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Li L, Rathnayake K, Walter S, Fullick M, Shetty A, Hudson P, Lander H, Westbrook JI. Blood Culture Ordering After Sepsis Alerts and Subsequent Patient Outcomes: An Electronic Health Record-Based Study. Stud Health Technol Inform 2024; 310:314-318. [PMID: 38269816 DOI: 10.3233/shti230978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a global health priority associated with high mortality. Clinical decision support systems have been developed to support clinicians with sepsis management. Ordering blood cultures (BCs) for suspected sepsis patients are strongly recommended by clinical guidelines. However, limited evidence exists investigating BC ordering following sepsis alerts and subsequent patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate this issue using electronic health record data from an acute care hospital in Australia. Of 4,092 patients, only 16.6% had a BC ordered following a sepsis alert. The median time from the first sepsis alert to a BC order was 15.3 hours. Patients had 5.89 times higher odds of being diagnosed with sepsis if a BC was ordered following a sepsis alert than those without BC ordered (p<0.0001). Further investigation is needed to understand reasons behind the delay or failure to order a BC despite receiving electronic sepsis alerts and how decision support can be optimized to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Scott Walter
- Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary Fullick
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amith Shetty
- Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Hudson
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harvey Lander
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Li L, Rathnayake K, Green M, Shetty A, Fullick M, Walter S, Middleton-Rennie C, Meller M, Braithwaite J, Lander H, Westbrook JI. Comparison of the quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment and adult sepsis pathway in predicting adverse outcomes among adult patients in general wards: a retrospective observational cohort study. Intern Med J 2021; 51:254-263. [PMID: 31908090 PMCID: PMC7986613 DOI: 10.1111/imj.14746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) is recommended for use by the most recent international sepsis definition taskforce to identify suspected sepsis in patients outside the intensive care unit (ICU) at risk of adverse outcomes. Evidence of its comparative effectiveness with existing sepsis recognition tools is important to guide decisions about its widespread implementation. AIM To compare the performance of qSOFA with the adult sepsis pathway (ASP), a current sepsis recognition tool widely used in NSW hospitals and systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria in predicting adverse outcomes in adult patients on general wards. METHODS A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted which included all adults with suspected infections admitted to a Sydney teaching hospital between December 2014 and June 2016. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality with two secondary composite outcomes. RESULTS Among 2940 patients with suspected infection, 217 (7.38%) died in-hospital and 702 (23.88%) were subsequently admitted to ICU. The ASP showed the greatest ability to correctly discriminate in-hospital mortality and secondary outcomes. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for mortality was 0.76 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.78), compared to 0.64 for the qSOFA tool (95% CI: 0.61-0.67, P < 0.0001). Median time from the first ASP sepsis warning to death was 8.21 days (interquartile range (IQR): 2.29-16.75) while it was 0 days for qSOFA (IQR: 0-2.58). CONCLUSIONS The ASP demonstrated both greater prognostic accuracy and earlier warning for in-hospital mortality for adults on hospital wards compared to qSOFA. Hospitals already using ASP may not benefit from switching to the qSOFA tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kasun Rathnayake
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Green
- Systems Improvement, Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amith Shetty
- Patient Experience and System Performance Division, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary Fullick
- Systems Improvement, Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott Walter
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Michael Meller
- Clinical Analytics, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harvey Lander
- Systems Improvement, Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Johanna I Westbrook
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Bhonagiri D, Lander H, Green M, Straney L, Jones D, Pilcher D. Reduction of in-hospital cardiac arrest rates in intensive care-equipped New South Wales hospitals in association with implementation of Between the Flags rapid response system. Intern Med J 2021; 51:375-384. [PMID: 32133760 DOI: 10.1111/imj.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NSW Clinical Excellence commission introduced the 'Between the Flags' programme, in response to the death of a young patient, as a system-wide approach for early detection and management of the deteriorating patient in all NSW hospitals. The impact of BTF implementation on the 35 larger hospitals with intensive care units (ICU) has not been reported previously. AIM To assess the impact of 'Between the Flags' (BTF), a two-tier rapid response system across 35 hospitals with an ICU in NSW, on the incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrests and the incidence and outcome of patients admitted to an ICU following cardiac arrest and rapid response team activation. METHODS This is a prospective observational study of the BTF registry (August 2010 to June 2016) and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database (January 2008 to December 2016) in 35 New South Wales public hospitals with an ICU. The primary outcome studied was the proportion of in-hospital cardiac arrests. Secondary outcomes included changes in the severity of illness and outcomes of cardiac arrest admissions to the ICU and changes in the volume of rapid response calls. RESULTS The cardiac arrest rate per 1000 hospital admissions declined from 0.91 in the implementation period to 0.70. Propensity score analysis showed significant declines in ICU and hospital mortality and length of stay for cardiac arrest patients admitted to the ICU (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The BTF programme was associated with a significant reduction in cardiac arrests in hospitals and ICU admissions secondary to cardiac arrests in 35 NSW hospitals with an ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhonagiri
- Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Simpson Centre for Health Services Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Harvey Lander
- Simpson Centre for Health Services Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NSW Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Green
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NSW Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lahn Straney
- Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Australian National University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Daryl Jones
- Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Austin Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - David Pilcher
- Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Alfred Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation (CORE), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Shetty A, Murphy M, Middleton-Rennie C, Lancuba A, Green M, Lander H, Fullick M, Li L, Iredell J, Gunja N. Evaluation of an augmented emergency department electronic medical record-based sepsis alert. Emerg Med Australas 2021; 33:848-856. [PMID: 33622028 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electronic medical records-based alerts have shown mixed results in identifying ED sepsis. Augmenting clinical patient-flagging with automated alert systems may improve sepsis screening. We evaluate the performance of a hybrid alert to identify patients in ED with sepsis or in-hospital secondary outcomes from infection. METHODS We extracted a dataset of all patients with sepsis during the study period at five participating Western Sydney EDs. We evaluated the hybrid alert's performance for identifying patients with a discharge diagnosis related to infection and modified sequential sepsis-related organ functional assessment (mSOFA) score ≥2 in ED and also compared the alert to rapid bedside screening tools to identify patients with infection for secondary outcomes of all-cause in-hospital death and/or intensive care unit admission. RESULTS A total of 118 178 adult patients presented to participating EDs during study period with 1546 patients meeting ED sepsis criteria. The hybrid alert had a sensitivity - 71.2% (95% confidence interval 68.8-73.4), specificity - 96.4% (95% confidence interval 96.3-96.5) for identifying ED sepsis. Clinician flagging identified additional alert-negative 232 ED sepsis and 63 patients with secondary outcomes and 112 alert-positive patients with infection and ED mSOFA score <2 went on to die in hospital. CONCLUSION The hybrid alert performed modestly in identifying ED sepsis and secondary outcomes from infection. Not all infected patients with a secondary outcome were identified by the alert or mSOFA score ≥2 threshold. Augmenting clinical practice with auto-alerts rather than pure automation should be considered as a potential for sepsis alerting until more reliable algorithms are available for safe use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amith Shetty
- Patient Experience and System Performance Division, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Margaret Murphy
- Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The University of Sydney Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Angelo Lancuba
- Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Green
- Clinical Excellence Commission, NSW Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harvey Lander
- Clinical Excellence Commission, NSW Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary Fullick
- Clinical Excellence Commission, NSW Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ling Li
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan Iredell
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Naren Gunja
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Li L, Rathnayake K, Green M, Fullick M, Shetty A, Walter S, Braithwaite J, Lander H, Westbrook JI. Improving the Performance of Clinical Decision Support for Early Detection of Sepsis: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study. Stud Health Technol Inform 2019; 264:679-683. [PMID: 31438010 DOI: 10.3233/shti190309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis remains a significant global health problem. It is a life-threatening, but poorly defined and recognized condition. Early recognition and intervention are essential to optimize patient outcomes. Automated clinical decision support systems (CDS) may be particularly beneficial for early detection of sepsis. The aim of this study was to use retrospective data to develop and evaluate seven revised versions of an electronic sepsis alert rule to assess their performance in detecting sepsis cases and patient deterioration (in-hospital mortality or ICU admission). Four revised options had higher sensitivity but lower specificity than the original rule. After discussion with clinical experts, two revised options with the highest sensitivity were selected. Further analysis on the number of alerts and time intervals between alerts and patient outcomes was conducted to decide the option to be implemented. This study has provided a data-driven approach to improve the CDS on early detection of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kasun Rathnayake
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Green
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary Fullick
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amith Shetty
- eHealth NSW, Sydney New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott Walter
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harvey Lander
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Johanna I Westbrook
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Shetty A, MacDonald SP, Williams JM, van Bockxmeer J, de Groot B, Esteve Cuevas LM, Ansems A, Green M, Thompson K, Lander H, Greenslade J, Finfer S, Iredell J. Lactate ≥2 mmol/L plus qSOFA improves utility over qSOFA alone in emergency department patients presenting with suspected sepsis. Emerg Med Australas 2018; 29:626-634. [PMID: 29178274 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Sepsis-3 task force recommends the use of the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score to identify risk for adverse outcomes in patients presenting with suspected infection. Lactate has been shown to predict adverse outcomes in patients with suspected infection. The aim of the study is to investigate the utility of a post hoc lactate threshold (≥2 mmol/L) added qSOFA score (LqSOFA(2) score) to predict primary composite adverse outcomes (mortality and/or ICU stay ≥72 h) in patients presenting to ED with suspected sepsis. METHODS Retrospective cohort study was conducted on a merged dataset of suspected or proven sepsis patients presenting to ED across multiple sites in Australia and The Netherlands. Patients are identified as candidates for quality improvement initiatives or research studies at respective sites based on local screening procedures. Data-sharing was performed across sites of demographics, qSOFA, SOFA, lactate thresholds and outcome data for included patients. LqSOFA(2) scores were calculated by adding an extra point to qSOFA score in patients who met lactate thresholds of ≥2 mmol/L. RESULTS In a merged dataset of 12 555 patients where a full qSOFA score and outcome data were available, LqSOFA(2) ≥2 identified more patients with an adverse outcome (sensitivity 65.5%, 95% confidence interval 62.6-68.4) than qSOFA ≥2 (sensitivity 47.6%, 95% confidence interval 44.6- 50.6). The post hoc addition of lactate threshold identified higher proportion of patients at risk of adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The lactate ≥2 mmol/L threshold-based LqSOFA(2) score performs better than qSOFA alone in identifying risk of adverse outcomes in ED patients with suspected sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amith Shetty
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Critical Infection, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Westmead Emergency Medical Research Unit, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Pj MacDonald
- Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Emergency Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Julian M Williams
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John van Bockxmeer
- Western Australia Country Health Service, South Hedland, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bas de Groot
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemieke Ansems
- Emergency Department, Albert Schweitzer Ziekenhuis, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Malcolm Green
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kelly Thompson
- Critical Care and Trauma Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harvey Lander
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaimi Greenslade
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Biostatistics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Simon Finfer
- Critical Care and Trauma Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan Iredell
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Critical Infection, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Shetty AL, Thompson K, Byth K, Macaskill P, Green M, Fullick M, Lander H, Iredell J. Serum lactate cut-offs as a risk stratification tool for in-hospital adverse outcomes in emergency department patients screened for suspected sepsis. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e015492. [PMID: 29306875 PMCID: PMC5780682 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated specific lactate thresholds for adverse outcomes in patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) with suspected sepsis identified based on the performance of a sepsis screening algorithm. DESIGN AND SETTING A standardised sepsis bundle was implemented across public hospitals in New South Wales, Australia, as a quality improvement initiative. A register of all adult ED presentations (≥18 years) meeting predefined criteria for sepsis was created, using a combination of data linkage and direct reporting from 97 participating sites. PARTICIPANTS A total of 12 349 adult ED presentations with 8310 (67.3%) having serum lactate analysis on arrival. Analysis of outcomes was based on dataset for 12 349 subjects obtained through multiple imputation for missing data. INTERVENTIONS A sepsis management bundle including early antibiotic prescribing, fluid therapy and referral to intensive care unit (ICU) services was implemented. OUTCOME MEASURES A primary composite adverse event (AE) outcome of inhospital mortality (IHM) and/or prolonged ICU stay ≥72 hours (ICU 72 hours) was used for this study. RESULTS There was statistically significant increase both in the ORs of AE and IHM with each integer increase in serum lactate values. After adjusting for the presence of hypotension, the estimated ORs for the combined AE outcome were 2.71 (95% CI 2.05 to 3.57), 2.65 (95% CI 2.29 to 3.08), 3.10 (95% CI 2.71 to 3.53) and 3.89 (95% CI 3.36 to 4.50) for serum lactate levels at or above 1, 2, 3 and 4 mmol/L, respectively. The corresponding ORs for IHM were 2.93 (95% CI 2.08 to 4.13), 2.77 (95% CI 2.34 to 3.29), 3.26 (95% CI 2.80 to 3.80) and 4.01 (95% CI 3.40 to 4.73), respectively (all P<0.0001). More than 10% of patients with suspected sepsis and with serum lactate ≥2 mmol/L experienced a prolonged ICU stay or died in hospital. CONCLUSIONS ED sepsis screening algorithms intended to identify patient adverse outcomes should incorporate a serum lactate cut-off of ≥2 mmol/L as a threshold for the initiation of specific interventions and increased monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amith L Shetty
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Critical Excellence, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Emergency Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kelly Thompson
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Byth
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Research and Education Network, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Petra Macaskill
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Green
- Adult Patient Safety Program, Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary Fullick
- Adult Patient Safety Program, Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harvey Lander
- Systems Improvement, Clinical Excellence Commission, Sydney South, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan Iredell
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Critical Excellence, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Infectious Diseases and Intensive care, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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Green M, Lander H, Snyder A, Hudson P, Churpek M, Edelson D. Comparison of the Between the Flags calling criteria to the MEWS, NEWS and the electronic Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage (eCART) score for the identification of deteriorating ward patients. Resuscitation 2017; 123:86-91. [PMID: 29169912 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traditionally, paper based observation charts have been used to identify deteriorating patients, with emerging recent electronic medical records allowing electronic algorithms to risk stratify and help direct the response to deterioration. OBJECTIVE(S) We sought to compare the Between the Flags (BTF) calling criteria to the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and electronic Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage (eCART) score. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Multicenter retrospective analysis of electronic health record data from all patients admitted to five US hospitals from November 2008-August 2013. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cardiac arrest, ICU transfer or death within 24h of a score RESULTS: Overall accuracy was highest for eCART, with an AUC of 0.801 (95% CI 0.799-0.802), followed by NEWS, MEWS and BTF respectively (0.718 [0.716-0.720]; 0.698 [0.696-0.700]; 0.663 [0.661-0.664]). BTF criteria had a high risk (Red Zone) specificity of 95.0% and a moderate risk (Yellow Zone) specificity of 27.5%, which corresponded to MEWS thresholds of >=4 and >=2, NEWS thresholds of >=5 and >=2, and eCART thresholds of >=12 and >=4, respectively. At those thresholds, eCART caught 22 more adverse events per 10,000 patients than BTF using the moderate risk criteria and 13 more using high risk criteria, while MEWS and NEWS identified the same or fewer. CONCLUSION(S) An electronically generated eCART score was more accurate than commonly used paper based observation tools for predicting the composite outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrest, ICU transfer and death within 24h of observation. The outcomes of this analysis lend weight for a move towards an algorithm based electronic risk identification tool for deteriorating patients to ensure earlier detection and prevent adverse events in the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Green
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Level 17 McKell Building, 2-24 Rawson Place, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Harvey Lander
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Level 17 McKell Building, 2-24 Rawson Place, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ashley Snyder
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 6076, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States
| | - Paul Hudson
- Clinical Excellence Commission, Level 17 McKell Building, 2-24 Rawson Place, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew Churpek
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 6076, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States
| | - Dana Edelson
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 6076, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States
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Machado FR, Nsutebu E, AbDulaziz S, Daniels R, Finfer S, Kissoon N, Lander H, Malik I, Papathanassoglou E, Reinhart K, Rooney K, Rüddel H, Toccafondi G, Tulli G, Hamilton V. Sepsis 3 from the perspective of clinicians and quality improvement initiatives. J Crit Care 2017; 40:315-317. [PMID: 28478045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia R Machado
- Global Sepsis Alliance Executive Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany; Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Emmanuel Nsutebu
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Salman AbDulaziz
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Ron Daniels
- Global Sepsis Alliance Executive Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Simon Finfer
- Global Sepsis Alliance Executive Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Niranjan Kissoon
- Global Sepsis Alliance Executive Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany; Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Harvey Lander
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Imrana Malik
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | | | - Konrad Reinhart
- Global Sepsis Alliance Executive Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany; Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Kevin Rooney
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Rüddel
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Giulio Toccafondi
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - GiOrgio Tulli
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Vida Hamilton
- Global Sepsis Alliance Quality Improvement Committee, Paul-Schneider-Str. 2, 07747 Jena, Germany.
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10
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Fullerton JN, Thompson K, Shetty A, Iredell JR, Lander H, Myburgh JA, Finfer S. New sepsis definition changes incidence of sepsis in the intensive care unit. CRIT CARE RESUSC 2017; 19:9-13. [PMID: 28215126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the impact of adopting the proposed new diagnostic criteria for sepsis, based on Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) criteria, on the diagnosis and apparent mortality of sepsis in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A two-stage, post hoc analysis of prospectively collected ICU research data from 3780 adult patients in 77 Australian and New Zealand ICUs on 7 study days, between 2009 and 2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The proportion of patients who were diagnosed with sepsis using the criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and who met the SOFA criteria for sepsis, and the proportion of patients who were admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis consistent with infection, who met either, both or neither sets of criteria for sepsis; comparison of the demographic differences and in-hospital mortality between these groups. RESULTS Of 926 patients diagnosed with sepsis on a study day using SIRS criteria, 796/923 (86.2% [95% CI, 84.0%-88.5%]) satisfied the SOFA criteria. Inhospital mortality was similar in these groups, with death recorded for 216/872 patients (24.8% [95% CI, 21.9%-27.8%]) who met the SIRS criteria for sepsis, and for 200/747 patients (26.8% [95% CI, 23.6%-30.1%]) who met both the SIRS and SOFA criteria for sepsis. Of 122 patients meeting the SIRS criteria but not the SOFA criteria, 16 (13.1% [95% CI, 7.7%-19.1%]) died. Of 241 patients admitted with an infective condition and complete data, 142 (58.9% [95% CI, 52.4%-65.2%]) satisfied the SIRS criteria for sepsis and 210 (87.1% [95% CI, 82.2%-91.1%]) satisfied the SOFA criteria. Of the 241 patients, 99 (41.1%) were not classified as having sepsis on the study day by SIRS criteria and, of these, 80 (80.8%) met the SOFA criteria. CONCLUSIONS Adopting the SOFA criteria will increase the apparent incidence of sepsis in patients admitted to the ICU with infective conditions without affecting the mortality rate. Prospective evaluation of the effect of adopting the new definition of sepsis is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Fullerton
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kelly Thompson
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Harvey Lander
- Clinical Excellence Commission, NSW Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John A Myburgh
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Finfer
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Lander H, Zammert M, FitzGerald D. Anticoagulation management during cross-clamping and bypass. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2016; 30:359-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Davey MG, Lander H, Robson HN. The evaluation of anticoagulant solutions used in the preparation of platelets for transfusion. Bibl Haematol 2015; 23:1358-61. [PMID: 4957216 DOI: 10.1159/000384477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Chauhan S, Stratford J, Patel I, Lander H, Anandadas C, Loncaster J. EP-1665: Do radiotherapy tattoos reliably guide patient set up for breast tumour bed treatment? - A review of current practice. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)41657-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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McPartlin A, Chaudhry S, Swindell R, Bayman N, Burt P, Chittalia A, Cootes J, Faivre Finn C, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Sheikh H, Pemberton L. The largest UK single centre series using hypofractionated radical radiotherapy for NSCLC in the very elderly. Lung Cancer 2013; 81:144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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McPartlin A, Chaudhury S, Swindell R, Bayman N, Burt P, Chittalia A, Coote J, Faivre-Finn C, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Sheikh H, Pemberton L. 160 The largest single centre series using hypofractionated radical radiotherapy treatment for NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) in the very elderly. Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chaudhury S, McPartlin A, Swindell R, Bayman N, Burt P, Chittalia A, Coote J, Faivre-Finn C, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Sheikh H, Pemberton L. 157 Radical radiotherapy for NSCLC in the very elderly: Can failure to tolerate treatment be predicted? Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Coote J, Sheikh H, Lander H, Okafor O, Swindell R, Shah R. 188 Audit into outcomes of bronchial stent insertion in lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(12)70189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Robinson H, Shrimali R, Webster G, Koh P, Helbrow J, Bayman N, Burt P, Chittalia A, Harris M, Lander H, Coote J, Lee L, Pemberton L, Sheikh H, Ashcroft L, Faivre-Finn C. 146 One year on: early report of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for locally advanced lung cancer at the Christie. Lung Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(12)70147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Helbrow J, Koh P, Shrimali R, Blackhall F, Bayman N, Burt P, Chittalia A, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Pemberton L, Sheikh H, Summers Y, Taylor P, Ashcroft L, Swindell R, Webster G, Faivre-Finn C. 164 Clinical characteristics and radiotherapy planning parameters as predictors of radiation-induced oesophageal toxicity following radical radiotherapy (rRT) for small cell (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(12)70165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Helbrow J, Koh P, Shrimali R, Blackhall F, Bayman N, Burt P, Chittalia A, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Pemberton L, Sheikh H, Summers Y, Taylor P, Ashcroft L, Swindell R, Webster G, Faivre-Finn C. 165 Clinical characteristics and radiotherapy planning parameters as predictors of radiation-induced pulmonary toxicity following radical radiotherapy (rRT) for small cell (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(12)70166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alves A, Faivre-Finn C, Burt P, Chittalia A, Coote J, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Pemberton L, Sheikh H, Shah R, Swindell R, Taylor P, Blackhall F, Bayman N. 89 Management of stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Greater Manchester and Cheshire Cancer Network (GMCCN): an analysis of current practice. Lung Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(12)70090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Gupta K, Faivre-Finn C, Burt P, Coote J, Chittalia A, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Pemberton L, Sheikh H, Higham P, Bayman N. 157 Mortality rates after palliative radiotherapy for lung cancer from a single UK radiotherapy centre. Lung Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(12)70158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Endevelt R, Lemberger J, Bregman J, Kowen G, Berger-Fecht I, Lander H, Karpati T, Shahar DR. Intensive dietary intervention by a dietitian as a case manager among community dwelling older adults: the EDIT study. J Nutr Health Aging 2011; 15:624-30. [PMID: 21968856 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-011-0074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials that have assessed the best approach for treating under-nutrition in old age are scarce. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of an intensive nutritional intervention program led by a dietitian on the health and nutritional status of malnourished community dwelling older adults. METHODS Sixty-eight eligible participants (age<75) were randomly assigned to a Dietetic Intervention Treatment (DIT), an intensive nutritional intervention led by a dietitian, or a Medical Treatment (MT), a physician-led standard care group, with an educational booklet regarding dietary requirements and recommendations for older adults. An additional 59 eligible participants who were unable to participate in the randomization were included as a non-randomized "untreated nutrition" group (UNG). RESULTS Over the 6-month follow-up, the DIT group showed significant improvement in cognitive function (from 25.8±4.5 to 26.8±4, p=0.04), and depression score (from 7.3±3.9 to 5.4±3.9, p=0.04) compared with the change in the other 2 groups. The DIT group showed a significant improvement in intake of carbohydrates (+15% vs. +1% in the MT and +3% in the UNG), protein (+8% vs. +2% in the MT and -3% in the UNG), vitamin B6 (+20% vs. +7% in the MT and +8% in the UNG), and vitamin B1 (+22% vs. +11% in the MT and 0% in the UNG). The DIT group had a significantly lower cost of physician visits than the other 2 groups ($172.1±232.0 vs. $417.2±368.0 in the MT and $428.1±382.3 in the UNG, p=0.005). CONCLUSION Intensive dietary intervention was moderately effective in lowering cost of services used and improving medical and nutritional status among community dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Endevelt
- Department of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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Helbrow J, Bayman N, Burt P, Chittalia A, Harris M, Lander H, Lee L, Pemberton L, Sheikh H, Malloy L, Faivre-Finn C. 106 An examination of the recruitment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BM) to the QUARTZ Clinical Trial at the Christie. Lung Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(11)70106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Farrell C, Wardley A, Lander H, McGurk A, Mitchell H, Lau V, Loncaster J, Magee B, Stewart A, Burt P. Analysis of cardiac events in a single institution series of 155 patients who completed adjuvant Trastuzumab. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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26
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Teng KK, Lander H, Fajardo JE, Hanafusa H, Hempstead BL, Birge RB. v-Crk modulation of growth factor-induced PC12 cell differentiation involves the Src homology 2 domain of v-Crk and sustained activation of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:20677-85. [PMID: 7657647 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.35.20677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) elicit contrasting actions on PC12 pheochromocytoma cells; NGF causes neuronal differentiation, and EGF induces proliferation. However, ectopic expression of the Src homology 2 (SH2) and SH3-containing oncogenic adaptor protein v-Crk in PC12 cells results in EGF-inducible neuronal differentiation (Hempstead, B. L., Birge, R. B., Fajardo, J. E., Glassman, R., Mahadeo, D., Kraemer, R., and Hanafusa, H. (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 1964-1971). Here we show that v-Crk complexes with both the tyrosine-phosphorylated EGF receptor and the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor SOS in PC12 cells and is involved in an pathway analogous to that of Grb2. Expression of v-Crk results in an enhanced and sustained activation of Ras and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase following EGF or NGF stimulation, implying that v-Crk can couple divergent tyrosine kinase pathways to Ras. To investigate the causal relationship between EGF receptor binding, MAP kinase activation, and neurite outgrowth, we stably expressed two v-Crk SH2 point mutants, v-Crk(R273N) and v-Crk(H294R) in PC12 cells. Mutations within the SH2 domain of v-Crk block binding of v-Crk to the tyrosine phosphorylated EGF receptor, compromise v-Crk's ability to cause EGF-dependent neurite outgrowth, and act in a dominant negative manner for NGF-induced neurite outgrowth. However, the kinetics of MAP kinase activation in EGF- or NGF-treated v-Crk-(R273N)PC12 cells was comparable with that in v-CrkPC12 cells. These data are consistent with a model in which v-Crk regulates the strength of a tyrosine kinase signal leading to prolonged activation of Ras and MAP kinase. However, the experiments with the SH2 mutants suggest that sustained activation, by itself, may not be sufficient to switch the fate of v-CrkPC12 cells from proliferation toward differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Teng
- Department of Medicine, New York Hospital, Cornell University Medical College, New York 10021, USA
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27
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Lander H. Yet another manifestation of degenerative changes? Med J Aust 1992; 157:500. [PMID: 1406406 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137328.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Moskal JR, Sinnett M, Kornblith PL, LaSala P, Levine DM, Parker TS, Lander H. The effect of lipoproteins on human glioblastoma growth in vitro. Mol Chem Neuropathol 1992; 17:169-81. [PMID: 1418223 DOI: 10.1007/bf03159990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were performed using an established human glioblastoma cell line to determine the effect of lipoproteins on regulating their growth. It was found that synthetic and natural human high density lipoproteins (HDL) were effective in inhibiting tumor cell growth in a nontoxic, dose-dependent manner, and that the LD50 was 10-fold lower than that for normal rat astrocytes grown under identical conditions. In the presence of the antioxidant, glutathione, essentially all of the growth-inhibiting properties of HDL could be reversed suggesting that oxidized lipids from the HDL interacting with the plasma membranes of the glioblastoma cells were responsible for the growth-inhibiting effect observed. The markedly lower concentration of HDL required to inhibit glioblastoma cells in culture compared to normal astrocytes suggested that the mechanism of HDL-induced inhibition may be important for tumor growth in vivo. One possible mechanism under investigation is the possibility of HDL modulation of a membrane-associated, tumor-specific phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Moskal
- Chicago Institute for Neurosurgery and Neuroresearch, IL 60614
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lander
- Fiji School of Medicine, Suva, Fiji Islands
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Lander H. Some medical aspects of euthanasia. Med J Aust 1984; 141:173-7. [PMID: 6749035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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31
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Blasius E, Lander H, Keller M. Massenspektren von cyclischen Polyethern mit O bzw. O und N als Heteroatom im Etherring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00467296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Cis-platinum was used in the management of four patients with metastatic carcinoma of the adrenal cortex. In each instance, clinical and objective response was observed. This agent would appear to warrant further trial in the management of this rare tumour.
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Abstract
Two case histories are presented which illustrate the fact that acute functional psychoses may simulate delirium. It is suggested that the term "pseudodelirium" may alert clinicians to this possibility, and facilitate the earlier diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric illness.
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Abstract
Lymphocytes lacking receptors for sheep erythrocytes and surface immunoglobulin were present in the blood in large numbers at some stage in four cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (which included a mother and son), and formed a substantial proportion of the circulating lymphocytes in other cases. These null cells possessed receptors for mouse erythrocytes. Other B-cell markers were also found on these cells. Serial studies showed a great variation in the number of null cells during the course of the disease (which may be associated with treatment), suggesting variation in the the maturation of leukaemic cells, and indicating that the surface marker complement may not reflect the constitution of the cell undergoing the original malignant change.
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Lander H. Bone marrow transplantation. Aust Nurses J 1979; 8:44-8. [PMID: 34382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Worland J, Lander H, Hesselbrock V. Psychological evaluation of clinical disturbance in children at risk for psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1979; 88:13-26. [PMID: 370172 DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.88.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Shabad P, Worland J, Lander H, Dietrich D. A retrospective analysis of the TATs of children at risk who subsequently broke down. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 1979; 10:49-59. [PMID: 467131 DOI: 10.1007/bf01433637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective evaluation of stories told to three Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) cards by children at risk isolated six characteristics that were associated with functioning six to 10 years later. The characteristics included lack of individual initiative, denial of mother-child relationships, denial of negative outcomes, and lack of autonomy. The TATs of children at risk (due to one parent's hospitalization for a psychotic illness) who subsequently suffered major decompensation themselves (requiring hospitalization or intensive outpatient therapy) could be discriminated from those of children at risk with apparently normal development. The TAT characteristics were independent of the level of adjustment at the time the TATs were administered, not related to the child's IQ, socioeconomic status, race, or other family characteristics, and moderately negatively correlated with story length.
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Baker RJ, McNeil JJ, Lander H. Platelet metal levels in normal subjects determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Thromb Haemost 1978; 39:360-5. [PMID: 580987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A method has been developed for the estimation of iron, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium in human platelets using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Fe and Cu are either absent or present in very low concentration approaching the limit of detection: Zn, Ca and Mg are readily detectable. EDTA is preferable to ACD(A) or heparin as the anticoagulant for collection in that the platelet yield is reliable: however, slightly low results for Ca and Mg are obtained. Corrections for residual plasma and contaminating red cells are essential. Plasma and platelet metal levels in 33 normal subjects are reported together with the findings in four studies undertaken on platelets obtained from subjects with polycythemia vera.
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Ronai PM, Baker RJ, Bellen JC, Collins PJ, Anderson PJ, Lander H. Technetium-99m-pyridoxylideneglutamate: a new hepatobiliary radiopharmaceutical. II. Clinical aspects. J Nucl Med 1975; 16:728-37. [PMID: 1177049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Technetium-99m-pyridoxylideneglutamate (99mTc-PG) is a nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that was found to undergo rapid biliary excretion in normal humans. The biliary tree and gallbladder were seen within 10-15 min of injection and by 20 min marked accumulation of radioactivity was noted in the gallbladder and gastrointestinal tract. Of ten "control" volunteers, seven had normal 99mTc-PG-cholescintigrams. In the remaining three, the gallbladder was not visualized. Gallbladder disease was not excluded in these three subjects. Of 24 patients referred for investigation of right upper quadrant abdominal pain, 13 proved to have gallbladder disease. All seven patients with acute cholecystitis and one of four patients with chronic cholecystitis had nonvisualization of the gallbladder on the cholescintigram whereas five patients with chronic cholecystitis or cholesterolosis had normal cholescintigrams. Six of the eight patients with nonvisualization of the gallbladder on cholescintigram had contrast radiologic studies (oral cholecystogram or intravenous cholangiogram or both), and in all six, nonvisualization of the gallbladder was also reported on the contrast study. cholescintigraphy was found to be greatly inferior to contrast radiologic studies in the detection of gallbladder stones. Eleven patients had complete extrahepatic biliary obstruction and this diagnosis was correctly made in all 11 by the cholescintigram. Fourteen patients had incomplete extrahepatic biliary obstruction. The correct diagnosis was made on the cholescintigram in seven but in the remaining seven it was not possible to distinguish between incomplete extrahepatic biliary obstruction and hepatocellular disease. Malignant lesions (carcinomas of head of pancreas, gallbladder, common bile duct or ampulla of Vater) were the cause of obstruction in 10 of the 25 patients with complete or incomplete obstruction and the diagnosis of obstruction due to malignancy was correctly made in 8 of these 10 by means of a scintigraphic equivalent to Courvoisier's sing. Finally, 11 patients had hepatocellular disease and a nonspecific pattern consistent with either imcomplete biliary obstruction or hepatocellular disease was observed on the cholescintigram in all 11. The 99mTc-PG cholescintigram is suggested for a role complementary to that of contrast radiologic studies in the preoperative investigation of patients with possible surgical disease of the biliary tract. Contrast radiologic techniques are advocated as being more appropriate in the nonjaundiced patient with suspected gallbladder disease whereas the 99mTc-PG cholescintigram is advocated as being more appropriate in the patient with jaundice. The value of the 99mTc-PG cholescintigram lies in the confidence with which complete extrahepatic biliary obstruction can be diagnosed. The "scintigraphic Courvoisier's sign" seems a useful indicator of malignant obstruction.
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Abstract
The platelet ascorbic acid concentration was measured in 26 normal subjects and found to be 20 times as high as in plasma. This is in agreement with previous reports in the literature. The platelets of patients with uraemia, leukaemia, and megaloblastic anaemia had a lower than normal platelet ascorbic acid content. In uraemia and megaloblastic anaemia the plasma ascorbic acid concentration was normal suggesting that a platelet defect may be responsible for the low platelet ascorbic acid content. In leukaemia the low platelet ascorbic acid content is probably secondary to a low plasma level.
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Cook DJ, Lander H. Inhalation lung scanning using carrier-free 113m In. J Nucl Med 1971; 12:765-6. [PMID: 5113644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Abstract
Pulmonary embolism was first recognized as an important entity early in the nineteenth century. The evolution of our knowledge of this disorder has been reviewed with particular emphasis on the various diagnostic techniques which have been used to assist in its recognition. These have included physical examination to demonstrate the presence of classical physical signs, electrocardiography, biochemical tests, radiological examinations, pulmonary function tests, ultra-sound and methods employing radionuclides. The wide variety of techniques applied to this problem clearly indicates that no currently available test is entirely satisfactory alone. Probably the most significant advance in recent years has been the development of lung perfusion scanning which has provided at the very least a valuable screening test and a ready method of studying serially the natural history of the perfusion defects produced by thromboembolic disease.
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Cook DJ, Lander H. Scintiphotography and rectilinear scanning of the lung using 99mTc-MAFH (macroaggregated ferrous hydroxide). A comparison of 100 subjects. Australas Radiol 1971; 15:32-7. [PMID: 5577060 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1673.1971.tb01228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Abstract
Present techniques for the estimation of platelet ascorbic acid allow interference by other substances in the sample. A new and more specific method of analysis is presented. The proposed method owes its increased specificity to resolution of the extract by thin-layer chromatography. By this means ascorbic acid is separated from other reducing substances present. The separated ascorbic acid is eluted from the thin layer and estimated by a new and very sensitive procedure: ascorbic acid is made to react with ferric chloride and the ferrous ions so formed are estimated spectrophotometrically by the coloured derivative which they form with tripyridyl-Striazine. Results obtained with normal blood platelets were consistently lower than simultaneous determinations by the dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) method.
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