL or TRAIL receptor agonists (e.g., receptor-specific mAb) for therapeutic purposes. In this review article we will describe the biochemical pathways used by TRAIL to induce different cell death programs. We will also summarize the clinical trials related to this pathway and discuss possible novel uses of TRAIL-related therapies. In recent years, the physiological importance of TRAIL has expanded beyond being a tumoricidal molecule to one critical for a number of clinical settings - ranging from infectious disease and autoimmunity to cardiovascular anomalies. We will also highlight some of these conditions where modulation of the TRAIL/TRAIL receptor system may be targeted in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Brazil.
| | - Thomas S Griffith
- Department of Urology, Masonic Cancer Center, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Amarante-Mendes GP, Adjemian S, Mello BP, Hottz ED, Marques PE. Paradise revealed II: Top science, sunny beach, tropical fruits and caipirinhas…. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:1231-3. [PMID: 25633193 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G P Amarante-Mendes
- 1] Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil [2] Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia,São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Adjemian
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B P Mello
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E D Hottz
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P E Marques
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Correia RP, Silva FAM, Bacal NS, Campregher PV, Hamerschlak N, Amarante-Mendes GP. [Not Available]. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2014; 36:60-4. [PMID: 24624038 PMCID: PMC3948668 DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20140015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of T-cells in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia has recently gained much attention due to the importance of the constant interaction between neoplastic B-cells with microenvironment substratum and T-cells. It is believed that these interactions modulate the clinical course of the disease, mainly through the regulation of the expansion, differentiation, and survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cells. Importantly, this crosstalk may also change the number, function, and memory phenotype of normal T-cells, thereby altering the amplitude and/or efficiency of adaptive immunity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. The present study presents an overview on important aspects of this immunological crosstalk, particularly on the abnormalities of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cells and the alterations in normal T-cells, with focus on the CD4 memory T-cell compartment that could offer survival signals to chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell clone(s) and contribute to the establishment and progression of the disease. The authors believe that understanding the biological consequences of the interaction between normal T- and neoplastic B-cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia may allow for improvements in the prognostic information and therapeutic approaches for this disease. © 2014 Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Patussi Correia
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Nydia Strachman Bacal
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro de Hematologia de São Paulo (CHSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
DeOcesano-Pereira C, Amaral MS, Parreira KS, Ayupe AC, Jacysyn JF, Amarante-Mendes GP, Reis EM, Verjovski-Almeida S. Long non-coding RNA INXS is a critical mediator of BCL-XS induced apoptosis. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:8343-55. [PMID: 24992962 PMCID: PMC4117780 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BCL-X mRNA alternative splicing generates pro-apoptotic BCL-XS or anti-apoptotic BCL-XL gene products and the mechanism that regulates splice shifting is incompletely understood. We identified and characterized a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) named INXS, transcribed from the opposite genomic strand of BCL-X, that was 5- to 9-fold less abundant in tumor cell lines from kidney, liver, breast and prostate and in kidney tumor tissues compared with non-tumors. INXS is an unspliced 1903 nt-long RNA, is transcribed by RNA polymerase II, 5′-capped, nuclear enriched and binds Sam68 splicing-modulator. Three apoptosis-inducing agents increased INXS lncRNA endogenous expression in the 786-O kidney tumor cell line, increased BCL-XS/BCL-XL mRNA ratio and activated caspases 3, 7 and 9. These effects were abrogated in the presence of INXS knockdown. Similarly, ectopic INXS overexpression caused a shift in splicing toward BCL-XS and activation of caspases, thus leading to apoptosis. BCL-XS protein accumulation was detected upon INXS overexpression. In a mouse xenograft model, intra-tumor injections of an INXS-expressing plasmid caused a marked reduction in tumor weight, and an increase in BCL-XS isoform, as determined in the excised tumors. We revealed an endogenous lncRNA that induces apoptosis, suggesting that INXS is a possible target to be explored in cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos DeOcesano-Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Murilo S Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Kleber S Parreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana C Ayupe
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Jacqueline F Jacysyn
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Eduardo M Reis
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Oncogenômica, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Sergio Verjovski-Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Oncogenômica, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bizzarro B, Barros MS, Maciel C, Gueroni DI, Lino CN, Campopiano J, Kotsyfakis M, Amarante-Mendes GP, Calvo E, Capurro ML, Sá-Nunes A. Effects of Aedes aegypti salivary components on dendritic cell and lymphocyte biology. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:329. [PMID: 24238038 PMCID: PMC3843549 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Saliva is a key element of interaction between hematophagous mosquitoes and their vertebrate hosts. In addition to allowing a successful blood meal by neutralizing or delaying hemostatic responses, the salivary cocktail is also able to modulate the effector mechanisms of host immune responses facilitating, in turn, the transmission of several types of microorganisms. Understanding how the mosquito uses its salivary components to circumvent host immunity might help to clarify the mechanisms of transmission of such pathogens and disease establishment. Methods Flow cytometry was used to evaluate if increasing concentrations of A. aegypti salivary gland extract (SGE) affects bone marrow-derived DC differentiation and maturation. Lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of SGE was estimated by a colorimetric assay. Western blot and Annexin V staining assays were used to assess apoptosis in these cells. Naïve and memory cells from mosquito-bite exposed mice or OVA-immunized mice and their respective controls were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Concentration-response curves were employed to evaluate A. aegypti SGE effects on DC and lymphocyte biology. DCs differentiation from bone marrow precursors, their maturation and function were not directly affected by A. aegypti SGE (concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 40 μg/mL). On the other hand, lymphocytes were very sensitive to the salivary components and died in the presence of A. aegypti SGE, even at concentrations as low as 0.1 μg/mL. In addition, A. aegypti SGE was shown to induce apoptosis in all lymphocyte populations evaluated (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and B cells) through a mechanism involving caspase-3 and caspase-8, but not Bim. By using different approaches to generate memory cells, we were able to verify that these cells are resistant to SGE effects. Conclusion Our results show that lymphocytes, and not DCs, are the primary target of A. aegypti salivary components. In the presence of A. aegypti SGE, naïve lymphocyte populations die by apoptosis in a caspase-3- and caspase-8-dependent pathway, while memory cells are selectively more resistant to its effects. The present work contributes to elucidate the activities of A. aegypti salivary molecules on the antigen presenting cell-lymphocyte axis and in the biology of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anderson Sá-Nunes
- Laboratório de Imunologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
De Carvalho DD, Mello BP, Pereira WO, Amarante-Mendes GP. PRAME/EZH2-mediated regulation of TRAIL: a new target for cancer therapy. Curr Mol Med 2013; 13:296-304. [PMID: 23228130 DOI: 10.2174/156652413804810727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) exerts a cancer cell-specific pro-apoptotic activity. This property made the TRAIL associated pathway one of the most promising strategies aimed at inducing tumor-selective death. In fact, several approaches have been considered to explore this pathway for cancer therapy, such as recombinant TRAIL, agonist antibodies for TRAIL receptors, and adenoviral TRAIL. However, all of these approaches have certain disadvantages that limit their clinical use. Our recent discovery that the complex PRAME/EZH2 is able to repress TRAIL expression, in a cancer-specific manner, suggests an alternative approach for combined cancer therapy. A genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TRAIL repressors in cancer cells could restore endogenous TRAIL expression, thereby overcoming some of the limitations of and/or cooperating with previous approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D D De Carvalho
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mello BP, de Carvalho DD, Campos AHJFM, Soares FA, Amarante-Mendes GP. Regulation of TRAIL expression by PRAME and EZH2 as potential therapeutic target against solid tumors. BMC Proc 2013. [PMCID: PMC3624152 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-7-s2-p10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
18
|
Lage SL, Amarante-Mendes GP, Bortoluci KR. Evaluation of pyroptosis in macrophages using cytosolic delivery of purified flagellin. Methods 2013; 61:110-6. [PMID: 23454287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a molecularly controlled form of cell death that exhibits some features of apoptosis as well of necrosis. Pyroptosis is induced by inflammasome-activated caspase-1 or caspase-11 (caspase-4 in humans), as a result of distinct pathogenic or damage stimuli. Although pyroptosis displays some morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis, it has an inflammatory outcome due to the loss of plasma membrane integrity and the consequent release of intracellular contents, reminiscent to necrosis. Here, we use cytosolic delivery of purified flagellin as an experimental tool to trigger pyroptosis and describe potential methods to study this form of cell death. Finally, we discuss the advantages and limitations of these methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia L Lage
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vasconcelos JR, Bruña–Romero O, Araújo AF, Dominguez MR, Ersching J, de Alencar BCG, Machado AV, Gazzinelli RT, Bortoluci KR, Amarante-Mendes GP, Lopes MF, Rodrigues MM. Pathogen-induced proapoptotic phenotype and high CD95 (Fas) expression accompany a suboptimal CD8+ T-cell response: reversal by adenoviral vaccine. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1002699. [PMID: 22615561 PMCID: PMC3355083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
MHC class Ia-restricted CD8+ T cells are important mediators of the adaptive immune response against infections caused by intracellular microorganisms. Whereas antigen-specific effector CD8+ T cells can clear infection caused by intracellular pathogens, in some circumstances, the immune response is suboptimal and the microorganisms survive, causing host death or chronic infection. Here, we explored the cellular and molecular mechanisms that could explain why CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity during infection with the human protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is not optimal. For that purpose, we compared the CD8+ T-cell mediated immune responses in mice infected with T. cruzi or vaccinated with a recombinant adenovirus expressing an immunodominant parasite antigen. Several functional and phenotypic characteristics of specific CD8+ T cells overlapped. Among few exceptions was an accelerated expansion of the immune response in adenoviral vaccinated mice when compared to infected ones. Also, there was an upregulated expression of the apoptotic-signaling receptor CD95 on the surface of specific T cells from infected mice, which was not observed in the case of adenoviral-vaccinated mice. Most importantly, adenoviral vaccine provided at the time of infection significantly reduced the upregulation of CD95 expression and the proapoptotic phenotype of pathogen-specific CD8+ cells expanded during infection. In parallel, infected adenovirus-vaccinated mice had a stronger CD8 T-cell mediated immune response and survived an otherwise lethal infection. We concluded that a suboptimal CD8+ T-cell response is associated with an upregulation of CD95 expression and a proapoptotic phenotype. Both can be blocked by adenoviral vaccination. Killer lymphocytes are important mediators of the immunological resistance against infections caused by virus, bacteria and parasites. In some circumstances, however, these lymphocytes are unable to properly eliminate the microorganisms which survive, causing death or establishing chronic infections. The purpose of our study was to understand why these killer cells do not succeed during infection with a human protozoan parasite. For that purpose, we compared the immune responses in animals infected or vaccinated. Many characteristics of these killer cells were similar. Among few exceptions was an accelerated immune response in vaccinated animals when compared to infected ones. Also, we observed on the surface of the killer lymphocytes from infected, but not from vaccinated animals, an increased expression of a protein involved in signaling cell death. Most importantly, vaccine significantly reduced the higher expression of this cell-death receptor. In parallel, these animals had a stronger immune response and cured infection. We concluded that a deficient killer cell response observed during infection was associated with an upregulation of this cell-death receptor and it was changed by vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Ronnie Vasconcelos
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTCMol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Oscar Bruña–Romero
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriano F. Araújo
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTCMol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana R. Dominguez
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTCMol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonatan Ersching
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTCMol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna C. G. de Alencar
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTCMol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo T. Gazzinelli
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Karina R. Bortoluci
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTCMol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo P. Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela F. Lopes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauricio M. Rodrigues
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTCMol), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mattos GE, Jacysyn JF, Amarante-Mendes GP, Lotfi CFP. Comparative effect of FGF2, synthetic peptides 1-28 N-POMC and ACTH on proliferation in rat adrenal cell primary cultures. Cell Tissue Res 2011; 345:343-56. [PMID: 21866314 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides other than adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) have a role in adrenal cell proliferation. We compared the activity of synthetic rat N-terminal POMC fragment 1-28 with disulfide bridges (N-POMC(w)) and without disulfide bridges (N-POMC(w/o)), with the activity of fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), a widely studied adrenal growth factor, and ACTH, in well-characterized pure cultures of both isolated adrenal Glomerulosa (G) and Fasciculata/Reticularis (F/R) cells. Three days of FGF2-treatment had a proliferative effect similar to serum, and synthetic peptide N-POMC(w) induced proliferation more efficiently than N-POMC(w/o). Moreover, both induced proliferation via the ERK1/2 pathway. In contrast, sustained ACTH treatment decreased proliferation and viability through apoptosis induction, but not necrosis, and independently of PKA and PKC pathways. Further elucidation of 1-28 POMC signal transduction is of interest, and primary cultures of adrenal cells were found to be useful for examining the trophic activity of this peptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele E Mattos
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
de Séllos J, Caetano MS, Carvalho E, Amarante-Mendes GP, Ferreira CG, Sternberg C. Abstract 195: Cell death pathway activation during monocytic / macrophagic differentiation of hematopoietic tumor cell lines. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Apoptosis is a phenomenon of cellular degeneration highly conserved evolutionarily, being observed not only during development, but also associated with a number of diseases. Apoptosis is regulated by a complex set of proteins and accomplished by biochemical mechanisms that act to initiate and complete the destruction of the cell. Recently, typical biochemical and morphological changes associated to cell death were correlated with other vital cellular events, such as proliferation and differentiation. Despite the general tendency to treat apoptosis and cell differentiation as the result of different signaling pathways, several studies have shown that there is a high degree of morphological similarity between these events. The molecules involved in the regulation of apoptosis-like processes of differentiation have not been fully described. Since the main endogenous inhibitor of caspase-3 is the protein XIAP, which in turn is regulated by XAF1, we analyzed the expression of these proteins in the context of differentiation of different cell lines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activation pathways of cell death in the process of monocytic/macrophage differentiation.
We have observed that the expression of XAF1 protein decreases during monocytic/macrophage differentiation of HL60 cell line induced by PMA, but levels of its mRNA do not change. Interestingly, we have found that HL60 cell lines overexpressing either Bcl-XL or Bcl-2 cell lines have decreased expression of XAF1 due to methylation of its promoter. Also, besides rendering cells resistant to apoptosis as expected, HL60 cells overexpressing either Bcl-XL or Bcl-2 were more prone to differentiate by PMA treatment than parental cells. The correlation between high levels of mRNA expression of Bcl-2 with low expression of XAF1 mRNA was also observed in the analysis of samples from patients with follicular lymphoma retrieved from Oncomine database (www.oncomine.com). These results demonstrate the differential activation of pathways of cell death in monocytic / macrophagic differentiation, suggesting that a descrease in XAF1 expression is a necessary event during this process. Furthemore, our results reveal a transcriptional regulatory loop exerted by Bcl-2 family of proteins that had not yet been described.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 195. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-195
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erika Carvalho
- 1Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rudnicki M, Faine LA, Dehne N, Namgaladze D, Ferderbar S, Weinlich R, Amarante-Mendes GP, Yan CYI, Krieger JE, Brüne B, Abdalla DSP. Hypoxia inducible factor-dependent regulation of angiogenesis by nitro-fatty acids. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:1360-7. [PMID: 21454809 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.224626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitro-fatty acids (NO(2)-FAs) are emerging as a new class of cell signaling mediators. Because NO(2)-FAs are found in the vascular compartment and their impact on vascularization remains unknown, we aimed to investigate the role of NO(2)-FAs in angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of nitrolinoleic acid and nitrooleic acid were evaluated on migration of endothelial cell (EC) in vitro, EC sprouting ex vivo, and angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane assay in vivo. At 10 μmol/L, both NO(2)-FAs induced EC migration and the formation of sprouts and promoted angiogenesis in vivo in an NO-dependent manner. In addition, NO(2)-FAs increased intracellular NO concentration, upregulated protein expression of the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transcription factor by an NO-mediated mechanism, and induced expression of HIF-1α target genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, glucose transporter-1, and adrenomedullin. Compared with typical NO donors such as spermine-NONOate and deta-NONOate, NO(2)-FAs were slightly less potent inducers of EC migration and HIF-1α expression. Short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of HIF-1α attenuated the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression and EC migration stimulated by NO(2)-FAs. CONCLUSION Our data disclose a novel physiological role for NO(2)-FAs, indicating that these compounds induce angiogenesis in an NO-dependent mechanism via activation of HIF-1α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rudnicki
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
De Carvalho DD, Binato R, Pereira WO, Leroy JMG, Colassanti MD, Proto-Siqueira R, Bueno-Da-Silva AEB, Zago MA, Zanichelli MA, Abdelhay E, Castro FA, Jacysyn JF, Amarante-Mendes GP. BCR-ABL-mediated upregulation of PRAME is responsible for knocking down TRAIL in CML patients. Oncogene 2010; 30:223-33. [PMID: 20838376 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-TNFSF10 (TRAIL), a member of the TNF-α family and a death receptor ligand, was shown to selectively kill tumor cells. Not surprisingly, TRAIL is downregulated in a variety of tumor cells, including BCR-ABL-positive leukemia. Although we know much about the molecular basis of TRAIL-mediated cell killing, the mechanism responsible for TRAIL inhibition in tumors remains elusive because (a) TRAIL can be regulated by retinoic acid (RA); (b) the tumor antigen preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) was shown to inhibit transcription of RA receptor target genes through the polycomb protein, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2); and (c) we have found that TRAIL is inversely correlated with BCR-ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Thus, we decided to investigate the association of PRAME, EZH2 and TRAIL in BCR-ABL-positive leukemia. Here, we demonstrate that PRAME, but not EZH2, is upregulated in BCR-ABL cells and is associated with the progression of disease in CML patients. There is a positive correlation between PRAME and BCR-ABL and an inverse correlation between PRAME and TRAIL in these patients. Importantly, knocking down PRAME or EZH2 by RNA interference in a BCR-ABL-positive cell line restores TRAIL expression. Moreover, there is an enrichment of EZH2 binding on the promoter region of TRAIL in a CML cell line. This binding is lost after PRAME knockdown. Finally, knocking down PRAME or EZH2, and consequently induction of TRAIL expression, enhances Imatinib sensibility. Taken together, our data reveal a novel regulatory mechanism responsible for lowering TRAIL expression and provide the basis of alternative targets for combined therapeutic strategies for CML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D D De Carvalho
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Buzzo CL, Campopiano JC, Massis LM, Lage SL, Cassado AA, Leme-Souza R, Cunha LD, Russo M, Zamboni DS, Amarante-Mendes GP, Bortoluci KR. A novel pathway for inducible nitric-oxide synthase activation through inflammasomes. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:32087-95. [PMID: 20702413 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.124297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune recognition of flagellin is shared by transmembrane TLR5 and cytosolic Nlrc4 (NOD-like receptor family CARD (caspase activation recruitment domain) domain containing 4)/Naip5 (neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein 5). TLR5 activates inflammatory genes through MYD88 pathway, whereas Nlrc4 and Naip5 assemble multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes, culminating in caspase-1 activation, IL-1β/IL-18 secretion, and pyroptosis. Although both TLR5 and Naip5/Nlrc4 pathways cooperate to clear infections, little is known about the relative anti-pathogen effector mechanisms operating through each of them. Here we show that the cytosolic flagellin (FLA-BSDot) was able to activate iNOS, an enzyme previously associated with TLR5 pathway. Using Nlrc4- or Naip5-deficient macrophages, we found that both receptors are involved in iNOS activation by FLA-BSDot. Moreover, distinct from extracellular flagellin (FLA-BS), iNOS activation by intracellular flagellin is completely abrogated in the absence of caspase-1. Interestingly, IL-1β and IL-18 do not seem to be important for FLA-BSDot-mediated iNOS production. Together, our data defined an additional anti-pathogen effector mechanism operated through Naip5 and Nlrc4 inflammasomes and illustrated a novel signaling transduction pathway that activates iNOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina L Buzzo
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Weinlich R, Brunner T, Amarante-Mendes GP. Control of death receptor ligand activity by posttranslational modifications. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:1631-42. [PMID: 20306114 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The death receptor ligands are involved in many physiological and pathological processes involving triggering of apoptosis, inflammation, proliferation, and activation. The expression of these molecules is reported to be tightly regulated at the transcriptional level. However, over the last few years, an increasing number of data demonstrated that the control of transcription is only one of the mechanisms that manage the expression of the death receptor ligands. Thus, this review is focused on posttranslational regulation of the three main members of this family, namely FasL, TNF-alpha, and TRAIL. We discuss here the importance of distribution, storage, and degranulation of these molecules, as well as their shedding by proteases on the control of death receptor ligands expression and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Weinlich
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Amarante-Mendes GP. Cell death and the well of the organism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:1565-6. [PMID: 20224989 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Weinlich R, Sant'Anna MM, Ferra LC, Campopiano JC, Bortoluci KR, Amarante-Mendes GP. Direct and indirect effects of TLR agonists on FasL, TNF-alpha and TRAIL expression in CD4 T cells (33.7). The Journal of Immunology 2009. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.33.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The lifespan of CD4 T lymphocytes is partially controlled by the engagement of the so-called Death Receptors (DR) on their surface. De-regulation of DR ligands, such as FasL, TNF-alpha and TRAIL, is associated with many pathological processes, including Immunodeficiency and Autoimmunity. We have recently shown that TcR/CD3-mediated FasL upregulation in CD4 T cells is prevented by PGE2 derived from LPS-stimulated antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Here we show that Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists other than LPS can interfere with the expression of FasL, TNF-alpha and TRAIL. Except TLR7, stimulation of TLRs in APCs resulted in induction of PGE2, thereby indirectly blocked the expression of DR ligands on T cells. On the other hand, direct stimulation of TLR7 on T cells lead to repression of CD3-mediated FasL expression and consequently reduced AICD. Interestingly, this effect was independent of NF-kB. Altogether, these results suggest that pathogen-associated molecular patterns can alter the expression of DR ligands, either by direct stimulation on CD4 T cells or by inducing the release of PGE2 by APCs.
Supported by FAPESP and CNPq.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Weinlich
- 1Department of Immunology, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana C Ferra
- 1Department of Immunology, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Rodrigues MF, Barsante MM, Alves CCS, Souza MA, Ferreira AP, Amarante-Mendes GP, Teixeira HC. Apoptosis of macrophages during pulmonary Mycobacterium bovis infection: correlation with intracellular bacillary load and cytokine levels. Immunology 2009; 128:e691-9. [PMID: 19740330 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis of macrophages infected with pathogenic mycobacteria is an alternative host defence capable of removing the environment supporting bacterial growth. In this work the influence of virulence and bacterial load on apoptosis of alveolar macrophages during the initial phase of infection by Mycobacterium bovis was investigated. BALB/c mice were infected intratracheally with high or low doses of the virulent (ATCC19274) or attenuated (bacillus Calmette-Guérin Moreau) strains of M. bovis. The frequency of macrophage apoptosis, the growth of mycobacteria in macrophages, and the in situ levels of the cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 and of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 were measured at day 3 and day 7 post-infection. An increase of macrophage apoptosis was observed after infection with both strains but the virulent strain induced less apoptosis than the attenuated strain. On the 3rd day after infection with the virulent strain macrophage apoptosis was reduced in the high-dose group, while on the 7th day post-infection macrophage apoptosis was reduced in the low-dose group. Inhibition of apoptosis was correlated with increased production of IL-10, reduced production of TNF-alpha and increased production of Bcl-2. In addition, the production of IL-12 was reduced at points where the lowest levels of macrophage apoptosis were observed. Our results indicate that virulent mycobacteria are able to modulate macrophage apoptosis to an extent dependent on the intracellular bacterial burden, which benefits its intracellular growth and dissemination to adjacent cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele F Rodrigues
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Weinlich R, Bortoluci KR, Chehab CF, Serezani CH, Ulbrich AG, Peters-Golden M, Russo M, Amarante-Mendes GP. TLR4/MYD88-dependent, LPS-induced synthesis of PGE2 by macrophages or dendritic cells prevents anti-CD3-mediated CD95L upregulation in T cells. Cell Death Differ 2008; 15:1901-9. [PMID: 18820644 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2008.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) control T-cell responses by multiple mechanisms, including the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and the production of cytokines and other mediators that control T-cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that soluble factor(s) produced by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-activated APCs suppress activation-induced cell death (AICD). This effect was observed in non-stimulated APCs, but it was significantly increased after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Using different KO mice, we found that the LPS-induced protective factor is dependent on TLR4/MyD88. We identified the protective factor as prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and showed that both APC-derived supernatants and PGE(2) prevented CD95L upregulation in T cells in response to TCR/CD3 stimulation, thereby avoiding both AICD and activated T cell killing of target macrophages. The PGE(2) receptors, EP2 and EP4, appear to be involved since pharmacological stimulation of these receptors mimics the protective effect on T cells and their respective antagonists interfere with the protection induced by either APCs derived or synthetic PGE(2). Finally, the engagement of EP2 and EP4 synergistically activates protein kinase A (PKA) and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP pathways to prevent AICD. Taken together, these results indicate that APCs can regulate T-cell levels of CD95L by releasing PGE(2) in response to LPS through a TLR4/MyD88-dependent pathway, with consequences for both T cell and their own survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Weinlich
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Carvalho H, Ortolan TG, dePaula T, Leite RA, Weinlich R, Amarante-Mendes GP, Menck CFM. Sustained activation of p53 in confluent nucleotide excision repair-deficient cells resistant to ultraviolet-induced apoptosis. DNA Repair (Amst) 2008; 7:922-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Revised: 03/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
31
|
da Costa RMA, Quayle C, de Fátima Jacysyn J, Amarante-Mendes GP, Sarasin A, Menck CFM. Resistance to ultraviolet-induced apoptosis in DNA repair deficient growth arrested human fibroblasts is not related to recovery from RNA transcription blockage. Mutat Res 2008; 640:1-7. [PMID: 18207202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The impact of ultraviolet (UV-C) photoproducts on apoptosis induction was investigated in growth arrested (confluent) and proliferating human primary fibroblasts. Confluent fibroblasts were more resistant to UV-C-induced apoptosis than proliferating cells, and this was observed for normal human cells and for cells from patients with Cockayne and trichothiodystrophy syndromes, deficient in transcription coupled repair. This resistance was sustained for at least seven days and was not due to DNA repair efficiency, as the removal of CPDs in the genome was similar under both growth conditions. There was no correlation between reduced apoptosis and RNA synthesis recovery. Following UV-C treatment, proliferating and confluent fibroblasts showed a similar level of RNA synthesis inhibition and recovery from transcription blockage. These results support the hypothesis that the decrease of DNA replication, in growth arrested cells, protects cell from UV-C-induced apoptosis, even in the presence of DNA lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata M A da Costa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Baldo C, Tanjoni I, León IR, Batista IFC, Della-Casa MS, Clissa PB, Weinlich R, Lopes-Ferreira M, Lebrun I, Amarante-Mendes GP, Rodrigues VM, Perales J, Valente RH, Moura-da-Silva AM. BnP1, a novel P-I metalloproteinase from Bothrops neuwiedi venom: biological effects benchmarking relatively to jararhagin, a P-III SVMP. Toxicon 2008; 51:54-65. [PMID: 17889921 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Revised: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) have been extensively studied and their effects associated with the local bleeding observed in human accidents by viper snakes. Representatives of P-I and P-III classes of SVMPs similarly hydrolyze extracellular matrix proteins or coagulation factors while only P-III SVMPs induce significant hemorrhage in experimental models. In this work, the effects of P-I and P-III SVMPs on plasma proteins and cultures of muscle and endothelial cells were compared in order to enlighten the mechanisms involved in venom-induced hemorrhage. To reach this comparison, BnP1 was isolated from B. neuwiedi venom and used as a weakly hemorrhagic P-I SVMPs and jararhagin was used as a model of potently hemorrhagic P-III SVMP. BnP1 was isolated by size exclusion and anion-exchange chromatographies, showing apparent molecular mass of approximately 24kDa and sequence similarity with other members of SVMPs, which allowed its classification as a group P-I SVMP. The comparison of local effects induced by SVMPs showed that BnP1 was devoid of significant myotoxic and hemorrhagic activities and jararhagin presented only hemorrhagic activity. BnP1 and jararhagin were able to hydrolyze fibrinogen and fibrin, although the latter displayed higher activity in both systems. Using HUVEC primary cultures, we observed that BnP1 induced cell detachment and a decrease in the number of viable endothelial cells in levels comparable to those observed by treatment with jararhagin. Moreover, both BnP1 and jararhagin induced apoptosis in HUVECs while only a small increase in LDH supernatant levels was observed after treatment with jararhagin, suggesting that the major mechanism involved in endothelial cell death is apoptosis. Jararhagin and BnP1 induced little effects on C2C12 muscle cell cultures, characterized by a partial detachment 24h after treatment and a mild necrotic effect as evidenced by a small increase in the supernatants LDH levels. Taken together, our data show that P-I and P-III SVMPs presented comparable effects except for the hemorrhagic activity, suggesting that hydrolysis of coagulation factors or damage to endothelial cells are not sufficient for induction of local bleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Baldo
- Laboratórios de Imunopatologia, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500-05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
de Lima TM, Amarante-Mendes GP, Curi R. Docosahexaenoic acid enhances the toxic effect of imatinib on Bcr-Abl expressing HL-60 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:1678-85. [PMID: 17604596 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2006] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/11/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the killing efficacy of imatinib on HL-60 cells expressing the Bcr-Abl protein was investigated. Imatinib is an Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. The pre-treatment with DHA for 24 h raised the effect of imatinib at 100 microM concentration only. On the other hand, after 72 h pre-treatment, all concentrations of DHA tested (25, 50 and 100 microM) enhanced the toxic effect of imatinib. These results indicate that long-term pre-treatment with DHA makes Bcr-Abl HL-60 cells more susceptible to the toxic effect of imatinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thais Martins de Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential ({Delta}{Psi}m). Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/3/pdb.prot4465. [PMID: 22485864 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
35
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) Staining to Detect Apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 2006:2006/3/pdb.prot4493. [PMID: 22485874 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
36
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Detection of phosphatidylserine externalization during apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 2006:2006/3/pdb.prot4494. [PMID: 22485875 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
37
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Leukostat staining of cytospin preparations to detect apoptosis. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/3/pdb.prot4491. [PMID: 22485872 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
38
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Staining of suspension cells with hoechst 33258 to detect apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 2006:2006/3/pdb.prot4492. [PMID: 22485873 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
39
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Microscopic Analysis of Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential ({Delta}{Psi}m). Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/2/pdb.prot4462. [PMID: 22485823 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
40
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. TUNEL Staining of Tissue Sections to Detect Apoptosis. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/2/pdb.prot4496. [PMID: 22485836 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
41
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Propidium Iodide (PI) Uptake Assay to Detect Apoptosis. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/2/pdb.prot4495. [PMID: 22485835 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
42
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Analysis of TUNEL Staining by Flow Cytometry to Detect Apoptosis. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/2/pdb.prot4463. [PMID: 22485824 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
43
|
Lima-Bessa KM, Chiganças V, Stary A, Kannouche P, Sarasin A, Armelini MG, de Fátima Jacysyn J, Amarante-Mendes GP, Cordeiro-Stone M, Cleaver JE, Menck CFM. Adenovirus mediated transduction of the human DNA polymerase eta cDNA. DNA Repair (Amst) 2006; 5:925-34. [PMID: 16798111 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2006.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2006] [Revised: 05/08/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive photosensitive disorder with an extremely high incidence of skin cancers. Seven complementation groups, corresponding to seven proteins involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER), are associated with this syndrome. However, in XP variant patients, the disorder is caused by defects in DNA polymerase eta; this error prone polymerase, encoded by POLH, is involved in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) on DNA templates damaged by ultraviolet light (UV). We constructed a recombinant adenovirus carrying the human POLH cDNA linked to the EGFP reporter gene (AdXPV-EGFP) and infected skin fibroblasts from both XPV and XPA patients. Twenty-four hours after infection, the DNA polymerase eta-EGFP fusion protein was detected by Western blot analysis, demonstrating successful transduction by the adenoviral vector. Protein expression was accompanied by reduction in the high sensitivity of XPV cells to UV, as determined by cell survival and apoptosis-induction assays. Moreover, the pronounced UV-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis in XPV cells and their arrest in S phase were attenuated in AdXPV-EGFP infected cells, confirming that the transduced polymerase was functional. However, over-expression of polymerase eta mediated by AdXPV-EGFP infection did not result in enhancement of cell survival, prevention of apoptosis, or higher rate of nascent DNA strand growth in irradiated XPA cells. These results suggest that TLS by DNA polymerase eta is not a limiting factor for recovery from cellular responses induced by UV in excision-repair deficient fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keronninn Moreno Lima-Bessa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374 São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Biochemical analysis of cell death using colorimetric quantification of caspase activation. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/1/pdb.prot4435. [PMID: 22485769 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
45
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Analysis of DNA fragmentation using agarose gel electrophoresis. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/1/pdb.prot4429. [PMID: 22485764 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
46
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Analysis of DNA Fragmentation Using Propidium Iodide (PI) Staining After Ethanol Fixation. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/1/pdb.prot4431. [PMID: 22485766 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
47
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Analysis of DNA Fragmentation Using the JAM Assay. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/1/pdb.prot4432. [PMID: 22485767 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
48
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. TUNEL Staining of Adherent Cells to Detect Apoptosis. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/1/pdb.prot4433. [PMID: 22485768 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
49
|
Kasibhatla S, Amarante-Mendes GP, Finucane D, Brunner T, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR. Analysis of DNA Fragmentation Using Propidium Iodide (PI) Fluorescence of Individual Nuclei. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2006; 2006:2006/1/pdb.prot4430. [PMID: 22485765 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
50
|
McGahon AJ, Brown DG, Martin SJ, Amarante-Mendes GP, Cotter TG, Cohen GM, Green DR. Downregulation of Bcr-Abl in K562 cells restores susceptibility to apoptosis: characterization of the apoptotic death. Cell Death Differ 2006; 4:95-104. [PMID: 16465215 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/1999] [Revised: 08/06/1999] [Accepted: 08/28/1999] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the susceptibility of a variety of human leukemic cell lines to the induction of apoptosis. K562, a chronic myelogenous leukemic cell line which expresses the bcr-abl fusion gene, was found to be extremely resistant to apoptosis, irrespective of the inducing agent. This resistance can be attributed to the deregulated Abl kinase activity of bcr-abl, as downregulation of its expression using antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted to the beginning of the abl sequence in this chimeric gene rendered these cells susceptible to cytotoxic drug-induced apoptosis. Examination of the morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis in K562 cells revealed the typical membrane blebbing and chromatin condensation associated with this form of cell death. In situ TdT-mediated end labeling of the DNA revealed the presence of strand breaks in the treated cells and field inversion gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of large 10-50 kb fragments. However there was an absence of oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation, whether or not Bcr-Abl was expressed. Thus, while inhibition of expression of Bcr-Abl renders K562 cells susceptible to apoptosis, the absence of oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in these cells is independent of the function of this molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J McGahon
- Division of Cellular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 11149 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92014, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|