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Ding N, Fu XX, Wu HM, Zhu L. [Research progress of the application of methacrylic anhydride gelatin hydrogel in wound repair]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2022; 38:1096-1100. [PMID: 36418269 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220308-00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wound repair is a common clinical problem, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and also brings a heavy burden to the society. Hydrogel-based multifunctional dressing has shown strong potential in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds. In addition to its good histocompatibility, cell adhesion, and biodegradability, methacrylic anhydride gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel has also attracted much attention due to its low cost, mild reaction conditions, adjustable physicochemical properties, and wide clinical applications. In this paper, the characteristics of GelMA hydrogel and its research progress in wound repair are introduced, and the future development of multifunctional GelMA hydrogel dressing for wound treatment is prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ding
- Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - X X Fu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - H M Wu
- School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - L Zhu
- Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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Du RX, Cai JM, Wang QJ, Luo LM, Wang XN, Cao RH, Wu HM, Ye P. [Effects of moderate dose rosuvastatin on carotid plaque in patients with diabetes mellitus evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:570-576. [PMID: 35705466 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220225-00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the effect of lipid regulating therapy on carotid atherosclerotic plaque in diabetic patients. Methods: The REACH study, conducted between March 2009 and February 2012, enrolled asymptomatic patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed carotid atherosclerotic plaque, who had never taken lipid-lowering drugs. Patients were treated with a moderate dose of rosuvastatin for 24 months. Blood lipid levels were measured and carotid MRI was performed at baseline, 3 and 24 months after treatment. The volume of carotid wall and lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) were measured by image analysis software. This study retrospectively analyzed patients in the REACH study. Patients were divided into diabetes group and non-diabetic group. The changes of blood lipid level and MRI parameters of carotid atherosclerotic plaque were compared between the two groups and their correlation was analyzed. Results: A total of 38 patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque were included in this study, including 13 patients (34.2%) in the diabetic group and 25 patients (65.8%) in the non-diabetic group. Baseline parameters were comparable between the two groups, except higher HbA1c level in diabetes group (P<0.05). Compared with baseline, the total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly decreased at 3 and 24 months in both two groups (P<0.05). The change of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in diabetes group was not obvious, while it was significantly increased in non-diabetic group at 24 months ((1.38±0.33) mmol/l vs. (1.26±0.26) mmol/l, P<0.05). MRI results showed that the volume and percentage of LRNC remained unchanged at 3 months, slightly decreased at 24 months (64.86 (45.37, 134.56) mm3 vs. 75.76 (48.20, 115.64) mm3, P>0.05) and (15.84% (11.47%, 24.85%) vs. 16.95% (11.64%, 22.91%), P>0.05) in diabetic group. In non-diabetic group, the volume and percentage of LRNC were significantly decreased at 3 months (63.01 (44.25, 188.64) mm3 vs. 72.49 (51.91, 199.59) mm3, P<0.05) and (13.76% (8.81%, 27.64%) vs. 16.04% (11.18%, 27.05%), P<0.05) respectively. Both parameters further decreased to (55.63 (27.18, 179.40) mm3) and (12.71% (8.39%, 24.41%)) at 24 months (both P<0.05). Wall volume, lumen volume and percent wall volume (PWV) were not affected post therapy in both two groups(P>0.05). There were no correlations between the changes of plaque parameters including volume and percentage of LRNC, wall volume, lumen volume, PWV and the changes of blood lipid parameters (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG) in 3 and 24 months (P>0.05). Conclusion: Lipid-lowering therapy possesses different effects on carotid atherosclerotic plaque in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, and the LRNC improvement is more significant in non-diabetic patients as compared to diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Du
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J M Cai
- Department of Radiology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Q J Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - L M Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X N Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - R H Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - H M Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - P Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Chen Y, Zhang F, Wu HM, Luo XL, Zhang KP, Liu YH. [Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma: a clinicopathological and prognostic analysis of 27 cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2021; 50:1346-1352. [PMID: 34865422 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20210316-00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical manifestations, pathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM). Methods: Twenty-seven cases of LPL from January 2016 to December 2020 at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were collected. The clinical data, histomorphology, immunophenotype, MYD88 L265P mutation, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were 19 males and 8 female patients, with median age of 63 years. The most common initial symptoms were fatigue related to anemia. Bone marrow was involved in all cases, lymphadenopathy was seen in 11 cases and splenomegaly in 10 cases. Monoclonal IgM type protein was detected in 25 cases, meeting the diagnostic criteria of WM. Microscopically, bone marrow and lymph nodes were infiltrated by small lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes or plasma cells. The cells expressed pan B-cell markers and showed immunoglobulin light chain restriction. There was no expression of CD5, and low expression of CD23 and CD10; Ki-67 index was usually low. The positive rate of MYD88 L265P mutation was 73.9% (17/23). Most of the patients were treated with rituximab combined with alkylating agents, nucleoside analogues or immunomodulators, and the few patients with relapse or progression were treated with Ibutinib. During the 3-168 months' follow-up period, recurrence or progression were seen in nine cases. Thrombocytopenia, elevated β2-microglobulin and high-risk group were associated with recurrence or progression of the disease (P<0.05). The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of the high-risk patients were significantly lower than those of the low-medium risk patients (P<0.05). Conclusions: LPL/WM is an exclusive diagnosis; the detection of MYD88 L265P mutation has high diagnostic value, but it is not specific. These cases should be assessed comprehensively for their clinical manifestation, serum IgM protein level and immunophenotype. The overall prognosis of LPL/WM is good, but there are still a small number of high-risk patients with rapid progress, and so the symptomatic patients should be diagnosed accurately and treated in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People' s Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - F Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People' s Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - H M Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People' s Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - X L Luo
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People' s Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - K P Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People' s Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y H Liu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People' s Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Guo WB, Liu YP, Xu HH, Meng LL, Zhu HM, Wu HM, Guan J, Yi HL, Yin SK. [Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: an association study based on a large sample clinical database]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:1263-1269. [PMID: 34963213 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210531-00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: From July 2007 to June 2017, a total of 8 155 adult subjects, including 6 484 males and 1 671 females, aged 18-90 (43.13±12.28), body mass index 14.61~59.56 (25.59±3.98) kg/m2,who were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology head and Neck surgery of The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent polysomnography and biochemical tests. Subjects were divided into four groups (non-OSA, mild OSA, moderate OSA, and severe OSA) according to OSA severity. The prevalence of MS was expressed as percentage, and the correlation between OSA and MS and its characteristic pathophysiological indicators was evaluated by logistic regression model after adjusting for factors such as gender, age, BMI, neck circumference, hip circumference, smoking and alcohol consumption, and was expressed by odds ratio (OR). SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of MS was 43.6%, and that of non-/mild/moderate/severe OSA group was 18.6%, 30.4%, 43.8%, 57.1%.Logistic regression showed that patients with mild/moderate/severe OSA had an increased risk of MS compared with non-OSA patients, with adjusted OR values and confidence intervals of 1.27 (1.05-1.54), 1.84 (1.53-2.22), and 2.08 (1.76-2.46), respectively (P<0.01).In addition, indicators of OSA anoxic burden [oxygen drop index(Toxygen=7.1), minimum blood oxygen(Tminimum=56.3), blood oxygen saturation below 90% cumulative time ratio (TCT90=10.6) ]were closely associated with MS disease(P<0.01), but sleep fragmentation index (arousals index) was not significantly associated with MS disease. Conclusion: The risk of MS gradually increases with the severity of OSA, and the indicators reflecting OSA hypoxia burden are closely related to MS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Y P Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - H H Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - L L Meng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - H M Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - H M Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - J Guan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - H L Yi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - S K Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
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Li CJ, Chang CL, Huang HY, Soong YK, Wu HM. P–570 Embryos originating from oocytes with smooth endoplasmic reticulum clusters have a lower euploidy rate via PGT-A testing using next-generation sequencing. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does the presence of smooth endoplasmic reticulum clusters (sERCs) in oocytes affect the human embryo ploidy?
Summary answer
The euploidy rate of embryos originating from sERCs + oocytes is lower
What is known already
While an expert panel strongly recommended that sERCs+ oocytes should not be inseminated, some normal healthy babies derived from sERCs+ oocytes have been reported. In previous studies have shown that declined fertilization rate and lower proportions of good quality embryos are found in oocytes showing sERCs. The updating findings of the molecular status of sERC+ oocytes elucidated the sERCs+ oocytes may have impaired chromosomal segregation ability. However, no study reveals the relation between sERCs and embryo ploidy.
Study design, size, duration
A retrospective study enrolled 129 preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles from January 2017 to March 2020 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lonkou.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
ICSI fertilization rate, Day5 usable blastocyst rate (D5UBR), total usable blastocyst rate (TUBR), euploidy rate, mosaic rate, and aneuploidy rate are investigated between embryo originating from sERCs+ and sERCs- oocytes.
Main results and the role of chance
Although higher TBUR in blastocyst derived from sERCs+ oocytes than sERCs- group (73.7% vs. 62.5%) but accompanied lower euploidy rate (7% vs. 29%) and higher aneuploid rate (79% vs. 54%).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Limited sample size, need a large-scale study to confirm the conclusion. The live-birth rate per embryo transfer cycle was not included for analysis. As we did not perform polar body analysis, we cannot state for sure that embryonic aneuploidy was related to the oocyte.
Wider implications of the findings: This study demonstrates that embryos originating from sERCs+ oocytes have a lower euploidy rate.
Trial registration number
CMRPG3H0751
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Li
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Lonkou, Fertility and Reproductive Genetic Center at Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - C L Chang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Lonkou, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - H Y Huang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Lonkou, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Y K Soong
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Lonkou, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - H M Wu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Lonkou, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
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Li HY, Yang HG, Wu HM, Yao QQ, Zhang ZY, Meng QS, Fan LL, Wang JQ, Zheng N. Inhibitory effects of lactoferrin on pulmonary inflammatory processes induced by lipopolysaccharide by modulating the TLR4-related pathway. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:7383-7392. [PMID: 33838887 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the ability of lactoferrin to modulate pulmonary inflammation. To construct in vitro and in vivo inflammatory lung models, cells from the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 µg/mL), and mice (CD-1) were intratracheally administered LPS [10 mg/kg of body weight (BW), tracheal lumen injection], respectively. The A549 cells were preincubated with lactoferrin (10 mg/mL), and the mice were intraperitoneally injected with lactoferrin (100 mg/kg of BW), followed by LPS treatment. The concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) in culture medium of A549 cells and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the mice were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The toll-like receptor 4-related pathway (TLR4/MyD88/IRAK1/TRAF6/NFκB) was determined at gene and protein expression levels in A549 cells and mouse lung tissue. Results showed that LPS treatment significantly elevated the concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in the A549 cell culture medium and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the mice; it also elevated both the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 and the TLR4 downstream factors in A549 cells and mouse lung tissue. Nevertheless, lactoferrin apparently depressed the releases of IL-1β and TNF-α from A549 cells and lung tissues stimulated by LPS, and significantly suppressed the TLR4 signaling pathway. Lactoferrin also promoted the enhancement of miR-146a expression in A549 cells and mouse lung tissue. Moreover, 100°C heating for 3 min caused total loss of the previously listed bioactivity of lactoferrin. Collectively, we proved that lactoferrin intervened in LPS-induced inflammation in the pulmonary cell model and in the mouse model, through inhibiting the TLR4-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - H G Yang
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China
| | - H M Wu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Q Q Yao
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Z Y Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Q S Meng
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - L L Fan
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - J Q Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
| | - N Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
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Gu YQ, Xia Y, Zhang SM, Bao X, Wu HM, Bian SS, Huang LY, Meng G, Niu KJ. [Method of dietary nutritional status assessment and its application in cohort study of nutritional epidemiology]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1145-1150. [PMID: 32741185 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200110-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Minimizing the burden on study subjects and assessing the general dietary nutritional status as accurately as possible are the basis of a nutritional epidemiological cohort study in the general population. While introducing the main dietary nutrition assessment methods, this paper manly describes the basic contents and principles for the development of food frequency questionnaire, and briefly illustrates the problems and solutions for the development of area specific food frequency questionnaires by taking the example of Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) cohort study. Finally, discusses preliminarily the necessity and possibility of developing a national food frequency questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Gu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Y Xia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - S M Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - X Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - H M Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - S S Bian
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - L Y Huang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - G Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - K J Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Tu CC, Wan BY, Zhao XL, Li CX, Wu HM, Zhang LL, Li L, Zeng Y. [Value of ceramide in the diagnosis and risk prediction of coronary artery disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:3089-3092. [PMID: 31648453 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.39.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical values of 4 types of ceramides (Cer1, Cer2, Cer3, Cer4) in the coronary artery stenosis, clinical diagnosis and risk prediction. Methods: A total of 890 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between March 2018 and August 2018 were enrolled. The relationships between different degrees of coronary artery stenosis and ceramide levels was investigated. Diagnostic value of ceramides on acute myocardial infarction was analyzed. Meanwhile, Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in 1 year after discharging were collected to evaluate the predictive value of ceramides on risk of CHD and stroke. Results: This study showed that there were no significant differences of ceramide levels in CHD patients with different degrees of coronary artery stenosis (P>0.05), and the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction patients was 0.725. Conclusions: Ceramide is proved to be helpful in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and MACCE prediction. The relationships between ceramide and degrees of coronary artery stenosis as well as the prognosis of CHD need further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tu
- Beijing AnzhenHospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - B Y Wan
- Beijing AnzhenHospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X L Zhao
- Beijing AnzhenHospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C X Li
- Beijing Health Biotech Co. Ltd., Beijing 102206, China
| | - H M Wu
- Beijing Health Biotech Co. Ltd., Beijing 102206, China
| | - L L Zhang
- Beijing Health Biotech Co. Ltd., Beijing 102206, China
| | - L Li
- Beijing Health Biotech Co. Ltd., Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Zeng
- Beijing AnzhenHospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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9
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Huang D, Li ZS, Fan XS, Wu HM, Liu JP, Sun WY, Li SS, Hou YY, Nie X, Li J, Qin R, Guo LC, Xu JH, Zhang HZ, Sun MM, Guo QN, Yang YH, Liu YH, Qin Y, Zhang LJ, Li JH, Zhang ZH, Gao P, Li YJ, Sheng WQ. [HER2 status in gastric adenocarcinoma of Chinese: a multicenter study of 40 842 patients]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:822-826. [PMID: 30423604 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigation HER2 status in gastric adenocarcinoma of Chinese and contributing factors to the HER2 expression. Methods: HER2 status of 40 842 gastric adenocarcinomas and clinical data were retrospectively collected from 23 hospitals dated from 2013 to 2016. The association between HER2 positivity and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Results: Of the 40 842 patients the median age was 62 years, the male female ratio was 2.6∶1.0. The rate of HER2 positivity was 8.8% (3 577/40 842). HER2 expression was related to the tissue type, tumor location, Lauren classification and tumor differentiation (P values: 0.009, 0.001, <0.01 and <0.01, respectively). Different HER2 expression status was observed between primary and recurrent tumors in 7.6% (48/635) cases. The rates of HER2 positivity ranged from 2% to 10% among different institutions. The rates of HER2 FISH amplification were dramatically different among the 23 hospitals (0-100%) with an average rate of 10% (810/8 156) in patients with HER2 IHC 2+ . Conclusions: HER2 expression is associated with clinicopathologic characteristics. HER2 re-assessment of tumor tissue and use of in situ hybridization techniques increase HER2 positivity. The current retrospective study should reflect the HER2 status in gastric adenocarcinoma of Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Huang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Wu HM, Liu C, Liu XH, Yao J, Liao JQ, Chen Y, Mei P, Huang LY, Liu YH. [Clinicopathologic features of myxoid adrenocortical adenomas]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:527-530. [PMID: 29996318 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinicopathologic characteristics, immunophenotype, pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of myxoid adrenocortical adenomas. Methods: The clinical data, histological features and immunohistochemical results of 4 cases of myxoid adrenocortical adenomas were analyzed, which were collected from January 2014 to December 2016 at Guangdong General Hospital, with review of literature. Results: Four cases of myxoid adrenocortical adenomas were presented. The patients ages ranged from 26 to 45 years (mean =35 years). Microscopically, it showed a typical morphology, characterized by small-sized tumor cell cords or pseudo-glands embedded in an abundant extracellular myxoid matrix. Immunohistochemical staining showed tumor cells were strongly positive for Melan A, vimentin and focally for α-inhibin, one case showed strong and diffuse positivity for CAM5.2, and two cases showed diffuse positivity for synaptophysin, while negative for CgA, S-100 protein, epithelial antigen, CK7, CK20 and CKpan. Conclusions: Myxoid adrenocortical adenomas are extremely rare, which may cause confusion with metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours, sex cord-stromal tumoursor metanephric adenoma. Recognition of this entity would be beneficial for pathologists to avoid misdiagnosis, and unnecessary treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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11
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Zabaneh D, Krapohl E, Gaspar HA, Curtis C, Lee SH, Patel H, Newhouse S, Wu HM, Simpson MA, Putallaz M, Lubinski D, Plomin R, Breen G. A genome-wide association study for extremely high intelligence. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1226-1232. [PMID: 29731509 PMCID: PMC5987166 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We used a case-control genome-wide association (GWA) design with cases consisting of 1238 individuals from the top 0.0003 (~170 mean IQ) of the population distribution of intelligence and 8172 unselected population-based controls. The single-nucleotide polymorphism heritability for the extreme IQ trait was 0.33 (0.02), which is the highest so far for a cognitive phenotype, and significant genome-wide genetic correlations of 0.78 were observed with educational attainment and 0.86 with population IQ. Three variants in locus ADAM12 achieved genome-wide significance, although they did not replicate with published GWA analyses of normal-range IQ or educational attainment. A genome-wide polygenic score constructed from the GWA results accounted for 1.6% of the variance of intelligence in the normal range in an unselected sample of 3414 individuals, which is comparable to the variance explained by GWA studies of intelligence with substantially larger sample sizes. The gene family plexins, members of which are mutated in several monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders, was significantly enriched for associations with high IQ. This study shows the utility of extreme trait selection for genetic study of intelligence and suggests that extremely high intelligence is continuous genetically with normal-range intelligence in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zabaneh
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - E Krapohl
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - H A Gaspar
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for
Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London,
UK
| | - C Curtis
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for
Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London,
UK
| | - S H Lee
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for
Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London,
UK
| | - H Patel
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for
Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London,
UK
| | - S Newhouse
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for
Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London,
UK
| | - H M Wu
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - M A Simpson
- Department of Medical and Molecular
Genetics, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Guy’s Hospital,
London, UK
| | - M Putallaz
- Duke University Talent Identification
Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D Lubinski
- Department of Psychology and Human
Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN,
USA
| | - R Plomin
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - G Breen
- King’s College London, MRC Social,
Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
and Neuroscience, London, UK,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for
Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London,
UK,King's College London, MRC Social Genetic and
Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and
Neuroscience, 16 De Crespigny Park, London
SE5 8AF, UK. E-mail:
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12
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Zhang F, Luo DL, Chen Y, Wu HM, Yan JH, Luo XL, He J, Luo LQ, Liu YH. [Expression of βF1 and T cell receptor γ in T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:119-122. [PMID: 29429164 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the expression of βF1 and T cell receptor (TCR)γ in T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia(T-LBL/ALL), and investigate the clinicopathological features. Methods: Fifty-one cases of T-LBL/ALL were collected at Guangdong General Hospital from 2010 to 2016, the expression of βF1 and TCRγ was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results: There were 13 cases of children and adolescents, and 38 cases of adults. The expression rates of βF1 and TCRγ were 27.5%(14/51) and 15.7%(8/51) respectively. The proportion of adults in αβ T-LBL/ALL, TCR-silent T-LBL/ALL and γδ T-LBL/ALL was 7/14, 79.3%(23/29)and 8/8 respectively, and the difference was significant (P=0.023). There was no statistical difference in sex, LDH, bone marrow involvement and Ann arbor stage among these three groups(P>0.05). γδ T-LBL/ALLs included 6 cases of CD4(-)/CD8(-) phenotype, whereas αβ T-LBL/ALL included 7 cases of CD4(+) /CD8(+) phenotype. There was significant difference in CD4/CD8 expression among these three groups(P<0.01). Conclusions: γδ T-LBL/ALL occurred only in adults, with predominantly CD4(-)/CD8(-) phenotype. αβ T-LBL/ALL occurred more common in children and adolescents, with predominantly CD4(+) /CD8(+) phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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13
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Li N, Wu HM, Hang F, Zhang YS, Li MJ. Women with recurrent spontaneous abortion have decreased 25(OH) vitamin D and VDR at the fetal-maternal interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6527. [PMID: 28902929 PMCID: PMC5597287 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunological mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Vitamin D has a potent immunomodulatory effect, which may affect pregnancy outcome. The objective of this study was to investigate 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] concentration and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in the decidual tissues of RSA patients. Thirty women with RSA (RSA group) and thirty women undergoing elective abortion (control group) were recruited during 2016 from gynecology outpatient clinics. We measured 25(OH) D, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), VDR and 1-α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) in decidual tissues collected during the abortion procedure. In the RSA group, 25(OH) D and TGF-β were significantly decreased while IL-17 and IL-23 were significantly increased compared with the control group. VDR expression was significantly decreased in the RSA group compared with the control group. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between 25(OH) D in decidual tissues and RSA. These results indicated that vitamin D concentrations in the decidua are associated with inflammatory cytokine production, suggesting that vitamin D and VDR may play a role in the etiology of RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - H M Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - F Hang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Y S Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - M J Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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14
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Shen QY, Fang L, Wu HM, Wu L, He F, Liu RY. [Effect of Toll-like receptor 2 on the inhibition role of sevoflurane on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:138-41. [PMID: 26792699 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on the inhibition role of sevoflurane on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. METHODS The lung tissue samples of C(57) BL/6 mice used in this study were from previous research, including control group, asthma group and sevoflurane group, 8 samples in each group. Twenty-four specific pathogen free female TLR2 gene deletion (TLR2(-/-)) mice were randomly assigned to control group, asthma group and sevoflurane group, with 8 mice in each group. Asthma group and sevoflurane group were then sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish asthma model, combined with repeated inhalation of 3% sevoflurane in sevoflurane group. In C(57) mice, expression levels of TLR2 were detected using Western blotting analyses. In TLR2(-/-) mice, numbers of differential inflammatory cells were investigated; levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); lung tissue inflammation was detected with HE staining. RESULTS In lung tissues from C(57) mice, levels of protein expression of TLR2 in asthma group (0.547±0.042) were higher than those in control group (0.312±0.023) (P=0.023) and sevoflurane group (0.287±0.033) (P=0.020). In TLR2(-/-) mice, the number of total cells ((83.13±19.43)×10(3)/ml), numbers of differential inflammatory cells and TNF-α level ((546±16) pg/ml) in BALF in sevoflurane group were lower than those in asthma group ((206.43±41.82)×10(3)/ml, (732±41) pg/ml), but still higher than those in control group ((44.64±7.17)×10(3)/ml, (380±24) pg/ml) (all P<0.05); lung tissue inflammation was inhibited in sevoflurane group than in asthma group, but still more obvious than that in control group. CONCLUSION Toll like receptor 2 involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of sevoflurane on asthmatic airway inflammation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
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15
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Bao X, Xia Y, Zhang Q, Wu HM, Du HM, Liu L, Wang CJ, Shi HB, Guo XY, Liu X, Li CL, Su Q, Meng G, Yu B, Sun SM, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia QY, Song K, Niu KJ. Elevated serum complement C3 levels are related to the development of prediabetes in an adult population: the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systematic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study. Diabet Med 2016; 33:446-53. [PMID: 26043071 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether serum complement C3 is related to the prevalence and incidence of prediabetes in an adult population. METHODS A cross-sectional (n = 10 206) and prospective cohort study (n = 3333), with a mean (range; 95% CI) follow-up of 2.63 (1-6; 2.58-2.68) years, was conducted in people recruited from the Health Management Centre of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital in Tianjin, China. Measurement of serum C3 concentration, blood fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance, HbA1c and other potential confounding factors was performed at baseline and each year during the follow-up. Prediabetes was defined according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Adjusted logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the relationships between C3 quintiles and prediabetes. RESULTS The prevalence and incidence of prediabetes were 38.5% and 119 per 1000 person-years, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, after adjustment for potential confounders, the odds ratios of prediabetes for increasing quintiles of C3 were 1.00 (reference), 1.32 (95% CI 1.14-1.53), 1.37 (95% CI 1.18-1.59), 1.75 (95% CI 1.51-2.03), 2.25 (95% CI 1.93-2.62; P for trend < 0.0001). In the cohort analysis, the multiple-adjusted hazard ratio of prediabetes in the highest quintile of baseline C3 was 1.43 (95% CI 1.15, 1.78; P for trend < 0.001), when compared with the lowest quintile. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that elevated serum C3 levels are significantly related to an increased risk of developing prediabetes in an adult population, suggesting that C3 can be used as a biomarker in high-risk individuals to improve primary prevention of prediabetes and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Y Xia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - H M Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - H M Du
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - L Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - C J Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - H B Shi
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - X Y Guo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - X Liu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - C L Li
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Q Su
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - G Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - B Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Psychology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - S M Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - X Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - M Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Q Y Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - K Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - K J Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
Advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of both congenital and acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) have led to both an increased understanding of the disease and novel approaches to therapy. The efficacy of rituximab in acquired TTP has led to consideration of rituximab as a prophylactic therapy to prevent relapse of TTP. Novel therapies that target the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF) to block the formation of microthrombotic disease have also entered clinical study and have demonstrated promise as potential therapeutic options. Additionally, a recombinant ADAMTS13 protease has been developed which may be an important therapeutic option for both congenital and acquired TTP. The development of these new therapeutic options for patients diagnosed with TTP has increased the importance of conducting prospective, randomized studies with these agents to both confirm their efficacy and more importantly understand their most appropriate role in the treatment of patients with TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Cataland
- Department of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - H M Wu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Sheng WQ, Huang D, Ying JM, Lu N, Wu HM, Liu YH, Liu JP, Bu H, Zhou XY, Du X. HER2 status in gastric cancers: a retrospective analysis from four Chinese representative clinical centers and assessment of its prognostic significance. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2360-4. [PMID: 23788757 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 has a predictive value in gastric cancer. However, its association with prognosis remains uncertain. The aim of our study was to estimate the HER2-positive rate in Chinese gastric cancers, compare the classical fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method with the novel bright-field dual color silver-enhanced in situ hybridization (DSISH) detection system, and evaluate the relationship between the HER2 status and prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven hundred and twenty-six resected gastric cancers separately from four clinical centers in China were examined for HER2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), FISH, and DSISH. RESULTS The HER2-positive rate was 13%. The consistency between FISH and DSISH results was high (99%; κ = 0.958; P < 0.001). Tumor heterogeneity and polysomy were the main reasons for inconsistency. There was no significant difference in the 3-year overall survival (OS) between HER2-positive and -negative patients (P = 0.959). Multivariate analysis showed that HER2 was not an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION(S) HER2 overexpression and amplification occur in a significant number of Chinese gastric cancer patients. Given the obvious advantages and high consistency with FISH, DSISH was superior for evaluating HER2 amplification in gastric cancer. HER2 was not a prognostic factor for gastric cancer in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Q Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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18
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Sheng WQ, Huang D, Ying JM, Lu N, Wu HM, Liu YH, Liu JP, Bu H, Zhou XY, Du X. HER2 status in gastric cancers: a retrospective analysis from four Chinese representative clinical centers and assessment of its prognostic significance. Ann Oncol 2013. [PMID: 23788757 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt232.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 has a predictive value in gastric cancer. However, its association with prognosis remains uncertain. The aim of our study was to estimate the HER2-positive rate in Chinese gastric cancers, compare the classical fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method with the novel bright-field dual color silver-enhanced in situ hybridization (DSISH) detection system, and evaluate the relationship between the HER2 status and prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven hundred and twenty-six resected gastric cancers separately from four clinical centers in China were examined for HER2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), FISH, and DSISH. RESULTS The HER2-positive rate was 13%. The consistency between FISH and DSISH results was high (99%; κ = 0.958; P < 0.001). Tumor heterogeneity and polysomy were the main reasons for inconsistency. There was no significant difference in the 3-year overall survival (OS) between HER2-positive and -negative patients (P = 0.959). Multivariate analysis showed that HER2 was not an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION(S) HER2 overexpression and amplification occur in a significant number of Chinese gastric cancer patients. Given the obvious advantages and high consistency with FISH, DSISH was superior for evaluating HER2 amplification in gastric cancer. HER2 was not a prognostic factor for gastric cancer in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Q Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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19
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Wu HM, Stern LA, Chen JH, Huth M, Schwalb CH, Winhold M, Porrati F, Gonzalez CM, Timilsina R, Rack PD. Synthesis of nanowires via helium and neon focused ion beam induced deposition with the gas field ion microscope. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:175302. [PMID: 23548767 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/17/175302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The ion beam induced nanoscale synthesis of platinum nanowires using the trimethyl (methylcyclopentadienyl)platinum(IV) (MeCpPt(IV)Me3) precursor is investigated using helium and neon ion beams in the gas field ion microscope. The He(+) beam induced deposition resembles material deposited by electron beam induced deposition with very small platinum nanocrystallites suspended in a carbonaceous matrix. The He(+) deposited material composition was estimated to be 16% Pt in a matrix of amorphous carbon with a large room-temperature resistivity (∼3.5 × 10(4)-2.2 × 10(5) μΩ cm) and temperature-dependent transport behavior consistent with a granular material in the weak intergrain tunnel coupling regime. The Ne(+) deposited material has comparable composition (17%), however a much lower room-temperature resistivity (∼600-3.0 × 10(3) μΩ cm) and temperature-dependent electrical behavior representative of strong intergrain coupling. The Ne(+) deposited nanostructure has larger platinum nanoparticles and is rationalized via Monte Carlo ion-solid simulations which show that the neon energy density deposited during growth is much larger due to the smaller ion range and is dominated by nuclear stopping relative to helium which has a larger range and is dominated by electronic stopping.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- Ion Microscopy Innovation Center LLC, Carl Zeiss Microscopy, One Corporation Way, Peabody, MA 01960, USA
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Chen SH, Wu HM, Ossola B, Schendzielorz N, Wilson BC, Chu CH, Chen SL, Wang Q, Zhang D, Qian L, Li X, Hong JS, Lu RB. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, protects dopaminergic neurons from neurotoxin-induced damage. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:494-505. [PMID: 21726209 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Prevention or disease-modifying therapies are critical for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. However, no such intervention is currently available. Growing evidence has demonstrated that administration of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors ameliorates a wide range of neurologic and psychiatric disorders in experimental models. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) was the first HDAC inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the sole use of cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential new indications of SAHA for therapy of neurodegenerative diseases in in vitro Parkinson's disease models. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures and reconstituted cultures were used to investigate neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of SAHA. We measured toxicity in dopaminergic neurons, using dopamine uptake assay and morphological analysis and expression of neurotrophic substances by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time RT PCR. KEY RESULTS In mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures, SAHA displayed dose- and time-dependent prolongation of the survival and protection against neurotoxin-induced neuronal death of dopaminergic neurons. Mechanistic studies revealed that the neuroprotective effects of SAHA were mediated in part by promoting release of neurotrophic factors from astroglia through inhibition of histone deacetylation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The novel neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of SAHA demonstrated in this study suggest that further study of this HDAC inhibitor could provide a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chen
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wu HM, Pan SR, Chen MW, Wu Y, Wang C, Wen YT, Zeng X, Wu CB. A serum-resistant polyamidoamine-based polypeptide dendrimer for gene transfection. Biomaterials 2010; 32:1619-34. [PMID: 20951425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A serum tolerant polycation gene vector, G(2) PAMAM-PGlu-G(1) PAMAMs (ALA), was designed, synthesized, characterized and evaluated. A honeycomb-like molecular structure model for mechanistic explanation of ALA was postulated and discussed. Designed as a star-shaped polyamidoamine (PAMAM)-based polypeptide dendrimer through peptide bond linkages, ALA was with non-toxic low generation G(2) PAMAM (G(2)) as its central core, polyglutamate (PGlu)s as its star-shaped backbone branches and G(1) PAMAM (G(1))s as its branch grafts and peripheral terminals. IR, (1)H NMR demonstrated its successful combination. As a gene carrier, ALA exhibited good DNA binding and condensation capacity with particle size (approximately 87 nm for N/P 40, approximately 170 nm for N/P 30) and ζ-potential (approximately 16 mV for N/P 30-40), negligible cytotoxicity, exciting serum tolerant capacity and significant serum-promoted (serum-containing 56.6%>serum-free 32.7%), cell line dependent (Hek 293 > Bel 7402 > Hela), incubation period dependent (38 h > 18 h > 12 h > 9 h > 4 h > 2 h > 1 h) and sustained (peak transfection appeared at 30 h incubation) transfection efficiency. The presence of serum had not only no inhibition on, but also prominent promotion to, the transfection activity of ALA. All above features differentiated ALA clearly from most other serum-inhibitive nonviral gene carriers, and proved ALA the promising and challenging potential efficient gene vector for practical clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Abstract
Topiramate could potentially effective as prophylaxis for cluster headache, but the experience remains limited in Asians. We performed an open-label clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of topiramate in the tolerable dosage to prevent cluster headache. We studied patients who fulfilled the criteria of episodic or chronic cluster headaches (International Classification of Headache Disorders second edition) prospectively. Headache severity was assessed using a verbal rating scale (excruciating, severe, moderate, mild, and no headache). Treatment was started with a topiramate dose of 50 mg twice daily and was increased by 50-100 mg a day every 3 to 7 days as tolerated to a maximal daily dosage of 400 mg. Of the 12 patients with episodic cluster headache, nine patients had remission of headache at a mean daily dosage of 273 mg (range 100-400 mg), and the patient with chronic cluster headache had remission at a daily dosage of 400 mg. The adverse effects included: paresthesia (84%), slow speech (54%), and dizziness (46%), but were tolerated by most patients. Two patients discontinued topiramate due to adverse events and one due to lack of efficacy. This open-label study suggests that topiramate is effective in the treatment of cluster headache in Taiwanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Huang
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Research Lab, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Li XX, Liu CC, Zhang WD, Shao H, Wu HM, Wang Z, Yang YN, Li JL. [Studies on cold resistance of hazel determined and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2010; 30:1666-1669. [PMID: 20707172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Using annual branch of hazel as the experimental materials, the K(+)-leakage and relative electric conductivity of three hazel species (six hazel clones) which had been treated with different low temperature were determined by electro-conductivity gauge and atomic absorption spectrometry. Regression models were established for low temperature to the K(+)-leakage or the relative electric conductivity of six hazel clones. The results showed that there was the same result of cold resistance for all clones using the two methods of comprehensive evaluation, and the indicator of K(+)-leakage rate determined by atomic absorption spectrometry can be used as a means of early identification of cold resistance of hazel clones. There were obvious differences among the clones in the ability of cold resistance. The order of the ability of cold resistance for the six hazel clones was C7R7 > Z-9-40 > C6R1 > CS2R1 > Z-9-22 > Z-9-30, and the order of the ability of cold resistance for the three hazel species was C. heterophylla > C. heterophyllax X (C. heterophylla X C. avellana) > C. heterophylla X C. avellana. The median lethal temperature of tissue for all clones is -26(-)-40 degrees "C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xia Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
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Sun SF, Pan QZ, Hui X, Zhang BL, Wu HM, Li H, Xu W, Zhang Q, Li JY, Deng XM, Chen JW, Lian ZX, Li N. Stronger in vitro phagocytosis by monocytes-macrophages is indicative of greater pathogen clearance and antibody levels in vivo. Poult Sci 2008; 87:1725-33. [PMID: 18753439 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes-macrophages are crucial players in specific and nonspecific immune responses to protect organisms from invasion of bacteria or viruses. In this study, monocytes in circulation from 2 lines of Silky and Starbro chickens with different disease resistance were separated and cultured in vitro. After identification with acridine orange (AO), Giemsa staining, and CD14 immunostaining, monocytes-macrophages were used for adherence and phagocytosis test. The overall percentages of adherence of Silky monocytes was 1.5 times greater than that of Starbro (P < 0.01), which were 26.85% +/- 8.24% and 18.34% +/- 8.15%, respectively (mean +/- SD). The monocytes-macrophages phagocytic index, phagocytic product, and percentage of phagocytosis in Silkies were greater than in Star-bros, respectively. The difference of phagocytic index was significant (P < 0.05), that is, 3.70 +/- 1.75 and 1.97 +/- 0.31, respectively (mean +/- SD). Then, 20 Silkies were divided into 2 groups according to phagocytic index: high phagocytic index (HPI) group and low phagocytic index (LPI) group, to study the relationship between phagocytic activity in vitro and pathogen clearance. After being challenged against Salmonella Pullorum C79-13, the Silky birds with HPI produced a 3-fold greater level of specific antibodies compared with those with LPI (P < 0.01), 50.21 +/- 6.67 and 16.85 +/- 4.52, respectively (mean +/- SD). In contrast to LPI birds, HPI birds shed less Salmonella Pullorum bacteria (P < 0.05), that is, 168.98 x 10(8) +/- 294.74 x 10(8) compared to 385.40 x 10(8) +/- 399.94 x 10(8) (mean +/- SD), and the shedding peak of Salmonella Pullorum in the test span appeared 4 d earlier. These results indicated that phagocytosis of monocytes-macrophages had strong effects on antibody titer and bacteria shedding postchallenge, which could be used to predict the disease resistance in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Beijing, China
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Warrier S, Wu HM, Newland HS, Muecke J, Selva D, Aung T, Casson RJ. Ocular biometry and determinants of refractive error in rural Myanmar: the Meiktila Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92:1591-4. [PMID: 18927224 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.144477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the ocular biometry and determinants of refractive error in an adult population in Myanmar. METHODS A cross-sectional, population-based survey of the inhabitants 40 years of age and over from villages in the Meiktila District was performed; 2481 eligible participants were identified, and 2076 participated in the study. Biometric components including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), vitreous chamber depth (VCD), lens thickness (LT) and corneal curvature (CC) were measured. Lens opalescence was measured using the Lens Opacity Grading System III. Non-cycloplegic refraction was measured with an autorefractor. RESULTS Complete biometric, refractive and lenticular data were available on 1498 participants. Men had longer ALs, ACDs, VCDs and steeper CCs than women. There was an increase in LT, nuclear opalescence (NO) and myopic shift with increasing age, with no significant change in AL with age. In the 40-59 year age group, VCD was a significant predictor of refractive error, but LT (p<0.001) and NO (p<0.001) were stronger predictors. In the 60+ age group, NO (p<0.001) was also the dominant predictor of refractive error. CONCLUSION This Burmese population, particularly women, has a relatively short AL and ACD. NO is the strongest predictor of refractive error across all age groups in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Warrier
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Adelaide University, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia, Australia.
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Wu HM, Casson RJ, Newland HS, Muecke J, Selva D, Aung T. Anisometropia in an adult population in rural myanmar: the Meiktila Eye Study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2008; 15:162-6. [PMID: 18569811 DOI: 10.1080/09286580701843796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence and risk factors for anisometropia in a rural adult population in central Myanmar. METHODS A population-based ophthalmic survey was conducted in rural villages in central Myanmar. Ansiometropia was assessed in subjects with phakic eyes. The severity of anisometropia was defined as the absolute difference of the spherical equivalent between the two eyes. RESULTS Prevalence of anisometropia (> or =1.0 D) in all participants was 35.3% (95% CI 32.7-37.9%); severe anisometropia (> or =2.0 D) was present in 18.9 % (95% CI 16.8-21.0%). There was no significant gender difference in anisometropia prevalence or severity. Prevalence and severity of anisometropia were significantly associated with age. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that cataract, myopia, but not age, were associated with anisometropia. The between-eye differences in axial length (r = 0.15, p < 0.001) and corneal curvature (r = 0.19, p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with the severity of anisometropia. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of anisometropia is relatively high in this rural adult population in Myanmar. Myopia and cataract, but not increasing age, are the potential risk factors of anisometropia in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology and Dept. of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a major public health problem around the world due to its increasing prevalence, long duration, caregiver burden, and high financial cost of care. The degeneration of acetylcholine-containing neurons in the basal forebrain has been implicated in the symptoms of AD. Cholinesterase inhibitors may block the degradation of acetylcholine, thus increasing the efficacy of the remaining cholinergic neurons. Huperzine A is a linearly competitive, reversible inhibitor of acetyl cholinesterase that is said to have both central and peripheral activity with the ability to protect cells against hydrogen peroxide, beta-amyloid protein (or peptide), glutamate, ischemia and staurosporine-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. These properties might qualify Huperzine A as a promising agent for treating dementia (including AD). OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of Huperzine A for the treatment of patients with AD. SEARCH STRATEGY The Specialized Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group was searched on 1 February 2006 using the search term: huperzin*. The CDCIG Specialized register contains records from all major health care databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SIGLE, ISTP, INSIDE, LILACS) as well as from many trials databases and grey literature sources. In addition, the CBM and AMED databases and relevant websites were searched and some journals were hand-searched. Specialists in the field were approached for unpublished material and any publications found were searched for additional references. SELECTION CRITERIA All relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying the efficacy and safety of Huperzine A for AD. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a self-developed data extraction form and entered into RevMan 4.2.10 software. Meta-analyses were performed when more than one trial provided data on a comparable outcome on sufficiently similar patients. Random effects analyses were performed whenever heterogeneity between results appeared to be present. Standardized differences in mean outcome measures were used due to the use of different scales and periods of treatment. MAIN RESULTS Six trials including a total of 454 patients met our inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of most included trials was not high. It was shown that compared to placebo, Huperzine A had beneficial effects on the improvement of general cognitive function measured by MMSE (WMD 2.81; 95% CI 1.87 to 3.76; P < 0.00001) and ADAS-Cog at six weeks (WMD 1.91; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.55) and at 12 weeks (WMD 2.51; 95% CI 1.74 to 3.28), global clinical assessment measured by CDR (WMD -0.80; 95% CI -0.95 to -0.65) and CIBIC-plus (OR 4.32, 95% CI 2.37 to 7.90), behavioral disturbance measured by ADAS-non-Cog at six weeks (WMD -1.33, 95%CI -2.12 to -0.54) and at 12 weeks (WMD -1.52, 95% CI-2.39 to -0.65), and functional performance measured by ADL (WMD = -7.17; 95% CI -9.13 to -5.22; P < 0.00001). However, Huperzine A was not superior to placebo in the improvement of general cognitive function measured by Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS) (WMD: 2.78; 95% CI -0.17 to 5.73, P = 0.06) and specific cognitive function measured by Weshler Memory Scale (WMS) (WMD = 6.64; 95% CI -3.22 to 16.50; P = 0.19). No data were available on quality of life and caregiver burden. The adverse events of Huperzine A were mild and there were no significant differences of adverse events between Huperzine A groups and control groups. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS From the available evidence, Huperzine A seems to have some beneficial effects on improvement of general cognitive function, global clinical status, behavioral disturbance and functional performance, with no obvious serious adverse events for patients with AD. However, only one study was of adequate quality and size. There is therefore inadequate evidence to make any recommendation about its use. Rigorous design, randomized, multi-centre, large-sample trials of Huperzine A for AD are needed to further assess the effects.
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Cataland SR, Jin M, Smith E, Stanek M, Wu HM. Full evaluation of an acquired case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following the surgical resection of glioblastoma multiforme. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:2733-7. [PMID: 16972936 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.02217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is the third leading cause of death in Western society; in China it is the second most common cause of death in cities and the third in rural areas. It is also a main cause of adult disability and dependency. Acupuncture for stroke has been used in China for hundreds of years and is increasingly practiced in some Western countries. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for patients with stroke in the subacute or chronic stage. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register (November 2005), the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field Trials Register (November 2005), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library Issue 3, 2005), MEDLINE (1966 to November 2005), EMBASE (1980 to November 2005), CINAHL (1982 to November 2005), AMED (1985 to November 2005), the Chinese Stroke Trials Register (November 2005), the Chinese Acupuncture Trials Register (November 2005), the Chinese Biological Medicine Database (1977 to November 2005), the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Register (November 2005), and the National Institute of Health Clinical Trials Database (November 2005). We handsearched four Chinese journals and checked reference lists of all papers identified for further trials. SELECTION CRITERIA Truly randomised unconfounded clinical trials among patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, in the subacute or chronic stage, which compared acupuncture involving needling with either placebo acupuncture, sham acupuncture or no acupuncture. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected trials for inclusion, assessed quality, extracted and cross-checked the data. MAIN RESULTS Five trials (368 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was considered inadequate in all trials. Although the overall estimate from four trials suggested the odds of improvement in global neurological deficit was higher in the acupuncture group compared with the control group (odds ratio (OR) 6.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.89 to 22.76), this estimate may not be reliable since there was substantial heterogeneity (I(2 )= 68%). One trial showed no significant improvement of motor function between the real acupuncture group and the sham acupuncture group (OR 9.00, 95% CI 0.40 to 203.30), but the confidence interval was wide and included clinically significant effects in both directions. No data on death, dependency, institutional care, change of neurological deficit score, quality of life or adverse events were available. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Currently there is no clear evidence on the effects of acupuncture on subacute or chronic stroke. Large, methodologically-sound trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- West China Hospital, Si Chuan University, Department of Geriatrics, Chengdu, Si Chuan, China 610041.
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Cataland SR, Jin M, Zheng XL, George JN, Wu HM. An evaluation of cyclosporine alone for the treatment of early recurrences of thombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:1162-4. [PMID: 16689782 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jin M, Cataland S, Bissell M, Wu HM. A rapid test for the diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura using surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF)-mass spectrometry. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:333-8. [PMID: 16420561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy, requires immediate diagnosis and plasma exchange therapy. Development of TTP is related to functional deficiency of ADAMTS-13 protease that leads to the accumulation of ultra large von Willebrand factor (VWF) and subsequent platelet thrombosis. Currently no clinical test is available for the rapid detection of ADAMTS-13 activity. OBJECTIVES The goal is to devise a novel method to rapidly detect functional activity of ADAMTS-13 and improve clinical outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS A recombinant VWF substrate containing the ADAMTS-13 cleavage site and a 6X Histidine tag was cleaved by ADAMTS-13 in a dose-dependent manner, generating approximately 7739 Da peptide containing a 6X Histidine tag. This cleaved peptide, bound to an IMAC/Nickel ProteinChip, was quantified using Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). The assay is capable of quantifying ADAMTS-13 activity as low as 2.5% in plasma within 4 h. When the cleaved peptide was quantified as a ratio of an internal control peptide, the test displayed good reproducibility, with an average inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) of < 33%. Further validation revealed a mean ADAMTS-13 activity of 92.5% +/- 16.6% in 39 healthy donors. Sixteen patients with idiopathic TTP displayed mean ADAMTS-13 activity of 1.73% +/- 3.62%. Further utility of this novel method includes determining the inhibitory titer of ADAMTS-13 antibody in cases of acquired TTP. CONCLUSIONS We have devised a novel SELDI-TOF-MS assay that offers a rapid, cost-effective, and functionally relevant test for timely diagnosis and management of TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jin
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Hattori N, Huang SC, Wu HM, Liao W, Glenn TC, Vespa PM, Phelps ME, Hovda DA, Bergsneider M. PET investigation of post-traumatic cerebral blood volume and blood flow. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2004; 86:49-52. [PMID: 14753403 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0651-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Hemodynamic changes following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may reflect cellular damage leading to secondary injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regional hemodynamic parameters acutely after TBI among regions in and around contusions. Sixteen patients (11 male, 5 female) showing evidence of contusion on CT and 18 normal volunteers (12 male, 6 female) underwent positron emission tomography (PET) with O-15 CO and O-15 H2O to estimate cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF), respectively. A flow to volume ratio (FVR = CBF/CBV) was also calculated as an index of vasodilatation. The hemodynamic parameters were compared among contusion, pericontusion, and remote areas. Globally, hemodynamic parameters did not differ between patients and normal volunteers, and did not correlate with intracranial pressure (ICP). Regionally, contusional and pericontusional areas showed significantly lower CBF and FVR compared with normal volunteers, while CBV did not differ significantly. The correlation between CBF and CBV was significant (r = 0.37, p < 0.01). Remote areas did not show a significant difference in any of the PET parameters. In conclusion, regional brain edema is likely to occur in contusion and pericontusion areas, while some of the contusional tissue may show vascular engorgement.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hattori
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection is one of the most common complications and still remains a significant cause of morbidity and occasionally mortality in patients, especially children with nephrotic syndrome. Many different prophylactic interventions have been used or recommended for reducing the risks of infection in nephrotic syndrome in clinical practice. Whether the existing evidence is scientifically rigorous and which prophylactic intervention can be recommended for routine use based on the current evidence is still unknown. OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of any prophylactic interventions for reducing the risk of infection in children and adults with nephrotic syndrome. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Renal Group Specialised Register (January 2003), The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (Cochrane Library Issue 1, 2003), MEDLINE and Pre-MEDLINE (1966 - February 2003), EMBASE (1980 - February 2003), China Biological Medicine Database (CBMdisc, 1979 - December 2002), reference lists of nephrology textbooks, review articles, relevant trials and abstracts from nephrology scientific meetings without language restriction. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs comparing any prophylactic interventions (pharmacological or non-pharmacological) for preventing any infection in children and adults with nephrotic syndrome. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently assessed and extracted information. Information was collected on method, participants, interventions and outcomes ( appearance of infection, mortality, quality of life and adverse events). MAIN RESULTS Five RCTs conducted in China, including 308 children with nephrotic syndrome were identified. No trials were identified in adults. All trials compared one kind of prophylactic pharmacotherapy (IVIG, thymosin or a compound of Chinese medicinal herbs - TIAOJINING) in addition to baseline treatment with baseline treatment alone. No RCTs were identified comparing antibiotic or non-pharmacological prophylaxis, or pneumococcal vaccination. Three trials showed a significantly better effect of IVIG on preventing nosocomial or unspecified infection in children with nephrotic syndrome (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.82). Thymosin and TIAOJINING were also effective for reducing the risks of infection in children with nephrotic syndrome with RR 0.50 (95%CI 0.26 to 0.97) and 0.59 (95%CI 0.43 to 0.81) respectively. No serious adverse events were reported. REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS IVIG, thymosin and TIAOJINING may have positive effects on prevention of nosocomial or unspecified infection with no obvious serious adverse events in children with nephrotic syndrome. However the methodological quality of all trials was poor, the sample sizes small and all studies were from China, and thus there is no strong evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- Chinese Cochrane Center, Department of Gerontology, West China Hospital, Si Chuan University, Chengdu, Si Chuan, China, 610041
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Wu TH, Lee JS, Wu HM, Chu WF, Guo WY. Evaluating geometric accuracy of multi-platform stereotactic neuroimaging in radiosurgery. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2002; 78:39-48. [PMID: 12381884 DOI: 10.1159/000063833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We used a spherical phantom to evaluate geometric accuracy in multi-platform stereotactic neuroimaging for radiosurgery. The phantom consisted of two plastic 16-cm-diameter hemispheres in which an exchangeable 8-cm plastic functional cube was incorporated. The functional cube contained cylinder and point targets. The targets were filled with a mixed aqueous solution of 2-mM copper sulfate and 300-mg/ml iodinated contrast medium and were visible on both MR and X-ray images. Two MR scanners and a biplane X-ray angio-suite were used to scan the phantom stereotactically in two sessions of the experiment. The angio-suite was equipped with digital subtraction and distortion-correction software. The resulting stereotactic images were transferred to a dose-planning computer for length measurement and coordinate determination of the targets. The mean errors of the measured cylinder length on distortion non-corrected X-ray stereotactic images were 0.24 +/- 0.14 and 0.73 +/- 0.10 mm, respectively, in the experiments; on distortion-corrected images 0.22 +/- 0.10 and 0.35 +/- 0.39 mm. They were 0.50 +/- 0.24, 0.25 +/- 0.19 and 0.49 +/- 0.34, 0.23 +/- 0.25 mm, respectively, of the two MR scanners. The mean errors of coordinate determination of point targets between the stereotactic MR and the distortion-corrected X-ray images were 0.70 +/- 0.18, 0.52 +/- 0.22 and 0.76 +/- 0.25, 0.40 +/- 0.10 mm, respectively, in the experiments. We found that the overall geometric errors of target delineation between stereotactic MR and X-ray images were in the submillimeter range. The current study validates the multi-platform and multi-facility stereotactic neuroimaging practice and ensures imaging accuracy in radiosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Wu
- Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Yan JJ, Ko WC, Tsai SH, Wu HM, Wu JJ. Outbreak of infection with multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying bla(IMP-8) in a university medical center in Taiwan. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:4433-9. [PMID: 11724857 PMCID: PMC88561 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.12.4433-4439.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with the transferable carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo-beta-lactamases, which include IMP- and VIM-type enzymes, remain extremely rare. To investigate whether IMP- or VIM-producing K. pneumoniae isolates had spread at a university medical center in Taiwan, a total of 3,458 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae consecutively collected in 1999 and 2000 were tested by the agar diffusion method, colony hybridization, PCR, and nucleotide sequencing. A total of 40 isolates (1.2%), or 17 nonrepetitive isolates, from 16 patients were found to carry bla(IMP-8), a metallo-beta-lactamase gene recently identified from a K. pneumoniae strain in Taiwan. Carriage of bla(VIM) or other bla(IMP) genes was detected in none of the remaining isolates. Of the 17 nonrepetitive bla(IMP-8)-positive isolates, 15 isolates (88.2%) appeared susceptible to imipenem (MICs, <or=4 microg/ml) and meropenem (MICs, <or=1 microg/ml), indicating the difficulty in detecting bla(IMP-8) in K. pneumoniae by routine susceptibility tests; 14 isolates (82.4%) produced SHV-12 as well; and 14 isolates (82.4%) were also resistant to fluoroquinolones. The organisms caused wound infections in eight patients and bloodstream infections in three patients. They were not directly associated with the death of nine patients. Before the recovery of the bla(IMP-8)-positive isolates, all 16 patients had undergone various surgical procedures, and 15 patients had been admitted to the surgical intensive care unit, suggesting a nosocomial outbreak. Two major patterns were observed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for 14 of the 17 nonrepetitive isolates, indicating that the clonal spread was mainly responsible for the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Yan
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chen RC, Chang SF, Su CL, Chen TH, Yen MF, Wu HM, Chen ZY, Liou HH. Prevalence, incidence, and mortality of PD: a door-to-door survey in Ilan county, Taiwan. Neurology 2001; 57:1679-86. [PMID: 11706111 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.57.9.1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reported prevalence and incidence rates of PD were significantly lower in China than those in Western countries. People in China and Taiwan have a similar ethnic background. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence, incidence, and mortality rate of PD in Taiwan. METHOD The authors conducted a population-based survey using a two-stage door-to-door approach for patients aged 40 years or older in Ilan, Taiwan. Patients were diagnosed with PD by having at least two of the four cardinal signs of parkinsonism and exclusion of seconddary parkinsonism. To identify new cases of PD after the survey, patients with negative results of parkinsonism in the first stage were matched to the information on clinical diagnosis of PD from the Bureau of National Health Insurance toward the end of December 31, 1997. All cases of PD were linked to the Taiwan mortality registration to ascertain causes of deaths until December 31, 1999. RESULTS The participation rate was 88.1% among the 11,411 contacted individuals. Thirty-seven cases of PD were identified. The age-adjusted prevalence rate of PD for all age groups was 130.1 per 100,000 population after being adjusted to the 1970 US census, assuming no cases of PD would be found among those younger than 40 years of age. Of 9972 non-PD subjects in the first screen, 15 new cases of PD were ascertained. The age-adjusted incidence rate was 10.4 per 100,000 population for all age groups. The case fatality rate of PD after a 7-year follow-up was 40.4% (21 deaths in 52 patients with PD). The relative risk of death for PD cases versus non-PD cases was 3.38 (95% CI: 2.05-4.34). The 5-year cumulative survival rate in PD cases (78.85%) was statistically lower than that in non-PD cases (92.84%). CONCLUSION The prevalence and incidence rates of PD in Taiwan were much higher than those reported in China, but closer to those in Western countries. These results suggest that environmental factors may be more important than racial factors in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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38
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Liang NJ, Shih YT, Shih FY, Wu HM, Wang HJ, Shi SF, Liu MY, Wang BB. Disaster epidemiology and medical response in the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 38:549-55. [PMID: 11679867 DOI: 10.1067/mem.2001.118999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE We examine the mortality and morbidity associated with earthquakes in the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan in 1999. METHODS Crude casualty data were collected from the reports of the government, local health bureaus, and 97 hospitals. The demographic data from the annual report of the Department of Interior were also employed for data analysis. Cross tables showing incidence of deaths and injuries by age, sex, time, and geographic distribution were generated to compare the mortality among different subgroups. Multiple regression models were established to explore the risk factors related to the mortality caused by earthquakes. RESULTS The following results were found: the mortality rate increased with proximity to the epicenter, mortality was higher among the elderly than among young people, 30% of the victims died from head injuries caused by the collapse of dwellings, and the peak of medical demand was 12 hours after the earthquake and significantly increased demand for care lasted as long as 3 days. Furthermore, the regression model indicated that 78.5% of the variation of locality-age-sex-specific mortality was explained by the intensity of the earthquake, age, population density, distance to epicenter, medical beds per 10,000 people, and physicians per 10,000 people. CONCLUSION The results implied that fragile minorities, specifically the elderly and children, require special consideration and attention in regard to disaster rescue and emergency medical care allocation. Epidemiologic analysis can guide disaster response and preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Liang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chuang YM, Wu HM. Early recognition of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid stenting--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:489-94. [PMID: 11842653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The hyperperfusion syndrome is a recognized complication of carotid endarterectomy. Reports of cerebral hyperperfusion injury following internal carotid artery angioplasty and stenting are few We report a case of 76-year-old hypertensive man who was admitted to our hospital for assessment 2 years after experiencing an ischemic stroke of right hemisphere. Angiography confirmed 60% stenosis of left internal carotid artery (ICA). Percutaneous transluminal stenting of left internal carotid artery was performed without any immediate complications. Two hours after the procedure, the patient suddenly deteriorated. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain revealed extensive intracerebral hemorrhage and he died 5 days later. There was precipitating migranous headache, and his blood pressure was moderately elevated at the time of deterioration. Sentinel headache could solely indicate the early sign of hyperperfusion injury after carotid stenting, especially in the presence of arterial hypertension. Patients with sentinel headache after angioplasty should be recognized early and they deserve intensive study for other features of cerebral hyperperfusion injury and prompt early management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Chuang
- Department of Radiology, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
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40
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Saxena S, Brody AL, Ho ML, Alborzian S, Ho MK, Maidment KM, Huang SC, Wu HM, Au SC, Baxter LR. Cerebral metabolism in major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder occurring separately and concurrently. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 50:159-70. [PMID: 11513814 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequent comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggests a fundamental relationship between them. We sought to determine whether MDD and OCD have unique cerebral metabolic patterns that remain the same when they coexist as when they occur independently. METHODS [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) brain scans were obtained on 27 subjects with OCD alone, 27 with MDD alone, 17 with concurrent OCD+MDD, and 17 normal control subjects, all in the untreated state. Regional cerebral glucose metabolism was compared between groups. RESULTS Left hippocampal metabolism was significantly lower in subjects with MDD alone and in subjects with concurrent OCD+MDD than in control subjects or subjects with OCD alone. Hippocampal metabolism was negatively correlated with depression severity across all subjects. Thalamic metabolism was significantly elevated in OCD alone and in MDD alone. Subjects with concurrent OCD+MDD had significantly lower metabolism in thalamus, caudate, and hippocampus than subjects with OCD alone. CONCLUSIONS Left hippocampal dysfunction was associated with major depressive episodes, regardless of primary diagnosis. Other cerebral metabolic abnormalities found in OCD and MDD occurring separately were not seen when the disorders coexisted. Depressive episodes occurring in OCD patients may be mediated by different basal ganglia-thalamic abnormalities than in primary MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saxena
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Yan JJ, Hsueh PR, Ko WC, Luh KT, Tsai SH, Wu HM, Wu JJ. Metallo-beta-lactamases in clinical Pseudomonas isolates in Taiwan and identification of VIM-3, a novel variant of the VIM-2 enzyme. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45:2224-8. [PMID: 11451678 PMCID: PMC90635 DOI: 10.1128/aac.45.8.2224-2228.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 209 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas (193 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 10 P. putida, 4 P. stutzeri, and 2 P. fluorescens isolates) with reduced susceptibilities to imipenem and/or ceftazidime were subjected to PCR assays with primers specific for bla(IMP-1), bla(IMP-2), bla(VIM-1), and bla(VIM-2) and sequence analysis to identify the metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) prevalent among these organisms in Taiwan; and 21 isolates gave positive results. Five isolates including two P. putida and three P. stutzeri isolates were found to carry bla(IMP-1), and six isolates including five P. putida and one P. stutzeri isolates harbored bla(VIM-2). The remaining 10 isolates were P. aeruginosa, and all were found to carry a novel variant of bla(VIM-2), designated bla(VIM-3). There are only two nucleotide differences between bla(VIM-2) and bla(VIM-3), leading to two amino acid alterations. Our findings indicate that VIM-2 and its variant have become the most prevalent metalloenzymes in Pseudomonas in Taiwan. Southern hybridization with the bla(VIM-2)-, bla(VIM-3)-, and bla(IMP-1 )-specific probes revealed that only two VIM-2-producing P. putida isolates appeared to carry the MBL gene on plasmids. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that six VIM-3-producing P. aeruginosa isolates and two IMP-1-producing P. stutzeri isolates were genetically related, suggesting that the spread of these MBL genes in Taiwan could be due to clonal dissemination as well as genetic exchange between different clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Yan
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical Center, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan
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42
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Brody AL, Saxena S, Stoessel P, Gillies LA, Fairbanks LA, Alborzian S, Phelps ME, Huang SC, Wu HM, Ho ML, Ho MK, Au SC, Maidment K, Baxter LR. Regional brain metabolic changes in patients with major depression treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal therapy: preliminary findings. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58:631-40. [PMID: 11448368 DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.58.7.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In functional brain imaging studies of major depressive disorder (MDD), regional abnormalities have been most commonly found in prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and temporal lobe. We examined baseline regional metabolic abnormalities and metabolic changes from pretreatment to posttreatment in subjects with MDD. We also performed a preliminary comparison of regional changes with 2 distinct forms of treatment (paroxetine and interpersonal psychotherapy). METHODS Twenty-four subjects with unipolar MDD and 16 normal control subjects underwent resting F 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning before and after 12 weeks. Between scans, subjects with MDD were treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal psychotherapy (based on patient preference), while controls underwent no treatment. RESULTS At baseline, subjects with MDD had higher normalized metabolism than controls in the prefrontal cortex (and caudate and thalamus), and lower metabolism in the temporal lobe. With treatment, subjects with MDD had metabolic changes in the direction of normalization in these regions. After treatment, paroxetine-treated subjects had a greater mean decrease in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score (61.4%) than did subjects treated with interpersonal psychotherapy (38.0%), but both subgroups showed decreases in normalized prefrontal cortex (paroxetine-treated bilaterally and interpersonal psychotherapy-treated on the right) and left anterior cingulate gyrus metabolism, and increases in normalized left temporal lobe metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with MDD had regional brain metabolic abnormalities at baseline that tended to normalize with treatment. Regional metabolic changes appeared similar with the 2 forms of treatment. These results should be interpreted with caution because of study limitations (small sample size, lack of random assignment to treatment groups, and differential treatment response between treatment subgroups).
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Brody
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Saw SM, Wu HM, Seet B, Wong TY, Yap E, Chia KS, Stone RA, Lee L. Academic achievement, close up work parameters, and myopia in Singapore military conscripts. Br J Ophthalmol 2001; 85:855-60. [PMID: 11423462 PMCID: PMC1724036 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.85.7.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the relation of refractive error to environmental factors, including close up work, in Singapore military conscripts. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted on 429 Singapore military conscripts. Non-cycloplegic refraction and A-scan biometry were performed in both eyes. A detailed questionnaire was administered by in-person interview to obtain information about current and past near work activity, extra tuition lessons, educational experiences, and family demographics. RESULTS Myopia associated with the conscript having been educated in the (gifted, special, or express) educational streams (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.8, 95% confidence interval CI 2.0-7.3), and having completed pre-university education (OR=4.1, 95% CI 1.9-8.8). The reported close up work activity at age 7 years did correlate with age of onset of myopia (p<0.001). In parallel, supplemental tuition lessons in primary school has (OR=2.6, 95% CI 1.4-4.9) associated with conscript myopia. Parental myopia was positively associated with myopia (p<0.001), but this relation disappeared when adjusted for environmental factors. Current (p=0.83) and past close up work activity at age 7 years (p=0.13) did not correlate with myopia. CONCLUSION Educational level and educational stream positively related to myopia. A relation was observed with reported close up work activity in early childhood and with tuition classes during elementary school, but not with current close up work activity. These results underscore the strong influence of environment in myopia pathogenesis but a role for close up work activity remains indeterminate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Saw
- Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Republic of Singapore.
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44
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Wu HM, Lee CL, Yen CF, Wang CJ, Soong YK. Laparoscopic diagnosis and management of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome: report of three cases. Chang Gung Med J 2001; 24:388-92. [PMID: 11512371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Perihepatic adhesions between the liver capsule and the diaphragm or the anterior peritoneal surface characterizes Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (FHCS). FHCS is an extrapelvic manifestation of pelvic inflammatory disease and usually refractory to medical treatment and surgical intervention. With the increased incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain and sequalae of the process are becoming more common. Herein, we report 3 patients with pelvic inflammatory disease in whom medical treatment failed initially and FHCS was diagnosed via laparoscopy. Laparoscopic lysis of pelvic and perihepatic adhesions, irrigation of the abdomino-pelvic cavity, and antibiotics treatment after surgery successfully relieved these patients' symptoms. FHCS is not a new syndrome but most gynecologists might neglect this condition. Laparoscopy is a less invasive procedure than exploratory laparotomy. We recommend laparoscopy in patients with lower abdominal and right upper quadrant discomfort when other organic disease has been ruled out and medical treatment has failed to relieve symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 5, Fu-Shin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Wu HM, Seet B, Yap EP, Saw SM, Lim TH, Chia KS. Does education explain ethnic differences in myopia prevalence? A population-based study of young adult males in Singapore. Optom Vis Sci 2001; 78:234-9. [PMID: 11349931 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-200104000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study interethnic variation in myopia prevalence and severity in young adult males in Singapore and to determine whether these variations are related to differences in education level. METHODS A population-based survey of refractive errors in a cohort of 15,095 military conscripts between July 1996 and June 1997 using noncycloplegic autorefraction and a standard questionnaire. Prevalence rates of myopia (<-0.5 D) and severe myopia (<-6.0 D) were determined for Chinese, Malay, and Indian men; prevalence rate ratios were compared after adjusting for education level. RESULTS Singapore has one of the highest prevalences of myopia (79.3%) and severe myopia (13.1%), with Chinese having higher rates (82.2%, 95% confidence interval 81.5, 82.9) compared with Indians (68.7%, 95% confidence interval 65.1, 67.1) and Malays (65.0%, 95% confidence interval 62.9, 67.1). Education was strongly associated with prevalence and severity of myopia. However, significant interethnic variation persisted after adjusting for education. CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of myopia in Singapore. Although prevalence and severity of myopia were strongly associated with education, interethnic variation observed was not fully explained by differences in education level.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- Defence Medical Research Institute, Singapore.
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Abstract
AIM To examine the role of night time lighting and myopia in children in Singapore METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted on 1001 children in two Singapore schools. Cycloplegic refraction and A-scan biometry measurements were made in both eyes. A detailed questionnaire was completed by the parents to obtain information on night time lighting, near work activity, educational and demographic factors. RESULTS There was no difference in myopia prevalence rates in children exposed to night time light (33.1%) compared with children who slept in the dark (31.4%) before age 2. In addition, vitreous chamber depth was not related to night light (p = 0.58) before age 2. These results remained even after controlling for near work. CONCLUSION Myopia is not associated with night light in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Saw
- Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
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Aung T, Foster PJ, Seah SK, Chan SP, Lim WK, Wu HM, Lim AT, Lee LL, Chew SJ. Automated static perimetry: the influence of myopia and its method of correction. Ophthalmology 2001; 108:290-5. [PMID: 11158801 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine how the magnitude of myopia and its method of correction influence visual field testing. DESIGN Prospective observational case series, including comparison of spectacles and contact lenses. PARTICIPANTS One hundred forty-six ophthalmologically normal males 19 to 24 years of age with myopia (spherical equivalent from -0.50 to -14.0 diopters). METHODS Participants performed automated static threshold perimetry. Refractive errors were corrected using trial lenses and soft contact lenses. Subjects were tested with both methods of correction, the order of which was randomized. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Threshold sensitivity and global indexes. RESULTS Only one subject (0.7%) had a significant reproducible visual field defect on both methods of correction. Six subjects (4.1%) had a focal visual field defect on one method of correction but not the other. For myopia greater than -4.0 diopters, the mean defect decreased significantly as axial length and degree of myopia increased (P: < 0.01). Similar results were obtained with either method of correction. CONCLUSIONS Threshold sensitivity is reduced in moderate and high myopia, regardless of the method of correction. The surprisingly low prevalence of visual field defects in this myopic population disputes the widely held view that myopia is associated commonly with visual field abnormalities. If field defects are found in myopes on automated perimetry, it is advisable to repeat the test with another method of optical correction to check that such defects are genuine and not related to the method of refractive correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Aung
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
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48
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Yan JJ, Ko WC, Tsai SH, Wu HM, Jin YT, Wu JJ. Dissemination of CTX-M-3 and CMY-2 beta-lactamases among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in southern Taiwan. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:4320-5. [PMID: 11101558 PMCID: PMC87599 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.12.4320-4325.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 1,210 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli collected from a university hospital in southern Taiwan were screened for production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Expression of classical ESBLs (resistant to extended-spectrum beta-lactam agents and susceptible to beta-lactam inhibitors) was inferred in 18 isolates by the phenotypic confirmatory test. These included 10 isolates producing CTX-M-3, 2 strains carrying SHV-12, 1 strain harboring SHV-5, 1 strain expressing TEM-10, and 4 strains producing unidentifiable ESBLs with a pI of 8.05, 8.0, or 7.4. Eighteen isolates that showed decreased susceptibilities to ceftazidime and/or cefotaxime, negative results for the confirmatory test, and high-level resistance to cefoxitin (MICs of >/=128 microg/ml) were also investigated. Five isolates were found to produce CMY-2 AmpC enzymes, one isolate carried both CTX-M-3 and CMY-2, and the remaining three and nine isolates expressed putative AmpC beta-lactamases with pIs of >9.0 and 8.9, respectively. Thus, together with the isolate producing CTX-M-3 and CMY-2, 19 (1.6%) isolates produced classical ESBLs. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that all isolates carrying CTX-M-3 and/or CMY-2 were genetically unrelated, indicating that dissemination of resistance plasmids was responsible for the spread of these two enzymes among E. coli in this area. Among the 16 isolates expressing CTX-M-3 and/or CMY-2, 5 might have colonized outside the hospital environment. Our data indicate that CTX-M-3 and CMY-2, two beta-lactamases initially identified in Europe, have been disseminated to and are prevalent in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Yan
- Departments of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Abstract
Four new naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, ancistrotectoriline A (1), ancistrotectoriline B (2), 6-O-methyl-4'-O-demethylancistrocladine (3), and 6-O-methyl-4'-O-demethylhamatine (4), were isolated from the stems and leaves of Ancistrocladus tectorius, collected from Hainan Province, Southern China. Their structures were elucidated using MS and NMR methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Meteria Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 294 Tai-Yuan Road, Shanghai 200031, China
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Abstract
Reproductive development is a rich arena to showcase programmed cell death in plants. After floral induction, the first act of reproductive development in some plants is the selective killing of cells destined to differentiate into an unwanted sexual organ. Production of functional pollen grains relies significantly on deterioration and death of the anther tapetum, a tissue whose main function appears to nurture and decorate the pollen grains with critical surface molecules. Degeneration and death in a number of anther tissues result ultimately in anther rupture and dispersal of pollen grains. Female sporogenesis frequently begins with the death of all but one of the meiotic derivatives, with surrounding nucellar cells degenerating in concert with embryo sac expansion. Female tissues that interact with pollen undergo dramatic degeneration, including death, to ensure the encounter of compatible male and female gametes. Pollen and pistil interact to kill invading pollen from an incompatible source. Most observations on cell death in reproductive tissues have been on the histological and cytological levels. We discuss various cell death phenomena in reproductive development with a view towards understanding the biochemical and molecular mechanisms that underlie these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA
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