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Hong MP, Zhang R, Fan SJ, Liang YT, Cai HJ, Xu MS, Zhou B, Li LS. Interpretable CT radiomics model for invasiveness prediction in patients with ground-glass nodules. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e8-e16. [PMID: 37833141 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the performance of an interpretable computed tomography (CT) radiomic model in predicting the invasiveness of ground-glass nodules (GGNs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted retrospectively from 1 August 2017 to 1 August 2022, at three different centres. Two hundred and thirty patients with GGNs were enrolled at centre I as a training cohort. Centres II (n=157) and III (n=156) formed two external validation cohorts. Radiomics features extracted based on CT were reduced by a coarse-fine feature screening strategy. A radiomic model was developed through the use of the LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) and XGBoost algorithms. Then, a radiological model was established through multivariate logistic regression analysis. Finally, the interpretability of the model was explored using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). RESULTS The radiomic XGBoost model outperformed the radiomic logistic model and radiological model in assessing the invasiveness of GGNs. The area under the curve (AUC) values for the radiomic XGBoost model were 0.885 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.836-0.923), 0.853 (95% CI 0.790-0.906), and 0.838 (95% CI 0.773-0.902) in the training and the two external validation cohorts, respectively. The SHAP method allowed for both a quantitative and visual representation of how decisions were made using a given model for each individual patient. This can provide a deeper understanding of the decision-making mechanisms within the model and the factors that contribute to its prediction effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS The present interpretable CT radiomics model has the potential to preoperatively evaluate the invasiveness of GGNs. Furthermore, it can provide personalised, image-based clinical-decision support.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Hong
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - S J Fan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y T Liang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H J Cai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - M S Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - B Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, China.
| | - L S Li
- Department of Radiology, Jiaxing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, China.
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Ning HY, Cai HJ, Ma TT, Fan CE, Wu DD, Gao FY, Kong F, Zhang FJ, Wang R, Guo HH, Ma RL, Zheng CY, Hao B, Wang HT, Zhang JJ, Zhang L, Wang XY. [Investigation and analysis of airborne allergenic pollen in 4 districts and 5 counties of Hohhot City]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1364-1372. [PMID: 37743296 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230116-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the species, concentration and seasonal trends of main airborne allergenic pollen in 4 districts and 5 counties of Hohhot City. Methods: The Department of allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University conducted a cross-sectional study about monitoring the airborne allergenic pollen from August 1, 2021 to July 31, 2022 by the gravitational method in 4 districts and 5 counties of Hohhot City, which include Yuquan District, Xincheng District, Huimin District, Saihan District, Tuoketuo County, Helingeer County, Tumotezuoqi County, Wuchuan County and Qingshuihe County. Daily pollens were counted and identified by optical microscopy, and the data were analyzed. Results: The airborne allergenic pollen was collected every month all year round in 4 districts and 5 counties of Hohhot city. Through the whole year of the total quantity of pollens ranged from 24 850 to 50 154 grains per 1 000 mm2 and two peaks of pollen concentration in air were observed,which happened in spring (from March to May) and in summer and autumn (from July to September). In spring, the main pollens were tree pollens, which principally distributed in Populus pollen (18.29%), Ulmus pollen (8.36%), Pinus pollen (6.20%), Cupressaceae pollen (5.23%), Betulaceae pollen (2.73%), Salix pollen (1.80%) and Quercus pollen (1.16%). In summer and autumn, the main pollens were weed pollens, which mainly included Artemisia pollen (42.73%), Chenopodiaceae pollen or Amaranthaceae pollen (7.46%), Poaceae pollen (2.26%), Humulus pollen or Cannabis pollen (0.60%). Conclusion: There were two peaks of main airborne allergenic pollen in 4 districts and 5 counties of Hohhot City. In the spring peak of pollen, the main airborne pollens were tree pollens. In the summer and autumn peak of pollen, the main airborne pollens were weed pollens. The Artemisia pollen was the most major airborne pollen in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Ning
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China Allergy Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - H J Cai
- Allergy Center, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - T T Ma
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China Allergy Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - C E Fan
- Allergy Center, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - D D Wu
- Department of Primary Health Care, Hohhot Health Committee, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - F Y Gao
- Department of Allergy, Qingshuihe County Hospital, Hohhot 011600, China
| | - F Kong
- Department of Allergy, Hohhot Huimin District Hospital, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - F J Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ying Xin Road Office East Community Health Service Centre, Hohhot 010000, China
| | - R Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Daxuexi Road Community Health Service Centre, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - H H Guo
- Department of Allergy and Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tumotezuoqi People's Hospital, Hohhot 010100, China
| | - R L Ma
- Department of Allergy, Tuoketuo County Hospital, Hohhot 010200, China
| | - C Y Zheng
- Department of Allergy, Helingeer County Hospital, Hohhot 011500, China
| | - B Hao
- Department of Allergy, Wuchuan County Hospital, Hohhot 011700, China
| | - H T Wang
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China Allergy Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - J J Zhang
- Allergy Center, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China Beijing Key Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - X Y Wang
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China Allergy Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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Wu X, Yu H, He LY, Wang CQ, Xu HM, Zhao RQ, Jing CM, Chen YH, Chen J, Deng JK, Shi J, Lin AW, Li L, Deng HL, Cai HJ, Chen YP, Wen ZW, Yang JH, Zhang T, Xiao FF, Cao Q, Huang WC, Hao JH, Zhang CH, Huang YY, Ji XF. [A multicentric study on clinical characteristics and antibiotic sensitivity in children with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:628-634. [PMID: 32842382 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200505-00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates. Methods: The clinical data of children with MRSA infection and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates from 11 children's hospitals in Infectious Diseases Surveillance of Paediatrics (ISPED) group of China between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018 were collected retrospectively. The children's general condition, high-risk factors, antimicrobial therapy and prognosis, differences in clinical disease and laboratory test results between different age groups, and differences of antibiotic sensitivity between community-acquired (CA)-MRSA and hospital-acquired (HA)-MRSA were analyzed. The t test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis of the quantitative data and Chi-square test were used for comparison of rates. Results: Among the 452 patients, 264 were males and 188 were females, aged from 2 days to 17 years. There were 233 cases (51.5%) in the ≤1 year old group, 79 cases (17.5%) in the>1-3 years old group, 29 cases (6.4%) in the >3-5 years old group, 65 cases (14.4%) in the >5-10 years old group, and 46 cases (10.2%) in the>10 years old group. The main distributions of onset seasons were 55 cases (12.2%) in December, 47 cases (10.4%) in February, 46 cases (10.2%) in November, 45 cases (10.0%) in January, 40 cases (8.8%) in March. There were 335 cases (74.1%) CA-MRSA and 117 (25.9%) cases HA-MRSA. Among all cases, 174 cases (38.5%) had basic diseases or long-term use of hormone and immunosuppressive drugs. During the period of hospitalization, 209 cases (46.2%) received medical interventions. There were 182 patients (40.3%) had used antibiotics (β-lactams, glycopeptides, macrolides, carbapenems, oxazolones, sulfonamides etc) 3 months before admission. The most common clinical disease was pneumonia (203 cases), followed by skin soft-tissue infection (133 cases), sepsis (92 cases), deep tissue abscess (42 cases), osteomyelitis (40 cases), and septic arthritis (26 cases), suppurative meningitis (10 cases). The proportion of pneumonia in the ≤1 year old group was higher than the >1-3 years old group,>3-5 years old group,>5-10 years old group,>10 years old group (57.5% (134/233) vs. 30.4% (24/79), 31.0% (9/29), 38.5% (25/65), 23.9% (11/46), χ(2)=17.374, 7.293, 7.410, 17.373, all P<0.01) The proportion of skin and soft tissue infections caused by CA-MRSA infection was higher than HA-MRSA (33.4% (112/335) vs. 17.9% (21/117), χ(2)=10.010, P=0.002), and the proportion of pneumonia caused by HA-MRSA infection was higher than CA-MRSA (53.0% (62/117) vs. 42.1% (141/335), χ(2)=4.166, P=0.041). The first white blood cell count of the ≤1 year old group was higher than that children > 1 year old ((15±8)×10(9)/L vs. (13±7)×10(9)/L, t=2.697, P=0.007), while the C-reactive protein of the ≤1 year old group was lower than the 1-3 years old group,>5-10 years old group,>10 years old group (8.00 (0.04-194.00) vs.17.00 (0.50-316.00), 15.20 (0.23-312.00), 21.79(0.13-219.00) mg/L, Z=3.207, 2.044, 2.513, all P<0.05), there were no significant differences in procalcitonin (PCT) between different age groups (all P>0.05). After the treatment, 131 cases were cured, 278 cases were improved, 21 cases were not cured, 12 cases died, and 10 cases were abandoned. The 452 MRSA isolates were all sensitive to vancomycin (100.0%), linezolid (100.0%), 100.0% resistant to penicillin, highly resistant to erythromycin (85.0%, 375/441), clindamycin (67.7%, 294/434), less resistant to sulfonamides (5.9%, 23/391), levofloxacin (4.5%, 19/423), gentamicin (3.2%, 14/438), rifampicin (1.8%, 8/440), minocycline (1.1%, 1/91). The antimicrobial resistance rates were not significantly different between the CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The infection of MRSA is mainly found in infants under 3 years old. The prevalent seasons are winter and spring, and MRSA is mainly acquired in the community. The main clinical diseases are pneumonia, skin soft-tissue infection and sepsis. No MRSA isolate is resistant to vancomycin, linezolid. MRSA isolates are generally sensitive to sulfonamides, levofloxacin, gentamicin, rifampicin, minocycline, and were highly resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin. To achieve better prognosis. clinicians should initiate anti-infective treatment for children with MRSA infection according to the clinical characteristics of patients and drug sensitivity of the isolates timely and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - L Y He
- Department of Microbiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - C Q Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - H M Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - R Q Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - C M Jing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Y H Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - J K Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - J Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - A W Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - H L Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - H J Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Y P Chen
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Z W Wen
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - J H Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - T Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - F F Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Q Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - W C Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - J H Hao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kaifeng Children's Hospital, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - C H Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kaifeng Children's Hospital, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Y Y Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - X F Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Zheng R, Zhu HL, Hu BR, Ruan XJ, Cai HJ. Identification of APEX2 as an oncogene in liver cancer. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:2917-2929. [PMID: 32775374 PMCID: PMC7385600 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i14.2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA damage is one of the critical contributors to the occurrence and development of some cancers. APEX1 and APEX2 are the most important molecules in the DNA damage, and APEX1 has been identified as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). However, the expression of APEX2 and its functional mechanisms in LIHC are still unclear. AIM To examine the expression of APEX2 and the potential mechanism network in LIHC. METHODS We conducted a pan-cancer analysis of the expression of APEX1 and APEX2 using the interactive TIMER tool. GEO datasets, including GSE14520, GSE22058, and GSE64041, were used to compare the APEX2 expression level in tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Then, we calculated the 5-year survival rate according to the web-based Kaplan-Meier analysis. We included the TCGA liver cancer database in GSEA analysis based on the high and low APEX2 expression, showing the potential mechanisms of APEX2 in LIHC. After that, we conducted Pearson correlation analysis using GEPIA2. Next, we performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay to examine the APEX2 levels in normal liver cell line LO2 and several liver cancer cell lines, including HepG2, Huh7, SMMC7721, and HCCLM3. APEX2 in HCCLM3 cells was knocked down using small interfering RNA. The role of APEX2 in cell viability was confirmed using CCK-8. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the promoter activity of CCNB1 and MYC. RESULTS APEX1 and APEX2 are both highly expressed in the tumor tissues of BLCA, BRCA, CHOL, COAD, ESCA, HNSC, LIHC, LUAD, LUSC, READ, and STAD. APEX2 overexpression in LIHC was validated using GSE14520, GSE22058, and GSE64041 datasets. The survival analysis showed that LIHC patients with high expression of APEX2 had a lower overall survival rate, even in the AJCC T1 patients. High level of APEX2 could indicate a lower overall survival rate in patients with or without viral hepatitis. The GSEA analysis identified that kinetochore and spindle microtubules are the two main cellular components of APEX2 in GO Ontology. APEX2 was also positively associated with molecular function regulation of chromosome segregation and DNA replication. The results of KEGG analysis indicated that APEX2 expression was positively correlated with cell cycle pathway and pro-oncogenic MYC signaling. Pearson correlation analysis showed that APEX2 had a significant positive correlation with CCNB1 and MYC. APEX2 level was higher in liver cancer cell lines than in normal liver LO2 cells. Small interfering RNA could knock down the APEX2 expression in HCCLM3 cells. Knockdown of APEX2 resulted in a decrease in the viability of HCCLM3 cells as well as the expression and promoter activity of CCNB1 and MYC. CONCLUSION APEX2 is overexpressed in LIHC, and the higher APEX2 level is associated with a worse prognosis in overall survival. APEX2 is closely involved in the biological processes of chromosome segregation and DNA replication. APEX2 expression is positively correlated with the pro-oncogenic pathways. Knockdown of APEX2 could inhibit the cell viability and CCNB1 and MYC pathways, suggesting that APEX2 is an oncogene in LIHC, which could be a potential pharmaceutic target in the anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Heng-Liang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bing-Ren Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Ruan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua-Jie Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Ye BL, Zheng R, Ruan XJ, Zheng ZH, Cai HJ. Chitosan-coated doxorubicin nano-particles drug delivery system inhibits cell growth of liver cancer via p53/PRC1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:414-420. [PMID: 29097204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nano-particles have been widely used in target-specific drug delivery system and showed advantages in cancers treatment. This study aims to evaluate the effect of chitosan coated doxorubicin nano-particles drug delivery system in liver cancer. METHODS The chitosan nano-particles were prepared by using the ionic gelation method. The characterizations of the nano-particles were determined by transmission electron microscopy. The cytotoxicity was detected by MTT assay, and the endocytosis, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were examined by flow cytometry. The protein level was analyzed with western blot. The dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to assess the interaction between p53 and the promoter of PRC1, and chromatin immune-precipitation was used to verify the binding between them. RESULTS The FA-CS-DOX nano-particles were irregular and spherical particles around 30-40 nm, with uniform size and no adhesion. No significant difference was noted in doxorubicin release rate between CS-DOX and FA-CS-DOX. FA-CS-DOX nano-particles showed stronger cytotoxicity than CS-DOX. FA-CS-DOX nano-particles promoted the apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase, and they up-regulated p53. FA-CS-DOX nano-particles inhibited cell survival through p53/PRC1 pathway. CONCLUSION Chitosan-coated doxorubicin nano-particles drug delivery system inhibits cell growth of liver cancer by promoting apoptosis and arresting cell cycle at G2/M phase through p53/PRC1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Liang Ye
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ru Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Ruan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Hai Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua-Jie Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Jiang FZ, Zhu HL, Zheng XF, Tu JF, Lin H, Hu RY, Chen X, You HY, Zhou ZX, Zhang WJ, Cai HJ. [Duodenojejunal bypass in treatment for 7 cases with non-severe obese type 2 diabetes mellitus]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2012; 15:36-38. [PMID: 22287348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of duodenojejunal bypass(DJB)on non-severe obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). METHODS The body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose(FPG), 2h-postprandial plasma glucose(2hPG), fasting insulin(F-ins), fasting c-peptide(F-CP), glycated hemoglobin and hypoglycemic agents dose changes were tested in 7 patients with non-severe obese T2DM undergoing DJB, preoperatively and within 24 weeks after surgery during the follow-up. Data were collected and the clinical outcomes of T2DM were analyzed. RESULTS In 7 cases of non-obese T2DM who underwent DJB, one patient was weaned off hypoglycemic agents with normal FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c postoperatively. Five required significantly lower dosage. No significant improvement in 1 case. Complete remission rate of hyperglycemia was 1/7, effective rate was 6/7, and effective rate of HbA1c was 5/7. No significant changes in BMI were observed between the preoperative and postoperative phases. CONCLUSION Plasma glucose level can be markedly reduced by duodenojejunal bypass in non-obese T2DM, independent of weight loss, and the mechanism remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-zhao Jiang
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
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Cai XJ, Yu YC, Cai HJ, Wang YF. Experimental research of stent anastomosis of gastrojejunostomy in a porcine model. Chin Med J (Engl) 2011; 124:408-412. [PMID: 21362342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrojejunostomy is one of the most frequently used procedures for general surgeons. The creation of anastomosis between various parts of the gastrointestinal tract is a basic technical component and major task in the daily practice of almost all gastrointestinal procedures. This research evaluated a new procedure of making gastrointestinal anastomosis with stent. METHODS Twenty experimental mini-pigs were randomized into two groups. In stent anastomosis group (SA), the anastomoses were constructed with a poly-levolactic acid stent. In hand-sewn group (HA), the anastomoses were performed with a single-layer continuous suture. Abdominal X-ray with intraluminal contrast was performed on the 10th postoperative day. Five pigs of each group were sacrificed on the postoperative days 3 and 14 to determine anastomotic bursting pressure in situ, hydroxyproline concentration, and histopathological evaluation of the anastomotic sites. RESULTS There was no intraoperative morbidity or mortality. The median time needed for the sutured anastomosis was (21.7 ± 2.3) minutes and for the stent anastomosis was (11.9 ± 1.9) minutes (P < 0.001). Abdominal X-ray with intraluminal contrast demonstrated normal gas distribution and showed no evidence of leakage or obstruction. Macroscopic appearance at the longitudinal opening of anastomosis was always good in both groups. The median anastomotic bursting pressure was (18.2 ± 1.6) kPa in SA group on postoperative day 3, compared with (11.7 ± 3.2) kPa in HA group (P = 0.003). The anastomotic bursting pressure on day 14 was not significantly different between SA group ((27.1 ± 2.6) kPa) and HA group ((28.3 ± 1.7) kPa) (P = 0.388). The hydroxyproline concentrations were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The stent anastomosis was not considered to be more difficult than a sutured anastomosis. This method is proved to be safe and feasible compared with the traditional hand-sewn method in the porcine model. The method increases early anastomotic strength in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Jun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, the Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China.
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Koike Y, Cai HJ, Higashiyama K, Fujikawa S, Park EY. Effect of consumed carbon to nitrogen ratio of mycelial morphology and arachidonic acid production in cultures of Mortierella alpina. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 91:382-9. [PMID: 16233009 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.91.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2000] [Accepted: 01/12/2001] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the consumed carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio on arachidonic acid (AA) production and mycelial morphology was investigated in cultures of Mortierella alpina using shake flasks and a fermentor. The consumed C/N ratio was varied from 5 to 32 under the condition that the total initial amount of carbon and nitrogen sources was 50 g/l. Cellular yield increased markedly at C/N ratios below 7; carbon utilization was switched from cellular growth to lipid biosynthesis in the C/N ratio range of 7-15; lipid biosynthesis was most active when the C/N ratio was in the range of 15-32. However, for C/N ratios higher than 15, the mycelial concentration decreased due to nitrogen limitation but the lipid yield still increased. In the presence of excess nitrogen, the biomass concentration depended on the amount of the nitrogen source, but the AA yield was inversely related to this. On the other hand, in the presence of excess carbon, the fatty acid concentration increased with carbon source concentration but the AA concentration remained constant. From the viewpoint of AA production, the optimum C/N ratio was in the range of 15 to 20 with a balance between the amounts of carbon and nitrogen sources. When an enriched medium was used at a fixed C/N ratio of 20, the cellular and AA concentrations were shown to be proportional to the total concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources in both flasks and the fermentor. The whole pellet size and width of pellet annular regions did not change with increasing C/N ratio for C/N ratios below 20 in the flask cultures. However, when the C/N ratio was higher than 20, these sizes increased in proportion to the C/N ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Koike
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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9
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Liao XH, Cai HJ. [Preparation and qualitative control of compound Dyclonine's suspending mixture]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2000; 25:585-6. [PMID: 12516415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The paper deals with the composition, preparation and qualitative control of compound Dyclonine's suspending mixture, one of gastroscopic mucomembranous anesthetics. The content of Dyclonine hydrochloride was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. It shows that the average rate of recovery is 100.80%, RSD = 1.32%(n = 6). At room temperature, the appearance and content of the preparation are not changed in 0, 30, 180, 365 days respectively. The preparation is widely and successfully used in clinics with easy procedure and excellent stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changhas 410008
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10
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Wu YY, Sun CT, Cai HJ. P001 Long-term effect of elcatonin on lumbar BMD in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(97)81198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Liu K, Li CF, Cai HJ, Shen DZ. Hypocholesterolemic effects of mixture Da Huai on experimental rats and treatment of a homozygous FH child. Biochim Biophys Acta 1994; 1212:253-5. [PMID: 8180251 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(94)90260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study observes the hypocholesterolemic effects of Mixture Da Huai--a drug of enhancing monocyte macrophage system--on experimental rats, and the treatment of a homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) child. The results show that TC, VLDL-C and LDL-C in Mixture Da Huai group were significantly reduced and HDL-C was significantly increased. Fractional clearance rates for 125I-GLC-LDL, and the 125I-GLD-LDL uptake of rat peritoneal macrophages were significantly increased. Excretions of total sterol and acidic sterol in feces were also increased. After treatment for 3 months, serum TC and LDL-C of a homozygous FH child were significantly decreased. Tendon and cutaneous xanthomas were limited. This study indicates that by promoting the monocyte macrophage system to degrade LDL, a promising prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis might be provided, especially in the treatment of homozygous FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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12
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Sun XM, Patel DD, Webb JC, Knight BL, Fan LM, Cai HJ, Soutar AK. Familial hypercholesterolemia in China. Identification of mutations in the LDL-receptor gene that result in a receptor-negative phenotype. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14:85-94. [PMID: 7903864 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.14.1.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), caused by many different mutations in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-receptor gene, invariably leads to severe premature coronary heart disease (CHD) in homozygous individuals. Heterozygous FH patients are less severely affected but are still at increased risk of CHD in most populations. Although FH homozygotes in China are affected similarly to those elsewhere, heterozygotes are not detected in the general population and obligate heterozygotes are often not hypercholesterolemic by Western standards. Mutations in the LDL-receptor genes of 10 homozygous FH patients from the Jiang-su province of China and their heterozygous parents were analyzed. These include one large and two minor deletions and eight point mutations: four are predicted to introduce a premature stop codon, five to result in a single amino acid substitution or deletion, and one to produce a protein with an abnormal cytoplasmic tail. Expression of the mutant LDL-receptor cDNAs in vitro confirmed that these mutations impaired LDL-receptor function and that several would cause a receptor-negative phenotype. Thus, the lack of clinical expression in obligate FH heterozygotes is not due to unusually "mild" mutations in the LDL-receptor gene, and other genetic or environmental factors must therefore be important in determining phenotypic expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Sun
- MRC Lipoprotein Team, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Cai HJ, Xie CL, Chen Q, Chen XY, Chen YH. The relationship between hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor activity and serum cholesterol level in the human fetus. Hepatology 1991; 13:852-7. [PMID: 2029989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
We found that the binding of 125I-low-density lipoprotein to fetal liver low-density lipoprotein receptor rose progressively with the increase in fetal age. During this period, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in fetal serum declined significantly. The correlation coefficients between fetal age and concentration of serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were -0.80 (p less than 0.001) and -0.77 (p less than 0.001), respectively. A significant inverse correlation also existed between the liver low-density lipoprotein receptor activity and the serum total cholesterol (r = -0.96, p less than 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.95, p less than 0.001) but not high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It is suggested that the low-density lipoprotein receptors in human fetal liver may play a key role in the regulation of the serum cholesterol levels during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical College, People's Republic of China
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14
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Wang JY, Liu HY, Zhu WN, Han JQ, Dong CY, Shi YJ, Cai HJ, Cao JM, Yi QL. An analysis of prognostic factors in cirrhosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 1989; 102:266-72. [PMID: 2507240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop a more comprehensive index for predicting the prognous of liver cirrhosis. 300 consecutive patients with cirrhosis were studied in terms of survival from 1975 to 1986. Median follow-up period was 5.3 years. A multivariable survival analysis (Cox's regression model) using clinical biochemical data obtained at admission disclosed eight factors of value in predicting prognosis: age, frequency of previous GI bleeding, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, serum albumin, serum bilirubin, hemoglobin and prothrombin time. A prognostic index was constructed for the calculation of the estimated survival probability.
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15
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Yu CS, Cai HJ, Xia SS. Formation of cholesterol gall stones in vitro by Eddy current. J Tongji Med Univ 1988; 8:202-7. [PMID: 3249349 DOI: 10.1007/bf02887891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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16
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Abstract
The first series of in vivo experiments were designed to investigate the effects of monocytic macrophages (MM phi) stimulation by zymosan in cholesterol-fed rats. We found that the MM phi stimulation significantly decreased plasma very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol but not high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. The hepatic and aortic cholesterol levels were also significantly decreased; meanwhile, the biliary total bile acid and fecal sterol excretion were significantly enhanced. These results were beneficial to the prevention and regression of atherosclerosis. The second series of in vitro experiments led to the discovery that zymosan did not have effect on HDL and LDL binding, uptake and degradation of hepatic parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells isolated from normal rats, but did have significant effects on those isolated from cholesterol-fed rats. The experiments of Kupffer cells modulating hepatocytes also demonstrated that hepatocyte HDL receptor activity was significantly enhanced by conditioned medium from acetylated LDL plus zymosan added to Kupffer cells. Bmax of 125I-labeled HDL specific binding was increased from 237.8 to 295.2 ng/mg cell protein. The Ka value was not affected, indicating that there might be an increment in receptor number, but not receptor affinity. Cholesterol-loaded zymosan-stimulated Kupffer cells might secrete a soluble mediator affecting hepatocyte HDL receptor activity. Zymosan and other MM phi-stimulating reagents are promising in the exploration of a new approach for prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins
- Cholesterol/blood
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage
- Cholesterol, HDL/metabolism
- Cholesterol, LDL/blood
- Cholesterol, LDL/metabolism
- Cholesterol, VLDL
- Kupffer Cells/drug effects
- Kupffer Cells/physiology
- Lipoproteins, HDL/metabolism
- Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism
- Lipoproteins, VLDL/blood
- Lipoproteins, VLDL/metabolism
- Liver/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/physiology
- Male
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/physiology
- RNA-Binding Proteins
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Strains
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
- Receptors, Lipoprotein
- Zymosan/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Cai
- Pathophysiology Department, Nanjing Medical College, China
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Cai HJ. [Relation between Pseudomonas-spp 16Zu, lipoproteins and experimental atherosclerosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1988; 68:19-22. [PMID: 3133089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Cai HJ. [HDL receptor activities in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1986; 66:469-72, 512. [PMID: 3022899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Abstract
Five homozygous patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are described. Their serum cholesterol levels were between 603 and 907 mg/dl, with an average of 714 mg/dl. The mean value of serum cholesterol levels of the obligate heterozygous parents was 270 mg/dl. In the patient group, 87% of the serum cholesterol was distributed in low density lipoprotein (LDL) and the mean LDL cholesterol level was about 8.4 times that in a control group. Phospholipids in HDL in the patient group were significantly lower than in the controls. Lipid assays of xanthoma tissues revealed that the major lipid was cholesterol and its esters. LDL receptor activity in fibroblasts from the homozygotes was markedly decreased. Two patients yielded less than 2% of normal receptor activity and were classified as receptor-negative. The other 3 revealed receptor activities greater than 2% but less than 25% of normal receptor activity and were classified as receptor-defective.
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Cai HJ, Zhu MT, Chen XY. [Changes of the cyclic AMP content in experimental atherosclerotic lesions]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 1985; 13:187-9, 239. [PMID: 3004876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Cai HJ. [Abnormal low-density lipoprotein receptor activities in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemic patients]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1985; 65:344-8. [PMID: 3930023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Cai HJ. [Progress in LDL receptor research]. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 1984; 15:79-82. [PMID: 6393334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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23
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Abstract
Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were determined, and values of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-C/TC (%), and the LDL-C/HDL-C (ratio) were calculated in 1101 healthy Chinese men and women, 77 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), 70 patients with cerebral vascular disease (CVD), 64 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), 40 bilaterally oophorectomized women and 95 women using oral contraceptives. Serum HDL-C levels seemed higher and LDL-C levels lower in the healthy Chinese population as compared with those previously reported from European and American whites. Serum HDL-C was significantly higher in fertile females than in males of comparable ages. We failed to demonstrate any sharp fall in HDL-C after the menopause or bilateral oophorectomy. Serum HDL-C levels were significantly lower in both CHD and CVD patients than in healthy subjects of comparable sex and age. Concomitant increases in serum TC, LDL-C and TG, however, were found in CHD patients but not in CVD patients. No abnormality in the mean serum HDL-C level was found in DM patients. However, those complicated with CHD had significantly lower HDL-C than those without CHD. A striking serum HDL-C lowering effect was found with some kinds of oral contraceptives.
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